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Homemade RECIPES FOR THE HOME Guilt-free Brownies Five Fresh Picks Sweater Weather Get the same decadent taste Five food bloggers share Keep warm with these without  the  calories! their favorite recipes recipes from Bella Alfieri page twenty-one page thirty-siz page forty-eight

Inside YOUR GUIDE TO ISSUE NO.02 05 Spaghetti Magical One Pan Spaghetti 07 Pizza Where And When Was Pizza Invented? 14 Hamburger Keep warm during the winter season with these recipes from Bella Alfieri. 

A GUIDE TO YOUR COOKING Cooking or cookery is the art, technology and craft of preparing food for consumption with the use of heat. Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has. Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments. Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, most notably with ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice. Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans. Some anthropologists think that cooking fires first developed around 250,000 years ago, although there is evidence for the controlled use of fire by Homo erectus beginning 400,000 years ago FOODIE MAGAZINE

Vitamin According to Wikipedia, a news      Quoted references can also Sea article discusses current or be helpful. References to recent news of either general people can also be made HOW TO GET MORE interest (i.e. daily newspapers) through the written accounts OUT OF YOUR SEAFOOD or of a specific topic (i.e. of interviews and debates political or trade news confirming the factuality of the By Katherine Clarke magazines, club newsletters, or writer’s information and the Photography by Tom Manning technology news websites). reliability of his source. The      A news article can include writer can use redirection to accounts of eyewitnesses to the ensure that the reader keeps happening event. It can contain reading the article and to draw photographs, accounts, her attention to other articles. statistics, graphs, recollections, For example, phrases like interviews, polls, debates on the \"Continued on page 3” redirect topic, etc. Headlines can be the reader to a page where the used to focus the reader’s article is continued. attention on a particular (or      While a good conclusion is main) part of the article. The an important ingredient for writer can also give facts and newspaper articles, the detailed information following immediacy of a deadline answers to general questions environment means that copy like who, what, when, where, editing often takes the form of why and how. deleting everything past an  www.kitchen.com  |  56

Spaghetti is currently one most popular dishes in the world. It is the first meal we all learned to make because…let’s face it, it can, literally, accompany anything! Although, we don’t really know a lot of things about this notorious dish. SPAGHETTI

HISTORY OF SPAGHETTI If you’ve ever wondered about A sturdier pasta, like rigatoni, In Italy, pasta was made from the origins of spaghetti, or even can better handle a heavy hard wheat and shaped into why there are so many sauce, while a delicate pasta, long strands.—bringing this different types of pastas, you’re like angel hair, needs a much ancient food much closer to definitely not alone. lighter sauce to prevent it from modern-day spaghetti. Different shaped and weighted being overwhelmed. However, the earliest Italian pastas carry a unique taste If you’re wondering about the version was likely a bit closer to because each one tends to difference between spaghetti vermicelli Spaghetti comes handle a multitude of alternate and other types of pasta: from the word Spago, which sauce types. The pasta texture, Spaghetti is a particularly translates in English to “string,” and the particular sauce, popular pasta, especially in or “twine.” In Italy, spaghetti greatly influence the culinary America. we’ve provided a bit (like all pasta) are generally experience—even if it appears, of pasta history—including that cooked just to al dente (which on the surface, the only of spaghetti—along with a few means “to the tooth.”) to create difference is the shape. recipes that you can create and a slightly chewy texture, rather enjoy right at home. than an overly soft consistency.

MAGICAL ONE PAN SPAGHETTI Ingredients: This is a quick, fresh spaghetti 12 ounces of uncooked spaghetti recipe that’s both tasty and fun 12 ounces of ripe cherry tomatoes, to prepare. Everything—even sliced in half the uncooked spaghetti— 1 medium onion, chopped cooks together in one pan. Yes, 3-4 cloves of chopped garlic with this recipe, there’s no ⅓ tsp red pepper flakes need to cook the pasta 2 leaves of basil, shredded separately. This meal is both 3 Tbsp Extra Virgin.Olive oil easy to prepare, and it’s Coarsely ground sea salt, to taste delicious! 4 ½ Cups water Freshly grated Parmesan, and a few fresh basil leaves for serving Directions: Combine all the ingredients, including the raw spaghetti in a large skillet. The pasta should lay flat. If the pan isn’t large enough, break the spaghetti in half. Bring the ingredients to a boil on high heat. Turn the spaghetti with tongs as the liquid boils. When the pasta is al dente and the water has evaporated, it’s ready. Note: If the pasta seems a bit dry, add about ¼ cup of additional water and continue to boil until it’s cooked to perfection. Yes, it’s really that simple. Plate the spaghetti, and top it with fresh basil leaves and grated.parmesan.

WHAT IS THE DIFFERENC E BETWEEN PASTA AND SPAGHETTI The Italian Pasta BY SERENA ADAMS      According to Wikipedia, is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily. It is also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes. Typically, pasta is a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking. It can also be made with flour from other cereals or grains. Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (pasta secca) and fresh (pasta fresca).      Most dried pasta is commercially produced via an extrusion process. Fresh pasta was traditionally produced by hand, sometimes with the aid of simple machines, but today many varieties of fresh pasta are also commercially produced by large-scale machines, and the products are widely available in supermarkets.

La pizzeria PIZZA It’s your go-to after a night out with friends, when watching a movie with a loved one and a perfect Sunday meal for a family choosing to stay in for the weekend. Historians trace one of the world’s most popular fast food to centuries ago from Hawaiian, Margherita, Pepperoni to Veggie pizza. \"VERY SWEET AND RICH IN VITAMINS. CONTAINS FIBER TOO!\"

Where And When Was Pizza Invented? Historians believe the word pizza originated from Italian and Greek literature. A Latin document written in a small Italian village might be the earliest reference to pizza. The idea of flatbreads with toppings is not an entirely new one. It dates back centuries ago when the Romans, Greeks, and Egyptians ate their bread in that form. They would place it on a hot stone or in mud ovens to make the bread, then they would spread their toppings, such as herbs or mushrooms, on the flatbread. An interesting finding was a record of how soldiers baked flatbreads in ancient Persia. Their shields were their ovens. \"people who love, food are always the best people\" - Julia Child In fact, in the 1st Century B.C., a Roman poet is found to have talked about circles of bread thought to look like a pizza. People cooked Pinsa on hot ashes in ancient Rome, and it comes closest to modern-day pizza.

WHERE AND WHEN WAS PIZZA INVENTED? Years later, in the 18th century, pizza would be born in Naples, a town in Italy. The pizza was not the delicacy it is now. In those days, Naples’s people ate pizza, which was just a flatbread with toppings, because it was cheap. Why? They were poor, and this was all they could afford. They couldn’t go to work on a hungry stomach, and one would see them munching these slices on their way. At the time, the shops would not sell this poor man’s dish. No. Only street sellers would carry them around slicing pieces as small as a buyer could afford. According to their budget, the makers would use minimal toppings, sometimes only garlic and two others to meet a customer’s need. So looked down upon was this dish that nobody wanted to write about it. Those who cared to write about it had nothing good to say. Words such as “disgusting” were thrown around to describe it. With this ‘modern’ pizza of the 18th century, Italians introduced tomatoes to give it that flavor that has become a favorite. The interesting thing is that in those days, people thought tomatoes were poisonous. However, America exported lots of tomatoes to Europe, encouraging people to use them as toppings after seeing they were safe to eat. Furthermore, the tomatoes came in handy due to their cheap nature, and they did not require much skill to cook. 04 FOODIE MAGAZINE

Who Invented Pizza P A S T A I S A S T A P L E F O O D O F T R A D I T I O N A L ITALIAN CUISINE, WITH THE FIRST REFERENCE DATING TO 1154 IN SICILY. However, it was not until 1830 Pizza marinara is a They say after sampling each slice that Naples got its first pizzeria – memorable one, for it was of the finger-licking goodness, she Antica Pizzeria Port’Alba. Pizza’s among those sought by gave one a thumbs-up. A pizza fame had not spread to the rest tourists who had heard of its whose ingredients had the colors of the world as it remained goodness. Often made by of the Italian flag was her favorite. contained in Italy’s borders. The seamen’s wives, it would have Italy named the pizza after her. lack of fame was the case until oregano, garlic, and tomato This approval would mark the tourists visiting Italy asked for oppings.Increased popularity beginning of a more respected local cuisines. came at a cost, and people pizza. That a queen can eat food The bakers offered them pizza. had to pay more for the considered to be for the poor, and Therefore, this fast-food got yet delicacy as chefs began like it meant this dish was truly another leap. experimenting with a wider Italian. variety of toppings.

Who Invented Pizza P A S T A I S A S T A P L E F O O D O F T R A D I T I O N A L ITALIAN CUISINE, WITH THE FIRST REFERENCE DATING TO 1154 IN SICILY. As if to solidify a blended Legend has it that Italian The love for pizza grew so much, culture, pizza’s leap into fame Raffaele Esposito was the first Italians ate the dish at every meal. came in just when Italy became to make that premier The new-found love happened by unified. On their visit to Naples, delicious pizza. Pizzeria di the close of the 19th century. King Umberto I and Queen Pietro was the place where he Who were among the people who Margherita were intent on trying did his magic. It is safe to say it enjoyed this taste of heavenly out an Italian dish. They needed was royalty commissioned. In goodness? World War II veterans. to break away from their usual 1889, the queen was visiting Italians might as well have the French meals. Queen Naples. To honor her, the soldiers to advertise it as they Margherita would get her dish, leaders instructed Raffaele to spread the word on the value of served as different types of make the signature food. Italian pizza. Other spreaders of pizza. the pizza gospel .

TREASURES FROM THE Hamburger WE CLIMB THE HEIGHTS OF Where all hamburger origin stories THIS EPIC MOUNTAIN, AND agree is this: By the 19th century, beef GAINED A DEEPER SENSE OF from German Hamburg cows was LIFE ON EARTH minced and combined with garlic, onions, salt and pepper, then formed Hamburgers may well be considered into patties (without bread or a bun) to America’s favorite food. You can find make Hamburg steaks. These early them in hole-in-the-wall diners, at the burgers were considered gourmet and drive-through windows of fast food were quite pricey, given the quality of chains, and on the menus of Michelin- Hamburg beef. starred restaurants. Their flavors inspire casseroles and even tempt burger- By some accounts, that name is lost to lovers to drape their burgers in peanut history given that it was an innovation butter, another favorite food for of necessity on the streets of New York Americans. City and Chicago. Worldwide, McDonald’s sells 75 hamburgers per second! So where exactly did this tasty beef sandwich originate? What is the history of the humble hamburger—does it have a single inventor as some claim? You may have heard that Hamburg, Germany is the home of the first hamburger. While the inspiration for the hamburger did come from Hamburg, the sandwich concept was invented much later. And, infact, the concept of minced beef likely predates Hamburg, according to some. It could be no more than urban legend, but some contend that Mongol horsemen first ate a similar style of beef, steaktartare, in the 12th century. The trend made its way through the trade routes via Russia before landing in Germany.

PERFECTING THE IDEAL When German immigrants began arriving in New York and Chicago, many earned a living by where was opening restaurants. Menus frequently featured the Hamburg steak, an Americanized version of the German offering. It was often the most expensive dish on the menu. During the hamburger Industrial Revolution, factory workers were served Hamburg steak from food carts. They proved difficult to eat while standing, so one invented creative cook sandwiched the meat patty between two slices of bread (the culinary innovator’s name has sadly been lost to history). Thus, the Hamburg sandwich was born, an evolution that boosted this food’s popularity all over the country. NOMADIC  |  24

History and Legends of Ham burgers There is a dispute about who actually made the first hamburger and bun in America. Have you ever wondered where the first hamburger on a bun came from? Which story you believe depends on your definition of a hamburger. Tracing history back thousands of years, we learn that even the ancient Egyptians ate ground meat, and down through the ages we also find that ground meat has been shaped into patties and eaten all over the world under many different name. NOMADIC  |  24

In the late eighteenth century, the largest According to Theodora Fitzgibbon in ports in Europe were in Germany. Sailors her book The Food of the Western World who had visited the ports of – An Encyclopedia of food from North Hamburg, Germany and New York, brought American and Europe: this food and term “Hamburg Steak” into popular usage. To attract German sailors, ”The originated on the German eating stands along the New York city Hamburg-Amerika line boats, which harbor offered “steak cooked in the brought emigrants to America in the Hamburg style.” 1850s. There was at that time a famous Immigrants to the United States from Hamburg beef which was salted and German-speaking countries brought with sometimes slightly smoked, and them some of their favorite foods. One of therefore ideal for keeping on a long them was Hamburg Steak. The Germans sea voyage. As it was hard, it was simply flavored shredded low-grade beef minced and sometimes stretched with with regional spices, and both cooked and soaked breadcrumbs and chopped raw it became a standard meal among the onion. It was popular with the Jewish poorer classes. In the seaport town of emigrants, who continued to make Hamburg, it acquired the name Hamburg Hamburg steaks, as the patties were steak. Today, this hamburger patty is no then called, with fresh meat when they longer called Hamburg Steak in Germany settled in the U.S.” but rather “Frikadelle,” “Frikandelle” or “Bulette,” orginally Italian and French words. Hamburg Steak / BY GARRET HANSON

AN INTRODUCTION sSaageus- Sausages storm ahead as the number 1 ‘in-home meal’ in the UK, way ahead of the cheese or ham sandwich. Sausages make up 1720 meal occasions (inc. sandwiches sausages, sausage stews/casserole, pork & herb sausages, low-fat pork sausages, pork & beef sausages, beef sausage and other sausages). Sausages are considered a basic barbecue food; together with burgers, they are almost the staples of the occasion with other products added to this basic product.

FRESHFLAVOURS.COM what is Sausage is chopped meat, mostly beef or sausage pork, seasoned with salt and spices and also mixed with cereal usually wheat rusk DEFINITION prepared from crumbed unleavened biscuits and traditionally stuffed in casings of prepared animal intestine. Casings may be intestine, paraffin-treated fabric bags, or synthetic sleeves of plastic or reconstituted collagen. All but dry (cured) sausages require refrigerated storage. Cooked and dry sausages are ready to eat; fresh (and frozen) sausages must be cooked. Sausages of fish or poultry are also made.

Dry sausage was born as a result of the A Brief discovery of new spices, which helped to Historical enhance, flavour and preserve the meat. Background Different countries and different cities within those countries started producing their own distinctive types of sausage, both fresh and dry. These different types of sausage were mostly influenced by the availability of ingredients as well as the climate. Some parts of the world with periods of cold climate, such as northern Europe were able to keep their fresh sausage without refrigeration, during the cold months. They also developed a process of smoking the sausage to help preserve the meat during the warmer months. The hotter climates in the south of Europe developed dry sausage, which did not need refrigeration at all. Basically people living in particular areas developed their own types of sausage and that sausage became associated with the area. For example Bologna originated in the town of Bologna in Northern Italy, Lyons sausage from Lyons in France and Berliner sausage from Berlin in Germany. The manufacture of sausages began over two thousand years ago, and it is still a growing industry. While some of its basic practices are almost as old as civilisation, the industry is constantly adopting new developments in processing in the light of later scientific and technical knowledge. Sausage has been an important item in man's diet for twenty centuries. The first recognisable mention of this meat food is found in a Greek play called \"The Orya,\" or \"The Sausage,\" written about 500 B.C. Thereafter the word for sausage occurs with frequency in Greek writings. It's also a favourite food of the Romans, at one time becoming so popular for festive occasions that it was placed under the ban of the early church.

EATING IS NECESSITY BUT COOKING IS AN ART. - ANONYMOUS PAGE 3 | COMIDA

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