اضواء على اصول الدين وفروعه

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٥١‬‬ ‫ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ‪‬ﻳﻬﺎﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎﹰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺷﻲﺀ ‪‬ﻣﻬﻢ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻗﺪ ﺃﻏﻔﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴـﻊ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻛﺜـﺮ ﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺨﻠﻂ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻌـﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴـﺎﻭﺍﺓ ﺑﺼـﻮﺭﺓ ﻭﺃﺧـﺮﻯ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺤﻴﻨﻤـﺎ ﻳﻨﻈـﺮ ﺇﻟـﻰ ﺍﻵﺧـﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻫـﻢ ﺃﻏﻨﻴـﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺃﺻـ ‪‬ﺤﺎﺀ ﻭﻫـﻮ ﻓﻘﻴـﺮ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻳﺾ‪ ،‬ﻳﻨﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﻈﹸﻠﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺣﺎﺷﺎﻩ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﺭ ﺑﻌﻘﻮﻟﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺴـﺎﺫﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺗﻨﻈﺮ ﻧﻈﺮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻭﻳﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻷﺳﻒ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻴﺲ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴـﻊ ﺃﺻـﺤ‪‬ﺎﺀ ﺑـﻞ ﺍﻟﻌـﺪﻝ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺗﻜـﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺼـﺤ‪‬ﺔ ﻟﻤ‪‬ﺴـﺘﺤﻘﹼﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺽ ﻟ‪ ‬ﻤﺴﺘﺤﻘﹼﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮ ﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻦ ﻳﺴﺘﺤﻖ ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﻐﻨﻰ ﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻦ ﻳ‪‬ﺴﺘ ‪‬ﺤﻖ‪ ،‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﺑﻌﻴﻨﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺛﻢ ﻻ ﻧﻨﺴﻰ‪ ،‬ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻋﻠـﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺼـﺎﻟﺢ ﺃﻛﻴـﺪﹰﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻌـ ﹼﻞ ﻓـﻲ ﻣﺮﺿـﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺃﻧﺖ ﻏﺎﻓ‪‬ﻞ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﱠﺗﻖﹺ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻻ ﺗـﺘﻜﻠﹼﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺨـﻮﺽ ﺑﻤـﺎ ﻟـﻴﺲ‪‬‬ ‫ﻟﻚ ﺑﻪ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻢ ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺆﺍﺩ ﻛﻞﱡ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻛﺎ ‪‬ﻥ ﻋﻨ ‪‬ﻪ ﻣﺴﺆﻭ ﹰﻻ‪ .‬ﺛﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻧﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﺑﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻼ‪‬ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺒـﺪ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﻣ‪‬ﻄﻴﻌـﹰﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻮﻻﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺳﺮ‪‬ﺍﺀ ﺃﻡ ﺿﺮ‪‬ﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺬﺍ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﺣﻴﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺀ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺇﻓﻌ ﹾﻞ ﺑﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻧ ﹶﺖ ﺃﻫﻠﻪ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﺎ ﺃﻫﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻏﻔﺮ ﻟﻲ ﺧﻄﻴﺌﺘﻲ ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ ﺃﻛﻦ ﺃﻫﻼﹰ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﺄﻧﺖ ﺃﻫﻞﹲ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺒﻌﹰﺎ ﻻ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ‪‬ﻣﺼﺪﺍﻗﹰﺎ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﻮﻝ‪yM :‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٥٢‬‬ ‫‪¦ ¥¤£¢¡~ }|{z‬‬ ‫§‪.(١) L‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﹶﻠﻢ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺑﻌﻀﹰﺎ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴ‪ ‬ﺮﺍﺀ ﻧﻘ ‪‬ﻤـﺔ ﻭﺑﻌـﺾ ﻣ‪‬ـﻦ ﺍﻟﻀـ ‪‬ﺮﺍﺀ ﻧﹺﻌﻤـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓـﻼ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻫﺐ ﻛﻞﹼ ﻣﺬﻫﺐ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺧﻄﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴﺎﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻻ ﻳﻔﻮﺗﻨﺎ ‪‬ﻫﻨﺎ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻧﺬ ﹸﻛﺮ‪ ،‬ﺑﺄﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ‪‬ﻣﺴﺘﺤﺴ‪‬ﻦ ﻋ‪‬ﻘ ﹰﻼ ﻗﺒﻞﹶ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ‪‬ﻣﺴﺘﺤ ‪‬ﺴﻨﹰﺎ ﺷﹶﺮﻋﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﻈﹸﻠﻢ ﻣ‪‬ﺴﺘﻘﺒ‪‬ﺢ ‪‬ﻋﻘ ﹰﻼ ﻗﺒ ﹶﻞ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒ‪‬ﺢ ﺷﺮﻋﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﻗﹸﺒﺢ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻈﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﺳﺘ‪‬ﺤﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻷﻣﺮﺍﻥ ﻋﻘﻠﻴ‪‬ﺎﻥ ﻻ‬ ‫ﺷﻮ ‪‬ﺏ ﺑﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺗﻤﻴﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺗﻨﻔﺮ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻈﻠﻢ ﻻ ﻣﺤﺎﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﺇﺣﺴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﷲ ﻳﺄﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺄﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝﹶ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪O N M L KM :‬‬ ‫‪YXWVUTSRQP‬‬ ‫‪.(٢)L[Z‬‬ ‫ﻓﻜﻴﻒ ﻳﺄﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣ‪‬ﻄ‪‬ﺒﻖ ﻟـﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﺗﻘﻮﻟـﻮﻥ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻣـﺎ ﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ؟‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻫﻮﺩ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.١٠‬‬ ‫‪-٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ‪.٩٠‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٥٣‬‬ ‫ﻭ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻔﺔ ﻳ‪‬ﻤﻜﻨﹺﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺑﺄ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻫﻮ )ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ(‬ ‫ﺑﻌ‪‬ﻴﹺﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣ‪‬ﻨﺒﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﻵﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺄﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺤﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻨ ﹶﻜﺮ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺃﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﻤﻊ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪#\" M :‬‬ ‫‪0/.-,+*)('&%$‬‬ ‫‪@?>=<;:987654321‬‬ ‫‪.(١)LFEDCBA‬‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻤﻮﺍ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻳﻈﻠﻢ ﺃﺣﺪﹰﺍ‪ ،‬ﺃﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﻤﻊ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪HGFM :‬‬ ‫‪T S R Q P O N M LK J I‬‬ ‫‪ .(٢)LU‬ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻇﹸﻠﻢ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺑﻨ ﹼﺺ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ .(٣)LËÊ ÉÈÇÆM :‬ﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻳ‪‬ﺤﺐ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪cbaM :‬‬ ‫‪.(٤)Llkjihgfed‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺭ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٢١‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ‪.٤٠‬‬ ‫‪ -٣‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.١١٨‬‬ ‫‪ -٤‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٥٧‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٥٤‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻻ ﻧﻨﺴﻰ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻈﻠﻢ ﻳ‪‬ﻘ ‪‬ﺴﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗ‪‬ﺴﻤﻴﻦ‪ :‬ﻓ ‪‬ﻤﻨﻬ‪‬ﻢ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﻫـﻮ ﻇـﺎﻟ ﹺﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻔﺴﻪ ‪‬ﻣﺒﻴﻦ ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻨﻬﻢ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﻳﻈﻠﻢ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛ‪‬ﻼﻫ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﻤﺔ ﹸﻛﺒﺮﻯ ﻭﺫﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺗﱠ ﹺﻖ ﺍﷲ ﻓﺈﻧﻚ ﺳﺘﹸﺪﺍﻥ ﻛﻤـﺎ ﺗـﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳـﻴﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟـﺬﻳﻦ ﻇﻠﻤـﻮﺍ ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻘﻠﺐ ﺳﻴﻨﻘﻠﺒﻮﻥ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻻ ﻳﻨﺴﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪? >=M :‬‬ ‫@‪IHG FEDCBA‬‬ ‫‪.(١)LSRQPONMLKJ‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺧﻴﺮﺍﹰ ﺃﻗﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺭﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻏﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﺭﺣـﻢ ﻭﺗﺠـﺎﻭﺯ ‪‬ﻋﻤ‪‬ـﺎ ﺗﻌﻠـﻢ ﺇﻧـﻚ ﺃﻧـﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋ ﹼﺰ ﺍﻷﺟ ﹼﻞ ﺍﻷﻛﺮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺬﺍ ﺃﺩﻋﻮ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺬﻧﺒﻴﻦ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺡ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺍ ‪‬ﻡ ﺑﺎ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ ﻣ‪‬ﻔﺘﻮﺡ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻌ ﹼﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺑﹰﺎ ﻟﻠﻔﺮﺝ ﻭﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺑـﹰﺎ ‪‬ﻟﺮﻓـﻊ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻐﹸﻤ‪‬ﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﺑﻌﻮﻧﻪ ﻭﻓﻀﻠﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.١٣٥‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٥٥‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻛﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺭ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺤﻤﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺁﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﺃﺗﻤﻤﻨﺎ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻟﻠﺪﻳﻦ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻧﺤﻦ ﻧﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻟﻮﻻ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ ﻓﺎﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻓﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﺎ ﻭﺻﻠﻨﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻫﻮ ))ﺍﻟﻨﺒ ‪‬ﻮﺓ((‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻤﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺒ ‪‬ﻮﺓ ﻳﺎ ﺗﹸﺮﻯ؟‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮ‪‬ﺓ ﺗﻨﺪﺭﺝ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻗﺎﻋ‪‬ﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﹸﻠﻄﻒ ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺳﻤ‪‬ﻌﺘﻢ ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ‪ ‬ﺇﻥ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﷲ ﻟﻄﻴﻒ ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﻻ ﻳ‪‬ﻈ‪‬ﻠﻢ ﺃﺣﺪﹰﺍ ﻣ‪‬ﺜﻘﺎﻝ ﺫﺭ‪‬ﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﻗﹸﻠ ﹶﺖ ﺃﻳﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﹸﻠﻄﻒ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺳ‪‬ﻞ‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﹸﻨﺎ‪ :‬ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍ ﹺﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﺮ‪‬ﺳ‪‬ﻞ ﻫﻮ ‪‬ﻫﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺻﻼﺣﻬﻢ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻳ‪‬ﻨﺬ‪‬ﺭﻭﻥ ﻭﻳ‪‬ﺒ ﱢﺸﺮﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺤﻜﻢ‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٥٦‬‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‪U T S R Q PONM :‬‬ ‫‪ .(١)L] \\ [ Z YX W V‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫‪XWVUTSRQPONM‬‬ ‫‪fedcba`_^]\\[ZY‬‬ ‫‪t srqponmlkj ihg‬‬ ‫‪.(٢)L¢¡~}|{zyxwvu‬‬ ‫ﻓﻨﺴﺘﻨﺘ‪‬ﺞ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺘﻴﻦ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺮ‪ ‬ﺳﻞ ﺇﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﻟﻠﺤ‪ ‬ﺠﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﻭﺍ ﹺﺟﺐ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮﺳ‪‬ﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺸﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺬﺍﺭ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻛﻞﹼ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻒ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﺮ‪ ‬ﺳﻞ ﺗﺒﻠﻐﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺭ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ ﻭﻟﻮﻻ ‪‬ﻫﻢ ﻟﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻋﺮﻓﺖ ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺭ‪‬ﺑﻚ‪ ،‬ﻭﹶﻟﺤ‪‬ﺸ‪‬ﺮ ﹶﺕ ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻟﻘﻴﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺤ ‪‬ﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﺃﻃﻌﺖ ﻓﺄﻧ ﹶﺖ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﻋﺼﻴ ﹶﺖ ﻓﺤﺸﺮﻙ ﺍﷲ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﻘﺪ ﹶﻟﻄﻒ‪ ‬ﺑﻜﻢ ﺭﺑﻜﻢ ﺃﻥ‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺳﻞﹶ ﻟﻜﻢ ﺭﺳﻮﻻﹰ ﻳ‪‬ﺒﹼﻠﻐﻜﻢ ﺑﺘﻌﺎﻟﻴﻢ ﺭﺏ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﺫ ﻛﻨﺘﻢ ﻻ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.١٦٥‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٢١٣‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٥٧‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪¬ «ª©¨§M :‬‬ ‫®¯‪µ´³²±°‬‬ ‫¶¸‪.(١) L¹‬‬ ‫ﺛﻢ ﺍﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻟﺖ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺳﻞ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺁﺩﻡ ﻭﺇﻟﻰ ﺧﺎﺗﻢ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺻﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺳﻼﻣﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﻢ ﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﻻ ﻧﹸﻔ ‪‬ﺮﻕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﺣ‪‬ﺪ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﻬ‪‬ﻢ ﻭﻧﺤﻦ ﺑﻬﻢ ﻣﺆﻣﻨﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃﹶﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﻤﻊ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪rq ponml k jihgM :‬‬ ‫‪~}|{zyxwv u ts‬‬ ‫¡‪.(٢)L¥¤£¢‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻔﻮﺗﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﹶﻧﺬﻛﹸﺮ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻟﻠﻨﺒﻮ‪‬ﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﹺﺳـﺎﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟ‪‬ﻌﺼـ ‪‬ﻤﺔ ﺩﺭﺟـﺎﺕ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻘــﺪ ﻗــﺎﻝ ﺗﻌــﺎﻟﻰ‪-,+*)('&%$#\"M :‬‬ ‫‪.(٣)L/.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻟﻜ ﹼﻞ ﻧﺒﻲ ﻣ‪‬ﻌ ﹺﺠﺰﺓ‪ ،‬ﻳﹾﺜﹺﺒﺖ ﺑﻬـﺎ ﻧﺒ ‪‬ﻮﺗـﻪ ﺃﻣـﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻘـﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺻـﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.١٥١‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٢٨٥‬‬ ‫‪ -٣‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٢٥٣‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٥٨‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﻧﻈﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻮ ﺫﺍﻙ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﻕ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻋ‪‬ﺼ‪ ‬ﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻄـﺄ ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﻝ ﺗﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﺷﺪﻫﺎ ﻭ‪‬ﻳﺪ‪‬ﻟﱡﻬﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻧﺒ‪‬ﻴﻬـﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺣـﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻌﺠﹺﺰﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻃﺒﻌﹰﺎ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻌ ﹺﺠـﺰﺓ ﻻ ﺗﻜـﻮﻥ ﺇﻻ ﻣـﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟـﺔ ﺇﻟﻴﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓﺎ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻻﻃﻤﺌﻨﺎﻥ ﺑـﻞ ﻭﺻ‪‬ـﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺒـﻲ ﻫـﻲ ﺩﻟﻴـﻞ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻧﺒﻮ‪‬ﺗـﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺃﻋ ‪‬ﻤ ﹾﺖ ﻗﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺛﻢ ﻻ ﺑُـﺪ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻧﹸﹶﻨﺒﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻣ ﹴﺮ ﻣ‪‬ﹺﻬﻢ ﺟﺪﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ‪‬ﻳﺒﻠﻐﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻣﻮﺭ ﻗﺪ ﹸﻛﻨ ﹶﺖ ﻏﺎﻓ‪ ‬ﹰﻼ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﻞ ﺟﺎﻫ‪‬ﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﻓـﻲ ﺗﺼـﺪﻳﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻃﻤﺌﻨﺎﻥ ﺗﺎﻡ ﺑﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻳﺨﹺﺒﺮﻙ ﻭﺑﻤﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﺒﹼﻠﻐﻚ ﺑ ‪‬ﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺟـﻞ ﺟﻼﻟـﻪ ﻭﻋـﻼ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻻﻃﻤﺌﻨﺎﻥ ‪‬ﺑﻠ ﹶﻎ ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺑﻠ ﹶﻎ ﻻ ‪‬ﻳﺘ ‪‬ﻢ ﺇﻻ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻌ‪‬ﺼـﻤ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﱠﻧـﻪ ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﻟـﻢ‬ ‫ﻳ ‪‬ﻚ ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻣﹰﺎ ﺟﺎ ﹶﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺧﺎﻃﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﺷﻜﺎﻻﺕ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭﻟﻬـﺎ ﻭﺃﻫﻤﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‪ :‬ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﺑﱠﻠﻐﹶﻚ‪ ‬ﺑﻪ‪ ‬ﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺧﻄﺄ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻫﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴـﺎﺫ ﺑـﺎﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓ‪‬ﻠـﺬﺍ ﻓـﺈﻥ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻋﺼﻤﺔﹶ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻨﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﻋ‪‬ﺼﻤ ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺟﻮﺏ ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻮ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺎ ﻭﺟﺒﺖ ﻃﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ ﺇﻻ ﻋ‪‬ﺮﺿﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻮﺟﻮﺏ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ ﻭﻛﻼﺋﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴـﺎﺗﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﻭ ﻣـﺎ ﺑﻌـﺪﻫﻢ ﻣ‪‬ـﻦ ﻭ‪‬ﺻـﻲ‪ ‬ﻭﻏﻴـﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺑﻤـﺎ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻃـﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ ‪‬ﺣﺠ‪‬ﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﻋﺼﻴﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﻋﻮ‪‬ﻗﺒﻨﺎ ﻭﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺃﻃﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ﹸﺃ‪‬ﺛﺒﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛ ﹼﻞ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺼﺪﺭ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺼﻮﻡ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﻭﺳﻜﻮﺕ ﻓﻬﻮ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺠـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﻧﻬـﺎ ‪‬ﻙ ﻋـﻦ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٥٩‬‬ ‫ﺷﻲﺀ ﻭ‪‬ﺟ ‪‬ﺐ ﺗﺮﻛﻪ ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺃﻣـﺮ ‪‬ﻙ ﺑﺸـﻲﺀ ﻭ‪‬ﺟـﺐ‪ ‬ﻓ‪‬ﻌﹸﻠـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺳ‪‬ـﻜﺖﱠ ﻋـﻦ‬ ‫ﻓ‪‬ﻌﻠ‪‬ﻚ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻘﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﺄﻥ‪ ‬ﻓ‪‬ﻌﻠـﻚ ‪‬ﻣﻄـﺎﹺﺑﻖ ﻟﻠﺸـﺮﻳﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫـﺎ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺛﻢ ﻟﻌﻠﻜﻢ ﻗﺪ ﺳﻤﻌﺘﻢ ﺑـ )ﺃﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻡ(‪ .‬ﻓﺄﻗﻮﻝ ‪‬ﻫـﻢ‪ :‬ﻧـﻮﺡ ﻭﻣﻮﺳـﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻴﺴـﻰ ﻭﺇﺑـﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﻭﻣﺤﻤـﺪ ﺑـﻦ ﻋﺒـﺪ ﺍﷲ )ﺻـﻠﻮﺍﺗﻪ ﻭﺳـﻼﻣﻪ ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ(‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﻬ‪‬ﻢ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺮﺗﻜ‪‬ﺒﻮﺍ ﺃ ‪‬ﻱ ﺫﻧﺐ ﻭﻟﻮ ‪‬ﺩﻗﻴّـﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﻤﻊ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌـﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑـﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴـﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴـﺚ ﻗـﺎﻝ‪:98765M :‬‬ ‫;<=>?‪.(١)L‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻌ ﹼﻞ ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻳﻤ‪‬ﻴﺰ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﻫﻮ ﻋﺰﻣﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫‪,+*)('&%$#\"!M‬‬ ‫‪.(٢)L210/.-‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻌﻞﹼ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣ‪‬ﻌﺎ ﹺﺟﺰ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ ﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻌﺎ ﹺﺟﺰ ﺃﻭﻟﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻡ ﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﻭﺿﺢ ﻭﺃﺷﻤﻞ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻨﻜﺮﻫﺎ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺣ‪‬ﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻭ‪‬ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻓﺎﻥ ﻭﺛﺎﻧﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﺼﺎ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﻭﺍﻧﻔﻼﻕ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﺤﺮ ﻭ‪‬ﻣﻨ ‪‬ﻬﻢ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﹶﻛـﱠﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻃـﻪ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.١١٥‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺣﺰﺍﺏ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٧‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٦٠‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻬ ‪‬ﺪ ﹶﺻﺒﻴ‪‬ﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎﹰ ﺇﻟﻰ ‪‬ﻣﻌ ﹺﺠﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺟﹺﺰ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻯ ﺍﷲ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﺗﻰ ﻣﺜﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﺎﻝ‪¼»º¹¸¶µ´³M :‬‬ ‫½¾¿‪.(١)LÇ ÆÅÄÃÂÁÀ‬‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪43210/.-,M :‬‬ ‫‪.(٢)L>=<;:98765‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﺍﹸﻟﻤﻨﹶ ﱠﺰﻝ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺭ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ ﹶﻧﺰﹼﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﹶﻗﻠﺐﹺ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪ ‬ﻟ‪‬ﻴﺒﻠﹼﻎ ﺑﻪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫‪YXWVU TSRQP ONMLKJM‬‬ ‫‪ ،(٣)Ldcba`_^]\\[Z‬ﻭﻫﻮ )ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ( ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻌﺠﺰﺗﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻟﺪﺗﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﻭﺻﻞﹶ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻓﹶﺼﺎﺣ‪‬ﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻼﻏﺘﻪ ﺑ‪‬ﹶﻠﻎَﻣﺎ ﺑ‪‬ﻠﻎَﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻌ‪‬ﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻻ ﻳﺸﻮﺑﻪ ﺃ ‪‬ﻱ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻒ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻓﻲ ﻟﹶﻮ ﹴﺡ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻅ ﻻ ﻳ‪‬ﻤ‪ ‬ﺴ ‪‬ﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻄﹶﻬ‪‬ﺮﻭﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪onmlkjihgfedcM :‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٢٣‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻹﺳﺮﺍﺀ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪. ٨٨‬‬ ‫‪ -٣‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺋﺪﺓ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٦٧‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٦١‬‬ ‫‪.(١)Lp‬‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺫ‪‬ﻛﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‪ :‬ﺃﻗﻮﻝ ﺇﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺤﺘﻜﻢ ﺑﺤﻔﻆ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﺬﺍ ﻓﺎﻧﹼﻲ ﺃﹸﺫﹶ ﱢﻛﺮ ﺑـﻪ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ـﺮﺓ ﺃﺧـﺮﻯ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻜﻮﻧـﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻤ‪‬ﻦ ﺧﺎﻟﻒ ﻧﺼﺎﺋﺢ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺯﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻃﻘﺔ ﻭﺍﺗﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺃﻧﺼﺢ ﺑﺈﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺑﻘﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺪﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺗﺪﺭﻳﺴﻪ ﻭﺗﺤﻔﻴﻈﻪ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺃﻣـﺮ ﺿـﺮﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ ﺗﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻘﺼﹼﺮﻳﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٤٢‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٦٢‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻛﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺭ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ‪ ‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺁﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻞ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺘﺘﺒﻊ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﻥ‪‬‬ ‫ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﺑﺎﻃﻨﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻲ ﻧﻔﻬﻤﻪ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻊ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻒ ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻤﻮﻥﹺﺑﻜﻼﻡ ﻻ ﻳﻔﻬﻤﻮﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﺭﻳﺎﺀً ﻭﺳﻤﻌﺔﹰ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺇﻻ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺃﺗﻤﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳ ‪‬ﻤ ‪‬ﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷُ‪‬ﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﻘﱡﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﱡﻠﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮ ‪‬ﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔ ‪‬ﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﻗﻴﻖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺴﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﺑﺎﹰ ‪‬ﻟﻨﺰﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻈﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﻖ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺒﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﻣﻮﻻﻧﺎ ﻭﺇﻣﺎﻣﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺪﻱ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﹼﻪ ﻗﺪ ﻻ ﻳﺨﻔﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‪ ،‬ﺃﻗ ﹸﺼﺪ )ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻣﺔ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﹼﻧﻪ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻣ‪‬ﹺﻬﻢ ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻨﻌ‪‬ﻄﻒ ﺣ‪‬ﹺﺮﺝ ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﺤﻖ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﹶ ‪‬ﻤﻦ‪‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٦٣‬‬ ‫ﺗﹶﻤ‪‬ﺴ‪‬ﻚ‪ ‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﺠﺎ ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺗ ﹶﺨﻠﱠﻒ ﻋﻨﻪ ﹶﻏﺮﻕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﹼﻧﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﻘﻴﻦ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺳ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻊ‪ ‬ﺑﺎﻹﻣﺎﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﻫﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺃﻡ ﻓﺮﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ ﻳﺨﻔﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﺎﺗﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﹼﻧﻲ ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺭ‪ ‬ﱠﻛﺰﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍﹰ ﻓﻸﻫﻤﻴﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻻ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪ ﺑﻞ ﻫﻮ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺳﺨﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺠﻴﺐ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺱ ﻭﺍﻷﻋﻀﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ‪‬ﺣﺒ‪ ‬ﻚ ﻷﺋﻤﺘﻚ‬ ‫)ﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ( ﻳﺴﺘﺪﻋﻲ ﻣ‪‬ﻨﻚ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺨﺸﻮﻉ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻀﻮﻉ ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺪﻋﻲ ‪‬ﻣﻨﻚ‪‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻀﺤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺪﺍﺀ )ﹶﻓﻜﹸﻼﹰ ‪‬ﻭﻋ‪ ‬ﺪ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻨﻰ(‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺗﻚ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﹶﻘﹼﻠﺪﹰﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺗ ‪‬ﻚ ﻛﺒﺒﻐﺎﺀٍ ﻻ ﹸﺗﺤﺴ‪‬ﻦ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﺇﻻ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺗﱠﻖﹺ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻛﹸ ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﻮﺭ ‪‬ﻣﺘﻔﻬ‪‬ﻤﹰﺎ ﻭﻟﺪﻳﻨﻚ ‪‬ﻣﹼﺘﺒﻌﺎﹰ ﻭﻟﺮﺑﻚ ﺧﺎﺷﻌﹰﺎ ﻭﻟﻨﺒﻴﻚ ﻃﺎﺋﻌﺎﹰ ﻭﻷﺋﻤﺘﻚ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺤﺒﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻔﻮﺯ ﺑﺠﻨﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻗﻄﻮﻓﻬﺎ ﺩﺍﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣ‪‬ﻤ‪‬ﻦ ﺣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﺎﻩ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﻭ‪‬ﱢﻓﻘﺖ ﻭﺭﺯﻗﻚ ﺍﷲ ﺣ‪‬ﺴﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻗ‪‬ﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺇﻧﹼﻪ ﻭﻟﻲ‪ ‬ﻛ ﹼﻞ ﻧﻌﻤﺔ ﻭ‪‬ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻞﹼ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺒﻌﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻧﺤ ‪‬ﻦ ﻟﺴﻨﺎ ﺑﺼﺪﺩ ﻋ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻫﻢ ﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﺑﺪﹰﺍ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻘﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﺭﺯﻗﻨﺎ ﺯﻳﺎﺭﺗﻬﻢ ﻭﻃﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺠﻌﻠﻪ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﻣ‪‬ﻨﹼﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺰﻳﺎﺭﺗﻬﻢ ﻭﻃﺎﻋﺘﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪﻫ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺒﻐﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻏﻢ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻋﻮﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻻ ﻳ‪‬ﺤ ‪‬ﺴﻦ ﻋ‪ ‬ﺪ ‪‬ﻫﻢ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺪ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻮﻛﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻛﹸﹸﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﻓﺮﺍﺟﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﺭﺟﺎﺀً‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٦٤‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‪‬ﻟﻬ‪‬ﻢ ﺃﻣﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ ﻭﺳﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻴﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺃﺑﻲ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‪ ‬ﻭﺁﺧﺮﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﻫﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﻣﻬﺪﻱ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﻭﻣ‪ ‬ﹶﺨﱢﻠﺼﻬﺎ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟ ﹸﻈﻠﻤ‪ ‬ﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻈﹶﻠﹶ ‪‬ﻤﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﻭ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﹺﺑﺤﺎﺟﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺇﻣﺎ ﹴﻡ ﻫﺎﺩ‪‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻳﺨﻠﻒ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﹼﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺑ‪‬ﻌ‪ ‬ﹶﺚ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺇﻻ ﹸﻟﻄﻔﹰﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ‪‬ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺎ ‪‬ﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻒ ﺍﻹﻟﻬﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻴﻒ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻳﺮﻓﻊ ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻒ ﻭﺗﻨﻘﻄﻊ ‪‬ﺻﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﺔ ﺑﺨﺎﻟﻘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪ ‬ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻣﺎﺕﹶ ﺃﻭ ﻗﹸ‪‬ﺘﻞ ﺍﻧﻘﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻋﻘﺎﺑﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫‪P O N M LK J I H G F E D CM‬‬ ‫‪]\\ [ Z Y X W V U TS R Q‬‬ ‫^_`‪.(١)L‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‪ ،‬ﺇﺛﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ ﻟﺜﺒﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﺓ ﻭﺑﻘﺎﺀﺍﹰ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻢ ﺫﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ‪ ،‬ﻓﹶ ‪‬ﻬﻢ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﺓ ﻭﻣﻬﺒﻂ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﺰﻳﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻫ‪‬ﻢ‬ ‫‪‬ﻋ ‪‬ﺪﻝﹸ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻋ‪‬ﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﻄﻒ ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻫﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻣﺎﹰ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻣ‪‬ﻄﺎﹺﺑﻘﹰﺎ ﻟ ‪‬ﺤﻜﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻌﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ‪‬ﻳﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻓﺄﻳ ‪‬ﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺁﻝ ﻋﻤﺮﺍﻥ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.١٤٤‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٦٥‬‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻦ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻱ ‪‬ﻋﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﺃﻗﻮﻝ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻻﹰ‪ :‬ﻏﻴـﺎﺏ ﺍﻻﻣـﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻬـﺪﻱ‪ ‬ﻻ ﻳﻨـﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﻨـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬـﻮ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﺧﹶﻠﻒ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻣ‪‬ﱠﺘﻌ‪‬ﻨﺎ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺇﻳ‪‬ﺎﻛﹸﻢﹺﺑﻄﻠ‪‬ﻌﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻴ‪‬ﺔ )ﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﹰﺎ‪ :‬ﺇﹼﻧﻪ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻮﺍﺟﺒﻪ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﻏﻴﺒﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟـﺬﺍ ﻓﻬﻨـﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴـﺮ ﻣﻤـﻦ ﺭﺁﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜ‪‬ﻦ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻌﹶﻠﻢ ﺃﹼﻧﻪ ﺍﻹﻣـﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ـﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﺩ‪‬ﻋـﻰ ﺭﺅﻳﺘـﻪ ﻭﻫـﻮ ﻳﻌﻠـﻢ ﺃﹼﻧـﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻗﺒ ﹶﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺤﺔ ﻭﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺴﻔﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻛﺬﱠﺍﺏ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﺍ ‪‬ﺩﻋـﻰ ﻟـﻮﺍﹺﺯﻡ ﺫﻟـﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ ﻛﺎ ‪‬ﺫﺏ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺗﺨﻠﻮ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺣ‪ ‬ﺠﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻭ‪‬ﺭ‪ ‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﻘـﺔ ﻭﺇﻟـﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﻣﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻟﻜﻦ ﻛﻞﹼ ﺑﺤﺴﺒﻪ ﺃﻭ ﻗﹸﻞ ﻛ ﹼﻞ ﺑﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﻘﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻴﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺮ ﻻ ﺑُـﺪ‪ ‬ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﺟﻤ ‪‬ﻊ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻓﻬﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺼﺎﺩﻳﻖ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻧﺎ ﷲ ﻭﺇﻧﺎ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺭﺍﺟﻌﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻗﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻘﻴﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻻ ﻳﻔﻮﺗﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ‪‬ﻫﻨﺎ ﻧﻮ‪‬ﺍﺏ ﺍﻷﺋﻤﺔ )ﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠـﻴﻬﻢ ﺃﺟﻤﻌـﻴﻦ(‪،‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻭﻫ‪‬ﻢ‪ :‬ﺇﻣﺎ ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺃﻭ ﻧﺎﺋﺐ ﻋﺎﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﺋﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‪ :‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻨﹶ ﱠﺼﺐ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ‪‬ﻗﺒ‪‬ﻞ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‪ :‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺤـﺎ ‪‬ﻛﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺠﺘﹶﻬﹺﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﺎ‪‬ﻣﻊ ﻟﻠﺸـﺮﺍﺋﻂ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻤـﺎ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺩ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻻﻣـﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺴـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺴﻜﺮﻱ‪) :‬ﻓﺄ‪‬ﻣﺎ ‪‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻛﺎ ‪‬ﻥ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﹸﻔﻘﻬﺎﺀ ﺻﺎ‪‬ﺋﻨﺎﹰ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﻪ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﺨ‪‬ﺎﻟﻔﺎﹰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﻮﺍﻩ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻄﻴﻌﹰﺎ ﻷﻣﺮ ﻣﻮﻻﻩ ﻓﻠﻠﻌ‪‬ﻮﺍﻡ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻘﹼﻠﺪﻭﻩ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ـﻦ ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻭﻁ ﻧﻌـﺮﻑ ﺃﻧﹼـﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﻷﻱ‪ ‬ﺃﺣﺪ ‪‬ﺣﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻱ ﻟﻠﻔﺘﻮﻯ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻱ ﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺠﺘﹶﻤـﻊ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﻜـﻢ‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٦٦‬‬ ‫ﻫﻲ ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﹶﺻﻌﺒ‪‬ﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﻋﺼﻢ ﺍﷲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻣـﺔ ﻻ ﺑـُـﺪ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺗﻜـﻮﻥﹺﺑـﹶﻨﺺ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟ‪‬ـﺬﺍ ﻓـﺄﻧﹼﻬﻢ )ﺳـﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ( ﻣ‪‬ﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﻗ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻞ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ‪‬ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺼﻴﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻧﺘ‪‬ﺨﺎﺏ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻫﻲ ﻣ‪‬ﻨﺼ‪‬ﺐ ﺇﻟﻬﻲ‪‬ﺑﺤـﺖﹾ ﻳﺠـﺐ ﻋﻠـﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻞﹼ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﻻﻧﻘﻴﺎﺩ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻭﻃﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﺑﻼ ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺃﺑﺪﹰﺍ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﻤ‪ ‬ﻦ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﺇﻣﺎﻡ‪ ‬ﺯﻣﺎﹺﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﹸﻛﺐ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻨﺨﺮﻳﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻛﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺭﺩ‪) :‬ﻣﺎ ﹶﺕ ﻣﻴﺘﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴـﺔ(‪ ،‬ﻭﺑـﺌﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﺠﺎﻫﻞ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻔ ‪‬ﻲ ﻋﻨـ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﻟﺤـﻖ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻞ ﺣﺎﻟـﺖ ﺑﻴـﻨﻬﻢ ﻭﺑﻴﻨـﻪ ﺍﻟـﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻋﻤ‪ ‬ﹾﺖ ﺑﺼﻴﺮﺗﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻀﺎﻓﹰﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻣﺮﹴ ﻣ‪‬ﹺﻬﻢ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﹼﻧﻪ ﻗﺪ ‪‬ﻭﺭ‪‬ﺩ‪) :‬ﻳﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪‬ﻫﻠ ‪‬ﻚ ﻓﻴـ ‪‬ﻚ ﺍﺛﻨـﺎﻥ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻣ‪ ‬ﺤ ‪‬ﺐ ﻏﺎ ﹴﻝ ﻭ‪‬ﻣﺒﻐ‪‬ﺾ ﻗﺎﻝﹴ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻋﻘﻴـﺪﺗﻨﺎ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻷﺋﻤـﺔ )ﺳـﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ(‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ‪‬ﻫﻢ ‪‬ﻋﺒﺎ ‪‬ﺩ ‪‬ﻣﻜﺮﻣﻮﻥ ﺃ ﹶﺧﺼﱠﻬ‪‬ﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺎﻹﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼﹸﻧﻐﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣ‪‬ﺒﻬﻢ ﻭﻻ ﻧﺴﺘﻨﻘﺺ ‪‬ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﻴ ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﻳﻦ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻂ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺎﻫﻲ ﺷﻄﻂ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﹸﺍﺃﻟــّ ‪‬ﻬﻬﻢ ﻭﻻ ﺃﻧﺼﺐ ﻟﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﺀ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﺍﻣﹰﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﺪﺃﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻐﺪﻳﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺗﻨﺼﻴﺐ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑـﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﻲ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ﺧﻠﻴﻔ ﹰﺔ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ ‪‬ﺭﺟ‪‬ﻊ‪ ‬ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺤﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﺃ ﹶﺧ ﹶﺬ ﺑﻴﺪ‪ ‬ﻋﻠﻲ‪ ‬ﻭﻗﺎﻝ‪) :‬ﻣ ‪‬ﻦ ﻛﹸﻨﺖﹸ ﻣﻮﻻﻩ ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﻮﻻﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﻝﹺ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻭﺍﻻﻩ ﻭﻋﺎﺩ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺍﻩ ﻭﺍﻧﺼﹸﺮ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﻧﹶﺼﺮﻩ ﻭﺍﺧ ﹸﺬﻝ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﹶﺧﺬﻟـﻪ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻨـﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻠﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ‪‬ﻳﺴﺘ ‪‬ﺪ ﱡﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻣﺎ‪‬ﻣﺘ‪‬ﹺﻬﻢ )ﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ(‪ ،‬ﺣﻴـﺚ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٦٧‬‬ ‫ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ‪ ‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪) :‬ﺇﻧﻲ ﺗﺮﻛﺖﹸ ﻓﻴ ﹸﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﻠﻴﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺗﻤ‪‬ﺴـﻜﺘﹸﻢ ﺑﻬﻤـﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻦ ﺗﻀﻠﻮﺍ ﺑﻌﺪ ‪‬ﻱ ﺃﺑﺪﹰﺍ‪ :‬ﻛ‪‬ﺘﺎ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﷲ ﻭ ‪‬ﻋﺘﺮﺗﻲ ﺃﻫﻞﹶ ﺑﻴﺘﻲ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺃﺣ‪‬ﺐ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﻪ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺃﻣﹺﺮ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻟﹶﹶﻘﺐ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﻤﻌﻨـﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺼﻮﻡ ‪‬ﻣﺨﹶﺼﹼﺺ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺼﻮﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻻﺛﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻭﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﻬﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﺠﻮﺯ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺇﻣﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺠﻤﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫـﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻲ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺩﻭ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ‪‬ﻳﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﻛﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻷﺻﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻻ ﻳ‪‬ﻌ‪‬ﻢ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺇﻧﻬﻢ ﻣ‪‬ﺒ‪‬ﻌﺚ ﺧﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺼﻮﻡ ﺧﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ‬ﻫﻢ ﻗﺪﻭﺓ ﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺳ‪‬ـﻲ ﺑﻬـﻢ ﻗـﺪﺭ ﺍﻹﻣﻜـﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜـﻦ ﻻ ﺗﺼـﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺑﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍ ‪‬ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻌﺼﻤﺔ ﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺳ‪‬ـﻲ ﺑﺄﻓﻌـﺎﻟﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﻋﻤـﺎﻟﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺧﻼﻗﻬﻢ ﻭﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﻭﻛ ﹼﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ‪‬ﻳﻤ‪ ‬ﹼﺖ ﻟﻬﻢ ﺑ ‪‬ﺼﻠﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﻧﺼﺮ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﻧﺼﺮﻫﻢ ﻭﺍﺧ ﹸﺬﻝ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﺬﻟﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻭ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﻧﺼﺒﻮﺍ ﻟﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌـﺪﺍﺀ ﻓـﻼ ﺗﺠﻌـﻞ ﻟﻬـﻢ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺩ‪‬ﻳـﺎﺭﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬـﻢ ﻭﺍﺷـﻐﻞ ﺍﻟﻈـﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻈﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ ﻭﺃﺧﺮﺟﻨﺎ ﻣ‪‬ـﻦ ﺑﻴـﻨﻬﻢ ﺳـﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ ﻏـﺎﻧﻤﻴﻦ ﺇﻧـﻚ ﻭﻟـ ‪‬ﻲ ﻛـﻞ ﻧﻌﻤـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﺘﻬﻰ ﻛ ﹼﻞ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﻼ ﺧﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻳﺪﻋﻲ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴـﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﺻـﻴﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺼﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻭﻫـﻮ ﻏﻴـﺮ ﻓـﺎﻫﻢ ﻷﺻـﻮﻝ ﺩﻳﻨـﻪ ﻭﻓﺮﻭﻋـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺎﺗﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻛﻮﻧـﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻄ‪‬ﺒﻘﻴﻦ ﻭﻟﻠﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﻓﺎﻫﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ ﻣﺼﺪﺍﻗﹰﺎ ﻟﺠ‪‬ﻨﹾﺪ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺇﻥ ﺷﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ‪.‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٦٨‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻛﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺭ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺧﻠﻘ ‪‬ﻪ ‪‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺁﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎ ﻧﺤﻦ‪ ‬ﹶﻧ ‪‬ﺼﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺁ ‪‬ﺧﺮ ﺃﺻﻞ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺃﻻ ﻭﻫﻮ )ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻌﺎﺩ(‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﻗﹸﻞﹾ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﻛ ﱠﻞ ﻧﻔ ﹴﺲ ﺫﺍﺋﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺕ ﻭﺳﹸﺘﻼﻗﻲ ‪‬ﺭﺑﻬﺎ ﺣﺘﻤﺎﹰ ‪‬ﻣﻘﻀ‪‬ﻴﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻳﻮﻡ ﻳ‪‬ﺒﻌﺚ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻣ‪‬ﺤﻜﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‪9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 /M :‬‬ ‫‪.(١)L:‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﺞ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٧‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٦٩‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻮ ﺃﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﹸﻧﻔﺼﹼﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻳﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺑ‪‬ﻌ ‪‬ﺚ ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻳﻮﻡ‪‬‬ ‫ﺣ‪‬ﺴﺎ ﹴﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﷲ ‪‬ﻳﺒﻌﺚﹸ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻮﺭ ﻭﻳﻨﺸﺮﻫﻢ ﻧﺸﺮﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﺛﻢ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪‬ﺣﺴﺎﺑ‪‬ﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺑﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄ‪‬ﻣﺎ ﻣ‪ ‬ﻦ ﹶﺧﻔﱠﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻳﻨﻪ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ‪‬ﺣﺴﺎﺑﻪ ﻋﺴﻴﺮﹰﺍ ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﺛﹶﻘﹸﻠﹶﺖ ﻣﻮﺍﺯﻳﻨﻪ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺣ‪‬ﺴﺎﺑﻪ ﻳﺴﻴﺮﹰﺍ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ihM :‬‬ ‫‪t s r q p o n m l kj‬‬ ‫‪.(١)L}|{zyxwvu‬‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻌﺎﺩ ﻫﻮ ﺃﺻﻞ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻟ‪‬ﺰﺍﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴـﻊ‬ ‫ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻳﺆﻣﻦ ﺑﻪ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﻖ ﺇﻳﻤﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻪ ‪‬ﻣﻘﻠﹼـﺪﹰﺍ ﺃﻭ ‪‬ﻣﺴـﺎﻳﺮﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﺑـﻞ ﻳﺠـﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻔﻬﻤﻪ ﺣ ‪‬ﻖ ﻓﻬﻤﻪ ﻭﻳ‪‬ﺪﻗﻖ ﻓﻴﻪ ‪‬ﺣﻖ ﺗـﺪﻗﻴﻖ‪ ،‬ﻓـﻼ ﻳ‪‬ﻤﻜ‪‬ـﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻭﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻣﺮﻭﺭﹰﺍ ﺳﺮﻳﻌﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻳﺠـﺐ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﻣـﺮﻭﺭﺍﹰ‬ ‫ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻛﻲ ﻧﻜﻮﻥ ﻣ ‪‬ﻤﻦ ﺗﻔﻘﱠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺩﻳﻨﻪ ﻭﻋﻘﻴﺪﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺧﻴـﺮ‪ ‬ﻓـﻲ ﺷـﺨﺺﹺ‬ ‫ﻳ‪ ‬ﺪﻋﻲ ﺃﹼﻧﻪ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﺻﻴﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﺼﺎﺭ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻭﻫـﻮ ﻏﻴـﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻫ‪‬ﻢ ﻷﺻـﻮﻟﻪ ﻭﻓﺮﻭﻋـﻪ ﻓـﺎﺗﻘﻮﺍ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻛﻮﻧـﻮﺍ ﻟﻠـﺪﻳﻦ ‪‬ﻣﻄ‪‬ﺒﻘـﻴﻦ ﻭﻟﻠﻌﻘﻴـﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻫﻤﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ ﻣ‪‬ﺼﺪﺍﻗﺎﹰ ﻟﺠ‪‬ﻨﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺷﺎﺀ ﺍﷲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳ‪‬ﺘﺪﺭﺍﻛﺎﹰ ﺃﻗـﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﻟﻌـ ﹼﻞ ﺍﻟـﺒﻌﺾ ﻳﻘـﻮﻝ ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ‪‬ﻣﻘﺘـﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺼـﺪﺭ ﻛﺜﻴـﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻌﺘﺐ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﻟﺠﻴﺶ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺪﻱ ﺃﻭ ﹸﻗﻞ ﻷﺗﺒﺎﻋﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻗﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺇﻧـﻲ ﺃﺧـﺎﻑ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٩ – ٨‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٧٠‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﹶﺘﻨﺎﺩ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺗﻮﻟﹼﻮﺍ ﻣ‪‬ﺪﺑﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻜﻢ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﷲ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﻭﻟﻲ‪ ‬ﻭﻻ ﻧﺼﻴﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻤ‪‬ﻦ ﺫﺍ ﻳﻨﻔﻌﻜﻢ ﻳﻮ ‪‬ﻡ ﻻ ﻳﻨﻔﻊ ﻣﺎﻝ ﻭﻻ ﺑﻨﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﻨﻔﻊ ﻛﻮﻧﻚ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺟﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺪﻱ ﺃﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻘﺮ‪‬ﺏ ﻟﻠﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭﻱ ﻭﻻ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺃﻱ‪ ‬ﺣﺰﺏ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓـﻼ ﻳﻨﻔـﻊ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﺎﻝ ﻭﻻ ﺻـﺪﻳﻖ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜـﻞﹼ ‪‬ﻳﹸﻔـﺮ ‪‬ﻣـﻦ ﺻـﺎﺣﺒﺘﻪ ﻭﺑﻨﻴـﻪ ﻭﻓﺼـﻴﻠﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﺘـﻲ‬ ‫ﺗـﺆﻭﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮ ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻳﺸﻔﻌﻮﻥ ﺇﻻ ﻟ‪ ‬ﻤﻦ ﺍﺭﺗﻀﻰ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺗﺘﺼﻮﺭ ﺃﻧﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﺎﻗﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺶ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﺣ‪ ‬ﹼﺼﻨﺖﹶ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺑﻞ ﻗﺪ ﺻﺮ ﹶﺕ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺣ‪‬ـﺮﹺﺝ‪،‬‬ ‫)) ﻓﻮﻗ ‪‬ﻚ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺗﺤﺘﻚ‪ ‬ﺟﻬﻨﻢ ((‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻗﹶ ﹼﻞ ﺯﻟـﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺧﻄـﺄ ﻫ‪‬ﻠﻜـﺖﹶ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻮﻧـﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻗـﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴـﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻃﺒ‪‬ﻘـﻮﺍ ﺃﺣﻜـﺎﻡ ﺍﷲ ﺣـ ‪‬ﻖ ﺗﻄﺒﻴـﻖ ﻭﻻ ﺗﺘﻜﺒـﺮﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻜﻢ ﺃﻧﺎﺱ ﺗﺄﻛﻠﻮﻥ ﻭﺗﻨﻄﻘﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻤﻸ ﻗﻠﻮﺑﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺍﺕ ﻭﺃﺗﻤﻨﻰ ﻟﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ ﺑﻌﻴﺪﻳﻦ ﻛﻞﹼ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﺒﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﻮﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺰﻭﺍﺕﹺﺑﻌﻮﻧﻪ‪‬‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﻔﻌﻚ ﻫﻮ ﻋﻤﻠـﻚ ﺍﻟﺼـﺎﻟﺢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺻـﻠ‪‬ﺢ ﻓـﻲ ﺃﻣـﻮﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻛﹼﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﺗﻌﺘﺪﻱ ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻻ ﻳ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ﺐ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﻌﺘﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻮﻧﻮﺍ ﻟﻠﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﻟﻠﻤﺬﻫﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻷﻫـﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ ﻭﻵﻝ ﺍﻟﺼـﺪﺭ ﺯﹶﻳﻨـﹰﺎ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻜﻮﻧـﻮﺍ ﺷﹶـﻴﻨﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﹶﻟﻌ‪‬ﻠﻜـﻢ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻬﺘﺪﻭﺍ ﺗﻜﻮﻧﻮﺍ ‪‬ﻫﺪﺍﺓ ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺷﺎ َﺀ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻫﺎﺩﻳﹰﺎ ﻓﻼ ‪‬ﻳﺒ‪‬ﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻋﻨـﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻲ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﺏ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﺑﺎﺑـﺎﹰ ﺍﻟـﻰ ‪‬ﻫـﺪﺍﻳﺘﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻻ ﻓﺈﹼﻧـﻚ ﺳـﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﻼﻟﺘﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻀﻞﱠ ﻣ‪‬ﻌﻬ‪‬ﻢ ﺃﺑﺪﹰﺍ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﻌﻮﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ ﺃﻻ ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺍﻷﺻـﻞ ﺍﻟﺨـﺎﻣﺲ‪،‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٧١‬‬ ‫ﻓﻨﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﻓﻮﺍﺋﺪﺍﹰ ‪‬ﺟﻤ‪‬ﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻲ ‪‬ﻣﹶﻘﺪ‪‬ﻣﺔ ﻷﻣـﺮﹴ ﺃﻫـﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻣـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻬﻲ‪ ،‬ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﺗﹶﺬﻛﹼﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩ ﻭﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ ‪‬ﻣﻘ ‪‬ﺪﻣﺘـﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭ ‪‬ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺕ ﻓـﻲ ‪‬ﺣـ ‪‬ﺪ ﺫﺍﺗـﻪ ‪‬ﻣﺴـﺘﺤﺐ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘـﺪ ﻭ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺩ‪) :‬ﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺫﻛـ ‪‬ﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺕ ﺃﻓﻀﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ(‪ ،‬ﻭﻭﺭ ‪‬ﺩ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ‪) :‬ﻟﻢ ﻳﻜﺜﺮ ﻋﺒﺪ ‪‬ﻣـﻦ ‪‬ﺫﻛـﺮ ﺍﻟﻤـﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ ﺯﻫــﺪ ﻓــﻲ ﺍﻟــﺪﻧﻴﺎ(‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﺎﻟﺘﻤ ‪‬ﺴــﻚ ﻓــﻲ ﺍﻟــﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﹺﺰﻳــﺪ ﻣ‪‬ــﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻜ‪‬ﺒــﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻧﻐﻤﺎﺱ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺷﻴﺌﹰﺎ ﻓﺸﻴﺌﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﺃﹶﻟﻢ ﺗﺴﻤﻊ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪43M :‬‬ ‫‪ ،(١)L<; : 98 7 6 5‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻈـــــــﺎﻟﻢ ﻻ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﻨﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺕ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣ‪‬ﺘﻤ ‪‬ﺴﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﻳﺨﺎﻑ ﺳﻮﺀ ﻋﺎﻗﺒﺘـﻪ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺃﻏﻔﻞﹶ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣ‪‬ﻄﻠﻘﹰﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺒﻌﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﺫ‪‬ﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺕ ﺻﺎﺭ‪ ‬ﻣﻘﺪﻣـﺔ ﻷﻣـﺮﹴ ﺃﻛﺒـﺮ ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺗـﺮﻙ ﺍﻟـﺪﻧﻴﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎﹰ ﺑﻌﺪ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺗﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﻧ‪‬ﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻣـﺮ ﻳﺮﺿـﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺟـﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﻼﻟﻪ ﻭﻋﻼ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ‪‬ﺫﻛـﺮ ﺍﻟﻤـﻮﺕ ‪‬ﻣﻘﺪﻣـﺔ ﻟﻄﺎﻋـﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺭﺿـﺎﻩ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭ‪‬ﻣﻦ‪ ‬ﻟﻢ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺕ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻣﻤﻦ ﺃﻋﻤﺖﹾ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻗﻠﺒـﻪ ﻗﺎﺳـﻴﺎﹰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ ﻛﺎﻟﺤﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻫﻮ ﺃﺷﺪ‪ ‬ﻗﺴﻮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺤﺠـﺎﺭﺓ ﻟﻤـﺎ ﻳﺘﻔ ‪‬ﺠـ ‪‬ﺮ ‪‬ﻣﻨﻬـﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻧﻬﺎﺭ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻔﻮﺗﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻄ ‪‬ﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺃﻣ ﹴﺮ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺁﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﻋﺪ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٩٥‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٧٢‬‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋـﻢ ﻣـﻊ ﺍﻟﻤـﻮﺕ ﻭﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﺴـﺎﻥ ﻓـﻲ ‪‬ﻣﻮ ‪‬ﻋـ ‪‬ﺪ ﺩﺍﺋـﻢ ﻣـﻊ ﺍﻟﺤ‪‬ﺴـﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺈ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﻷﻋﻤﺎﻟﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘـﺎﺏ ﺗﹸـﺪ‪‬ﻭ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴـﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺼـﻐﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ‪) :‬ﻣﺎ ﻟﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻻ ﻳﻐﺎﺩﺭ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻭﻻ ﺻﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﺇﻻ ﺃﺣﺼـﺎﻫﺎ(‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻓﺮﻍ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻚ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞﹼ ﺻـﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﻭﻛﺒﻴـﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻣﻸﻫـﺎ ﺑﻜـﻞﹼ ﺧﻴـ ﹴﺮ ﻭﺻـﻼﺡ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻤﻦ ﺃﻭﺗ ‪‬ﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﻤﻴﻨـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻭﻟﺌـﻚ ﻻ ﻳﻈﻠﻤـﻮﻥ ﻧﻘﻴـﺮﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻣـﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﹸﻨﺖﹶ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺸﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﺘﻜﻮﻥ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺩﻣﻴﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻘﻮﻝ‪) :‬ﻳﺎ ﻟﻴﺘﻨـﻲ ﻟـﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻭﺕﹶ ﻛﺘﺎﹺﺑ‪‬ﻴﻪ‪.(‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﻭﻻ ﺗﻨ ‪‬ﺲ ﻧﺼﻴﺒﻚ‪ ‬ﻣ‪ ‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺬﺍ ﻻ ﺇﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻـﺎﹰ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﺼ ‪‬ﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻋﺔ ﺃﻭ ‪‬ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺎﹰ ﻟﻸﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜـﻦ ﻳﺠـﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣ‪‬ﻼﺯﹺﻣﹰﺎ ﻟ‪‬ﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺤ‪‬ﺴﺎﺏ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻟﺬﻱ ‪‬ﻳﺤﺎ ‪‬ﺳﺐ ﻧﻔﺴـﻪ ﻟـﻴ ﹰﻼ ﻓﻴـﺬﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﺨﻴ‪‬ﺮﺓ ﻟﻴ‪‬ﺜﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﻳـﺬﻛﺮ ﺳـﻴﺌﺎﺗﻪ ﻟﹸﺘﻐﻔـ ‪‬ﺮ ﻟـﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻗﺼـﺪ‪ :‬ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳـﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴـﺎﺏ ﻋﻨـﺪ ﺍﻟﻤـﺆﻣﻦ ﻓـﻲ ﻛـ ﹼﻞ ﻟﺤﻈـﺔ ﻭﻓـﻲ ﻛـ ﹼﻞ ﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻤـﺎ ﻭ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺩ‪:‬‬ ‫)ﺇﻋﻤﻞ ﻟ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻧﻴﺎﻙ ﻛﺄﻧـﻚ ﺗﻌـﻴﺶ ﺃﺑـﺪﺍﹰ ﻭﺍﻋﻤـﻞ ﻵﺧﺮﺗ‪‬ـﻚ ﻛﺄﻧـﻚ ﺗﻤـﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﻏﺪﹰﺍ(‪ .‬ﻭﺍﻋﻠﻢ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺕﹶ ‪‬ﺣـﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻣﺤ‪‬ـﻴ ﹶﺺ ﻋ‪‬ﻨـ ‪‬ﻪ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻹﻃـﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺃﻟـﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺴــﻤﻊ ﻗﻮﻟــﻪ ﺗﻌــﺎﻟﻰ‪´ ³ ² ± ° ¯ ® ¬M :‬‬ ‫‪.(١)Lµ‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٧٨‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٧٣‬‬ ‫ﻓﻼ ﺗ ‪‬ﻚ ﻣﻤﻦ ﺣ‪‬ﺼﹼﻨﻮﺍ ﺃﻧﻔﺴـﻬﻢ ﻓـﻲ ﻗﺼـﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻈـﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻨـﺎﻃﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺮﺍﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺰﺭﻗﺎﺀ؟! ﺑﻞ ﻳﺪﺭ ﹸﻛ ‪‬ﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺕ ﺃﻳﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﻜـﻮﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﻭﻋـ ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺣﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻻ ‪‬ﻳﻔﺮ‪‬ﻕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﻖ ﻭﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ ‪ -‬ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ‪.-‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﺃﻳﻀـﹰﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨـﺎ ﺗﻘﺴـﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻤـﻮﺕ ﺇﻟـﻰ ﻗﺴـﻤﻴﻦ‪ :‬ﻣـﻮﺕ ﻣـﺎﺩ‪‬ﻱ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻮﺕ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻱ‪ .‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﻣﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺪ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻮ ﻣـﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﻷ‪‬ﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻮﺀ ﺗﺎﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻣﻮﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﺗﺎﺭﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺴﺎﻓﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺗ ‪‬ﻚ ﻣﻤﻦ ﺗﺴﺎﻓﻠﻮﺍ ﻭﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻦ ﺗﻜﺎﻣﻠﻮﺍ‪ ،‬ﻫـﺬﺍ ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻤـﻮﺕ ﻟـﻪ ﻋـﺪﺓ ﺗﻔﺴـﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻋﻠﻤﻴـﺔ ﻛﻤـﺎ ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻲ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ ﺃﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ ﺷﺌﺖ ﻓﺮﺍﺟﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻧﺆﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻫﻨـﺎﻙ ‪‬ﺟﹼﻨـﺔ ﻭﻧـﺎﺭﺍﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﻠﻘـﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻨـﺔ ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻠﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺸـﹺﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﻈـﺎﻟﻢ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻳﻤﻜـﻦ ﺍﻟﻘـﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﹼﻨﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﺼـﺎﻟﺢ ﻭﺇﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺭ ﻟﻠﻌﻤـﻞ ﺍﻟﻄـﺎﻟﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟـﺬﺍ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺗﻌـﺎﻟﻰ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ ،(١)Lih gfedcba`M‬ﻭﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎﹰ ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺃﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺑـﻞ ﻻ ﻳﺴـﺘﺜﻨﻰ ﺇﻻ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺼـﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﺧﻠﻄـﻮﺍ ﻋﻤـﻼﹰ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﻟﺤﺎﹰ ﻭﺁﺧﺮ ﺳﻴﺌﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴ‪‬ﻌﺎﻗﺒﻮﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴـﻲ‪‬ﺀ ﻭﻳﺜـﺎﺑﻮﺍ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺼـﺎﻟﺢ ﺑﻌﻮﻧـﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻳ‪‬ﻨﺎﻗﹶﺶ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟـﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ﻓـﻲ ﺍﻵﻳـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻣﺠـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟـﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺘﻬﺎ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﻳﻢ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٧١‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٧٤‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻮﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻌﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻛﻠﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺭ ‪‬ﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺧﻠﻘ ‪‬ﻪ ﻣ‪‬ﺤﻤﺪ‪ ‬ﻭﺁﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﺃﺟﻤﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎ ﻗﺪ ﻳ‪‬ﺮﹺﺩ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺨﻄﺮ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺍﻟﺒـﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻫـﻮ ﺍﻟﻔـﺮﻕ ﺑـﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻔـﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺻﻮﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺩ ﻭﺑﺎﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ‪ :‬ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﹺﻙ ﺃﻭ ﺟﺎﺣ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻷﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﺎﻓﺮﹰﺍ ﺇﻻ ﻣﺎ ﺧﹶﺮﺝ‪ ‬ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻭﻉ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﺎﺳﻘﹰﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈ ‪‬ﻥ ﹸﺃﺳﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﻘﻮﻡ‪ ‬ﺑﻪ )ﺃ ‪‬ﻱ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ( ﺧﻤﺴﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﺓ ﻭﺍﻹﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺬﻩ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﻭﻧﺤﻮﻫـﺎ ﻗـﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮ ﹸﺷﻖ‪ ‬ﻋ‪‬ﻦ ﻗﻠﺐﹴ ﻳ‪‬ـﺮ‪‬ﻯ ‪‬ﻭﺳ‪‬ـﻄﻪ ‪‬ﺳـﻄﺮﺍﻥ ﻗـﺪ ﹸﺧﻄﹼـﺎ ﺑـﻼ ﻛﺎﺗ‪‬ـ ﹺﺐ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٧٥‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌ‪‬ـﺪﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴـﺪ ﻓـﻲ ﺟﺎﹺﻧـ ﹴﺐ ﻭ ‪‬ﺣ ‪‬ﺐ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴـﺖ ﻓـﻲ ﺟﺎﻧـ ﹺﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻫـﺎ ﻧﺤـﻦ ﻗـﺪ ﺷـﺮﺣﻨﺎ ﺃﺭﺑﻌـﺔ ﻣﻨﻬـﺎ ﻓﺈﻧﻨـﺎ ﺍﻵﻥ ﻧﻌـﻮﺩ ﻷﻭﻟﻬـﺎ ﻭﻫـﻮ‬ ‫)ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ(‪:‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺪ ﺟﻌﻠﻨﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺗﻤﺔ ﻷﻫﻤﻴ‪‬ﺘﻪ ﺃﻭﻻﹰ ﻭﻟﻠﺘﺴﺎﻟﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﺇﻻ ﻫﻮ ﻭﻻ ﺃﺷﺮﻙ ﺑـﻪ ﺃﺣـﺪﹰﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟـﻪ ﺍﻷﺳـﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﺤﺴـﻨﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﻫﻨﺎ ﺑﺄﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟ‪‬ﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻳﺘﺄﻟﻒ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺷﹶﻘﹼﻴﻦ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ :‬ﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﷲ ﺟﻞﹼ ﻭﻋﻼ ﻭﺃﻧﻪ ﻫﻮ ﺍﷲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻻ ﺷﺮﻳ ‪‬ﻚ ﻟﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﺸ ‪‬ﻖ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻛﺎﻓﺮﹰﺍ ﻣ‪‬ﻠﺤﺪﺍﹰ ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﻟﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻖ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ‪‬ﻣﺸﹺﺮﻛﺎﹰ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴﺎﺫ ﺑﺎﷲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺋﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻗﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻓﻲ ‪‬ﻣﺤ ﹶﻜﻢ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ‪y xwv utsrM :‬‬ ‫‪.(١)L§ ¦¥¤£¢¡~}|{z‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺪﻻﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﺍ َﷲ ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﻗﺎﻝ‪('&%$#\"!M :‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٤٨‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٧٦‬‬ ‫) * ‪ ،(١)L/ . - , +‬ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪rM :‬‬ ‫‪| { zyxwvuts‬‬ ‫}~¡ ‪«ª©¨§¦¥¤ £ ¢‬‬ ‫¬ ®¯‪³ ² ± °‬‬ ‫´‪.(٢)L‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺪﻻﻝ ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺏ ﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﷲ ﺟ ﹼﻞ ﻭﻋﻼ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺬ ﹸﻛﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻔﺔ‪¹¸ ¶ µM :‬‬ ‫‪.(٣)LÀ ¿ ¾ ½ ¼» º‬‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺒﻌﺎﹰ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺪﻻﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻫﻮ ﺃﺣ‪‬ﺪ ﻣﺮﺍ ‪‬ﺣﻞ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺪﻻﻝ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‪‬‬ ‫ﻳ ‪‬ﺠ ‪‬ﺤﺪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺎﺩﹰﺓ ‪‬ﻳﺠﺤ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺟ‪‬ﺤ‪‬ﺪ‪‬ﻩ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺗﺜﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻹﻳﻤﺎﻥ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺑﻞ ﻻ ﺑ ‪‬ﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺪ‪‬ﻝ ﺑﺄﻣﻮﺭ ﻋﻘﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻛﻤﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻳ‪‬ﻘﺎﻝ ‪‬ﻣﻦ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻗﺒﻄﺎﻧﻴﻦ ﻟﻐﺮﻗﺖ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﻌﻠﻮﺍ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٢٥‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.١٥٨‬‬ ‫‪ -٣‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻐﺎﺑﻦ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪. ٨‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٧٧‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺨﺘﻠﻔﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪43210/.-, +*)('M :‬‬ ‫‪،(١)L@ ? > = <; : 9 8 7 6 5‬‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺬﺍ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪»º¹¸¶µ ´³ ² ±°M :‬‬ ‫¼ ½¾‪.(٢)L‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻜﻼﻡ ﻛﻼﻡ ﻋﻘﻠﻲ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻗﺮﺁﻧﻴﹰﺎ ﺑﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ‪‬ﻣﻀﺎﻓﺎﹰ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺨﹶﻠﻖ ﻳﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺧﺎﻟ‪‬ﻖ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺨﺎ‪‬ﻟﻖ‬ ‫‪‬ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻗﹰﺎ ﻻﺣﺘﺎ ‪‬ﺝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺧﺎﻟﻖﹴ ﺁﺧﺮ ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ‪ ،‬ﻭﻃﺒﻌﺎﹰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻠﺰﻡ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻃﻞ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﻓﻼ ‪‬ﺑﺪ‪ ‬ﻣ‪ ‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺧﺎ‪‬ﻟﻖ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻕ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺎﺗﻪ ﺟﻞ ﻭﻋﻼ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻹﺧﻼﺹ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﺃﺣﺐ ﺃﻥ‪‬‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻘﻞ ﻟﻜﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺭﺩ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻣﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻴﻦ )ﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ(‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻗﺎﻝ‪) :‬ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻣ‪‬ﻌﹺﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺣﻴﺪﻩ ﻭﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﺍﻹﺧﻼﺹ ﻟﻪ ﻭﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻹﺧﻼﺹ ﻟﻪ ﻧﻔﻲ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﻣﻨﻮﻥ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٩١‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٢٢‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٧٨‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ .....‬ﺇﻟﻰ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﺍﻹﺧﻼﺹ ﻫﻮ ﺩﺭﺟﺔ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻳﻘﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻋﻘﻴﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺍﻹﺧﻼﺹ‪ ،‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻧﻘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﻳ‪‬ﻌﺒ‪‬ﺪ ﺍﷲ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻏﻴﺮ ‪‬ﻣﺨﻠﺺ ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺨﻠﺺ ﺑﻌﺒﺎﺩﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻞﹼ ﻭﻋﻼ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‪on ml kj i hM :‬‬ ‫‪.(١)Lx w vuts rqp‬‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻴ ‪‬ﺲ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻬﻢ ﻫـﻮ ﺍﻹﻳﻤـﺎﻥ ﺑـﺎﷲ ﺳـﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌـﺎﻟﻰ ﺑـﻞ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﹺﻬـﻢ ﻛـﻞﹼ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﻬﻢ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻹﺧﻼﺹ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻳﻀﹰﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﻴﹶﺘﺪ‪‬ﺭ‪‬ﺝ‬ ‫ﺑـﺎﻹﺧﻼﺹ ﺣﺘـﻰ ﻳﻜـﻮﻥ ﻣ‪‬ﺨﹶﻠﺼـﺎﹰ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻨـﻪ ﻗﻮﻟـﻪ ﺗﻌـﺎﻟﻰ‪ß ÞM :‬‬ ‫‪.(٢)Lè ç æ å ä ã âá à‬‬ ‫ﺛـﻢ ﻻ ﻳﻔﻮﺗﻨـﺎ ﺃﻥ‪ ‬ﻧﹶﺘﻄـﺮ‪‬ﻕ ﺇﻟـﻰ ﺃﻣـ ﹴﺮ ‪‬ﻣﹺﻬـﻢ ﺁﺧـﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﻻ ﻭﻫـﻮ ﺗﻘﺴـﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙ ﺑﺎﷲ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﺴﻤﻴﻦ‪ :‬ﺷ‪‬ﺮﻙ ﺟ‪‬ﻠﻲ ﻭﺷ‪‬ﺮﻙ ﺧﻔﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃ ‪‬ﺣﺪ ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻔﻲ ﻫﻮ ﺍﹼﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ‪‬ﺷﺌﺖ ﻓﺮﺍ ﹺﺟﻊ ‪‬ﻛﺘـﺎﺏ ﻓﻘـﻪ ﺍﻷﺧـﻼﻕ ﻓﻔﻴـﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻐﻨﻴﻚ ‪‬ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴـﺮ‪ ،‬ﻫـﺬﺍ ﻣ‪‬ـﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴـﺔ ﻭ‪‬ﻣـﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴـﺔ ﺃﺧـﺮﻯ ﻓـﺈﻥ‪‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻨﺔ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٥‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﻳﻢ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٥١‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻴﺪ ﻣﻘﺘﺪى اﻟﺼﺪر )أﻋﺰه ﷲ( )‪(٧٩‬‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﻭﻳ‪‬ﻘﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙ ﻓﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻪ‪ ‬ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﹸﺃ ﹶﺧﺮ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﻟﺴﻨﺎ ﺑﹺﺼﹶﺪﺩ‬ ‫‪‬ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒـﺔ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺨﺘﹶﺼـﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓـﺈﻥ‪ ‬ﺫ‪‬ﻛـﺮ ﺍﻷﻗﺴـﺎﻡ ﻳﺤﺘـﺎﺝ ﺇﻟـﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺿﻴﺢ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺪ ﺗﺨ ‪‬ﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺒﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻓــﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳــﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻄــﺎﻑ ﺃﻧﻘــﻞ ﻟﻜــﻢ ﺑﻌﻀــﹰﺎ ﻣ‪‬ــﻦ ﻋﺒــﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺴــﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻟﺪ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ ﻓ‪‬ﻘﻪ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ‪‬ﻳﺨ ﹼﺺ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴـﺚﹸ ﻗـﺎﻝ‪)) :‬ﻣـﻦ‬ ‫‪‬ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﻞ ﻫﻮ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻃـﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻭ‪‬ﻳﻘﺎﹺﺑﻠﻪ‪ ‬ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻃﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﻫﻨﺎ ﻭ‪‬ﺭ ‪‬ﺩ ﻓـﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻌـﺾ ﺍﻷﺩﻋﻴـﺔ‪) :‬ﺭﺑـﻲ ﺇﻧـﻲ ﺃﻃﻌﹸﺘـﻚ‪ ‬ﻓـﻲ ﺃﺣـﺐ‪ ‬ﺍﻷﺷـﻴﺎﺀ ﺇﻟﻴـﻚ ﻭﻫـﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻢ ﺃﻋﺼ‪‬ﻚ‪ ‬ﻓﻲ ﺃﺑﻐﺾ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﺇﻟﻴﻚ ﻭﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻙ(()‪.(١‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺧﻴﺮﺍﹰ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ‪ :‬ﻻ ﺍﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻻ ﺷﺮﻳﻚ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﺃﻻ ﻟ ‪‬ﻪ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻚ ﻭﻟـﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺍﺟﻌﻠﻨﺎ ﻣ‪‬ﻦ ﺍﻟﻤ‪‬ﺨﻠ‪‬ﺼـﻴﻦ ﺍﻟ ‪‬ﻤﺨﹶﻠﺼـﻴﻦ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻭﺃ ‪‬ﻥ ﻧﹶﻌ‪‬ﺒﺪ‪ ‬ﺍﷲ ﺣ ‪‬ﻖ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺗﻪ ﻭﻧﺼﺒﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻠﻬـﻢ ﺇ ‪‬ﻥ ﻟـﻢ ﻧـ ‪‬ﻚ ﺃﻫـﻼﹰ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺗـﻚ ﻓﺄﻧـﺖﹶ ﺃﻫـﻞ ﻟﻠﻌﺒـﺎﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘـﺪ ﻗـﺎﻝ ﺗﻌـﺎﻟﻰ‪E D CM :‬‬ ‫‪.(٢)LH G F‬‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﺍﻟﺼﺪﺭ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻪ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﺹ‪.٣٩‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺬﺭﻳﺎﺕ‪ :‬ﺁﻳﺔ ‪.٥٦‬‬

‫أﺿﻮاء ﻋﲆ أﺻﻮل اﻟﺪﻳﻦ وﻓﺮوﻋﻪ‬ ‫)‪(٨٠‬‬ ‫‪‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪٣ ............................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼـﻼﺓ ‪٥ .....................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼـﻮﻡ‪١٢ ....................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺲ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﻛﺎﺓ ‪١٨ ........................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺞ ‪٢٤ .......................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬــﺎﺩ ‪٣٠ .................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻜﺮ‪٣٦ .............................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻟﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺒﺮﻱ‪٤١ ..........................................................‬‬ ‫‪٤٧.........................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻝ ‪٤٩ ......................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﺓ ‪٥٥ .......................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻣﺔ ‪٦٢ .....................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﻤ‪‬ﻌﺎﺩ ‪٦٨ ....................................................................‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ‪٧٤ ....................................................................‬‬