Time Sifters Archaeology Society Newsletter June 2022

JUNE-2022 PRESERVATION  EDUCATION  RESEARCH  INSPIRE Dear Member: We, the Board of Time Sifters, hope you enjoy your summer. We are taking time off to enjoy our family, friends and beautiful Florida. Personally I have two trips planned. First, we are going to upstate New York for a couple of weeks and then in August we have a three week trip to Canterbury in England. Over the summer we will be putting together the 2022/2023 Calendar. If you have any suggestions please send me an email. See you in September. Thank you for being a Time Sifters member. Darwin “Smitty” Smith, President [email protected] Archaeologists You Should Know Gordon Randolph Willey Prolific scholar, mystery writer, and dean of pre-Columbian Archaeology By Marian Almy, Time Sifters Board Member. Sources: New York Times; Gordon R. Wiley and American Archaeology; Andean Past, Vol. 8, Article 4. Gordon and frequently collaborated Smithsonian Institution in Randolph with great American the early 1940s resulted in Willey was archaeologists, including his 1949 opus, the born in Chariton James Ford. Late in the “Archeology of the Florida Gulf Iowa in 1913; 1930s he became interested in Coast.” This publication set the his family the archaeology of Florida agenda for archaeological moved to and the lower Southeast. method and theory for California in Collaboration and extensive generations of Florida and 1925 and he field work sponsored by the the Southeastern archaeologists. attended high school in Long Photos: Harvard, ebay, Peabody Museum Today, it Beach. After graduation, he remains “the enrolled in the University of go to source Arizona (UA) where he studied and backbone” anthropology and was awarded for Florida a B.A. and a M.A. Reportedly archaeologists. he received a bronze track In fact, two medal while at UA and he Time Sifter proudly displayed it on his members desk, maintaining a commitment early in their to physical fitness during his careers, built many years of field work upon Willey’s through the Americas. early During the 1930s he worked chronology of in the Southeast US under the Florida’s Works Progress Administration Continued on page 2 ...

Continued from page 1 ... Gordon Randolph Willey … central Gulf Coast. Photos: AbeBooks, Harvard, Not to be confined to North Publishers Weekly, Peobody Museum, National Geographic, America, Gordon Willey began aleph.pt, WUSF. his lengthy and significant career focusing on what is referred to - Wiley was greatly honored and Sciences and as settlement pattern studies, over his long career. To name corresponding Fellow of the an approach he applied a few, he was elected to British Academy; awards methodically in the Viru Valley membership in the American included the Kidder Award along the northwest coast of Philosophical Society, National for Eminence in the Field of Peru in the 1940s. This new Academy of Sciences, the American Archaeology, the approach paved the way for American Academy of Arts Viking Medal, and the today’s anthropologists to Distinguished Service Award reconstruct the economic, from the Society for American political, and social organizations of Archaeology. ancient peoples. Dr. Willey, a Harvard professor for 36 years, In addition to producing was the University’s first many highly regarded scientific Charles P. Bowditch professor works, Willey was a successful of Mexican and Central American writer of fiction! He was Archaeology and Ethnology in President of Boston’s Tavern 1950. His meticulously Club from 1973 to 1975 and documented research at Mayan penned successful plays for archaeological sites in Belize, that organization. Amazingly, Guatemala and Honduras, as he also wrote archaeological well as sites in Peru, exemplified mystery novels, the first of “Processual Archaeology” which “Selena.” was partially because it focused on the set in a Florida coastal town. function of small satellite settlements and ceramics scattered across a landscape, rather than standard pottery chronologies. Always a pioneer, Willey quickly saw the value of World War II “air photos” when the military sponsored systematic aerial photographic documentation of all coastal regions of the southern hemisphere. Using this devel- oping resource, he located and mapped ceramic scatters, villages, and architectural remains in coastal Peru, thus gathering heretofore unavailable settlement pattern data. By the 1960s his singular overview as an individual scholar with first -hand field experience in North, Middle and South America resulted in the publication of “An Introduction to American Archaeology Vol. 1 and 2.” Today it remains unparalleled in the Americas. His genius did not go unnoticed

UNESCO World Heritage Sites #1485 - The Forth Bridge (Scotland) By Smitty, Time Sifters Board Member. Sources: Wikipedia, Encyclopedia Britannica, World Heritage Site & The Forth Bridges The Forth Bridge is a cantilever Photo: railway bridge over the Firth of Historic Scotland, Scotrail, Pinterest Forth in the east of Scotland, nine miles west of the Edinburgh Vital statistics for a marvel of Victorian engineering. City Center. It is sometimes • The Forth Bridge first opened on March 4, 1890 referred to as the Forth Rail • The overall length is 8,094 feet Bridge (to distinguish it from • The main structure (portal to portal) measures 5,347 feet the adjacent Forth Road • The highest point stands 361 feet above high water Bridge), although this has • 53,000 tons of steel and 6.5 million rivets were used to never been its official name. construct the Forth Bridge The bridge was the world’s • The piers are constructed from 120,000 cubic yards of earliest great multispan cantilever bridge, and at 8,094 concrete and masonry, faced with two feet thick granite feet remains one of the longest. • 200 trains use the bridge every day, carrying over three When it opened it had the longest single cantilever bridge million passengers each year span in the world, until 1919 • The total painted area is 41,700,000 square feet, requiring when the Quebec Bridge in Canada was completed. 5,800,000 gallons of paint • There are 1,040 lights installed on the bridge, using It was designed by the English engineers Sir John Fowler and approximately 131,233.6 feet of cable Sir Benjamin Baker. Construction • 57 lives were lost during the construction of the bridge began in 1882 • At the height of its construction, more than 4,000 people and it was opened on March 4th, 1890 by the Prince of were employed Wales, the future King • The construction of the bridge resulted in an unbroken east Edward VII. It continues to carry passengers and freight. coast railway route from London to Aberdeen. A regular ferry operated between North and South Queensferry as far back as the 12th century. By the 18th it was reckoned to be the busiest ferry in Scotland, linking the Northeast of the country with Edinburgh and the south. Ferries continued to be the only way to cross the Firth of Forth for vehicles other than trains until 1964, when the Forth Road Bridge opened. Innovative in style, materials, and scale, the Forth Bridge is an important milestone in bridge design and construction during the period when railways came to dominate long-distance land travel.

Did You Know? Cornelia Futor Memorial Grant By Sherry Svekus, Time Sifters Board Member. Archaeological Mitigation Project, presenting a poster to Time Sifters recalibrated its Cornelia Futor Memorial Grant the public at the Sands Space this year to award $1000 to an archaeology student currently Museum in Cape Canaveral, enrolled at a Florida university or college. and performing a museum internship at McLarty The grant is aimed to support a student conducting Treasure Museum in Vero archaeological research or pursuing other activities (such as a Beach. She also worked part field school), that will benefit their advancement in the field. We time during the school year to had six outstanding applications. help pay for attending the Kerkenes field school. The winner of the grant is Raynaliz Velazquez, a student at University We’ll receive a report and of Central Florida. She will use the grant to photos after she returns from help pay the expenses of her field school this Turkey. We’ll also be hearing summer at the Kerkenes Project in Turkey. about the Kerkenes Project As an undergraduate, Ms. Velazquez has from its director, UCF’s already grabbed several opportunities to Dr. Scott Branting, our learn about the field, including surveying January speaker. and excavation as part of the Cape Canaveral A Time Sifters Book Review Tim White, whose energy, work ethic, and opinions made him a Fossil Men lightning rod for controversy even before his team’s 1994 finding of The Quest for the Oldest Skeleton “Ardi,” a skeleton older than Lucy and the Origins of Humankind whose age approaches the era when hominids and chimpanzees By: Kermit Pattison Review by Kirkus diverged from their presumed common ancestor. Colleagues Perhaps once a that readers prefer personalities fumed for 15 years as his team decade, a journalist recounts the to events, and Pattison describes studied the bones, and the resulting history and latest findings in plenty of ambitious, media-savvy massive 2009 report aggravated human evolution, a subject of researchers whose often bitter matters. The anthropological apparently endless appeal - Martin hostility has stalled progress but community learned that “they Meredith’s Born in Africa (2011) makes for lively reading. He were looking up the wrong tree for remains a page-turner. Pattison passes quickly over the father of human origins, and that their caught the bug in 2012 and African anthropology, the colorful quest to link early humanity to devoted seven years to gathering Louis Leakey, spends more time modern apes was nullified by Ardi material. The result is a satisfying on his wife and family and their because the last common ancestor education on the status of the pioneering findings, and gives a looked like no modern species.” human family tree over the past major role to Donald Johanson, Pattison delivers a gripping and five million years, and the author whose 1974 discovery of a partial reasonably balanced account of provides detailed explanations of skeleton of “Lucy,” a small, primitive the predictably hostile reception, how anthropologists tease infor- human ancestor. Mostly Pattison and this remains a controversial mation from bones, teeth, and local focuses on anatomist Owen interpretation, although it has geology. It’s a journalistic maxim Lovejoy and anthropologist made some converts. Board of Officers: Lifetime: $350 Pay online at: Directors Darwin \"Smitty\" Smith, President Individual: $25 WWW.TimeSifters.org Sherry Svekis, Vice President Family: $35 Or mail checks to: Mary S. Maisel, Secretary Student: $10 Time Sifters, Inc. Laura Harrison, Treasurer Supporting $50 PO Box 5283 Karen Jensen, Membership Sarasota, FL. 34277 Marion Almy Jean Louise Lammie Evelyn Mangie Copyright © 2022 Time SiftersArchaeology Society,Inc., All rights reserved.