Bí mật Toán học - Tuấn Minh

["C\u00f4ng\tc\u1ee5\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tng\u00e0y\tx\u01b0a\tc\u1ee7a\tcon\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tc\u00f3\tnh\u1eefng\tlo\u1ea1i\tn\u00e0o? C\u00e1c\tb\u1ea1n\tc\u00f3\tbi\u1ebft\tnh\u00e2n\tlo\u1ea1i\tth\u1eddi\tnguy\u00ean\tthu\u1ef7\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tnh\u01b0\tth\u1ebf\tn\u00e0o\tkh\u00f4ng? Khi\t\u0111\u00f3\ts\u1ee9c\ts\u1ea3n\txu\u1ea5t\tc\u1ef1c\tth\u1ea5p,\tng\u00f4n\tng\u1eef\tv\u00e0\tch\u1eef\tvi\u1ebft\tc\u00f2n\tch\u01b0a\th\u00ecnh\tth\u00e0nh,\tm\u1ecdi\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\td\u00f9ng\tph\u01b0\u01a1ng\tph\u00e1p k\u1ebft\tth\u1eebng\t\u0111\u1ec3\tghi\tl\u1ea1i\tcon\ts\u1ed1,\td\u00f9ng\tque\tg\u1ed7\tnh\u1ecf\t\u0111\u1ec3\tl\u00e0m\tnh\u1eefng\tph\u00e9p\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tc\u1ed9ng\ttr\u1eeb\t\u0111\u01a1n\tgi\u1ea3n.\t\u0110\u1ebfn\tch\u1ebf\t\u0111\u1ed9\tx\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\tn\u00f4\tl\u1ec7,\ts\u1ee9c\ts\u1ea3n\txu\u1ea5t\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tn\u00e2ng\tcao,\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tta\tc\u0169ng\tph\u00e1t\tminh\tra\tnh\u1eefng\tc\u00f4ng\tc\u1ee5\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tm\u1edbi. Th\u1eddi\tXu\u00e2n\tThu,\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tta\td\u00f9ng\t\u201cth\u1ebb\u201d\t\u0111\u1ec3\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n,\tc\u00f2n\tg\u1ecdi\t\u201ct\u00ednh\tth\u1ebb\u201d.\tTh\u1ebb\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tl\u00e0m\tt\u1eeb\ttre\tho\u1eb7c\tg\u1ed7,\tb\u00ean tr\u00ean\t \u0111\u00e1nh\t d\u1ea5u\t nh\u1eefng\t con\t s\u1ed1\t kh\u00e1c\t nhau,\t l\u1ea5y\t nh\u1eefng\t th\u1ebb\t kh\u00e1c\t nhau\t gh\u00e9p\t l\u1ea1i,\t c\u00f3\t th\u1ec3\t ti\u1ebfn\t h\u00e0nh\t ph\u00e9p\t t\u00ednh\t to\u00e1n c\u1ed9ng\ttr\u1eeb\tnh\u00e2n\tchia\tkh\u00e1c\tnhau.\tNgo\u00e0i\tra,\tc\u00f2n\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tt\u00ednh\tb\u00ecnh\tph\u01b0\u01a1ng,\tl\u1eadp\tph\u01b0\u01a1ng,\tv.v... \u0110\u1ebfn\t\u0111\u1ea7u\tth\u1eddi\tMinh\ttri\u1ec1u,\tkhi\tChu\tNguy\u00ean\tCh\u01b0\u01a1ng\tth\u1ed1ng\ttr\u1ecb\tTrung\tQu\u1ed1c,\tt\u00ednh\tth\u1ebb\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tthay\tth\u1ebf\tb\u1eb1ng\tb\u00e0n t\u00ednh.\tB\u1ea1n\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tr\u1ea5t\tquen\tv\u1edbi\tki\u1ec3u\tb\u00e0n\tt\u00ednh.\tB\u00e0n\tt\u00ednh\tth\u1eddi\tc\u1ed5\tv\u00e0\tb\u00e0n\tt\u00ednh\tb\u00e2y\tgi\u1edd\tkh\u00e1c\tbi\u1ec7t\tkh\u00f4ng\tnhi\u1ec1u,\tb\u00ean ngo\u00e0i\tl\u00e0\tkhung\tg\u1ed7\th\u00ecnh\tch\u1eef\tnh\u1eadt,\tt\u1eeb\ttr\u00ean\txu\u1ed1ng\td\u01b0\u1edbi\txi\u00ean\tnh\u1eefng\tque\tg\u1ed7\tnh\u1ecf,\tc\u0169ng\tch\u00ednh\tl\u00e0\t\u201cgi\u00f3ng\u201d,\tth\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng\t chia\t th\u00e0nh\t 9\t gi\u00f3ng,\t 11\t gi\u00f3ng\t v\u00e0\t 15\t gi\u00f3ng.\t Ph\u00eda\t tr\u00ean\t b\u00e0n\t t\u00ednh\t c\u00f2n\t c\u00f3\t m\u1ed9t\t x\u00e0\t ngang,\t tr\u00ean\t m\u1ed7i\t m\u1ed9t gi\u00f3ng\tque\tc\u1ee7a\tph\u00eda\ttr\u00ean\tx\u00e0\tc\u00f3\thai\th\u1ea1t\ttr\u00f2n,\ttr\u00ean\tm\u1ed7i\tgi\u00f3ng\tc\u1ee7a\tph\u00eda\td\u01b0\u1edbi\tx\u00e0\tc\u00f3\t5\th\u1ea1t.\tKhi\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tg\u1ea1t\th\u1ea1t tr\u00f2n\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n.\tB\u1edfi\tv\u00ec\tb\u00e0n\tt\u00ednh\t\u0111\u01a1n\tgi\u1ea3n\td\u1ec5\th\u1ecdc,\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\tti\u1ec7n\tl\u1ee3i\tn\u00ean\tcho\t\u0111\u1ebfn\tnay\tv\u1eabn\tc\u00f2n\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\t\u1edf m\u1ed9t\ts\u1ed1\tn\u01a1i. \u0110\u1ebfn\tth\u1eddi\tk\u1ef3\tc\u1eadn\t\u0111\u1ea1i,\tcon\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tph\u1ea3i\tth\u1ef1c\thi\u1ec7n\tnh\u1eefng\tph\u00e9p\tt\u00ednh\tph\u1ee9c\tt\u1ea1p\ttr\u00ean\tcon\t\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\tchinh\tph\u1ee5c\tgi\u1edbi t\u1ef1\tnhi\u00ean,\tth\u1ebf\tl\u00e0\txu\u1ea5t\thi\u1ec7n\tc\u00e1c\tlo\u1ea1i\tc\u00f4ng\tc\u1ee5\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n,\tnh\u01b0\tth\u01b0\u1edbc,\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tl\u1eafc\ttay,\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\t\u0111i\u1ec7n\t\u0111\u1ed9ng.\tM\u00e1y t\u00ednh\tl\ttay\tl\u00e0\tg\u00ec?\tN\u00f3\tch\u00ednh\tl\u00e0\tc\u00f4ng\tc\u1ee5\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tl\u1eafp\t\u0111\u1eb7t\tho\u00e0n\tto\u00e0n\tc\u01a1\tkh\u00ed,\tk\u00e8m\ttheo\tm\u1ed9t\tchi\u1ebfc\tc\u1ea7n\tl\u1eafc,\tkhi\tl\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c\tc\u1ea7n\td\u00f9ng\ttay\tchuy\u1ec3n\t\u0111\u1ed9ng\tc\u1ea7n\tl\u1eafc,\tl\u00e0m\tchuy\u1ebfn\t\u0111\u1ed9ng\tc\u00e1c\tb\u1ed9\tph\u1eadn\tc\u01a1\tkh\u00ed\tb\u00ean\ttrong.\tKhi\tn\u00f3\tl\u00e0m\tvi\u1ec7c, t\u1ea1p\t\u00e2m\tto,\tl\u00e0m\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tta\tt\u01b0\u01a1ng\t\u0111\u1ed1i\tm\u1ecfi\tm\u1ec7t.\tSau\t\u0111\u00f3,\ttr\u00ean\tc\u01a1\ts\u1edf\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\td\u00f9ng\ttay\tl\u1eafc,\tth\u00eam\tv\u00e0o\tm\u1ed9t\tchi\u1ebfc m\u00f4\tt\u01a1\tnh\u1ecf,\tc\u0169ng\tch\u00ednh\tl\u00e0\tm\u00e1y\t\u0111i\u1ec7n\t\u0111\u1ed9ng\tnh\u1ecf,\tnh\u01b0ng\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\ts\u1ed1\tli\u1ec7u\tph\u1ee9c\tt\u1ea1p\tv\u1eabn\tc\u1ea7n\tth\u1eddi\tgian\tr\u1ea5t\td\u00e0i. Theo\ts\u1ef1\tph\u00e1t\ttri\u1ec3n\tnhanh\tch\u00f3ng\tc\u1ee7a\tkhoa\th\u1ecdc\tk\u1ef9\tthu\u1eadt,\tquy\tm\u00f4\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tv\u00e0\ttr\u00ecnh\t\u0111\u1ed9\tph\u1ee9c\tt\u1ea1p\tc\u0169ng\tkh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng\tt\u0103ng\tl\u00ean.\tNh\u1eefng\tn\u0103m\t40\tth\u1ebf\tk\u1ef7\t20,\tc\u00e1c\tnh\u00e0\tkhoa\th\u1ecdc\tth\u00f4ng\tqua\tm\u1ea5y\tn\u0103m\tn\u1ed7\tl\u1ef1c\tgian\tkh\u1ed5,\t\u1ee9ng\td\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9\tthu\u1eadt\t\u0111i\u1ec7n\tt\u1eed\t\u0111\u00e3\ts\u00e1ng\tt\u1ea1o\tra\tm\u1ed9t\tlo\u1ea1i\tc\u00f4ng\tc\u1ee5\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tho\u00e0n\tto\u00e0n\tm\u1edbi-\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\t\u0111i\u1ec7n\tt\u1eed.\tN\u00f3\tph\u00e1t\ttri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn\tng\u00e0y\tnay,\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\t\u1ee9ng\td\u1ee5ng\tr\u1ed9ng\tr\u00e3i\ttrong\tcu\u1ed9c\ts\u1ed1ng\tc\u1ee7a\tch\u00fang\tta.\tS\u1ef1\tph\u00e1t\tminh\tv\u00e0\tph\u00e1t\ttri\u1ec3n\tc\u1ee7a\tn\u00f3\tl\u00e0 m\u1ed9t\ttrong\tnh\u1eefng\tth\u00e0nh\tt\u1ef1u\tkhoa\th\u1ecdc\tk\u1ef9\tthu\u1eadt\tv\u0129\t\u0111\u1ea1i\tc\u1ee7a\tth\u1ebf\tk\u1ef7\t20.","C\u00f3\tph\u1ea3i\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tch\u1ec9\tchuy\u00ean\td\u00f9ng\t\u0111\u1ec3\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n? Ph\u00e2n\tt\u00edch\tt\u1eeb\tc\u00e1i\tt\u00ean\t\u201cm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\u201d\tc\u00f3\tngh\u0129a\tl\u00e0\tm\u00e1y\tm\u00f3c\td\u00f9ng\tcho\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n.\t\u0110\u00fang\tv\u1eady,\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tra\t\u0111\u1eddi\tl\u00e0\tdo s\u1ef1\tc\u1ea7n\tthi\u1ebft\t\u0111\u1ed1i\tv\u1edbi\tcon\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\ttrong\tnghi\u00ean\tc\u1ee9u\tkhoa\th\u1ecdc\tv\u00e0\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tc\u00f4ng\ttr\u00ecnh.\tTrong\tnghi\u00ean\tc\u1ee9u\tkhoa h\u1ecdc\tc\u01a1\ts\u1edf\tnh\u00e0\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc,\tv\u1eadt\tl\u00ed,\tho\u00e1\th\u1ecdc,\tsinh\tv\u1eadt\th\u1ecdc\tv.v...,\ttrong\tthi\u1ebft\tk\u1ebf\tc\u00f4ng\ttr\u00ecnh\tkhoa\th\u1ecdc\tnh\u01b0\tthi\u1ebft\tk\u1ebf m\u00e1y\tbay,\tm\u00e1y\tph\u00e1t\t\u0111i\u1ec7n\tthu\u1ef7\tl\u1ee3i\tv.\tv...\t\u0111\u1ec1u\tc\u1ea7n\tti\u1ebfn\th\u00e0nh\tkh\u1ed1i\tl\u01b0\u1ee3ng\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tr\u1ea5t\tnhi\u1ec1u,\ts\u1ef1\txu\u1ea5t\thi\u1ec7n\tc\u1ee7a m\u00e1y\t t\u00ednh,\t kh\u00f4ng\u1ebft\t ki\u1ec7m\t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\t th\u1eddi\t gian,\t nh\u00e2n\t l\u1ef1c,\t v\u1eadt\t l\u1ef1c,\t c\u00f2n\t cho\t ra\t \u0111\u00e1p\t \u00e1n\t \u0111\u1ea7y\t \u0111\u1ee7,\t ch\u00ednh\t x\u00e1c\t \u0111\u1ed1i\t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng\t c\u00e2u\t h\u1ecfi\t tr\u01b0\u1edbc\t nay\t kh\u00f4ng\t gi\u1ea3i\t quy\u1ebft\t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\t M\u00e1y\t t\u00ednh\t v\u1edbi\t t\u1ed1c\t \u0111\u1ed9\t nhanh,\t ch\u00ednh\t x\u00e1c,\t hi\u1ec7u\t qu\u1ea3\t cao\t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\t\u0111\u00e3\tb\u01b0\u1edbc\tv\u00e0o\tnhi\u1ec1u\tl\u0129nh\tv\u1ef1c\tkhoa\th\u1ecdc. Theo\ts\u1ef1\tti\u1ebfn\tb\u1ed9\tc\u1ee7a\tkhoa\th\u1ecdc\tk\u1ef9\tthu\u1eadt,\tnh\u00e2n\tlo\u1ea1i\t\u0111\u00e3\tb\u01b0\u1edbc\tv\u00e0o\tx\u00e3\th\u1ed9i\ttin\tt\u1ee9c,\tc\u00e1c\tlo\u1ea1i\ttin\tt\u1ee9c\tkh\u1ed1i\tl\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn\t(nh\u01b0\tv\u0103n\tki\u1ec7n,\ts\u1ed1\tli\u1ec7u\tv.v..)\tkh\u00f4ng\tng\u1eebng\txu\u1ea5t\thi\u1ec7n.\tC\u00f3\tl\u00fac\tch\u00fang\tta\tc\u1ea7n\tl\u01b0u\ttr\u1eef\tnh\u1eefng\ttin\tt\u1ee9c\tn\u00e0y,\tc\u00f3 l\u00fac\tl\u1ea1i\tc\u1ea7n\tph\u00e2n\tt\u00edch\ttin\tt\u1ee9c,\tc\u00f2n\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tph\u1ea3i\tph\u00e2n\tlo\u1ea1i,\ttruy\u1ec1n\t\u0111i\tv.v..,\tkhi\t\u0111\u00f3,\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tl\u1ea1i\t\u0111\u1ea3m\tnh\u1eadn\tnh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m\tv\u1ee5\tn\u00e0y.\tNg\u00e0y\tnay,\ttrong\tgia\t\u0111\u00ecnh\thi\u1ec7n\t\u0111\u1ea1i,\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tgi\u00fap\tb\u1ea1n\th\u1ecdc\tt\u1eadp,\tl\u00ean\ts\u1ed5\ts\u00e1ch,\txem\tphim, nghe\tnh\u1ea1c,\tth\u1eadm\tch\u00ed\tl\u00ean\tm\u1ea1ng\tch\u01a1i,\tmua\th\u00e0ng,\tchuy\u1ec3n\tnh\u1eadn\tth\u01b0\tt\u00edn\tv.v...,\tc\u00f4ng\tn\u0103ng\tnhi\u1ec1u\t\u0111\u1ebfn\tm\u1ee9c\tk\u1ec3\tkh\u00f4ng h\u1ebft\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\tNg\u00e0y\tnay,\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\t\u0111\u00e3\ttr\u1edf\tth\u00e0nh\tm\u1ed9t\tph\u1ea7n\tkh\u00f4ng\tth\u1ec3\tthi\u1ebfu\ttrong\tcu\u1ed9c\ts\u1ed1ng\tc\u1ee7a\tch\u00fang\tta. Th\u1ebf\tth\u00ec\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tc\u00f2n\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tl\u00e0m\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tnh\u1eefng\tg\u00ec? M\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tgi\u00fap\tcon\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tti\u1ebfn\th\u00e0nh\tc\u00f4ng\tvi\u1ec7c\tthi\u1ebft\tk\u1ebf\tm\u00e1y\tm\u00f3c,\tx\u00e2y\td\u1ef1ng,\tm\u1ea1ch\t\u0111i\u1ec7n\tv\u00e0\tthi\u1ebft\tk\u1ebf c\u1ea3\tb\u1ea3n\tth\u00e2n\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh.\tC\u00f3\ts\u1ef1\tgi\u00fap\t\u0111\u1ee1\tc\u1ee7a\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh,\tkh\u00f4ng\tch\u1ec9\tt\u0103ng\tnhanh\tth\u00eam\tch\u1ea5t\tl\u01b0\u1ee3ng,\tt\u1ed1c\t\u0111\u1ed9\ts\u1ea3n\txu\u1ea5t, m\u00e0\t c\u00f2n\t khi\u1ebfn\t cho\t to\u00e0n\t b\u1ed9\t qu\u00e1\t tr\u00ecnh\t c\u1ee7a\t d\u1ef1\t \u00e1n\t c\u00f4ng\t tr\u00ecnh\t \u0111\u1ec1u\t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\t \u0111i\u1ec1u\t khi\u1ec3n\t d\u01b0\u1edbi\t s\u1ef1\t b\u1ed1\t tr\u1ee3\t m\u00e1y\t t\u00ednh, ho\u00e0n\tto\u00e0n\tthay\t\u0111\u1ed5i\tb\u1ed9\tm\u1eb7t\tc\u0169\ttr\u01b0\u1edbc\tkia.\tM\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tc\u00f2n\t\u1ee9ng\td\u1ee5ng\tr\u1ed9ng\tr\u00e3i\tv\u00e0o\tl\u0129nh\tv\u1ef1c\th\u00e0ng\tkh\u00f4ng\tv\u0169\ttr\u1ee5, qu\u00e2n\ts\u1ef1\tv\u00e0\tt\u1ef1\t\u0111\u1ed9ng\tho\u00e1\ttrong\tqu\u00e1\ttr\u00ecnh\ts\u1ea3n\txu\u1ea5t.\tV\u00ed\td\u1ee5,\tvi\u1ec7c\t\u0111i\u1ec1u\tkhi\u1ec3n\tm\u00e1y\tbay,\t\u0111\u1ea1n\t\u0111\u1ea1o,\tv\u1ec7\ttinh\tnh\u00e2n\tt\u1ea1o v\u00e0\tphi\tthuy\u1ec1n\tv\u0169\ttr\u1ee5\t\u0111\u1ec1u\td\u1ef1a\tv\u00e0o\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\t\u0111\u1ec3\tth\u1ef1c\thi\u1ec7n.\tC\u1ed7\tm\u00e1y\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\t\u0111i\u1ec1u\tkhi\u1ec3n\tb\u1edfi\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tth\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n\tgia\tc\u00f4ng\tt\u1ef1\t\u0111\u1ed9ng\tlinh\tki\u1ec7n\tc\u00f3\t\u0111\u1ed9\tch\u00ednh\tx\u00e1c\tcao\tv\u00e0\th\u00ecnh\td\u1ea1ng\tph\u1ee9c\tt\u1ea1p.\tN\u00f3i\tchung,\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\t\u1ee9ng\td\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng\tr\u00e3i\ttrong\tvi\u1ec7c\t\u0111i\u1ec1u\tkhi\u1ec3n\tqu\u00e1\ttr\u00ecnh\ts\u1ea3n\txu\u1ea5t. Trong\tnghi\u00ean\tc\u1ee9u\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh,\ts\u1ee9c\th\u1ea5p\td\u1eabn\tnh\u1ea5t\tc\u0169ng\tnh\u01b0\tc\u00e1i\tkh\u00f3\tnh\u1ea5t\tl\u00e0\tt\u00ecnh\tc\u1ea3m\tc\u1ee7a\tcon\tng\u01b0\u1eddi,\tt\u1ee9c\tl\u00e0 d\u00f9ng\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tm\u00f4\tph\u1ecfng\th\u00e0nh\tvi,\tsuy\tngh\u0129\tc\u1ee7a\tcon\tng\u01b0\u1eddi,\tv\u00ed\td\u1ee5\tl\u00e0m\tcho\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tc\u00f3\tc\u1ea3m\tgi\u00e1c,\tsuy\tlu\u1eadn, h\u1ecdc\t t\u1eadp\t v\u00e0\t l\u00ed\t gi\u1ea3i...\t nh\u01b0\t con\t ng\u01b0\u1eddi,\t \u0111\u1ec3\t cho\t m\u00e1y\t t\u00ednh\t nghe\t \u00e2m\t thanh,\t nh\u1eadn\t bi\u1ebft\t ch\u1eef,\t bi\u1ebft\t kh\u00e1m\t b\u1ec7nh,\t bi\u1ebft ch\u01a1i\tc\u1edd,\t\u0111\u1ec3\ts\u1ea3n\txu\u1ea5t\tra\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tm\u00e1y\tth\u00f4ng\tminh.\tN\u1ebfu\tc\u00f3\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tm\u00e1y,\tn\u00f3\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tthay\tth\u1ebf\tcon\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tho\u00e0n\tth\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng\tc\u00f4ng\tvi\u1ec7c\ttrong\tm\u00f4i\ttr\u01b0\u1eddng\t\u0111\u1ed9c\th\u1ea1i,\tt\u1ee9c\tl\u00e0\tngay\tc\u1ea3\tc\u00f4ng\tvi\u1ec7c\tth\u01b0\u1eddng\tng\u00e0y,\tn\u00f3\tc\u0169ng\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tl\u00e0m\tch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\t t\u1ed1t\t h\u01a1n\t con\t ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\t C\u00f3\t th\u1ec3\t th\u1ea5y\t t\u00e1c\t d\u1ee5ng\t c\u1ee7a\t m\u00e1y\t t\u00ednh\t kh\u00f4ng\t gi\u1edbi\t h\u1ea1n\t \u1edf\t c\u00f4ng\t vi\u1ec7c\t t\u00ednh\t to\u00e1n,\t n\u00f3\t c\u00f3 li\u00ean\tquan\tm\u1eadt\tthi\u1ebft\tv\u1edbi\tm\u1ecdi\tl\u0129nh\tv\u1ef1c\tkh\u00e1c\ttrong\tcu\u1ed9c\ts\u1ed1ng\tc\u1ee7a\tch\u00fang\tta.","V\u00ec\tsao\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tch\u1ee9ng\tminh\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00ed\ts\u1ed1\th\u1ecdc? H\u01a1n\t 50\t n\u0103m\t tr\u01b0\u1edbc,\t t\u1eeb\t khi\t chi\u1ebfc\t m\u00e1y\t t\u00ednh\t \u0111\u1ea7u\t ti\u00ean\t ra\t \u0111\u1eddi,\t m\u00e1y\t t\u00ednh\t \u0111\u00e3\t tr\u1edf\t th\u00e0nh\t m\u1ed9t\t k\u1ef9\t thu\u1eadt\t ti\u00ean\t ti\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng\tth\u1ec3\tthay\tth\u1ebf\ttrong\tcu\u1ed9c\ts\u1ed1ng,\tc\u00f4ng\tvi\u1ec7c\tc\u1ee7a\tcon\tng\u01b0\u1eddi.\tT\u00ean\tg\u1ecdi\tc\u1ee7a\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tcho\tch\u00fang\tta\tbi\u1ebft,\tm\u00e1y t\u00ednh\tng\u00e0y\ttr\u01b0\u1edbc\tch\u00ednh\tl\u00e0\tm\u1ed9t\tc\u00f4ng\tc\u1ee5\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n,\tn\u00f3\tra\t\u0111\u1eddi\t\u0111\u1ec3\t\u0111\u00e1p\t\u1ee9ng\tnhu\tc\u1ea7u\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tph\u1ee9c\tt\u1ea1p,\tphi\u1ec1n\tph\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a\tnh\u00e2n\tlo\u1ea1i. V\u00ed\td\u1ee5,\t\u201c\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00ed\tb\u1ed1n\tm\u00e0u\u201d\tn\u1ed5i\tti\u1ebfng\tn\u00f3i\tr\u1eb1ng,\tb\u1ea5t\tk\u1ef3\tm\u1ed9t\tb\u1ea3n\t\u0111\u1ed3\tn\u00e0o\tch\u1ec9\tc\u1ea7n\td\u00f9ng\tb\u1ed1n\tm\u00e0u\tkh\u00e1c\tnhau\tl\u00e0 c\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tph\u00e2n\tbi\u1ec7t\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tc\u00e1c\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\tl\u00e1ng\tgi\u1ec1ng.\tTrong\tv\u00f2ng\t124\tn\u0103m,\tv\u00f4\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u00e0\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\t\u0111\u00e3\t\u0111\u1ed5\tbi\u1ebft\tbao\tt\u00e2m s\u1ee9c\t m\u00e0\t v\u1eabn\t ch\u01b0a\t \u0111\u01b0a\t ra\t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\t ch\u1ee9ng\t minh\t ho\u00e0n\t ch\u1ec9nh,\t b\u1edfi\t v\u00ec\t khi\t t\u0103ng\t l\u00ean\t 1,\t 2\t n\u01b0\u1edbc;\t quan\t h\u1ec7\t bi\u00ean\t gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa\tc\u00e1c\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\tkh\u00e1c\tnhau\ttr\u1edf\tn\u00ean\tv\u00f4\tc\u00f9ng\tph\u1ee9c\tt\u1ea1p\tmang\t\u0111\u1ebfn\ts\u1ef1\tkh\u00f3\tkh\u0103n\tr\u1ea5t\tl\u1edbn\tcho\tcon\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\ttrong\tvi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh\t to\u00e1n\t th\u1ee7\t c\u00f4ng.\t Cho\t \u0111\u1ebfn\t n\u0103m\t 1976,\t ch\u00ednh\t m\u00e1y\t t\u00ednh\t \u0111\u00e3\t gi\u00fap\t c\u00e1c\t nh\u00e0\t to\u00e1n\t h\u1ecdc\t gi\u1ea3i\t quy\u1ebft\t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\t v\u1ea5n\t \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng\tminh\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00ed\tn\u00e0y,\tg\u00e2y\tra\tch\u1ea5n\t\u0111\u1ed9ng\ttrong\tgi\u1edbi\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc,\th\u01a1n\tn\u1eefa\tl\u00fac\tb\u1ea5y\tgi\u1edd\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\tba\tchi\u1ebfc\tm\u00e1y t\u00ednh\t c\u1ee1\t si\u00eau\t l\u1edbn\t \u0111\u00e3\t l\u00e0m\t hao\t ph\u00ed\t h\u01a1n\t 1200\t ti\u1ebfng\t \u0111\u1ed3ng\t h\u1ed3;\t n\u1ebfu\t nh\u00e0\t to\u00e1n\t h\u1ecdc\t l\u00fac\t \u0111\u00f3\t d\u00f9ng\t s\u1ee9c\t th\u1ee7\t c\u00f4ng\t \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n\tth\u00e0nh,\tth\u00ec\ts\u1ebd\tkh\u00f4ng\tth\u1ec3\tl\u00e0m\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. D\u00f9ng\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tch\u1ee9ng\tminh\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00ed\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\tc\u00f3\tt\u00ednh\t\u01b0u\tvi\u1ec7t\t\u0111\u1ed9c\t\u0111\u00e1o\tc\u1ee7a\tn\u00f3:\tm\u1ed9t\tl\u00e0\tkh\u00f4ng\ts\u1ee3\tphi\u1ec1n\tph\u1ee9c, s\u1edf\ttr\u01b0\u1eddng\tc\u1ee7a\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tl\u00e0\tti\u1ebfn\th\u00e0nh\tnh\u1eefng\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tph\u1ee9c\tt\u1ea1p\tkh\u1ed1i\tl\u01b0\u1ee3ng\tl\u1edbn,\tgi\u00fap\tnh\u00e0\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\tgi\u1ea3i\ttho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi\tnh\u1eefng\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tphi\u1ec1n\tph\u1ee9c,\thai\tl\u00e0\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tchu\u1ea9n\tx\u00e1c,\tc\u01a1\tb\u1ea3n\tkh\u00f4ng\tc\u00f3\tsai\ts\u00f3t\tg\u00ec.\tV\u00ec\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tl\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c\tv\u1eeba\tnhanh\tv\u1eeba\tt\u1ed1t,\tcho\tn\u00ean\tr\u1ea5t\tnhi\u1ec1u\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\t\u0111\u00e3\tb\u1eaft\t\u0111\u1ea7u\tnghi\u00ean\tc\u1ee9u\tl\u00e0m\tth\u1ebf\tn\u00e0o\t\u0111\u1ec3\td\u00f9ng\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tthay con\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tch\u1ee9ng\tminh\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00ed,\tg\u1ecdi\tl\u00e0\t\u201cm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tch\u1ee9ng\tminh\u201d,\tn\u00f3\t\u0111\u00e3\ttr\u1edf\tth\u00e0nh\tm\u1ed9t\tph\u00e2n\tnh\u00e1nh\tm\u1edbi\tc\u1ee7a\tkhoa h\u1ecdc\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh. Nhi\u1ec1u\tnh\u00e0\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\t\u0111\u00e3\tnhi\u1ec1u\tn\u0103m\td\u1ed3n\ts\u1ee9c\tnghi\u00ean\tc\u1ee9u\tm\u00e1y\tm\u00f3c\tho\u00e1\tch\u1ee9ng\tminh\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00ed.\tTr\u00ean\tc\u01a1\ts\u1edf\th\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc\tgi\u1ea3i\tt\u00edch,\th\u1ecd\ts\u1ebd\t\u0111\u1ea1i\ts\u1ed1\tho\u00e1\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00ed\ttrong\th\u00ecnh\th\u1ecdc\tph\u1eb3ng,\tt\u1eeb\t\u0111\u00f3\t\u0111\u1ec3\tcho\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tth\u1ef1c\thi\u1ec7n\tnhi\u1ec7m\tv\u1ee5\tc\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tr\u00ean\tth\u1ebf\tgi\u1edbi,\tc\u00e1c\tnh\u00e0\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\t\u0111\u00e3\td\u00f9ng\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tt\u00ecm\tra\tgi\u00e1\ttr\u1ecb\ts\u1ed1\tPi\tch\u00ednh\tx\u00e1c\tnh\u1ea5t\tm\u00e0\tm\u1ecdi\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tbi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn\tcho\tt\u1edbi\tng\u00e0y\tnay,\ts\u1ed1\tpi\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tt\u00ednh\tch\u00ednh\tx\u00e1c\t\u0111\u1ebfn\t1073740000\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\tsau\td\u1ea5u\tph\u1ea9y.\tKh\u00f4ng\tc\u00f3\ts\u1ef1\tgi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1\tc\u1ee7a\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh,\tnh\u1eefng\tth\u00e0nh\tt\u00edch\tn\u00e0y\tth\u1eadt\tkh\u00f4ng\tth\u1ec3\t\u0111\u1ea1t\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tin\tr\u1eb1ng\tc\u00f9ng\tv\u1edbi\ts\u1ef1\tt\u0103ng\tl\u00ean\tv\u1ec1\tdung\tl\u01b0\u1ee3ng\tb\u1ed9\tnh\u1edb\tv\u00e0\tt\u1ed1c\t\u0111\u1ed9\tx\u1eed\tl\u00fd\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\ts\u1ebd\tmang\tl\u1ea1i\tnh\u1eefng\t\u0111\u1ed9t\tph\u00e1 m\u1edbi\tcho\tvi\u1ec7c\tch\u1ee9ng\tminh\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00ed.","V\u00ec\tsao\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n Trong\tcu\u1ed9c\ts\u1ed1ng\tth\u01b0\u1eddng\tng\u00e0y,\tch\u00fang\tta\t\u0111\u1ec1u\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n,\ts\u1ed1\tLa\tM\u00e3\tt\u1eeb\t0\t\u0111\u1ebfn\t9.\tTh\u1ebf\tnh\u01b0ng m\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\ttrong\tx\u00e3\th\u1ed9i\ttin\tt\u1ee9c\thi\u1ec7n\t\u0111\u1ea1i\tl\u1ea1i\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\t\u0111\u1ec3\tth\u1ef1c\thi\u1ec7n\tc\u00e1c\tph\u00e9p\tt\u00ednh\ts\u1ed1,\tb\u1ea1n\tc\u00f3\tbi\u1ebft v\u00ec\tsao\tkh\u00f4ng? Ch\u00fang\tta\tbi\u1ebft\tnh\u00e2n\tlo\u1ea1i\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n\tv\u00ec\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tc\u00f3\t10\tng\u00f3n\ttay,\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tgi\u00fap t\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tm\u1ecdi\tph\u00e9p\tt\u00ednh.\tK\u1ef3\tth\u1ef1c,\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\t\u0111\u1ed1i\tv\u1edbi\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tc\u0169ng\tc\u00f3\tngh\u0129a\tnh\u01b0\tv\u1eady.\tCh\u00fang\tta\th\u00e3y\tb\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u\tt\u1eeb\tnguy\u00ean\tl\u00ed\tl\u00e0m\tvi\u1ec7c\tc\u1ee7a\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\ttr\u01b0\u1edbc\tnh\u00e9. T\u00ean\tg\u1ecdi\t\u0111\u1ea7y\t\u0111\u1ee7\tc\u1ee7a\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tl\u00e0\t\u201cm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\t\u0111i\u1ec7n\tt\u1eed\ts\u1ed1\u201d.\tN\u00f3\tkh\u00f4ng\tth\u1ec3\tho\u1ea1t\t\u0111\u1ed9ng\tm\u00e0\tkh\u00f4ng\tc\u00f3\td\u00f2ng\t\u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ed1i\t v\u1edbi\t m\u1ed9t\t \u0111i\u1ec3m\t n\u1ed1i\t tr\u00ean\t m\u1ea1ch\t \u0111i\u1ec7n\t m\u00e0\t n\u00f3i,\t tr\u1ea1ng\t th\u00e1i\t khi\t d\u00f2ng\t \u0111i\u1ec7n\t ch\u1ea1y\t qua\t ch\u1ec9\t c\u00f3\t hai\t lo\u1ea1i:\t ho\u1eb7c\t l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng\t\u0111i\u1ec7n\tho\u1eb7c\tl\u00e0\tng\u1eaft\t\u0111i\u1ec7n,\th\u01a1n\tn\u1eefa,\ttin\tt\u1ee9c\ttr\u00ean\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tth\u00f4ng\tth\u01b0\u1eddng\tl\u01b0u\tgi\u1eef\ttr\u00ean\t\u0111\u0129a\tt\u1eeb,\tb\u1ea5t\tlu\u1eadn\tl\u00e0\t\u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb\tc\u1ee9ng\thay\t\u0111\u00e3\tt\u1eeb\tm\u1ec1m,\tc\u0169ng\tch\u1ec9\tc\u00f3\thai\ttr\u1ea1ng\tth\u00e1i:\tt\u1eeb\tho\u00e1\tv\u00e0\tch\u01b0a\tt\u1eeb\tho\u00e1.\tB\u00e2y\tgi\u1edd\t\u0111\u0129a\tCD\t\u0111\u00e3\td\u00f9ng\tr\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i,\ttr\u1ea1ng\tth\u00e1i\tv\u1eadt\tl\u00ed\tc\u1ee7a\tm\u1ed7i\tm\u1ed9t\t\u0111i\u1ec3m\ttin\tt\u1ee9c\tc\u1ee7a\tn\u00f3\tc\u0169ng\tc\u00f3\thai\tlo\u1ea1i:\tl\u1ed3i\tv\u00e0\tl\u00f5m,\tph\u00e2n\tbi\u1ec7t\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tt\u00e1c\t\u0111\u1ee5ng t\u1eadp\ttrung\t\u00e1nh\ts\u00e1ng\tv\u00e0\tph\u00e2n\tt\u00e1n\t\u00e1nh\ts\u00e1ng. T\u1eeb\t\u0111\u00f3\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tth\u1ea5y,\ttr\u1ea1ng\tth\u00e1i\tbi\u1ec3u\thi\u1ec7n\tc\u1ee7a\tc\u00e1c\tm\u00f4i\ttr\u01b0\u1eddng\tl\u01b0u\tgi\u1eef\tth\u00f4ng\ttin\tm\u00e0\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\t\u0111\u1ec1u\tl\u00e0 hai\tlo\u1ea1i. H\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\tch\u1ec9\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\thai\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u\tc\u01a1\tb\u1ea3n\t:\t0\tv\u00e0\t1.\tC\u00f3\ttheer\td\u00f9ng\t0\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\tng\u1eaft\t\u0111i\u1ec7n,\t1\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb th\u00f4ng\t\u0111i\u1ec7n;\tho\u1eb7c\t0\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\tch\u01b0a\tt\u1eeb\tho\u00e1,\t1\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\tt\u1eeb\tho\u00e1;\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\tt\u00e1n\t\u00e1nh\ts\u00e1ng\t-\t\u0111i\u1ec3m\tl\u1ed3i,\t1\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\tt\u1eadp trung\t\u00e1nh\ts\u00e1ng\t-\t\u0111i\u1ec3m\tl\u00f5m. Xem\tra\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\td\u00f9ng\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\tl\u00e0\tph\u00f9\th\u1ee3p\tnh\u1ea5t.\tNh\u01b0ng\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\tc\u0169ng\tc\u00f3\t\u0111i\u1ec3m\tkh\u00f4ng\t\u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7,\tn\u00f3\tvi\u1ebft\tra\tnh\u1eefng\ts\u1ed1\tr\u1ea5t\td\u00e0i,\tl\u1ea1i\t\u0111\u1ecdc\tkh\u00f3\thi\u1ec3u,\tv\u00ed\td\u1ee5:\tvi\u1ebft\tm\u1ed9t\ts\u1ed1\thai\tch\u1eef\ts\u1ed1\t98\tc\u1ee7a\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n\tth\u00e0nh h\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\tl\u00e0\t1100010,\tc\u00f3\tt\u1edbi\tb\u1ea3y\tch\u1eef\ts\u1ed1.\tSau\t\u0111\u00f3,\t\u0111\u1ec3\tb\u00f4\tsung\ts\u1ef1\tkh\u00f4ng\t\u0111\u1ea7y\t\u0111\u1ee7\tn\u00e0y,\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tta\tl\u1ea1i\tt\u00ecm\tra h\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tb\u00e1t\tph\u00e2n\tv\u00e0\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tl\u1ee5c\tph\u00e2n,\tch\u00fang\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\tnh\u01b0\tnhau\ttrong\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh.","Chuy\u1ec3n\t\u0111\u1ed5i\tnh\u01b0\tth\u1ebf\tn\u00e0o\tgi\u1eefa\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n\tv\u00e0\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n? Trong\t cu\u1ed9c\t s\u1ed1ng\t th\u01b0\u1eddng\t ng\u00e0y,\t ch\u00fang\t ta\t s\u1eed\t d\u1ee5ng\t l\u00e0\t h\u1ec7\t s\u1ed1\t th\u1eadp\t ph\u00e2n,\t m\u00e0\t trong\t m\u00e1y\t t\u00ednh\t \u0111i\u1ec7n\t t\u1eed\t l\u1ea1i\t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n.\tV\u1eady\tth\u00ec,\tgi\u1eefa\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n\tv\u00e0\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\ts\u1ebd\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tchuy\u1ec3n\t\u0111\u1ed5i\tnh\u01b0\tth\u1ebf\tn\u00e0o? (1)\tT\u1eeb\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n\tchuy\u1ec3n\tth\u00e0nh\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\t ph\u00e1p\t chuy\u1ec3n\t t\u1eeb\t h\u1ec7\t s\u1ed1\t th\u1eadp\t ph\u00e2n\t th\u00e0nh\t h\u1ec7\t s\u1ed1\t nh\u1ecb\t ph\u00e2n\t v\u00f4\t c\u00f9ng\t \u0111\u01a1n\t gi\u1ea3n,\t ch\u1ec9\t c\u1ea7n\t b\u1ea1n\t h\u1ecdc\t qua ph\u00e9p\tchia\tl\u00e0\ts\u1ebd\tl\u00e0m\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\tPh\u01b0\u01a1ng\tph\u00e1p\tn\u00e0y\tg\u1ecdi\tl\u00e0\t\u201cli\u00ean\tt\u1ee5c\tchia\t2\tt\u00ecm\ts\u1ed1\td\u01b0\u201d.\tT\u1ee9c\tl\u00e0\tta\tl\u1ea5y\ts\u1ed1\tc\u1ee7a\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1 th\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n\tli\u00ean\tt\u1ee5c\tchia\tcho\t2,\tt\u00ecm\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\ts\u1ed1\td\u01b0,\tcho\t\u0111\u1ebfn\tkhi\tn\u00e0o\ts\u1ed1\tth\u01b0\u01a1ng\tb\u1eb1ng\t0.\tSau\t\u0111\u00f3\tl\u1ea5y\ts\u1ed1\td\u01b0\tc\u1ee7a\tm\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n\tchia\tvi\u1ebft\ttheo\tth\u1ee9\tt\u1ef1\tng\u01b0\u1ee3c\tl\u1ea1i,\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\ts\u1ed1\ttrong\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n. V\u00ed\td\u1ee5\tqu\u00e1\ttr\u00ecnh\tchuy\u1ec3n\ts\u1ed1\t11\ttrong\th\u1eb9\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n\tsang\tth\u00e0nh\ts\u1ed1\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\tl\u00e0\t: 11\t:\t2\t=\t5\td\u01b0\t1 5\t:\t2\t=\t2\td\u01b0\t1 2\t:\t2\t=\t1\td\u01b0\t0 1\t:\t2\t=\t0\td\u01b0\t1 Nh\u01b0\tv\u1eady\ts\u1ed1\t11\ttrong\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tchuy\u1ec3n\tth\u00e0nh\ts\u1ed1\t1011\ttrong\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n.\tNh\u1edb\tr\u1eb1ng\tnh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh\tph\u1ea3i\tli\u1ec7t\tk\u00ea\ts\u1ed1\td\u01b0\tt\u1eeb\tsau\tra\ttr\u01b0\u1edbc!\t\u0110\u1ec3\tvi\u1ebft\tthu\u1eadn\tti\u1ec7n\tch\u00fang\tta\tnh\u1edb\t(11)10\t=\t(1011)2,\ts\u1ed1\tc\u1ee7a\tg\u00f3c\td\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00ean\tph\u1ea3i\td\u1ea5u\tngo\u1eb7c\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tc\u1ee7a\ts\u1ed1\ttrong\td\u1ea5u\tngo\u1eb7c.\tNh\u01b0\tv\u1eady\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\tr\u1ea5t\tr\u00f5\tr\u00e0ng\ts\u1ed1\t11\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1 th\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n\tb\u1eb1ng\tv\u1edbi\t1011\tc\u1ee7a\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n. M\u1eddi\tb\u1ea1n\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tm\u1ed9t\tch\u00fat\t(302)10\t=\t(?)2.\t\u0110\u00e1p\t\u00e1n\tl\u00e0\t100101110. (2)\tT\u1eeb\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\tchuy\u1ec3n\tsang\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n. Khi\tchuy\u1ec3n\ts\u1ed1\tt\u1eeb\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\tth\u00e0nh\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n,\tch\u00fang\tta\tn\u00ean\tph\u00e2n\tt\u00edch\ttr\u01b0\u1edbc\t\u201cquy\u1ec1n\u201d\tc\u1ee7a\tmooic \u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\ttrong\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n.\t\u201cQuy\u1ec1n\u201d\tl\u00e0\tg\u00ec?\tL\u1ea5y\tv\u00ed\td\u1ee5\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n\t2478,2478\t=\t2\tx\t103\t+\t4\tx\t102\t+\t7\tx 101\t+\t8\tx\t1,\tquy\u1ec1n\tc\u1ee7a\tc\u00e1c\ts\u1ed1\ttr\u00ean\tc\u00e1c\th\u00e0ng\ttrong\t\u0111\u00f3\tkh\u00f4ng\tgi\u1ed1ng\tnhau,\tnh\u01b0\t2\t\u1edf\th\u00e0ng\tngh\u00ecn,\tquy\u1ec1n\tl\u00e0\t103, t\u1ee9c\tl\u00e0\t1000;\t4\t\u1edf\th\u00e0ng\ttr\u0103m,\tquy\u1ec1n\tl\u00e0\t102,\tt\u1ee9c\tl\u00e0\t100;\t7\t\u1edf\th\u00e0ng\tch\u1ee5c,\tquy\u1ec1n\tl\u00e0\t101;\t8\t\u1edf\th\u00e0ng\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb,\tquy\u1ec1n l\u00e0\t1.\t\u201cQuy\u1ec1n\u201d\tgi\u1ed1ng\tnh\u01b0\tl\u00e0\tquy\u1ec1n\tl\u1ef1c\tcho\tc\u00e1c\ts\u1ed1\t\u1edf\tc\u00e1c\th\u00e0ng\tkh\u00e1c\tnhau\ttrong\tm\u1ed9t\ts\u1ed1,\tv\u00ed\td\u1ee5\tc\u00f9ng\tl\u00e0\t2,\ttrong s\u1ed1\t22,\tquy\u1ec1n\tc\u1ee7a\t2\ts\u1ed1\t2\tkh\u00e1c\tnhau. Trong\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tphan\tv\u1edbi\tc\u00e1c\ts\u1ed1\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tt\u1ea1o\tn\u00ean\tt\u1eeb\t0\tv\u00e0\t1,\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\tc\u1ee7a\tn\u00f3\tc\u0169ng\tc\u00f3\tquy\u1ec1n,\ttuy\tnhi\u00ean\tquy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\tch\u1ec9\ts\u1ed1\tm\u0169\tm\u1ea5y\tc\u1ee7a\t2,\tv\u00ed\td\u1ee5\ts\u1ed1\t(1010)2\ttrong\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tvi\u1ebft\tth\u00e0nh\ts\u1ed1\ttrong\th\u1ec7 s\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n\tnh\u01b0\tsau\t: (1010)2=\t1\tx\t23\t+\t0\tx\t22\t+\t1\tx\t21\t+\t0\tx\t1\t=\t8\t+\t2\t=\t(10)10 \u1ede\t\u0111\u00e2y\t23\tl\u00e0\tquy\u1ec1n\tc\u1ee7a\ts\u1ed1\t1\tth\u1ee9\tnh\u1ea5t.\tTh\u00f4ng\tth\u01b0\u1eddng,\t1010\tx\u00e9t\tt\u1eeb\tph\u1ea3i\tsang\ttr\u00e1i,\tquy\u1ec1n\tc\u1ee7a\tc\u00e1c\tch\u1eef\ts\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n\tl\u01b0\u1ee3t\tl\u00e0\tm\u0169\tn\tc\u1ee7a\t2,\tnh\u01b0\tquy\u1ec1n\tc\u1ee7a\ts\u1ed1\t0\tth\u1ee9\tnh\u1ea5t\tb\u00ean\tph\u1ea3i\tl\u00e0\t20\t=\t1\t,\tc\u1ee7a\ts\u1ed1\t1\tth\u1ee9\t2\tb\u00ean\tph\u1ea3i\tl\u00e0\t21,\tv\u00e0 c\u1ee9\tth\u1ebf\tsuy\tra. \u00c1p\t d\u1ee5ng\t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\t ph\u00e1p\t chuy\u1ec3n\t h\u1ec7\t s\u1ed1\t nh\u1ecb\t ph\u00e2n\t th\u00e0nh\t h\u1ec7\t s\u1ed1\t th\u1eadp\t ph\u00e2n\t n\u00e0y\t m\u1eddi\t b\u1ea1n\t l\u1ea1i\t th\u1eed\t xem\t x\u00e9t (10101001)2\t=(?)10'\t\t\u0111\u00e1p\t\u00e1n\tl\u00e0\t(169)\t10' S\u1ef1\t chuy\u1ec3n\t \u0111\u1ed5i\t gi\u1eefa\t hai\t h\u1ec7\t s\u1ed1\t r\u1ea5t\t th\u00fa\t v\u1ecb!\t B\u00e2y\t gi\u1edd\t cho\t b\u1ea1n\t m\u1ed9t\t chu\u1ed7i\t c\u00e1c\t s\u1ed1\t 0\t v\u00e0\t 1,\t b\u1ea1n\t ch\u1eafc\t s\u1ebd\t bi\u1ebft ch\u00fang\t\u0111\u1ea1i\tdi\u1ec7n\tbao\tnhi\u00eau\tch\u1ee9?","B\u1ea1n\tc\u00f3\thi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ebf\tn\u00e0o\tl\u00e0\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tb\u00e1t\tph\u00e2n,\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tl\u1ee5c\tph\u00e2n\tkh\u00f4ng? Ch\u00fang\tta\tbi\u1ebft\tc\u00e1c\ts\u1ed1\tth\u01b0\u1eddng\td\u00f9ng\ttrong\tcu\u1ed9c\ts\u1ed1ng\th\u00e0ng\tng\u00e0y\tthu\u1ed9c\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n,\tm\u00e0\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\t\u0111i\u1ec7n\tt\u1eed s\u1ed1\tch\u1ec9\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n.\tTh\u1ebf\tth\u00ec\tc\u00f2n\tc\u00f3\tnh\u1eefng\tlo\u1ea1i\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tn\u00e0o\tth\u01b0\u1eddng\thay\td\u00f9ng\ttrong\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\t\u0111i\u1ec7n\tt\u1eed kh\u00f4ng?\t\u0110\u00f3\tch\u00ednh\tl\u00e0\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tb\u00e1t\tph\u00e2n\tv\u00e0 Trong\th\u1ec7\tb\u00e1t\tph\u00e2n,\tch\u1ec9\tc\u00f3\tt\u00e1m\ts\u1ed1\tt\u1eeb\t0\t\u0111\u1ebfn\t7,\tph\u01b0\u01a1ng\tph\u00e1p\tghi\ts\u1ed1\tc\u1ee7a\tn\u00f3\tl\u00e0\t\u201cg\u1eb7p\t8\tti\u1ebfn\t1\u201d,\tth\u1ebf\tth\u00ec\tquy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a\t c\u00e1c\t \u0111\u01a1n\t v\u1ecb\t s\u1ed1\t c\u0169ng\t l\u00e0\t h\u00ecnh\t th\u1ee9c\t s\u1ed1\t m\u0169\t c\u1ee7a\t 8.\t Khi\t bi\u1ec3u\t th\u1ecb\t s\u1ed1\t h\u1ec7\t b\u00e1t\t ph\u00e2n,\t d\u00f9ng\t h\u00ecnh\t th\u1ee9c\t nh\u01b0\t sau, (17)8.\tV\u00ed\td\u1ee5,\t\u0111\u1ec3\tph\u00e2n\tbi\u1ec7t\ts\u1ed1\t17\tn\u00e0y\tkh\u00f4ng\tph\u1ea3i\tl\u00e0\t17\tc\u1ee7a\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n.\tTh\u1ebf\tth\u00ec,\t(17)8\ttrong\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp ph\u00e2n\tl\u00e0\tbao\tnhi\u00eau?\t17\tc\u1ee7a\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tb\u00e1t\tph\u00e2n\tb\u1eb1ng\tv\u1edbi\t1\tx\t8\t+7\t=(15)\t10'\tb\u1ea1n\txem,\tn\u1ebfu\tkh\u00f4ng\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u\tr\u00f5\tr\u00e0ng, ch\u1eafc\tch\u1eafn\ts\u1ebd\tsai\ts\u00f3t. Trong\ts\u1ed1\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tl\u1ee5c\tph\u00e2n,\tngo\u00e0i\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\t10\tch\u1eef\ts\u1ed1\tt\u1eeb\t0\t\u0111\u1ebfn\t9\tc\u1ee7a\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n,\tc\u00f2n\tph\u1ea3i\tth\u00eam s\u00e1u\tch\u1eef\tc\u00e1i\tA,\tB,\tC,\tD,\tE,\tF.\tPh\u01b0\u01a1ng\tph\u00e1p\tghi\ts\u1ed1\tc\u1ee7a\tn\u00f3\tl\u00e0\t\u201cg\u1eb7p\t16\tti\u1ebfn\t1\u201d,\tv\u1eady\tth\u00ec\t\u0111\u1ebfn\t16\ttrong\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp l\u1ef1c\tph\u00e2n\ts\u1ebd\tl\u00e0\t(10)16.\tQuy\u1ec1n\tc\u1ee7a\tc\u00e1c\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\ts\u1ed1\tl\u00e0\th\u00ecnh\tth\u1ee9c\ts\u1ed1\tm\u0169\tc\u1ee7a\t16.\tB\u1ea1n\tc\u00f3\tbi\u1ebft\t(3AF6)16\ttrong\th\u1ec7 s\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tl\u1ee5c\tph\u00e2n\tl\u00e0\ts\u1ed1\tg\u00ec\tc\u1ee7a\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n\tkh\u00f4ng?\tCh\u00fang\tta\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tm\u1ed9t\tch\u00fat: (3AF6)16\t=\t3\tx\t163\t+\t10\tx\t162\t+\t15\tx\t16\t+\t6\tx\t1\t=\t15094, A\t\u1edf\t\u0111\u00e2y\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\t10\ttrong\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n,\tF\tth\u00ec\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\t15. S\u1ed1\t h\u1ec7\t s\u1ed1\t b\u00e1t\t ph\u00e2n\t v\u00e0\t s\u1ed1\t h\u1ec7\t s\u1ed1\t th\u1eadp\t l\u1ee5c\t ph\u00e2n\t ch\u00fang\t ta\t \u0111\u1ec1u\t kh\u00f4ng\t th\u1ec3\t m\u1ed9t\t l\u00fac\t nh\u00ecn\t ra\t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\t n\u00f3\t l\u00e0\t bao nhi\u00eau\tc\u1ee7a\ts\u1ed1\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n,\tcho\tn\u00ean\tc\u00f3\tkhi\tc\u1ea7n\tti\u1ebfn\th\u00e0nh\tchuy\u1ec3n\t\u0111\u1ed5i\tch\u1ebf\t\u0111\u1ed9\ts\u1ed1\tb\u1eaft\tbu\u1ed9c.\tPh\u01b0\u01a1ng\tph\u00e1p l\u1ea5y\ts\u1ed1\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tb\u00e1t\tph\u00e2n,\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tl\u1ee5c\tph\u00e2n\tchuy\u1ec3n\tth\u00e0nh\ts\u1ed1\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n,\t\u0111\u00e3\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tgi\u1edbi\tthi\u1ec7u\t\u1edf\ttr\u00ean.\tTh\u1ebf th\u00ec\t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c\t l\u1ea1i,\t l\u00e0m\t th\u1ebf\t n\u00e0o\t chuy\u1ec3n\t t\u1eeb\t s\u1ed1\t h\u1ec7\t s\u1ed1\t th\u1eadp\t ph\u00e2n\t th\u00e0nh\t s\u1ed1\t h\u1ec7\t s\u1ed1\t b\u00e1t\t ph\u00e2n\t ho\u1eb7c\t th\u1eadp\t l\u1ee5c\t ph\u00e2n? Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\tph\u00e1p\tgi\u1ed1ng\tv\u1edbi\t\u201cph\u00e9p\tchia\t2\tli\u00ean\tt\u1ee5c\tt\u00ecm\td\u01b0\u201d\tchuy\u1ec3n\tt\u1eeb\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n\tth\u00e0nh\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n,\tch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n\tchuy\u1ec3n\tth\u00e0nh\t\u201cph\u00e9p\tchia\t8\tli\u00ean\tt\u1ee5c\tt\u00ecm\td\u01b0\u201d\tv\u00e0\t\u201cph\u00e9p\tchia\t16\tli\u00ean\tt\u1ee5c\tt\u00ecm\td\u01b0\u201d\tl\u00e0\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\tV\u00ed\td\u1ee5\t(259)10\t= (403)8,\t(2686)10\t=\t(A7E)16Trong\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\t\u0111\u1ec1u\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tnh\u1eadp\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tb\u00e1t\tph\u00e2n\tv\u00e0\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tl\u1ee5c\tph\u00e2n\tl\u00e0\t\u0111\u1ec3\tb\u00f9 cho\tnh\u1eefng\t\u0111i\u1ec3m\tthi\u1ebfu\ts\u00f3t\tc\u1ee7a\ts\u1ed1\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n,\tc\u0169ng\tmay\tl\u00e0\tba\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\ts\u1ed1\tc\u1ee7a\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\tv\u1eeba\tv\u1eb7n\tghi th\u00e0nh\tm\u1ed9t\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\ts\u1ed1\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tb\u00e1t\tph\u00e2n,\tnh\u01b0\tv\u1eady,\t\u0111\u1ed9\td\u00e0i\tc\u1ee7a\ts\u1ed1\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\ts\u1ebd\tr\u00fat\tng\u1eafn\t\u0111i\t1\/3.\tM\u1ed9t\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\ts\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tl\u1ee5c\tph\u00e2n\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\t\u0111\u1ea1i\tdi\u1ec7n\tcho\tb\u1ed1n\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\ts\u1ed1\tc\u1ee7a\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n,\tnh\u01b0\tv\u1eady,\ts\u1ed1\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\ts\u1ebd c\u00e0ng\tth\u00eam\t\u201cg\u1ecdn\tnh\u1ecf\ts\u1eafc\tb\u00e9n\u201d,\ttinh\tx\u1ea3o\th\u01a1n\tso\tv\u1edbi\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tth\u1eadp\tph\u00e2n.","M\u00e3\tASCII\tl\u00e0\tg\u00ec? B\u1ea1n\t\u0111\u00e3\tnghe\tn\u00f3i\t\u0111\u1ebfn\tm\u00e3\tASCII\tch\u01b0a?\tn\u00f3\tl\u00e0\tm\u1ed9t\tlo\u1ea1i\tm\u00e3\ttrao\t\u0111\u1ed5i\tth\u00f4ng\ttin\tti\u00eau\tchu\u1ea9n\tqu\u1ed1c\tt\u1ebf,\tASCII\tl\u00e0 c\u00e1ch\t vi\u1ebft\t t\u1eaft\t ch\u1eef\t \u0111\u1ea7u\t c\u1ee7a\t t\u00ean\t ti\u1ebfng\t Anh\t (American\t Standard\t Code\t for\t Information\t Interchange).\t Lo\u1ea1i\t m\u00e3 n\u00e0y\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tU\u1ef7\tban\tti\u00eau\tchu\u1ea9n\ttrao\t\u0111\u1ed5i\tth\u00f4ng\ttin\tM\u1ef9\t\u0111\u01b0a\tv\u00e0o\ts\u1eed\t\u0111\u1ee5ng\t\u0111\u1ea7u\tti\u00ean,\tsau\t\u0111\u00f3\tn\u00f3\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\tr\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i\tv\u00e0\t\u0111\u00e3\tph\u00e1t\ttri\u1ec3n\tth\u00e0nh\tm\u1ed9t\tlo\u1ea1i\tm\u00e3\tti\u00eau\tchu\u1ea9n\tqu\u1ed1c\tt\u1ebf\ttrong\tng\u00e0nh\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tv\u00e0\tth\u00f4ng\ttin\ts\u1ed1. M\u00e3\tASCII\td\u00f9ng\tl\u00e0m\tg\u00ec?\tN\u00f3\tchuy\u00ean\td\u00f9ng\tcho\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u.\tK\u00fd\tt\u1ef1\tv\u00e0\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u\tl\u00e0\tm\u1ed9t\tb\u1ed9\tph\u1eadn\tl\u1edbn\ttrong s\u1ed1\tli\u1ec7u\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tl\u01b0u\tgi\u1eef\tv\u00e0\tx\u1eed\tl\u00ed,\tnh\u1ea5t\tl\u00e0\ttrong\th\u1ec7\tth\u1ed1ng\tl\u00e0m\tvi\u1ec7c\tt\u1ef1\t\u0111\u1ed9ng\tho\u00e1,\tc\u00f3\tl\u00fac\tch\u00fang\tta\tc\u1ea7n nh\u1eadp\t c\u00e1c\t t\u00e0i\t li\u1ec7u\t h\u1ed3\t s\u01a1\t nh\u01b0\t t\u00ean,\t tu\u1ed5i\t ngh\u1ec1\t nghi\u1ec7p...,\t ph\u1ea3i\t \u0111\u00e1nh\t s\u1ed1,\t ph\u00e2n\t lo\u1ea1i;\t ph\u1ea3i\t l\u00e0m\t bi\u1ec3u\t l\u01b0\u01a1ng\t v.v.., nh\u1eefng\tc\u00e1i\tn\u00e0y\tph\u1ea3i\td\u00f9ng\tc\u00e1c\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u\tkh\u00f4ng\ts\u1ed1,\tv\u1eady\ts\u1ebd\tth\u1ec3\thi\u1ec7n\ttrong\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tnh\u01b0\tth\u1ebf\tn\u00e0o?\tV\u00ed\td\u1ee5,\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u ch\u1eef\tc\u00e1i\tti\u1ebfng\tAnh:\tA,\tB,\tC....,\tZ;\ta,\tb,\tc,...y,\tz;\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u\tchuy\u00ean\td\u00f9ng:\t$\t@\t,\t#,\t+,\t-\t,\t\/,\t=,\u201d...v.v... Nh\u1eefng\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u\tn\u00e0y\tkh\u00f4ng\tth\u1ec3\ttr\u1ef1c\tti\u1ebfp\tnh\u1eadp\tv\u00e0o\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\ttr\u01b0\u1edbc\tti\u00ean\tph\u1ea3i\tm\u00e3\tho\u00e1\tcho\tch\u00fang,\tsau khi\tchuy\u1ec3n\tsang\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\t(c\u0169ng\tg\u1ecdi\tl\u00e0\ts\u1ed1\tho\u00e1)\tm\u1edbi\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tx\u1eed\tl\u00ed\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c,\tm\u00e3\tASCII\tch\u00ednh\tl\u00e0\tm\u1ed9t\ttrong nh\u1eefng\tph\u01b0\u01a1ng\tph\u00e1p\t\u0111\u1ec3\tth\u1ef1c\thi\u1ec7n\tvi\u1ec7c\tm\u00e3\tho\u00e1\tn\u00e0y. M\u00e3\tASCII\td\u00f9ng\t7\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\ttrong\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\tm\u1ed9t\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u,\tl\u1ea1i\tth\u00eam\tm\u1ed9t\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\tg\u1ecdi\tl\u00e0\ts\u1ed1\thi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7m\t(s\u1ed5\tth\u00f4ng\ttin\tki\u1ec3m\ttra\tsai\ts\u00f3t)\tnh\u01b0\tv\u1eady\tth\u00e0nh\t8\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb,\tm\u00e0\ttrong\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tm\u1ed9t\tbyte\tch\u00ednh\tl\u00e0\t8\t\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb,\tcho\tn\u00ean,\tm\u00e3\tASCII\tv\u00f4\tc\u00f9ng\tc\u00f3\tl\u1ee3i\tcho\tvi\u1ec7c\tx\u1eed\tl\u00ed\tv\u00e0\ttruy\u1ec1n\tt\u1ea3i\tth\u00f4ng\ttin\tc\u1ee7a\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh. Trong\tr\u1ea5t\tnhi\u1ec1u\ts\u00e1ch\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh,\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tta\t\u0111\u1ec1u\tcung\tc\u1ea5p\tb\u1ea3ng\tm\u00e3\tASCII,\tv\u00ed\td\u1ee5\tm\u00e3\tASCII\tc\u1ee7a\tk\u00fd\tt\u1ef1\tA\tl\u00e0 1000001,\tm\u00e3\tASCII\tc\u1ee7a\tk\u00fd\tt\u1ef1\t6\tl\u00e0\t010110,\tm\u00e3\tASCII\tc\u1ee7a\tk\u00fd\tt\u1ef1\t10\tl\u00e0\t0101011,\tm\u00e3\tASCII\tc\u1ee7a\tk\u00fd\tt\u1ef1\t#\tl\u00e0 0100011. C\u00f3\tm\u00e3\tASCII\tr\u1ed3i,\tth\u00ec\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tchuy\u1ec3n\t\u0111\u1ed5i\tk\u00fd\tt\u1ef1\tv\u00e0\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u\tth\u00e0nh\ts\u1ed1\tli\u1ec7u\tk\u00fd\tt\u1ef1\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n;\tm\u00e0\tm\u00e3\tBCD c\u00f3\t th\u1ec3\t chuy\u1ec3n\t \u0111\u1ed5i\t s\u1ed1\t h\u1ec7\t s\u1ed1\t th\u1eadp\t ph\u00e2n\t d\u00f9ng\t trong\t t\u00ednh\t to\u00e1n\t th\u00e0nh\t s\u1ed1\t li\u1ec7u\t s\u1ed1\t h\u1ec7\t s\u1ed1\t nh\u1ecb\t ph\u00e2n.\t Nh\u01b0\t v\u1eady,\t qua m\u1ed9t\ts\u1ed1\ttr\u00ecnh\tt\u1ef1\td\u1ecbch\t\u0111\u1eb7c\tth\u00f9,\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\t\u0111\u1ecdc\thi\u1ec3u\tng\u00f4n\tng\u1eef\tc\u1ee7a\tch\u00fang\tta,\tti\u1ebfn\th\u00e0nh\tc\u00e1c\tb\u01b0\u1edbc\tc\u00f4ng\tvi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp\ttheo.","T\u1ea1i\tsao\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tb\u1ecb\t\u201ctr\u00e0n\u201d\td\u1eef\tli\u1ec7u\ttrong\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n? Ch\u00fang\tta\t\u0111\u1ec1u\tbi\u1ebft\t\u201ctr\u00e0n\u201d\tl\u00e0\th\u00ecnh\tdung\tt\u1eeb\tth\td\u00f9ng\t\u0111\u1ec3\th\u00ecnh\tdung\tch\u1ea5t\tl\u1ecfng\ttrong\tv\u1eadt\tch\u1ee9a\tb\u1ecb\tch\u1ea3y\tra\tngo\u00e0i khi\t\u0111\u1ea7y,\tv\u00ed\td\u1ee5\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\ttrong\tc\u1ed1c\t\u0111\u1ed5\t\u0111\u1ea7y\tqu\u00e1,\ts\u1ebd\tb\u1ecb\tch\u1ea3y\ttr\u00e0n\tra\tngo\u00e0i\tqua\tth\u00e0nh\tc\u1ed1c.\tTrong\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh,\tc\u0169ng\tc\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n\t\u201ctr\u00e0n\u201d\tnh\u01b0\tv\u1eady,\tn\u00f3\tch\u1ec9\ts\u1ef1\t\u201ctr\u00e0n\u201d\td\u1eef\tli\u1ec7u\ttrong\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n.\tV\u1eady\tt\u1ea1i\tsao\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tl\u1ea1i\tb\u1ecb\ttr\u00e0n? Th\u00ec\tra,\tph\u1ea1m\tvi\ts\u1ed1\tm\u00e0\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\tl\u00e0\tc\u00f3\th\u1ea1n.\tN\u1ebfu\ts\u1ed1\tqu\u00e1\tto\tho\u1eb7c\tqu\u00e1\tnh\u1ecf\tv\u01b0\u1ee3t\tqu\u00e1\tph\u1ea1m\tvi bi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\tn\u00e0y,\tth\u00ec\tg\u1ecdi\tl\u00e0\ttr\u00e0n\td\u1eef\tli\u1ec7u.\tThi\u1ebft\tb\u1ecb\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tgi\u1ed1ng\tnh\u01b0\tc\u00e1i\tc\u1ed1c,\ts\u1ed1\tgi\u1ed1ng\tnh\u01b0\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\ttrong\tc\u1ed1c,\tkhi s\u1ed1\tcho\tv\u00e0o\ttrong\tc\u1ed1c\tkh\u00f4ng\tch\u1ee9a\th\u1ebft,\tn\u00f3\ts\u1ebd\tch\u1ea3y\tra\tm\u1ed9t\tph\u1ea7n.\tPh\u1ea7n\tb\u1ecb\tch\u1ea3y\tra\ts\u1ebd\tb\u1ecb\tm\u1ea5t\t\u0111i\tkhi\u1ebfn\tk\u1ebft\tqu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tkh\u00f4ng\tch\u00ednh\tx\u00e1c,\tt\u1eeb\t\u0111\u00f3\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\t\u1ea3nh\th\u01b0\u1edfng\t\u0111\u1ebfn\tc\u00e1c\tqu\u00e1\ttr\u00ecnh\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tsau,\tv\u1ea5n\t\u0111\u1ec1\ts\u1ebd\ttr\u1edf\tn\u00ean\tnghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng,\tkh\u00f4ng\t\u0111\u01a1n\tgi\u1ea3n\tnh\u01b0\tchuy\u1ec7n\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\tch\u1ea3y\tra\tt\u1eeb\tc\u1ed1c.\tV\u00ec\tv\u1eady\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tkhi\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tnh\u1ea5t\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tph\u1ea3i\ttr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3\ttr\u00e0n\td\u1eef\tli\u1ec7u. V\u00ed\td\u1ee5\tm\u1ed9t\tthi\u1ebft\tb\u1ecb\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tc\u00f3\tdung\tl\u01b0\u1ee3ng\tch\u1ec9\t8\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb,\tm\u1ed9t\ts\u1ed1\tthu\u1ed9c\th\u1ec7\ts\u1ed1\tnh\u1ecb\tph\u00e2n\tc\u00f3\t8\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb,\tm\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tl\u00e0\t0\tho\u1eb7c\t1;\ttrong\tkhi\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\tb\u00ean\ttr\u00e1i\tnh\u1ea5t\tl\u00e0\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u,\tt\u1ee9c\tl\u00e0\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u V\u1eady\tth\u00ec\tgi\u00e1\ttr\u1ecb\tl\u1edbn\tnh\u1ea5t\tc\u1ee7a\ts\u1ed1\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\tb\u1eb1ng\tb\u1ea9y\tv\u1ecb\ttr\u00ed\tc\u00f2n\tl\u1ea1i\tl\u00e0\t2\tx\t2\tx\t2\tx\t2\tx\t2\tx\t2\tx\t2\t=\t27.\tL\u1ea1i xem\tx\u00e9t\t\u0111\u1ebfn\tv\u1ea5n\t\u0111\u1ec1\t\u00e2m\thay\td\u01b0\u01a1ng\tc\u1ee7a\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u,\tta\ts\u1ebd\tc\u00f3\tph\u1ea1m\tvi\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\ts\u1ed1\tc\u1ee7a\tthi\u1ebft\tb\u1ecb\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\t8 \u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\tn\u00e0y\ts\u1ebd\tl\u00e0\t-27\t\u0111\u1ebfn\t27\t-\t1,\tt\u1ee9c\tl\u00e0\tt\u1eeb\t-128\t\u0111\u1ebfn\t127. Khi\tk\u1ebft\tqu\u1ea3\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tv\u01b0\u1ee3t\tqu\u00e1\tph\u1ea1m\tvi\tn\u00e0y,\thi\u1ec7n\tt\u01b0\u1ee3ng\ttr\u00e0n\td\u1eef\tli\u1ec7u\ts\u1ebd\tx\u1ea3y\tra,\tv\u00ed\td\u1ee5\ts\u1ed1\t129\ttrong\tm\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\tl\u00e0\t1000001,\tm\u00e0\ts\u1ed1\t1\tc\u1ee7a\tv\u1ecb\ttr\u00ed\tb\u00ean\ttr\u00e1i\tnh\u1ea5t\tl\u00e0\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u,\t1\tch\u1ec9\ts\u1ed1\t\u00e2m,\tv\u1eady\tl\u00e0\ts\u1ed1\tn\u00e0y\ts\u1ebd l\u00e0\t-1,\tch\u1ee9\tkh\u00f4ng\tph\u1ea3i\tl\u00e0\t129,\tb\u1ea1n\txem,\tkho\u1ea3ng\tc\u00e1ch\tsai\ts\u1ed1\tqu\u00e1\tl\u1edbn! Theo\ts\u1ef1\tph\u00e1t\ttri\u1ec3n\tc\u1ee7a\tkhoa\th\u1ecdc\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh,\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tng\u00e0y\tn\u00e0y\t\u0111\u1ec1u\tl\u00e0\t16\tho\u1eb7c\t32\tb\u00edt,\tph\u1ea1m\tvi\tbi\u1ec3u\tth\u1ecb\ts\u1ed1 n\u00e2ng\tc\u1ea5t\tl\u1edbn\tt\u1eeb\t\u0111\u00f3\t\u0111\u1ea3m\tb\u1ea3o\tcho\tc\u00e1c\tph\u00e9p\tto\u00e1n\tth\u00f4ng\tth\u01b0\u1eddng\tkh\u00f4ng\tx\u1ea3y\tra\ts\u1ef1\tc\u1ed1\ttr\u00e0n\td\u1eef\tli\u1ec7u. Nh\u01b0ng,\tn\u1ebfu\tx\u1ea3y\tra\ts\u1ef1\tc\u1ed1\ttr\u00e0n\td\u1eef\tli\u1ec7u\tth\u00ec\tn\u00ean\tl\u00e0m\tth\u1ebf\tn\u00e0o?\tTr\u01b0\u1edbc\tti\u00ean\ty\u00eau\tc\u1ea7u\tng\u1eebng\tm\u00e1y,\tsau\t\u0111\u00f3\tki\u1ec3m tra\t\u0111\u1ec3\tt\u00ecm\tra\tnguy\u00ean\tnh\u00e2n\tb\u1ecb\ttr\u00e0n\tra.\tKhi\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n,\tnh\u1ea5t\tl\u00e0\tkhi\tc\u1ed9ng\thai\ts\u1ed1\tc\u00f9ng\t\u00e2m\tho\u1eb7c\tc\u00f9ng\tl\u00e0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng,\tph\u1ea3i\tph\u00e1n\t\u0111o\u00e1n\tk\u1ebft\tqu\u1ea3\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tc\u00f3\tph\u1ea3i\tg\u00e2y\tra\ts\u1ef1\tc\u1ed1\ttr\u00e0n\td\u1eef\tli\u1ec7u,\tn\u1ebfu\tph\u00e1t\thi\u1ec7n\td\u1eef\tli\u1ec7u\tb\u1ecb\ttr\u00e0n, ph\u1ea3i\tx\u1eed\tl\u00ed\tm\u1edbi\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\t\u0111\u1ea3m\tb\u1ea3o\tt\u00ednh\tch\u00ednh\tx\u00e1c\tc\u1ee7a\tqu\u00e1\ttr\u00ecnh\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tti\u1ebfp\ttheo. B\u1edfi\tv\u1eady,\tch\u00fang\tta\tkhi\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh,\tc\u1ea7n\t\u0111\u1ecdc\ttr\u01b0\u1edbc\tth\u00f4ng\ttin\tv\u1ec1\tm\u00e1y,\txem\txem\tph\u1ea1m\tvi\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tc\u1ee7a n\u00f3\tl\u00e0\tbao\tnhi\u00eau\tb\u00edt,\t\u0111\u1ec3\ttr\u00e1nh\ttrong\tkhi\tt\u00ednh\tto\u00e1n\tn\u1ea3y\tsinh\ts\u1ef1\tc\u1ed1\ttr\u00e0n\td\u1eef\tli\u1ec7u.","C\u00e0i\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\tv\u00e0\tgi\u1ea3i\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\tl\u00e0\tth\u1ebf\tn\u00e0o? Theo\ts\u1ef1\tph\u00e1t\ttri\u1ec3n\tv\u00e0\tph\u1ed5\tc\u1eadp\tc\u1ee7a\tkhoa\th\u1ecdc\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh,\tv\u0103n\tki\u1ec7n,\th\u1ed9p\tth\u01b0\t\u0111i\u1ec7n\tt\u1eed,\tm\u1ea1ng\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh...\tnh\u1eefng th\u1ee9\tc\u1ea7n\t\u0111\u1ebfn\tc\u00e0i\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\tv\u00e0\tgi\u1ea3i\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\tc\u00e0ng\tng\u00e0y\tc\u00e0ng\tnhi\u1ec1u. N\u00f3i\t \u0111\u1ebfn\t m\u1eadt\t m\u00e3,\t b\u1ea1n\t c\u00f3\t l\u1ebd\t c\u0169ng\t ngh\u0129\t \u0111\u1ebfn\t \u00e1m\t hi\u1ec7u\t \u0111\u1eb7c\t v\u1ee5\t s\u1eed\t d\u1ee5ng\t trong\t phim\t \u0111i\u1ec7n\t \u1ea3nh!\t \u0110\u00fang\t v\u1eady,\t \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh\tl\u00e0\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\tm\u00e0\tch\u00fang\tta\t\u0111\u00e3\ts\u1edbm\tbi\u1ebft\t\u0111\u1ebfn.\tM\u00e0\tng\u00e0y\tnay,\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\t\u0111\u00e3\tth\u00e2m\tnh\u1eadp\tv\u00e0o\tcu\u1ed9c\ts\u1ed1ng\tth\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y\tc\u1ee7a\tch\u00fang\tta,\tc\u0169ng\tkh\u00f4ng\tc\u00f2n\tl\u00e0\tth\u1ee9\tb\u00ed\tm\u1eadt\tg\u00ec\tn\u1eefa.\tV\u00ed\td\u1ee5,\tt\u00e0i\tkho\u1ea3n\ttrong\tng\u00e2n\th\u00e0ng\tc\u1ee7a\tb\u1ea1n\tc\u00f3\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3 ch\u1ee9,\tc\u00f3\tl\u1ebd\tb\u1ea1n\tc\u00f2n\tc\u00f3\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\tc\u1ee7a\tva\tli\th\u00e0nh\tl\u00ed,\tho\u1eb7c\th\u1ed9p\tb\u00fat\tch\u00ec,\tv\u1edf\tghi\tch\u00e9p,\ttrong\t\u0111\u01a1n\tv\u1ecb\tth\u01b0\u1eddng\tc\u00f3\tk\u00e9t s\u1eaft,\tkh\u00f4ng\tc\u00f3\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\tc\u00f3\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tkh\u00f4ng?\tM\u00e0\tn\u1ed1i\tm\u1ea1ng\tc\u00e0ng\tc\u1ea7n\td\u00f9ng\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\t\u0111\u1ec3\tb\u1ea3o\tv\u1ec7\tt\u1ed1t,\t\u0111\u1ec3\ttr\u00e1nh\ts\u1ef1\tc\u00f4ng k\u00edch\tc\u1ee7a\thacker\t(tin\tt\u1eb7c,\tk\u1ebb\tchuy\u00ean\t\u0111\u1ed9t\tnh\u1eadp\tv\u00e0o\tm\u00e1y\tt\u00ednh\tc\u1ee7a\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tkh\u00e1c\tl\u00e0m\tnh\u1eefng\tvi\u1ec7c\tphi\tph\u00e1p).\t\u0110\u1ebfn nay,\tcon\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\t\u0111\u00e3\th\u00ecnh\tth\u00e0nh\tm\u1ed9t\tm\u00f4n\tkhoa\th\u1ecdc\tm\u1edbi\tg\u1ecdi\tl\u00e0\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\th\u1ecdc. M\u1ee5c\t\u0111\u00edch\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\tl\u00e0\tb\u1ea3o\tv\u1ec7\ttin\tt\u1ee9c\tc\u1ee7a\tch\u00fang\tt\u1ea1\tkh\u00f4ng\t\u0111\u1ec3\tk\u1ebb\tkh\u00e1c\tl\u1ea5y\tc\u1eafp\t\u0111i\tm\u1ed9t\tc\u00e1ch\tphi\tph\u00e1p. Nguy\u00ean\t t\u1eafc\t c\u00e0i\t m\u1eadt\t m\u00e3\t l\u00e0\t chuy\u1ec3n\t ho\u00e1n\t tin\t t\u1ee9c\t c\u00f3\t th\u1ec3\t \u0111\u1ecdc\t hi\u1ec3u\t th\u00e0nh\t nh\u1eefng\t tin\t t\u1ee9c\t nh\u00ecn\t th\u00ec\t th\u1ea5y\t r\u1ed1i\t lo\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng\thi\u1ec3u.\tQu\u00e1\ttr\u00ecnh\tgi\u1ea3i\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\tng\u01b0\u1ee3c\tl\u1ea1i\tv\u1edbi\tc\u00e0i\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3,\tth\u00f4ng\tth\u01b0\u1eddng\tm\u00e0\tn\u00f3i,\thai\tb\u00ean\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1u\tc\u00f3\tm\u1ed9t\tquy\u1ec3n\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\tho\u1eb7c\tt\u1eeb\t\u0111i\u1ec3n,\th\u1ecd\td\u1ef1a\ttheo\tph\u01b0\u01a1ng\tph\u00e1p\t\u01b0\u1edbc\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\t\u0111\u1ec3\tti\u1ebfn\th\u00e0nh\tm\u00e3\tho\u00e1\tv\u00e0\tgi\u1ea3i\tm\u00e3. Trong\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\th\u1ecdc\tg\u1ecdi\tquy\tt\u1eafc\tbi\u1ebfn\t\u0111\u1ed5i\tn\u00e0y\tl\u00e0\tkho\u00e1\tm\u00e3,\tch\u00ednh\tl\u00e0\tgi\u1ed1ng\tnh\u01b0\tch\u00eca\tkho\u00e1\tm\u1edf\tkho\u00e1,\tkh\u00f4ng\tc\u00f3 ch\u00eca\tkho\u00e1\tm\u00e3\tth\u00ec\tkh\u00f4ng\tth\u1ec3\tgi\u1ea3i\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ed\td\u1ee5,\t\u0111\u1ec3\tb\u1ea3o\tm\u1eadt\t\u0111i\u1ec7n\tv\u0103n,\tph\u1ea3i\td\u1ef1a\tv\u00e0o\tquy\tlu\u1eadt\tnh\u1ea5t\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\t\u0111\u1ec3\tchuy\u1ec3n\tn\u00f3\tth\u00e0nh\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3,\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tnh\u1eadn\tb\u00e1o l\u1ea1i\t theo\t quy\t lu\u1eadt\t \u01b0\u1edbc\t \u0111\u1ecbnh\t \u0111\u1ec3\t d\u1ecbch\t n\u00f3\t th\u00e0nh\t nguy\u00ean\t b\u1ea3n.\t Quy\t t\u1eafc\t chuy\u1ec3n\t \u0111\u1ed5i\t nh\u01b0\t sau:\t chuy\u1ec3n\t ch\u1eef\t c\u00e1i\t A th\u00e0nh\t ch\u1eef\t c\u00e1i\t E,\t a\t th\u00e0nh\t e,\t t\u1ee9c\t l\u00e0\t bi\u1ebfn\t th\u00e0nh\t ch\u1eef\t c\u00e1i\t th\u1ee9\t t\u01b0\t sau\t n\u00f3,\t W\t th\u00e0nh\t A,\t X\t th\u00e0nh\t B,\t Y\t th\u00e0nh\t C,\t Z th\u00e0nh\t D.\t Ch\u1eef\t c\u00e1i\t chuy\u1ec3n\t \u0111\u1ed5i\t theo\t quy\t lu\u1eadt\t n\u00f3i\t tr\u00ean,\t k\u00fd\t hi\u1ec7u\t kh\u00f4ng\t ph\u1ea3i\t ch\u1eef\t c\u00e1i\t th\u00ec\t kh\u00f4ng\t \u0111\u1ed5i.\t L\u00fac\t n\u00e0y \u201cChina!\u201d\tbi\u1ebfn\tth\u00e0nh\t\u201cGlmre!'\tm\u00e0\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tnh\u1eadn\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tm\u1eadt\tv\u0103n\t\u201cGlmre!\u201d\tc\u1ea7n\td\u00f9ng\tng\u01b0\u1ee3c\tl\u1ea1i\tquy\tt\u1eafc\tm\u00e3\tho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3\t gi\u1ea3i\t m\u00e3,\t l\u1ea5y\t m\u1ed7i\t m\u1ed9t\t ch\u1eef\t c\u00e1i\t bi\u1ebfn\t th\u00e0nh\t ch\u1eef\t c\u00e1i\t th\u1ee9\t t\u01b0\t tr\u01b0\u1edbc\t n\u00f3,\t m\u1edbi\t c\u00f3\t th\u1ec3\t nh\u1eadn\t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\t v\u0103n\t b\u1ea3n\t th\u1eadt \u201cChina!\u201d.\t Kho\u00e1\t m\u00e3\t \u1edf\t \u0111\u00e2y\t -\t v\u00e0\t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\t ph\u00e1p\t th\u00eam\t m\u1eadt\t m\u00e3\t ch\u1ec9\t c\u00f3\t th\u1ec3\t l\u00e0\t hai\t ng\u01b0\u1eddi\t \u0111\u01b0a\t nh\u1eadn\t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\t bi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng\tth\u1ec3\tc\u00f4ng\tkhai. B\u01b0\u1edbc\tv\u00e0o\tx\u00e3\th\u1ed9i\ttin\tt\u1ee9c,\t\u0111\u1ec3\tb\u1ea3o\tv\u1ec7\tan\tto\u00e0n\ts\u1ed1\tli\u1ec7u\tth\u00f4ng\ttin,\tnh\u01b0\ttin\tt\u1ee9c\tc\u1ee7a\t\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\td\u00e2y\t\u0111i\u1ec7n\ttho\u1ea1i,\ts\u00f3ng si\u00eau\t\u00e2m,\ts\u1ed1\tli\u1ec7u\tv\u1ec7\ttinh\tv.v...\t,\tm\u1eadt\tm\u00e3\tl\u00e0\tbi\u1ec7n\tph\u00e1p\tr\u1ea5t\th\u1eefu\td\u1ee5ng","V\u00ec\tsao\tc\u1ea7n\th\u1ecdc\tt\u1ed1t\ts\u1ed1\th\u1ecdc? B\u1eaft\t\u0111\u1ea7u\tt\u1eeb\tkhi\tch\u00fang\tta\tv\u00e0o\tl\u1edbp\tm\u1ed9t\tti\u1ec3u\th\u1ecdc,\tcho\t\u0111\u1ebfn\tl\u1edbp\t12\ttrung\th\u1ecdc,\ttrong\tth\u1eddi\tgian\t12\tn\u0103m,\th\u00e0ng n\u0103m\t \u0111\u1ec1u\t ph\u1ea3i\t h\u1ecdc\t to\u00e1n\t h\u1ecdc.\t Trong\t gi\u00e1o\t tr\u00ecnh\t ti\u1ec3u\t h\u1ecdc\t v\u00e0\t ph\u1ed5\t th\u00f4ng\t c\u01a1\t s\u1edf,\t to\u00e1n\t h\u1ecdc,\t ng\u1eef\t v\u0103n,\t ngo\u1ea1i\t ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tg\u1ecdi\tl\u00e0\tba\tm\u00f4n\tch\u00ednh,\tc\u00e1c\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\ttr\u00ean\tth\u1ebf\tgi\u1edbi\t\u0111\u1ec1u\tnh\u01b0\tv\u1eady.\tKh\u00f4ng\tbi\u1ebft\tb\u1ea1n\t\u0111\u00e3\tngh\u0129\t\u0111\u1ebfn\tv\u00ec\tsao\tph\u1ea3i\th\u1ecdc to\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\tch\u01b0a,\tm\u00e0\tc\u00f2n\tph\u1ea3i\th\u1ecdc\tt\u1ed1t\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\tn\u1eefa? \u0110i\u1ec1u\tn\u00e0y\tch\u1ee7\ty\u1ebfu\tc\u00f3\t3\tnguy\u00ean\tnh\u00e2n: Th\u1ee9\tnh\u1ea5t,\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\tc\u0169ng\tgi\u1ed1ng\tnh\u01b0\tng\u1eef\tv\u0103n,\tngo\u1ea1i\tng\u1eef,\tl\u00e0\tm\u1ed9t\tlo\u1ea1i\tng\u00f4n\tng\u1eef,\tn\u00f3\tl\u00e0\tng\u00f4n\tng\u1eef\tc\u1ee7a\tkhoa h\u1ecdc.\tN\u00f3\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\tc\u00e1c\tlo\u1ea1i\tc\u00f4ng\tc\u1ee5\tnh\u01b0\tch\u1eef\ts\u1ed1,\tk\u00fd\thi\u1ec7u,\tc\u00f4ng\tth\u1ee9c,\th\u00ecnh\tt\u01b0\u1ee3ng,\tkh\u00e1i\tni\u1ec7m,\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00ed\tv..v..,\tbi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t\tgi\u1ea3n\tl\u01b0\u1ee3c\tm\u00e0\tch\u00ednh\tx\u00e1c\tquan\th\u1ec7\tgi\u1eefa\tv\u1ea1n\tv\u1eadt\ttr\u00ean\tth\u1ebf\tgi\u1edbi,\tquan\th\u1ec7\tv\u1ecb\ttr\u00ed\ttrong\tkh\u00f4ng\tgian,\t\u0111\u1ed1i\tv\u1edbi\tvi\u1ec7c nh\u00e2n\tlo\u1ea1i\tnh\u1eadn\tth\u1ee9c\tth\u1ebf\tgi\u1edbi.\tKh\u00f4ng\thi\u1ec3u\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc,\tch\u00ednh\tl\u00e0\tkh\u00f4ng\tth\u1ec3\tl\u00ed\tgi\u1ea3i\tkhoa\th\u1ecdc. Th\u1ee9\t hai,\t To\u00e1n\t h\u1ecdc\t gi\u00fap\t b\u1ed3i\t d\u01b0\u1ee1ng\t t\u01b0\t duy\t l\u00ed\t t\u00ednh,\t n\u1ebfu\t n\u00f3i\t ng\u1eef\t v\u0103n\t c\u00f3\t th\u1ec3\t d\u00f9ng\t \u0111\u1ec3\t bi\u1ec3u\t th\u1ecb\t t\u00ecnh\t c\u1ea3m, nguy\u1ec7n\tv\u1ecdng,\t\u00fd\tch\u00ed,\tth\u00ec\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\tch\u1ee7\ty\u1ebfu\td\u00f9ng\t\u0111\u1ec3\tti\u1ebfn\th\u00e0nh\tt\u01b0\tduy\tl\u00ed\tt\u00ednh\tnh\u01b0\tkh\u00e1i\tqu\u00e1t,\ttr\u1eebu\tt\u01b0\u1ee3ng,\tsuy\tl\u00ed ...To\u00e1n\t h\u1ecdc\t nghi\u00eam\t kh\u1eafc\t ch\u00ednh\t x\u00e1c,\t tr\u01b0\u1edbc\t nay\t kh\u00f4ng\t h\u00e0m\t h\u1ed3,\t \u0111\u1ed1i\t v\u1edbi\t vi\u1ec7c\t gi\u00e1o\t d\u1ee5c\t kh\u1ea3\t n\u0103ng\t t\u01b0\t duy\t cho con\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tl\u00e0\tkh\u00f4ng\tth\u1ec3\tthi\u1ebfu\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u1ee9\tba,\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\txu\u1ea5t\thi\u1ec7n\t\u1edf\tm\u1ecdi\tl\u0129nh\tv\u1ef1c,\tnh\u1ecf\tth\u00ec\tmua\t\u0111\u1ed3\ttr\u00ean\tph\u1ed1,\tl\u1edbn\tth\u00ec\tt\u1ebft\tk\u1ebf\tm\u00e1y\tbay\tt\u00ean\tl\u1eeda,\t\u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n\tv\u1eadn\th\u00e0nh\tv\u1ec7\ttinh,\tt\u1ea5t\tc\u1ea3\t\u0111\u1ec1u\tkh\u00f4ng\tth\u1ec3\tt\u00e1ch\tr\u1eddi\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\tH\u01a1n\tn\u1eefa,\ts\u1ef1\tcao\tth\u1ea5p\tv\u1ec1\ttr\u00ecnh\t\u0111\u1ed9\tto\u00e1n h\u1ecdc\tc\u1ee7a\tm\u1ed9t\tqu\u1ed1c\tgia,\tph\u1ea3n\t\u00e1nh\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tqu\u1ed1c\tgia\t\u0111\u00f3\tc\u00f3\tc\u01b0\u1eddng\tth\u1ecbnh\thay\tkh\u00f4ng. To\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\tl\u00e0\tkhoa\th\u1ecdc\tnghi\u00ean\tc\u1ee9u\tv\u1ec1\ts\u1ed1\tv\u00e0\th\u00ecnh,\tph\u00e0m\tnh\u1eefng\tv\u1eadt\tc\u00f3\t\u201cs\u1ed1\tl\u01b0\u1ee3ng\tto\tnh\u1ecf\u201d\tv\u00e0\t\u201ch\u00ecnh\td\u00e1ng\tv\u1ecb tr\u00ed\u201d\t \u0111\u1ec1u\t kh\u00f4ng\t t\u00e1ch\t r\u1eddi\t v\u1edbi\t tri\t th\u1ee9c\t to\u00e1n\t h\u1ecdc.\t To\u00e1n\t h\u1ecdc\t c\u00e0ng\t h\u1ecdc\t c\u00e0ng\t th\u00edch\t n\u00f3,\t \u0111\u1eebng\t s\u1ee3\t to\u00e1n\t h\u1ecdc,\t c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng\tth\u1ebf\tgh\u00e9t\tn\u00f3,\tch\u1ec9\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tch\u1eafc\tch\u1eafn\t\u0111i\tt\u1eebng\tb\u01b0\u1edbc\tch\u0103m\tch\u1ec9\th\u1ecdc\tt\u1eadp\tt\u1ed1t\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc,\tm\u1edbi\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tgi\u00fap\tb\u1ea1n l\u00e0m\tch\u1ee7\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\ttri\tth\u1ee9c\tkhoa\th\u1ecdc.","T\u1ea1i\tsao\tkhi\td\u00f2ng\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\tch\u1ea3y\tg\u1ee3n\ts\u00f3ng\tl\u1ea1i\tkh\u00f4ng\tb\u1ecb\tbi\u1ebfn\td\u1ea1ng? Ch\u1eafc\tch\u1eafn\tb\u1ea1n\tkh\u00f4ng\tch\u1ec9\tquan\ts\u00e1t\tc\u00f3\tm\u1ed9t\tl\u1ea7n\thi\u1ec7n\tt\u01b0\u1ee3ng\tkhi\tch\u00fang\tta\tn\u00e9m\tm\u1ed9t\tvi\u00ean\t\u0111\u00e1\txu\u1ed1ng\tm\u1eb7t\tn\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0129nh\tl\u1eb7ng\tth\u1ea5y\tn\u1ed5i\tl\u00ean\tnh\u1eefng\tg\u1ee3n\ts\u00f3ng\th\u00ecnh\ttr\u00f2n.\tV\u00ec\tsao\tl\u1ea1i\tsinh\tra\tnh\u1eefng\tg\u1ee3n\ts\u00f3ng\t\u0111\u00f3?\tB\u1edfi\tv\u00ec\tsau\tkhi\tm\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc\tb\u1ecb\th\u00f2n\t\u0111\u00e1\tn\u00e9m\txu\u1ed1ng\ts\u00f3ng\tt\u1ea1o\tra\ts\u1ebd\tt\u1eeb\t\u0111i\u1ec3m\tn\u00e0y\tph\u00e1t\ttri\u1ec3n\tv\u1ec1\t4\tph\u00eda\tv\u1edbi\tc\u00f9ng\tm\u1ed9t\tv\u1eadn\tt\u1ed1c\tv\u00ec\tth\u1ebf\ttrong nh\u00e1y\tm\u1eaft\tkho\u1ea3ng\tc\u00e1ch\tt\u1eeb\tc\u00e1c\t\u0111i\u1ec3m\ts\u00f3ng\t\u0111\u1ebfn\tn\u01a1i\ts\u00f3ng\tph\u00e1t\tsinh\tl\u00e0\tb\u1eb1ng\tnhau\tv\u00e0\tc\u00e1c\t\u0111i\u1ec3m\tn\u00e0y\tl\u1ea1i\tn\u1eb1m\ttr\u00ean c\u00f9ng\tm\u1ed9t\t\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\ttr\u00f2n\tn\u00ean\ts\u1ebd\tg\u00e2y\tra\tg\u1ee3n\ts\u00f3ng\ttr\u00f2n. Hi\u1ec7n\tt\u01b0\u1ee3ng\tn\u00e0y\tx\u1ea3y\tra\tkhi\tm\u1eb7t\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\ty\u00ean\tt\u0129nh.\tV\u1eady\tkhi\td\u00f2ng\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\tchuy\u1ec3n\t\u0111\u1ed9ng\tth\u00ec\thi\u1ec7n\tt\u01b0\u1ee3ng\tn\u00e0y\ts\u1ebd\tthay \u0111\u1ed5i\tnh\u01b0\tth\u1ebf\tn\u00e0o.\t\u1ede\tnh\u1eefng\td\u00f2ng\ts\u00f4ng\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\tch\u1ea3y\txi\u1ebft\ts\u00f3ng\tt\u1ea1o\tra\tt\u1eeb\tnh\u1eefng\th\u00f2n\t\u0111\u00e1\tn\u00e9\u1ed1ng\tn\u01b0\u1edbc,\thi\u1ec7n\tt\u01b0\u1ee3ng khuy\u1ebfch\tt\u00e1n\tt\u1ee9\tph\u00eda\tv\u1eabn\tl\u00e0\th\u00ecnh\ttr\u00f2n,\tk\u00e9o\tra\tv\u00f4\tt\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu\tnh\u01b0\tb\u1ea1n\tch\u01b0a\tt\u1eebng\tquan\ts\u00e1t\tk\u0129\tm\u00e0\tch\u1ec9\tl\u00e0\tsuy\t\u0111o\u00e1n\tb\u1ea1n\tc\u0169ng\tc\u00f3\tth\u1ec3\tnh\u1eadn\tra\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\ts\u1ef1\tph\u00e1t\ttri\u1ec3n\tc\u1ee7a g\u1ee3n\ts\u00f3ng.\t\u1ede\tnh\u1eefng\tn\u01a1i\tc\u00f9ng\th\u01b0\u1edbng\tv\u1edbi\td\u00f2ng\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\ts\u1ebd\tnhanh\th\u01a1n\tnh\u1eefng\tn\u01a1i\tng\u01b0\u1ee3c\td\u00f2ng\tv\u00e0\t\u1edf\thai\tb\u00ean.\tNh\u01b0 v\u1eady\tc\u00e1c\t\u0111i\u1ec3m\tc\u1ee7a\tg\u1ee3n\ts\u00f3ng\t\u1edf\ttr\u00ean\tb\u1ec1\tm\u1eb7t\tgi\u1ed1ng\tnh\u01b0\tnh\u01b0\tm\u1ed9t\ts\u1ee3i\td\u00e2y\t\u0111\u00e0n\tn\u1ed1i\tk\u00edn\tc\u1ee9\tv\u01b0\u01a1n\td\u00e0i\tra\tm\u00e3i,\ttrong b\u1ea5t\tc\u1ee9\ttr\u01b0\u1eddng\th\u1ee3p\tn\u00e0o\tn\u00f3\tc\u0169ng\tkh\u00f4ng\tph\u1ea3i\th\u00ecnh\ttr\u00f2n\tph\u1eb3ng. Tuy\tnhi\u00ean,\tth\u1ef1c\tt\u1ebf\tl\u1ea1i\tkh\u00f4ng\tph\u1ea3i\tnh\u01b0\tv\u1eady.\tKhi\tb\u1ea1n\tn\u00e9m\tm\u1ed9t\th\u00f2n\t\u0111\u00e1\txu\u1ed1ng\tm\u1eb7t\th\u1ed3\ty\u00ean\tl\u1eb7ng\tv\u00e0\tnh\u00ecn\tth\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t\t hi\u1ec7n\t g\u1ee3n\t s\u00f3ng\t tr\u00f2n\t th\u00ec\t khi\t b\u1ea1n\t n\u00e9m\t m\u1ed9t\t h\u00f2n\t \u0111\u00e1\t xu\u1ed1ng\t d\u00f2ng\t s\u00f4ng\t ch\u1ea3y\t si\u1ebft\t b\u1ea1n\t c\u0169ng\t th\u1ea5y\t hi\u1ec7n\t t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng\tt\u1ef1.\tT\u1ea1i\tsao\tl\u1ea1i\tnh\u01b0\tv\u1eady? Nh\u01b0\tv\u1eady\td\u00f2ng\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\tch\u1ea3y\tc\u00f3\t\u1ea3nh\th\u01b0\u1edfng\tg\u00ec\t\u0111\u1ebfn\ts\u1ef1\tbi\u1ebfn\t\u0111\u1ed5i\tc\u1ee7a\tg\u1ee3n\ts\u00f3ng\ttr\u00f2n?\tD\u00f2ng\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\tch\u1ea3y\t\u0111\u00e3\tt\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng\tl\u00ean\tc\u00e1c\t\u0111i\u1ec3m\ttr\u00ean\tg\u1ee3n\ts\u00f3ng\ttheo\th\u01b0\u1edbng\tm\u0169i\tt\u00ean\tv\u00e0\ts\u1ef1\tchuy\u1ec3n\t\u0111\u1ed9ng\tc\u1ee7a\tc\u00e1c\t\u0111i\u1ec3m\t\u0111\u00f3\t\u0111\u1ec1u\ttheo\th\u01b0\u1edbng song\tsong\tv\u1edbi\tnhau\tv\u00e0\tt\u1ed1c\t\u0111\u1ed9\tb\u1eb1ng\tnhau,\tdi\tchuy\u1ec3n\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tnh\u1eefng\tkho\u1ea3ng\tc\u00e1ch\tb\u1eb1ng\tnhau.\tKhi\tc\u00e1c\t\u0111i\u1ec3m\t\u1edf tr\u1ea1ng\tth\u00e1i\tchuy\u1ec3n\t\u0111\u1ed9ng\tsong\tsong\tth\u00ec\tn\u00f3\ts\u1ebd\tkh\u00f4ng\tthay\t\u0111\u1ed5i\th\u00ecnh\td\u1ea1ng\tban\t\u0111\u1ea7u,\th\u00ecnh\tt\u1ee9\tgi\u00e1c\t1234\tban\t\u0111\u1ea7u\tkhi di\tchuy\u1ec3n\t\u0111\u1ebfn\tv\u1ecb\ttr\u00ed\tm\u1edbi\t\u0111\u00e3\tchuy\u1ec3n\tth\u00e0nh\th\u00ecnh\tt\u1ee9\tgi\u00e1c\t1'2'3'4'.\t4\tc\u1ea1nh\tc\u1ee7a\th\u00ecnh\tt\u1ee9\tgi\u00e1c\tn\u00e0y\tv\u00e0\t4\tc\u1ea1nh\tc\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh\tt\u1ee9\tgi\u00e1c\tban\t\u0111\u1ea7u\tho\u00e0n\tto\u00e0n\tb\u1eb1ng\tnhau.\tGi\u1ea3\ts\u1eed\ttr\u00ean\t\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\ttr\u00f2n\t\u0111\u00f3\tl\u1ea5y\tnhi\u1ec1u\th\u01a1n\t4\t\u0111i\u1ec3m\tth\u00ec\t\u1edf\tv\u1ecb\ttr\u00ed\tm\u1edbi ch\u00fang\tta\tc\u0169ng\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tm\u1ed9t\th\u00ecnh\t\u0111a\tgi\u00e1c\tc\u00f3\ts\u1ed1\t\u0111\u1ec9nh\tt\u01b0\u01a1ng\t\u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng.\tN\u1ebfu\tnh\u01b0\t\u0111\u00f3\tl\u00e0\tm\u1ed9t\t\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\ttr\u00f2n\tth\u00ec\tsau\tkhi chuy\u1ec3n\t\u0111\u1ed9ng\tsong\tsong\th\u00ecnh\tm\u00e0\tch\u00fang\tta\tthu\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tc\u0169ng\tl\u00e0\tm\u1ed9t\th\u00ecnh\ttr\u00f2n. B\u1edfi\tv\u1eady\tkhi\td\u00f2ng\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\tchuy\u1ec3n\t\u0111\u1ed9ng,\tnh\u1eefng\tg\u1ee3n\ts\u00f3ng\th\u00ecnh\ttr\u00f2n\tdo\th\u00f2n\t\u0111\u00e1\tn\u00e9m\tt\u1ea1o\tra\tc\u00f9ng\tv\u1edbi\tt\u00e2m\tc\u1ee7a n\u00f3\ts\u1ebd\tch\u1ea3y\tv\u1ec1\th\u1ea1\tl\u01b0u\tv\u1edbi\tv\u1eadn\tt\u1ed1c\tc\u1ee7a\td\u00f2ng\tn\u01b0\u1edbc\tv\u00e0\tv\u1eabn\tgi\u1eef\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\th\u00ecnh\td\u1ea1ng\ttr\u00f2n\tc\u1ee7a\tn\u00f3","\u201cNg\u1eafn\t3,\td\u00e0i\t4,\thuy\u1ec1n\t5\u201d\tc\u00f3\tngh\u0129a\tl\u00e0\tg\u00ec? Khi\tch\u00fang\tta\th\u1ecdc\th\u00ecnh\th\u1ecdc\tph\u1eb3ng\tc\u00f3\tm\u1ed9t\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00fd\tr\u1ea5t\tth\u00fa\tv\u1ecb\tv\u1ec1\tc\u00e1c\tc\u1ea1nh\ttrong\ttam\tgi\u00e1c\tvu\u00f4ng,\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00fd\tn\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\ts\u1eed\td\u1ee5ng\tr\u1ea5t\tr\u1ed9ng\tr\u00e3i\tcho\tn\u00ean\th\u1ea7u\tnh\u01b0\tnh\u1eefng\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\t\u0111\u00e3\th\u1ecdc\tqua\tm\u00f4n\tto\u00e1n\t\u0111\u1ec1u\tbi\u1ebft\tv\u1ec1\tn\u00f3. \u0110\u1ecbnh\tl\u00fd\tn\u00e0y\tc\u00f3\tn\u1ed9i\tdung\tnh\u01b0\tsau:\ttrong\tm\u1ed9t\ttam\tgi\u00e1c\tvu\u00f4ng,\tt\u1ed5ng\tb\u00ecnh\tph\u01b0\u01a1ng\thai\tc\u1ea1nh\tg\u00f3c\tvu\u00f4ng\tb\u1eb1ng b\u00ecnh\tph\u01b0\u01a1ng\tc\u1ee7a\tc\u1ea1nh\thuy\u1ec1n.\tB\u00e2y\tgi\u1edd\tta\tg\u1ecdi\ttam\tgi\u00e1c\tABC\tl\u00e0\tm\u1ed9t\ttam\tgi\u00e1c\tvu\u00f4ng,\ttrong\t\u0111\u00f3\tg\u00f3c\tB\tl\u00e0\tg\u00f3c vu\u00f4ng\t(90\t\u0111\u1ed9),\ttheo\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00fd\tn\u00e0y\tta\tc\u00f3\tAB2\t+\tBC2\t=\tAC2. \u0110\u1ecbnh\tl\u00fd\tn\u00e0y\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tghi\tl\u1ea1i\ttrong\tcu\u1ed1n\ts\u00e1ch\tn\u1ed5i\tti\u1ebfng\t\u201cChu\tB\u1ec5\tTo\u00e1n\tKinh\u201d\t-\tcu\u1ed1n\ts\u00e1ch\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\t\u0111\u1ea7u\tti\u00ean hi\u1ec7n\t v\u1eabn\t c\u00f2n\t t\u1ed3n\t t\u1ea1i\t c\u1ee7a\t Trung\t Qu\u1ed1c,\t khi\t \u0111\u00f3\t l\u00e0\t v\u00e0o\t kho\u1ea3ng\t th\u1ebf\t k\u1ef7\t 12\t tr\u01b0\u1edbc\t c\u00f4ng\t nguy\u00ean,\t s\u00e1ch\t c\u00f3\t ghi\t l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng\tl\u1eddi\tn\u00f3i\tchuy\u1ec7n\tgi\u1eefa\tChu\tC\u00f4ng\tv\u00e0\tTh\u01b0\u01a1ng\tCao,\ttrong\tl\u1eddi\t\u0111\u00e1p\tc\u1ee7a\tTh\u01b0\u01a1ng\tCao\tc\u00f3\tm\u1ed9t\tc\u00e2u\tl\u00e0\t\u201ccho n\u00ean\t khi\t g\u1eadp\t th\u01b0\u1edbc,\t l\u1ea5y\t c\u1ea1nh\t vu\u00f4ng\t ng\u1eafn\t l\u00e0\t 3,\t c\u1ea1nh\t vu\u00f4ng\t d\u00e0i\t l\u00e0\t 4,\t c\u1ea1nh\t huy\u1ec1n\t l\u00e0\t 5\u201d.\t Sau\t \u0111\u00f3\t c\u00e2u\t n\u00f3i\t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\tn\u00f3i\tg\u1ecdn\tl\u1ea1i\tl\u00e0\t\u201cng\u1eafn\t3,\td\u00e0i\t4,\thuy\u1ec1n\t5\u201d.\tNg\u1eafn\tv\u00e0\td\u00e0i\t\u1edf\t\u0111\u00e2y\tl\u00e0\tch\u1ec9\thai\tc\u1ea1nh\tg\u00f3c\tvu\u00f4ng\tc\u1ee7a\th\u00ecnh\ttam gi\u00e1c\tvu\u00f4ng,\tc\u00f2n\thuy\u1ec1n\tl\u00e0\tch\u1ec9\tc\u1ea1nh\thuy\u1ec1n\tc\u1ee7a\tn\u00f3.\tKhi\t\u0111\u1ed9\td\u00e0i\t2\tc\u1ea1nh\tg\u00f3c\tvu\u00f4ng\tl\u1ea7n\tl\u01b0\u1ee3t\tl\u00e0\t3\tv\u00e0\t4,\t\u0111\u1ed9\td\u00e0i c\u1ee7a\tc\u1ea1nh\thuy\u1ec1n\tl\u00e0\t5\tth\u00ec\ts\u1ebd\tc\u00f3\t32\t+\t42\t=\t52. \u1ede\tph\u01b0\u01a1ng\tT\u00e2y,\tng\u01b0\u1eddi\tta\tg\u1ecdi\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00fd\tn\u00e0y\tl\u00e0\t\u201c\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00fd\tPitagores\u201d.\tS\u1edf\td\u0129\tnh\u01b0\tv\u1eady\tl\u00e0\tv\u00ec\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00fd\tn\u00e0y\tdo\tm\u1ed9t nh\u00e0\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\tHy\tL\u1ea1p\tc\u1ed5\tc\u00f3\tt\u00ean\tPitagores\tph\u00e1t\thi\u1ec7n\traho\u1ea3ng\t500\tn\u0103m\ttr\u01b0\u1edbc\tc\u00f4ng\tnguy\u00ean.\tTh\u1ef1c\tra,\ttr\u01b0\u1edbc\t\u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t\tl\u00e2u,\tc\u00e1c\tnh\u00e0\tto\u00e1n\th\u1ecdc\tTrung\tQu\u1ed1c\t\u0111\u00e3\tph\u00e1t\thi\u1ec7n\tra\t\u0111\u1ecbnh\tl\u00fd\tn\u00e0y."]