10 vạn câu hỏi vì sao - Trái đất-min

["\\\"Chu\u1ed3n chu\u1ed3n bay th\u1ea5p tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a, bay cao tr\u1eddi n\u1eafng...\\\", \\\"Ki\u1ebfn b\u00f2 l\u00ean v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng l\u00e0 s\u1eafp m\u01b0a b\u00e3o l\u1edbn\\\". Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00fa \u00fd quan s\u00e1t h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft. V\u00ec sao tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng? Th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd, n\u00f3 k\u00e8m theo s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 quang h\u1ecdc, \u00e2m thanh, s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1c quan c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y s\u1ea3n sinh ra sinh l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u00edch \u1ee9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, qua bao phen ch\u00ecm n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m gay g\u1eaft c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu lo\u00e0i n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng th\u00ec b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0o th\u1ea3i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n n\u00ean c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1c quan n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n. Cho n\u00ean sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i l\u1ee3i, tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1i h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1c quan c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1c quan n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 \u0111i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e1 s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1ch gi\u00e1c quan \u1edf hai b\u00ean m\u00ecnh, lo\u00e0i chim bay trong kh\u00f4ng trung cho n\u00ean \u1edf chi ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi rung \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00f2n lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u00fang, cho n\u00ean d\u00f9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1c quan n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 sau c\u0169ng tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a d\u1ea7n \u0111i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 c\u01a1 quan c\u1ea3m th\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y v\u1edbi s\u00f3ng \u00e2m t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. C\u00f3 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ed7ng tr\u00e0ng th\u1ee7y m\u1eabu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1n gi\u00f3 l\u1ed1c t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng xa \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn. Gi\u00f3 l\u1ed1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, n\u00f3 ma s\u00e1t v\u1edbi s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n, ph\u00e1t sinh ra s\u00f3ng \u00e2m thanh th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, h\u00f2a l\u1eabn v\u00e0o \u00e2m thanh th\u00e9t g\u00e0o c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng. S\u00f3ng \u00e2m thanh th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t n\u00e0y lan truy\u1ec1n nhanh h\u01a1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1n l\u1ed1c, n\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o b\u00faa \u0111\u00e1 nh\u1ecf trong tai lo\u00e0i h\u1ed7ng tr\u00e0ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y k\u00edch th\u00edch l\u00ean c\u01a1 quan c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c, khi\u1ebfn cho lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt n\u00e0y nhanh ch\u00f3ng r\u1eddi xa b\u1edd \u0111i v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb s\u00f3ng va \u0111\u1eadp. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i h\u1ed7ng tr\u00e0ng ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp c\u00f3 c\u01a1n l\u1ed1c \u00e1p th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 c\u01a1 quan c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt. Th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c v\u1ec1 m\u00f9a h\u00e8 l\u00e0 s\u1eafp c\u00f3 c\u01a1n gi\u00f4ng. R\u1eafn l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt. Trong m\u00e1 lo\u00e0i r\u1eafn c\u00f3 c\u01a1 quan c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd k\u00edch th\u00edch r\u1eafn b\u00f2 ra ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Cho n\u00ean khi c\u00f3 r\u1eafn b\u00f2 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u s\u1eafp c\u00f3 c\u01a1n gi\u00f4ng. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f3i quen trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u00e1i l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00ea, c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn. Cho n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1edf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n nhu c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i th\u1edf b\u1eb1ng da. Mu\u1ed1n th\u1edf b\u1eb1ng da th\u00ec da ph\u1ea3i \u01b0\u1edbt nh\u00e8m \u0111\u1ec3 oxi c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tan v\u00e0o ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c da, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u00e1u. N\u1ebfu da b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 th\u00ec nh\u00e1i th\u1edf r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, cho n\u00ean nh\u00e1i r\u1ea5t s\u1ee3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4 T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","r\u00e1o. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00e1 \u1ea9m, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho th\u1edf da, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3c nh\u00e1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i h\u01a1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u00fang k\u00eau to. Cho n\u00ean ng\u1ea1n ng\u1eef n\u00f3i: \\\"C\u00f3c nh\u00e1i ra hang l\u00e0 tr\u1eddi s\u1eafp m\u01b0a\\\". C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 c\u01a1n l\u1ed1c, h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t chim bi\u1ec3n \u0111ua nhau bay v\u00e0o b\u1edd. Ch\u00fang bay \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed7 l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean boong t\u00e0u, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec gi\u00f3 l\u1ed1c \u0111ang th\u1ed5i t\u1eeb ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0o, ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i chim c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Cho n\u00ean chim bi\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t b\u00e1o cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft gi\u00f3 l\u1ed1c s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh v\u1eadt r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Khi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0103ng l\u00ean hay gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u01b0a gi\u00f3, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng khi\u1ebfn cho oxi tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1, ch\u1ea1ch, v.v. \u1ede trong n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 oxi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1edf, ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed5i l\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1edf. Cho n\u00ean c\u00e2u n\u00f3i: \\\"C\u00e1 nh\u1ea3y l\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 s\u1eafp c\u00f3 m\u01b0a\\\", \\\"Ch\u1ea1ch tr\u1ed3i l\u00ean l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 s\u1eafp m\u01b0a to\\\". Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u ng\u1ea1n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u00fd c\u1ea3. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bi\u1ebft th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0y cao minh h\u01a1n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt tuy r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: H\u00e0nh vi kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. 88. V\u00ec sao ng\u00e0nh kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng? S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng cao hay th\u1ea5p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thi\u00ean tai th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, n\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p m\u01b0a v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea1nh \u1ea5m v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 to b\u00e3o l\u1edbn, m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i th\u00ec n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9a. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c \u00edt qu\u00e1, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 cao ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, ho\u1eb7c m\u01b0a li\u00ean mi\u00ean, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 b\u00e3o, m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u00ec n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ea5t thu. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u00ean tai c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, th\u1eddi gian c\u00e0ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ecb c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng th\u00ec s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. V\u1eady l\u00e0m sao c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu ho\u1ea1ch l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c? Mu\u1ed1n th\u1ebf c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o gi\u1eefa m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. C\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o n\u00e0y th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u00e1nh n\u1eafng, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, v.v. trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu ho\u1ea1ch. Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y do c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a huy\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. H\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9t xu\u1ea5t g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t cho n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 nh\u01b0: gieo gi\u1ed1ng, r\u1eafc m\u1ea1, l\u00faa ba l\u00e1, l\u00faa con g\u00e1i, l\u00faa \u0111\u1ebb, tr\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f2ng, l\u00faa tr\u1ed5, ng\u1eadm s\u1eefa, l\u00faa ch\u00edn, v.v. Ng\u00e0nh kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9nh l\u00fd, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu ho\u1ea1ch. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u0103m 1988 Ph\u00f2ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p S\u1edf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","l\u00faa m\u1ea1ch ba th\u00e1ng, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 267 kg\/m\u1eabu, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t 257 kg, sai s\u1ed1 3,9%, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00faa s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ea1t 404 kg\/m\u1eabu, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t 386 kg, sai s\u1ed1 4,0%, l\u00faa mu\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ea1t 363,8 kg\/m\u1eabu, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t 369 kg, sai s\u1ed1 1,4%, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00faa m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1t 479 kg\/m\u1eabu, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t 471 kg, sai s\u1ed1 11,7%. M\u1ea5y n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, cho n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u1ee7y ban c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p r\u1ea5t hoan ngh\u00eanh. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng; Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o. 89. V\u00ec sao m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t? Hai k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 cao c\u1ea5p S\u1edf kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i n\u0103m 1965 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i \\\"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 xu th\u1ebf di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee5t m\u00f9a h\u00e8 khu v\u1ef1c H\u1ea1 l\u01b0u Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Giang\\\" \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean b\u00e1o \\\"\u0110\u1ecba l\u00fd\\\" k\u1ef3 hai. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1ee9c tranh xu th\u1ebf h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee5t v\u00f9ng H\u1ea1 l\u01b0u s\u00f4ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Giang nh\u01b0 sau: \\\"B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1963 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1969 tr\u1edf \u0111i gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Sau n\u0103m 1973 h\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb 1978 - 1980 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eb7ng d\u1ea7n. Sau n\u0103m 1982 chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ee5t nhi\u1ec1u (ho\u1eb7c m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u)... Trong th\u1eddi gian 1991 - 1993 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1ee5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng\\\". H\u01a1n hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qua ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m l\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta r\u1ea5t th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng xu th\u1ebf h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee5t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00fang, m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn h\u1ea1n l\u1edbn n\u0103m 1987 v\u00e0 tr\u1eadn l\u1ee5t l\u1edbn n\u0103m 1991 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecfi, d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00fang, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i thu nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n tin t\u1eeb trong Huy\u1ec7n ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i, Nam H\u1ed9i, T\u00f4ng Minh, Kim S\u01a1n, t\u1eeb Ph\u1ee7 ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a T\u00f9ng Giang, T\u00f4 Ch\u00e2u, H\u00e0ng Ch\u00e2u, t\u1eeb Th\u00f4ng ch\u00ed Giang T\u00f4, Giang Nam, t\u1eeb Th\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m t\u01b0 tr\u1ecb, t\u1eeb Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o V\u0103n hi\u1ebfn, t\u1eeb Tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ed5 kim, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o Th\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c xu\u00e2n thu, nam \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng thi, Thanh s\u1eed, thu th\u1eadp r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee5t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 903 TCN, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1eddi Chu Hi\u1ebfu V\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u0103m th\u1ee9 7 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1909, t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Thanh Tuy\u00ean Th\u1ed1ng n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng g\u1ed3m 2812 n\u0103m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1873 \u0111\u1ebfn nay. Sau \u0111\u00f3 chia c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn thi\u00ean tai th\u00e0nh n\u0103m c\u1ea5p: h\u1ea1n l\u1edbn, b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u1ee5t, l\u1ee5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c s\u1ed1: -2, -1, 0, 1, 2 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb, d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ebd th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong. T\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee5t th\u00e0nh xu th\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00ednh chu k\u1ef3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. G\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"T\u00ednh xu th\u1ebf\\\" t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian l\u1ea5y h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1eddi gian l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u1ee5t l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7. C\u00f2n \\\"T\u00ednh chu k\u1ef3 chu\u1ea9n\\\" t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n n\u00e0y v\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n sau (ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t n\u00e0y v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t sau), c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 n\u0103m c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu khu v\u1ef1c H\u1ea1 l\u01b0u Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Giang trong chu k\u1ef3 d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 1000 n\u0103m, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng chu k\u1ef3 v\u1eeba t\u1eeb 100 - 110 n\u0103m, 30 - 60 n\u0103m, th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng chu k\u1ef3 ng\u1eafn 2 - 3 n\u0103m. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","Sau khi t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy lu\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u00ednh xu th\u1ebf v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00e9p \\\"t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1\\\" \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1965 v\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1965 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 950 - 1000. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 xu th\u1ebf di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 950 - 1000 TCN \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 t\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 n\u0103m. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea7n n\u00f3i th\u00eam, ngo\u00e0i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, th\u1ef1c ra trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i khi n\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. B\u1edfi v\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 l\u00fac kh\u00f4ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i quy lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu h\u1ecdc \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00ed h\u1eadu bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh si\u00eau c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o xu th\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o n\u00e0y sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. 90. Ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a? Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ta sinh s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u1ea5y t\u1ec9 n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u0103n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 ghi ch\u00e9p m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5y ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m. H\u00e0ng tr\u0103m, h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn, h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, khi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u xu th\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u1eady con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed h\u1eadu xa x\u01b0a? Mu\u1ed1n th\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch n\u1eb1m im l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t. \u1ede t\u1ea7ng s\u00e2u trong v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea5n hoa th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng v\u1ec7t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 r\u1ea5t im l\u00ecm, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ghi l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 b\u0103ng gi\u00e1 Ph\u1ed3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 80 v\u1ea1n n\u0103m, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 b\u0103ng gi\u00e1 \u0110\u1ea1i c\u00f4 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 50 v\u1ea1n n\u0103m, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 b\u0103ng gi\u00e1 L\u01b0 s\u01a1n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 30 v\u1ea1n n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed bi\u1ebfn l\u1ea1nh trong ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch. Nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u1ed5 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc c\u0103n c\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea5n hoa c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u1ea5n hoa ho\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf: Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 7000 - 5000 n\u0103m TCN, ph\u1ea5n hoa c\u00e2y th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u00edt r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, c\u00f2n ph\u1ea5n hoa \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng l\u00ean, bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi th\u1ea3m th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt mi\u1ec1n Nam Chi\u1ebft Giang hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n ng\u00e0y nay kho\u1ea3ng 2 - 3\u00b0C, thu\u1ed9c kh\u00ed h\u1eadu n\u00f3ng \u1ea9m. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 4000 n\u0103m ph\u1ea5n hoa th\u00f4ng t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec1u, ph\u1ea5n hoa c\u00e2y l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u1eefa, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u1ea5y thu\u1ed9c kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u1ea1nh m\u00e1t. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u1edf t\u1ea7ng b\u0103ng g\u1ea7n Nam C\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t l\u00fd th\u00fa: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u0103m kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng, trong l\u1edbp b\u0103ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft r\u1ea5t r\u00f5. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u0103m 79, ho\u1ea3 di\u1ec7m s\u01a1n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean m\u01b0a axit, trong l\u1edbp b\u0103ng c\u00f2n l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00e0n t\u00edch, n\u0103m 1815 ho\u1ea3 di\u1ec7m s\u01a1n \u1edf In\u0111\u00f4n\u00eaxia \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho v\u00f9ng Thaiush\u01a1 \u1edf London tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u0103m l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p trong l\u1edbp b\u0103ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng hay gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng tr\u00ean n\u00fai cao c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1eddi x\u01b0a. Theo kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, tr\u00ean n\u00fai Anpix\u01a1 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda c\u1ee7a n\u0103m 1950, t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch s\u00f4ng b\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p 30% - 40%. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u h\u01a1n 100 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n b\u00e2y gi\u1edd r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch; Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu x\u01b0a. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","91. S\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? S\u00e9t hay ch\u1edbp c\u00f3 l\u00fac g\u00e2y tai n\u1ea1n cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u0103m 1986 n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 ph\u00f3ng ba qu\u1ea3 t\u00ean l\u1eeda v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng trung b\u1ecb s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u00fang. N\u0103m 1987, r\u1eebng \u0110\u1ea1i H\u01b0ng An L\u0129nh \u1edf N\u1ed9i M\u00f4ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng. Tr\u01b0a ng\u00e0y 12\/8\/1989 kho x\u0103ng Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh g\u00e2y s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng. S\u00e9t kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 4000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00ec s\u00e9t. Ng\u00e0y nay con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p g\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u00e9t, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u00e9t k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh s\u00e9t h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t. V\u00ec s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh s\u00e9t r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, cho n\u00ean d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u00e0y nay trong d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u00e9t. S\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y c\u0169ng v\u1eeba m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng \u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u00e9t. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u00e9t \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 to l\u1edbn. V\u1eady d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u00e9t \u1edf M\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau: To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00e1m tr\u1ea1m gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t s\u00e9t. M\u1ed7i tr\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0103ngten v\u00e0 m\u00e1y thu v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. M\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trung t\u00e2m \u1edf New York. C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0103ngten v\u00e0 m\u00e1y thu v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u00e2m thanh ph\u00e1t ra khi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb s\u00e9t, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ghi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ecb s\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u00e1nh ch\u1edbp. M\u1ed7i tr\u1ea1m ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u00e1nh ch\u1edbp c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng trung t\u00e2m s\u00e9t, sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trung t\u00e2m. M\u00e1y t\u00ednh trung t\u00e2m t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m r\u1ed3i v\u1ebd ra b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 s\u00e9t, t\u00ednh ra v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ea3n sinh s\u00e9t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u00e9t, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh v\u00f9ng s\u00e9t nguy hi\u1ec3m. M\u1ea5y n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y C\u00f4ng ty kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e9t Flanc\u01a1lin c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u00e9t. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o m\u1ea5y gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u00e9t, ph\u1ea1m vi d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1eeb 1 - 3 km. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u00e9t n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103m d\u00f2 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb s\u00e9t ph\u00e1t sinh ra. Trong m\u00e1y c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00f3ng ch\u1edbp, l\u1ecdc t\u1ea1p \u00e2m, ch\u1ec9 ghi l\u1ea1i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u00e1nh ch\u1edbp h\u1ed3 quang c\u00f3 trong s\u00e9t. M\u1ed7i m\u00e1y c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00f3ng ch\u1edbp c\u00e1ch xa 800 km. M\u00e1y c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01a1i thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u, th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi trung chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng truy\u1ec1n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn trung t\u00e2m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u1edf Pari. Qua ph\u00e2n t\u00edch bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 g\u00f3c c\u1ee7a s\u00e9t v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t ta s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, th\u1eddi gian, bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9, s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 quang c\u1ee7a s\u00e9t. Sau \u0111\u00f3 qua \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f3ng \u00e2m thanh c\u1ee7a s\u00e9t, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u00e9t \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng trong ph\u1ea1m vi 800 km. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u00e9t m\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Qua \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u00e9t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao, trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng xa nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u00e9t s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 trong n\u1ed9i dung d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam n\u1ed9i dung d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u00e9t. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o s\u00e9t. 92. V\u00ec sao n\u00fai l\u1eeda l\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft? Th\u00e1ng 6 - 7 n\u0103m 1783, v\u00f9ng B\u0103ng \u0110\u1ea3o g\u1ea7n B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t sinh hai l\u1ea7n n\u00fai l\u1eeda. C\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau: L\u00fac n\u00fai l\u1eeda b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, b\u1ee5i bay kh\u1eafp b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Mi\u1ec1n Nam n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi l\u00ean c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t 17 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5. \u1ede Anh M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi l\u00ean cao c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t 20 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ecf m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u1ede Italia b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 \u00e1nh n\u1eafng. B\u1ee5i l\u1eeda bao tr\u00f9m c\u1ea3 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. N\u0103m 1815 n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u1edf In\u0111\u00f4n\u00eaxia b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5. Ti\u1ebfng n\u1ed5 \u1ea7m \u1ea7m, c\u00e1ch xa 1750 km c\u0169ng nghe th\u1ea5y r\u00f5. T\u1eebng d\u00f2ng b\u00f9n nham th\u1ea1ch phun xa 40 km, l\u00e0m cho h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft. B\u1ee5i ph\u1ee7 kh\u1eafp kh\u00f4ng trung khi\u1ebfn cho n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 n\u0103m sau l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1 \u00edt th\u1ea5y nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. N\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ed1n m\u00f9a \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 6 c\u0169ng r\u01a1i tuy\u1ebft, th\u00e1ng 7 c\u00f3 s\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1i, khi\u1ebfn cho v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu ho\u1ea1ch. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ghi v\u00e0o nh\u1eadt k\u00fd nh\u01b0 sau: \\\"Ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 7 t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7c \u00e1o l\u00f4ng c\u1eebu \u0111i l\u00e0m. Tan t\u1ea7m tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 l\u1ea1nh ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo g\u0103ng tay\\\". Ng\u00e0y 18, 25 th\u00e1ng 5, ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 6 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1980 n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u1edf bang Oasinht\u01a1n M\u1ef9 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n b\u1ee5i kh\u00f3i th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y h\u00ecnh n\u1ea5m b\u1ed1c l\u00ean, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. Tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1i m\u1ecbt, ban ng\u00e0y b\u1ed7ng ch\u1ed1c bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ban \u0111\u00eam, gi\u01a1 tay kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ng\u00f3n tay. V\u00ec c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi n\u00fai l\u1eeda l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ee5i di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 v\u00f9ng l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Giang Trung Qu\u1ed1c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft l\u1ea1nh gi\u1eefa m\u00f9a h\u00e8, th\u00e1ng 8 kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng. L\u1ea5y Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i l\u00e0m v\u00ed d\u1ee5, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n th\u00e1ng ch\u1ec9 24,8\u00b0C, so v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p 3\u00b0C. N\u00fai l\u1eeda b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c khi\u1ebfn cho kh\u00ed h\u1eadu tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh xu\u1ed1ng. N\u00fai l\u1eeda khi\u1ebfn cho kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u1ea1nh xu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 v\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn b\u1ee5i che l\u1ea5p c\u1ea3 b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi. Trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1edbp b\u1ee5i d\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn 0,5 - 3 km v\u00e0 trong t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u, t\u1ea7ng b\u00ecnh l\u01b0u ch\u00fang tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 1-2 n\u0103m, do \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn cho b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng 10% - 20%. C\u1ed9ng th\u00eam b\u1ee5i n\u00fai l\u1eeda l\u00e0m h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u00e0 m\u01b0a. Trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e2y v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi. Cho n\u00ean khi n\u00fai l\u1eeda b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, t\u1eeb 1 -2 n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t s\u1ebd l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u00f9a h\u00e8 c\u00e0ng r\u00f5. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: B\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 n\u00fai l\u1eeda. 93. V\u00ec sao kh\u00ed cacbonic trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng l\u00ean? B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ph\u00f2ng \u1ea5m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng k\u00ednh ch\u01b0a? Trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tr\u1ed3ng hoa. \u1ede n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 bao b\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng nil\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 gieo m\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ed3ng hoa. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","D\u00f9ng k\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0ng nil\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng \u1ea5m, v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. Cho d\u00f9 m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng th\u00ec trong ph\u00f2ng v\u1eabn \u1ea5m nh\u01b0 m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam. Nh\u1eefng b\u00f4ng hoa r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed1ng rau xanh t\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eafm \u00e1nh n\u1eafng, nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y c\u00e0 chua n\u1eb7ng tr\u0129u qu\u1ea3, nh\u1eefng d\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t t\u1ed1t t\u01b0\u01a1i. Th\u1ef1c ra Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ta sinh s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng \u1ea5m l\u1edbn. Kh\u00ed cacbonic trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho \u00e1nh n\u1eafng chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o. \u00c1nh n\u1eafng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi do nh\u1eefng s\u00f3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng d\u00e0i, ng\u1eafn kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh. Khi M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t th\u00ec kh\u00ed ozon trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n s\u1ebd h\u1ea5p thu c\u00e1c tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i trong b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, c\u00f2n h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00ed cacbonic trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ebd h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 tia h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh n\u1eafng, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1edbi chi\u1ebfu xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Sau khi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, kho\u1ea3ng 1\/3 nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng trung, 2\/3 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5. Khi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh d\u1ea7n th\u00ec \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng s\u00f3ng d\u00e0i (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i) v\u00e0o trong kh\u00f4ng trung. S\u1ef1 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cacbonic v\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5. Kh\u00ed cacbonic c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ecdt qua ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tia h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i s\u00f3ng d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tia h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng t\u1eeb 12 m - 18 m th\u00ec b\u1ecb h\u1ea5p thu m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00ed cacbonic trong l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed g\u1ea7n s\u00e1t m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 k\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0ng nil\u00f4ng trong ph\u00f2ng \u1ea5m, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o trong ph\u00f2ng, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t t\u0103ng cao, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh\\\". N\u1ebfu Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec ban ng\u00e0y M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 127\u00b0C c\u00f2n ban \u0111\u00eam l\u1ea1nh xu\u1ed1ng -183\u00b0C. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00ed cacbonic trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00f3i chung h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed cacbonic l\u00e0 ba ph\u1ea7n tri\u1ec7u. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9a cacbon nh\u01b0 than \u0111\u00e1, d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t, v.v. \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y khi\u1ebfn cho cacbonic trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u0103ng nhanh h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m. Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea S\u1edf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 th\u00ec 100 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed cacbonic l\u00e0 96 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n, c\u00f2n ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m t\u1ec9 t\u1ea5n. D\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn sang th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XXI s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean theo b\u1eadc thang l\u00e0 t\u00e1m t\u1ec9 t\u1ea5n. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbonic trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u0103ng l\u00ean th\u00ec hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t s\u1ebd t\u0103ng cao. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX th\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean 0,5\u00b0C. Trong 50 n\u0103m t\u1edbi n\u1ebfu h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbonic trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i th\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean 3\u00b0C, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t s\u1ebd \u1ea5m l\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean c\u1ee7a cacbonic trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, khi\u1ebfn cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u0103ng cao. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Kh\u00ed cacbonic; Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","94. V\u00ec sao \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t qu\u00fdt c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i? Qu\u00fdt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi ch\u00e2u \u00c1, \u01b0a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea5m v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 12.5\u00b0C, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n t\u0103ng 10\u00b0C l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y qu\u00fdt s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean g\u1ea5p b\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf . Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 45\u00b0C, c\u00e2y qu\u00fdt s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng cao l\u00ean 50,5\u00b0C, trong v\u00f2ng 15~30 ph\u00fat c\u00e2y qu\u00fdt s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft v\u00ec qu\u00e1 n\u00f3ng. V\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn -7\u00b0C, l\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y qu\u00fdt b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i; khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng -9\u00b0C c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng; khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng -10\u00b0C ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, c\u00e2y qu\u00fdt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft v\u00ec qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, c\u00e2y qu\u00fdt ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u1ede c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ven bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda b\u1eafc Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i, nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y qu\u00fdt ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng c\u00e0nh l\u00e1. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1977, x\u1ea3y ra tr\u1eadn r\u00e9t \u0111\u1eadm to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c c\u00e2y qu\u00fdt c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft l\u1ea1nh, 72,3% s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y qu\u00fdt c\u1ee7a t\u00e1m t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft v\u00ec qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh. N\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf Th\u00e1i H\u1ed3 t\u1ec9nh Giang T\u00f4 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c 7 ng\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn r\u00e9t \u0111\u1eadm ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y trong g\u1ea7n 50 n\u0103m tr\u1edf, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00fdt gi\u1ea3m \u0111i m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, h\u01a1n hai m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ed1n m\u1eabu qu\u00fdt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u01b0ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00f2n t\u0103ng cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ea5y n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u1ea1t 1650kg\/m\u1eabu. \u0110\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u01b0ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf 121041\u2019 kinh \u0111\u00f4ng, 31023\u2019 v\u0129 b\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng Nam- B\u1eafc 4000m, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0110\u00f4ng- T\u00e2y 25000m , ba ph\u00eda xung quanh l\u00e0 s\u00f4ng, ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng gi\u00e1p bi\u1ec3n, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u01b0ng v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1eddn qu\u00fdt \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng S\u01a1n, Th\u00e1i H\u1ed3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t gi\u1ed1ng nhau. Theo c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a trung t\u00e2m kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y v\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u01b0ng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u01b0ng so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i l\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n 1-2\u00b0C. Trong \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb -7, -5, -3 v\u00e0 0\u00b0C tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u00edt. Th\u00f4ng qua t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, ng\u00e0y 31\/1\/1977 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u01b0ng l\u00e0 -6,4\u00b0C, cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p khoa h\u1ecdc Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i l\u00e0 4,8\u00b0C. \u0110\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u01b0ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1959 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi -9 \u0111\u1ed9 C, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb 1-4 l\u1ea7n. B\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p t\u1eeb -8\u00b0C tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u01b0ng l\u00e0 4,3%, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh l\u00e0 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh huy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 8.7% - 30.4%, 3-4 n\u0103m th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb -7\u00b0C tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u01b0ng m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng S\u01a1n b\u1ed1n n\u0103m g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, m\u00e0 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 2,3 n\u0103m g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Cam qu\u00fdt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01a1i hang \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 n\u00fai non, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea3o. V\u00ec th\u1ebf trong c\u00e1c t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u ghi ch\u00e9p \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","kho t\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn, v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ph\u00e1t ra m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, l\u00e0m m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u1ea5m h\u01a1n. Cho n\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea3o, v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. Gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi quy lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u01b0ng thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea5m \u00e1p. Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng S\u01a1n, m\u1ed7i khi h\u1ed3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9, nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tho\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u0103ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c c\u00e2y qu\u00fdt \u0110\u00f4ng S\u01a1n. H\u01a1n 800 n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, khu v\u1ef1c Th\u00e1i H\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n hai m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u1ea7n r\u00e9t \u0111\u1eadm r\u00e9t h\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 theo t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i g\u1ea7n 500 n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t s\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u01b0ng. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t qu\u00fdt c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i. T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: Qu\u00fdt \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u01b0ng . 95. V\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i quan tr\u1eafc kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nam C\u1ef1c? B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 50 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. M\u1ef9, Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m quan tr\u1eafc kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. N\u0103m 1985 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u1ea1m quan tr\u1eafc kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n \u0111o gi\u00f3 \u1edf tr\u00ean cao. V\u00ec sao c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i xa x\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn Nam C\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7y b\u0103ng tuy\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 hay bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c. T\u1eeb sau khi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh quan tr\u1eafc kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nam C\u1ef1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi m\u1ebb, l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt \\\"c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecb\\\" c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ea t\u1eeb B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn Nam C\u1ef1c. Theo kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, 97% v\u00f9ng Nam C\u1ef1c b\u1ecb b\u0103ng tuy\u1ebft bao ph\u1ee7. 90% b\u0103ng tuy\u1ebft tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u1eadp trung \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c. Nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, khi b\u0103ng tuy\u1ebft tan th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec c\u00e0ng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 quan tr\u1eafc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t \u00edt. Nam C\u1ef1c l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 quan tr\u1eafc kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Nam C\u1ef1c. \u1ede Nam C\u1ef1c m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea1t 100 m\/s, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n gi\u00f3 l\u1ed1c c\u1ea5p 12 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 - 3 l\u1ea7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1edf B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t \u00edt g\u1eb7p, b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u01a1n l\u1ed1c ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 100 m\/s. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1edbn lao n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1edd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh quan tr\u1eafc kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng: c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c, ho\u1eb7c v\u00f9ng Xib\u00eari. Nh\u01b0ng sau khi quan tr\u1eafc kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nam C\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y, c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng Xib\u00eari m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c. N\u0103m 1967 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Na Uy \u0111\u00e3 ghi T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecb th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t \u1edf g\u1ea7n Nam C\u1ef1c l\u00e0 -94,5\u00b0C, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a quan tr\u1eafc kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nam C\u1ef1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u thu ho\u1ea1ch quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0: th\u00f4ng qua quan tr\u1eafc kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u1eb1m \u1edf B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u. Trong s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c g\u00e2y n\u00ean nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e0n gi\u00f3 l\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c Xib\u00eari th\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn, m\u00f9a h\u00e8 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n gi\u00f3 l\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c Nam H\u1ea3i, m\u01b0a b\u00e3o m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb gi\u00f3 xo\u00e1y \u00f4n \u0111\u1edbi, v.v. N\u00e0o ai ng\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi Nam C\u1ef1c, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 c\u00e1ch xa B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u1ebfn 12.000 km. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 do gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c. S\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Khi gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c t\u1eeb tr\u00ean c\u00e1c cao nguy\u00ean Nam C\u1ef1c tr\u00e0n xu\u1ed1ng v\u00f9ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i \u1edf bi\u1ec3n, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn do Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 quay sinh ra, khi\u1ebfn cho h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u1eeb nam sang b\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f4ng - t\u00e2y h\u01b0\u1edbng sang c\u00e1c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p m\u00e0 th\u1ed5i t\u1edbi. V\u1eady s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Nam C\u1ef1c l\u00e0 kho b\u0103ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 truy t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft, ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c g\u00e2y n\u00ean bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t th\u00e0nh hai ch\u1eef \\\"l\u1eeda\\\" v\u00e0 \\\"n\u01b0\u1edbc\\\". T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ea1nh g\u00e2y n\u00ean s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa hai c\u1ef1c nam - b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. V\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i r\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed - \\\"h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng\\\" c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. V\u00f9ng g\u1ea7n x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu m\u1ea1nh, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u0103ng cao, n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i th\u00f4ng qua m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 gi\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ch\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebfn hai c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1nh, c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh \u1edf hai c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 b\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c nam, s\u1ea3n sinh s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. B\u0103ng ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Nam C\u1ef1c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh bu\u1ed1t nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \\\"h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng\\\" m\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u. C\u00f3 l\u00fac kho l\u1ea1nh Nam C\u1ef1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh tr\u00e0n qua h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn km \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng Nam Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o khi\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i v\u00f2i gi\u00f3 l\u1ed1c. V\u00e0nh \u0111ai h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 n\u1ed9i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00ean T\u00e2y B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh l\u00ean, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ea3n sinh ra t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3t gi\u00f3 l\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Philippin, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, v.v.. Ng\u00e0y nay \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e0i quan tr\u1eafc kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n v\u00e9n b\u1ee9c m\u00e0n b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng Nam C\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7y b\u0103ng tuy\u1ebft. Nam C\u1ef1c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1nh hay \u1ea5m kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu Nam C\u1ef1c; D\u00f2ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. 96. V\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00f2ng b\u1ea3o \u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o? T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","C\u00e2y c\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111i, ch\u00fang s\u1ed1ng trong thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p hay cao \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u0103m d\u00f2, th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, so s\u00e1nh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u00edch h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i cho n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean mu\u00f4n h\u00ecnh v\u1ea1n tr\u1ea1ng, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a, gi\u00f3, m\u00e2y, s\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1, v.v. c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i \u0111an xen l\u1eabn nhau, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m theo t\u1eebng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3, t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fang. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong nh\u1eefng chu k\u1ef3 d\u00e0i, l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m kh\u00e1c nhau, kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. C\u00f3 l\u00fac c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i c\u1ea7n c\u00f3. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00f2ng b\u1ea3o \u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u chu k\u1ef3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. Ph\u00f2ng b\u1ea3o \u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng. Ph\u00f2ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng, l\u1ea1nh, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, v.v., ph\u00f2ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed cacbonic. C\u00e2y l\u00faa, ti\u1ec3u m\u1ea1ch, rau, d\u01b0a qu\u1ea3, c\u00e2y hoa, v.v. \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c r\u01a1le t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu t\u1ed1t. C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i theo m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c th\u00ec gi\u1ed1ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1edbn l\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5, l\u00e1, m\u1ea7m non, nh\u1ecb hoa ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Qua ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 quan h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang v\u1edbi nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 mu\u1ed1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi n\u00f3ng b\u1ecfng, c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu gi\u00f3 m\u00f9a \u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng thi\u1ebfu, c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh c\u00f2n m\u00f9a h\u00e8 kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o nh\u01b0 v\u00f9ng ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 la tinh. Sau \u0111\u00f3 theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ch\u1ecbu kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u00e1c nhau, g\u00e2y n\u00ean b\u1ec7nh, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ecm ra lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. L\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f2ng b\u1ea3o \u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh th\u00edch nghi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: cam, qu\u00fdt s\u1ee3 b\u0103ng gi\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ee3 \u0111\u00f4ng gi\u00e1 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ec v\u1eady nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4ng gi\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 cho c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a tr\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i cam ho\u1eb7c qu\u00fdt th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Ph\u00f2ng b\u1ea3o \u00f4n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ra nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng cao v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","C\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i to, lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf. N\u00f3i chung th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec t\u1eeb 20 - 30 m2. Ph\u00f2ng nh\u1ecf kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ea5y m2, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ed9p kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. \u0110\u1ec3 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n nhu c\u1ea7u th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u1ea5y ph\u00f2ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7n so s\u00e1nh. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Ph\u00f2ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. 97. V\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu? C\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: m\u1ecdc m\u1ea7m, ra l\u00e1, n\u1edf hoa, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1. N\u0103m n\u00e0y qua n\u0103m kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Ta d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi gian h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ecdc m\u1ea7m, m\u1ecdc l\u00e1, n\u1edf hoa, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u0103m s\u1edbm, n\u0103m mu\u1ed9n. V\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf? \u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u00ec t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u0103m kh\u00e1c nhau g\u00e2y n\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft mu\u1ed9n hay s\u1edbm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh v\u00e0o m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch \u201cN\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u201d \u0111\u1eddi T\u00e2y H\u00e1n c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: \\\"G\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a canh t\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u1edf th\u1eddi v\u1ee5\\\". T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9a th\u00ec then ch\u1ed1t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc c\u00e1c th\u1eddi gian th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 gieo gi\u1ed1ng, ch\u0103m b\u00f3n v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch. \u0110\u00e0m T\u01b0 T\u1ee9 th\u1eddi B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \\\"T\u1ebf d\u00e2n y\u1ebfu thu\u1eadt\\\" khi b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00faa, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ea7n th\u00e1ng hai, khi l\u00e1 c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m ra hoa gieo gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ea7n th\u00e1ng ba \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ebft Thanh minh hoa \u0111\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1edf l\u00e0 th\u1eddi l\u1ec7nh t\u1ed1t v\u1eeba, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ea7n th\u00e1ng t\u01b0, l\u00fac c\u00e2y t\u00e1o ra l\u00e1, c\u00e2y d\u00e2u r\u1ee5ng hoa l\u00e0 th\u1eddi l\u1ec7nh ch\u1eadm nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf: thu\u1eadn theo th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba l\u1ee3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00edt d\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c m\u00e0 v\u1eabn thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn theo th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u00fd mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 quan \u0111\u1ec3 canh t\u00e1c th\u00ec s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee9c m\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u1eabn \u00edt. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u0103m 1962 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00f9ng Hoa B\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u00e0o, m\u1eadn r\u1eebng, t\u1eed \u0111inh h\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t n\u1edf hoa ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n 10 ng\u00e0y so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1961, ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n 5 - 6 ng\u00e0y so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1960, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 B\u1eafc Kinh l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gieo tr\u1ed3ng theo s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 n\u00e0y m\u00e0 v\u1eabn gieo gi\u1ed1ng, ch\u0103m b\u00f3n theo th\u00f3i quen n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1eddi v\u1ee5, kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft. N\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quan s\u00e1t quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft. H\u1ecd l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 quan h\u1ec7 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c thu\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p M\u1ef9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eadp gi\u1ed1ng cam, qu\u00fdt, c\u00e2y du \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu \u0111\u0169a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi sang Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf c\u00e1c Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, thu th\u1eadp t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ef1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, v.v.. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ed3ng cam v\u00e0 qu\u00fdt \u1edf bang California, di th\u1ef1c c\u00e2y du \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn bang Flori\u0111a, di th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eadu \u0111\u0169a \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n Trung v\u00e0 T\u00e2y n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, ti\u1ec3u m\u1ea1ch \u1edf M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh r\u1ea7y r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 gieo gi\u1ed1ng s\u1edbm, ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","khi lo\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbm g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 thu ho\u1ea1ch xong. Qua \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft quan tr\u1ecdng bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc gi\u00fap n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9a. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Khoa h\u1ecdc quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft. 98. V\u00ec sao kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi? Lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ean s\u00e1u t\u1ec9. B\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u1eddi Nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau. Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i chung, lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi: da v\u00e0ng, da \u0111en, da tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 da n\u00e2u. S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u1eeba ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. M\u00e0u da ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi da \u0111en c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu n\u00f3ng v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi. Ch\u00e2u Phi v\u1eaft qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o, M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi n\u00f3ng nh\u01b0 l\u1eeda, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu gay g\u1eaft. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, da b\u1ecb hun \u0111en, t\u00f3c xo\u0103n, m\u1eaft m\u00f4i v\u00e0 r\u0103ng r\u1ea5t tr\u1eafng, tr\u00e1n d\u00f4 ra, m\u00f4i d\u00e0y v\u00e0 tr\u1ec1 ra ngo\u00e0i, s\u1ed1ng m\u0169i th\u1ea5p t\u1eb9t, m\u0169i ng\u1eafn, r\u00e2u \u00edt, l\u00f4ng tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edt. Da \u0111en ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u00ec trong da ch\u1ee9a s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en r\u1ea5t cao. Trong da c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1edf t\u1ea7ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a da. T\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi \u00e1nh n\u1eafng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh n\u1eafng, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en r\u1ea5t nhanh, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec1u, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t da, v\u00ec v\u1eady da hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 m\u00e0u \u0111en. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu \u00e1nh n\u1eafng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi y\u1ebfu \u1edbt th\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t m\u00e0u \u0111en t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1eadm, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00edt, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 theo tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u00ean m\u00e0u da tr\u1eafng. Khi s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en t\u1eadp trung d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c \u1edf t\u1ea7ng ph\u00e1t sinh th\u00ec da m\u00e0u n\u00e2u ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111en. N\u1ebfu h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en \u1edf t\u1ea7ng ph\u00e1t sinh v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00ec da tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t. S\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i xuy\u00ean qua da, v\u00ec v\u1eady nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu n\u00f3ng th\u00ec m\u00e0u da \u0111\u1eadm, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 cao th\u00ec m\u00e0u da nh\u1ea1t. Tuy\u1ebfn m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi da \u0111en r\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, do \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ec5 t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t. T\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi da \u0111en xo\u0103n l\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i m\u0169 che m\u00e1t, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00e1nh n\u1eafng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 da. M\u00f4i d\u00e0y, mi\u1ec7ng r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i. M\u0169i ng\u1eafn m\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00edch nghi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu n\u00f3ng b\u1ee9c \u1edf v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi. Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u00e1nh n\u1eafng y\u1ebfu \u1edbt, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec da hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy m\u00e0u da kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u01a1 quan c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 th\u00ec gi\u1ed1ng nhau, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t cao hay th\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i k\u00e9m h\u01a1n, v\u00ec v\u1eady ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi; S\u1eafc t\u1ed1 \u0111en 99. V\u00ec sao kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd con ng\u01b0\u1eddi? C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 y h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c cho r\u1eb1ng: con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00ed huy\u1ebft b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, g\u00e2y n\u00ean ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n, ch\u00ednh kh\u00ed gi\u1ea3m k\u00e9m, \u00e2m d\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, khi\u1ebfn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 c\u1ea3m ph\u1ea3i t\u00e0 kh\u00ed m\u00e0 sinh b\u1ec7nh. Cho n\u00ean s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. V\u00f9ng Giang Nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef: \\\"Hoa rau v\u00e0ng, b\u1ec7nh \u0111i\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u\\\", ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3i: m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n d\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t sinh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb l\u1ea1nh sang n\u00f3ng, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trung khu th\u1ea7n kinh c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sau khi tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00ean, s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p thu \u0111\u00e0o th\u1ea3i c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i, nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n n\u1eb1m vi\u1ec7n l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi hoa rau n\u1edf v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7, t\u00ednh t\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u01a1 t\u01b0\u1edfng lung tung, hay gi\u1eadn d\u1ed7i. Khi \u0111\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f9a kh\u00e1c. Vi\u00eam gan l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Theo th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1eeb 0\u00b0C - 20\u00b0C, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 972 - 982 mPa, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1eeb 55% - 85%, s\u1ed1 gi\u1edd n\u1eafng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00e1nh tr\u0103ng t\u1eeb 90 - 200 gi\u1edd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam gan ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n m\u1edbi c\u00f3. Cho n\u00ean m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u00f9a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam gan. M\u00f9a xu\u00e2n \u1ea5m \u00e1p, tr\u0103m hoa \u0111ua n\u1edf, d\u1ecbch vi\u00eam n\u00e3o c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t nhanh. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y cao \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 1 - 4. Sau th\u00e1ng 5 th\u00ec gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n. V\u00ec vi\u00eam n\u00e3o l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i song c\u1ea7u khu\u1ea9n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n g\u00e2y n\u00ean, n\u00f3 th\u00edch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4 \u1ea5m v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u00e1p th\u1ea5p. M\u00f9a xu\u00e2n qua m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u0111\u1ebfn, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu n\u00f3ng d\u1ea7n, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chung quanh n\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ra m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. N\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed qu\u00e1 cao khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i ra qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng cao s\u1ebd nguy h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb. Khi s\u1ed1t cao b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n th\u1edf v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1eadp nhanh, hoa m\u1eaft, n\u00f4n nao, tai \u00f9, v.v.. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 n\u1eafng do tr\u1eddi n\u00f3ng g\u00e2y n\u00ean. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam kh\u1edbp th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111au kh\u1edbp. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam kh\u1edbp, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y khi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4 \u1ea9m, thay \u0111\u1ed5i sang n\u00f3ng l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh. N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u00b13\u00b0C, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n trong hai ng\u00e0y l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 5 mPa, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u00b110% th\u00ec x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t sinh b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam kh\u1edbp t\u0103ng l\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, cho n\u00ean lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"b\u1ec7nh n\u1eafng m\u01b0a\\\". Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u00eam kh\u00ed qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh hen ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng: v\u1ec1 m\u00f9a thu v\u00e0 m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi gi\u00f3 l\u1ea1nh t\u00e2y b\u1eafc tr\u00e0n v\u1ec1 th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u tra h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y: khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y th\u1ea5p T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng 0\u00b0C, n\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau hai ng\u00e0y l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 3\u00b0C th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh d\u1ec5 n\u1eb7ng, c\u00f2n khi tr\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n \u1ea5m, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 12\u00b0C, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 85% v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u00e2m u m\u01b0a li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 l\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu g\u00e2y n\u00ean vi\u00eam kh\u00ed qu\u1ea3n m\u00e3n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 hen suy\u1ec5n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n. S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u00f2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t t\u1eed vong c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh cao nh\u1ea5t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng (th\u00e1ng gi\u00eang ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1ng hai), t\u1eeb m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f9a h\u00e8 x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t t\u1eed vong gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t nhanh. Sau th\u00e1ng 6 x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t t\u1eed vong l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n l\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf t\u1eed vong c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f9a r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. L\u1ea1nh \u1ea9m v\u00e0 m\u00e1t \u1ea9m l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00fac g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 8 - 1975 \u1edf M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t n\u00f3ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 8 so v\u1edbi ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 7 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ebft t\u0103ng l\u00ean 16%, \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0. V\u00ec trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh suy l\u00e3o, c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng tuy\u1ebfn m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i y\u1ebfu d\u1ea7n n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn. Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd an to\u00e0n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb l\u1ea1nh sang \u1ea5m ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd gi\u1eef \u1ea5m, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 sau khi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u1edfi \u00e1o ngay, ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, n\u0103ng ph\u01a1i ch\u0103n chi\u1ebfu, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh khu\u1ea9n truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb em d\u01b0\u1edbi 12 tu\u1ed5i ph\u1ea3i ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp, b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ee7 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft. 100. V\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u En Nin\u00f4 v\u00e0 La Nina? Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng En Nin\u00f4 v\u00e0 La Nina, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 En Nin\u00f4 v\u00e0 La Nina l\u00e0 g\u00ec? G\u1ecdi l\u00e0 En Nin\u00f4 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f9ng x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Trung Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee9 c\u00e1ch 3 - 5 n\u0103m l\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n t\u0103ng cao trong ph\u1ea1m vi l\u1edbn. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n t\u0103ng cao h\u01a1n 4\u00b0C, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"b\u00ecnh n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4i\\\" c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n t\u0103ng cao trong ph\u1ea1m vi l\u1edbn th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t \u1edf v\u00f9ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i Mil\u00f4, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc L\u1ec5 gi\u00e1ng sinh, cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Mil\u00f4 g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 En Nin\u00f4, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cb\u00e9 trai\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 Ch\u00faa h\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng. T\u1eeb m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1982 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1983 l\u00e0 n\u0103m En Nin\u00f4 r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. Trong n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng Mil\u00f4, \u00caqua\u0111o, B\u00f4livia, c\u00e1c bang Luisiana, Flori\u0111a c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u, l\u1ee5t l\u1ed9i ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh, m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n r\u1ea5t gian kh\u1ed5. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i \u1edf In\u0111\u00f4n\u00eaxia, Philippin, mi\u1ec1n Nam \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u00d4xtr\u00e2ylia, Nam Phi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3t, ru\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u00fac v\u1eadt thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ea1n ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng li\u00ean mi\u00ean. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","\u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1983 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng, Trung h\u1ea1 du s\u00f4ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Giang, l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c s\u00f4ng Ho\u00e0i m\u01b0a li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. Ngo\u00e0i ra trong n\u0103m En Nin\u00f4 khu v\u1ef1c x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Trung Th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u01a1ng, lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 v\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du quen s\u1ed1ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb 16\u00b0C - 18\u00b0C, v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng cao m\u00e0 ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t, ti\u1ebfp theo nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1 v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 du s\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 tr\u00ean c\u0169ng ch\u1ebft theo. X\u00e1c chim ch\u1ebft l\u00e0m cho b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n h\u00f4i th\u1ed1i g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec3m, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 bi\u1ec3n tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i theo gi\u00f3 l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u \u0111en nh\u01b0 s\u01a1n b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t l\u00ean t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 \u1edf c\u1ea3ng v\u00f9ng Mil\u00f4. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1edbp xi \u0111en. M\u1ea5y n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng En Nin\u00f4: c\u00f3 n\u0103m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc 4\u00b0C. D\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, khu v\u1ef1c mi\u1ec1n Trung v\u00e0 T\u00e2y n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu n\u00f3ng kh\u00f4, h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n, c\u00f2n \u1edf B\u0103ngla\u0111et l\u1ea1i g\u00e2y n\u00ean l\u0169 l\u1ee5t, \u1edf bi\u1ec3n M\u00eahic\u00f4 th\u00ec b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 l\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng La Nina, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u201cb\u00e9 g\u00e1i\u201d, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cph\u1ea3n En Nin\u00f4\u201d. En Nin\u00f4 v\u00e0 La Nina l\u00e0 hai qu\u00e1i v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i cho Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tai ho\u1ea1. Ng\u00e0y nay con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0m r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u00fang l\u1ee5t \u1edf mi\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 trung v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 En Nin\u00f4 v\u00e0 La Nina, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1edbm m\u1ea5y th\u00e1ng, d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f2ng l\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t do h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee5t g\u00e2y ra, trong n\u0103m thi\u00ean tai v\u1eabn b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc mu\u1ed1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u En Nin\u00f4 v\u00e0 La Nina. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: En Nin\u00f4; La Nina T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","101. V\u00ec sao \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed lu\u00f4n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i? Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng, h\u00fat h\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u00ean trong th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng s\u1ebd x\u1eb9p xu\u1ed1ng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u00ean trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u1eefa, b\u1ecb \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u00e9p b\u1eb9p. T\u1eeb l\u00e2u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. N\u0103m 1642 T\u00f4rixenli nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Italia \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m: l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng thu\u1ef7 tinh d\u00e0i m\u1ed9t m\u00e9t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecbt k\u00edn, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7u kia \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7y thu\u1ef7 ng\u00e2n (\u0111\u1ea9y kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ra h\u1ebft), d\u00f9ng ng\u00f3n tay b\u1ecbt k\u00edn mi\u1ec7ng \u1ed1ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ef1ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ed1ng thu\u1ef7 tinh r\u1ed3i nh\u00fang v\u00e0o c\u1ed1c thu\u1ef7 ng\u00e2n. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ef7 ng\u00e2n trong \u1ed1ng h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 cao 760 mm th\u00ec ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. L\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a thu\u1ef7 ng\u00e2n trong \u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. V\u1ec1 sau ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0103n c\u1ee9 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ra c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o kh\u00ed \u00e1p. Th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o kh\u00ed \u00e1p l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed \u00e1p l\u00fac t\u0103ng l\u00ean, l\u00fac gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng, thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. V\u00ec sao \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i? Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 v\u1eadt g\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t do tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u1eb1m b\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t do tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00ean h\u1ebft t\u1ea7ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n g\u00e2y ra. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong c\u1ed9t kh\u00ed n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p th\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t t\u0103ng l\u00ean th\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean. S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng hay gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong c\u1ed9t kh\u00ed \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. N\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u1ed9t kh\u00ed \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i ra th\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u0103ng cao, n\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i v\u00e0o \u00edt h\u01a1n \u0111i ra th\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau m\u00e0 ngay m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u0169ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u00f3i chung bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng t\u1eeb 9 - 10 gi\u1edd \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u 15 - 16 gi\u1edd th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00eam t\u1eeb 21 - 22 gi\u1edd \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n, n\u1eeda sau c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00eam t\u1eeb 3 - 4 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Khi c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 l\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00f3 l\u1ea1nh tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng cao r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. 102. V\u00ec sao \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng cao h\u01a1n m\u00f9a h\u00e8? Kh\u00ed \u00e1p l\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t sinh ra tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch. Kh\u00ed \u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Khi kh\u00ed \u00e1p gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p th\u00ec th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft u \u00e1m, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n vi\u00eam kh\u1edbp c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u1edbp x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111au m\u1ecfi, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n, b\u1ea5t an, c\u00e1 trong ao nh\u1ea3y l\u00ean T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f2n khi kh\u00ed \u00e1p t\u0103ng cao, th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft chuy\u1ec3n sang trong s\u00e1ng, ta c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u0169ng m\u1ea5t \u0111i. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y cho kh\u00ed \u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7. Khi n\u00f3 n\u00f3ng l\u00ean th\u00ec gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf \u0111i, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00ed \u00e1p gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p. C\u00f2n khi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ecb l\u1ea1nh th\u00ec n\u00f3 co l\u1ea1i, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch t\u0103ng l\u00ean, n\u00ean kh\u00ed \u00e1p t\u0103ng cao. V\u00ec v\u1eady khi c\u00f3 lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh th\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e8m theo kh\u00ed \u00e1p t\u0103ng cao, c\u00f2n khi c\u00f3 lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng th\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec kh\u00ed \u00e1p gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p. M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1ea1nh, m\u00f9a h\u00e8 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng, n\u00ean kh\u00ed \u00e1p m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng cao h\u01a1n m\u00f9a h\u00e8 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i th\u00e1ng gi\u00eang kh\u00ed \u00e1p b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n cao 1.025,8 mPa, \u0111\u1ec9nh cao nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn 1044,6 mPa. C\u00f2n m\u00f9a h\u00e8 th\u00e1ng b\u1ea3y b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n kh\u00ed \u00e1p ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 1003,9 mPa. \u0110\u1ec9nh th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 972,0 mPa, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7nh kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 72,6 mPa. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m ven bi\u1ec3n, v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu m\u00f9a c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3n n\u00ean s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u00f9a h\u00e8 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1edbn l\u1eafm. S\u00e2u trong l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh, m\u00f9a h\u00e8 r\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng n\u00ean s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch kh\u00ed \u00e1p h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn. M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u00e1p tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n cao nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ean 1085 mPa, c\u00f2n khi \u00e1p m\u00f9a h\u00e8 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn 955 mPa, cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch kh\u00ed \u00e1p gi\u1eefa hai m\u00f9a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n 100 mPa. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u1ecfi: m\u00f9a h\u00e8 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00f9ng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9, kh\u00ed \u00e1p gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p, v\u1eady th\u00ec s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gi\u00e3n n\u1edf t\u0103ng th\u00eam \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1y \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u? C\u00f2n m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u co l\u1ea1i, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u0103ng l\u00ean, kh\u00ed \u00e1p t\u0103ng cao, v\u1eady s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn? Nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 5.136.000 t\u1ec9 t\u1ea5n. Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, m\u00f9a h\u00e8 v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea5t \u0111i, m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u00ean. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, hai b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u Nam, B\u1eafc m\u00f9a ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau. Khi B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u00f9a gi\u00e1 r\u00e9t ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y b\u0103ng tuy\u1ebft th\u00ec \u1edf Nam b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u00f3ng n\u1ef1c. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u00f9a h\u00e8 th\u00ec m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng gi\u00e1 r\u00e9t l\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n sang Nam b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u. V\u00ec v\u1eady s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed m\u00f9a h\u00e8 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf tr\u00ean b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1ed5 sung cho kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng co l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u kia. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng Nam hay B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u v\u1eabn l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao, m\u00f9a h\u00e8 kh\u00ed \u00e1p th\u1ea5p. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Kh\u00ed \u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. 103. V\u00ec sao g\u1ea7n trung t\u00e2m v\u00f9ng kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao n\u00f3i chung th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft trong s\u00e1ng? Tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 kh\u00ed \u00e1p b\u1eb1ng nhau \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong kh\u00e9p k\u00edn. Kh\u00ed \u00e1p trong v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng chung quanh, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng kh\u00ed \u00e1p T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","cao (g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng cao \u00e1p). Trong khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao, ta lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng kh\u00ed \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cao, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m cao \u00e1p. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00ed \u00e1p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb cho \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a trung t\u00e2m cao \u00e1p. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 khi \u0110\u00e0i ph\u00e1t thanh \u0111\u01b0a tin: \\\"G\u1ea7n T\u1ebf Nam c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m cao \u00e1p 1035 mPa\\\", t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u1edf v\u00f9ng T\u1ebf Nam \u0111ang b\u1ecb kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf. C\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 kh\u00ed \u00e1p th\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng nhau \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong kh\u00e9p k\u00edn. Kh\u00ed \u00e1p trong v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00f9ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng kh\u00ed \u00e1p th\u1ea5p (g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 \u00e1p th\u1ea5p). Trong khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00ed \u00e1p th\u1ea5p, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00ed \u00e1p \u1edf v\u00f9ng th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m \u00e1p th\u1ea5p. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u00e1p th\u1ea5p n\u00e0y. Th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u00e1p th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau? Nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed7 tr\u0169ng. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u0169ng th\u1ebf, n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao ch\u1ea3y sang ch\u1ed7 kh\u00ed \u00e1p th\u1ea5p. V\u00ec Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 quay g\u00e2y ra l\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi do m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng n\u00ean s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u0169ng ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 ma s\u00e1t. Khi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng cong s\u1ebd s\u1ea3n sinh ra l\u1ef1c ly t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, n\u00ean nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao \u1edf B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ea1y quanh trung t\u00e2m kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao thu\u1eadn theo chi\u1ec1u kim \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u00ean tr\u00ean cao s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1eeb b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed5 sung, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean cao ch\u1ed7 g\u1ea7n trung t\u00e2m \u00e1p cao s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng sang ch\u1ed7 th\u1ea5p. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed7 th\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng cao, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ebd b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i, cho n\u00ean g\u1ea7n trung t\u00e2m \u00e1p cao n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft trong s\u00e1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i trong khu v\u1ef1c \u00e1p th\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u kim \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 chung quanh trung t\u00e2m \u00e1p th\u1ea5p. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ed1n chung quanh kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m \u00e1p th\u1ea5p, khi\u1ebfn cho kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf trung t\u00e2m \u00e1p th\u1ea5p b\u1ecb h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed bay l\u00ean cao th\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u00e2y v\u00e0 m\u01b0a, do \u0111\u00f3 trong khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00ed \u00e1p th\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft u \u00e1m. Cao \u00e1p hay th\u1ea5p \u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 so v\u1edbi chung quanh m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. M\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u00f3i chung kh\u00ed \u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00ed \u00e1p \u1edf m\u1ee9c 1015 mPa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m cao \u00e1p. \u0110\u1ebfn m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u00e1p c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao cho n\u00ean c\u0169ng kh\u00ed \u00e1p 1015 mPa \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m kh\u00ed \u00e1p th\u1ea5p. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Trung t\u00e2m cao \u00e1p; Trung t\u00e2m \u00e1p th\u1ea5p. 104. V\u00ec sao v\u00f9ng \u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c cao \u00e1p kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ea5m? T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u00f9ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0110\u00f4ng Nam ch\u00e2u \u00c1, \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u00f4n \u0111\u1edbi. Gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u00f4n \u0111\u1edbi, tr\u1eeb v\u00f9ng l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ra, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 quanh n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf, trong kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao \u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi\\\". Kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao \u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi tuy quanh n\u0103m kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n v\u00f9ng \u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i tu\u1ef3 theo s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f9a m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch gi\u1eefa hai v\u00f9ng Nam B\u1eafc. N\u00f3i chung m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, m\u00f9a h\u00e8 thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Trong m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 quy lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 l\u00fac m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01a1i l\u1ec7ch theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2y, c\u00f3 l\u00fac y\u1ebfu xu\u1ed1ng ph\u00eda nam nh\u01b0ng h\u01a1i d\u1ecbch sang ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 gi\u1eefa m\u00f9a thu \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n, kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao \u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh l\u00ean n\u00ean c\u00f3 l\u00fac s\u1ebd l\u1ea5n sang m\u1ea5y t\u1ec9nh v\u00f9ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f4ng nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ea5y t\u1ec9nh duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f4ng nam s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u1ea5m \u00e1p. V\u00ec sao m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao \u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u1ea5m \u00e1p? Kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao \u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7ng r\u1ea5t cao ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf t\u1ea7ng th\u1ea5p l\u1edbn h\u01a1n t\u1ea7ng cao, cho n\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ebd b\u1ecb n\u00e9n, l\u00e0m cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khi ta b\u01a1m xe, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong b\u01a1m v\u00ec b\u1ecb n\u00e9n m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng cao. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafng xu\u1ed1ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u0103ng cao n\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng m\u00e2y d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i, l\u00e0m cho th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft tr\u1edf n\u00ean trong s\u00e1ng. V\u1edbi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft trong s\u00e1ng, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh n\u1eafng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed g\u1ea7n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t n\u00f3ng, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng t\u0103ng cao, do \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u1ea5m \u00e1p. Cho n\u00ean khi kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao \u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00f4ng nam duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, n\u1ebfu kh\u00ed \u00e1p \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00f3ng. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao \u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi. 105. V\u00ec sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o? M\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i. M\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 to ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, l\u00e0m s\u1eadp nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda, g\u00e2y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u00fac v\u1eadt. V\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 tan m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? Mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ph\u00e1 m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m r\u00f5 m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1eadp v\u1ee1 c\u1ee5c m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh \u1edf trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ebft b\u00e1m v\u00e0o ph\u00f4i khi\u1ebfn cho ph\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1 to d\u1ea7n, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e1. Cho n\u00ean trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 mu\u1ed1n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ph\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1 tan m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm v\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u then ch\u1ed1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh trong m\u00e2y. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","C\u00f3 m\u1ea5y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh. B\u1eafn ph\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ed1c l\u00ean cao, ho\u1eb7c r\u1eafc nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t h\u00fat \u1ea9m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh khi\u1ebfn cho h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed1c l\u00ean s\u1edbm h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ed1c l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho th\u00eam nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t b\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ebft s\u1edbm ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1, l\u00e0m cho ph\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 to th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e1, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 khi r\u01a1i v\u00e0o l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao m\u00e0 ch\u1ea3y th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u00eam s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ebft, l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ebft h\u1ea5p thu nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ed1c l\u00ean cao, l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh ch\u01b0a b\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o ph\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed1c l\u00ean cao \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi -30\u00b0C v\u00ec v\u1eady l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ea5y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u00e3 cho ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho m\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1. V\u00ec ph\u00e1 m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed r\u1eafc ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c, cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y bay, t\u00ean l\u1eeda, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1n ph\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 r\u1eafc ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c. \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng hay m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 nh\u01b0 N\u1ed9i M\u00f4ng, S\u01a1n T\u00e2y, T\u1ee9 Xuy\u00ean, Cam T\u00fac, v.v. \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i ph\u00e1 m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cho n\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: M\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1; Ph\u00e1 m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o; Ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c. 106. V\u00ec sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u01b0a nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o? \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p tai n\u1ea1n h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n, t\u0103ng th\u00eam thu ho\u1ea1ch m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng r\u1eafc ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c trong m\u00e2y khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Mu\u1ed1n g\u00e2y m\u01b0a nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00e2y m\u01b0a, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00e2y. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft m\u00e2y l\u00e0 do h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Th\u1ef1c ra m\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i: m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \\\"m\u00e2y l\u1ea1nh\\\". To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i m\u00e2y n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 0\u00b0C, lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"m\u00e2y n\u00f3ng\\\", nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e2y n\u00e0y tr\u00ean 0\u00b0C. M\u00e2y l\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 do c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m do tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng l\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 0\u00b0C, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh, ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n 0\u00b0C. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y l\u1ea1nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 do tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh n\u00f3i chung r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y l\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh. M\u00e2y l\u1ea1nh trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eeba c\u00f3 gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng, n\u1ebfu ta cho ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u00e0o khi\u1ebfn cho trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng th\u00ec nh\u1eefng tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng, khi\u1ebfn cho n\u00f3 to d\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ed1c l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee1 n\u1ed5i n\u1eefa, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi 0\u00b0C s\u1ebd tan th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc, bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a. Mu\u1ed1n khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c: m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 b\u0103ng kh\u00f4 (kh\u00ed cacbonic \u1edf th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn), n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong m\u00e2y, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng. M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u0103ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh b\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c khi\u1ebfn cho h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e2y qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh b\u0103ng. Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 b\u1ea1c io\u0111ua. Khi d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y bay hay t\u00ean l\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ea1n ph\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c khinh kh\u00ed c\u1ea7u, ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai nh\u1edd lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00f3 n\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eafc ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u00e0o m\u00e2y l\u1ea1nh, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u00ec \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ec5 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a. C\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01b0a, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u00ec trong m\u00e2y tuy c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t m\u00e2y nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o trong m\u00e2y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u01a1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc to, nh\u1ecf kh\u00e1c nhau, qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau m\u1edbi l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a. Cho n\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u1ea5m mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i cho ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c h\u00fat \u1ea9m, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 mu\u1ed1i \u0103n, n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i, canxi clorua, v.v.. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y bay, t\u00ean l\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ea1n ph\u00e1o, ho\u1eb7c khinh kh\u00ed c\u1ea7u r\u1eafc v\u00e0o m\u00e2y. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eafn ph\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt m\u00e2y trong m\u00e2y \u1ea5m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau. M\u01b0a nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed g\u1ea7n 50 n\u0103m nay. Hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i m\u1edbi g\u00e2y th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. M\u1ea5y n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u01b0a nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1n th\u00ec c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: M\u01b0a nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o; B\u0103ng kh\u00f4; B\u1ea1c io\u0111ua. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","107. V\u00ec sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o? S\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh. Khi c\u00f3 m\u00f9 s\u1ebd c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, do \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt xa nh\u00ecn kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn giao th\u00f4ng. \u00d4 t\u00f4, t\u00e0u b\u00e8, m\u00e1y bay, v.v. \u0111i trong s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb tai n\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u00e2n bay c\u00f3 s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh hay h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng. \u1ede v\u00f9ng n\u00fai khi s\u00e2n bay c\u00f3 s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9, h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh d\u1ec5 \u0111\u00e2m v\u00e0o n\u00fai. V\u00ec v\u1eady ph\u00e1 s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 cho nh\u1eefng s\u00e2n bay nhi\u1ec1u s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. \u1ede c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Aiment\u01a1phu bang Alasca M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1 m\u00f9 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, qu\u00e9t m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh lang trong kh\u00f4ng trung khi\u1ebfn cho 185 m\u00e1y bay an to\u00e0n c\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh. S\u1edf d\u0129 s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn l\u00e0 v\u00ec c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00f9 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 tia s\u00e1ng t\u1eeb v\u1eadt m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eadp \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi m\u00e0 n\u00f3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 l\u00ean c\u00e1c tia s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u1ebfu \u0111i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tia s\u00e1ng ch\u1eadp l\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tia s\u00e1ng t\u1eeb m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1 tan s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt. C\u00f3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1 tan s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00f9 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00f9 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00f9 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, v.v. khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00f9 ho\u00e1 kh\u00ed, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u1eabn v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1m m\u00f9, l\u00e0m cho kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00f9 t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00e3o ho\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng b\u00e3o ho\u00e0, c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00f9 s\u1ebd b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1m m\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng xe qu\u1ea1t gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y bay tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng bay \u0111i bay l\u1ea1i quanh m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00f9 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i nhanh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1m m\u00f9 d\u00e0y 300 m, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00f9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 300 m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5 - 10 ph\u00fat. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m cho m\u00f9 l\u1eafng xu\u1ed1ng n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 r\u1eafc ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t h\u00fat \u1ea9m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00f9 qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1eafc b\u0103ng kh\u00f4, b\u1ea1c io\u0111ua, ho\u1eb7c \u1edf ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00f3 c\u1ee7a s\u00e2n bay cho b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng propan, khi\u1ebfn cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng b\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u1eefng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng, l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng n\u00e0y to l\u00ean, n\u1eb7ng m\u00e0 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang d\u1ec5 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u01b0a. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 \u1ea5m m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1eafc mu\u1ed1i \u0103n, ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd h\u00fat h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9, gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e3o ho\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9, khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt m\u00f9 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i. Theo th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 \u1ea5m, d\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y hoen g\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i. Khi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c h\u00fat \u1ea9m c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft m\u00e0 to \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, khi\u1ebfn cho t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn s\u00e2n bay s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","\u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tan m\u00f9 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Gi\u1ecdt m\u00f9 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i; Gi\u1ecdt m\u00f9 l\u1eafng xu\u1ed1ng; Tan m\u00f9 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. 108. V\u00ec sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf s\u00e9t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o? Tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn l\u1ea7n s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh. S\u00e9t c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t c\u00fa s\u00e9t b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n sinh d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n 10 v\u1ea1n ampe v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 4 x 106 jun. Lu\u1ed3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 khi g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng tai ho\u1ea1 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u00fang t\u00ean l\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y bay tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cao t\u1ea7ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebb tan c\u00e2y c\u1ed5 th\u1ee5, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xo\u1eafn cong nh\u1eefng thanh kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay s\u00fac v\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng s\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a s\u00e9t, tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ra nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1eafp cho b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t c\u00f3 l\u00fac c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc mong mu\u1ed1n: \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u01b0a nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, ph\u00e1 m\u00f9, ph\u00e1 m\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c tr\u00e1nh s\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? Ng\u00e0y nay \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, m\u1ea5y n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ra ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 r\u1eafc c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ebft trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y gi\u00f4ng. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf, khi trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i gi\u1ecdt tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1m tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd s\u1ea3n sinh nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t mang \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ebfu r\u1eafc m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn i\u1ed1t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ec io\u0111ua v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y gi\u00f4ng, khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t x\u00fac t\u00e1c th\u00e0nh tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho s\u1ed1 gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec1u, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t mang \u0111i\u1ec7n, khi\u1ebfn cho s\u00e9t kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 r\u1eafc nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee3i nil\u00f4ng m\u1ea1 kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y gi\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c s\u1ee3i kim lo\u1ea1i \u1edf trong \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1nh s\u1ebd s\u1ea3n sinh ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, khi\u1ebfn cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n v\u00e0o trong kh\u00f4ng trung, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n sinh ra s\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m tan \u0111i\u1ec7n trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y gi\u00f4ng. Khi \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y gi\u00f4ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u00e2y s\u00e9t, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eafn ph\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c t\u00ean l\u1eeda v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 n\u1ed5 trong \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ea1n n\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed c\u00f3 kh\u00ed \u00e1p v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, g\u00e2y ra kh\u00ed nhanh ch\u00f3ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh s\u00f3ng xung k\u00edch l\u00e0m y\u1ebfu c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong m\u00e2y, khi\u1ebfn cho \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y s\u00e9t, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u tinh th\u1ec3 b\u0103ng trong m\u00e2y, khi\u1ebfn cho \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong m\u00e2y gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y s\u00e9t. \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m y\u1ebfu khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. Ch\u00fang ta tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ph\u00e1 tan s\u00e9t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Ph\u00e1 s\u00e9t nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. 109. V\u00ec sao tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chung quanh? C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i cho v\u1ec7 sinh th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u0103m 1999 \u1edf B\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t sinh s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111ioxin, n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1eefa b\u00f2 do B\u1ec9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00f3ng l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng c\u1ea3nh t\u1ec9nh cho to\u00e0n nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Cho n\u00ean ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, s\u1ea1ch ho\u00e1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 do kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u00e2y n\u00ean. Mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong s\u1ea1ch ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i do t\u1eebng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ea3i ra. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed chung quanh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ea3i ra cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i n\u00e0y g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng v\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 chung quanh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. Vi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf thu\u1ed9c S\u1edf Kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh thu\u1ef7 l\u1ee3i \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ed1 2 \u1edf Th\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ed3ng Kh\u1ea9u Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a khu B\u1ea3o S\u01a1n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i, \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed sunfur\u01a1 v\u00e0 b\u1ee5i chung quanh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ee9c gi\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Qua s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0a ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00ean d\u00f9ng than h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh th\u1ea5p h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea3i. N\u1ebfu v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 h\u1ea1n ng\u1ea1ch th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ng\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo Lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, khi\u1ebfn cho m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u00edch c\u1ef1c s\u1ebd h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng nh\u1eefng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i do nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ea3i ra. V\u00ec v\u1eady s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, m\u01b0a axit c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u n\u00f3ng l\u00ean s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3, M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, thu\u1ef7 tri\u1ec1u, v.v.. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea3i ra kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecb t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","110. Th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 g\u00ec v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh? Trong \\\"Tam qu\u1ed1c di\u1ec5n ngh\u0129a\\\" Kh\u1ed5ng Minh m\u01b0\u1ee3n gi\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng ho\u1ea3 thi\u00eau tr\u1eadn X\u00edch B\u00edch. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i Kh\u1ed5ng Minh sau \u0110\u00f4ng ch\u00ed m\u01b0\u1ee3n lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00f3 l\u1ea1nh tr\u00e0n xu\u1ed1ng ph\u00eda nam, lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed \u00e1p cao tr\u00e0n ra bi\u1ec3n, Trung v\u00e0 H\u1ea1 l\u01b0u Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Giang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean gi\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng nam, m\u01b0\u1ee3n lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00f3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng doanh tr\u1ea1i T\u00e0o Th\u00e1o, l\u1ea5y \u00edt th\u1eafng nhi\u1ec1u, g\u00e2y cho qu\u00e2n T\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea1i. Trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai, n\u0103m 1941 qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1nh l\u00e9n Tr\u00e2n Ch\u00e2u C\u1ea3ng, h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 men theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i ph\u00eda b\u1eafc \u1edf B\u1eafc v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 40 (gi\u00f3 t\u00e2y th\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh xu\u1ed1ng, kh\u00ed \u00e1p th\u1ea5p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh) tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0110\u00e0i kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y tr\u00ean chuy\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i cho n\u00ean h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch ph\u00eda b\u1eafc Tr\u00e2n Ch\u00e2u C\u1ea3ng 200 h\u1ea3i l\u00fd, c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n xu\u1ea5t k\u00edch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, ch\u1ec9 hai gi\u1edd sau khi\u1ebfn cho h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i to l\u1edbn. H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 cho m\u00e1y bay Nh\u1eadt, cao x\u1ea1 ph\u00e1o c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o b\u1eafn tr\u00fang. Xong s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn: \\\"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0i kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o\\\". Ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1945 khi M\u1ef9 n\u00e9m bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed xu\u1ed1ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, v\u00ec d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u00ean khi m\u00e1y bay bay \u0111\u1ebfn khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt nh\u01b0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u00ec ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e2y, t\u00ecm kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i bay \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng, kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. \u0110ang l\u00fac l\u00fang t\u00fang th\u00ec b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y tan ra, phi c\u00f4ng n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 n\u00e9m bom xu\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00fang cao x\u1ea1 c\u00e0ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t h\u01a1n. S\u1ee9c c\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n bay l\u00e0 do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Gi\u00f3 l\u1edbn c\u0169ng l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n bay sai l\u1ec7ch. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 cao x\u1ea1 ph\u00e1o 100 mm khi b\u1eafn n\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 bay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i 10 m\/s th\u00ec c\u1ef1 ly chi\u1ec1u ngang s\u1ebd b\u1ecb r\u00fat ng\u1eafn 140 m, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111i l\u1ec7ch sang tr\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c sang ph\u1ea3i 114 m. N\u0103m 1943 - 1945 Nh\u1eadt l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng khinh kh\u00ed c\u1ea7u \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 h\u01a1i l\u1ec7ch v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y n\u00e9m bom napan sang qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng l\u1edbn. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u1eeda t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn. V\u1ec1 sau c\u0103n c\u1ee9 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft m\u1edbi t\u1ec9nh ra s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt n\u00e0y. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u1eafn t\u00ean l\u1eeda c\u0169ng li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1999 kh\u1ed1i Nato do M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch Nam T\u01b0. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00e9m bom, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 Bin Clint\u01a1n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng v\u0169 kh\u00ed tinh x\u1ea3o n\u1eafm trong tay tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 trong hai ng\u00e0y b\u1eaft Nam T\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, kh\u1ed1i Nato \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn qu\u1ea3 t\u00ean l\u1eeda, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 20% m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi Nam T\u01b0 m\u00e2y m\u00f9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c, cho n\u00ean d\u00f9 m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 t\u00ean l\u1eeda r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac con ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0m v\u0169 kh\u00ed gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u01b0a nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u01b0a b\u00e3o l\u1edbn, l\u00e0m s\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u00e2y m\u01b0a nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o axit, nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e1o, xe t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00ec hoen g\u1ec9 m\u00e0 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 th\u1ee7ng t\u1ea7ng ozon \u0111\u1ec3 cho tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh. Cho d\u00f9 l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tr\u1eadn c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i hay chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \\\"Binh ph\u00e1p T\u00f4n T\u1eed\\\" \u0111\u00e3 xem y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong n\u0103m y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","111. V\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e2n bay \u0111\u00f3ng hay m\u1edf c\u1eeda? Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft m\u00e1y bay l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 giao th\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch c\u1ef1 ly xa. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh, h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 bay th\u01b0\u1eddng do g\u1eb7p th\u1eddi gi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, ho\u1eb7c bay quanh, c\u00f3 l\u00fac th\u1eadm ch\u00ed x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 khi s\u00e2n bay xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 ho\u1eb7c m\u00e2y th\u1ea5p th\u00ec m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh hay h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft m\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh hay h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tai n\u1ea1n ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bay n\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y s\u00e9t, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed nhi\u1ec5u \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh, n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i bay quanh, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i nh\u1ea7m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3. Khi tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng c\u00f3 tuy\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c b\u0103ng s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1y bay ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng, c\u00f3 l\u00fac ch\u1ea1y ra ngo\u00e0i, v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m. V\u1eady trong ba kh\u00e2u c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh, h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 bay th\u00ec kh\u00e2u n\u00e0o d\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t sinh tai n\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t? C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 60 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: 56% s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t sinh khi h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh, 19% ph\u00e1t sinh khi c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh. C\u1ea3 hai kh\u00e2u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn 3\/4 s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. \u0110\u1eebng xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3ng hay m\u1edf c\u1eeda s\u00e2n bay. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng qua \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 quan tr\u1eafc so s\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, r\u00fat ra \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3ng hay m\u1edf c\u1eeda s\u00e2n bay l\u00e0: \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y d\u01b0\u1edbi 1000 km, \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a m\u00e2y th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 10 km, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i xi\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 12 m\/s th\u00ec s\u00e2n bay ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean th\u00ec m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 ch\u1edd l\u1ec7nh. D\u00f9 m\u00e1y bay s\u1eafp h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i nghe l\u1ec7nh ch\u1ec9 huy, h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh xu\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng s\u00e2n bay c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft t\u1ed1t \u1edf g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. Sau khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u00e1y bay gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao. Qua \u0111\u00f3 ta th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf hay \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda s\u00e2n bay quan tr\u1ecdng bi\u1ebft bao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: S\u00e2n bay; S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 bay. 112. V\u00ec sao Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i k\u00fd k\u1ebft C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc khung bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu? Ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1992, \u1edf New york, to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd \\\"C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 khung bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu\\\". Qua \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u xa \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII, c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn than v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, khi\u1ebfn cho h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed cacbonic trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n t\u0103ng l\u00ean h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 xu th\u1ebf t\u0103ng l\u00ean theo h\u00ecnh sin. Theo nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf: g\u1ea7n 100 n\u0103m nay nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 0,5\u00b0C, trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 80 so T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 70 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 0,3\u00b0C. N\u1ebfu c\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n nay 3\u00b0C. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u1edf v\u00f9ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd d\u00e2ng cao 40 - 70 cm, c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i B\u1ed9t H\u1ea3i, tam gi\u00e1c ch\u00e2u Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Giang, tam gi\u00e1c ch\u00e2u s\u00f4ng Ch\u00e2u Giang v\u00e0 t\u00f4 b\u1eafc, b\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y \u0110\u00e0i Loan kh\u00f4ng \u00edt ch\u1ed7 th\u1ea5p s\u1ebd b\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp. Nh\u1eefng th\u1eafng c\u1ea3nh du l\u1ecbch \u1edf b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc \u0110\u1edbi H\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i du l\u1ecbch, nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea3i c\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i, c\u1ed1ng ch\u1eafn n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1eadp ng\u0103n thu\u1ef7 tri\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u00fang s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea5y. V\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng cao, n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u00e1n h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 sa m\u1ea1c ho\u00e1 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng nhanh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng Zimbabu\u00ea, M\u00f4z\u0103mbich, Z\u0103mbia v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Nam Phi, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ebfng \u0111ang kh\u00f4 d\u1ea7n, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng x\u1ea5u \u0111i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1ed1t \u0111ang tho\u00e1i ho\u00e1 th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i l\u00f9m c\u00e2y, th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh sa m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 b\u00e1n sa m\u1ea1c. Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea5m l\u00ean c\u00f2n khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m lan tr\u00e0n. N\u0103m 1994 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft n\u00f3ng 38\u00b0C k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 90 ng\u00e0y, chu\u1ed9t hoang ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 g\u00e2y n\u00ean b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng Xulat\u01a1 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n hai t\u1ec9 USD. N\u0103m 1995 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao khi\u1ebfn cho h\u01a1n 14 v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft n\u00f3ng l\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng bi\u1ebft bao. V\u00ec v\u1eady Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng k\u00fd k\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 khung bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1t than v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u00ed cacbonic bay v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u0103ng cao, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed1t, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. 113. Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, th\u01b0\u1eddng mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \\\"Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn? Ban \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng?\\\" T\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, khi \u0111\u00f3 khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, do \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u00f3c t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, khoa h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eefa. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u0103n c\u1ee9. Qua h\u01a1n 200 n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 lu\u1eadn b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh \\\"thuy\u1ebft tinh v\u00e2n\\\". Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y do Kant, nh\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0a ra n\u0103m 1755. \u00d4ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1eafc thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 cho r\u1eb1ng: trong V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 r\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t n\u00e0y chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng xo\u00e1y tr\u00f2n chung quanh trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trung t\u00e2m h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh tinh nh\u01b0 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c. V\u1ec1 sau \\\"Thuy\u1ebft tinh v\u00e2n\\\" n\u00e0y d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c Th\u00e1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ec7. Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 trong h\u1ec7 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ec7. Theo suy \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n th\u00ec c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 6,6 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m, h\u1ec7 Ng\u00e2n H\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t v\u1ee5n n\u00e1t ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c, qua s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 5 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n kh\u00ed th\u1ec3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, t\u1ed1i \u0111en, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh, l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 lo\u00e3ng (bao g\u1ed3m oxi, n\u00eaong, cacbonmonoxit, m\u00eatan, kh\u00ed cacbonic, amoniac,\u2026) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ee5i tinh v\u00e2n (than ch\u00ec, qu\u1eb7ng s\u1eaft, mu\u1ed1i, axit silic) chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u kim \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 trong v\u1ecb tr\u00ed Th\u00e1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ec7 ng\u00e0y nay, co ng\u00f3t d\u1ea7n, nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng t\u1eadp trung \u1edf b\u00ean trong, nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt nh\u1eb9 \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, v\u1ec1 sau nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh tinh. Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 4,6 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb tr\u00ean M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1, d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a v\u1eabn th\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i suy \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 4,6 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m. Ngo\u00e0i ra th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eabn th\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nham th\u1ea1ch c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nhau. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tinh c\u1ea7u trong Th\u00e1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi. V\u00ec v\u1eady ta g\u1ecdi th\u1eddi gian 4,6 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Thi\u00ean v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, g\u1ecdi qu\u00e3ng th\u1eddi gian 4,6 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb 4,6 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay. Nh\u01b0ng sau khi Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u00ec 800 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u (c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 4,6 - 3,8 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc) b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 suy \u0111o\u00e1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng, Ho\u1ea3 Tinh, Thu\u1ef7 Tinh, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ed1 v\u1eabn th\u1ea1ch va ch\u1ea1m t\u1ea1o n\u00ean. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 4,1 - 3,9 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00e1c v\u1eabn th\u1ea1ch va ch\u1ea1m d\u1eef d\u1ed9i nh\u1ea5t, trong t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t xa x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 n\u00fai l\u1eeda tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 4,4 - 4,3 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ea7ng, c\u00f3 v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, l\u1edbp c\u00f9i v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 4 - 3,8 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111i v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t ho\u00e1. S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n sau th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t; Thuy\u1ebft tinh v\u00e2n. 114. Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau tu\u1ed5i? Qua m\u1ed9t n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u0103ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t tu\u1ed5i. M\u1ed9t n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 qu\u00e3ng th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eafn l\u1eafm, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t th\u00ec th\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u00e1y m\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 4,5 - 4,6 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m. 4,5 - 4,6 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn bi\u1ebft bao! Ch\u1eb3ng tr\u00e1ch ban \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Niut\u01a1n, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh t\u1eebng cho r\u1eb1ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","h\u01a1n 6.000 tu\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t \u00edt. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 suy \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \\\"Th\u00e1nh kinh\\\". Ch\u1eb3ng tr\u00e1ch m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn hoang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t! V\u1eady con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 suy \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t? C\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n. N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1i. Mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng mang m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed5 ra bi\u1ec3n. V\u1eady ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m c\u00e1c s\u00f4ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi mang \u0111\u1ed5 ra bi\u1ec3n, l\u1ea5y t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mu\u1ed1i trong bi\u1ec3n chia cho s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 n\u00ean s\u1ed1 mu\u1ed1i trong bi\u1ec3n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf - kho\u1ea3ng 100 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m. Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, b\u1edfi v\u00ec khi bi\u1ec3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u00ec Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa s\u1ed1 mu\u1ed1i c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng mang ra bi\u1ec3n h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ed1ng nhau, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa mu\u1ed1i trong bi\u1ec3n c\u0169ng b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean b\u1edd n\u00ean m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb bi\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1edbp tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi n\u0103m th\u00e1ng l\u1edbp tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh nham th\u1ea1ch - nham tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch. Theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, c\u1ee9 3.000 - 10.000 n\u0103m l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch d\u00e0y 1 m. \u0110\u00e1 tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong c\u00e1c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, ch\u1ed7 d\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 bao nhi\u1ec1u? C\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 1.000 m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd t\u00ednh ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e1 tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch n\u00e0y m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 300 - 1.000 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a b\u1eb1ng tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, b\u1edfi v\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch th\u00ec Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb l\u00e2u. Xem ra c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 trong Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb do n\u00f3 ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 sinh ra. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 \u0111i bao nhi\u00eau, sinh ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t m\u1edbi bao nhi\u00eau r\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i chi ph\u1ed1i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 urani mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 th\u00e0nh ch\u00ec v\u00e0 h\u00eali, nguy\u00ean t\u1eed l\u01b0\u1ee3ng urani l\u00e0 238, c\u1ee9 kho\u1ea3ng 4,5 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m n\u00f3 s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng urani v\u00e0 ch\u00ec c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau trong \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh ra tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a nham th\u1ea1ch. V\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 do nham th\u1ea1ch c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean 3 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb do n\u00f3 sinh ra trong v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 n\u00e0y c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong nham th\u1ea1ch, ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 cho n\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau. Tuy c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc. Tu\u1ed5i v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u00edt h\u01a1n tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, b\u1edfi v\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t th\u00ec Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1edf t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y v\u00e0o th\u00ec tu\u1ed5i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 4,5 -4,6 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m. C\u00f2n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng trong V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5, nh\u1eefng tinh c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Tu\u1ed5i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","115. T\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o? Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u tr\u00f2n. Ng\u00e0y nay ngay m\u1ed9t em h\u1ecdc sinh ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi xa x\u01b0a kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ai bi\u1ebft Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u. V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng. H\u1ecd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi n\u01a1i ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi, n\u00ean h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. H\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng, h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \\\"Ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi g\u00f3c b\u1ec3\\\". Th\u1ef1c ra t\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f3. V\u1ec1 sau qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1edbi tin r\u1eb1ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"\u0110\u1ecba C\u1ea7u\\\" Nh\u01b0ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t to nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ? Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh. H\u01a1n 2.000 n\u0103m TCN m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 c\u1ed5 Hy L\u1ea1p l\u00e0 Aristot l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh di\u1ec7n t\u00edch Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u1ea3ng Alisan, Ai C\u1eadp. \u1ede Ax\u01b0oan ph\u00eda nam c\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i gi\u1ebfng kh\u00f4 r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u. H\u1eb1ng n\u0103m c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00fang tr\u01b0a ng\u00e0y H\u1ea1 ch\u00ed, M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu th\u1eb3ng xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y gi\u1ebfng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u01b0a ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ebfng, qua ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfu xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y gi\u1ebfng n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra ch\u00ednh bu\u1ed5i tr\u01b0a ng\u00e0y H\u1ea1 ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00f9ng Alexandre. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i c\u1ecdc d\u00e0i c\u1eafm th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3c chi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0a ng\u00e0y H\u1ea1 ch\u00ed l\u00e0 7,2o. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u00f4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch 7,2o n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 cong c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa hai v\u00f9ng Ax\u01b0oan v\u00e0 Alexandre g\u00e2y n\u00ean. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu vi c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 39.816 km. Tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi chu vi Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y nay t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u1ec1 sau c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, t\u00ednh ra Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u1edbn bao nhi\u00eau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tam gi\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh elip tr\u00f2n xoay, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecba C\u1ea7u. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o th\u1ef1c th\u00ec b\u00e1n k\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 6378,245 km, b\u00e1n k\u00ednh c\u1ef1c l\u00e0 6.356,863 km, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa b\u00e1n k\u00ednh x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh c\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 1\/298,3. N\u1ebfu ta c\u0103n c\u1ee9 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh l\u00e0 298,3 m th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa b\u00e1n k\u00ednh c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 1 mm. Cho n\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 6371,2 km. Bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n k\u00ednh ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu vi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00f2n x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o kho\u1ea3ng 40.075,696 km, t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 510 tri\u1ec7u km2. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. 116. V\u00ec sao \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a n\u00fai ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0m chu\u1ea9n? T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","\u0110\u1ec9nh n\u00fai Ch\u00f4m\u00f4lungma (Everet) cao 8.844,13 m. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u00f3i t\u1eeb ch\u00e2n n\u00fai \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai cao 8.844,13 m, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao t\u00ednh t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n. V\u1eady t\u1ea1i v\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y chu\u1ea9n \u0111o chi\u1ec1u cao l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n? Nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, mu\u1ed1n so s\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 chu\u1ea9n. N\u1ebfu ta l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m chu\u1ea9n th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a n\u00fai c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng s\u1ebd \u0111o theo \u0111i\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng khi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nhau th\u00ec s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ec m\u01b0a gi\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i. V\u00ec v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111o kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m. Tuy m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 cao m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, bi\u1ec3n l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n bao v\u00e2y c\u00e1c l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o, cho n\u00ean d\u00f9ng m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0m \\\"\u0111i\u1ec3m 0\\\" \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t. Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea5y m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng H\u1ea3i \u1edf Thanh \u0110\u1ea3o l\u00e0m \u201c\u0111i\u1ec3m 0\\\" \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 tr\u00ean b\u1edd d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o l\u1ea5y \\\"\u0111i\u1ec3m 0\\\" l\u00e0m chu\u1ea9n th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ebd ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eebng ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u0111o n\u00fai cao l\u1ea5y m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0m chu\u1ea9n ra, khi \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0m chu\u1ea9n. Th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y ta hay n\u00f3i ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y cao h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n bao nhi\u00eau m\u00e9t, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed9 cao tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n. Bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u bao nhi\u00eau m\u00e9t t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n bao nhi\u00eau. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: M\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n. 117. C\u00e1c kinh, v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? M\u1edf m\u1ed9t trang b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1eb7c quay qu\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ecba C\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00e0n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ea1ch ngang d\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t quy chu\u1ea9n. C\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 th\u1eb3ng, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0129 v\u00e0 kinh tuy\u1ebfn. C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh ra kinh tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi \u0111i t\u00e0u tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean sa m\u1ea1c, bay tr\u00ean r\u1eebng r\u1eadm, n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u th\u00ec c\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn kinh v\u00e0 v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kinh, v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t quay quanh tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n hai c\u1ef1c nam - b\u1eafc xuy\u00ean qua trung t\u00e2m. N\u1ebfu ta d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng c\u1eaft vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u1edf gi\u1eefa th\u00ec s\u1ebd gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ta c\u1eaft qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0a h\u1ea5u l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f4i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 Nam b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u. Giao tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng n\u00e0y v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00f2n, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, trong \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o. Do \u0111\u00f3 T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c Nam C\u1ef1c. Tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u1ebd nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng song song v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn. Ta l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0m v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 0o, theo chi\u1ec1u nam v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u b\u1eafc, m\u1ed7i chi\u1ec1u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn 90o. Ph\u00eda nam x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 Nam, ph\u00eda b\u1eafc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 B\u1eafc. 90o v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 B\u1eafc l\u00e0 B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c, 90o v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 Nam l\u00e0 Nam C\u1ef1c. T\u1eeb B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn Nam C\u1ef1c, tr\u00ean qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u n\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00f2n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kinh tuy\u1ebfn. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kinh tuy\u1ebfn n\u00e0y ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o quan ni\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n l\u1ea5y kinh tuy\u1ebfn \u0111i qua th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m 0o, coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m chung cho to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kinh \u0111\u1ed9 0o, (ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kinh tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ed - ng\u1ecd g\u1ed1c). N\u0103m 1884, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb kinh \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u1edf Washington x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kinh tuy\u1ebfn \u0111i qua \u0111\u00e0i thi\u00ean v\u0103n Greenwich \u1edf London - th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh l\u00e0m kinh \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m chung cho to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kinh tuy\u1ebfn 0o. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ednh t\u1eeb kinh tuy\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, theo c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f4ng t\u00e2y, m\u1ed7i chi\u1ec1u 180o, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kinh \u0111\u1ed9 \u0110\u00f4ng, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kinh \u0111\u1ed9 T\u00e2y. Cho n\u00ean 180o kinh \u0110\u00f4ng tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi 180o kinh t\u00e2y, n\u00f3i chung g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kinh tuy\u1ebfn 180o. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m m\u1ed1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1edd qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y l\u00e0m chu\u1ea9n. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 B\u1eafc Kinh l\u00e0 39o54\u2019 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 B\u1eafc, kinh \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 116o19\u2019 kinh \u0110\u00f4ng th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kinh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng. Bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i quan s\u00e1t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a sao B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea9u l\u00ean cao bao nhi\u00eau so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1edf B\u1eafc Kinh th\u1ea5y sao B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea9u cao h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 40o th\u00ec v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 B\u1eafc Kinh l\u00e0 40o. Kinh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch v\u1edbi gi\u1edd qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh so v\u1edbi gi\u1edd qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf s\u1edbm h\u01a1n 7 h 46 min, ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1ch nhau 1 h th\u00ec ch\u00eanh nhau 15o. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh \u0111\u1ed9 B\u1eafc Kinh l\u00e0 116,5o kinh \u0110\u00f4ng. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: X\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o; Kinh tuy\u1ebfn; V\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn; Kinh tuy\u1ebfn g\u1ed1c Greenwich. 118. T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i \\\"\u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u\\\"? Ch\u1eafc b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ch\u01a1i nam ch\u00e2m. M\u1ea9u nam ch\u00e2m nho nh\u1ecf cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam. Kim nam ch\u00e2m v\u00ec sao ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam? Th\u1eddi x\u01b0a \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1600 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 trong cung \u0111\u00ecnh n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh l\u00e0 Gilbert \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Nguy\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, c\u1ef1c nam t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng (c\u1ef1c S) \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, c\u1ef1c b\u1eafc t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng (c\u1ef1c N) \u1edf c\u1ef1c nam Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00fat nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 c\u1ef1c nam. Song n\u0103m 1906, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 Buron khi kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t nham th\u1ea1ch n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00fai Simafu \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n: nham th\u1ea1ch \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, cho n\u00ean c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ef1c nam c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u nam, c\u00f2n c\u1ef1c b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a nam ch\u00e2m \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u nam c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafc. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u\\\". C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc qua nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u1eebng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t sinh c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea3o chi\u1ec1u. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ch\u1ec9 4,5 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u1ef1c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau. - T\u1eeb hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn 690 ng\u00e0n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \\\"Ch\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng Buron\\\". - T\u1eeb 690 ng\u00e0n n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn 2,53 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \\\"Ph\u1ea3n h\u01b0\u1edbng Sunsan\\\". - T\u1eeb 2,53 - 3,32 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \\\"Ch\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng Gaox\u01a1\\\". - T\u1eeb 3,32 - 4,50 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \\\"Ph\u1ea3n h\u01b0\u1edbng Gilbert\\\". Nh\u01b0ng trong m\u1ed7i th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 l\u00fac ph\u00e1t sinh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ef1c t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \\\"hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb t\u00ednh\\\". V\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \\\"ch\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng Buron\\\" \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ph\u00e1t sinh s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n h\u01b0\u1edbng \\\"Gi\u1ea3i X\\\" v\u00e0 \\\"Gi\u1ea3i V\\\". Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \\\"Ph\u1ea3n h\u01b0\u1edbng Susan\\\" \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ph\u00e1t sinh s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng \\\"Salmir\\\", \\\"Jirsai\\\". \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i su\u1ed1t trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, ch\u1eb3ng qua v\u00ec th\u1eddi gian xa qu\u00e1 n\u00ean ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. V\u1eady c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t sinh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i? \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u trong \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 va ch\u1ea1m m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eabn th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ra. V\u00ec va ch\u1ea1m m\u1ea1nh khi\u1ebfn cho t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong l\u00f2ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ef1c. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t trong h\u1ec7 Ng\u00e2n H\u00e0 c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi. V\u00ec b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ec7 Ng\u00e2n H\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00ean t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u0169ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ec7 Ng\u00e2n H\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. H\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 Ng\u00e2n H\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00ec t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed5i theo. L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng, t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c nhau r\u1ea5t xa. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Kim nam ch\u00e2m; T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. 119. C\u00e1c l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00f3? T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 hai s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n. Trong \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 29% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch bi\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfm 71%. V\u1eady l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00f3? T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i chia th\u00e0nh l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n? V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u b\u00ed m\u1eadt ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn cho r\u1eb1ng: Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u1edf th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ban \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 nhau, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u1edf th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00f3ng b\u1ecfng. V\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1ecf m\u1ecfng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Ngo\u00e0i v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n bao quanh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9. V\u1ec1 sau c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngu\u1ed9i \u0111i v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 co ng\u00f3t \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 co l\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t sinh ra l\u1ed3i l\u00f5m, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3 t\u00e1o b\u1ecb kh\u00f4, tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng n\u1ebfp nh\u0103n l\u1ed3i l\u00f5m. S\u1ef1 co ng\u00f3t c\u00f2n khi\u1ebfn cho v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1, do \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u00f3ng b\u1ecfng trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t phun ra theo c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t. L\u00e2u ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e1 macma phun ra n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5t cao, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00fai l\u1eeda nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 nham th\u1ea1ch c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ban \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Ch\u00e2u \u00dac, mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Nam C\u1ef1c v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n Nam ch\u00e2u Phi. Sau khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn phong ho\u00e1, x\u00e2m th\u1ef1c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt b\u1ecb v\u1ee5n n\u00e1t do phong ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 x\u00e2m th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn chung quanh \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ea7ng tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch xa x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t. V\u1ec1 sau c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e2u. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7ng tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u0169ng n\u1ed5i d\u1ea7n l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n, khi\u1ebfn cho di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o n\u1eb1m g\u1ea7n nhau, nh\u1edd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u00ean cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng k\u1ebft li\u1ec1n nhau th\u00e0nh l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba. \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh l\u1edbn. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn c\u00f3 khi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ea3ng nh\u1ecf. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u00ec v\u1eabn th\u1ea1ch va \u0111\u1eadp m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng h\u1ed1 l\u1ed3i l\u00f5m, b\u1ecb bi\u1ec3n nh\u1ea5n ch\u00ecm tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 sau khi ph\u00e1t sinh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea3ng, gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00ec tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t, va ch\u1ea1m m\u00e0 gh\u00e9p th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00e2u \u00c1. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00ec n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1, tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t m\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn duy nh\u1ea5t d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111i s\u00e2u, ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u g\u1ee3i \u00fd m\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u1ed1 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a v\u1eabn th\u1ea1ch \u1edf c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho r\u1eb1ng: S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y. Bi\u1ec3n ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3, c\u00f2n l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ec1 sau m\u1edbi sinh ra, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3, c\u00f2n bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng h\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 sau v\u1eabn th\u1ea1ch va ch\u1ea1m m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00ean. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y ta c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba. 120. Trong l\u00f2ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ng\u00e0y nay con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103m d\u00f2, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng trong l\u00f2ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ra sao th\u00ec hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t \u00edt. L\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng gi\u1ebfng khoan d\u1ea7u m\u00e0 n\u00f3i. Gi\u1ebfng khoan s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 10 km t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng 1\/630 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp quan s\u00e1t s\u00e2u h\u01a1n 10 km m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp. Ng\u00e0y nay d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ecba t\u1eeb, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ecba nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh lan truy\u1ec1n s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5n trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng: nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, c\u00e0ng \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e0ng cao, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u00e0ng d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c \u0111o trong nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ebfng m\u1ecf v\u00e0 gi\u1ebfng khoan, trong v\u00f2ng 10 km, c\u1ee9 s\u00e2u 100 m th\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 3\u00b0C. Tuy c\u00e1c n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c nhau r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i chung c\u00e0ng \u0111i s\u00e2u th\u00ec c\u00e0ng n\u00f3ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong t\u1ea7ng nham th\u1ea1ch \u1edf v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1edbp c\u00f9i (l\u1edbp manti) tr\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau. Ch\u1ed7 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t \u00edt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i. Nham th\u1ea1ch r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, n\u00f3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ra ngo\u00e0i. D\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea7ng nham th\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 1.000\u00b0C. Dung nham \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean l\u1edbp c\u00f9i phun ra, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean 1.000\u00b0C, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong l\u1edbp c\u00f9i r\u1ea5t cao. V\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1ebbo nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kim lo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi t\u1ea7ng nham th\u1ea1ch cho n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp c\u00f9i tr\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u1edbp c\u00f9i d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u00edt. Trong l\u00f2ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00ec v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong l\u00f2ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t cao nh\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 5.000\u00b0C. T\u1eeb m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn trung t\u00e2m Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0ng \u0111i s\u00e2u \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. T\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 9.000 at. T\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e1y l\u1edbp c\u00f9i kho\u1ea3ng 140 tri\u1ec7u at, \u1edf trung t\u00e2m Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 360 tri\u1ec7u at. V\u00ec v\u1eady trong l\u00f2ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi cao \u00f4n, cao \u00e1p (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao). V\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u00fang v\u1eabn \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea3y ch\u1eadm. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng, c\u1ea3 v\u00e0nh v\u00e0 l\u1edbp c\u00f9i \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean l\u1edbp c\u00f9i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0nh nham th\u1ea1ch m\u1edbi c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3. B\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u00f3ng ngang c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i qua nh\u00e2n Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng, nh\u00e2n Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u1ecfng. Qua nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n th\u00ec t\u1ea7ng ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e2n Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, c\u00f2n \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n b\u00e1n k\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 1.000 km l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn. V\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf cho n\u00ean ta r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 l\u1edbp v\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i si\u00eau \u0111\u1eb7c, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","Ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m n\u00ean v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nham th\u1ea1ch, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t trong l\u00f2ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. \u0110i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, \u1edf t\u00e2m Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 17 l\u1ea7n m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng, nh\u00e2n Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do Fe v\u00e0 Ni c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n ch\u1edd th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh. Ng\u00e0y nay tuy v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u00e2u trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t, song \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1eeb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp: v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 39 km, l\u1edbp c\u00f9i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 2900 km, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 n\u00f3i c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1. Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: V\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t; L\u1edbp c\u00f9i; nh\u00e2n Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","121. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o m\u1ea3ng? Cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 40 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi kh\u00f3i l\u1eeda Chi\u1ebfn tranh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai l\u1eafng xu\u1ed1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111ua nhau d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u0103m d\u00f2 h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1ng n\u00fai k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cao s\u1eebng s\u1eefng. \u0110i\u1ec1u qu\u00e1i l\u1ea1 l\u00e0, gi\u1eefa s\u1ed1ng n\u00fai \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ee9t ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo s\u1ed1ng n\u00fai. Trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ee9t n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh n\u00fai l\u1eeda ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ea1ch n\u00fai d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng n\u00fai \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y \u1edf b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa ch\u00fang c\u00f2n n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kinh ng\u1ea1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0, hai b\u00ean s\u1ed1ng n\u00fai d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng n\u00fai l\u1eeda d\u1ea1ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf nh\u1eefng ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau. L\u1ea5y s\u1ed1ng n\u00fai Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m th\u00ed d\u1ee5, ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng n\u00fai c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i n\u00fai l\u1eeda t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 1 d\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 32 ra \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau, \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y s\u1ed1ng n\u00fai t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i n\u00fai l\u1eeda t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 1 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 32 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi gian gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec? Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e2u gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, ch\u1ed7 s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trung t\u00e2m m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean. N\u00f3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t r\u00e3nh m\u00e1ng d\u00e0i, g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"r\u00e3nh bi\u1ec3n\\\". Ngo\u00e0i ra d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng nham th\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi r\u1ea5t tr\u1ebb c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi m\u1ea5y tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1ng n\u00fai ph\u00eda \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n th\u00ec tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a nham th\u1ea1ch c\u00e0ng tr\u1ebb. \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi m\u1ebb n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm t\u00f2i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e2u gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 60 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 Harry H. Hess \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00fd lu\u1eadn g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"t\u00e1ch gi\u00e3n \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n\\\". L\u00fd lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y cho r\u1eb1ng, s\u1ed1ng n\u00fai \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t m\u1edbi ra \u0111\u1eddi, cho n\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang c\u00f3 n\u00fai l\u1eeda ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t m\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbp v\u1ecf c\u0169 \u0111\u1ea9y ra xa s\u1ed1ng n\u00fai, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh hai b\u00ean x\u1ed1ng n\u00fai nh\u1eefng d\u1ea3i nham th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng. V\u00ec hai b\u00ean s\u1ed1ng n\u00fai \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, n\u00ean khi g\u1eb7p b\u1edd l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba th\u00ec ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1edd l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba, do \u0111\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng r\u00e3nh bi\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u. H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \\\"t\u00e1ch gi\u00e3n \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n\\\" tuy gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng chung c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. N\u0103m 1968, nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 Xavier Le Pichon sau khi ti\u1ebfp thu nh\u1eefng tinh tu\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \\\"t\u00e1ch gi\u00e3n \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n\\\" v\u00e0 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a Alfred Wegener, \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \\\"ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o m\u1ea3ng\\\" r\u1ea5t m\u1edbi l\u1ea1. \u00d4ng chia v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh s\u00e1u m\u1ea3ng. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y l\u1edbn b\u00e9 kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ea3ng b\u00e9 nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5y tri\u1ec7u km2, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y b\u00e9 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t n\u00f3i chung kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 100 km t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng m\u1ecfng cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u1ea3ng. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o m\u1ea3ng do Xavier Le Pichon s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp v\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n. L\u00fd lu\u1eadn ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t cho r\u1eb1ng: l\u1edbp v\u1ecf c\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t bao b\u1ecdc Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng nham th\u1ea1ch, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng n\u00fai \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, r\u00e3nh bi\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng g\u00e3y n\u1ebfp ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ea3ng. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00e1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n, c\u00f3 m\u1ea3ng v\u1eeba c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n v\u1eeba c\u00f3 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba. Gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u nhau bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch gi\u00e3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o nhau, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 hai m\u1ea3ng l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o nhau th\u00ec ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd d\u00e2ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch n\u00fai cao nh\u01b0 d\u00e3y n\u00fai Hymalaya. N\u1ebfu m\u1ea3ng l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 m\u1ea3ng h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 nhau th\u00ec m\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd chui xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ea3ng l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng m\u00e1ng bi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea3o. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u ho\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111i c\u00e1ch xa m\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c. L\u00fd lu\u1eadn m\u1edbi n\u00e0y c\u00f2n cho r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn, n\u00f3 tu\u1ef3 theo di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho hai m\u1ea3ng c\u0169 h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m hai m\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi tr\u1edf l\u00ean. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: T\u00e1ch gi\u00e3n \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n; V\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea3ng. 122. L\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f3 tr\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng? M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft con giun s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang b\u00f2 r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm, h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y \u0111i ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 bao. Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cgiun d\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u00c2u - \u00c1 m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda t\u00e2y ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giun d\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f4ng ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i giun d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u00c2u - \u00c1. Song nh\u1eefng con giun n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chui trong \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u00ec sao n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 lan truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn cho nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. M\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1911, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u1ebb ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c A. Wegener \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Mikhait\u01a1n vi\u1ebft, trong s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i giun n\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Mikhait\u01a1n mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 khi\u1ebfn cho A. Wegener nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, khi xem b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda t\u00e2y ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng nam M\u1ef9 r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nhau, ch\u1ed7 l\u1ed3i ra c\u1ee7a l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u0103n kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 l\u00f5m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn cho \u00f4ng ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba hai b\u1edd c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh li\u1ec1n nhau, v\u1ec1 sau do tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 m\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia ra kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i giun d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Sau n\u00e0y \u00f4ng \u0111i theo \u00fd ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u0103m 1915 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \\\"L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00f4i\\\". \u00d4ng cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi xa x\u01b0a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 to\u00e0n l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba (Pangaea), bao v\u00e2y chung quanh l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba n\u00e0y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf g\u1edbi (Panthlassa). Kho\u1ea3ng 200 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn khi\u1ebfn cho to\u00e0n l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng v\u1ee1 ra ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 quay c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c h\u00fat c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c, n\u00ean tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 con t\u00e0u. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 2 - 3 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i n\u00e0y tr\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean 7 ch\u00e2u, 4 bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","Sau khi thuy\u1ebft l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, b\u1ecb r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c to nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0m sao l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Ngo\u00e0i ra v\u00ec l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Wegener b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ed1n \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1930 khi Wegener l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn K\u01a1langlan \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng may b\u1ecb tai n\u1ea1n, khi\u1ebfn cho l\u00fd lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y m\u1ea5t \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean \u0111i. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 60 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u quan tr\u1eafc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, khi\u1ebfn cho thuy\u1ebft l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00f4i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i. Ng\u00e0y nay th\u00f4ng qua v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 1,5 cm, qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Hawai tr\u00ean Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 5,1 cm x\u00edch g\u1ea7n v\u00e0o l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba Nam, B\u1eafc M\u1ef9, c\u00f2n ch\u00e2u \u00dac v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 \u0111ang t\u00e1ch xa nhau v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 1 cm h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m\u2026 C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i thuy\u1ebft l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00f4i n\u1eefa. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Thuy\u1ebft l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Wegener. 123. V\u00ec sao tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u00fai? Tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 29% to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u00f3, n\u00fai v\u00e0 cao nguy\u00ean cao h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n 2.000 m \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm 11% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba, v\u00f9ng n\u00fai cao h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n 1.000 m chi\u1ebfm tr\u00ean 28% t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u00fai chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 42 tri\u1ec7u km2 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00f3i di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ch\u00e2u \u00c1. N\u1ebfu c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u00edt n\u00fai th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 g\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed3i th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i kh\u1eafp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 n\u00fai. V\u00ec sao tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u00fai nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf? Nh\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t L\u00fd T\u1ee9 Quang cho r\u1eb1ng: \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1ea1o n\u00ean n\u00fai l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c \u00e9p chi\u1ec1u ngang c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. N\u00f3i chung c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c \u00e9p, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 quay c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ee9c \u00e9p chi\u1ec1u ngang theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f4ng - t\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 v\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp tuy\u1ebfn \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau do Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 quay g\u00e2y n\u00ean kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh s\u1ee9c \u00e9p c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o. Hai lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c \u00e9p n\u00e0y c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam l\u1ef1c xo\u1eafn do v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00e2y n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng n\u00fai c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u00f3i chung v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7t, khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t g\u00e3y, hai b\u00ean ch\u1ed7 n\u1ee9t g\u00e3y s\u1ebd d\u00e2ng cao l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p xu\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 l\u00fac h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00fai, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p xu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng. C\u00f2n trong v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u1edf nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 m\u1ecfng y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh n\u1ebfp nh\u0103n n\u1ebfu nh\u00f4 l\u00ean s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch n\u00fai k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ch n\u00fai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u n\u00fai, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y t\u1ea7ng nham th\u1ea1ch bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh kh\u00fac khu\u1ef7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ph\u00e1t sinh n\u1ebfp nh\u0103n. D\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm, t\u1ea7ng nham th\u1ea1ch trong v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1eeb ban \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng th\u00ec nay bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh l\u1ed3i l\u00f5m. S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a g\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed3i l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o n\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. S\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o n\u00ean l\u1ed3i l\u00f5m tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, khi\u1ebfn cho n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf cao th\u1ea5p ch\u00eanh nhau nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec s\u1ef1 x\u00f3i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 xu th\u1ebf l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1ed3i l\u00ean b\u1ecb b\u00e0o m\u00f2n. Gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u0103ng tuy\u1ebft c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai cao d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, nh\u01b0 d\u00e3y n\u00fai Hymalaya \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eeb 80 - 2 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1edf k\u1ef7 Th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u1ea1i T\u00e2n sinh, \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u00e2ng cao. V\u00ec v\u1eady ng\u00e0y nay Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf v\u00e0o sau th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh n\u00fai. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u00e3y Hymalaya t\u1eeb Trung \u00c1 \u0111\u1ebfn Arpixi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. V\u00ec v\u1eady trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u00fai. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u00e2m th\u1ef1c m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u00ec t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e2m th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c x\u00e2m th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau, cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ed7 \u1edf nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f2n b\u1ecb g\u1ecdt gi\u0169a th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 cao th\u1ea5p l\u1ed3i l\u00f5m. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai tuy nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n do v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng h\u00ecnh th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 v\u00ec b\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebdo g\u1ecdt m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh. Do nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111an xen nhau, cho n\u00ean tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec1u n\u00fai m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u0169ng mu\u00f4n m\u00e0u mu\u00f4n v\u1ebb. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: V\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o n\u00fai. 124. V\u00ec sao n\u00f3i Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ee5c do nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh? Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt m\u00e0 ai ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft. V\u1eady c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u201cC\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 nam\u201d mang t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Th\u1eddi B\u1eafc T\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 mang t\u00ean \u201cV\u00f5 Kinh t\u1ed5ng y\u1ebfu\u201d, cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u201cC\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 nam\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng khi h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n trong \u0111\u00eam t\u1ed1i. Trong s\u00e1ch c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u201cC\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 nam\u201d: C\u1eaft m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p m\u1ecfng th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh con c\u00e1, \u0111\u1eb7t trong l\u00f2 nung \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 ngu\u1ed9i, sau khi ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cC\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 nam\u201d th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1 s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng nam. Hi\u1ec7n nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y, s\u1edf d\u0129 \u201cC\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 nam\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng nam l\u00e0 do h\u00ecnh th\u00f9 m\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m s\u1eaft trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra g\u00e2y ra t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Th\u1eddi x\u01b0a, trong l\u00fac n\u00fai l\u1eeda ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng nham th\u1ea1ch phun tr\u00e0o, khi ngu\u1ed9i \u0111i ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u0169ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1 nham th\u1ea1ch mang t\u00ednh t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 Bazan c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eaft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao. Lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb t\u00ednh n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 th\u1eeba t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Nham th\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed7i con c\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 nam nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 nam c\u1ef1c ng\u00e0y nay, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01a1i m\u00e0 nham th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u01a1i m\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh (v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, \u1edf x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o g\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng 00 v\u00e0 \u1edf hai c\u1ef1c th\u00ec g\u00f3c b\u1eb1ng 900). Trong l\u00fac ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1 nham th\u1ea1ch mang t\u1eeb t\u00ednh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nham th\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb t\u00ednh n\u01a1i m\u00e0 n\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi n\u01a1i m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","n\u01a1i m\u00e0 nham th\u1ea1ch t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u00e2y gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u01a1i n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ban \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i r\u1ea5t xa. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i l\u00ean Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh qua t\u1ef1 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi, tr\u1ea3i qua bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n kho\u1ea3ng 300 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Hoa B\u1eafc Trung b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi Hoa Nam Trung b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch nhau kho\u1ea3ng 20 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y xa h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n nay. \u1ede n\u00fai T\u1ea7n L\u0129nh n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa Hoa Nam v\u00e0 Hoa B\u1eafc, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng nham th\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt t\u00edch l\u0169y \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, Hoa B\u1eafc v\u00e0 Hoa Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u1ecb ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng. H\u01a1n 200 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, hai v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y d\u1ea7n nh\u00edch l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh, l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf gi\u1eefa. V\u1eadt tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch v\u00e0 nham th\u1ea1ch trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p l\u1ef1c d\u1ed3n l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed1n l\u00ean th\u00e0nh n\u00fai T\u1ea7n L\u0129nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c h\u00f9ng v\u0129 ng\u00e0y nay. Sinh v\u1eadt c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, Hoa B\u1eafc v\u00e0 Hoa Nam kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba. 500~800 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Hoa Nam kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi Hoa B\u1eafc, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi \u00d4xtr\u00e2ylia. Nh\u01b0 Hoa Nam v\u00e0 \u00d4xtr\u00e2ylia c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb 600~800 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i b\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch ch\u1ec9 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, m\u00e0 Hoa B\u1eafc l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 Hoa Nam v\u00e0 \u00d4xtr\u00e2ylia tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia li\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i, sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i Hoa Nam di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Hoa B\u1eafc. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh nh\u01b0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, Th\u00e1p L\u00fd M\u1ed9c, Qaidam\u2026 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f4 l\u1eadp b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed5 chia c\u1eaft. H\u01a1n 300 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc Hoa Nam thu\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt y\u00eau th\u00edch m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 100 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt c\u1ee7a Hoa Nam \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u1eeb hai v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t xa x\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o nhau. N\u00f3i nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 200~300 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c. Gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t cu\u1ed9n l\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00fai ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e2u c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n. L\u00fac m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi k\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i trung sinh, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Hoa B\u1eafc - Th\u00e1p L\u00fd M\u1ed9c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi T\u00e2y B\u00e1c L\u1ee3i \u00c1 v\u1eabn n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u0110\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u00f2n v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t giao nhau c\u1ee7a ph\u00eda b\u1eafc \u1ea5n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea1m nhau v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean ch\u00e2u \u00c1 ng\u00e0y nay. T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: C\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 nam; T\u1eeb t\u00ednh ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch. 125. V\u00ec sao n\u00f3i n\u00fai Hymalaya t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n xa x\u01b0a d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean? N\u00f3i n\u00fai Hymalaya xa x\u01b0a v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb bi\u1ec3n m\u1ecdc l\u00ean xem ra r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng nghi ng\u1edd. D\u00e3y n\u00fai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 uy nghi c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y b\u0103ng tuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0m sao l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ecdc l\u00ean t\u1eeb bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? \u0110\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Khi ta tr\u00e8o l\u00ean v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00fai Hymalaya ho\u1eb7c \u1edf trong thung l\u0169ng s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, quan s\u00e1t k\u1ef9 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n, T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","bao g\u1ed3m tr\u00f9ng ba l\u00e1, b\u00fat th\u1ea1ch, \u1ed1c anh v\u0169, san h\u00f4, h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1edfm, h\u1ea3i b\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p, h\u1ea3i t\u1ea3o, ng\u01b0 long v.v.. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n. V\u1eady trong bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng v\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ecdc l\u00ean m\u1ea1ch n\u00fai h\u00f9ng v\u0129 nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t d\u00e2ng l\u00ean. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh Xixapangma cao h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n 5.700 - 5.900 m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u1ea3m r\u00eau. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt n\u00e0y b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi l\u1edbn \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao 2.200 - 3.000 m so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c T\u00e2y Nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Tuy t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng: h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 3.000 m, b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1n n\u0103m d\u00e2ng cao 30 m. Theo nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 suy \u0111o\u00e1n th\u00ec v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n Nam huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ecbnh Nh\u1eadt, T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, Trung Qu\u1ed1c 20 v\u1ea1n n\u0103m nay \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e2ng cao kho\u1ea3ng 500 m. Qua \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e2ng cao bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau. D\u00e3y n\u00fai Hymalaya t\u1eeb trong bi\u1ec3n d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh \\\"n\u00f3c nh\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\\\" ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u00e2ng l\u00ean, ch\u1eb3ng qua t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm n\u00ean ta kh\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: V\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea5t d\u00e2ng l\u00ean; N\u00fai Hymalaya. 126. V\u00ec sao n\u00fai l\u1eeda l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? N\u00fai l\u1eeda l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nham th\u1ea1ch trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t phun ra. B\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng nham th\u1ea1ch b\u1ecb v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t bao k\u00edn. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t cao, dung nham d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb n\u00e9n \u00e9p, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn n\u00ean ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 phun ra. \u1ede nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i y\u1ebfu, ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ecbu \u00e1p su\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi chung quanh y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n th\u00ec ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ly ra, khi\u1ebfn cho s\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch m\u1ea1nh l\u00ean, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. Khi n\u00fai l\u1eeda ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ban \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecb n\u00e9n l\u1eabn trong ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n ly ra, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch gi\u00e3n n\u1edf r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sinh ra n\u00fai l\u1eeda. N\u00fai l\u1eeda m\u1ea1nh hay y\u1ebfu c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi mi\u1ec7ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1eb7c qu\u00e1nh, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam mi\u1ec7ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda h\u1eb9p th\u00ec d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1eafc, do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00f3 l\u00fac n\u00fai l\u1eeda phun, ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang nh\u1eefng tro l\u1eeda c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5y tri\u1ec7u m\u00e9t kh\u1ed1i. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf, ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed trong \u0111\u00f3 \u00edt, mi\u1ec7ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda r\u1ed9ng th\u00ec n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn l\u1eafm. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00fai l\u1eeda tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Hawai thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. N\u00fai l\u1eeda th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf tr\u00ean l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba c\u0169ng c\u00f3, d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n c\u0169ng c\u00f3. V\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng, n\u00f3i chung ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0y m\u1ea5y ngh\u00ecn m\u00e9t, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f2n c\u00f3 khe n\u1ee9t. Cho n\u00ean \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt n\u00fai l\u1eeda. Nh\u01b0 n\u00fai l\u1eeda Capeliniuso \u1edf g\u1ea7n qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Xuy\u00ea \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Trung \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1edbi c\u00f3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Khi n\u00fai l\u1eeda ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n d\u00e2ng l\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng, khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n s\u00f4i l\u00ean. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n nh\u1ea7m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 voi. Nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 phun k\u00e9o d\u00e0i su\u1ed1t 13 th\u00e1ng li\u1ec1n, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o m\u1edbi, r\u1ed9ng ch\u1eebng m\u1ea5y tr\u0103m m\u1eabu. Lo\u1ea1i n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","Khi n\u00fai l\u1eeda m\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch phun ra, s\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh, trong \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \\\"n\u00fai l\u1eeda s\u1ed1ng\\\". Nh\u1eefng n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Hawai trong Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m nay kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 l\u00fac c\u00f2n b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u00fai l\u1eeda thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00fai l\u1eeda sau khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. Lo\u1ea1i n\u00fai l\u1eeda n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"n\u00fai l\u1eeda ng\u1ee7\\\". Nh\u1eefng n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u1edf m\u1ea1ch n\u00fai C\u01a1sc\u01a1x\u01a1 mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, nh\u01b0ng theo quan s\u00e1t th\u00ec n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i. Ch\u1eb3ng qua lo\u1ea1i n\u00fai l\u1eeda n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u00fac ng\u1ee7 r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00fai l\u1eeda v\u00ec h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh s\u1edbm, ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eefa, ho\u1eb7c ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch tuy v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u01b0ng do v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n ch\u1eafc, c\u00e1c khe n\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ebft l\u1ea5p c\u1ee9ng, n\u00ean ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1. Nh\u1eefng n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"n\u00fai l\u1eeda ch\u1ebft\\\". V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u1edf n\u00fai Ylimashana v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Tanzania ch\u00e2u Phi l\u00e0 n\u00fai l\u1eeda ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng. T\u1eeb tr\u00ean m\u00e1y bay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 trong mi\u1ec7ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda b\u1ecb l\u1edbp b\u0103ng tuy\u1ebft r\u1ea5t d\u00e0y bao ph\u1ee7. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: N\u00fai l\u1eeda s\u1ed1ng; N\u00fai l\u1eeda ng\u1ee7; N\u00fai l\u1eeda ch\u1ebft. 127. V\u00ec sao Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Hawai \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u n\u00fai l\u1eeda? Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, chi\u1ebfm 1\/3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng l\u00f5m s\u00e2u tr\u00ean 8.000 m. Ch\u1ed7 r\u00e3nh bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn 11.034 m. \u1ede \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn 10 km, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba chung quanh n\u00f3 d\u00e0y kho\u1ea3ng 35 km. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khi\u1ebfn cho Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f9ng t\u1eadp trung n\u00fai l\u1eeda. Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u1eb1m v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u00f3 v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Aliushen, Thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o, qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Philippin c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n T\u00e2y ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng cung l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u1edf Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong v\u00e0nh \u0111ai n\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 200 n\u00fai l\u1eeda s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea1ch n\u00fai n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n, d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n n\u00fai c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u r\u00e3nh bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u. \u1ede \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhau r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t l\u1edbn. Cho n\u00ean ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch d\u1ec5 phun ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ee3t n\u00e0y n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ee3t kh\u00e1c. Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Hawai l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u1ede \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u t\u1eeb 4.000 - 5.000 m, v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o do n\u00fai l\u1eeda ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y t\u1ea1o n\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea3o Hawai l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o, g\u1ed3m n\u0103m ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai l\u1eeda h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh. Ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","\u0111\u1eb7c nh\u1ecf n\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng n\u00fai l\u1eeda th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Tuy n\u00fai l\u1eeda ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng lu\u00f4n. Tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y n\u00fai l\u1eeda ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng \u00edt c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 l\u1edbn. Ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch phun ra ch\u1ea3y th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i quang c\u1ea3nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u00fai l\u1eeda mi\u1ec7ng n\u00fai th\u00e0nh h\u1ed3 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: V\u00e0nh n\u00fai l\u1eeda. 128. V\u00ec sao c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t? B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 r\u1ea5t y\u00ean t\u0129nh, cho n\u00ean h\u1ec5 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta lu\u00f4n cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ebfm th\u1ea5y. Th\u1ef1c ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra li\u00ean mi\u00ean. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3, m\u01b0a l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Theo c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111o th\u00ec s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t sinh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m tri\u1ec7u l\u1ea7n, b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1n l\u1ea7n. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y \u0111o th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. S\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn 99% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 1%, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 1.000 l\u1ea7n. V\u00ec sao Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t? \u0110\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u do v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng l\u1edbn, khi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e1t sinh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, c\u00f3 l\u00fac b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Tuy m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tranh lu\u1eadn: l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec th\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch suy \u0111o\u00e1n. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 do t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 do l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1 ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean nhau. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t sinh \u1edf ch\u1ed7 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t. Khi l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng v\u00e0 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u1ea7ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc (h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e8m theo n\u00fai l\u1eeda. Tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u00fai l\u1eeda. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n n\u00fai l\u1eeda ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ph\u00fan th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phun ra, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch gi\u00e3n n\u1edf \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00ec sao ta l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n? Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n khi x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng ra khi nhi\u1ec1u, khi \u00edt, ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00fac m\u1ea1nh, l\u00fac nh\u1eb9. Theo \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia l\u00e0m ba lo\u1ea1i: \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9, \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu khi\u1ebfn cho m\u00e1y \u0111o rung l\u00ean, \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 treo tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb chao \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho t\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1, nh\u00e0 s\u1eadp, s\u1ea1t n\u00fai\u2026. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ea5y gi\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 s\u1eadp c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u0103m 1976 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra kho\u1ea3ng T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 10 l\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u00fac n\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c d\u00e2n c\u01b0 th\u01b0a th\u1edbt, cho n\u00ean t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i g\u00e2y ra kh\u00f4ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng l\u1eafm. \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t sinh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng (ch\u1ea5n ti\u00eau). Ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 lan truy\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh s\u00f3ng ra c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf trung t\u00e2m ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n s\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3m y\u1ebfu r\u1ea5t nhanh, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1 ly nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ed7 ta \u1edf n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec ta n\u00f3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t; Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t; S\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. 129. V\u00ec sao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam? \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 g\u00e2y cho lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p 7 tr\u1edf l\u00ean, trong ph\u00fat ch\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed5 s\u1eadp th\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n, r\u1ea5t th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m. T\u00ednh nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng nhanh v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ng\u1ee7 say th\u00ec tai ho\u1ea1 gi\u00e1ng xu\u1ed1ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1906 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ea5p 8,3 \u0111\u1ed9 Richte \u1edf Oasinht\u01a1n M\u1ef9, x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o l\u00fac 5 h 12\u2019 s\u00e1ng. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX x\u1ea3y ra ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1906 \u1edf Chil\u00ea v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p 8,9 \u0111\u1ed9 Richte x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o l\u00fac 19 h 11\u2019, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1976 \u1edf \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p 7,8 \u0111\u1ed9 Richte x\u1ea3y ra l\u00fac 3 h 42\u2019, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n x\u1ea3y ra ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1995 x\u1ea3y ra l\u00fac 5 h 46, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ng\u1ee7 say. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea n\u0103m 1985 \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c x\u1ea3y ra 25 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p 5 tr\u1edf l\u00ean, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 20 l\u1ea7n x\u1ea3y ra t\u1eeb 19 h, sau l\u00fac M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi l\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ebfn 6 h s\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau, chi\u1ebfm 80% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1. \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra ban \u0111\u00eam l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam l\u00e0 v\u00ec s\u1ee9c h\u00fat c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng g\u00e2y n\u00ean. Nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, s\u1ee9c h\u00fat c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng g\u00e2y n\u00ean thu\u1ef7 tri\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00f3 c\u0169ng g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t b\u1ecb d\u00e2ng l\u00ean, ch\u1eb3ng qua v\u00ec n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf n\u00ean ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Theo \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c, ng\u00e0y s\u00f3c v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y v\u1ecdng (th\u00e1ng \u00e2m l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 1 ho\u1eb7c ng\u00e0y 15, ng\u00e0y 16) v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u1edf v\u00f9ng B\u1eafc Kinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e2ng l\u00ean 40 cm. N\u1ebfu l\u00f2ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n l\u1ef1c n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u00eam l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o th\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd t\u0103ng th\u00eam v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t ra. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng v\u00e0 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5. Qua \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng \u00e2m l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u1eabu nghi\u00ean. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t; L\u1ef1c h\u00fat c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u0103ng v\u00e0 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","130. V\u00ec sao h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t? V\u00f9ng Aol\u00f4u\u00e2y bang California M\u1ef9 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed r\u1ea5t \u00edt x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Theo ghi ch\u00e9p t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1845 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, trong v\u00f2ng h\u01a1n 100 n\u0103m, trong b\u00e1n k\u00ednh 40 km ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng sau th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1968 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n. Ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1975 c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ea5p 5,7 \u0111\u1ed9 Richte, khi\u1ebfn cho th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Aol\u00f4u\u00e2y b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. V\u00f9ng l\u00e2u nay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u00ec sao b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t? Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 60 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc lo\u1ea1i trung, dung t\u00edch kho\u1ea3ng 4,4 t\u1ec9 m\u00e9t kh\u1ed1i. N\u0103m 1967 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00edch n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 9 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 12, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp x\u1ea3y ra nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf. Ba th\u00e1ng ghi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 33 l\u1ea7n, b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee9 ba ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd. Th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1969 khi n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1975 x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. V\u00ec x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u00e2y n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t sinh ra \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 50 v\u00ed d\u1ee5. Trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra sau n\u0103m n\u0103m h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf Kaila \u1ea5n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn 6,5 \u0111\u1ed9 Richte. \u1ede h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2n Phong c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, sau khi t\u00edch n\u01b0\u1edbc ba n\u0103m c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ea5p 6,1 \u0111\u1ed9 Richte. N\u00f3i chung ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng: c\u00f3 hai nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0m cho h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ed7 thung l\u0169ng h\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho x\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadp. Nh\u1eefng thung l\u0169ng h\u1eb9p trong qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 n\u00fai th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea9n t\u00e0ng t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 b\u1ecb g\u00e3y. N\u1ebfu khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea9n t\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf t\u1ea7ng g\u00e3y \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 sau khi t\u00edch n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y h\u1ed3 ch\u1ecbu m\u1ed9t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u xu\u1ed1ng, khi\u1ebfn cho l\u1ef1c ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1, ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p, n\u00ean ch\u00fang d\u1ec5 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u1edbi nhau. T\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t m\u1edbi sau khi ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh tr\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1ecf th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u1edf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. V\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t do h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u00e2y ra c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1y h\u1ed3, cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi dung t\u00edch ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3i chung \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra sau khi h\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e0ng d\u00e2ng cao th\u00ec t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd y\u1ebfu d\u1ea7n, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00e0nh m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 quan s\u00e1t th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edbn do h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 sau th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh n\u1eefa. T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: H\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc; \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com","131. C\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t gh\u00ea g\u1edbm. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 mong mu\u1ed1n: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? Tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00fd T\u1ee9 Quang c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m. M\u1ea5y n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 \u1edf H\u1ea3i Th\u00e0nh, Doanh Kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 Xuy\u00ean T\u00e2y. Tuy c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00fac b\u00e1o sai ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1o s\u00f3t, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch xa \u0111\u1ed9 chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec sao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, ph\u00e1t sinh n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1 m\u00e0 g\u00e2y n\u00ean. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t sinh trong l\u1edbp v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean l\u1edbp c\u00f9i kho\u1ea3ng 70 km, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1eadp trung \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 5 - 20 km trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t. T\u1ea7ng nham th\u1ea1ch \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t c\u1ee9ng, khi n\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c kh\u00e1ng v\u1ee1 r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. Ch\u1ec9 khi l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i n\u00f3 m\u1edbi b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, t\u1ea7ng nham th\u1ea1ch c\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, n\u1ebfu khi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec ta s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 nham th\u1ea1ch ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb n\u1ed5i l\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t xi\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ngang, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t do d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 g\u00e3y n\u1ee9t, l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t n\u1eefa m\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra. V\u00ec v\u1eady l\u00fac s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf hai b\u00ean ho\u1eb7c ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t r\u00f5, c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t d\u00e2ng cao t\u1eeb 1 - 7 m, m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee5t xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb 2 - 10 m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, nham th\u1ea1ch ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, t\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh lan truy\u1ec1n s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5n \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t sinh thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Quy lu\u1eadt ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m trong nham th\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2ng cao, ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p, n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee7i b\u1ecdt, \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u, thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f9i v\u1ecb\u2026 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft ra kinh nghi\u1ec7m \\\"\u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh\\\" (nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u00fac kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh). Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau \u1ea7m \u1ea7m t\u1eeb xa \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n, t\u1eeb g\u1ea7n ra xa gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng s\u00f3ng ng\u1ea7m. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ed1c l\u00ean m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, m\u00e0u t\u00edm, m\u00e0u ch\u00e0m, m\u00e0u xanh, c\u00f3 l\u00fac l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng d\u1ea3i, c\u00f3 l\u00fac l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda. \u0110\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra. T\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed t\u1ea1i: Taisachmoi.com"]