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STOOYLDIERTHE WORLD’S NO. 1 MAGAZINE FOR COLLECTORS OF ALL STRIPESWWW.TOY-SOLDIER.COM MODEL FIGURECOLONIAL FRONTIER RAIDW. Britain’s Indians in Warpaint Shriek War Whoops! FRUO.MS. KCWIANVGIANSLRXY$8.50/£4.95 IN THIS ISSUE: 03 • Salute to Shamus Wade • Canadians in the Great War • Machine Guns in Miniature • Zulu War • Legendary Sherlock Holmes • 18th Century British Royal Artillery • ECW Royalists & Roundheads9 771359 742033 • WWI Anzacs & German Aircraft • WWII Allied Flyboys • Japanese Navy Carriers Attack Pearl Harbor TOY SOLDIER:MARCH • Black Watch in Indian Mutiny • Crimean War British Hussar Kit • French Foreign LegionMARCH 2015 - ISSUE 202 FREE PULL-OUT CENTERFOLD POSTER!

WITH NEARLY 15,000 ITEMS ONLINE, WE’RE YOUR ONE-STOP TOY SOLDIER AND HOBBY SHOP! If your passion is collecting metal or plastic toy soldiers, building models and dioramas, painting miniatures or even trying your hand at wargames, our full-time staff is happy to help with any of your toy and hobby requests. Need help ask for Matt! “WE BUY AND SELL COLLECTIONS”Check out our Rare and Retired Section for hard to find items and search us on ebay seller name: mhobbunkerNow taking Pre-orders on the following future releases… FREE SHIPPING! On all orders $100 or more (domestic, until further notice)CONFEDERATE TEXAS US NAVY PILOT, 1916-18 GERMAN BRIGADE STANDING 1941-45 MEDIC CARRYING WOUNDED SOLDIER FIRING #2 13014 US$34 31237 US$34 23095 US$68AMERICAN CIVIL WAR WINTER HUT NO.1 1/30 AMERICAN CIVIL WAR 13 INCH MORTAR 1916-18 GERMAN 210MM HOWITZER AND SKU: 51039 US$115 AND 4 MAN CREW SKU: 31134 US $240 5 MAN CREW WITH ACCESSORIES 23054 US335 BE SURE TO CHECK OUT OUR FORUM! LIKE US ON FACEBOOKFOLLOW US ON TWITTER @HOBBYBUNKER



inside this edition 14 52 42FIGURE OF THE MONTH............................................. 5 toy soldier showcaseREADERS: FIRE BACK! .................................................. 6OPENING VOLLEY......................................................... 8 NEW METAL SHOWCASE................. 40SALUTE TO SHAMUS WADE....................................... 14 Editor Stuart A. Hessney delves into theCANADIANS IN THE GREAT WAR............................. 18 English Civil War, Woodland Indian raidersMACHINE GUNS IN MINIATURE............................... 28 along the frontier of Colonial America, theCENTERFOLD......................................................... 38-39 Indian Mutiny of 1857, the Zulu War, WorldLEGENDARY SHERLOCK HOLMES.......................... 52 War I Anzacs and German fighter planes, theBOOK REVIEWS........................................................... 66 Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, AlliedPRIZE EXERCISE.......................................................... 70 flyboys of World War II, and more.Win Old West U.S. cavalry troopersavailable exclusively from Kings X. KIT KORNER....................................... 58 Paul Newman builds and paints a modelCALENDAR.................................................................... 74 figure kit depicting a British hussar of the Crimean War. 48 28 18bringing you this issueStuart A. Hessney Alison Smith Kelly Johnson 14Sara Vix EDITOR DESIGN DIRECTOR SALES & MARKETING4 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

from the editorPUBLISHED MONTHLY BY: Welcome to TS&MF, the world’s No. 1 magazine for collectorsAshdown Ltd. of all stripes!PO Box 2258Pulborough, West Sussex I have enjoyed the challenge of finding and collecting figuresEngland, U.K. RH20 9BA and complete sets from the Nostalgia Models series for manyTel: 01903 884988 years. The Irishman behind the brand, Shamus Wade, launched Fax: 01903 885514 the glossy range in 1974. His goal was to re-create as many asUS OFFICE: possible of the forces recruited locally throughout the BritishAshdown Inc. Empire. The painstakingly realized results were historically68132 250th Ave. accurate, delightfully diverse and incredibly colorful figures.Kasson, MN 55944Toll-Free: 1-866-606-6587 Sadly, Mr. Wade passed away at age 86 in England Aug. 13,Fax: (507) 634-7691 2014. His death has prompted a personal and touching tribute penned by hobby expert and author James Opie. It’s a fitting salute to the pioneering toywww.toy-soldier.com soldier dealer and maker.EDITOR: This month TS&MF’s continuing commemoration of World War I’s 100th anniversaryStuart A. Hessney features a notable contribution from Canadian Scott J. Dummitt. He examines how [email protected] Great War affected his country both on the front line and on the home front.SALES & MARKETING:Sara Vix Scott’s fascinating and informative account spotlights the conflict’s impact on [email protected] Canada, minorities and women. His article is illustrated with both period photos andDESIGN: military miniatures. The crowning touch is how Scott has researched and recounted whatAlison Smith happened to some people from his own corner of Canada during the war.CONTRIBUTORS:Gage Bell, Doug Dearth, Paul Garson is back in the fold with an essay titled “Machine Guns in Miniature.” HeScott J. Dummitt, Paul Garson, documents how the development of automatic weaponry changed the face of warfare, historyJames H. Hillestad, Paul Newman, and toy soldier collecting.James Opie and Leo Winston Paul points out how machine gun imagery left an “indelible cultural impression reflectedSUBSCRIPTION MANAGERS: in the production of old and new toy soldiers.” Fellow collectors should be well aware thatU.S.: Kelly Johnson/ although miniature machine gunners made of metal, plastic or composition are miniature in [email protected] size, some continue to attract maximum interest and premium prices.U.K.: [email protected] SUBSCRIPTION RATES: The Toy Soldier Museum’s James H. Hillestad looks up a literary icon in “The LegendaryU.K.: £59.99 Sherlock Holmes.” The fictional detective is apparently no mystery to Jim. The toy figureU.S.: $109.99 sleuth profiles the character’s creator, Scottish novelist Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Jim has alsoCanada: $125.99 rounded up a lineup of arresting collectibles that warrant further investigation.Europe: €87.99Rest of World: $134.99 Jim notes there are societies whose members dissect, analyze and eulogize Holmes.MARCH 2015 Sometimes they find themselves believing that Sherlock actually existed, according to thePostmaster: Send address corrections writer. Jim deduces why the detective enjoys such enduring multimedia popularity in print,to Toy Soldier & Model Figure, in movies and television shows, and in miniature.Ashdown Inc., 68132 250th Ave.Kasson, MN 55944 2nd Class Postage As usual, there’s lots more in store in this edition, so please start turning the pages, enjoyPaid. Canada Post International and, as always, happy collecting!Publications Mail - Sales AgreementNo. 546038. All rights reserved. Stuart A. Hessney, editorReproduction in whole or partwithout the written permission of the figure of the monthpublisher is prohibited. All editorialcontributions in the form of articles, This was one of those months when it was toughletters and photographs (b/w or to single something out due to an embarrassmentcolour print or transparencies) are of riches. For example, King & Country Ltd. haswelcomed by Toy Soldier but cannot added a figure of King Charles I – complete withbe returned unless accompanied by head – to its blossoming English Civil War range.a stamped addressed envelope. All A touching new World War II vignette frommaterial submitted to the magazine is W. Britain portrays a British Royal Air Force pilotaccepted on the basis that copyright presenting a Spitfire model to an overjoyed youngin the work will be vested in the lad. Tradition of London Ltd. has unveiled BlackPublisher who assumes all rights Watch Highlanders in action during the Indianworld-wide, in all forms and media. Mutiny of 1857, and the list goes on. After longIn any event the publisher can hours of dedicated deliberation, I have decided toaccept no responsibility for loss honor W. Britain for a new “Clash of Empires”or damage to contributions. set depicting an Eastern Woodland Indian hurdling a wooden fence during a frontier raid.© The athletic warrior is posed in mid-air with only one hand touching the top of the fence in this brilliantly balanced 18th-century composition. TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 5

FIRE BACK! n The place where you canYOUR LETTERS sound off about your views about SOUND OFF ABOUT THE HOBBY OR MAGAZINE anything to do with this hobby, or this magazine.READER RECOUNTS SAGA OF WWI POET’S MEDALS LESTTTAERRDear Editor: I urged the institution’s staff to obtain the medals and payThank you for the opportunity to approval to bid for both sets of medals their respects Lt.obtain for my Britains collection as they, although common medals, were Col. John McCraeTS&MF’s poignant figure of Lt. Col named to our famous doctor/soldier/ (and substantially increaseJohn McCrae, M.D., composing his poet and his father. Since the CWM attendance at the museum). Formost famous World War I poem “In had limited acquisition funds, apparently some reason, the museum choose notFlanders Fields.” The Internet provides the museum hoped that if a foreigner to do so. I am sure that the McCraedozens of references to this famous purchased them, the Canadian Cultural House would have granted permissionCanadian doctor, soldier, poet and Heritage Department would intervene as did not the CWM help them inhumanitarian. However, I have some and come up with the funds to obtain the the past? I found out very quickly thatpersonal information on the story of medals to keep them in Canada. once you leave an organization, yourhow his set of medals ended up in The McCrae House had the late Eugene influence is almost nil since you are nothe possession of the McCrae House Ursual, Canada’s leading professional longer in the decision-making group.museum in his birthplace in Goderich, militaria dealer, represent them with Where were the medals duringOnt., in October 1997.  authority to bid up to $100,000. The all those intervening years since theI was chief curator of collections competition was fierce among collectors. poet died in 1918? Apparently a veryat the Canadian War Museum To everyone’s surprise, the winning bid elderly lady who was a member of the(CWM) in Ottawa, Ont., from 1974 to amounting to $500,000 was made by McCrae family died in Winnipeg,1992, following my 24 years of service Arthur Lee, a 44-year-old Chinese- Man., and a military friend lookedin the Royal Canadian Air Force. The Canadian businessman in Toronto. This after the disposal of her belongings.CWM received a request from the gentleman apparently did not know who The person was concerned about theMcCrae House in the early 1980s to John McCrae was, but he loved the poem medals and retained them.obtain a replica set of its namesake’s and its significance to Canada. After his death, someone obtainedfour medals for display. They included Shamefully, the CWM had no one them, realized to whom they werethe Edward VII Boer War Medal and at the auction to represent them in the named and thus put them up forhis three WWI medals: 1915-18 War bidding. auction. This person certainly hitMedal, British WWI War Medal and Lee was not a collector, so he said at the jackpot! Unfortunately, thisBritish WWI Victory Medal. The the time, “What will I do now with this happens quite often when an elderlyMcCrae family had no idea where his set of medals?” person dies and their belongings aremedals were. The CWM provided Fortunately for the McCrae House, its dispersed.McCrae House with four unnamed curator was there. He introduced himselfmedals with the requirement that an to Lee and told him of the museum, whichinscription must be placed with them is a National Historic Site of Canada. Leestating that they only represented the immediately offered the medals to theones awarded to our illustrious poet.  museum. The TS&MF premium In mid-summer of 1997, the Lee later mused, “I guess I will be figure portraying Lt. Col. John McCrae,authentic medals of McCrae and those brown-bagging it for some time now.” the WWI physician/of his father, who was also a Canadian About a year later, Canadian Prime poet from Canada,Army lieutenant colonel, appeared was created by Tedfor auction in Toronto. The presale Minister Jean Chrétien presented Lee Deddens of Tedtoyestimated price for the physician/poet’s with the prestigious Meritorious Service Miniatures.medals was $30,000 Canadian. The end Medal for retaining the McCrae medals for the nation.result was a price of $400,000, plus a Since the McCrae House had no safegovernment sales tax which, according security for such high-profile artifacts,to the press, finally amounted to the medals were stored in the CWM. All$500,000. His father’s medals were sold this happened just before Remembranceseparately. What a shame! Day in 1997. My suggestion to the CWMWhen this event occurred, I was was to put them on display immediatelyretired from the CWM. However, so that the Canadian public could see6 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

It is shameful that the CWM I look forward to the receipt of my of all for sharing this intriguing story.dedicated to the preservation of painted copy of this lovely subscription Readers might be interested to know thatCanadian military history let this icon of premium figure, as I do for each issue of in addition to having served as chiefour country’s military history slip away your magazine. It is great that I now have curator of collections at the Canadian Warfrom its own collection. Ironically, 24 more copies scheduled to arrive on my Museum, retired Maj. Malott is a pastcurrently at the CWM in a special office desk. executive director of the Organizationexhibit titled “Fighting in Flanders: Gas, of Military Museums of Canada. WhileMud, Memory” are McCrae’s medals Richard K. Malott working at the CWM, he built up aand an original a copy of his poem. Ottawa, Ont. collection of 5,000 toy soldiers by various Canada  makers. They included a large selection of I am now age 87 and I hope my marvelous sets produced by Shamus O.D.memory has not failed me on the above The Editor Responds: Thanks for the kind Wade of Nostalgia Models, who died Aug.data. Your excellent “In Flanders Fields” words about my article and the McCrae 13, 2014. A tribute to Mr. Wade appearsarticle in TS&MF issue 199 provides figure, your continued support of TS&MF elsewhere in this same edition.all the details on McCrae. by renewing your subscription, and mostD-DAY ARTICLE TRIGGERS LOCAL LIBRARY DISPLAYDear Editor:This is a followup to my TS&MF issue197 “Countdown to D-Day” article abouta World War II diorama created by MikeMcBrine. After learning that the dioramawas featured in your magazine, Mike’slocal library in Kingston, Mass., USA,asked him to put it on display there. It wasa great way to share history and our hobbywith a broader audience. Jim Mannion Scituate, Mass., USAThe library displays shows how Mike McBrine’s WWII Mike McBrine’s D-Day diorama on display at his local library.diorama was featured in TS&MF.CONTACT US GET WRITING!We welcome readers’ Fire Back! Win a prize by sending in a letter on anything concerning the toy soldierfeedback via e-mail at stuart@ and model figure hobby. Each month a special surprise gift will beashdown.co.uk. In addition, letters awarded to the Star Letter writer!can be mailed to Fire Back!,TS&MF, Ashdown Ltd., PO Box TS&MF ON FACEBOOK, TWITTER2258, Pulborough, West Sussex,England, U.K. RH20 9BA. Letters Have you got something to say to the hobby world and you want to say it now?!?can also be sent via fax to (507) Then use your computer mouse to click your way to Toy Soldier & Model Figure634-7691 or mail to Fire Back!, Editor Stuart A. Hessney’s Facebook page and become a “friend” of the magazine.TS&MF, Ashdown Inc., 68132 250th Enthusiasts can debate views, share hobby tips, spread news, post photos, help eachAve., Kasson, MN, USA 55944. All other identify figures, and more. It’s your forum for fun! Also readers can now followcorrespondence must include your full TS&MF on Twitter as we strive to keep collectors around thename, address and daytime telephone globe informed and connected.number in case verification is needed.Letters may be edited for length orclarity. Anonymous letters will not beconsidered for publication. TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 7

VOOPELNLEIYNG n Editor Stuart A. Hessney and LATEST NEWS FROM THE TOY SOLDIER HOBBY his worldwide team of intrepid correspondents track down the latest news and notes of interest to toy soldier and model figure enthusiasts.W. BRITAIN ISSUES CATALOG, BECOMES TROIANI ARTWORK DISTRIBUTORNow that you’ve poured yourself a wee highly realistic and accurate historical figures marking the 150th anniversarydram of your preferred libation and settled and military paintings, primarily of the of the ACW’s final year. Looking aheadinto a comfy chair to read your favorite American Revolutionary and Civil Wars. to 2015’s 200th anniversary of themagazine, I have some good news and Hobbyists can look forward to figures Battle of Waterloo, the manufacturer isbad news that might make my fellow based on Troiani’s artwork too. reinforcing its green-clad British 95thcollectors moan in both pleasure and pain. Rifles. A half-dozen marines and naval The bad news is that dealers and astute personnel representing both sides of The good news is that W. Britain collectors will notice prices have risen. the pond are joining the “Jack Tars &has taken the wraps off some very cool Leathernecks” collection.collectibles in its 2014 Winter Catalogue. “I have done everything I can to keep the prices in line, but it is an absolute Reviews elsewhere in this edition In addition, General Manager and necessity,” Ken commented. “You already spotlight 18th-century Woodland IndianCreative Director Kenneth A. Osen know where everyone else is at with frontier raiders being added to thehas pulled off a coup by arranging for pricing and we use some of the same “Clash of Empires” range, Anglo-ZuluW. Britain to become the exclusive, manufacturers.” War combatants and World War IIworldwide distributor of limited edition Allied airmen at leisure.prints featuring the artwork of Don He added, “With the quality of figuresTroiani. He is widely acclaimed for his we are producing, no one should be All of the aforementioned 58 to 60- mm items are painted in matt finishes. surprised at anything Strikingly, there’s nothing new in the other than why ours traditional 54-mm gloss style with which are not priced exactly the W. Britain brand name became where other brands are synonymous with toy soldiers after already.” beginning production in England 122 years ago. Highlights of the new offerings include --Stuart A. Hessney a splendid World War I German 210-mm W. Britain howitzer with a has become five-man crew and the exclusive accessories pictured distributor on the catalog’s cover. for acclaimed W. Britain is also painter Don commemorating the Troinai’s prints. Pictured is the Great War centenary “1st United with various States Rifle German and British Regiment, infantry, including 1812.” a Tommy pushing a bicycle. Get In Touch The W. Britain Confederacy’s Ken Osen Texas Brigade Phone: 563-690-1259 and the Union’s Email: [email protected] Iron Brigade have Web: www.wbritain.com inspired new The latest catalog’s cover features a WWI German howitzer and crew in action.8 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

THE STANDARD COVERS GREAT WAR AND LOTS MOREThe 1914 Christmas truce and other General Manager and Creative Director The Standard’s latest cover heralds itsWorld War I storylines are featured in the Kenneth A. Osen specially customized Great War centenary-related coverage.November 2014 edition of The Standard, figures to create the wading effect.the quarterly journal of the W. Britain either bombardier, fusilier, guardsman,Collectors Club. R.E. Scollick and his son, W. Britain rifleman or trooper, depending on the unit. sculptor Graham Scollick, both served Colin Romanick covers the in the Royal Marines. The father shares Other topics covered include autumnspontaneous ceasefire that rippled along his experiences in “A Royal Marine hobby events in Williamsburg, Va., andthe Western Front a century ago. He Remembers: The HMS Vanguard 1944- Birmingham, England.also recounts an American artilleryman’s 1960.” The son has used his dad as aservice during 1918 in an article titled model to sculpt a circa 1958 Royal Marine --Stuart A. Hessney“Hurley Thacker’s Great War.” bugler. It’s one of the latest additions to the toy soldier company’s “Jack Tars & The heroic stand made by British Leathernecks” series.gunners of L Battery, Royal HorseArtillery, at Nery Sept. 1, 1914; a drawing Osen’s “Tips From the Bench” columnby Fortunino Matania; and how they wraps up the DIY chronicle of how heinspired a toy soldier set is explored by converted an old Britains Foot GuardColin Luxford. into a sergeant of the Royal Welch Fusiliers of 1833. “Bringing the Twinkle Back to Kids’Eyes” is James Delson’s nostalgic nod to Elsewhere, The Standard notes that theold Britains plastics combined with a look Canadian Army is marching into its pastat the latest types’ matt paint styles and by reviving some military traditions. Forpackaging. example, the maple leaf designation on the shoulder boards of officers is going to be James H. Hillestad marks the replaced with traditional pips and crowns.sesquicentennial of the American Civil War’s NCO ranks will be returned to theirlast major battle at Sailor’s Creek in Virginia original British Army and CommonwealthApril 6, 1865. He has created a diorama of designations. The rank of private will bethe clash that includes Federal assault troops virtually eliminated and replaced withwading across the shallow creek. W. BritainKING OPENS NETHERLANDS NATIONAL MILITARY MUSUEMKing Willem Alexander opened the “The NMM takes visitors on a journey The new museum is a transparentNational Military Museum (NMM) at through the world of the armed forces and building with glass walls. It is intendedthe former Soesterberg airbase in the tells personal and gripping stories by soldiers, to link the collection’s military heritageNetherlands Dec. 11, 2014. airmen and veterans,” a spokesman stated. with the landscape and history of the surrounding area. The specially designed The museum is dedicated to showing The NMM brings together the structure has a floor area of 35,000 squarethe significance of the country’s armed collections of the former Army Museum meters and an enormous roof.forces to society in the past, present and in Delft and Military Aviation Museum infuture. Soesterberg. Six themed rooms demonstrate how Dutch armed forces are interwoven with the nation’s history. The numerous large objects on display include airplanes, helicopters, tanks and other armored vehicles. The NMM’s doors were opened to the public for the first time in a special festive weekend Dec. 13-14. --Leo WinstonNumerous large objects are displayed in the new Dutch military museum, including aircraft that look like they’re in a Cartoon by Doug Dearthdogfight. (Photos Courtesy of the NMM) TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 9

www.tomgunN.co.uk • email: [email protected] New Halberstadt with Sentry Figure New Immelmann Eindecker with Pilot FigureWW1 French Carrier JapanesePigeon Set Marine Rifleman FJ Officer North AfricaAvailable direct from us and from all good quality toy soldier stockists throughout the world.1s/c3a0lteh Thomas Gunn Miniatures, 67 Market Place, Warminster, BA12 9AZ, UK 1s/3c0atlhe Phone: 0044 1985 219472 - Fax: 0044 1985 216105 Peter Nathan Toy Soldiers We offer the widest variety of elite military miniatures, toy soldiers and diorama accessories available for your visual hobby. Peter Nathan Toy Soldiers has been in business over 20 years and all the products displayed in our new store are available online. Shop 18, level 2, Queen Victoria Building, 455 George Street, Sydney, Australia. Tel: (+612) 9267 5591 Email: [email protected] Website: www.toysoldiers.com.au Store Hours Mon, Tue, Wed, Fri, Sat: 10am to 6pm Thu 10am to 9pm, Sun 11am to 5pm10 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE



Photo by C. Codina W20e15s2t6ctoh aAnsntuearl Toy Soldier Show Sunday, March 8th 9 a.m. - 3 p.m. Irvine Marriot Hotel Featuring Antique Britains, Dimestore, Composition & Plastic, Military & Civilian Figures and Sets. An international gathering of leading Manufacturers, Dealers and Collectors For Table Information Irvine Marriot Hotel Phone (760) 758-5481 18000 Von Karman Avenue tdotishpapruclubatlyiSrivscoFa,iorittcnemuyoertmsTdrh!heaoeuyosh.rmesoOedtpteaehlyne Irvine, CA 92612 Admission $6 Close to Orange Under 12 is Free County Airport Mention this ad for $1 off 1-800-228-9290 (2 person max) Hotel Direct (949) 553-0110 TOY SOLDIER SHOPPE “FIRST LEGION’S IRON BRIGADE”STORE HOURS: King & Country • WBritainTuesday – Friday Little Legion • John Jenkins Design10am – 5pm Alexander Toy Soldier • First LegionSaturday Black Hawk and others.10am – 4pmClosed: www.toysoldiershoppe.netSun & Mon COME VISIT OUR STORE! 3775 S. 108th St., Greenfield, WI 53228 (414)302-1850 [email protected] TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

First Legion’s Zulu Warriors. Sierra Toy Soldier Company “New! Britain’s Zulu War - BR20162 - Up Close and Personal - British 24th Foot & Zulu Warrior Hand-to-Hand Set - Limited Edition of 350 Sierra Toy Soldier Company Exclusive!”I’m proud to announce that I am now carrying Cold Steel Miniatures Currently carrying the following lines Visit Our store, In person Or Online • King & Country • First Legion • W. Britains • Figarti • Del Prado For The Largest Selection Of Toy Soldiers! • Thomas Gunn Miniatures • John Jenkins Designs • JG Miniatures• Collectors Showcase • Kronprinz • Frontline • Cold Steel Miniatures 29 N. Santa Cruz Avenue, Los Gatos, CA 95030 35 Pilgrim Village Road, Unit 902, Taunton MA 02780 Toll Free (866) 869-7653 International (408) 395-3000 tel: 617-462-5431 email: [email protected] Fax (408) 395-3006 www.sierratoysoldier.com A Toy Soldier Shop and Military GalleryWhen visiting Florida make sure you stop by our new location! Just minutes from the I-95 and I-10 juncture.Exclusive figures made just for Troops of Time by John Jenkins PLUS King & Country • First Legion • Thomas Gunn • W. Britain...and a host of others!Follow us on Twitter Like us on Facebook SHOP OPENING HOURS:Monday - Friday 10:30am - 5:30pm / Saturday 11am - 4pm 2000 Forbes St, Jacksonville, Florida 32204Toll Free: 1-866-601-8192 • [email protected] www.troopsoftime.com TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 13

ObituaryShamus Wade SaluteJames Opie pens a personal and touching tribute to the late Shamus Wade (1928-2014),an Irishman who became the world’s leading dealer in toy soldiers and the driving forcebehind Nostalgia Models Text: James Opie Photos: Editor Stuart A. Hessney and BMSSS hamus Otway Davenport Wade’s he lived in Holland Park. In those days, ABOVE: Shamus Wade’s mail-order fliers listed old father was Maj. Roland Wade of the he knew a lot more than I did about toy toy soldiers and Nostalgia figures available for sale. Inniskilling Dragoons, and he served in soldiers, and, for instance, could tell a plug Photos and detailed descriptions highlighted Nostalgiathe Royal Engineers in Malaya, so he had an shoulder Scots Grey where I could not. sets such as N370 — “Personalities of the Madrasimpeccable pedigree for what was to come. Artillery c.1850.” When brand new, it could be yours In 1964, Shamus’ career as an advertising for £22.43. It wasn’t long after starting seriously to copywriter took him (back) to Dublin. Incollect toy soldiers that Shamus set up shop 1966, however, he took a brave decision to his immortal description of Britains 1960sin his spare time as a dealer. From 1962 devote himself to toy soldier dealing full window boxes as “cellophane-frontedto 1964, every Saturday, Shamus was in a time. As Dublin had far fewer of the world’s monstrosities.” Any collector who has triedminuscule but prominent corner of a gallery toy soldier collectors passing through than to undo one and put it together again intactat the roadside of London’s Portobello Road. the Portobello Road, Shamus built up his will know exactly what he meant. dealing activities with postal lists.These were It was there that, as an impecunious the years when he became famous for oldteenager, I started collecting much of my toy soldiers on a worldwide scale. It was also“Highland Square” of Camerons from when he had a large hand in developing thethe threepenny bargain box that he kept Irish Model Soldier Society.underneath his chair. For me, PortobelloRoad has never been quite the same since He was no stranger to London, however,he left, in spite of the undoubted glories particularly when the series of specialistof Shamus’ successors, Peter Flateau and toy soldier auctions was started by RichardAndy Morant. Lane, first at Knight Frank and Rutley, then swiftly moving to Phillips, Son and Neale. Shamus was one of the knowledgeable Shamus was one of the most prominentpeople who encouraged me to widen my people there, sitting near the front andcollecting field from plastic and embrace dominating proceedings when bidding byBritish toy soldiers right back to 1893. I keeping his hand up until others had fallenremember riding pillion on his scooter when by the wayside or the price had “gone silly.”I was invited to see his collection when He was notoriously nonchalant aboutBELOW RIGHT: Figures from Nostalgia set N370 packaging, much preferring, in the early– “Personalities of the Madras Artillery c.1850.” days, not to keep the boxes, including on the occasion when he trashed an old BritainsBELOW: Shamus Wade receives a BMSS trophy. set No. 131 after an auction in Sussex. One(Photo Courtesy of the BMSS) of his legacies to toy soldier collecting is14 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

ObituaryABOVE: Canadian-themed figures from Nostalgiaincluded sets N410 — Quebec Militia, 1775; N165 —Quartermaster William Hall, VC, Royal Navy, and theChebucto Greys Nova Scotia Militia, 1862; and N294— Governor General’s Bodyguard, 1895 (from left).RIGHT: Nostalgia set N135 — Bikanir Ganga RislaCamel Corps, 1897. When the Wades returned to Englandfrom Ireland in 1973, they moved intoa “temporary” home in Acton. But oncethe backyard had become a sanctuary forgarden gnomes, it became obvious thatthey were there to stay. This haven had tobe stoutly defended from all the mail-order customers, who had never cometo Ireland but often arrived in London,sometimes, it seemed, for the sole purposeof imposing themselves and disrupting thesmooth flow of the business. One of the most attractive featuresof Shamus as a dealer was his completeintegrity. The most difficult aspect oftrading in toy soldiers is discerning whena figure was repaired or retouched. He wasutterly honest about describing or rejectinganything that he thought was not original,and from this became totally trusted byevery customer on his worldwide list ofcorrespondents. The series of “New Toy Soldiers” forwhich Shamus was to become famous wasstarted in 1974, commissioned from Jan andFrank Scroby.The objective of his NostalgiaModels series was to re-create in miniatureas many as possible of the forces recruitedlocally from the quarter of the world’spopulation that belonged to the BritishEmpire.The Scrobys complained bitterly TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 15

ObituaryABOVE: Various West India Regiment contingents by Nostalgia Models.that Shamus was a hard taskmaster. But he field of research. For the last decades of Editor’s Note: Shamus O.D. Wade wasinsisted that every detail of the uniforms that his life he tracked down source material born April 22, 1928, and died Aug. 13,he had so painstakingly researched should be for what he hoped to become a series of 2014. This tribute originally appearedincluded in the models. books detailing the thousands of military in the British Model Soldier Society’s and policing units that kept the Empire journal: The Bulletin, No. 4 of 2014. It Shamus’ lists, which had always been functioning so well. has been reprinted here thanks to graciousnot only erudite but educational, pointing consideration and assistance from BMSSout things that particularly took his own As a collector, he found himself able to Editor John Regan.fancy, now expanded into a periodical complete an excellent and satisfying arraytreatise on the more obscure fighting well before prices became too exorbitant. about the writerforces of the Empire. His tastes were wide, encompassing Britains, Hill, Heyde and Ping, among many others. James Opie was editor of the Military The Nostalgia series became one of the When, two years ago, he felt that the time and Aviation Book Society and othermost renowned of the toy soldier collector had finally come to pass his favorites on book clubs for more than 25 yearsscene, and was certainly the best focused. until his retirement. The Englishman is widely recognized as one of the“The series of ‘New Toy Soldiers’ for which Shamus was to become world’s foremost experts on toyfamous was started in 1974, commissioned from Jan and Frank soldiers. The lifelong collector joinedScroby. The objective of his Nostalgia Models series was to re-create the British Model Soldier Societyin miniature as many as possible of the forces recruited locally from at the minimum age of 18. With thethe quarter of the world’s population that belonged to the British exception of casting, he has engaged inEmpire. The Scrobys complained bitterly that Shamus was a hard virtually every hobby-related activity,taskmaster. But he insisted that every detail of the uniforms that he from converting figures to wargaming,had so painstakingly researched should be included in the models.” commissioning models and mounting public exhibits. James has cataloguedToday, it is enjoying a considerable revival through auction, he had the satisfaction that toy soldiers for more than three decadesin popularity as collectors discover the many other collectors valued his figures as while working as a consultant to leadingchallenge of putting together one of the highly as he had. His custodianship of many auction houses. He has researched65 or so complete sets ever issued. The of them had lasted for half a century. and written eight books on the subject,number issued of each unit modeled including “Britains Toy Soldiersvaried considerably, as Shamus used a true At the British Model Soldier Society, 1893-1932,”“British Toy Soldierslimited edition system of taking orders Shamus was a frequent attendee at 1893 to the Present,”“Collecting Toyin advance and having only that number monthly London meetings, and always Soldiers,”“The Great Book of Britains”manufactured, after which the molds were enjoyed an exchange of opinions. There and most recently “Collecting Toydestroyed. are none who would dispute that Shamus Soldiers in the 21st Century.” was an outstanding contributor to the In 1989, Shamus inaugurated the enjoyment of military toys and models,Commonwealth Forces History Trust, living on for us as the larger than lifethe better to pursue his most preferred character that he always was. n16 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

Specializing in Mint Condition Rare & Retired sets! Buying, Selling and occasional Trading. For all of the latest follow us on Facebook and Twitter! FREE LAYAWAY • Up to 30 day layaway with no down payment • Up to 60 day layaway with 20% down • Up to 90 day layaway to 30% downIn Store Viewings and Sales by Appointment Only. Featured Dealers Include King & Country, Collectors Showcase, John Jenkins, First Legion, Figarti, Conte, Honour Bound and many more. www.rodneysdimestoregallery.com Email: [email protected] • Phone: 850-932-6522 2937 Rosa Del Villa Dr  Gulf Breeze, FL 32563

Great War CentenaryCanadians in Circa 1914the Great War British officerScott J. Dummitt assesses how World War I affected Canada firing his pistolboth on the home front and on the front line by King & Country Ltd.Text: Scott J. Dummitt  Photos: Scott J. Dummitt and Others 8 million people, of which approximatelyIwas recently asked to give a lecture at CANADA MOBILIZES 1.5 to 2 million were males of military the Royal Canadian Legion Post in age, Canada mobilized more than 616,000 Millbrook, Ont., to members of the When WWI broke out in 1914, Canada men and women. Canada eventuallyvillage’s Historical Society and other had only been a nation on its own for fielded five divisions, four of which servedinterested individuals on how World War 47 years. in the trenches along the Western Front.I impacted rural Canada, minorities The other Canadian division was trainingand women, particularly in the area that Four years earlier in the Canadian in England when the war ended in 1918.I live in. Parliament’s House of Commons, Prime Minister Sir Wilfrid Laurier had stated, In addition, the Dominion provided Afterward I thought TS&MF’s readers “When Britain is at war, Canada is at war. numerous field hospitals, support units andmight find my research to be of interest. There is no distinction.” a small fleet of vessels for its infant Navy.As a result, I adapted my lecture into this In the newly formed air services of thearticle illustrated with both period photos After the war in Europe began a Imperial Forces, 193 Canadians becameand plastic and metal military miniatures. century ago, then Prime Minister Robert aces. Many of them formed the nucleus ofSome of the figures specifically portray Borden prepared Canada to support the their nation’s own Air Force in 1918.Canadians. Other photos feature British mother country, Great Britain, in herTommies enlisted to represent the Empire military endeavors.as a whole. Out of a population of just under Though this centenary commemorativearticle focuses on how the Great Waraffected Canada, I am sure that similarstories can be found in the UnitedKingdom, our sister Dominions, theUnited States, Europe and many otherplaces that never expected to be draggedinto a world war.RIGHT: WWI diorama made up of a W. Britainfrontline first aid post set and TS&MF’s currentsubscription premium figure of Canadian Lt. Col.John McCrae. The physician and poet is posedseating while writing “In Flanders Fields,” whichmade poppies synonymous with remembrance.He contracted pneumonia and died in 1918.BELOW: A Canadian soldier visits the grave ofa comrade who made the ultimate sacrifice in apoignant and timeless vignette made by Canadiancollector John W. Brown.18 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

Great War CentenaryABOVE: British forces get ready to move off the line. and numbered 300 officers and men. BELOW LEFT: Canadian aviator Billy Bishop,This evocative trench diorama crafted by Hudson & Canada’s militia (Army Reserve) mustered VC, was credited with 72 victories, making him theAllen Studio and manned by realistic soldiers from W. 60,000 men on paper, but actually totaled highest scoring surviving ace of WWI. Figure by JohnBritain is being featured in TS&MF’s latest giveaway around 40,000 to 45,000. Jenkins Designs.extravaganza. Those were the forces the country BELOW MIDDLE: Capt. D.R. MacLaren scored 54 The young nation’s wartime effort was headed into war with. Large cities such as aerial victories in WWI, then the ace helped found thecommendable, but at what cost and who Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver would Canadian Air Force. Figure by John Jenkins Designs.made up the Canadian Expeditionary provide the bulk of the manpower as theForce? war progressed, but rural Canada would BELOW: The RAF credited Canadian ace Arthur Roy also contribute what it could. Brown with shooting down Manfred von Richthofen, In 1914, Canada had a trained army the German Army Air Service’s famed “Red Baron.”numbering 3,110 officers and men to help I live in Bailieboro, a hamlet located Capt. Brown totaled 10 victories. Figure by Johndefend the second largest country in the 75 to 80 miles northeast of Toronto. Jenkins Designs.world. Its Navy had two obsolete cruisers The small city of Peterborough is TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 19

Great War Centenary WWI British nurse by W. Britain. Canadian and British nursing sisters wore similar uniforms.ABOVE: Thomas Gunn Miniatures figure of a quiet, out-of-the-way area to live in. This Canada. Eventually, Shaw left the NWMPCanadian ace Billy Barker relaxing after an air patrol. article is partly about men and women and joined one of Canada’s permanent who lived in the region and went to war. force cavalry regiments: Lord Strathcona’sABOVE MIDDLE: Capt. William G. “Billy” Barker, Horse.VC, DSO and Bar, MC and Two Bars, ranks as the ALFRED SHAWmost decorated serviceman in the history of Canada, After WWI began, Shaw raised andthe British Empire and the Commonwealth of Nations. Alfred Earnest Shaw was born in initially commanded the 6th CanadianThe Canadian ace shot down 33 enemy aircraft Millbrook Nov. 21, 1881. He was one of Mounted Rifles. As various units wereand either downed or helped destroy nine hot air the small number of professional soldiers amalgamated overseas, he was transferredobservation balloons. Figure by John Jenkins Designs. who served in the permanent force to the 1st Canadian Mounted Rifles (1 Canadian Army. CMR). He assumed command a shortapproximately 15 miles northeast of my while later.home while Millbrook is seven miles Shaw started his career with theto the northwest. The surrounding area 3rd Dragoons, a militia cavalry unit in June 2, 1916, the 3rd Canadianincludes villages such as Cavan, Bethany, Peterborough. From there he transferred Division, 8th Brigade, was heavily attackedFraserville and South Monaghan. into the North-West Mounted Police by the Imperial German Army’s XIII (predecessor to the Royal Canadian (Württemberg) Corps at Mont Sorrel in My neck of the woods in Ontario is Mounted Police) and moved to Western the Ypres salient in Belgium. 1 CMR waspredominantly a farming community. I canimagine a century ago it would have beenRIGHT: Women in uniform from the British FirstAid Nursing Yeomanry treat wounded Tommies in avignette created by Canadian collector Jim Matresky.BELOW: Photos of Canadian Lt. Col. Alfred ErnestShaw circa 1914 in Mess Dress and No. 1 Uniform(from left).20 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

Great War Centenarydefending a section of the front line when Fisher was commissioned as a ABOVE: WWI Canadian Lord Strathcona’s Horseit was subjected to one of the war’s most lieutenant April 13, 1916, and attached bugler modeled by Canadian hobbyist Ray Welshman.severe sustained artillery bombardments. to the 30th Battalion, 8th Brigade,Despite putting up a fierce resistance, the Canadian Field Artillery. He was killed BELOW: Canadian modeler Jim Matresky tookunit’s defensive positions were overrun by in action Aug. 8, 1918, during the Battle inspiration from a painting to create a dioramaGerman troops. Lt. Col. Shaw was last of Amiens. Fisher was interned at the depicting Canadian Lt. Gordon Flowerdew leading aseen with Maj. Fred Palmer, the officer Hangard Communal Cemetery Extension successful charge by 100 troopers from C Squadroncommanding C Company, 1 CMR, in France. of Lord Strathcona’s Horse against 300 Germanorganizing what remained of his battalion infantrymen supported by machine guns at Moreuilto make a last stand. Young men like Fisher helped the Wood in France March 31, 1918. Flowerdew Royal Canadian Artillery grow immensely was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross The Battle of Mont Sorrel raged during the Great War. It was the senior after getting killed in the last cavalry charge by afor nearly two more weeks. Although unit of the Canadian Army, having Commonwealth unit. The hobbyist painted andCanadian troops retook the salient, many been established before the nation’s first deployed mostly Armies in Plastic figures.men were never found, including Shaw. regular infantry unit: the Royal CanadianFor a while it was assumed that he was Regiment.taken prisoner. It was eventually learnedthat he had been killed. Canadian scientist-turned-soldier Andrew McNaughton made great While he has no official grave, Shaw’s advances in the field of artillery duringname can be found on the cenotaph in the war. The native of Moosomin,downtown Millbrook. I recently found a Saskatchewan, rose to the rank ofdescendent of Shaw who still lives in the brigadier general and was appointed asCavan area. the general officer commanding Canadian Corps Heavy Artillery. McNaughton wentBRUCE FISHER on to become chief of the General Staff of Canada’s overseas forces early in WorldBruce Fitzgerald Fisher hailed from Cavan. War II.He was an aspiring young lawyer, havinggraduated from the University of Toronto AMERICAN TIESand its prestigious Osgoode Hall LawSchool. He had only been practicing law Another young man from Millbrook whoin Millbrook and Toronto for about a year enlisted was Charles Hugh McCusker.when he decided to enlist in the Army. He was an American by birth, born TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 21

Great War Centenaryin Massachusetts. His father, Hugh neutral when hostilities broke out in the border to join the CEF. They cameMcCusker, lived in Peterborough. 1914, but its people were not completely from all over the States and served with controlled by these same rules. Canadian forces for three years before Charles was working as a farmhand their own country joined the war.when the war broke out in 1914. He Early in the war, many residentsdecided to join the Canadian Army Jan. of Canada traveled through the USA ABOVE: Canadian Frank MacKay’s highly detailed14, 1916, at age 18. to return to their countries of origin 1:35-scale model of a Mark IV male tank from the when called upon for military service. 1st Canadian Tank Battalion illustrates the demise of McCusker initially served with the Consequently, immigrants from both sides the cavalry in modern warfare and the emergence of136th Battalion, then with the 87th returned to Europe on neutral U.S. ships. mechanized armor.Battalion (Canadian Grenadier Guards).He is buried at the Vimy Memorial, Pas In addition, Americans looking for BELOW: Canadian Lt. Bruce Fitzgerald Fisherde Calais, France. adventure or feeling that they needed dressed in the robes of a practicing lawyer circa 1915. to support the Allied cause crossed The United States declared itself King & Country Ltd. figure of a Tommy marching off to war in 1914.The latest WWI releases CEF troops man a trench along the Western Front infrom King & Country Ltd. a diorama made by writer Scott J. Dummitt.include a striking figure of awounded British corporalposed kneeling.22 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

Great War Centenary A British infantryman is posed standing firing while on the move by W. Britain.ABOVE: Writer Scott J. Dummitt created this trench NORMAN RODGERS the unit began recruiting in late 1915manned by Canadian troops coming under fire from in Durham County, Ont., and Pontiaca German artillery barrage in 1916. He used Armies Norman Henry Rodgers lived in the tiny County, Quebec.in Plastic figures in the 4-foot diorama done in tribute village of Fraserville, about five miles fromto his Great Uncle Stan, who was underage when he Millbrook. There is not a lot of information After sailing to England in October 1916,joined the CEF and went into action. available on his history. He was age 26 at the battalion was absorbed into the 39th the time of his enlistment in nearby Port Battalion, CEF, and 6th Reserve BattalionBELOW: Canadian minorities experienced discrimination Hope, Ont. It appears that his mother and Oct. 6, 1916.The 136th was commandedwhen it came to military service during WWI, despite father had passed away because he listed his by Lt. Col. R.W. Smart. It appears thatthe proven heroics of people such as Royal Navy Able brother, Walter Rodgers of Peterborough, as Norman was one of the fortunate locals whoSeaman William Hall, VC. These figures of Hall were his next of kin. made it back home after the war.produced by W. Britain and Nostalgia Models (from left). Norman did have a bit of a military BOMBASTIC BULLY Amongst men like those, four stand background with the Canadian militia.out because they were awarded the He had served one year with the 57th Canadian Minister of Militia and Defencehighest honor for valor a soldier in Regiment (Peterborough Rangers) and Sir Samuel Hughes oversaw a majorthe Commonwealth could receive: the one year with the 16th Light Horse out of overhaul of the Army Reserve just beforeVictoria Cross. In addition, there were Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan. WWI. He was a loud and bombastic bully,two battalions created exclusively for U.S. with a military agenda for the country thatcitizens who wished to enlist in the CEF. Rodgers enlisted Jan. 25, 1916. did not always work well for the trained He served with the 136th (Durham) professionals of the standing army. Battalion. Based in Kingston, Ont., In addition to his disdain for the standing army, Hughes was a supporter of the Conservative Party. He did not like the fact that most of Canada’s militia regiments were led by officers appointed by the Liberal Party. Just prior to the outbreak of hostilities, Hughes changed the militia by forming new numbered battalions, appointing new commanding officers and awarding defence contracts to cronies and friends. Throughout the war, Hughes often interfered not only with the CEF, but with the British Imperial Staff. Finally, Prime Minister Borden had to relieve Hughes of his position as minister of defence in November 1916. NURSING SISTERS Alma Florence Finnie came from Bailieboro, where I live and work today. The young woman was a trained nurse. TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 23

Great War Centenary A poignant British soldierBritish Army Regimental “Hanging on theAid Post set by W. Britain Old Barbed Wire”showing a doctor and by W. Britain.orderly administering to awounded private.She volunteered to support her country sailed with the first Canadian contingent The submarine, SM U-86, fired at theby becoming a “nursing sister” in the in September 1914. The majority of hospital ship despite such an action beingCanadian Army Medical Corps. Canadian nurses served overseas in against international law and standing military hospitals and casualty clearing orders of the Imperial German Navy. The Canadian nurses previously served stations in France, Belgium, Greece, Malta U-boat’s commander, Helmut Brummer-with the military during the North-West and the Eastern Mediterranean. Patzig, tried to erase evidence of theRebellion of 1885 and the Second Anglo- sinking by surfacing and machine-gunningBoer War. WWI drew a large response The work was extremely dangerous. A survivors in the water and in lifeboats.from Canada’s trained nurses. A total case in point was the bombing of No. 1 Postwar Patzig fled German jurisdictionof 2,854 women joined up, with several Canadian General Hospital in Étaples, to evade being convicted of the atrocity inhundred others serving with other forces. France, May 19, 1918. the 1921 Leipzig War Crimes Trials.They held the rank of lieutenant due totheir formal education and training. The Canadian hospital ship Llandovery I was fortunate enough to find a Castle was torpedoed by a German descendent of Alma Finnie who still lives They were called “nursing sisters” because submarine June 27, 1918, while returning in the Bailieboro area: her great-nephewsome the earliest military angels of mercy to Liverpool, England, from Halifax, Novahad belonged to various religious orders. Scotia. Only 24 people, all in one lifeboat, A British officerThey were also nicknamed “Bluebirds” by survived the sinking out of the ship’s and infantrymanthe soldiers because of their blue dresses crew, doctors, nurses and patients totaling prepare to movewith white aprons and sheer white veils. 258 people. The death toll included 14 up in a recent set Canadian nursing sisters. from W. Britain. The first group of 105 nursing sistersABOVE: WWI British military band in winter dressby Beau Geste.24 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

Great War Centenary ABOVE: A trench sign replicated by W. Britain punctuates the hazards faced by Canadian soldiers along the Western Front. LEFT: Ready-made trench sections are available from makers such as W. Britain.Murray Thompson. When I asked about Canada, like Great Britain and the other arose because Canada needed to findher character, he agreed that she was a Dominions, buried her war dead where replacements for the casualties sufferedbit of an adventurer. After the war, she they fell. It is assumed that McKnight was overseas.married and resettled in British Columbia. repatriated back home due to illness -- in this case it was pneumonia. He was age 22 The Province of Quebec, which One bit of news that Thompson when he died Nov. 18, 1918, the last day represented one-third of the Canadianconfirmed that I found very interesting of the war. population, had not answered the call towas that his Great-Aunt Alma had been serve as strongly as the rest of the country.one of the very first women to vote in a McKnight was just one of the 99,561 There was a disproportionate percentage ofCanadian election. She actually cast her men drafted into the CEF during the war. Anglo volunteers compared to the numbervote in London, England, so timing-wise of French Canadians. This was largelyshe was able to vote before any of the men DRAFT CONTROVERSY the Canadian government’s own fault asand women back home in Canada. it only authorized one French-speaking Conscription was one of the most battalion in Quebec in 1914. Recruiting Women got the federal vote in three controversial topics of the war because in Quebec was left to an English-stages: the Military Voters Act of 1917 Canadian forces had been purely speaking-only Presbyterian minister (in aallowed nurses and other women in the volunteers up to 1917. Conscription province where the Catholic Church wasarmed services to vote; the Wartime dominant). Out of 106 Canadian generals,Election Act extended the vote to women only four were Francophone.who had husbands, sons or fathers servingoverseas; and all women over age 21 were The Canadian Government eventuallyallowed to vote as of Jan. 1, 1919. passed the Conscription Act in July 1917. Registration for the draft was voluntary.GEORGE MCKNIGHTI have saved Pvt. George FrederickMcKnight for last because he was anexample of how even some of the soldierswho came home didn’t always make italive. George was born in Millbrook Oct.9, 1896, to John and Emma McKnight.He was conscripted into the Army Nov.17, 1917, at Peterborough. I have no ideaif he saw combat as he was assigned tothe 1st Depot Battalion, Eastern OntarioRegiment. George is buried in the GracePresbyterian Cemetery in Millbrook.RIGHT: W. Britain diorama depicting British forcesadvancing across no-man’s-land somewhere alongthe Western Front. TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 25

Great War CentenaryOnly one-fifth of the forms sent out were Various types of WWI British soldiers by Tradition of London Ltd.returned. that some 4,000 Native Canadians served Canadians. Though these men fought for Quebecers were not the only ones overseas with the CEF. their country, they did not enjoy the rightto resist the draft. Farmers in Ontario to vote until 1931.and Western Canada were also anti- African-Canadians and people of Asianconscription because it took away badly heritage were not as openly welcomed. WWI had a great impact on Canadaneeded sons who worked the farms. The Most black Canadians, of which more and her sister Dominions. It showed thatgovernment established 195 appeals courts than 9,000 volunteered for military service, the country needed to establish betterwhere draftees could challenge their call- were placed in the 2nd Construction solutions for its military operations. Itup. Even with the appeals courts, there Battalion. Some blacks were able to get also brought out a sense of nationalismwere partisan judgments. For example, into combat units, but not many. in its people. Canadians were no longermost Francophone appeals for exemptions misplaced Brits -- we were our ownwere granted favorably in Quebec, The real shame of this is that one of nation with our own policies and uniquehowever, most Anglo appeals were denied. Canada’s first Victoria Cross recipients problems.In Western Canada, Mennonites tended to was a black man. Royal Navy Able Seamanobtain exemptions, but Jehovah Witnesses William Hall was awarded the VC for his While it is often thought that thedid not. courageous actions at Lucknow during the Canadian victory at Vimy Ridge in 1916 Indian Mutiny of 1857. White Canada was the coming together of our nation, During Easter weekend in 1918, had also forgotten how ferocious African the end of the Great War signaled thata riot broke out in Quebec City after Zulu warriors had been at the 1879 Battle Canada, along with other young emergingmilitary police detained a man with no of Isandlwana in South Africa, where they countries, was ready to play a more worldlydraft papers. A crowd gathered and soon defeated a technologically superior British role in the future. nattacked military registration offices force of about 1,300 men, consistingand Anglo-owned businesses. Troops mostly of the 24th Foot. Get In Touchfrom Toronto, under the command ofFrancophone Gen. Francois Lessard, Canadians of Chinese and Japanese W. Britainopened fire after getting trapped in a descent were also discouraged from trying Ken Osensquare by rioters. Four civilians were to enlist. Many of those same Canadians Phone: 563-690-1259killed and more wounded, but the rioting traveled through the Rocky Mountains Email: [email protected]. from British Columbia to enlist in Web: www.wbritain.com Alberta. An estimated 1 percent of the Eventually, another 14 French-speaking 10th Battalion was made up of Japanese-battalions were authorized. They were usedas replenishment troops, mainly for the22nd Battalion. Out of the nearly 100,000 Canadianmen conscripted, only 24,100 actuallyserved on the Western Front in Europe.RACIAL DISCRIMINATIONMinorities faced mixed challenges inCanada during WWI. First Nations people were encouragedto enlist because they were thought of asa warrior race. Many Indians were trainedas snipers, a job requiring patience andsharpshooting skills. It has been estimatedWestern Front British artillery set by Model Armoury featuring a 4.7-inch naval gun mounted for field operations. about the writer Scott J. Dummitt retired from the Royal Canadian Navy after 25 years of service. He is an avid collector of action figures and toy soldiers. He is also the proprietor of the Scott J. Dummitt Presents shop in Bailieboro, Ont., which sells items such as 1/6th-scale action figures, publications, vehicles, aircraft and toy soldiers by various makers. The latter includes his own Pride of the Nation range of 54-mm figures depicting Canadian units. Scott is a past president of the Ontario Model Soldier Society.26 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

Enjoy both subscriptions and single issues ofToy Soldier & Model Figure MagazineSTOOYLDIERSUBSCRIPTIONS Subscription: $4.95 per month Delivered: Monthly Includes 14 day FREE trial Single issue: $6.95As issues are released, they’ll be availalbe online in the My NOOK Librarysection of your account, NOOK and free NOOK app. Your default creditMODEL FIGUREcard will be charged moWnthWlyW. If.TyoOuY’re-SaOfirLstDtiImERe s.CubOscMriber to this publi-cation, you will receive a FREE 14 day trial. You may cancel anytime duringyour free trial by clicking on “Magange Subscriptions” in your Account orMy NOOK Library, and you will not be charged.Now available on theBUY CURRENT ISSUEYou also have the option to purchase just the current issue of Toy Soldier &Model Figure magazine. Just click on the “Buy Current Issue” button. T1FRY4CRIOLDAEAUALEYIRM Enjoy both subscriptions and single issues of Subscription: $4.95 per monthEnTjooyy Sbooltdhiesrub&scMriopdtieolnFsigaunrde sMinaggleazisinsuees of DISnuISDecnbillneciusvlclgSDdieurvluereideepebsleriditses1vsic:osde41ruMn:ri4eped:Mo:dta$din$:yoo4at6Mnn.yhF9.:tRl9hoF5y$E5Rln4ypEtE.he9Etlrr5yitmarpilaoelnr tmh onthToSyUSBoESlndCjioReyrIPb&ToIMtOhoNsduSeblscFirgiputrieonMsaagnadzisninegle issues of SinglIenicslsuudee:s$164.9d5ay FREE trialSAyscceoaUasscMycAcrtueoiBaaditsorsicyrtuSosindiwtfoATSsccruCsiNrn,oesoeUaaneiwfsRuylcOrneotrys,leiBIdioteifosPiylbOteaSosSuolsrynowTreofiuCbntaKoea,uwIrlyeicreROdluiylooreasLlhiwiIbroelcflueNiPbalarlybuahiyrbereTrlrerSrcalgoeealcy&awaIecrcerOcuslcrgreaicoheidyerecMclecsNl,udaliklioaedvmeecanr,oriScudegienkanttdvmocn,,ehcisgdaeennoedttNeeo,hlogtudFayiynhvOmNeFnnR,o’otlFeliyhyttulgOEOon“R,h’.lauElbMnyNlewEOKI“re.tfF1yEbeMhaOiKIyRa’4laefgll1lMonyalEvOaya4adn.ugadEbonanvKaoIa’iedfrugglad1fyntearaeay’ai4aerbgllftyoznaebavrreSeedieiuladetunafabrNeaS’icilribelroefyu.ahfearsONsinYelbtalrotc.abosrleOOrtsrniYitigecuniafmoNlpOKtierileirounim.tdmesOpiKanYieto.mntapseolOitnaiyiuoipunnatmspsKbhn.c”eyupmtsesYeabhaic.ic”onnnasMepsYrauiccyiuopnnybtMrryebhu.occieldybseYrNyaeurcoaeeonldrMtrOnNufrouaciaeAybrtryOneOufottcaeAhliydlcNmOurKtttiaceohislctOncmfeKtoLuiarpoysceinOudebuLtturdphitlueirbmndKtibuiaordtlstucirbrierLina-yrorptleiigridrbun-ydurbgiartlirin-ygMByUNYyOoCOuUrKRfrLReieEbNrtarTiraylI,SbaSynUdcElyicokuinwgilolnno“Mt baegacnhgaergSeudb. scriptions” in your Account or Single issue: $6.95YBoUYMuoYouadCBMlsaeUUolylsRYoFhNiRagChOvEuaUeNOrveRteThKRmteIhELSaoeNiSgbpUoTartazpiEIoritSyninoS,eUnat.onJEtudopsuytprocuculrhiccawhksaeiolsljenunjstouhttsettbh“teehBcceuhuycarurCrergurneertdnrie.tsnsiustseIussoeufoeTf”oTybouSytotSolodnli.derie&r &ModeYloFuigaulrseomhaavgeazthineeo. pJutisot ncltiockpounrcthhaese“Bjuusyt CthuerrceunrtreIsnstuies”subeuottfoTno.y Soldier & Model Figure magazine. Just click on the “Buy Current Issue” button.

History & CollectingMachine Guns A possibly home-castin Miniature lead soldier fires a Tommy gun from a foxhole.Paul Garson explores how the development of the machine gunchanged warfare, history and collecting toy soldiers Text: Paul Garson Photos: Paul Garson and TS&MF ArchivesT he large-scale introduction of They were called by fanciful names of a Maxim gun mounted on a four-wheel machine guns during World War such as “Murderer” and are frequently “quadricyle.” It carried 1,000 rounds of I changed the face and level of mentioned in the records of the Anglo- ammunition and a 120-mile supply of fuel.lethality of warfare. It was the first of the Spanish wars. In modern times, the first In some ways, it foreshadowed armoredweapons of mass destruction along with effective machine gun was invented by vehicles of the future by merging thepoison gas at a time when aerial bombing the American, Dr. Gatling, which was newfangled motor car with the nascentwas still in its infancy. used during the last stages of the Civil machine gun. War (1861-1865). A modification of the Due to the antiquated military Gatling, mounted on a field carriage, was However, the Maxim gun would notstratagems of the times, soldiers “going also used by the French during the war of remain a British exclusive. The weaponover the top” from their trenches and 1870-71.” was soon sold to the armies of Austria,crossing an open no-man’s-land were Italy, Russia, Switzerland and Germany.literally mowed down in the tens of The first fully automatic portable They became inspired to create their ownthousands by the new automatic weapons. machine gun was invented by another indigenous machine gun designs.Military battlefield casualties of WWI American, Hiram S. Maxim, ofamounted to more than 10 million killed Sangerville, Maine, after he developed  and 20 million wounded. several other patents, including a hair- curling iron. After a visit to the Paris RIGHT: Made circa Images of the machine gun left an Electrical Exhibition, he emigrated to 1935, a Manoilindelible cultural impression reflected in London in 1881. machine gunnerthe production of old and new toy soldiers. depicts a BrowningThough miniature in size, some old metal, From 1883 to 1885 he developed the M1917 on a heavycomposition and plastic figures continue new weapon. His Maxim Gun Co. was tripod.to draw maximum interest and premium eventually assimilated by Vickers Ltd.,values. where he served as a director. He was subsequently knighted by Queen Victoria   in 1901 for his efforts.MAXIM GUN Maxim’s machine gun was officially adopted by the British military in 1889. ItIn 1916, a British newspaper summed up first made its mark in one of the Britishthe machine gun’s early history as follows: Empire’s colonial wars in Southern Africa in 1894, when four Maxim guns in the “Guns for the projection of bullets -- hands of 50 British troops fought offthat is, man-killing rather than battering 5,000 Matabele (aka Zulu) warriors inpieces -- were in use in the 16th century. lands within modern day Zimbabwe. Also in 1889, British manufacturer Frederick Reginald Simms debuted the “Motor Scout,” a motor vehicle comprised BELOW: “Maxim-mum” firepower by Manoil and Barclay (from left).RIGHT: Marx 6-inchSoviet Red Armysoldier with PPSh.28 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

History & CollectingABOVE: German composition depiction of ashoulder-fired MG34 in antiaircraft mode.ABOVE RIGHT: In 1889, Frederick ReginaldSimms debuted the “Motor Scout,” a motorvehicle comprised of a Maxim gun mounted on afour-wheel “quadricyle.”RIGHT: Unknown maker’s plastic figure of a WWIIBritish Vickers machine gunner wearing shorts fordesert campaigning.BELOW RIGHT: British sailors crew one of the firstMaxim guns.BELOW: Wearing a cowboy hat, a member of theU.S. Army Air Corps readies .50-caliber ammo beltsfor a WWII fighter or bomber. The term “the wholenine yards” refers to firing the standard full length of abelt of machine gun rounds. TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 29

History & Collecting RIGHT: Plastic Cossack machine gunner by Charbens.  LEFT: Belt-fed Browning machine gun with a red hot barrel by Barclay.VENERABLE VICKERS   faced: “coffee-grinders,” and it was not a term of endearment.The Vickers machine gun, a British WEAPON VARIANTSmainstay known as the “Queen of the One such German weapon, theBattlefield” by its Great War and World Another milestone design was the Maxim MG08, was described as aWar II handlers, was based on the Hotchkiss machine gun invented by yet “nearly indestructible engine of deathsuccessful Maxim design. another American, Benjamin Hotchkiss. in the trench warfare of WWI.” While After failing to gain U.S. military interest, it appears portable in its depiction, the Officially termed the Vickers Medium he set up a factory in France in 1867. His 7.92-caliber, 50-round drum fed gun fittedMachine Gun (MMG), it first saw service machine gun was adopted by the French with a water-filled barrel cooling jacketin 1912. It fired the British .303-caliber in 1897. A refined version was introduced brought its weight to some 45 pounds,round, the same rifle cartridge used in the in 1914, just in time for outbreak of WWI thereby making it difficult to carry duringstandard Enfield rifle. But the Vickers a century ago. assaults across the muddy battlefieldscould fire 450 to 500 rounds per minute of the war. The Maxim MG08/15 wasfed from a fabric belt with a 250-round The Hotchkiss was considered the first short-lived being used only from 1915 tocapacity. portable machine gun. It was both reliable 1918, although old ones were brought out and simple in design. It was adopted by of mothballs for use in German prison Overheating was curtailed by its water- the British and Japanese armies. camps.  cooled design via a distinctively ribbedbarrel “jacket” that brought the machine Imperial Germany steadily increased Development of the iconic Colt-gun’s weight up to 40 pounds. Its tripod the quality and number of its machine Browning M1917 began in the 1890s. Butadded another 48.5 pounds. guns during WWI. As their manpower only with the United States’ entry into diminished, the Germans sought to make WWI did the American military ramp up In one battle during WWI, 10 Vickers up for the decreasing number of riflemen its interest. It eventually paid off becausemachine guns reportedly fired continually available by deploying more and more the weapon remained in service in oneduring a 12-hour assault, expending more machine guns. form or another for more than 100 years.than 1 million rounds. In all the great battles of 1918 in which The Browning’s pistol-grip and internal The venerable Vickers remained in U.S. troops took part, one of their hardest components separated it from the Vickersaction until 1974, accruing more than 60 tasks was to overcome resistance byyears of reliable service. German machine gunners. The French had a term for the German machine guns theyBELOW: Pair of prone Bren gunners BELOW: Americanfiring Britain’s iconic light machine gun. antiaircraft gunner of the Great War by Manoil.30 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

History & CollectingTOP LEFT: A German heavy machine gun squad inWWI-era M18 helmets hefts a 40-pound MG08/15and ammo boxes while undergoing training.TOP RIGHT: An Elastolin composition WWIIGerman soldier with a bipod-equipped MG34 racesinto action.ABOVE: Old lead machine gunner by an unknownmanufacturer.LEFT: Twin prone machine gunners by Barclay.BELOW LEFT: A Vickers machine gunner isportrayed by a WWI war memorial in Portsmouth,England.BELOW: WWII wintertime German MG34 gunnerby King & Country Ltd. TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 31

History & Collecting BELOW: Delicate ceramic machine gunner made in Japan and fortunate enough to have survived unscathed.and Maxim. The thick barrel shroud served German design, but was able to produce it LEFT: WWIIas a water jacket through which water less expensively. Cost-savings were realized British Tommywas pumped to cool it during continuous by eliminating the brass materials. The armed with a Brenrapid fire. This also gave the weapon its Russians also enlarged the water port so gun, dressed fordistinctive look. The recoil-operated Colt- their frequently available snow could be desert action andBrowning design was replicated some used as a cooling agent. made of plastic by57,000 times between April 1917 andNovember 1918. The British toy soldier company Cherilea. Charbens produced a plastic figure During the Czarist era of Imperial uniformed as an Imperial Russian soldier A milestone machine gun, the MG34Russia’s army, its arsenals were supplied firing a Maxim. was considered both a beautiful and complex design. The weapon required 200“Images of the machine gun left an indelible cultural separate parts and was prone to problems,impression reflected in the production of toy soldiers. if not kept scrupulously clean. However,Though miniature in size, some continue to draw the barrel’s chrome-plated bore andmaximum interest and premium values.” chamber gave it a service span far beyond earlier machine gun barrels’ “lifespan” ofwith both homemade weapons and HITLER’S BUZZ SAW 6,000 rounds.imports. Later, the fledgling SovietUnion focused on domestically produced During the interwar years, the German The MG34 weighed 26.2 pounds inarmament. For example, the British-made military devised a whole new weapons system portable form. Air-cooled, it replaced theLewis light machine gun and Maxim and strategy in the form of the General more cumbersome water-cooled SMG ofM1905 were chambered for Russian Purpose Machine Gun (GPMG). It could WWI and it fired the 7.92-caliber pistol7.62-caliber ammunition. serve as a light assault weapon or be set in round. Holes in the 24.6-inch long barrel place as a defensive, medium-weight machine shroud served to cool it under continuous The USSR copied the Maxim from the gun, depending on battlefield requirements. use. Maximum range was 2,190 yards with a cyclic rate of 800 to 900 rounds perBELOW: Miniature Bren gunner minute.with a 1/6th-scale model of the sameweapon made in China. While the MG34 was considered one of the best designed weapons of WWII, it was complicated and expensive to produce. The MG42, with the “42” denoting its year of introduction, was developed to be a better version for mass production. It was also less troubled by the mud and dirt encountered along the Eastern Front. The versatile MG42 could be fired RIGHT: GI submachine gunner by Lido Toys. Though the gun only bears a vague resemblance to an actual weapon, the figure is nicely detailed with netting on the helmet and spats.32 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

History & CollectingABOVE: WWII German NCO ski trooper withMP38/40 by Del Prado.ABOVE RIGHT: The German MG08/15 wasadapted for antiaircraft duty during the 1930s despitebeing considered obsolete.RIGHT: WWI British cavalry machine gun team inpith helmets by Thomas Gunn Miniatures.BELOW RIGHT: U.S. Army Browning machine gunteam in gas masks.BELOW: Plastic aircraft ground crew membercarrying ammo by Lido Toys. TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 33

History & Collectingon the run, from the ground or as an LEFT: WWI German The MP38 eventually evolved into theantiaircraft gun. It became a much “light” machine gun simplified and more easily and cheaplyfeared weapon. Because of its distinctive set by W. Britain. produced MP40. It has erroneously beensound and high cycling rate, as well as its tagged as the “Schmeisser,” although it hasdestructive power, it earned the moniker an easily mass-produced submachine gun no relation to German small arms designer“Hitler’s buzz saw.” -- one inspired by the lightweight, cheaply Hugo Schmeisser, who had developed produced British Sten gun. Because it had an earlier machine gun. Its development German toy makers such as Elastolin the appearance of a car mechanic’s grease was initially hidden from Nazi Germany’sand Lineol produced a wide variety of gun, it took on that nickname. leader Adolf Hitler, who believed ancomposition toy soldiers equipped with infantryman only needed the Mauser 98Kmachine guns. The M3 fired 9-mm rounds fed by a rifle. But the extensive use of submachine 30-round box magazine and featured a guns by Red Army troops triggered   retractable wire stock, making it a compact deployment of the MP40 in large numbers weapon. By 1944, it would replace the for use by German troops. More than 1SUBMACHINE GUNS heavier, more costly Thompson as the million were produced before the end of standard U.S. Army submachine gun. the war.In the field of lighter, hand-held machineguns, the United States produced The Germans relied on the MP38/40 The MP38/40 has been depicted bythe legendary .45-caliber Thompson “Maschinenpistole,” one of the most iconic many makers of painted metal toy soldiers.submachine gun as well as the lighter weapons of WWII. It was developed in9-mm M3 or “Grease Gun.” Lido Toys 1938 by the Erma factory, which was tasked Great Britain’s light machine gun ofproduced a plastic toy soldier firing an M3 with the manufacture of an easily mass- choice was the reliable and efficient Brenduring the 1950s. produced submachine gun compact enough gun, though it was actually derived from for use by airborne troops and tank crews. a licensed Czech design. The British Also known as the “Burp Gun,” the version was manufactured in England atweapon was the product of the U.S. The MP38, which fired 9-mm the Enfield factory, thus the combinedArmy’s Small Arms Development Branch. cartridges from a 32-round magazine, was name Bren. As a light machine gun, itIt had set its sights in 1941 on developing the first of its kind made of only metal was similar in purpose and use to the and plastic without any wood. It featured a .30-caliber American Browning Automatic folding stock. Rifle (BAR). Among the several makers who produced Bren-gun related figures was Cherilea Toys Ltd. of England. The Soviet Red Army’s handheld machine gun, the 7.62-mm PPSh- 41 (“Pistolet-Pulemyot Shpagina”), went into frontline service in 1942 and became a signature weapon of WWII. Its abbreviated name was derived from its designer, Georgi Shpagin. It was one of the first cheap, mass-produced automatic weapons. Much of the PPSh was made from sheet metal stampings. About 5 million went into use. Among several designs, the Marx Toy Co. produced a large, nearly 6-inch Red Army figure carrying a PPSh in bright red plastic.RIGHT: Britains LEFT: First Legionplastic figure Ltd. wintertimeof a GI firing aburp gun issued vignette depictingaround 1971. a German soldier reduced to using his MG34 for cooking LEFT: Beton during WWII’s Battle plastic figure of an American soldier of Stalingrad. armed with a Tommy gun.34 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

History & CollectingABOVE: Dramatic King & Country Ltd. dioramadepicting WWII British Royal Navy and special forcestroops launching 1942’s St. Nazaire Raid in German-occupied France.LEFT: WWII British soldier with Sten gun by King &Country Ltd.RIGHT: Tommy gun-toting paratrooper of the WWIIU.S. Army 101st Airborne Division by The CollectorsShowcase.BELOW RIGHT: WWII-era German postcard withwording that translates to: “A sharpshooter loves asmany kisses as his `M.G.’ has bullets.”  BELOW: This photo of an American tankerbrandishing a Tommy gun originally appeared in a1941 issue of an Army magazine. TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 35

History & Collecting BELOW: WWII British RAF Lewis gunner and spotter in sandbag emplacement by W. Britain.RIGHT: KhakiArmy Collectionstatuette depictinga WWII AustralianBren gunner inNew Guinea in1943.   endeavored to focus on toy soldiers Get In Touch equipped with their respective countries’MINIATURE GUNNERS choices of automatic weapons -- both W. Britain heavy and lightweight versions. Italy, Japan Ken OsenThe spectrum of machine gun designs and France also swelled the ranks of old Phone: 563-690-1259in turn spurred toy companies in several miniature machine gunners prized by Email: [email protected] to come up with their own collectors for their nostalgic and antique Web: www.wbritain.cominterpretations of the dramatic new weapon. value. In addition, most modern makers have taken a shot at producing machine Get In Touch Producers of machine gun-equipped gunners targeted for collectors.figures in the past have included the major KHAKI ARMY USAAmerican toy manufacturers Manoil and Toy soldiers have been “recruited” made www.khaki-army.comBarclay. Their 1920s to 1930s soldiers, of various materials, including solid and [email protected] in appearance due to the “pie- hollow-cast lead, pewter, composition, 888 674 2166tin helmets” of both U.K. Tommies and porcelain and plastic. But, so to speak,American doughboys of WWI, were they all march to the same machine gundepicted firing British Maxim and U.S. drummer. nBrowning machine guns. England’s Britains company andGermany’s Elastolin and LineolABOVE: King & Country Ltd. depiction of a WWI ABOVE: WWI French soldier about the writerBritish Expeditionary Force Vickers machine gunner. with Chauchat machine gun by First Legion Ltd. Paul Garson has published featureABOVE: WWI Turkish prone machine articles in more than 75 U.S. andgunner by King & Country Ltd. overseas publications, including WWII36 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE History, WWII Quarterly, Military Illustrated, and Military Trader. Many of them have featured his own original photography. Paul’s books include “Album of the Damned: Snapshots From the Third Reich” (2008) and “New Images of Nazi Germany: A Photographic Collection” (2012). With a focus on “photo-archeology” his personal archive includes some 3,000 original photos sourced from 20 countries. Several of those images illustrate this article. It was excerpted from Paul’s latest book seeking a publisher titled “Mayhem in Miniature: Tales Told by Toy Soldiers.” More than 400 toy soldiers are chronicled within their historical context. Paul lives and writes in Los Angeles.

History & CollectingABOVE: Plastic British soldiers armed with TommyGuns believed to have been made by Crescent.LEFT: WWII Soviet infantry with automatic weaponsby First Legion Ltd. in a Battle of Stalingrad dioramasetting.BELOW LEFT: 34) British 25th Middlesex VolunteerRifle Corps, 1914, with Maxim machine gun, bySoldier Centre Miniatures from the collection ofJames H. Hillestad.ABOVE: WWI British machine gun unit uniform pin.LEFT: WWII Wake Island U.S. Marines Browningmachine gun team set, including a Tommy gunner,made by Figarti Miniatures exclusively for HobbyBunker.BELOW: WWII British 8th Army sergeant withTommy gun by King & Country Ltd. TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 37

(Photo Courtesy of Kenneth A. Osen, W. Britain) 20238 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

A BLOOD-CURDLING WAR CRY shatters the serenity of a Colonial farmstead as Eastern Woodland Indians launch a raid along the frontier of18th-century America. The scene looks like early autumn with two of North American Indians’ traditional “Three Sisters” (corn, squash and climbingbeans) just about ready to be harvested by a hard-working pioneer and his family. The raiders on the warpath, including the spectacular figure of a bravevaulting a wooden fence, are amongst the latest additions to W. Britain’s dramatic “Clash of Empires” series. –Stuart A. Hessney TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 39

New Metalon the March n Editor Stuart A. THE LATEST TOY SOLDIERS MARCH IN REVIEW Hessney reviews some of the latest items from around the globe to land in the marketplace.CLASH OF EMPIRES: INDIAN RAIDERS AND BRITISH ARTILLERYBY W. BRITAIN “The Raid No. 1 – Eastern Woodland Indian “Eastern Woodland Hurtling Wooden Fence” (ref. 16017). Indian Stalking With War Club and Knife” (ref. 16018).Reviewed by: Stuart A. Hessney children and chickens scamper around the snake rail wooden fence. The athletic   clearing in a dense virgin forest. brave is posed in mid-air with only one hand touching the top of the fence. ThisPlease imagine that you’re an 18th-century Suddenly, the serenity of the moment brilliantly balanced composition retailspioneer whose muscle and sweat have is shattered by an ear-piercing Indian for £71.99 U.K./$84 U.S.carved out a modest farmstead for your war whoop! You look up to see a warriorfamily along the frontier of Colonial vaulting a wooden fence, signaling the Another Indian in even more fearsomeAmerica. Perhaps your highly prized but start of a raid for booty, captives and warpaint brandishes a knife and war club.isolated plot is located in Pennsylvania’s scalps. You grab the loaded musket always This stalker sells for £29.30/$34.Delaware Valley region. Maybe you kept handy, quickly usher everyone intosettled in upstate New York near Albany the cabin and start praying for survival. To help collectors and dioramato the west along the Mohawk River, to builders carve out their own farmsteadsthe north along the Hudson or to the The time was always ripe for raiding in miniature, W. Britain is also issuing asouthwest in the Schoharie Valley. at harvest time because the destruction of seven-piece set of additional fencing (ref. your enemy’s crops before winter would be 51021). Another set on five bases depicts Sunshine and blue skies prevail devastating. Europeans and Indians alike cornstalks and squashes (ref. 51022).on a warm day in early autumn. Your did it as friction over land rights, trade Either scenic set costs £44.99/$52.painstakingly plowed fields are dotted by and other bones of contention flared intostalks of corn, plump pumpkins and other violence. Recent additions to the realistic rangeproduce. After carefully tending your crops also include a British Royal Artillery setthrough the changing seasons, harvest This is the sort of scenario W. Britain (ref. 16015; £144.99/$170) made up oftime is coming soon. General Manager and Creative Director a 6-pounder, a water bucket and four Kenneth A. Osen has envisioned while gunners modeled in tricorne hats bound Imagine you’re standing outside the log creating the latest 58-mm additions to the in yellow tape, blue coats with red trim,cabin that you built with your own two “Clash of Empires” series. It’s Ken’s “baby” and white clothes. These terrific items arecalloused hands. Perhaps you're making – something the historian, re-enactor and perfect for re-creating conflicts rangingplans with a neighbor for a deer hunt sculptor can really sink his teeth into. from the French and Indian War throughor discussing how the crops are shaping the American Revolutionary War andup with your devoted wife. Your young The highlight is “The Raid No. 1” (ref. beyond. n 16017) showing an Indian hurdling a “British Royal Artillery 6-Pound Gun With 4-Man Crew” (ref. 16015). “Fall 18th/19th- Century Corn With Squash” (ref. 51022).40 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

A MELANGE OF NEW RELEASESBY W. BRITAINReviewed by: Stuart A. Hessney   missions he’s survived. This collectible sells for £29.30/$34. WWII ITEMS These neat pieces are just a sampling of  My favorite WWII release captures a the goodies unveiled in the manufacturer’s latest catalog. Please keep reading TS&MFA mélange of new releases from W. childhood moment of joy during wartime for details about more to follow. nBritain includes distinctive matt figures by portraying a kneeling British Royal Back view of the detailed jacket worn by the American bomberinspired by the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879 Air Force pilot about to present a Spitfire pilot (ref. 25028).and World War II. fighter model to a thrilled young lad. This “USAAF Bomber   nostalgic, must-have set (ref. 25027) costs Pilot Standing With £60.99/$72. Cigarette” (ref. 25028).ZULU WARCollectors who enjoy re-creating Zulu A set of two flyboys titled “Got aWar battles such as Isandlwana and Light?” (ref. 25029) has caused a bit of aRorke’s Drift can look forward to three stir. In the 2014 Winter Catalogue, it wasnew releases in 58-mm scale. described as a U.S. Army Air Force pilotSoldiers of the British 24th Foot flicking his lighter for a smoker from thein scarlet tunics with signature green RAF. However, my eagle-eyed Canadianfacings include a prone casualty with his colleague and collector friend Scott J.Martini-Henry rifle lying by his side (ref. Dummit, a W. Britain dealer and past20160). Another figure that’s perfect for president of the Ontario Model Soldierplacement in defense of an improvised Society, noticed that the pilot in bluemealie bag wall is posed with one foot uniform’s shoulder patch indicates thatup on a biscuit box (ref. 20161). Please he’s a member of the Royal Canadian Airexpect to shell out £29.30 U.K./$34 U.S. Force. Scott alerted the folks at W. Britainfor either of them. about the misprint and a correction wasA detailed and dramatic hand-to-hand immediately issued. This set also goes forvignette called “Up Close and Personal” £60.99/$72.(ref. 20162) depicts an African warrior That duo would go together wellreeling from a blow delivered by the butt displayed with a USAAF bomber pilotof a Redcoat’s rifle. This is the latest in a posed standing holding a cigarette (ref.string of superb items made exclusively 25028). What makes this figure stand outfor Myszka and Mike Hall of Sierra Toy in a crowd is the back of his realisticallySoldier Co. in Los Gatos, Calif., USA. crinkled leather jacket. It’s painted in aThis particular set is a limited edition of way so a beholder knows his aircraft is the350 and sells for $74. Piccadilly Lady II and can see how many A Zulu and a Redcoat “RAF Pilot With Model get “Up Close and Spitfire and Child” Personal” (ref. 20162) (ref. 25027). in a set available exclusively from Sierra Toy Soldier Co. “Got a Light” (ref. 25029) depicts Canadian and American aviators (from left).Zulu War “British 24th Foot Zulu War “BritishCasualty No. 2” (ref. 20160). 24th Foot With Foot on Biscuit Box” (ref. 20161). TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 41

LEFT: “Crouching and RIGHT: Presenting Pikemen”  “King Charles I” (ref. PnM-S05-Royalist). (ref. PnM020).ENGLISH CIVIL WAR: KING CHARLES I AND MOREBY KING & COUNTRY LTD.Reviewed by: Stuart A. Hessney DOOMED KING marriage to a Roman Catholic who   appeared to overly influence him. Born in 1600, Charles was the second sonAt a time when the Pilgrims and Puritans of the equally imperious King James VI Charles was cast in the role of a tyrant.were colonizing New England in North of Scotland, who inherited the English His attempt to compel the Church ofAmerica, a simmering 17th-century throne in 1603. Charles moved up the Scotland to embrace high Anglicancontroversy in their motherland over the royal ladder after his older brother, Prince practices led to the Bishops’ Wars. Themonarchy boiled over into the English Henry Frederick, died in 1612. He situation bolstered the influence of theCivil War. married a Bourbon princess, Henrietta English and Scottish Parliaments, and Marie of France, in 1625. paved the way for the King's downfall. The man at center stage of thebrouhaha was Charles I, ruler of the Like his father before him, Charles The Parliamentary armies of Scotlandkingdoms of England, Scotland and believed in the divine right of kings. But and England engaged in open warfareIreland from March 27, 1625, to his after his succession, he faced an English with Royalists beginning in 1642. Theexecution Jan. 30, 1649. A personality Parliament who wanted to curb his royal valiant King demonstrated determination,figure of the King – complete with head – prerogatives. After all, Charles was not but was defeated in 1645. He surrenderedhighlights 17 additions to the 1:30-scale a popular chap. He drew opposition for to Scots, who handed him over to theECW series by King & Country Ltd. unilaterally imposing taxes. Protestants English Parliament. The captive blueblood mistrusted his religious views and his rebuffed demands for a constitutional   monarchy and briefly escaped in 1647.  LEFT: “The LEFT: “Present Pikeman” New European (ref. PnM003B-Royalist). Farmhouse” (ref. SP064) could enhance an ECW display or a myriad of other scenarios. BELOW: BELOW:“Parliamentary “Standing Pikeman” Gun Commander” (ref. PnM006B- (PnM017). Royalist). RIGHT: LEFT: RIGHT: “Standing “Parliament “Parliamentary Musketeer” Flag Bearer” Artillery Officer” (ref. PnM019). (ref. PnM021). (PnM018).42 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

BELOW: BELOW:“Vertical and “AdvancingAdvancing Pikemen”  Pikeman” (ref.(ref. PnM-S06-Royalist). PnM005B- Royalist). LEFT: “Vertical Pikeman”  (ref. PnM004B- Royalist). RIGHT:   “Two Standing Pikemen”  (ref. PnM- S07-Royalist). Suspense about Charles' fate climaxed TAKE-CHARGE GUY  at £42.95/$45. These excellent figuresas Oliver Cromwell’s New Model Army are primed to rally around an absolutelysolidified its control of England by the K&C’s Charles I (ref. PnM020) is stunning Parliament standard-bearer thatend of 1648. In January 1649, the King modeled with his hat doffed, his right sells for about £53.95/$55.was convicted of treason and beheaded at hand on his hip and a cuirass over hisWhitehall in London. garments graced by a blue sash. The figure As mentioned in a previous review, the expresses the cavalier attitude of a take- color red has become associated with the The monarchy was abolished. A de facto charge kind of guy. dress of Parliamentary armies and bluerepublic known as the Commonwealth with Royalists. However, K&C is creatingof England was declared with Cromwell Royalist reinforcements include variations so collectors’ recruits can changeas its virtual dictator. His death at age 59 imposing pikemen in helmets posed sides.in 1658 triggered another political crisis. either crouching, leveling the long skewer,It culminated in the Restoration of the holding it vertical, advancing or standing. K&C’s growing ECW lineup ormonarchy when the doomed King’s son, Like their King, they retail singly for dioramas covering conflicts rangingCharles II, returned from exile in France £42.95 U.K./$45 U.S. Three different sets through World War II can beand was enthroned in 1660. of these pikemen paired together to form a complemented by a brand new European phalanx are priced at £74.95/$79. farmhouse priced at £176.95/$179. Andy   C. Neilson, company cofounder and Parliamentary firepower from the creative director, describes the stone edifice Parliamentary firepower age of pike and shot is embodied by dated 1615 as a “larger, more detailed vignette composed of the artillery releases. A detailed cannon and better proportioned update of an old cannon and two different retails for £46.95/$49 while two pairs favorite.” Walls and a courtyard gate to of gunners each cost £74.95/$79. Single complement it are in the works. n pairs of gunners sold Roundheads include a gun commander separately. pointing and shouting orders, an artillery officer peering through a telescope and a Redcoat shouldering his musket priced LEFT: “Crouching Pikeman” (ref. PnM002B-Royalist). TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 43

A nursing sister greets “New Zealander British King George V in Presenting Arms” a set titled “The Royal (ref. FW183). Hospital Visit” (ref. FW174). A medical orderly offers a casualty a drink in “A Nice Cup of Tea, Mate!” (ref. FW172).GREAT WAR CENTENARY ANZACS AND MOREBY KING & COUNTRY LTD.Reviewed by: Stuart A. Hessney Birdwood saw action on British given command of the Australian and   India’s North-West Frontier in 1897, New Zealand Army Corps. the Tirah Campaign of 1897 and theKing & Country Ltd. is continuing Second Anglo-Boer War. He also Birdwood led the Anzacs during theits commemoration of the Great War apparently made some good connections disastrous Gallipoli Campaign. One of thecentenary by issuing 15 new items, including along the way by serving as an adjutant only bright spots for the British side waspersonality figures of British Lt. Gen. Sir in both the Indian Viceroy’s Bodyguard how Birdwood managed to evacuate hisWilliam Birdwood and King George V. in 1893 and Lord Kitchener’s staff in entire force between December 1915 and 1900. January 1916 without arousing a reaction   from the Turks. Birdwood became a full colonelBIRDWELL’S ANZACS and Kitchener’s military secretary in The Anzacs returned to Egypt to be 1905, then an aide-de-camp to the reorganized, reinforced and form twoEleven releases portray Birdwood and King the following year. In connection corps. Birdwood was in command whenAnzacs who served under the highly with further service in India, he was the 1st Anzac Corps became the firstprofessional soldier’s command along the promoted to major general Oct. 3, 1911. to embark for France. In 1917, he wasWestern Front in France in 1916. promoted to the permanent rank of full World War I was already under way, general, given command of the Australian Born in India in 1865, Birdwood was when Kitchener enlisted Birdwood in Corps and became aide-de-camp generaleducated at Clifton College in Bristol, November 1914 to form an army corps to the King. During the last year of theEngland. He received a militia commission from Australian and New Zealand war, Birdwood commanded the British 5thin the 4th Battalion, Royal Scots Fusiliers, troops undergoing training in Egypt. Army and led the liberations of Lille andthen underwent training at the Royal The following month he was promoted Tournai.Military, Sandhurst. Due to a Russian to temporary lieutenant general andwar scare, he was commissioned early as a Postwar Birdwood was promoted tolieutenant in the 12th (Prince of Wales’s)Royal Lancers in 1885.British Lt. Gen. Sir WilliamBirdwood (ref. FW179)wore a slouch hat as a signof affection and respectfor the Anzacs under hiscommand. “Australian Australian at “Australian at at Attention” Attention” Attention” (ref. FW180-V). (ref. FW180-Q). (ref. FW180-NSW).44 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

“New ZealanderStand-at-Ease”(ref. FW182). “Australian “Australian Marching” “Australian Marching” Marching” (ref. FW181-Q). (ref. FW181-NSW). (ref. FW181-V).field marshal, served as the commander Battalion (Victoria) and black over light  in chief in India and was raised to the blue is the hallmark of the 9th Infantrypeerage as Baron Birdwood. He was age Battalion (Queensland). The military ROYAL HOSPITAL VISIT85 when he died at Hampton Court miniatures’ home states are abbreviated asPalace in 1951. “NSW,” “V” and “Q,” respectively, in their Also new is a circa 1916 set titled “The product codes. Royal Hospital Visit” (ref. FW174). It Birdwood was reportedly well-liked depicts bearded King George V in fieldby his Kiwi and Aussie troops during Therefore, collectors can look forward marshal uniform being greeted by aWWI and the feeling seems to have been to trios of variants of Australians posed at nursing sister at a military hospital inmutual. K&C’s Birdwood (ref. FW179) attention or marching. K&C’s first WWI Flanders.replicates how after being presented with New Zealanders either stand at ease oran Australian slouch hat, he wore it for present arms. They sport the Kiwi “lemon “A Nice Cup of Tea, Mate!” (ref.the duration of WWI as a mark of respect squeezer” hat style. Birdwood and his FW172) shows a British medical orderlyand affection for his men. The 1:30-scale Anzacs retail singly for £39.95 U.K./$40 offering a drink to a casualty lying on ageneral is posed standing holding a cane U.S. apiece. stretcher. These medical-themed, two-and a folded map. figure sets retail for £77.95/$79. New South Wales, Queensland and As mentioned in a previous review, Victoria versions of a “Hitching a Ride” A British corporal simply titledK&C’s khaki-clad Aussies are being set (ref. FW184) depict an Australian “Crouching Wounded” (ref. FW171)produced in shoulder patch variants to medic in a bush hat giving a wounded rounds out this batch of additions torepresent three different battalions. Black British Tommy wearing a Brodie steel K&C’s growing range of authenticallyover green insignia represents the 1st helmet a piggyback ride to a casualty detailed and painstakingly painted figuresInfantry Battalion (New South Wales), clearing station. This duplex is priced at illustrating the story of the Great War.white over red signifies the 8th Infantry £77.95/$79. This £39.95/$40 figure is a stark and realistic 3-D portrait of dogged grace Victoria's 8th Infantry “Hitching a Ride” (FW184-Q) under fire and stoic endurance of what Battalion version of variant hailing from Queensland looks like excruciating pain. When I first “Hitching a Ride” and the 9th Infantry Battalion. glanced at this portrayal of a badly shot (ref. FW184-V). up soldier, it made me choke up and then mutter “Wow!\" n The poignant British corporal “Crouching Wounded” (ref. FW171). The 1st Infantry Battalion, mostly recruited from around Sydney in New South Wales, is represented by the medic in this variant of “Hitching a Ride” (ref. FW184-NSW). TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 45

The Akagi Zero (ref. JN001) comes with Lt. Saburo Shindo in the cockpit.WORLD WAR II JAPANESE ATTACK ON PEARL HARBORBY KING & COUNTRY LTD.Reviewed by: Stuart A. Hessney to achieve a quick victory by launching Mitsubishi A6M “Zero” fighters to control   a preemptive strike to destroy the U.S. the sky and strafe the ground. Pacific Fleet and vital military installationsDec. 7, 1941, “a date which will live in centered around Pearl Harbor, located Isolationist America was caughtinfamy,” is being commemorated by King west of Honolulu on Oahu Island. unprepared. Though there had been veiled& Country Ltd. with nine 1:30-scale Concurrent Japanese offensives were warnings and signs of Japanese hostilities,items based on the Japanese surprise geared to seize swaths of resource-rich no one in command in Washington,attack on the U.S. Navy base at Pearl Southeast Asia. D.C., or Hawaii anticipated an attackHarbor in Hawaii. on Pearl Harbor, especially prior to Yamamoto’s 33-vessel task force a formal declaration of war. The fleet They include a saluting figure of included six aircraft carriers: Akagi, Hiryu, was commanded by Adm. Husband E.Imperial Japanese Navy Adm. Isoroku Kaga, Shokaku, Soryu and Zuikaku. Kimmel. Ground forces were led by Lt.Yamamoto (ref. JN008), commander in Aboard them were Nakajima B5N “Kate” Gen. Walter C. Short. They would becomechief of the Combined Fleet during World bombers armed with either Type 91 scapegoats for what transpired Dec. 7.War II. Though he had counseled caution, torpedoes or armor-piercing ordnance,he accepted that war was inevitable. Aichi D3A “Val” dive bombers, and A minimal number of U.S. military personnel were on duty. Many servicemen Yamamoto was the architect of plans A “Flight Deck Flag were away on weekend leave. Most base Man” (ref. JN004) would offices were closed. have signaled takeoff and An American destroyer spotted and landing instructions. fired on a Japanese submarine trying to sneak into the harbor, but the report was ignored. Radar detected the incoming Japanese aircraft. However, a duty officer assumed the radar had spotted a flight of B-17 bombers due from California. Perhaps if air raid sirens had“Imperial Sailors kneel readyJapanese to remove aircraftNavy Bugler” wheel chocks in the(ref. JN003).  “Flight Deck Crew Set” (ref. JN002).46 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

“Imperial NavalPilot WithParachute”(ref. JN005). “Imperial A Japanese A Japanese Naval sailor waves sailor waves his his cap and cap and shouts Pilot With shouts “Banzai!” Headband” (ref. JN007). “Banzai!” (ref. (ref. JN006). JN007).been sounded, ensuing heavy military TORA! TORA! TORA! Production was capped at 150 ofand civilian casualties might have been the equally detailed Hiryu Zero (ref.mitigated. Films depicting the sneak attack have JN009) painted with blue stripes on the included “From Here to Eternity” tail and fuselage. It doesn’t come with Shortly before 8 a.m. on a sunny (1953) and “Pearl Harbor” (2001). K&C a pilot in the cockpit, so it costs a littleSunday morning, the first bombs and cofounder and Creative Director Andy less at £228.85/$239. The idea is fortorpedoes were delivered by 353 Japanese C. Nelson and company apparently drew collectors to stand pilots either holdingaircraft attacking in two waves. Out of the inspiration from my favorite movie about a parachute (ref. JN005) or tying up a92 naval vessels at anchor in the harbor, the battle, “Tora! Tora! Tora!” (1970), headband (ref. JN006) next to the fighter.18 ships were either sunk or sustained to unveil these items in time for 73rd These authentic aviators are priced atsevere damage. Some 188 U.S. aircraft anniversary in 2014. £40.95/$42 apiece.were also destroyed. America’s 3,700casualties included 2,403 killed. Japanese Zeroes were light, fast and packed a Matt-painted Japanese sailors in whitelosses were relatively light with 29 aircraft punch with their two cannons and two summer uniforms include a bugler (ref.and five midget subs lost, 65 men killed or machine guns as they nimbly flew rings JN003), a flag man (ref. JN004) and anwounded, and one sailor captured. around their foes. K&C’s “first major enthusiastic sailor waving his cap and release” of Japanese aircraft encompasses yelling “Banzai!” (ref. JN007). They cost Fortuitously for the Americans, the two versions of the iconic Zero. £38.95/$40 each, as does the Yamamotocarriers Enterprise and Lexington were figure modeled in a dark blue winterspared because they were at sea. U.S. forces The Akagi variant (ref. JN001) bears uniform.were knocked down, but not out. Japanese the markings of Lt. Saburo Shindo, whoefficiency versus American resilience was signaled the attack’s start by announcing A “Flight Deck Crew Set” (ref. JN002)underscored by how all eight battleships in “Tora! Tora! Tora!” over Pearl Harbor. The supplies two kneeling sailors ready to pullport were damaged and four sunk, but all dandy model includes a figure of Shindo chocks away from a plane's wheels. It sellsbut the USS Arizona were later raised and in the cockpit saluting before taking off. It for £76.96/$79.six returned to service. retails for £248.95 U.K./$259 U.S., with production limited to 250.     The Hiryu Zero (ref. IMPLACABLE FOE JN009) replicates a type Americans were profoundly shocked and of aircraft that helped outraged by the sneak attack Dec. 7. The demonstrate the capability next day President Franklin D. Roosevelt made his “date which will live in infamy” of carrier-borne strike speech before Congress, which promptly forces. The model is shown passed a declaration of war marking the with figures sold separately. U.S. entry into WWII. America would not rest until Japan surrendered under the shadow of mushroom clouds rising from the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. The Japanese poked a bear when they attacked Pearl Harbor. At least some realized they had unleashed an implacable colossus. Adm. Hara Tadichi observed, “We won a great tactical victory at Pearl Harbor and thereby lost the war.” n TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 47

MISCELLANEOUS NEW RELEASESBY THOMAS GUNN MINIATURESReviewed by: Stuart A. HessneyThree fighters flown by World War I inaugural German ace and one of the first A German storm trooper on sentryGerman aces highlight various new releases aviators to receive the Blue Max. duty (ref. GW041B) valued at £29.50from Thomas Gunn Miniatures (TGM). U.K./$40 U.S. is supplied with the $499 The pilot became synonymous with a Halberstadt set. Production was limited Simon Thomas Gunn, proprietor of the flying tactic called the Immelmann turn. to 14 examples. Each authentic aircraftU.K.-based business, has also taken the After scoring 15 victories, the 25-year-old represents 60 hours of painstaking labor,wraps off 1:30-scale, matt-painted figures aviator was shot down and killed by a British according to the maker.ranging from the French Foreign Legion to FE.2b pusher reconnaissance aircraft JuneWorld War II. A sampling is pictured here. 18, 1916. WWI releases also include a regular infantry German sentry (ref. GW041A)FIGHTER PLANES Each type of Eindecker is a limited that costs the same as his storm trooper edition of only seven sets priced at $399 U.S. counterpart. A very neat French armyTwo of the fighter planes replicate the carrier pigeon set (ref. GW045) portraysFokker Eindecker. Designed by Dutch TGM’s second version of a Halberstadt one poilu holding the bird while hisengineer Anthony Fokker, this type of (ref. 019) is brightly painted yellow and partner in horizon-blue uniform uses hissingle-seat monoplane first took wing into red as flown by Max Niemann. This sort of water bottle as a base to write a reportbattle in July 1915. biplane was a two-seater that proved useful for winged delivery. Please expect to pay in both ground attack and escort fighter £59/$79 for the pigeon group. The Eindecker was a milestone because roles due to its excellent speed, rate of climbit was the first aircraft equipped with a and armament.synchronization gear that enabled a pilotto fire his machine gun forward throughthe propeller’s arch without striking theblades. This key innovation triggered aperiod of German air superiority knownas the “Fokker Scourge” that lasted untilearly 1916. Allied pilots ruefully called theirinadequately armed planes “Fokker Fodder.” New additions to TGM’s “Wings ofWar” series include a model of the Eindecker(ref. 017) flown by Lt. Otto Parschau. Hand-carved from mahogany, the fighter is paintedin a beige and green scheme. Parschau was the first pilot to fly aprototype aircraft fitted with a synchronizedParabellum MG14 light machine gun (laterversions had up to three machine guns). Hiseight aerial victories, which included thedowning of an observation balloon, rankedhim as one of the war’s first aces and broughthim the Pour le Mérite (Blue Max). Though Parschau was badly woundedin a dogfight with the Royal Flying CorpsJuly 21, 1916, he managed to land behindGerman lines. He was rushed to a fieldhospital, but died on the operating table atage 25. The Parschau monoplane comes withfigures depicting the pilot adjusting hisflying helmet while a comrade snaps aphotograph. Two figures also come with an all-green Eindecker (ref. 018) representingthe version flown by Max Immelmann, astudent of Parschau. Immelmann was theABOVE RIGHT: TGM’s model of Otto Parschau’sgroundbreaking Fokker Eindecker (ref. 017).  ABOVE MIDDLE: Max Immelmann’s FokkerEindecker (ref. 018) has an all-green paint schemeand comes with two figures. RIGHT:TGM’s second version of a Halberstadtfighter (ref. 019) is brightly painted in a yellow and redcolor scheme. The set comes with a storm troopersentry (ref. GW041B) that’s also available separately.48 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE

ABOVE: WWII D-Day U.S. Army Ranger kneeling with the “wet look” boots and trousers (ref. USA004B). ABOVE LEFT: WWII releases include a dead U.S. Army Ranger with a Bangalore torpedo (ref. USA005A). LEFT: A bird is ready to do his duty in the WWI French carrier pigeon set (ref. GW045).   BELOW: Desert version of German Fallschirmjäger Maj. Heinz Adolff (ref. FJ010C).LEGION & MORE notes on a map board (ref. FL032).They cost available in either desert (ref. FJ010C) or £30.75/$42 each while a legionnaire leading winter dress (ref. FJ010B). Those singlesOther limited-run items include a wounded a donkey (ref. FL032) sells for £57.50/$75. cost £29.50/$40.Redcoat of the 24th Foot clutching hisstomach (ref. SF019A) with his pith helmet World War II additions include U.S. Well-done detailing and painting graceat his feet during the Anglo-Zulu War of Army Rangers in action on D-Day in 1944. all these items. n1879. Priced at £29.50/$40, it joins the Variants of a kneeling soldier are modeledmaker’s “Scramble for Africa” series. in either high-leg boots (ref. USA004A) or “wet look” boots and trousers (ref. Fans of the “classic” French Foreign USA004B). A dead Ranger with BangaloreLegion soldiers uniformed in “Beau Geste” torpedoes (ref. USA005A) is also availablefilm style can collect a legionnaire scanning in the “wet look” (ref. USA005B). Thethe horizon with a brass telescope on a rifle, helmet and torpedoes are suppliedtripod (ref. FL0031) while an officer makes separately from the slain GI. The Rangers cost £29.50/$40 apiece.BELOW: A Zulu War Redcoat of the 24th Footclutches his wounded stomach (ref. SFA019A). Axis aficionados can collect Japanese marines, including a prone riflemanBELOW MIDDLE: A WWII Japanese marine is wearing a backpack (ref. RS009) orposed kneeling with a mortar (ref. RS010). kneeling man with an infantry mortar (ref. RS010). In addition, a previously releasedBELOW RIGHT: A soldier of the French Foreign Legion figure of Nazi Germany’s highly decorateduses a telescope to scan the horizon (ref. FFL031). Fallschirmjäger Maj. Heinz Adolff is now TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE 49

INDIAN REBELLION OF 1857: BLACK WATCH HIGHLANDERSBY TRADITION OF LONDON LTD.Reviewed by: Stuart A. Hessney Black Watch colour Seven reinforcements for the party of the Indian 42nd Foot come in set ref. 1104.Five fresh releases from Tradition of London Rebellion (ref. 1103).Ltd. depict Scottish Highlanders of the His toy troops could reinforce a Victoria42nd Regiment of Foot (Black Watch) white forage caps, red tunics and the Cross-themed series produced by W. Britainduring the Indian Rebellion of 1857. regiment’s distinctive Government-pattern a few years ago. It was inspired by how plaid kilts. British forces commanded by Sir Colin The revolt began May 10, when Campbell stormed the Secundra Baghsepoys of the East India Company’s army Sets of six Highlanders armed with Palace during the second relief of Lucknowmutinied over an accumulation of gripes bayonet-tipped Enfield rifle-muskets are Nov. 16, 1857. It should come as no surprisein the cantonment at the town of Meerut. posed either standing firing (ref. 1100) or that Tradition and W. Britain’s stylish figuresThe crisis escalated quickly as more kneeling firing (ref. 1101). Please expect to can fit together well since Andrew was themilitary mutinies and civilian uprisings pay £82.75 per half-dozen of them to form sculptor behind them all!  nagainst British rule broke out in central a firing line complemented by a mountedIndian and the upper Gangetic plain. officer (ref. 1102) priced at £37.75. Tradition’s new Black Watch officer on At the time of the mutiny, there were A seven-piece colour party (ref. 1103) horseback (ref. 1102).about 50,000 British soldiers in the is comprised of an officer with his swordCompany’s army compared to more than drawn, a drummer, ensigns with either a300,000 mostly Hindu or Muslim sepoys furled Queen’s flag or a billowing regimentalrecruited locally. Hostilities were mainly banner, two privates at ready, and one privateconfined to the Delhi area, Bihar, northern at ease. A group of eight reinforcements (ref.Madhya Pradesh and present-day Uttar 1104) is comprised of an officer, a private atPradesh. ease, two each of the Highlanders kneeling and firing, and two soldiers at ready. Each of Because of the lengthy sea voyage it those sets sell for £104.75.  took to send in more troops from Englandand elsewhere, it took a while for the As usual from Tradition, these fineBritish Empire to strike back against the figures were made in England and are alsoviolent threat to the Company’s power. available as castings. They were expertlyThe Black Watch formed part of the designed by none other than the veryHighland Brigade that saw action at talented Andrew C. Stadden. More BritishCawnpore and Lucknow during the course forces and Indian opposition are in theof 1858. The fall of Gwalior June 20, 1858, works, according to Tradition proprietormarked the climax of heavy fighting. Magnus Lindström. Though the Company had kept apresence in India since 1612, the rebellionled to its dissolution in 1858. The Britishreorganized the army, financial systemand administration of India. In addition,the “Jewel of the Empire” became directlygoverned by the crown as the age of theBritish Raj dawned.  FIRING LINEA gong that tolls the hours in BlackWatch quarters was captured during theIndian Mutiny. Highlanders like themen who seized the prize are being paidtribute by Tradition with 54-mm figureshandsomely painted in traditional gloss.They sport campaign beards, curtained An example of the six standing firing Highlanders that form set ref. 1100. A half-dozen kneeling firing soldiers of the Black Watch like this make up set ref. 1101.50 TOY SOLDIER & MODEL FIGURE