BỘ CÂU HỎI MÔN KHTN LỚP 7 KNTT

["C\u00e2u 5 (TH): C\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 l\u00e0 A. L\u00e0m ng\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. B. Gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong h\u1ea1t, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. C. Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf h\u1ea1t. D. Gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong h\u1ea1t, l\u00e0m ng\u1eebng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 6 (TH): Trong c\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang? (1) T\u00f9y theo t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c nhau. (2) \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ng\u01b0ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. (3) C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1: H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed oxygen, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed carbon dioxide nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 khi b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n. (4) C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t. (5) Ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n sau thu ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 7 (TH): C\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 A. t\u0103ng nh\u1eb9 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. B. gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. C. t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u0111a. D. gi\u1ea3m c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 8 (VD): V\u00ec sao ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u hoa ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y xanh trong ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn c\u1eeda? A. V\u00ec h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y kh\u00ed oxygen, th\u1ea3i ra kh\u00ed carbon dioxide, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn c\u1eeda, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ebd thi\u1ebfu oxygen v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u carbon dioxide khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ng\u1ea1t th\u1edf, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1eed vong. B. V\u00ec h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ea3i ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong ph\u00f2ng, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C. V\u00ec h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ea3i ra nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00ed CO g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c cho h\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. D. V\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ee7, khi\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ee7 ch\u1eadt ch\u1ed9i. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 9 (VD): Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi? A. T\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 thao v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. B. \u0102n th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a glucose \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p. C. T\u1eadp h\u00edt th\u1edf s\u00e2u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. D. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y xanh trong ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 10 (VD): H\u00f4 h\u1ea5p di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y?","A. L\u00faa \u0111ang tr\u1ed5 b\u00f4ng. B. L\u00faa \u0111ang ch\u00edn. C. L\u00faa \u0111ang l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f2ng. D. H\u1ea1t l\u00faa \u0111ang n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 11 (NB): Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u00e2p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9 oxygen, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 carbon dioxide,... C\u00e2u 12 (NB): K\u1ec3 t\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. Hi\u1ec7n nay, gia \u0111\u00ecnh em \u0111ang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n n\u00e0o? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n kh\u00f4, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u1ea1nh, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9 carbon dioxide cao v\u00e0 n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed9 oxygen th\u1ea5p. - HS t\u1ef1 k\u1ec3 t\u00ean c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111ang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh. C\u00e2u 13 (TH): V\u00ec sao c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o kho b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u h\u01a1n. C\u00e2u 14 (TH): V\u00ec sao m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Do trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3m c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f2 h\u1ea5p xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1eabn b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e2u 15 (VD): Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ee3p l\u00ed v\u00e0 tr\u1ed5ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y xanh c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ee3p l\u00ed nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1, c\u00f2n vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed5ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y xanh s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n oxygen \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. C\u00e2u 16 (VDC): C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o gi\u00fap qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi di\u1ec5n ra b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - C\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u01a1i th\u1ec3 thao v\u1eeba s\u1ee9c, tr\u00e1nh thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t oxygen.","- C\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ee3p l\u00ed; tr\u1ed5ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y xanh. - Kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p,... B\u00c0I 27 TH\u1ef0C H\u00c0NH H\u00d4 H\u1ea4P \u1ede TH\u1ef0C V\u1eacT C\u00e2u 1: <TH> T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t ch\u1eafc, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb v\u1ee1, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ecdt? A. Ch\u1ecdn h\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u00e2y non khi m\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. B. H\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb v\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho h\u1ea1t n\u00e0y m\u1ea7m th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y con ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. C. H\u1ea1t to ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf h\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, h\u1ea1t ch\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf ph\u00f4i kh\u1ecfe. D. C\u1ea3 3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n tr\u00ean. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 2: <NB> T\u1ea1i sao tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gieo h\u1ea1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t ? A. Tr\u00e1nh h\u1ea1t b\u1ecb h\u01b0 B. T\u0103ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong h\u1ea1t C. Tr\u00e1nh h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gieo D. \u0110\u1ec3 gieo h\u1ea1t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 3: <NB> S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m sau theo \u0111\u00fang ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng minh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u1edf h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng minh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u1edf h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m. \u0110\u00c1P \u00c1N 1. \u2026\u2026\u2026 A. Ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t ch\u1eafc, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb v\u1ee1, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ecdt. 2. \u2026\u2026\u2026 B. Quan s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i trong. 3. \u2026\u2026\u2026 C. Cho h\u1ea1t ra \u0111\u0129a Petri c\u00f3 l\u00f3t b\u00f4ng \u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea5y th\u1ea5m \u1ea9m. 4. \u2026\u2026\u2026 D. \u0110\u1eb7t \u0111\u0129a Petri c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u00f9ng c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i trong v\u00e0o trong 5. \u2026\u2026\u2026 chu\u00f4ng A. \u0110\u1eb7t c\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i trong v\u00e0o trong chu\u00f4ng B. 6. \u2026\u2026\u2026 E. Ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m. F. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u0129a trong t\u1ee7 \u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: 1.A; 2. E; 3. C; 4. F; 5 D; 6 B C\u00e2u 4: <TH> C\u00e1c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh sau \u0111\u00e2y, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng minh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt? (1). H\u1ea1t sau khi ng\u00e2m n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf t\u1ee7 \u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1i kh\u00f4 tho\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, k\u00edch th\u00edch h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m. (2). L\u00f3t b\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5m \u1ea9m r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eb7t trong \u0111\u0129a Petri \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0 s\u00e2u b\u1ecd \u0103n h\u1ea1t. (3). C\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4i trong \u1edf chu\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u00e1ng tr\u1eafng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f2n \u1edf chu\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3. (4). Ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gieo l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea9n b\u00e1m v\u00e0o v\u1ecf h\u1ea1t. (5). M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eady chu\u00f4ng k\u00edn trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 carbon dioxide c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong chu\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang: A. (1), (2), (3). B. (2), (3), (4). C. (3), (4), (5). D. (1), (3), (5). \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D","C\u00e2u 5: <B> L\u00f3t b\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eb7t trong \u0111\u0129a Petri c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u00ec? A. Ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n kh\u00ed oxygen tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t. B. Cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cho h\u1ea1t. C. Cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho h\u1ea1t. D. L\u00e0m m\u00e1t cho h\u1ea1t. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 1: <B> V\u00ec sao mu\u1ed1n cho h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Khi mu\u1ed1n cho h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec kh\u00ed ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd gi\u00fap k\u00edch th\u00edch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng, gi\u00fap h\u1ea1t nhanh n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m h\u01a1n. C\u00e2u 2:<VD> V\u00e0o k\u00ec ngh\u1ec9 h\u00e8, Lan th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb9 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u00e0m gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed7 t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu xanh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam ngu\u1ed3n rau s\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc Lan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u01b0 sau: B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: L\u1ecdc b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t l\u00e9p, m\u1ecdt ho\u1eb7c v\u1ee1. B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu trong r\u1ed5 (r\u00e1) v\u00e0 ch\u00e0 x\u00e1t. B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m (400C \u0111\u1ebfn 450C) kho\u1ea3ng 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 gi\u1edd. B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Cho h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1, \u0111\u1ec3 trong ch\u1ed7 t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 cho h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu \u201cu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y 2 l\u1ea7n. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, em h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m tr\u00ean. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed7: - B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: L\u1ecdc b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t l\u00e9p, m\u1ecdt ho\u1eb7c v\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m k\u00e9m \u2192 Gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i. - B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu trong r\u1ed5 (r\u00e1) v\u00e0 ch\u00e0 x\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. - B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Ng\u00e2m h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5m (40oC\u0111\u1ebfn 45oC) kho\u1ea3ng 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ea1t no n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2192 K\u00edch th\u00edch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o di\u1ec5n ra nhanh v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho s\u1ef1 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m. - B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: + \u0110\u1ec3 trong ch\u1ed7 t\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trung gian g\u00e2y \u0111\u1eafng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, trong b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1 c\u0169ng di\u1ec5n ra nhanh h\u01a1n. + Cho h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu \u201cu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d hai l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc cho gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. B\u00e0i 28: TRAO \u0110\u1ed4I KH\u00cd \u1ede SINH V\u1eacT C\u00e2u 1<NB> Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o trong ng\u00e0y? A. S\u00e1ng s\u1edbm","B. Bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u C. Bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i D. Su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 2<NB> Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o trong ng\u00e0y? A. S\u00e1ng s\u1edbm B. Bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u C. Bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i D. Su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 3<NB>Trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u1edf nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt : A. \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt B . C\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi C. \u1ede th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt khi c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi D . Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 4<NB>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quang h\u1ee3p c\u00e2y xanh nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed: A. Oxygen B. Carbon dioxide C. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed D. C\u1ea3 Oxygen v\u00e0 Carbon dioxide \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 5<NB>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quang h\u1ee3p c\u00e2y xanh th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed: A. Oxygen B. Carbon dioxide C. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed D. C\u1ea3 Oxygen v\u00e0 Carbon dioxide \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 6<NB>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u00e2y xanh nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed: A. Oxygen B. Carbon dioxide C. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed D. C\u1ea3 Oxygen v\u00e0 Carbon dioxide \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 7<NB>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u00e2y xanh th\u1ea3i ra ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed: A. Oxygen B. Carbon dioxide C. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed","D. C\u1ea3 Oxygen v\u00e0 Carbon dioxide \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 8<NB>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed: A. Oxygen B. Carbon dioxide C. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed D. C\u1ea3 Oxygen v\u00e0 Carbon dioxide \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 9<NB>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u1ea3i ra ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed: A. Oxygen B. Carbon dioxide C. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed D. C\u1ea3 Oxygen v\u00e0 Carbon dioxide \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 10<NB>\u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ed5i l\u00e0 A. Chim b\u1ed3 c\u00e2u B. Ki\u1ebfn C. C\u00e1 ch\u00e9p D. \u1ed0c s\u00ean \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 11<NB>\u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 A. Chim b\u1ed3 c\u00e2u B. Ki\u1ebfn C. C\u00e1 ch\u00e9p D. Ch\u00f3 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 12<TH> N\u01a1i di\u1ec5n ra s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00e0 A. R\u1ec5. B. Th\u00e2n. C. L\u00e1. D. Qu\u1ea3 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 13<TH> C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n . C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u2026\u2026(1)\u2026 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u00f3\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026(2) A. (1)n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao (2) n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p B. (1)n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p (2) n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao C. (1)nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng (2) \u00edt \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng D. (1)Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao (2) nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A","C\u00e2u 14<TH> Hai t\u1ebf b\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng g\u00ec? A. H\u00ecnh h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu B. Y\u00ean ng\u1ef1a C.L\u00f5m 2 m\u1eb7t D. H\u00ecnh thoi \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 15<TH> Kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00e1 c\u00e2y? A.Gi\u00fap c\u00e2y quang h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p B. Gi\u00fap c\u00e2y t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng C. Gi\u00fap l\u00e1 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh. D. Gi\u00fap trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 16<TH> Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt di\u1ec5n ra A. Nhanh, m\u1ea1nh B. Ch\u1eadm C. b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng D. kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 17<TH> L\u00e1 c\u00e2y h\u00ecnh phi\u1ebfn m\u1ecfng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1edbn c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u00ec cho vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed A. T\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n B. Qu\u1ea1t gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00ed C. Che \u0111\u1ee1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng D. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u00ec \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 18<VD>V\u00ec sao khi b\u1eaft giun \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o th\u00ec nhanh b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft? A. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o, da giun b\u1ecb kh\u00f4, kh\u00ed CO2 v\u00e0 O2 kh\u00f4ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n qua da, giun kh\u00f4ng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p n\u00ean nhanh ch\u1ebft. B. Do \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u CO2 n\u00ean b\u1ecb ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c. C. Do giun ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ea5t, r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea5t giun s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft. D. Do giun \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng O2 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 cho c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00ean giun nhanh b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 19<VD> \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1i l\u00e0: A. V\u1ea3y d\u1ec5 bong B. Mang c\u00e1 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf th\u1eabm C. Mang c\u00e1 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf t\u01b0\u01a1i D. Mang c\u00e1 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng","\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 20<VD> Kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt? A. R\u1ec5 c\u00e2y B. Th\u00e2n c\u00e2y C. L\u00e1 c\u00e2y D. Qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 21<VD>\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb t\u1ed1t v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u hoa, c\u00e2y xanh trong ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn c\u1eeda: A. Do c\u00e2y xanh quang h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y oxygen nh\u1ea3 ra carbon dioxide B. Do c\u00e2y xanh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y oxygen nh\u1ea3 ra carbon dioxide C. Do c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00eam D. Do c\u00e2y xanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 22<VDC> Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u00edt th\u1edf s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0: A.Gi\u00fap c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00ed oxygen c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n ra thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n. B. Gi\u00fap c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh h\u01a1n. C . Gi\u00fap c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c kh\u00ed oxygen. D. Gi\u00fap t\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 23<VDC>Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng nhau c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec? ( c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn) A. C\u01a1 quan th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed. B. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 C. C\u00e1c kh\u00ed tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 carbon dioxide v\u00e0 oxygen. D. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 24<VDC> C\u01a1 quan h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y trao \u0111\u1ed5i khi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t? A. ph\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a b\u00f2 s\u00e1t B. ph\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a chim C. ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 da c\u1ee7a \u1ebfch nh\u00e1i D. da c\u1ee7a giun \u0111\u1ea5t \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 25<VDC>\u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n b\u00e0o hay \u0111a b\u00e0o c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p (ru\u1ed9t khoang, giun tr\u00f2n, giun d\u1eb9p) h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p A. b\u1eb1ng mang","B. b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ed5i C. b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng kh\u00ed D. qua b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 26<VDC>C\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p A. b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng kh\u00ed B. b\u1eb1ng mang C. b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ed5i D. qua b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 27<VDC> X\u00e9t c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt sau: (1) t\u00f4m (2) cua (3) ch\u00e2u ch\u1ea5u (4) trai (5) giun \u0111\u1ea5t (6) \u1ed1c Nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i n\u00e0o h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng mang ? A. (1), (2), (3) v\u00e0 (5) B. (4) v\u00e0 (5) C. (1), (2), (4) v\u00e0 (6) D. (3), (4), (5) v\u00e0 (6) \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 28<VD>Vi sao khi t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh, s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed di\u1ec5n ra nhanh h\u01a1n? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Khi t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea9n nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. H\u00f2 h\u1ea5p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, oxygen l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng oxygen cho t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, h\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u00e0m nh\u1ecbp h\u00f2 h\u1ea5p t\u0103ng. C\u00e2u 29<VDC> V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng , s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ea1nh hay y\u1ebfu? V\u00ec sao? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: S\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y di\u1ec5n ra ch\u1eadm trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y tr\u1eddi n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng. Khi tr\u1eddi n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng, kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed qua kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. C\u00e2u 30<VDC> V\u00ec sao khi b\u1eaft c\u00e1 b\u1ecf l\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1n sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian th\u00ec c\u00e1 s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Khi b\u1eaft c\u00e1 l\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c l\u00e1 mang d\u00ednh ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o nhau do m\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m cho di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed gi\u1ea3m. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c l\u00e1 mang kh\u00f4 l\u1ea1i, oxygen v\u00e0 carbon dioxide kh\u00f4ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u00e1 s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft.","C\u00e2u 31<TH> V\u1ebd s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed qua kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u1edf l\u00e1 c\u00e2y trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quang h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Quang h\u1ee3p: Carbon dioxide t\u1eeb m\u00f2i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u2192 kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u2192 khoang ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed \u2192 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ecbt l\u00e1. Oxygen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ecbt l\u00e1 \u2192 khoang ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed \u2192 kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u2192 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i. H\u00f4 h\u1ea5p: Oxygen t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u2192 kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u2192 khoang ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed \u2192 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ecbt l\u00e1. Carbon dioxide t\u1eeb t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ecbt l\u00e1 \u2192 khoang ch\u00faa kh\u00ed \u2192 kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u2192 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i. C\u00e2u 32< NB>K\u1ec3 t\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua: da, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng kh\u00ed, mang, ph\u1ed5i,... B\u00c0I 29: VAI TR\u00d2 C\u1ee6A N\u01af\u1edaC V\u00c0 C\u00c1C CH\u1ea4T DINH D\u01af\u1ee0NG \u0110\u1ed0I V\u1edaI SINH V\u1eacT C\u00e2u 1: Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5t bao nhi\u00eau l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 th\u00ec t\u1eed vong? A. 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5%. B. 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 4%. C. 6 \u0111\u1ebfn 8%. D. 12 \u0111\u1ebfn 20%. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 2: S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u? A. \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng. B. Nh\u00e0 \u1edf. C. Ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc. D. Ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n:D C\u00e2u 3: \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc? A. L\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong su\u1ed1t, kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, kh\u00f4ng m\u00f9i. B. S\u00f4i \u1edf 100oC v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c \u1edf 0oC. C. Do c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c, n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i h\u00f2a tan nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t. D. M\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ed3m hai nguy\u00ean t\u1eed oxygen li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi 1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed hydrogen. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 4: H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc? A. B. C. D.","\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 5: Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc? A. N\u01b0\u1edbc tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. B. N\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. C. N\u01b0\u1edbc cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ed1ng. D. N\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 6: \u1ede \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee9a trong n\u00f3, ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh m\u1ea5y nh\u00f3m? A. 2 nh\u00f3m. B. 3 nh\u00f3m. C. 4 nh\u00f3m. D. 5 nh\u00f3m. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 7: Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Lipit l\u00e0 g\u00ec? A. D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng B. Ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t C. L\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i h\u00f2a tan m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vitamin gi\u00fap c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c D. C\u1ea3 A, B v\u00e0 C \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 8: Vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a vitamin? A. L\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. B. Tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t. C. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. D. Cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 9: Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p nguy hi\u1ec3m? 1. Ch\u1ea1y b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i 2. H\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. 3. Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1eddi n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng. 4. Sau khi \u0103n c\u01a1m 5. S\u1ed1t cao. 6. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ng\u1ee7. A. 6 B. 4 C. 5 D. 3 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 10. T\u1ea1i sao khi b\u1ecb t\u00e1o b\u00f3n, b\u00e1c s\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u00ean ch\u00fang ta u\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc? A. N\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt. B. N\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap th\u1ea3i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. C. N\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n cho n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o hormon. D. N\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B","C\u00e2u 11: NB . N\u00eau vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh v\u1eadt, Cho v\u00ed d\u1ee5. \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu sinh v\u1eadt b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - N\u01b0\u1edbc g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quang h\u1ee3p \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt - N\u01b0\u1edbc g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt - N\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 - N\u1ebfu c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: C\u00e2y kh\u00f4 h\u00e9o v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00e2u 12: NB Ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sinh v\u1eadt? Cho v\u00ed d\u1ee5. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t Vai tr\u00f2 V\u00ed d\u1ee5 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng Khoai lang, b\u00e1nh m\u00ec, Carbohydrate Ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u01a1m, ng\u00f4, khoai t\u00e2y. - C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 Th\u1ecbt g\u00e0, tr\u1ee9ng, s\u1eefa, Protein - Gi\u00fap c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eadu. Lipit h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng di\u1ec5n ra thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n Vitamin v\u00e0 - D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng S\u1eefa, b\u01a1, d\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t - Ch\u1ed1ng m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1ee9ng, socola,... - L\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i h\u00f2a tan m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vitamin gi\u00fap c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c - Tham gia c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o enzyme, x\u01b0\u01a1ng, r\u0103ng,... Hoa qu\u1ea3, rau c\u1ee7 - Tham gia c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 t\u01b0\u01a1i,... th\u1ec3 C\u00e2u 13: TH \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sinh v\u1eadt b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9o d\u00e0i? Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Khi thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9o d\u00e0i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o do thi\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u00f2i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft. C\u00e2u 14: VD Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c th\u1eeba nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u01a1n nhu c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00ec? Theo em, c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - Khi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y c\u00f2i x\u01b0\u01a1ng, suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf tr\u1ebb em. - Khi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p d\u01b0 th\u1eeba ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng so v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u th\u00ec d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y th\u1eeba c\u00e2n, b\u00e9o ph\u00ec l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 tim m\u1ea1ch, ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u2026","- \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean th\u00ec trong \u0103n u\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n h\u1ee3p l\u00ed, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n\u2026 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf. C\u00e2u 15: VDC Khi b\u1ecb n\u00f4n, s\u1ed1t cao ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, em c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m g\u00ec? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Khi b\u1ecb n\u00f4n, s\u1ed1t cao ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, em c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 truy\u1ec1n n\u01b0\u1edbc, u\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i, ... B\u00c0I 30: TRAO \u0110\u1ed4I N\u01af\u1edaC V\u00c0 C\u00c1C CH\u1ea4T DINH D\u01af\u1ee0NG \u1ede TH\u1ef0C V\u1eacT C\u00e2u 1 <NB>: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 l\u00e0 A. n\u01b0\u1edbc. B. c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u1edf r\u1ec5. C. c\u00e1c ion kho\u00e1ng. D. n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ion kho\u00e1ng. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 2 <NB>: Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y l\u00e0 A. n\u01b0\u1edbc. B. c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1. C. c\u00e1c ion kho\u00e1ng. D. n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ion kho\u00e1ng. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 3 <NB>: N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u1edf th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu A. qua m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y theo chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng. B. t\u1eeb m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 sang m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y. C. t\u1eeb m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y sang m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7. D. qua m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 4 <NB>: Ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u1edf th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu A. qua m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y theo chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng. B. t\u1eeb m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 sang m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y. C. t\u1eeb m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y sang m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7. D. qua m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 5 <NB>: R\u1ec5 c\u00e2y tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ion mu\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu qua A. mi\u1ec1n l\u00f4ng h\u00fat. B. mi\u1ec1n ch\u00f3p r\u1ec5. C. mi\u1ec1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng. D. mi\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 6 <TH>: Khi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng no n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec A. th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng c\u0103ng ra, th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y co l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m cho kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1edf ra. B. th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y c\u0103ng ra l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng c\u0103ng theo, kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1edf ra. C. th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y c\u0103ng ra l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng co l\u1ea1i, kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1edf ra. D. th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng c\u0103ng ra l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y c\u0103ng theo, kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1edf ra. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 7 <TH>: Khi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec","A. th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng h\u1ebft c\u0103ng ra l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng, kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i. B. th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y c\u0103ng ra l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng cong theo, kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i. C. th\u00e0nh d\u1ea3y c\u0103ng ra l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng co l\u1ea1i, kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i. D. th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng c\u0103ng ra l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng, kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng kh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 8 <TH>: Khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong c\u00e2y, ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00fang? A. V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n trong m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f2n trong m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng. B. D\u00f2ng m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 lu\u00f4n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1, d\u00f2ng m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y lu\u00f4n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1. C. M\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gluc\u00f4z\u01a1, m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c. D. M\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb r\u1ec5 l\u00ean l\u00e1, m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y th\u00ec v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb l\u00e1 xu\u1ed1ng r\u1ec5. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 9 <VD>: Trong m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng minh d\u00f2ng m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ti\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t dung d\u1ecbch m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t dung d\u1ecbch m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n \u1edf c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u1ea3y ra sau kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y? A. Ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y (ph\u1ea7n xa m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t) ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1ecf, c\u00f2n ch\u00f3p r\u1ec5 (ph\u1ea7n s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t) ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m v\u00e0ng. B. Ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m v\u00e0ng; ch\u00f3p r\u1ec5 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1ecf. C. Ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng; ch\u00f3p r\u1ec5 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1ecf. D. Ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1ecf; ch\u00f3p r\u1ec5 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: D\u00f2ng m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 lu\u00f4n di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb r\u1ec5 l\u00ean ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y \u2192 mang theo thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m v\u00e0ng l\u00ean ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y. D\u00f2ng m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp c\u00e1i c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y \u2192 mang thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1ecf \u0111i kh\u1eafp c\u00e2y. Ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng; ch\u00f3p r\u1ec5 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1ecf. C\u00e2u 10 <VD>: C\u00e2y s\u1ed1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y? A. Tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u00ean trong l\u00e1. B. Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. C. Gi\u1ea3m \u00e1nh n\u1eafng gay g\u1eaft c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. D. T\u0103ng t\u1ebf s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 11. <VDC> V\u00ec sao d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y m\u00e1t h\u01a1n d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1i che b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: D\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y m\u00e1t h\u01a1n d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1i che b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00ec:","- Kho\u1ea3ng 90% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 c\u00e2y h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i ra ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ra qua kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u1edf l\u00e1, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1n c\u00e2y, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 6-10oC so v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u00e1t h\u01a1n. - C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1edf ra \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec O2 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 CO2 c\u0169ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n v\u00e0o l\u00e1. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u O2 v\u00e0 \u00edt CO2 xung quanh s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1n c\u00e2y d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu h\u01a1n. - C\u00e1c m\u00e1i che b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean, ngo\u00e0i ra ch\u00fang c\u00f2n h\u1ea5p thu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec7t. V\u00ec v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1i che s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi khi \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y. C\u00e2u 12.<VD> V\u00ec sao tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c gieo h\u1ea1t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0y, b\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t k\u0129, b\u00f3n l\u00f3t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0y b\u1eeba cho \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a tan ch\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t. - B\u00f3n l\u00f3t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u0169ng c\u1ea5p th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho \u0111\u1ea5t. => T\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2y, h\u1ea1t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t. C\u00e2u 13.<TH> Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: * \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y: - Tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf l\u00e1 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng trong c\u00e2y. - H\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 khi g\u1eb7p n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng. - Gi\u00fap kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1edf, kh\u00ed CO2 \u0111i v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho quang h\u1ee3p. * \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: - L\u00e0m m\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed xung quanh. - H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 kh\u00ed CO2 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u00ed O2 ra ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng => \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. C\u00e2u 14. <TH> M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a r\u1ec5? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - N\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu qua t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u00f4ng h\u00fat. - N\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng t\u1eeb t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u00f4ng h\u00fat v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a r\u1ec5 theo 2 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng: + Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gian b\u00e0o: n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng t\u1eeb t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u00f4ng h\u00fat \u0111i qua kho\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng gian gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0o trong m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a r\u1ec5. + Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t: N\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng t\u1eeb t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u00f4ng h\u00fat \u0111i xuy\u00ean qua t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0o trong m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a r\u1ec5. C\u00e2u 15. <NB> Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong c\u00e2y? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - N\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng ho\u00e0 tan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n theo m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 t\u1eeb r\u1ec5 l\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y (d\u00f2ng \u0111i l\u00ean).","- Ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 do l\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1i d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef nh\u1edd m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y (d\u00f2ng \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng). C\u00e2u 16. <NB> Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng l\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng. V\u00ec: - M\u1ed7i kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi 2 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u00ecnh h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu. M\u1ed7i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u00eda trong d\u00e0y h\u01a1n, th\u00e0nh ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n. Hai t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u00eda trong quay v\u00e0o nhau. - Khi no n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e1ch m\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng c\u0103ng ph\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m cho v\u00e1ch d\u00e0y cong theo, l\u1ed7 kh\u00ed m\u1edf ra, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc tho\u00e1t ra. Khi m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e1ch m\u1ecfng h\u1ebft c\u0103ng v\u00e0 v\u00e1ch d\u00e0y u\u1ed1n th\u1eb3ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m l\u1ed7 kh\u00ed \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ra. B\u00e0i 31: TRAO \u0110\u1ed4I N\u01af\u1edaC V\u00c0 CH\u1ea4T DINH D\u01af\u1ee0NG \u1ede \u0110\u1ed8NG V\u1eacT C\u00e2u 1.<NB> Trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5: A.Cacbohy\u0111rate, protein, lipid B.Protein, lipid, vitamin C. Vitamin, Cacbohy\u0111rate, mu\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng D.N\u01b0\u1edbc, mu\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng, vitamin \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 2<NB>. \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt thu nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0103n t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng qua ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o? A. Th\u1edf B.\u0102n C. U\u1ed1ng D.\u0102n v\u00e0 u\u1ed1ng \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 3<NB>. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed3m m\u1ea5y giai \u0111o\u1ea1n? A. 2 B. 3 C.4 D.5 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 4<NB>. N\u01a1i h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong \u1ed1ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a l\u00e0: A. th\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n B. d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y C. ru\u1ed9t non D. ru\u1ed9t gi\u00e0 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 5.<NB> Vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt do h\u1ec7 c\u01a1 quan n\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch A.H\u1ec7 tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n B. H\u1ec7 b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft C.H\u1ec7 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a D.H\u1ec7 n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 6<TH>.Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 v\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n l\u1edbn: A. V\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0a m\u00e1u gi\u00e0u O2 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed CO2 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tim.","B. V\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0a m\u00e1u gi\u00e0u kh\u00ed CO2 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u00ed O2 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tim C. V\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0a m\u00e1u ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed CO2 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, nh\u1eadn m\u00e1u gi\u00e0u kh\u00ed O2 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tim D. V\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0a m\u00e1u gi\u00e0u O2 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u00ed CO2 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tim \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 7.<TH> Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u00e2u r\u0103ng l\u00e0 do? A. \u0102n th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng 2 l\u1ea7n. B. \u0102n th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh r\u0103ng mi\u1ec7ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch C. \u0102n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ecbt, v\u1ec7 sinh r\u0103ng mi\u1ec7ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean D. \u0102n th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u canxi, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng 1 l\u1ea7n \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 8<TH>. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t c\u1ea7n: A. \u0102n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ecbt, kh\u00f4ng \u0103n rau xanh. B. \u0102n nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1, b\u1edbt th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1m C. \u0102n u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5t, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 sinh \u0103n u\u1ed1ng D. Th\u00edch g\u00ec \u0103n \u0111\u1ea5y. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 9<TH>. Thi\u1ebfu vitamin A, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0o? A. Kh\u00f4 m\u1eaft B. Qu\u00e1ng g\u00e0 C. Kh\u00f4 m\u1eaft, qu\u00e1ng g\u00e0 D. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 10<VDC>. B\u1ea1n An n\u1eb7ng 30 kg. D\u1ef1a theo khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng qu\u1ed1c gia, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n An c\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y l\u00e0: A. 700 ml B. 1200 ml C. 40 ml D. 288 ml \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 11: <NB> quan s\u00e1t H\u00ecnh 31.5, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.","L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: \u1ede ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n theo hai v\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n: - V\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0a m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ecf th\u1eabm ngh\u00e8o O2 t\u1eeb tim \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ed5i, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y m\u00e1u nh\u1eadn O2 v\u00e0 th\u1ea3i ra CO2 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ecf t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tim. - V\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0a m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ecf t\u01b0\u01a1i gi\u00e0u O2 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111i nu\u00f4i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, m\u00f4, c\u01a1 quan, m\u00e1u nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 CO2 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ecf th\u1eabm v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 tim. C\u00e2u 12: <NB> Em h\u00e3y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0103n trong \u1ed1ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a th\u1ee9c \u0103n trong \u1ed1ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi: - Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0103n t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng qua ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0103n v\u00e0 u\u1ed1ng. - C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n nh\u01b0 carbohydrate, protein, lipid,\u2026 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n m\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a trong \u1ed1ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0o m\u00e1u. - C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1eb7n b\u00e3 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i ra ngo\u00e0i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n qua h\u1eadu m\u00f4n. C\u00e2u 13 <TH> Em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch b\u1ed5 sung n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3: - U\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. - \u0102n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 hoa qu\u1ea3 m\u1ecdng n\u01b0\u1edbc,\u2026 - Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh l\u00ed, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n n\u01b0\u1edbc theo s\u1ef1 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129.","C\u00e2u 14<VD> Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u0103n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 \u0103n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u00f9 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u0103n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 \u0103n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u00f9 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00ec: - M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. - C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u2192 N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 \u0103n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u00ec c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt. C\u00e2u 15 <VDC>. B\u1ea1n T\u1ea5n cao 1m 40, n\u1eb7ng 50kg, theo khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng qu\u1ed1c gia n\u0103m 2012. Tr\u1ebb em \u1edf tu\u1ed5i v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean c\u1ea7n 40ml n\u01b0\u1edbc\/ 1kg th\u1ec3 tr\u1ecdng em h\u00e3y t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean cho b\u1ea1n T\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea1n T\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Nhu c\u1ea7u cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y cho b\u1ea1n T\u1ea5n l\u00e0: 50 x 40 = 2000 ml = 2 l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean cho b\u1ea1n T\u1ea5n: C\u1ea7n u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee7 2 l\u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc trong 1 ng\u00e0y, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng h\u1ee3p l\u00ed, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0103n nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u00e9o ph\u00ec, luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 thao th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. B\u00c0I 32: TH\u1ef0C H\u00c0NH: CH\u1ee8NG MINH TH\u00c2N V\u1eacN CHUY\u1ec2N N\u01af\u1edaC V\u00c0 L\u00c1 THO\u00c1T H\u01a0I N\u01af\u1edaC C\u00e2u 1. [NB]: C\u00e2y l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i qua l\u00f4ng h\u00fat . Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i qua. A. Th\u00e2n v\u00ec v\u1ecf c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ee9t n\u1ebb. B. L\u00e1 v\u00ec b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 kh\u00ed. C. R\u1ec5 v\u00ec r\u1ec5 c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng h\u00fat. D. C\u1ea3 A v\u00e0 C \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 2. B\u1ea1n Tu\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn hai c\u00e0nh tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u00e2y h\u1ed3ng xi\u00eam c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nhau r\u1ed3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m sau: C\u00e0nh 1 : D\u00f9ng dao s\u1eafc c\u1eaft r\u1ed3i b\u00f3c b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t khoanh v\u1ecf c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 1,5 cm. C\u00e0nh 2 : M\u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i 2 cm d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i th\u00e2n, d\u00f9ng k\u00e9o \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u1eaft 1 \u0111o\u1ea1n g\u1ed7 d\u00e0i 1,5 cm. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m: C\u00e0nh 1 : Sau 1 th\u00e1ng , \u1edf ph\u1ea7n v\u1ecf ph\u00eda tr\u00ean l\u00e1t c\u1eaft ph\u00ecnh to.","C\u00e0nh 2 : To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00e1 h\u00e9o sau v\u00e0i gi\u1edd r\u1ed3i c\u00e0nh b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft. H\u00e3y tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi sau : C\u00e2u 2.1. [VD]: Ph\u1ea7n v\u1ecf b\u1ecb b\u00f3c \u1edf c\u00e0nh 1 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec ? A. V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng B. V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 C. N\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 D. D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 2.2. [VD]: Khi b\u1ea1n Tu\u1ea5n d\u00f9ng k\u00e9o c\u1eaft b\u1ecf \u0111o\u1ea1n g\u1ed7 trong th\u00e2n, \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi c\u00e0nh h\u1ed3ng xi\u00eam th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. A. C\u00e0nh c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng, b\u1ecb r\u0169 xu\u1ed1ng. B. C\u00e0nh c\u00e2y b\u1ecb h\u00e9o C. C\u00e0nh c\u00e2y b\u1ecb ch\u1ea3y nh\u1ef1a cho t\u1edbi ch\u1ebft D. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ran gay sau khi th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 2.3 [TH]: T\u1eeb th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n Tu\u1ea5n em h\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7. A. V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng h\u00f2a tan. B. N\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 C. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 D. D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 3. [TH] M\u1ed9t c\u00e0nh hoa b\u1ecb h\u00e9o, sau khi ng\u00e2m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, hoa b\u1ed7ng t\u01b0\u01a1i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ? A. M\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 B. M\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y C. Ru\u1ed9t D. N\u1ed9i b\u00ec \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 4. [NB] Khi c\u1eafm m\u1ed9t c\u00e0nh hoa tr\u1eafng v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch t\u00edm th\u00ec sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1nh hoa s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? A. C\u00e1nh hoa chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u t\u00edm B. C\u00e1nh hoa kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u C. C\u00e1nh hoa chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf D. C\u00e1nh hoa chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u xanh \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 5. [NB]: Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e1 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn t\u00fai c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00f9m l\u00ean l\u00e1 ? A. T\u00fai nilon k\u00edn trong su\u1ed1t B. T\u00fai c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee5c l\u1ed7 th\u1ee7ng C. T\u00fai nilon k\u00edn m\u00e0u \u0111en D. T\u00fai v\u1ea3i \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 6. [VD]: C\u00e1c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00fang hay sai","STT Kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh 1 M\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng trong th\u00e2n 2. Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e1 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc , n\u00ean ng\u1eebng t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5t trong ch\u1eadu th\u1eadt kh\u00f4 3. L\u00e1 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc 4. Trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e1 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1eddi gian quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf t\u00fai nilon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft 5. N\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e0nh hoa m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng minh th\u00e2n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: 1.\u0110, 2.S, 3. S, 4. \u0110, 5. \u0110 C\u00e2u 6: [VD] T\u1ea1i sao \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y c\u1ecf, c\u00e2y th\u00e2n th\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ee9 gi\u1ecdt \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e1? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ee9 gi\u1ecdt x\u1ea3y ra khi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y t\u1eeb r\u1ec5 l\u00ean l\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng do kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ecb b\u00e3o h\u00f2a, n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb l\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00ean \u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecdng th\u00e0nh gi\u1ecdt t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u00e9p l\u00e1. C\u00e2u 7: [TH] H\u01a1n 80% n\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ec5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Theo em, c\u00e2y c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc hay kh\u00f4ng? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Theo em, c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec nh\u1edd qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc qua l\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i l\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o gi\u00fap v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng t\u1eeb r\u1ec5 l\u00ean l\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c. Ngo\u00e0i ra nh\u1edd qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00f2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed. C\u00e2u 8: [VD] B\u1ea1n An \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb hai ch\u1eadu c\u00e2y v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e1 v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 sau: B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: D\u00e1n nh\u00e3n ch\u1eadu c\u00e2y th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1eadu A, ch\u1eadu c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1eadu B. B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Ng\u1eaft to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00e1 c\u00e2y \u1edf ch\u1eadu A, c\u00e2y \u1edf ch\u1eadu B gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean l\u00e1. B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Tr\u00f9m t\u00fai nylon trong su\u1ed1t l\u00ean c\u00e2y trong ch\u1eadu A v\u00e0 ch\u1eadu B, \u0111\u1eb7t hai ch\u1eadu c\u00e2y ra ngo\u00e0i s\u00e1ng. B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Sau kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 60 ph\u00fat, quan s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong t\u00fai nylon tr\u00f9m l\u00ean c\u00e2y A v\u00e0 c\u00e2y B. T\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u1ea1n An r\u00fat ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong t\u00fai nylon l\u00e0 do l\u00e1 tho\u00e1t ra. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea1n Th\u1ee7y cho r\u1eb1ng trong c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n An c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u01b0a ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Theo em, trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a An \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c? \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:","Trong b\u01b0\u1edbc 3, b\u1ea1n An \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f9m t\u00fai nylon l\u00ean c\u1ea3 ch\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea5t. Khi \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea9m \u1edf ngo\u00e0i s\u00e1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean tr\u00f9m t\u00fai nylon k\u00edn ph\u1ea7n l\u00e1 c\u00e2y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f9m v\u00e0o ch\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u00e2u 9: [NB] C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: N\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng h\u00f2a tan t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0o r\u1ec5, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean th\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00e1 c\u00e2y theo m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7. Ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u1edf l\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n theo m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y trong th\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y (h\u1ea1t, c\u1ee7, qu\u1ea3). C\u00e2u 10: [VD] V\u00ec sao khi di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e2y \u0111i tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eaft b\u1edbt m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e0nh, l\u00e1? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: V\u00ec t\u1ec9a b\u1edbt c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 gi\u00fap c\u00e2y h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00e1nh c\u00e2y m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi. C\u00e2u 11: [VDC] Cho c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb sau: m\u1ed9t ch\u1eadu c\u00e2y c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u00f3 phi\u1ebfn l\u00e1 to, k\u1eb9p nh\u1ef1a ho\u1eb7c g\u1ed7, b\u1ea3n k\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c lam k\u00ednh, gi\u1ea5y l\u1ecdc, m\u00e1y s\u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 b\u1ea5m gi\u00e2y, gi\u1ea5y t\u1ea9m dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f4 ban clorua ( gi\u1ea5y t\u1ea9m n\u00e0y khi g\u1eb7p n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng sang m\u00e0u xanh da tr\u1eddi) a, V\u1edbi nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00ean, em h\u00e3y thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i \u1edf hai m\u1eb7t l\u00e1 c\u00e2y. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. b, T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u00f3 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n l\u00e1 to trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: a, Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m so s\u00e1nh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc tho\u00e1t ra \u1edf hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 c\u00e2y. - D\u00f9ng hai mi\u1ebfng gi\u1ea5y l\u1ecdc t\u1ea9m c\u00f4ban clorua \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh da tr\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng nhau qua hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 . - Ti\u1ebfp theo, d\u00f9ng c\u1eb7p g\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c c\u1eb7p nh\u1ef1a k\u1eb9p \u00e9p 2 b\u1ea3n k\u00ednh v\u00e0o 2 mi\u1ebfng gi\u1ea5y l\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u1edf c\u1ea3 2 m\u1eb7t l\u00e1 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00edn. - B\u1ea5m gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh th\u1eddi gian gi\u1ea5y chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u00e0u xanh da tr\u1eddi sang m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch gi\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e1 trong c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi gian. b, C\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u00f3 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n l\u00e1 to trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y v\u00ec : Th\u1eddi gian x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng k\u1eb9p gi\u1ea5y co ban clorua. B\u00c0I 33: C\u1ea2M \u1ee8NG \u1ede SINH V\u1eacT V\u00c0 T\u1eacP T\u00cdNH \u1ede \u0110\u1ed8NG V\u1eacT C\u00e2u 1 (N.Bi\u1ebft): C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf sinh v\u1eadt l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u00edch A. t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. B. t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. C. t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. D. t\u1eeb c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 2 (N.Bi\u1ebft): T\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp t\u00ednh A. sinh ra \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3.","B. sinh ra \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho lo\u00e0i. C. h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3. D. h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho lo\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 3 (N.Bi\u1ebft): B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c? A. R\u1ec5. B. Th\u00e2n. C. L\u00e1. D. Ch\u1ed3i ng\u1ecdn. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 4 (N.Bi\u1ebft): T\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh A. s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 th\u1ec3, th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m. B. ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i, th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m. C. s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 th\u1ec3, th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di truy\u1ec1n. D. s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 th\u1ec3, th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho lo\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 5 (N.Bi\u1ebft): T\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00e0 A. m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (b\u00ean trong ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3), \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. B. m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. C. nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. D. m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean trong ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 6 (T.Hi\u1ec3u): \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00e0 x\u1ea3y ra A. nhanh, d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y. B. ch\u1eadm, kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y. C. nhanh, kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y. D. ch\u1eadm, d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 7 (T.Hi\u1ec3u): Trong c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sau \u0111\u00e2y, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt? A. L\u00e1 c\u00e2y b\u00e0ng r\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8. B. L\u00e1 c\u00e2y xoan r\u1ee5ng khi c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh. C. C\u00e2y g\u1ecdng v\u00f3 b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i. D. Hoa h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 8 (T.Hi\u1ec3u): Ve s\u1ea7u k\u00eau v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 oi \u1ea3, \u1ebfch \u0111\u1ef1c k\u00eau v\u00e0o m\u00f9a sinh s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh A. h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B. b\u1ea9m sinh. C. h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p. D.v\u1eeba b\u1ea9m sinh, v\u1eeba h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B","C\u00e2u 9 (T.Hi\u1ec3u): Khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y th\u00ec ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang? A. Ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea5t \u00e2m, h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng. B. Ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng \u00e2m. C. Ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea5t \u00e2m, h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng \u00e2m. D. Ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 10 (V.D\u1ee5ng): Cho c\u00e1c t\u1eadp t\u00ednh sau \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt: (1) S\u1ef1 di c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 h\u1ed3i (2) B\u00e1o s\u0103n m\u1ed3i (3) Nh\u1ec7n gi\u0103ng t\u01a1 (4) V\u1eb9t n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi (5) V\u1ed7 tay, c\u00e1 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecm th\u1ee9c \u0103n (6) \u1ebech \u0111\u1ef1c k\u00eau v\u00e0o m\u00f9a sinh s\u1ea3n (7) Xi\u1ebfc ch\u00f3 l\u00e0m to\u00e1n (8) Ve k\u00eau v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 Nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp t\u00ednh n\u00e0o l\u00e0 b\u1ea9m sinh? Nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp t\u00ednh n\u00e0o l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? A. T\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh: (1), (3), (6), (8) ; T\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: (2), (4), (5), (7). B. T\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh: (1), (2), (6), (8) ; T\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: (3), (4), (5), (7). C. T\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh: (1), (3), (5), (8) ; T\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: (2), (4), (6), (7). D. T\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh: (1), (3), (6), (7) ; T\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: (2), (4), (5), (8). \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 11 (V.D\u1ee5ng): V\u00e0o r\u1eebng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, ta g\u1eb7p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2y leo qu\u1ea5n quanh nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean cao, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a: A. h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng. B. h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. C. h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c \u00e2m. D. c\u1ea3 3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n tr\u00ean. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 12 (V.D\u1ee5ng): Trong c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n sau \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadp t\u00ednh di c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt? 1.th\u1ee9c \u0103n. 2.ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sinh s\u1ea3n. 3.h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y. 4.th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i. A. 4 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 13 (V.D.Cao): Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i. Khi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y b\u00ean b\u1edd ao th\u00ec sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y? A. R\u1ec5 c\u00e2y m\u1ecdc d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1edd ao. B. R\u1ec5 c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u quanh g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y.","C. R\u1ec5 c\u00e2y u\u1ed1n cong v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edd ao. D. R\u1ec5 c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0103n s\u00e2u xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 14 (V.D.Cao): V\u00ec sao \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt t\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? 1.Ch\u00fang s\u1ed1ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. 2.Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ng\u1eafn. 3.Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u01a1ron. 4.Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec1n. T\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p \u00fd \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0: A. 1, 2, 4. B. 2, 4. C. 1, 2, 3, 4. D. 2, 3, 4. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 1 (N.Bi\u1ebft): C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Cho m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y m\u1ecdc d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 nh\u1ecdn s\u1ebd l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c r\u1ee5t l\u1ea1i\u2026 C\u00e2u 2 (N.Bi\u1ebft): T\u1eadp t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u00eau m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: T\u1eadp t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean trong ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nh\u01b0: t\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5, s\u0103n m\u1ed3i, di c\u01b0, s\u1ed1ng b\u1ea9y \u0111\u00e0n,... C\u00e2u 3 (T.Hi\u1ec3u): N\u00eau vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf sinh v\u1eadt. So s\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng gi\u00fap sinh v\u1eadt th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. So s\u00e1nh: Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt: Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u1eadm, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u00e9m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt: Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. C\u00e2u 4 (T.Hi\u1ec3u): Quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh v\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3ng sau: T\u00ean sinh v\u1eadt K\u00edch th\u00edch Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng L\u1ee3n B\u01b0\u1edbm \u0111\u00eam Chim s\u1ebb C\u00e2y hoa h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u01a1ng","C\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadu (r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y) L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng T\u00ean sinh v\u1eadt K\u00edch th\u00edch L\u1ee3n B\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc m\u1ea1nh B\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y, k\u00eau,... B\u01b0\u1edbm \u0111\u00eam \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng Bay t\u1edbi n\u01a1i ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng Bay \u0111i xa kh\u1ecfi n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u00e2m Chim s\u1ebb Nghe ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh thanh C\u00e2y hoa h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng V\u01b0\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng C\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadu (r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y) N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ecdc d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00e2u 5 (T.Hi\u1ec3u): D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a em \u1edf ph\u1ea7n t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3ng sau: T\u1eadp t\u00ednh B\u1ea9m sinh H\u1ecdc \u00dd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00dd ngh\u0129a Chim c\u00f4ng x\u00f2e \u0111u\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 ve T\u1eadp t\u00ednh sinh s\u1ea3n T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e3n nhau B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u1ee9ng kh\u1ecfi Tinh tinh d\u00f9ng g\u1eady b\u1eaft c\u00e1 nguy hi\u1ec3m B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 R\u00f9a v\u00f9i tr\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean b\u00e3i c\u00e1t Th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng C\u1ea7y h\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00f9ng m\u00f9i c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Chim non h\u1ecdc bay L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: T\u1eadp t\u00ednh B\u1ea9m H\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Chim c\u00f4ng x\u00f2e \u0111u\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 ve X v\u00e3n nhau X Tinh tinh d\u00f9ng g\u1eady b\u1eaft c\u00e1 R\u00f9a v\u00f9i tr\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean b\u00e3i c\u00e1t X C\u1ea7y h\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00f9ng m\u00f9i c\u1ee7a X tuy\u1ebfn th\u01a1m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 X Chim non h\u1ecdc bay C\u00e2u 6 (V.D\u1ee5ng): So s\u00e1nh t\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh v\u00e0 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Lo\u1ea1i t\u1eadp T\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh T\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh","Kh\u00e1i T\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i T\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh ni\u1ec7m t\u1eadp t\u00ednh sinh ra \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0ng cho lo\u00e0i. c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 th\u1ec3, th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 r\u00fat T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t kinh nghi\u1ec7m. T\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 T\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Ve s\u1ea7u k\u00eau v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8, Chu\u1ed9t nghe ti\u1ebfng m\u00e8o th\u00ec b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y, \u1ebfch \u0111\u1ef1c k\u00eau v\u00e0o m\u00f9a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ecf th\u00ec d\u1eebng sinh s\u1ea3n\u2026 l\u1ea1i. C\u00e2u 7 (V.D\u1ee5ng): C\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng (h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng), r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e2m s\u00e2u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t (h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng \u00e2m) c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: H\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u1ecdn gi\u00fap c\u00e2y t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 quang h\u1ee3p. H\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng \u00e2m c\u1ee7a r\u1ec5 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ec5 \u0111\u00e2m s\u00e2u, gi\u00fap c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng trong \u0111\u1ea5t, ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng \u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u00e0m cho r\u1ec5 h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng, gi\u00fap c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t. C\u00e2u 8 (V.D\u1ee5ng): S\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n c\u00e2y non \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng, th\u00e2n c\u00e2y non s\u1ebd sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng. Khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, c\u00e2y non m\u1ecdc v\u1ed1ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng \u00faa do di\u1ec7p l\u1ee5c b\u1ecb hu\u1ef7 ho\u1ea1i trong b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i. \u1ede \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi h\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u00e2y non m\u1ecdc th\u1eb3ng, c\u00e2y kho\u1ebb v\u00e0 l\u00e1 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cho quang h\u1ee3p. C\u00e2u 9 (V.D.Cao): H\u00e3y t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i \u1edf c\u00e2y g\u1ecdng v\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: (1) Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i \u1edf c\u00e2y g\u1ecdng v\u00f3: khi c\u00f3 c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, c\u00e1c l\u00f4ng tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y g\u1ecdng v\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch u\u1ed1n cong, gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ho\u00e1 con m\u1ed3i. (2) \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. \u2022 Con m\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00ean c\u00e2y g\u1ecdng v\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc (t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc). \u2022 L\u00f4ng tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y g\u1ecdng v\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch u\u1ed1n cong v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft axit phoocmic. \u2022 \u0110\u1ea7u t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f4ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn k\u00edch th\u00edch, sau \u0111\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n theo t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00f4ng tuy\u1ebfn cong l\u1ea1i. C\u00e2u 10 (V.D.Cao): T\u1ea1i sao chim v\u00e0 c\u00e1 di c\u01b0? Khi di c\u01b0, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:","- Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n di c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a chim l\u00e0 do th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 khan hi\u1ebfm th\u1ee9c \u0103n (V\u00ed d\u1ee5 : khi tr\u1eddi gi\u00e1 r\u00e9t, chim \u00e9n di c\u01b0 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam). Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n di c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn sinh s\u1ea3n (V\u00ed d\u1ee5 : v\u00e0o m\u00f9a sinh s\u1ea3n, c\u00e1 h\u1ed3i b\u01a1i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n s\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ea3n). - Khi di c\u01b0, chim th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh,\u2026. Khi di c\u01b0, c\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y. B\u00c0I 33: C\u1ea2M \u1ee8NG \u1ede SINH V\u1eacT V\u00c0 T\u1eacP T\u00cdNH \u1ede \u0110\u1ed8NG V\u1eacT C\u00e2u 1 (TH).Trong c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sau, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt: A.C\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i B.Hoa h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi C.C\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng D.C\u00e2y b\u00e0ng r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 2. (NB)S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1eeb g\u1ee3i \u00fd: b\u00ean trong (2), c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 (3), ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (1) \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00f4ng tin sau khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng: C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u2026(1)\u2026l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u2026(2)\u2026.v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u2026(3)\u2026sinh v\u1eadt. C\u00e2u 3.(TH) Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00fang khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt: A. X\u1ea3y ra nhanh, d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y B. X\u1ea3y ra nhanh, kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y C. X\u1ea3y ra ch\u1eadm, kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y D. X\u1ea3y ra ch\u1eadm, d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 4. (NB) T\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i t\u1eadp t\u00ednh: A. Sinh ra \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng theo lo\u00e0i B. Sinh ra \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 C. H\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, chi c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3. D. H\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng theo lo\u00e0i \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 5. (TH) Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt: A. Kh\u1ec9 con t\u1eadp \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p B. V\u1eb9t t\u1eadp n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C. Tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch c\u1ea7m \u0111\u0169a D. Nh\u1ec7n gi\u0103ng t\u01a1 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 6 (TH). \u0110\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt: A. Kh\u1ec9 con t\u1eadp \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p B. V\u1eb9t t\u1eadp n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi","C. Tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch c\u1ea7m \u0111\u0169a D. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m c\u00e2n sau \u1ed1m \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 7 (NB). C\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0? A. C\u00e1c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft B. C\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u00edch C. C\u00e1c c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng D. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 8.(TH) \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tua cu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3: A. Th\u00e2n c\u00e2y y\u1ebfu B. Do \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u C. Do gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 (c\u1ecdc, gi\u00e0n) D. Do c\u00e2y thi\u1ebfu dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 9. (VD) Trong c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i sau, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt: A. L\u00e0m b\u1eaby \u0111\u00e8n b\u1eaby c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng B. L\u00e0m v\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng C. B\u1eaft c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng tay D. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 10. (VD) Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1eadp t\u00ednh v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o: A. H\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u00f3i quen t\u1ed1t B. \u0102n nhi\u1ec1u sau khi \u1ed1m C. Gi\u1ea3m c\u00e2n khi b\u1ecb \u1ed1m D. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 11.(NB) C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf sinh v\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec? H\u00e3y k\u1ec3 t\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf sinh v\u1eadt m\u00e0 em bi\u1ebft? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. -V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i da g\u00e0 khi tr\u1eddi l\u1ea1nh, g\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn khi nghe ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi cho \u0103n, ch\u00f3 s\u1ee7a khi g\u1eb7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1,c\u00e2y hoa qu\u1ef3nh n\u1edf hoa v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam,... C\u00e2u 12. (NB) T\u1eadp t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec? H\u00e3y n\u00eau m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - T\u1eadp t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean trong ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3,\u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. - V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Ve k\u00eau v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8, chu\u1ed9t b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y khi nghe ti\u1ebfng m\u00e8o k\u00eau,.. C\u00e2u 13. (TH) Em h\u00e3y k\u1ec3 t\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf sinh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: K\u00edch th\u00edch Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng","\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng Ng\u1ecdn c\u00e2y h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng Gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 Tua cu\u1ed1n cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o th\u00e2n c\u00e2y Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea1nh Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i da g\u00e0 C\u00e2u 14. (TH) H\u00e3y n\u00eau c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng sau: kh\u1ec9 \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p, v\u1eb9t h\u1ecdc n\u00f3i,\u2026 L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u00f3i quen cho kh\u1ec9, cho v\u1eb9t,.. C\u00e2u 15. (VD) Tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00ec ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng g\u1ea5u c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen \u0103n th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u00e9o l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Em h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a th\u00f3i quen n\u00e0y \u1edf g\u1ea5u? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u00f9a h\u00e8, g\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho k\u00ec ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng. Ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ee7 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 g\u1ea5u trong c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng. Nh\u1edd ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00edch tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ee7, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ee7 h\u1ebft m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00e0y c\u1ea1n th\u00ec c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fac k\u00ec ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng n\u00e0y k\u1ebft th\u00fac. C\u00e2u 16 (VDC). Em h\u00e3y l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00f3i quen t\u1ed1t cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n? B\u00c0I 33: C\u1ea2M \u1ee8NG \u1ede SINH V\u1eacT V\u00c0 T\u1eacP T\u00cdNH \u1ede \u0110\u1ed8NG V\u1eacT C\u00e2u 1<NB>. C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf sinh v\u1eadt l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u00edch A. t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. B. t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. C. t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. D. t\u1eeb c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 2<NB>. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00ec? A. C\u00e1c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft. B. C\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u00edch. C. C\u00e1c c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng. D. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 3<TH>. Trong c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sau \u0111\u00e2y, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt? A. L\u00e1 c\u00e2y b\u00e0ng r\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8. B. L\u00e1 c\u00e2y xoan r\u1ee5ng khi c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh. C. Hoa h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. D. c\u00e2y n\u1eafp \u1ea5m b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i.","\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 4<VD> . H\u00ecnh tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng minh cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng n\u00e0o \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt? A. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea5t \u00e2m c\u1ee7a r\u1ec5, h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n. B. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. C. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00f3a. D. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 5<NB>: T\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp t\u00ednh A. sinh ra \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3. B. sinh ra \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho lo\u00e0i. C. h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3. D. h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho lo\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 6<TH>: V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt? A. S\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 h\u1ea1c di c\u01b0 theo m\u00f9a. B. Ch\u00f3 s\u00f3i v\u00e0 s\u01b0 t\u1eed s\u1ed1ng theo b\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e0n. C. Tinh tinh \u0111\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng con tinh tinh \u0111\u1ef1c l\u1ea1 khi v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. D. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m c\u00e2n sau khi b\u1ecb \u1ed1m. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 7<VD>: Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt? A. Ve s\u1ea7u k\u00eau v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y h\u00e8 oi \u1ea3. B. S\u00e1o h\u1ecdc n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C. Tr\u00e2u b\u00f2 nu\u00f4i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 chu\u1ed3ng khi nghe ti\u1ebfng k\u1ebbng. D. Kh\u1ec9 t\u1eadp \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 8<VDC>: H\u00e3y s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c t\u1eadp t\u00ednh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh. (1) Khi l\u1ee1 ch\u1ea1m tay v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u1ec1n r\u1ee5t tay l\u1ea1i. (2) Khi b\u1ecb ng\u00e3 \u0111au, em b\u00e9 kh\u00f3c. (3) \u1ebech sinh s\u1ea3n v\u00e0o m\u00f9a m\u01b0a. (4) Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng khai b\u00e1o y t\u1ebf khi \u0111i v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m.","(5) Chim m\u1eb9 m\u1edbm m\u1ed3i cho chim non. (6) C\u00e1 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc khi nghe ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng. (7) B\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc sinh th\u1ee9c d\u1eady v\u00e0o 5 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. (8) Em c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y bu\u1ed3n ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0o l\u00fac 10 gi\u1edd t\u1ed1i. (9) Em h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c b\u00e0i th\u01a1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. (10) Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ebf chua. T\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh 4,5,6,7,9,10 1,2,3,5,8 \u2026\u2026\u2026.. C\u00e2u 9<NB>: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf sinh v\u1eadt. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng gi\u00fap SV th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e2u 10<NB>: T\u1eadp t\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp t\u00ednh \u1edf \u0110V. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: T\u1eadp t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u0110V tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho \u0110V t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. T\u1eadp t\u00ednh gi\u00fap \u0110V th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e2u 11<TH>: Cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 VD v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf TV v\u00e0 \u0110V, ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a SV. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: HS t\u1ef1 l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c VD. C\u00e2u 12<VD>: H\u00e3y t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eaft m\u1ed5i \u1edf c\u00e2y g\u1ecdng v\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - Khi c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan b\u1eaft m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y g\u1ecdng v\u00f3, c\u01a1 quan n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cu\u1ed9n l\u1ea1i bao b\u1ecdc l\u00e2y con m\u1ed3i, l\u00fac n\u00e0y con m\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho c\u00e2y. - \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u1eeb m\u00f2i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e2u 13<VDC>: * Em c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft v\u00ec sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed5ng ru\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng? H\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: B\u00f9 nh\u00ecn c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng xua \u0111u\u1ed5i chim, th\u00fa ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed5ng ru\u1ed9ng hay trong v\u01b0\u1eddn nh\u00e0.Tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u1ea9n xua \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.","B\u00c0I 34 : V\u1eacN D\u1ee4NG HI\u1ec6N T\u01af\u1ee2NG C\u1ea2M \u1ee8NG \u1ede SINH V\u1eacT V\u00c0O TH\u1ef0C TI\u1ec4N C\u00e2u 1. (VD). Khi nu\u00f4i m\u00e8o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft chu\u1ed9t, \u0111\u1ec3 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n gi\u00fap m\u00e8o c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen b\u1eaft chu\u1ed9t th\u00ec th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho m\u00e8o c\u1ea7n c\u00f3? A. C\u01a1m. B. Th\u1ecbt s\u1ed1ng. C. C\u00e1 r\u00e1n. D. Th\u1ecbt chu\u1ed9t non. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 2. (NB). \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 t\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt trong ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i? A. Nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y con qu\u1ea1 bay tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi, g\u00e0 con n\u1ea5p v\u00e0o c\u00e1nh g\u00e0 m\u1eb9. B. Nu\u00f4i l\u1ee3n theo \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e1 th\u1ec3. C. Nghe ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi \u201cch\u00edch ch\u00edch\u201d g\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y t\u1edbi. D. Tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf v\u00e0 \u1ee7 men cho b\u00f2 \u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho b\u00f2. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 3. (TH). D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u sau: \u201cc\u00e2y m\u1ecdc v\u1ed1ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u00e1 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u00faa v\u00e0ng\u201d ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y? A. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfu t\u1edbi c\u00e2y. B. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfu t\u1edbi c\u00e2y. C. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi cho c\u00e2y. D. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi cho c\u00e2y. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 4. (VD). Trong v\u01b0\u1eddn tr\u1ed3ng nh\u00e3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u1ea3 th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y? A. B\u01b0\u1edbm. B. V\u1ecbt. C. Chim s\u00e2u. D. Ong m\u1eadt. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 5. (NB). Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n? A. Thi\u00ean l\u00fd, nho, b\u1ea7u, xu xu. B. Rau mu\u1ed1ng, b\u00ed, m\u1ed3ng t\u01a1i. C. D\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t, khoai lang, m\u01b0\u1edbp. D. B\u00ed ng\u00f4, d\u01b0a l\u00ea, m\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111\u1eafng. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 6. (NB). Khi tr\u1ed3ng khoai t\u00e2y, t\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd x\u1edbi x\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 che k\u00edn ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7 khoai? A. Tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng c\u1eafn ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7. B. Tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, b\u1ecb xanh. C. Tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a, s\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u01a1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u1ee7 g\u00e2y th\u1ed1i, h\u1ecfng. D. Tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 7. (NB). C\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1eaby \u0111\u00e8n: A. T\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ebft khi \u0111\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed3i mu\u1ed7i. B. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ecd c\u00e1nh c\u1ee9ng. C. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ong m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf. D. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ee5c qu\u1ea3. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B","C\u00e2u 8. (TH). M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i mu\u1ed7i h\u00fat m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt r\u1ea5t \u01b0a th\u00edch kh\u00ed cacbonic v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ecfa ra t\u1eeb c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft mu\u1ed7i nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng A. Ph\u00e1t ra m\u00f9i th\u01a1m nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u n\u00f3ng. B. Ph\u00e1t ra nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao. C. D\u1eabn d\u1ee5 kh\u00f3i v\u00e0 l\u1eeda. D. T\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 9. (NB). Trong nu\u00f4i g\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng chia m\u00e1ng \u0103n ra th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u \u1ed5 nh\u1ecf v\u00ec: A. G\u00e0 th\u00edch s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfm \u0103n \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c. B. Tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng con \u0103n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u con \u0103n qu\u00e1 \u00edt. C. Tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tranh nhau d\u1eabn t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1nh nhau trong \u0111\u00e0n g\u00e0. D. Tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00e0 nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o v\u00e0 b\u1edbi tung l\u00ean. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 10. (NB). \u0110\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 mong mu\u1ed1n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nu\u00f4i v\u1ecbt k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa? A. Khi v\u1ecbt di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 k\u00eau to gi\u00fap xua \u0111u\u1ed5i s\u00e2u b\u1ecd cho l\u00faa. B. Gi\u00fap \u0103n s\u00e2u r\u1ea7y h\u1ea1i l\u00faa. C. Gi\u00fap s\u1ee5c b\u00f9n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u1ecf cho b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 l\u00faa ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. D. Cung c\u1ea5p ph\u00e2n cho l\u00faa. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 11. (NB). Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng: c\u00e2y \u01b0a s\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh tr\u1ed3ng n\u01a1i quang \u0111\u00e3ng, c\u00e2y \u01b0a b\u00f3ng: tr\u1ed3ng n\u01a1i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n, d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1n c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c. C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong nh\u00e0, ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2y \u01b0a b\u00f3ng. Khi xen canh tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y \u01b0a s\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e2y \u01b0a b\u00f3ng sau. Tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00fang m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9. - \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u01b0\u1edbc: c\u00e2y \u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc: tr\u1ed3ng n\u01a1i \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, g\u1ea7n b\u1edd ao, c\u00e1c khu ru\u1ed9ng tr\u0169ng, \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y. C\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ed3ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t cao r\u00e1o, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t. - \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00f3a: b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n g\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y, h\u00f2a v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed1c r\u00e3nh nh\u1ecf r\u1ed3i b\u00f3n xung quanh g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y.... - \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac: l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n leo cho c\u00e2y. C\u00e2u 12. (NB). V\u00ec sao c\u1ea7n c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: C\u1ea7n c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00ec: - C\u1eaft t\u1ec9a c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh, l\u00e1 th\u1eeba, m\u1ecdc chen ch\u00fac, y\u1ebfu, s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea1nh tranh dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. - Gi\u00fap c\u00e2y t\u1eadp trung ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111i nu\u00f4i nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, gi\u00fap c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t. C\u00e2u 13. (TH). \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp t\u00ednh trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n em? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:","- H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c \u00f4n b\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1edb b\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u, ch\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00f3i quen. - Ki\u00ean tr\u00ec th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0: \u00f4n b\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, ng\u1ee7 s\u1edbm, d\u1eady s\u1edbm, t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c. C\u00e2u 14. (VD). Em s\u1ebd l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec th\u00f3i quen \u0111i ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd v\u00e0 d\u1eady s\u1edbm? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: \u0110\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u00f3i quen \u0111i ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd v\u00e0 d\u1eady s\u1edbm, em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c sau: - L\u1eadp th\u1eddi gian bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. - Nghi\u00eam t\u00fac th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c, th\u00f3i quen v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. - \u0110\u1eb7t b\u00e1o th\u1ee9c cho th\u1eddi gian ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0 d\u1eady, ng\u1ee7 ngay, d\u1eady ngay kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 n\u00e1n. - T\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. C\u00e2u 15. (VDC). Thanh long (Dragon fruit) thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd x\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3ng, l\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng sa m\u1ea1c thu\u1ed9c Mehico v\u00e0 Colombia. Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ed3ng thanh long t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1eadp trung tr\u00ean qui m\u00f4 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, m\u00f9a thanh long t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4 t\u1edbi th\u00e1ng 10. Tuy nhi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thanh long ra hoa s\u1edbm h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 1 \u2013 1,5 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1eafp \u0111\u00e8n. Khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd ra hoa tr\u00e1i v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e2y thanh long b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eafp \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00f3ng tr\u00f2n ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3ng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u sau: Lo\u1ea1i b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n s\u1eed 60W 100W 200W d\u1ee5ng Th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00fd 15\u201320 \u0111\u00eam li\u00ean 15\u201320 \u0111\u00eam li\u00ean 15\u201320 \u0111\u00eam li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1ee5c t\u1ee5c S\u1ed1 hoa \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00e1i 5 hoa\/ tr\u1ee5\/ l\u1ee9a 13,3 hoa\/ tr\u1ee5\/ l\u1ee9a 15 hoa\/ tr\u1ee5\/ l\u1ee9a thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Qua b\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean h\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft: a. C\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch thanh long ra hoa s\u1edbm? b. D\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i b\u00f3ng n\u00e0o trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00e1i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t? Lo\u1ea1i b\u00f3ng n\u00e0o cho hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: a. C\u01a1 s\u1edf - Thanh long l\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u00f4c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, l\u00e0 c\u00e2y ng\u00e0y d\u00e0i (mua thanh long t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4 \u2013 10 \u2013 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y l\u1edbn) v\u00ec v\u1eady d\u00f9ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft \u0111\u00eam d\u00e0i. b. D\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i b\u00f3ng 200W cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00e1i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t (15 so v\u1edbi 13,3 v\u00e0 5 \u1edf 2 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00eam chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 nhau.) - Tuy nhi\u00ean lo\u1ea1i b\u00f3ng cho hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u00f3ng 100W v\u00ec l\u00ed do: + T\u1ed5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u00edt h\u01a1n (b\u1eb1ng \u00bd b\u00f3ng 200W) -> c\u1ea7n chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. + S\u1ed1 hoa \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00e1i g\u1ea5p 2,6 l\u1ea7n b\u00f3ng 60W v\u00e0 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng b\u00f3ng 200W. B\u00c0I 35: TH\u1ef0C H\u00c0NH: C\u1ea2M \u1ee8NG \u1ede SINH V\u1eacT","C\u00e2u 1: Trong truy\u1ec7n T\u1ea5m C\u00e1m, khi T\u1ea5m ra gi\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi: \u201cB\u1ed1ng b\u1ed1ng bang bang l\u00ean \u0103n c\u01a1m v\u00e0ng c\u01a1m b\u1ea1c nh\u00e0 ta ch\u1edb \u0103n c\u01a1m h\u1ea9m ch\u00e1o hoa nh\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d. C\u00e1 B\u1ed1ng nghe ti\u1ebfng T\u1ea5m g\u1ecdi li\u1ec1n b\u01a1i l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00ec? A. T\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng. . B. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh s\u1ea3n. B. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0103n t\u1ea1p. D. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 2: B\u1ea1n An tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadu \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ea7n c\u1eeda s\u1ed5. Ngh\u1ec9 h\u00e8 gia \u0111\u00ecnh An v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea ch\u01a1i 2 tu\u1ea7n, khi v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 An th\u1ea5y c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadu m\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n ng\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u1eeda s\u1ed5. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadu \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00ec? A. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u01b0\u1edbc. B. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. C. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng. D. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e2m thanh. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 3: Trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, mu\u1ed1n n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1edb b\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u, em c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m g\u00ec? A. Ch\u00e9p b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc b\u00e0i. B. Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u00f4n l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. C. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0. D. Nh\u1edd b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m b\u00e0i h\u1ed9, kh\u00f4ng \u00f4n l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 4: V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c t\u1eadp t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt trong ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i: A. Nghe ti\u1ebfng k\u1ebbng tr\u00e2u b\u00f2 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 chu\u1ed3ng. B. V\u1ed7 tay g\u1ecdi g\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u0103n. C. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n ch\u00f3 tr\u00f4ng nh\u00e0. D. C\u1ea3 A, B v\u00e0 C \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 5: C\u00e2y h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 hoa lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00ec? A. H\u01b0\u1edbng n\u01b0\u1edbc. B. H\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. C. H\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng. D. H\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 6: \u1ede Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o?? A. H\u01b0\u1edbng n\u01b0\u1edbc. B. Di c\u01b0 C. H\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng. D. H\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 7: D\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e8n b\u1eaby c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng h\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. A. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u01b0\u1edbc. D. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e2m thanh. C. T\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 8: V\u00ec sao khi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y th\u00e2n leo nh\u01b0 m\u01b0\u1edbp, b\u1ea7u, b\u00ed thi\u00ean l\u00ed,... ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m gi\u00e0n cho c\u00e2y?","A. Gi\u00fap cho c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao. B. Gi\u00fap cho c\u00e2y tr\u00e1nh c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. C. Gi\u00fap cho c\u00e2y th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n. D. Gi\u00fap cho c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb d\u1eadp n\u00e1t. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 9: S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb: 2 ch\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea5t\/c\u00e1t gi\u1ed1ng nhau (n\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00e1n l\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea5t t\u01a1i x\u1ed1p, nhi\u00e9u m\u00f9n \u0111\u1ebf khi nh\u1ed5 c\u00e2y quan s\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t r\u1ec5). 1. \u0110\u1eb7t ch\u1eadu n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u1ee7ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t ch\u1eadu c\u00e2y sao cho n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ng\u1eadp \u00fang h\u1ea1t (c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed theo H\u1ec9nh 35.1). 2. Gieo h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed7 v\u00e0o 2 ch\u1eadu, t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m. 3. Theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y. a) Ch\u1eadu \u0111\u00f3i ch\u1ee7ng b) Ch\u1eadu th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 4. Sau 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 ng\u00e0y, nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng nh\u1ed5 c\u00e2y ra kh\u1ecfi H.35.1: Thi nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1eedng minh tinh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3y ch\u1eadu v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y. A. 1->2->3->4 B. 2->1->3->4 C. 4->2->3->1 D. 2->3->1->4 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 10: S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. ab c Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb: 2 ch\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed5ng c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng nhau; 2 h\u1ed9p carton kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1y, m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p kho\u00e9t l\u1ed7 ph\u00eda tr\u00ean, h\u1ed9p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kho\u00e9t ph\u00eda b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh. 1. \u00dap l\u00ean m\u1ed7i ch\u1eadu c\u00e2y m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p carton, \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (H\u00ecnh b). 2. Gieo h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed7 v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1ea5t, t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m (H\u00ecnh a). 3. Sau kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 ng\u00e0y, nh\u1ea5c h\u1ed9p carton ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c ch\u1eadu c\u00e2y, quan s\u00e1t h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n c\u00e2y (H\u00ecnh c). A. 1->2->3 B. 3->2->1 C. 2->1->3 D. 1->3->2 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 11. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t? A. N\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt.","B. Hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n ch\u00f3 ch\u0103n c\u1eebu C. X\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, vun g\u1ed1c cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng D. V\u1ec7 sinh chu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ea1i cho v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 12: NB Em trai em n\u0103m nay 2 tu\u1ed5i, m\u1eb9 mu\u1ed1n em gi\u00fap m\u1eb9 t\u1eadp cho em trai th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh tr\u01b0\u01a1c khi ng\u1ee7. Em h\u00e3y l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1edbm h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u00f3i quen t\u1ed1t cho em trai. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - L\u00e0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t cho em h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y em \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng v\u1ec7 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ng\u1ee7. - Nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn em c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng v\u1ec7 sinh. - Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 v\u0169 em khi em \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng v\u1ec7 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ng\u1ee7. C\u00e2u 13: NB N\u00eau c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c t\u1eadp t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt trong ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i m\u00e0 em bi\u1ebft. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - Nghe ti\u1ebfng k\u1ebbng tr\u00e2u b\u00f2 nu\u00f4i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 chu\u1ed3ng. - Nghe ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00e0, v\u1ecbt, ... ch\u1ea1y ra \u0103n th\u1ee9c \u0103n. - Nghe ti\u1ebfng v\u1ed7 tay l\u00e0 c\u00e1 ngoi l\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea5y th\u1ee9c \u0103n. C\u00e2u 14: TH V\u00e0o r\u1eebng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y d\u00e2y leo qu\u1ea5n quanh nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean cao. N\u00eau t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 : do t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. C\u00e1c c\u00e2y d\u00e2y leo qu\u1ea5n quanh nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y g\u1ed7 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean cao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. C\u00e2u 15: VD H\u00e3y n\u00eau nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c em s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f3i quen ng\u1ee7 d\u1eady mu\u1ed9n? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ng\u1ee7 - Ng\u1ee7 s\u1edbm, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c qu\u00e1 khuya - \u0110\u1eb7t b\u00e1o th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eady s\u1edbm th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean - Kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng cafe v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i C\u00e2u 16: VDC T\u1ea1i sao khi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau, thanh long ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m tr\u1ee5 cho c\u00e2y? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u00e0m tr\u1ee5 cho c\u00e2y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u00fap cho c\u00e2y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao. B\u00c0I 36: KH\u00c1I QU\u00c1T V\u1ec0 SINH TR\u01af\u1edeNG V\u00c0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N \u1ede SINH V\u1eacT","C\u00e2u 1.( NB) Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf sinh v\u1eadt l\u00e0: A.qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng l\u00ean k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 do t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. B.qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng l\u00ean k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 do t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4. C.qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng l\u00ean k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 do t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 m\u00f4. D.qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng l\u00ean k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 do t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 2. (NB) Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf sinh v\u1eadt l\u00e0: A.qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng l\u00ean k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 do t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. B.nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sinh v\u1eadt bao g\u1ed3m sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, ph\u00e1t sinh h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. C.nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sinh v\u1eadt bao g\u1ed3m sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. D.nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sinh v\u1eadt bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, ph\u00e1t sinh h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 3. ( TH) Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 hai qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? A. Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng. B. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C. Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 hai qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhau. D. Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi nhau. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 4.( TH) \u1ede c\u00e2y Hai l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m, th\u00e2n v\u00e0 r\u1ec5 d\u00e0i ra l\u00e0 nh\u1edd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a: A.m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh c\u00e0nh. B.m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh b\u00ean. C.m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh l\u00f3ng. D. m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh \u0111\u1ec9nh. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 5. ( NB) \u1ede c\u00e2y M\u1ed9t l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m, m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh g\u1ed3m c\u00f3: A. m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh b\u00ean. B. m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh l\u00f3ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh b\u00ean. C. m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh l\u00f3ng. D. m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh r\u1ec5. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 6. ( TH) Cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn sau: (1)\u0110\u1ec9nh r\u1ec5 ; (2) Th\u00e2n ; (3) Ch\u1ed3i n\u00e1ch ; (4) Ch\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec9nh ; (5) Hoa ; (6) L\u00e1 M\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh \u0111\u1ec9nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1edf: A. (1), (2), (3) B. (2), (3), (4)","C. (3), (4), (5) D. (2), (5), (6) \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 7. ( VD) L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u00ean lo\u1ea1i m\u00f2 ph\u00e2n sinh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 trong H\u00ecnh (1 ),(3) m\u00f2 ph\u00e2n sinh \u0111\u1ec9nh; (2) m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh b\u00ean C\u00e2u 8( th): Giai \u0111o\u00e0n n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt? A. C\u00e2y cam con \u2192 c\u00e2y cam tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh B. \u1ebech con \u2192 \u1ebfch tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh C. Th\u00e2n c\u00e2y cam to ra D. Tr\u1ee9ng \u1ebfch th\u1ee5 tinh \u2192 \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 9. ( th) C\u00e2y cam cao l\u00ean nh\u1edd A. m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh l\u00f3ng B. m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh \u0111\u1ec9nh ng\u1ecdn C. m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh b\u00ean C. m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh tr\u1ee5 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 10( nb). M\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh l\u00e0 A. nh\u00f3m t\u1ebf ba\u00f2 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n chia B. nh\u00f3m t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n chia C. nh\u00f3m t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e0u xanh D. nh\u00f3m t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e0u x\u00e1m \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 11: ( NB) N\u00eau kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 do s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn l\u00ean. - Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sinh v\u1eadt bao g\u1ed3m sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, ph\u00e1t sinh h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.","C\u00e2u 12: ( NB) Em h\u00e3y d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft b\u1ecf. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ed5i b\u1ecb c\u1eaft b\u1ecf, c\u00e2y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u cao, do c\u00e1c ch\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec9nh ch\u1ee9a m\u00f2 ph\u00e2n sinh \u0111\u1ec9nh ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7. C\u00e2u 13: ( TH) Cho v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng: G\u00e0 con l\u1edbn l\u00ean t\u1eeb 100 g \u0111\u1ebfn con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh 2 kg. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n: Tr\u1ee9ng n\u1edf th\u00e0nh g\u00e0 con C\u00e2u 14: (TH) N\u00eau m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n: Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 hai qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau. Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng g\u1eafn v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. C\u00e2u 15( VD): V\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi: C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u cao v\u00e0 c\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng. D\u1ea5u hi\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi: Ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00f4i, ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1edf tu\u1ed5i d\u1eady th\u00ec B\u00c0I 36: KH\u00c1I QU\u00c1T V\u1ec0 SINH TR\u01af\u1edeNG V\u00c0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N \u1ede SINH V\u1eacT C\u00e2u 1: C\u00f3 m\u1ea5y lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh? (Nh\u1eadn Bi\u1ebft) A. 1 lo\u1ea1i B. 2 lo\u1ea1i C. 3 lo\u1ea1i D. 4 lo\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 2: M\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng g\u00ec? (Nh\u1eadn Bi\u1ebft) A. Gi\u00fap th\u00e2n, c\u00e0nh, r\u1ec5 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i. B. Gi\u00fap th\u00e2n, c\u00e0nh, r\u1ec5 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u ngang. C. Gi\u00fap l\u00e1 to ra. D. Gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3 to ra. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 3: M\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh b\u00ean c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng g\u00ec? (Nh\u1eadn Bi\u1ebft) A. Gi\u00fap th\u00e2n, c\u00e0nh, r\u1ec5 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i. B. Gi\u00fap th\u00e2n, c\u00e0nh, r\u1ec5 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u ngang. C. Gi\u00fap l\u00e1 d\u00e0i . D. Gi\u00fap r\u1ec5 d\u00e0i ra.","\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 4: Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec? (Nh\u1eadn Bi\u1ebft) A. L\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 B. L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i di\u1ec5n ra trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m 3: sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o C. L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i di\u1ec5n ra trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m 3: sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. D. L\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 5: Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cu\u1ea3 sinh v\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec? (Nh\u1eadn Bi\u1ebft) A. L\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 B. L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i di\u1ec5n ra trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m 3: sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o C. L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i di\u1ec5n ra trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m 3: sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. D. L\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 6: M\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh l\u00e0 (Nh\u1eadn Bi\u1ebft) A. nh\u00f3m t\u1ebf ba\u00f2 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n chia B. nh\u00f3m t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n chia C. nh\u00f3m t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e0u xanh D. nh\u00f3m t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e0u x\u00e1m \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 7: Giai \u0111o\u00e0n n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt? (Th\u00f4ng Hi\u1ec3u) A. C\u00e2y cam con \u2192 c\u00e2y cam tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh B. \u1ebech con \u2192 \u1ebfch tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh C. Th\u00e2n c\u00e2y cam to ra D. Tr\u1ee9ng \u1ebfch th\u1ee5 tinh \u2192 \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 8: Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt? (Th\u00f4ng Hi\u1ec3u) A. \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111u\u00f4i th\u00e0nh \u1ebfch con B. H\u1ea1t cam n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y con C. Th\u00e2n c\u00e2y cam to ra D. Tr\u1ee9ng \u1ebfch th\u1ee5 tinh \u2192 \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 9: T\u1ea1i sao th\u00e2n c\u00e2y to ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? (VD) A. Nh\u1edd m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh b\u00ean. B. Nh\u1edd m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh l\u00f3ng. C. Nh\u1edd m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh \u0111\u1ec9nh.","D. Nh\u1edd m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh ng\u1ecdn. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 10: T\u1ea1i sao giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y cam t\u1eeb c\u00e2y con l\u1edbn l\u00ean th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y cam tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 xen l\u1eabn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n? (VD cao) A. V\u00ec c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e1 cam to ra. B. V\u00ec c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra l\u00e1 non. C. V\u00ec c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e2n to ra. D. V\u00ec c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ec5 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 11 (Bi\u1ebft): H\u00e3y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt? Cho v\u00ed d\u1ee5. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 do s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 l\u1edbn l\u00ean. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y cam - Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i di\u1ec5n ra trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m 3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi nhau: sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: H\u1ea1t cam n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y con C\u00e2u 12 (Bi\u1ebft) M\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f3 m\u1ea5y lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh? N\u00eau \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - M\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u01b0a ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a c\u00f2n duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n chia - C\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh: + M\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh \u0111\u1ec9nh: \u1edf \u0111\u1ec9nh r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ed3i, gi\u00fap th\u00e2n, c\u00e0nh, r\u1ec5 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i. + M\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh b\u00ean: \u1edf gi\u1eefa m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y, gi\u00fap th\u00e2n, c\u00e0nh, r\u1ec5 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u ngang. C\u00e2u 13 (Hi\u1ec3u): H\u00e3y n\u00eau 4 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y cam? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e2n - S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ec5 - S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1 - S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t C\u00e2u 14 (VD): T\u1ea1i sao th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt cao l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh ng\u1ecdn, m\u00f4 ph\u00e2n sinh ng\u1ecdn ph\u00e2n chia li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e2y d\u00e0i ra, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e2y cao l\u00ean. C\u00e2u 15 (VD cao): T\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i:","- V\u00ec m\u1ed7i lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00f3 c\u00e2y 1 l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m, c\u00e2y 2 l\u00e1 m\u1ea7m, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 hoa, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hoa; lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebb tr\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebb con\u2026 n\u00ean c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u00c0I 37 : \u1ee8NG D\u1ee4NG SINH TR\u01af\u1edeNG V\u00c0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N \u1ede SINH V\u1eacT V\u00c0O TH\u1ef0C TI\u1ec4N C\u00e2u 1. (NB). M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p \u1edf th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i l\u00e0: A. H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. B. Ng\u1eebng m\u1ecdc ch\u1ed3i, r\u1ee5ng b\u1edbt c\u00e0nh nh\u00e1nh. C. R\u1ee5ng l\u00e1, t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp b\u1ea7n. D. T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 quang h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 2. (TH) M\u1ed9t ch\u1eadu c\u00e2y c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo ki\u1ec3u th\u00e2n n\u1eb1m nghi\u00eang, ng\u1ecdn h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean, c\u00e1c t\u00e1n c\u00e2y h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean. Khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e2y n\u00e0y, th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n ng\u1ecdn v\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c t\u00e1n l\u00e1 tr\u00ean th\u00e2n th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. Khi \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2y ngo\u00e0i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1? A. H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f4ng. B. H\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00e2y. C. H\u01b0\u1edbng Nam. D. H\u01b0\u1edbng B\u1eafc \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 3. (NB). \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tr\u1ed3ng xen c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 sau: A. Tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y \u01b0a b\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e2y \u01b0a s\u00e1ng sau. B. Tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y \u01b0a s\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e2y \u01b0a b\u00f3ng sau. C. Tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y. D. T\u00f9y theo m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 4. (TH). Nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e2y c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0? 1. C\u00e2y non 2. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e2m ch\u1ed3i, n\u1ea3y l\u1ed9c. 3. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ra hoa. 4. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o h\u1ea1t. A. 1,2. B. 1,3. C. 2,4. D. 2,3 \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 5. (NB) Nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt? A. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. B. Th\u1ee9c \u0103n. C. \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m. D. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B","C\u00e2u 6. (TH). T\u1eafm n\u1eafng v\u00e0o l\u00fac s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm hay chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i ( \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng y\u1ebfu) c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf v\u00ec tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i l\u00e0m cho ti\u1ec1n vitamin D bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh vitamin D c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 A. chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a photpho \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh x\u01b0\u01a1ng B. chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a Ca \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh x\u01b0\u01a1ng C. cung c\u1ea5p vitamin D tham gia c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o x\u01b0\u01a1ng D. oxi h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 7. (TH). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gia s\u00fac, khi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f9a l\u1ea1nh th\u00ec s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n m\u00f9a c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u00ec: A. Th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3m l\u00e0m cho s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a, sinh s\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3m. B. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t C. Th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3m l\u00e0m cho s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m l\u00e0m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng D. Th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3m l\u00e0m cho s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m, sinh s\u1ea3n t\u0103ng. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 8. (TH). \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ee5c th\u00e2n tr\u00ean c\u00e2y l\u00faa \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y? A. Tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa kh\u00e1ng r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. B. Lu\u00e2n canh c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c. C. Nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 xen canh trong khu tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1 \u0103n r\u1ea7y n\u00e2u. D. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 9. (VD). Etilen l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hoocmon th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u00edch g\u00e2y ch\u00edn, l\u00e0m gi\u00e0 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 r\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea3. Etilen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ngay t\u1eeb trong c\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u00edn qu\u1ea3 xanh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y? A. \u0110\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 xanh c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn. B. Ng\u00e2m qu\u1ea3 xanh v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a etilen. C. \u0110\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 xanh trong ph\u00f2ng k\u00edn ch\u1ee9a kh\u00ed etilen. D. L\u1ea5y c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 r\u1ee5ng do etilen \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m ch\u00edn. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 10. (VD). Khi b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n khoai t\u00e2y (ch\u01b0a n\u1ea5u ch\u00edn), kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec sau \u0111\u00e2y? A. \u0110\u1ec3 khoai \u1edf n\u01a1i t\u1ed1i. B. R\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch khoai. C. \u0110\u1ec3 khoai n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng. D. \u0110\u1ec3 khoai n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 11. (NB). Cho h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh sau:","a. H\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n sinh th\u00e1i v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 r\u00f4 phi l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9 C? \u0110i\u1ec3m c\u1ef1c thu\u1eadn cho bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 r\u00f4 phi? b. T\u1ea1i sao \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai, v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 r\u00f4 phi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: a. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 r\u00f4 phi l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 5 \u2013 420C. \u0110i\u1ec3m c\u1ef1c thu\u1eadn cho bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 r\u00f4 phi l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. b. \u1ede Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai, v\u00e0o mua \u0111\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p, trung b\u00ecnh 150C, c\u00f3 l\u00fac th\u1eadm ch\u00ed xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c 7-80C kho\u1ea3ng nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y l\u00e0m s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft. B\u1edfi v\u1eady m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea9m. C\u00e2u 12. (NB). Tr\u00ean sa m\u1ea1c, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edd b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 \u0103n s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m, ho\u1eb7c lan r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u1edf sa m\u1ea1c, theo em ch\u00fang gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhu c\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt tr\u00ean sa m\u1ea1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch: - H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u00e1t n\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 da, ch\u00e2n, ...\u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. - T\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb l\u00e1 c\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn m\u01b0a. - L\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c \u0103n. - C\u00f3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc. - C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1ecbn kh\u00e1t l\u00e2u. C\u00e2u 13. (TH). T\u1ea1i sao khi b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n cho c\u00e2y n\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 b\u00f3n khi tr\u1eddi m\u00e1t, tr\u00e1nh b\u00f3n l\u00fac n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng?","L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - Ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n (c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng) c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng h\u00fat c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0o tan n\u00e0y. V\u00ec v\u1eady khi b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n c\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a tan c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap c\u00e2y h\u00fat ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. - B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0o l\u00fac m\u00e1t tr\u1eddi, tr\u00e1nh b\u00f3n l\u00fac n\u0103ng n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, n\u1ebfu b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n l\u00fac n\u0103ng g\u1eaft c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u00e1y l\u00e1, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e2y. C\u00e2u 14. (VD). T\u1ea1i sao khi tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh m\u00f9a v\u1ee5? Hi\u1ec7n nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00e1i v\u1ee5 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: a. Tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 v\u00ec m\u1ed7i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m trong n\u0103m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a... kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u1ebfu tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p -> c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u00e9m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ea7m m\u1ed1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. b. Hi\u1ec7n nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00e1i v\u1ee5 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: - C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i hoocmon sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. - s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, nh\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e2y...... C\u00e2u 15. (VDC). C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7 v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t sau: ng\u00f4, l\u00faa, \u0111\u1eadu \u0111en, s\u1eafn, khoai t\u00e2y, khoai lang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o? C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - Ng\u00f4, l\u00faa, \u0111\u1eadu \u0111en: ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4 ki\u1ec7t, tr\u00e1nh \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt. - Khoai t\u00e2y, khoai lang, s\u1eafn: b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u1edf kho c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, tr\u00e1nh \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. - C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf: k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m.) B\u00c0I 37: \u1ee8NG D\u1ee4NG SINH TR\u01af\u1edeNG V\u00c0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N \u1ede SINH V\u1eacT V\u00c0O TH\u1ef0C TI\u1ec4N C\u00e2u 1 (N.Bi\u1ebft): N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u1edf th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu: A. Qua m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y theo chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng. B. T\u1eeb m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 sang m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y. C. Qua m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 theo chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean tr\u00ean. D. T\u1eeb m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y sang m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 2 (N.Bi\u1ebft): Ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u1edf th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu:","A. Qua m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y theo chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng. B. Q\u1eeb m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 sang m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y. C. T\u1eeb m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y sang m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7. D. Qua m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 3 (N.Bi\u1ebft): Tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y xanh trong c\u00e1c vai tr\u00f2 sau \u0111\u00e2y? (1) T\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c h\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean. (2) Gi\u00fap h\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 c\u00e2y v\u00e0o nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng. (3) T\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. (4) Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng O2 gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. (5) Kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1edf cho CO2 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n v\u00e0o l\u00e1 c.c\u1ea5p cho q.tr\u00ecnh quang h\u1ee3p. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0: A. (1), (3) v\u00e0 (5). B. (1), (2) v\u00e0 (3). C. (2), (3) v\u00e0 (4). D. (1), (2) v\u00e0 (5). \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 4 (N.Bi\u1ebft): Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00e0: A. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 c\u01a1 quan trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. B. Q.tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 do t\u0103ng k.th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tb. C. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. D. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 5 (N.Bi\u1ebft): Q.tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 q.tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt? A. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ra hoa. B. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt t\u1ea1o h\u1ea1t. C. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc. D. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1, hoa. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 6 (N.Bi\u1ebft): B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a r\u1ec5 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i kho\u00e1ng: A. Th\u00e2n B. L\u00e1 C. M\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 D. L\u00f4ng h\u00fat \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 7 (N.Bi\u1ebft): Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng qua bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m: A. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i qua l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c. B. \u1ea4u tr\u00f9ng gi\u1ed1ng con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. C. Con non kh\u00e1c con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. D. Ph\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 8 (T.Hi\u1ec3u): Khi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng no n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec: A. Th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng c\u0103ng ra, th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y co l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m cho kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1edf ra. B. Th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y c\u0103ng ra l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng c\u0103ng theo, kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1edf ra. C. Th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y c\u0103ng ra l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng co l\u1ea1i, kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1edf ra. D. Th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng c\u0103ng ra l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y c\u0103ng theo, kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1edf ra. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D C\u00e2u 9 (T.Hi\u1ec3u): Khi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec: A. Th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng h\u1ebft c\u0103ng ra l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng, k.kh\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i. B. Th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y c\u0103ng ra l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng cong theo, kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i.","C. Th\u00e0nh d\u1ea3y c\u0103ng ra l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng co l\u1ea1i, kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i. D. Th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng c\u0103ng ra l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh d\u00e0y c\u0103ng theo, kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1edf ra. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 10 (V.D\u1ee5ng): C\u00e2y s\u1ed1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y? A. Tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u00ean trong l\u00e1. B. Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. C. Gi\u1ea3m \u00e1nh n\u1eafng gay g\u1eaft c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. D. T\u0103ng t\u1ebf s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a l\u00e1. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 11 (V.D\u1ee5ng): Khi nu\u00f4i l\u1ee3n \u1ec9, n\u00ean xu\u1ea5t chu\u1ed3ng l\u00fac ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 50 \u2013 60 kg v\u00ec: A. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang B. Sau giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u1ee3n l\u1edbn r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm. C. Sau giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u1ee3n s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. D. Nu\u00f4i l\u00e2u th\u1ecbt l\u1ee3n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ngon. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 12 (V.D\u1ee5ng): V\u00ec sao nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 r\u00f4 phi n\u00ean thu ho\u1ea1ch sau 1 n\u0103m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2u h\u01a1n? A. Sau 1 n\u0103m c\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1i \u0111a. B. C\u00e1 nu\u00f4i l\u00e2u th\u1ecbt s\u1ebd dai v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ngon, t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m th\u1ee9c \u0103n. C. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 r\u00f4 phi nhanh nh\u1ea5t \u1edf n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m. D. C\u00e1 r\u00f4 phi c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ng\u1eafn. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 13 (V.D.Cao): Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng qua bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i l\u00e0: A. C\u00e1 ch\u00e9p, g\u00e0, th\u1ecf, kh\u1ec9. B. C\u00e1nh cam, b\u1ecd r\u00f9a, b\u01b0\u1edbm, ru\u1ed3i. C. B\u1ecd ng\u1ef1a, c\u00e0o c\u00e0o, t\u00f4m, cua D. Ch\u00e2u ch\u1ea5u, \u1ebfch, mu\u1ed7i. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A C\u00e2u 14 (V.D.Cao): \u0110V n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qua bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n? A. Ch\u00e2u ch\u1ea5u. B. R\u1eafn. C. B\u01b0\u1edbm. D. Ch\u00f3. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: C C\u00e2u 15 (V.D.Cao): Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1ed5 m\u1ea1 l\u00ean r\u1ed3i c\u1ea5y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch: A. Gi\u00fap c\u00e2y l\u00faa \u0111\u1ebb nh\u00e1nh t\u1ed1t. B. L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ec9nh r\u1ec5 gi\u00fap b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh. C. L\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed. D. K\u00ecm h\u00e3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a l\u00faa ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ed1p \u0111\u1ed5. \u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B C\u00e2u 16 (N.Bi\u1ebft): V\u00ec sao khi di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e2y \u0111i tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eaft b\u1edbt m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e0nh, l\u00e1?","L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: Khi b\u1ee9ng c\u00e2y \u0111em tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1eaft b\u1edbt m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00fat v\u00e0o v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea5t \u0111i, c\u00f3 th\u1ebf m\u1edbi n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e2y s\u1ed1ng. C\u00e2u 17 (N.Bi\u1ebft): Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong c\u00e2y? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: - N\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng ho\u00e0 tan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n theo m\u1ea1ch g\u1ed7 t\u1eeb r\u1ec5 l\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y (d\u00f2ng \u0111i l\u00ean). - Ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 do l\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1i d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef nh\u1edd m\u1ea1ch r\u00e2y (d\u00f2ng \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng). C\u00e2u 18 (N.Bi\u1ebft): V\u00ec sao v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4 hanh, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng khi th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e2y? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: V\u00ec v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4 hanh, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u2192 C\u00e2y m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2192 C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp l\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y. C\u00e2u 19 (N.Bi\u1ebft ): V\u00ec sao d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y m\u00e1t h\u01a1n d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1i che b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: D\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y m\u00e1t h\u01a1n d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1i che b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00ec: - Kho\u1ea3ng 90% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 c\u00e2y h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i ra ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ra qua kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng \u1edf l\u00e1, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1n c\u00e2y, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 6-10oC so v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u00e1t h\u01a1n. - C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00ed kh\u1ed5ng m\u1edf ra \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec O2 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 CO2 c\u0169ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n v\u00e0o l\u00e1. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u O2 v\u00e0 \u00edt CO2 xung quanh s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1n c\u00e2y d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu h\u01a1n. - M\u00e1i che b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean, ngo\u00e0i ra ch\u00fang c\u00f2n h\u1ea5p thu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec7t. V\u00ec v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1i che s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi khi \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y. C\u00e2u 20 (T.Hi\u1ec3u): Cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qua bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qua bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i; S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qua bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n? L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i: * S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qua bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qua bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i: - Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0110V qua bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 sinh l\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt sau khi sinh ra ho\u1eb7c n\u1edf t\u1eeb tr\u1ee9ng ra. - Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng qua bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 con non c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 sinh l\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi con tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. * S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa p.tri\u1ec3n qua bi\u1ebfn th\u00e1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n."]