Body Systems Book (1)

Body Systems Book Alexandra Mayo Mr.Pickett Health Science 4B

Table of contents Integumentary system https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-oI4_shs Musculoskeletal system YnE -911 By Lady Gaga Nervous system Special senses https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqt8Z1k Cardiovascular system 0oWQ -I can’t feel my face by the Weeknd Respiratory system Digestive system Urinary system Reproductive system

Integumentary System Function: the functions of the skin are to protect, regulate body temperature, excrete(perspiration=sweating), be tactile receptors(sensation of pain, temp, pressure and touch). Diseases and conditions: 1. Alopecia=normal aging, loss of hair, illness/drugs used to treat diseases ie; chemotherapy. . Fun2F.acItm:Evpeerytigo=bacterial infection of the skin, mostly children, highly contagious. . lamaywoenhr43tooh..lfeyGCsonkyaueiannwhn!gaovreseinse==bdlueiasthh coloring of the skin because of lack of oxygen. . of tissue due to loss of blood supply and flesh eating bacteria. Healthcare careers: Dermatologist= medical practitioner qualified to diagnose and treat skin disorders. and plastic surgeon=reconstructs parts of skin. Vocab: 1. Nevus=mole 2.papule=pimple 3.Polyp=skin tag 4.epidermis=outer layer Of the skin 5.ulcer=erosion of the skin 6.Glands= tiny holes in the skin that hold Sweat and oil. 7.Scabies=bed bugs 8.scratch test=needle prick 9.cyst=thick sac of fluid 10. Hair folicle

Musculoskeletal system Function: Movement of the entire body, protective covering, producing heat, moving food, mineral storage, blood cell formation, anchoring muscles. Diseases and conditions: 1. ankylosis= a stiff joint caused by adhesion or abnormal fusion of two bones into one. Fun.Fact:The 2. lordosis=abnormal forward curvature of lumbar spine. 3. myalgia=pain in the muscle sma.llest bone 4. dystaxia=without coordination. in yy.oouurr body is in ear! Healthcare careers: Physical therapist=treatment by exercise and orthopedic surgeon=surgeons trained in repairing bones Vocab: 1.Fissure=a creek 2.Foramen-a hole in any bone 3.RA=rheumatoid Arthritis 4.PRN=as needed 5.tarsals=ankles 6.origin=anchor of a muscle 7.tendon=muscle:muscle;8.deltoid=shoulder;9.strain=tear;10.dorsi=back

Nervous System Function: coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body. The nervous system detects environmental changes that impact the body, then works in tandem with the endocrine system to respond to such events. Diseases and conditions: 1.TIA(transient ischemic attack)=brief interruption of blood flow to part of the brain that causes temporary stroke-like symptoms. Fu.n 2. Concussion=Traumatic brain injury, bruising of the brain. Fnhaea..csrvt:beEivlcleieorllynsos!noef 3. Bell’s Palsy=unilateral paralysis of the face 4.Hemorrhagic stroke=aneurysm. Healthcare careers:Neurologist=doctor who determines nerve disorders and Neurosurgeon=treats the disorder of the nerves Vocab: 1.CNS=central nervous system; 2.PNS-peripheral nervous system; 3.Occipital lobe=eyesight vision; 4.Temporal lobe=smell and hearing,language,factual and visual memory;5.cerebrum=everything that is wrinkly;6.Thalamus=sensory/traffic director;7.medulla oblongata=vital functions;8.Afferent=sensory nerves;9.efferent nerves=motor nerves;gray matter=nerves

Special Senses Function:The functions of the five special senses include: Vision. Sight or vision is the capability of the eye(s) to focus and detect images of visible light on photoreceptors in the retina of each eye that generates electrical nerve impulses for varying colors, hues, and brightness. Diseases and conditions: 1.Cataract=Condition in which the lens of the eye turns cloudy, causing partial or total blindness. . 2.Glaucoma=Eye disorder caused by a buildup of aqueous humor that results in high pressure in the eyeball, often damaging the optic nerve and eventually leading to blindness. . 3.Conjunctivitis=Inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye. . 4.Astigmatism=Incorrect shaping of the cornea that results in an incorrect focusing of light. Fun Fact:Some scientists call Healthcare careers:1.HENT doctor=head,eyes, ears, nose, throat doctor. 2.specialist in allergy related complications. eyes surprises of nature! Vocab:1.Eyelids=Protect the eyes anteriorly;2.Eyelashes=protect the border of the eyelid;3.Conjunctiva=lines the eyelids;4.Lacrimal sac=where the tears flow;5.Sclera=protective layer of the fibrous;6.Cornea=transparent part of the fibrous layer;7.Iris=colored part of the eye;8.pupil=rounded opening of the elevator;9.optic disk=blind spot;10.optic nerve=way signals leave retina.

Cardiovascular System Function: Circulates blood, and carries waste in the blood to be removed by other systems. Diseases and conditions:1.Hypertension=high blood pressure, occurs when a high force of blood presses against the artery walls over time. . 2.Coronary Artery Disease=occurs when the blood vessels that supply oxygen to the heart narrow and sFtuifnfeFna.ct:If 3.Arrhythmia= heart beats too fast, too slow, or skips a beat. everything . in the . 4.Arteriosclerosis= caused by the buildup of fat, cholesterol, or other substance in the artery wall. circulatory system was laid out, it Healthcare careers:Cardiologists=doctors who work specifically with the heart and Cardiovascular technician would reach 60,000 miles! Vocab:1.Epicardium=muscular middle layer of the heart;2.Myocardium=Outer layer around the heart;3.Endocardium=innermost layer of the heart;4.Arteries=carries blood away from the heart;5.Veins=carries blood to the heart;6.Pulmonary circulation=right side of the heart,lungs;7.Systemic circulation=left side, body;8.Conduction=electric current in the heart that causes myocardium to contract;9.Sinoatrial node=pacemaker of the heart;10.Pulse points=points on the body where one takes anothers pulse.

Respiratory System Fun Fact:A sneeze is the body’s Function: Inhaling fresh air, CO2->O2, exhaling stale air, passing air over vocals to produce sound. natural mechanism for clearing out the Diseases and conditions:1.Apnea=Absence of breathing irritants in the . 2. Bronchitis=inflammation of the bronchial tubes nose! . 3.Croup=childhood viral infection”barking cough” . 4.Stre[ Throat=bacterial infection of the pharynx Healthcare careers:Respiratory therapist=helps with asthma and Respiratory technician. Vocab:1.Inspiration=inhaling;2.Expiration=exhaling;3.Diaphragm=thin muscle under lungs controls breathing;4.pharynx=transports air, food, liquids;5.larynx=box that contains vocal cords;6.lungs=spongy organs divided into lobes;7.alveoli=microscopic air sacs CO2->O2;8.oximetry=non-invasive device measures O2 levels;9.Sweat test=measures the amount of chloride in sweat;10.=ET endotracheal intubation=placement of a breathing tube.

Digestive System Function:physical and chemical breakdown of food to be used by the body. Diseases and conditions:1.Appendicitis=inflammation of the appendix. Fun.Fact:The 2.Crohn’s Disease=chronic disease that causes inflammation of the digestive tract. pavroerd.augceespe2rson 3.ileus=any obstruction in the small intestine. pints. of saliva 4.volvulus= small intestine gets twisted. every day! Healthcare careers=GI=gastroenterologist helps with stomach and bowel issues and Endoscopy Tech=helps w/endoscopy Vocab:1.ingestion=intake of food/liquid;2.digestion=breakdown of food;3.absorption=nutrients enter blood supply;4.elimination=discharging of waste;oral cavity=mouth;5.gallbladder=stores and concentrates bile;6.anorexia=lack or no appetite;7.emesis=vomiting;8.nausea=urge to vomit;9.diarrhea=watery stool;10.antiemetic=anti-nausea medication.

Fun Fact:The Urinary System human bladder can stretch to hold about 400ml of urine! Function:filtration, waste storage and secretion, hormone production, homeostasis maintenance Diseases and conditions:1.Renal hypertension=high BP because of the kidney. . 2.cystolithiasis=presence of stones in the bladder. . 3.nephrolithiasis=hardening of a nephron. . 4.Wilms tumor=malignant tumor of the kidney, childhood tumor. Healthcare careers:nephrologist=specializes in nephrons and urologist=specializes in urine. Vocab:1.renal cortex=very outermost layer of kidney;2.renal medulla=middle of the kidney;3.renal pelvis=innermost layer of kidney;4.nephron=filtering unit of the kidney;5.urethra=connects bladder to outside of the body;6.anuria=absence of urine formation;7.diuresis=increase of production of urine;8.dysuria=painful urination;9.hematuria=blood in urine;10.enuresis=involuntary discharge of urine.

Reproductive System Function:produce eggs (ova) to be fertilised, and to provide the space and conditions to allow a baby to develop. Diseases and conditions:1.Amenorrhea=absence of menstruation . Fun Fact:The 2.Cervical erosion=inflammation of cervical cells which then erodes female human . body is capable 3.Cervicitis=inflammation of the cervix of giving birth to . 35 infants in one 4.Gonorrhea=STI caused by bacteria lifetime! Healthcare careers:Gynecologist=doctor who studies women's health and OB GYN=same thing Vocab:1.Uterus=organ in which a fetus develops;2.Cervix=barrier between vagina and uterus;3.PAP smear=test for cervical cancer;4.primigravida=first pregnancy;5.Nulligravida=has never been pregnant;6.Multigravida=pregnant more than once;7.Nullipara=has not given birth;8.Multipara=given birth multiple times;9.Hysterectomy=removal of the uterus;10.Miscarriage=spontaneous abortion of a fetus.