NIGIS SZ-Newsletter 2.0 (2022) KM edited (1)

GATEWAY INDIA SECTION Volume 1; Issue 1, 2020 COR-ROAD JOURNEY 2.0 E-Newsletter of NIGIS-SZ Wing Lift Strut Assembly Failure About NACE International and Collision with Terrain by excessive corrosion NACE International, the worldwide Corrosion Authority, was established in 1943 by eleven On 30 March 2019 control of the ski- corrosion engineers from pipeline industry as the equipped Piper J3C-65 aircraft was lost National Association of Corrosion Engineers and the aircraft struck the frozen surface (NACE) today serves over 36000 members in of the Snowshoe Lake, Ontario around 130 countries and has acquired (Canada). An inspection at the crash site international repute and credibility as a premier indicated that the left main spar wing lift authority for corrosion control solutions. assembly had separated near the lower The organization offers technical training and end attachment. The TSB Engineering certification programs, organizes conferences Laboratory’s analysis of the failed wing while also disseminating industry standards, lift strut assembly revealed that the reports, publications, technical journals and failure was initiated by excessive providing avenues for networking and corrosion and thinning of the load- collaboration. bearing wall inside the wing lift strut, followed by fatigue, and eventual About NACE International Gateway overload failure. On 31 July 2019, the India Section (NIGIS) TSB issued a safety advisory to regulators and the manufacturer of the NIGIS established in 1992 is one of the largest occurrence aircraft advising them of the and most active section of NACE International risk associated with the use of the punch through its significant efforts for promotion of test method mentioned in AD 2015-08- corrosion awareness, protection, and control of 04 and prescribed in the MSB 528D. corrosion in India. With over 1000 members, NIGIS organize certification courses on various corrosion aspects and hosted 26 annual corrosion conferences. NIGIS support two student chapters, one in Mumbai and one in Chennai. NACE International Gateway India Section 305-A, Galleria, Hiranandani Gardens, Powai, Mumbai - 400076 Tel: 022-25797354 / 930 Fax: 022-66921572 E-mail: [email protected] 1

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 Message from faculty advisor Dr. Sridhar T. M., Ph.D Asistant Professor at Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 2

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 NACE International Gateway India Section South Zone (NIGIS SZ) EC members NIGIS EC Members Advisor Dr. U. Kamachi Mudali Immediate Past-President Dr. Rani P. George President Dr. T. Subba Rao Vice Presidents Prof. M. Kamaraj Prof. N. Rajendran Secretary Dr. S.C. Vanithakumari Joint Secretary Dr. Haji Sheik Mohammed Treasurer Dr. S. Ningshen Chairman (Membership Drive & Support) Dr. T.M. Sridhar Chairman (Awareness Programs) Dr. Radhakrishna Pillai Chairman (Events & Publicity) Dr. K.M. Veerabadran EC Members Prof. S.K. Seshadri Dr. R. Venkatesan Dr. S. Rangarajan Dr. N. Sriram Mr. V.P. Jeyakumar Mr. V. Vijayaraghavan Mr. Venkatesh Kumar Dr. B. Anandkumar Mr. R. Venu Faculty Advisor NIGIS-SZ Student Section President Dr. T.M. Sridhar Vice-President Ms. Madhura B Secretary Mr. Mohammad Umar Treasurer Mr. Karthikeyan M Mr. M. Kalaiyarasan 3

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 Editorial The excerpts of this technical talk have been presented in this newsletter. Also, We all welcome you to the new we are happy to share with you the academic year July 2021 to June 2022 awards, honors and distinctions earned of the Nace International Gateway by our NIGIS south zone members. India – South Zone Student Section Hope you enjoy reading this (NIGIS-SZ SS) headed by Dr. Sridhar newsletter. Your comments and T. M. We are happy to bring you the suggestions for further improvements second issue of the NIGIS south zone are most welcome. newsletter. Madhura B Karthikeyan M This issue contains the details of the various NIGIS-SZ events conducted Doctoral Student, Doctoral student, during January – December 2021. Indira Gandhi Centre Dept. of Civil Considering the current pandemic for Atomic Research, Engineering, Indian COVID-19 critical situation, all the Kalpakkam, Chennai. Institute of programmes were planned to conduct Technology Madras, online mode via google meet or the Chennai. Cisco WebEx platform. This year, we plan to organize many events that cater M. Kalaiyarasan Mohammad Umar to members' technical needs and provide knowledge in corrosion and Doctoral Student, Doctoral Student, related problem. In the list we have Department of Department of Civil exciting compititions conducted for Chemistry, Anna Engineering, BSAC students Corrosion in Public (CiP- University, Chennai Institute of Science & 2020) and Corrosion Awareness Video Technology, Chennai Competition (CAV-2021). Also an informative technical lecture by eminent scientists is covered namely; Prof. Dr.Ing. Ralf Feser, University of Applied Sciences Iserlohn, Germany, Prof. S. Ramanathan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, and Prof. U. Vijayalakshmi, Department of Chemistry School of Advanced Sciences VIT, Vellore. 4

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 Congratulations to Naveen Krishnan…! Mr. Naveen Krishnan obtained his B.Tech. in Civil Engineering from the Government Engineering College, Kottayam and M.S. in Civil Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Madras. During his M.S., he worked on assessing the field performance and electrochemical modelling of cathodic protection in reinforced concrete structures. He was a recipient of the NACE India Foundation Scholarship Award 2019. He served as the Secretary-NIGIS SZ Student Section from June 2020 to Dec 2021, and during his tenure he played a key role in organizing several technical events. Currently, he is pursuing Ph.D. in Civil Engineering from Oregon State University, USA. The NIGIS SZ Student Section is pleased to extend their congratulations and best wishes for his future endeavors. NIGIS National level Story-writing competition on Corrosion in Public (CiP) 5

Metallic corrosion is very common to see in our Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 daily life – to a level that even an uneducated envisages young engineers/scientists on the person would know what it is and how it importance of such communication skills in happens in general – even though he/she may their career development. Such skills are not know the science behind it. The CiP stories essential to becoming professional leaders - are expected to identify such occurrences of may it be in teaching, research, and/or corrosion in various household and other utilities and the infrastructure facilities that industrial practice. humans use in their daily life and then The online story writing competition was effectively communicate the underlying coordinated by Deepak Kamde (past complex scientific corrosion phenomena to president, NIGIS - SZ Student Section) and laypersons in a simple language. Stories can Dr. Radhakrishna G. Pillai. The competition also include the strategies to either prevent or was conducted for three categories: Category I mitigate such corrosion. – third and final year undergraduate students, The CiP competition is an initiative by NACE Category II - graduate students research scholars, and Category III – Young scientist or International Gateway India Section (NIGIS), engineers. Each story talked about a case study South Zone Students Section, with financial where corrosion of metals is an issue. A support from NACE International Gateway photograph about the issue explained much of India Section south zone. This competition the problem without any words. Also, these stories also narrated the root cause and the necessary measures to mitigate corrosion. CiP winners list Rank Name Category I: BE/B. Tech./B.Sc. students Story title Organization 6

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 1 K. Venkata Gowri Sankara Rajiv Gandhi University of Pitting corrosion on Vara Prasad Knowledge Technologies, R. K. stainless steel dish Valley plates 2 shared by M. Madhumitha R.M.K Engineering college Corrosion in public Veeraram. G. R.M.K Engineering college Corrosion in public 3 shared by Shrivatsa S. Bhat NMAM Institute of Technology, Corrosion in public Ramadevi Jawahar Nitte National Institute of Technology, Prevention is better Tiruchirapalli than cure! Category II: ME/M. Tech./Ph.D. students Rank Name Organization Story title 1 Pipe corrosion Bhavesh Dharmraj Gajbhiye Institute of Chemical 2 Technology, Mumbai Corrosion in public 3 shared by Rintu Kurian SCMS School of Engineering and Mighty Corrosion; Technology, Kerala Almighty nature Rust ruins or protects? Venus Mohan Chaudhary Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai Ashok Vayyala Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai Rank Name Category III: Young engineers (Age < 30 years) Story title 1 Organization Corrosion coming to 2 Sachin Pawar TATA Steel, Jamshedpur your Kitchen! Improper Material 3 PiyasPalit Tata steel Basically Corrode Severely corroded Kanchana Shanmugam IIT Madras, Chennai water pipe 7

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 Corrosion Awareness Video Compitition Corrosion of metals is a very common public safety, the phenomenon that we see in our daily life. economy, and the Most of the public, by now, would know environment through what it is and what are the possible places short Videos. where they can expect corrosion in their daily life. However, many are unaware of the The online Corrosion Awareness Video science behind corrosion. The “Corrosion Compition was coordinated by Ms. Awareness Video” is expected to bring Madhura B and Mr. Naveen Krishnan awareness about corrosion-related issues the (past Secretary, NIGIS - SZ Student public/industry faces and to identify a simple Section) under the guidance of Dr. R and easy way to prevent/control corrosion Venkatesan. that can reduce or eliminate its impact on The National Level Corrosion Awareness Video competition for College students conducted in June 2021 by NIGIS SZ in association with Student Section. A total of 82 registrations were received and 17 student teams uploaded their videos from different colleges across India. A committee under the Chairmanship of Dr. Rangarajan with members Dr. Vanithakumari, Dr. Haji Sheikh Mohammed and Mr. Venkatesh Kumar evaluated these entries. Participants from Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Amrita School of Engineering, Chennai and S.R.M College of Engineering, Chennai secured the first three places. CAV-2021 Winners list Rank Topic title Student Name Institute Details 1. General Maniteja Gurenka Sathyabama Institute of Science and 2. Corrosion Technology, Chennai Nalla Madhuri Department of Mechanical Engineering, 3. Atmospheric D. Chanukya Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa 4. Corrosion of G. S. Sreevatsan Vidyapeetham, Chennai 601106, India Steel Railways Sujith M Structures and its S.R.M College of Engineering, KTR, Chennai Prevention Shriram Kulkarni Hot Corrosion in Swatata Banerjee Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Marine gas Vidyapeetham, Chennai, India. turbine engine S. Srivatsav Corrosion in Oil YaduUdayan and Gas Industry Ashvita A J Boddu Anurag Krishna 8

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 Technical Programs Sl. Topic Presenter Date No 02 Ms. Rasitha T.P. January 1. Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Coating on IGCAR, Kalpakkm 2021 Ferritic Steel with Enhanced Corrosion and 26th Biofouling Resistance Prof. Dr.Ing. Ralf Feser, February University of Applied 2021 Technical programs 2. Thermally sprayed zinc and zinc-aluminum Sciences 21st July layers for corrosion protection in off-shore Iserlohn, Germany 2021 environment 31st July 3. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Prof. S. Ramanathan 2021 Department of Chemical Engineering, 28th Indian Institute of September Technology Madras, 2021 4. Cooling Water Treatment, Biofouling & Corrosion Control (CWS-2021 • Seawater as condenser coolant: sustanibility through continuous improvement Dr. V.P. Venugopalan • Marine Biofouling Management • Biofilm associated proteins: Towards Dr. R. Venkatesan an undestanding for molecular basis biofilms formation Dr. Sudhir K Shukla • Salient features of important systems Shri. R R. Sahaya of KKNPP • Ballast water and Bio invasion Dr. G. Dharani • My Research contribution in the context of industrial cooling water Dr. T. Subba Rao system 5. Bioceramic coatings on Implants and its Prof. U. Vijayalakshmi Corrosion Resistance Department of Chemistry Behaviour for Biomedical Applications School of Advanced Sciences VIT, Vellore 9

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Coating on Ferritic Steel with Enhanced Corrosion and Biofouling Resistance by Ms. Rasitha T.P., Senior Research Fellow at Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam NIGIS SZ organized a technical lecture during on the topic “Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Coating on Ferritic Steel with Enhanced Corrosion and Biofouling Resistance by Ms. Rasitha T.P., Senior Research Fellow at Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam on Saturday, January 02, 2021 at 17.00-18.00 h through Google meet platform. Rasitha T P is presently a senior research fellow, working under the guidance of Dr. John Philip, Head CSTD in surface modification and characterization section headed by Dr. Rani P George in IGCAR, Kalpakkam. She did her post graduation in chemistry from Calicut University. She has published three papers in three international journals including Langmuir. Her research interests include surface modification, corrosion studies and development and studies of superhydrophobic surfaces etc. She presented papers in six national and international conferences. She is a student member of NACE -SZ. In her talk she discussed about superhydrophobic (SHP) coating on ferritic steel with excellent anti corrosion and antimicrobial properties using a single step electrodeposition process using ethanolic solution of myristic acid and cerium nitrate. By optimizing the electrodeposition parameters such as deposition time and potential, desired hierarchical surface structures with very high-water contact angle (WCA) is obtained. Techniques such as WCA measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy are used to characterize the prepared SHP surfaces. The corrosion performance and anti- biofouling properties are ascertained using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization studies, confocal laser scanning microscopy and epifluorescence microscopy. The SHP surface gave a maximum WCA of 162.8 ± 2.4° and the electrochemical studies in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution showed significant decrease in passive current density confirming better corrosion resistance, along with a 65% reduction in bacterial adhesion when exposed to microbial cultures for 48 hours as compared to bare surface. 10

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 Thermally sprayed zinc and zinc-aluminum layers for corrosion protection in off-shore environment by Prof. Dr. Ing. Ralf Feser, Laboratory for Corrosion Protection, University of Applied Sciences, Iserlohn, Germany NIGIS SZ organized a technical lecture on the topic “Thermally sprayed zinc andzinc- aluminum layers for corrosion protection in off-shore environment” by Prof. Dr. Ing. Ralf Feser, Laboratory for Corrosion Protection, University of Applied Sciences, Iserlohn, Germany on Friday, February 26, 2021 at 18.30 h through CISCO Webex platform. Prof. Feser studied Material Science at the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen- Nürnberg and he was Research Associate at the Max Planck Institute for Iron Research in Düsseldorf in the Corrosion Working Group of the Physical Chemistry Department and submitted a dissertation on the topic: \"Corrosion of polymer-coated iron“. In 1991 joined as materials application technologist for a metal company in Frankfurt am Main. From 1994 he became Group Leader of Corrosion and Materials Consulting Group. Since 1996, Prof. Fraser is full time Professor teaching corrosion and corrosion protection at the South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences, Iserlohn, Germany. Since 2005, he is Head of the laboratory for corrosion protection technology. He is also Managing Director of the affiliated institute \"Institute for Maintenance and Corrosion Protection gGmbH\" of the South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences in Iserlohn. Areas of Competence: Corrosion protection systems; Corrosion monitoring Sensor/Systems; Material analysis Failure analysis; Troubleshooting. 11

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 Technical Talk on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy by Prof. S. Ramanathan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. NIGIS SZ organized a technical lecture on the topic “Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy” by Prof. S. Ramanathan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, on Wednesday, July 21, 2021 at 15.00-16.00 h through CISCO Webex platform. Dr. S. Ramanathan obtained his. B. Tech. (Chem. Engg.) from Anna University in 1993, and Ph. D from Clarkson University USA in 2000. He worked as Senior Consulting Engineer in PDF Solutions, USA for 3 years and joined IIT Madras as faculty in 2003. The focus of his research group is in applying electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to obtain detailed mechanism of electrochemical reactions, with emphasis on metal dissolution reactions. He has authored nearly 50 publications and recently has published a book on EIS. Thirteen PhD scholars and two MS scholars have graduated from his lab, and are currently working in industry and academia. He was awarded Shri. S.K. Seshadri Memorial Mascot Award 2019, by the Electrochemical Society of India in recognition of his contributions in the area of corrosion and electrochemistry. In this talk, Prof. S. Ramanathan covered a brief introduction to electrochemistry and its relevance in understanding corrosion. Then he detailed a introduction to a versatile technique, known as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), basics of this technique and analysi, few examples of application of EIS in understanding corrosion. 12

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 Cooling Water Treatment, Biofouling & Corrosion Control (CWS-2021) NIGIS SZ and WSCD, BARC facilities, Kalpakkam jointly organized a one-day virtual technical meeting on “Cooling Water Treatment, Biofouling & Corrosion Control (CWS-2021)” on 31st July 2021. Dr. R. Venkatesan was the Convener and Dr. P. Sriyutha Murthy was the Organizing Secretary of CWS-2021. This meeting was followed by an online felicitation program for Dr. T. Subba Rao, President, NIGIS SZ on his superannuation from the Department of Atomic Energy. Happy retirement Sir…! Dr. Toleti Subba Rao (T. S. Rao) joined Water & Steam Chemistry Division (WSCD), BARC, Kalpakkam in 1988. His research was centered in the area of microbe and material interactions; his primary focus was on basic and practical approaches to solve industrial cooling water problems originating due to microbial biofilms in nuclear, thermal power plants and chemical industries. He is a member of the cooling water system task force of fast reactor power plant and contributed many important reports for the project. He provided systemic solutions to cooling water problems at Madras, Rajasthan, Kakrapar and Kaiga nuclear power plants, as well as Heavy Water Plants, Baroda and Kota. Dr. Rao has published 110 research papers in reputed journals and reviewed several manuscripts for national and international journals. His highly significant contributions in the area of microbial corrosion fetched him the NACE International Section award for excellence in microbial corrosion science and technology in 2006 and for meritorious contributions in 2019. He received the Group Leader award-2018, of Department of Atomic Energy. Government of India and in 2011, he received Group Achievement Award, of Department of Atomic Energy. Government of India. He received Shri. S.K. Seshadri Memorial National Award 2013 instituted by The Electrochemical Society of India, Indian Institute of Sciences, Bengaluru. In 2010 he was elected as a Fellow of Society for Applied Biotechnology, India. In 2014, he was elected as Fellow of The Academy of Sciences, Chennai. On behalf of NACE NACE International Gateway India Section south zone, we wish you congratulations on this new phase of life, May all your dreams and plans come true. 13

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 Bioceramic coatings on Implants and its Corrosion Resistance Behaviour for Biomedical Applications by Prof. U. Vijayalakshmi, Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry School of Advanced Sciences VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. NIGIS SZ organized a technical lecture on the topic “Bioceramic coatings on Implants and its Corrosion Resistance Behaviour for Biomedical Applications”, by Prof. U. Vijayalakshmi, Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry School of Advanced Sciences VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India, on Tuesday, 28th September, 2021 at 18.30.00-19.30 h through CISCO Webex platform. Dr. U. Vijayalaskhmi obtained her M.Sc degree from Coimbatore Institute of Technology and Ph.D., from Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Madras. She is working as Associate Professor in Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore. Recently, she received Young Scientist Award from Chemical Research Society of India (CRSI). She has been conferred young women scientist award in VIT for her significant and impactful contributions in the field of materials science. She has authored 65 research publications in Scopus indexed international journals. Her Biomaterials research group in VIT is currently working on the sol-gel synthesis of nano-ceramics and their coating on metallic implants using electrophoretic deposition and spin coating. Among bioceramics, composite materials unravel its better desirability against corrosion and wear with interfacial bone bonding capability over the surface, thereby enhancing the osteoinductive property. Apart from composite materials, multi-ion, co-doped ceramics play a significant role in the stimulation of physical and biological properties for outstanding effects. Cerium (Ce) has been selected as antibacterial agent due to its high thermal stability and found its applications in dental fillings, bone healing and catheters. Sol-gel technique has been endeavored to synthesize cerium (Ce4+) doped hydroxyapatite and dual doped HAP with the combination of cerium and silicon. Prof. U. Vijayalakshmi discussed about the nanocomposites consisting of Ce-HAP with Fe3O4, these composites can act as an alternate materials for cancer treatment. She also highlighted various composites made of HAP, SiO2, TiO2 and ZrO2 on Ti-6Al-4V by various coatings methods such as electrophoretic and spin coating methods, respectively. 14

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 Short technical papers from NIGIS SZ student members Alternating Current Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy: A Tool for Probing Local Electrochemical Activity of Dissimilar Welds An attempt was made to electrochemically visualise the explosively welded 304L SS-Zr -4 dissimilar joint sample by using Alternating stainless steel and Zircaloy-4. Explosively Current Intermittent Contact Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (AC-IC-SECM). Fig. 1. Explosively welded dissimilar metals The solid-state welding process qualifies as the interlocked plates were best welding technique for connecting electrolytic dissolver vessel to the rest of the plant, which is of AISI type 304L SS. As no melting of metals, secondary precipitates or filler addition was involved in the explosive welding process, the corrosion resistance of the given stress relief anneal at about 500 ˚C for 1 h and 304 L SS-Zr-4 dissimilar joint sample will be allowed to furnace cool. On the 304L SS-Zr -4 entirely depend on the response of Zr-4 and dissimilar joint sample ex-situ AC-SECM studies 304L SS individually in any corrosive medium. were performed in passivated and pickled condition The exceptional corrosion resistance of coupled with surface and topography studies. The Zircaloy-4 in the nitric acid environment made local electrochemical activity of the passivated it a desirable candidate for dissolver vessels, surface exhibited relatively lower current and higher evaporators and heat exchangers. And the impedance over Zr-4 as compared to as-polished and majority of piping and structural parts of the pickled surface, indicating stable a passive film reprocessing plant are of AISI type 304L formation on immersion in HNO3 solution. The local austenitic stainless steel. The flyer material used electrochemical activity of the pickled surface in this study was zircaloy–4 of 10 mm thickness exhibited higher current and lower impedance over annealed at 723 ˚C for a period of 3 hrs. The 304L SS as compared to as-polished and passivated base material is AISI type 304L stainless steel surfaces due to passive film dissolution. This study of 25 mm thickness. During explosive welding demonstrates the capability of AC-IC-SECM in huge amount of stress got induced in both 304L obtaining localized corrosion map along with simultaneous surface topography imaging with high 15

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 resolution on dissimilar weld join at open circuit Ms. Ankita Pal, JRF, Indira Gandhi Centre for potential (OCP) in tap water without a redox mediator Atomic Research, Kalpkkam, Tamil Nadu, India even with irregular surface effects. Sacrificial anode cathodic protection systems for concrete structures with degraded coated reinforcing steel bars One of the major challenges faced by the cannot be neglected when sacrificial anodes are construction industry is the corrosion of employed blindly. embedded steel reinforcement (rebars) in reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The Figure 1. Degraded coated rebars used in application of organic coating over rebar construction sites surface to shield the rebars from the aggressive species is a widely adopted corrosion (https://www.bigstockphoto.com/image) prevention strategy for RC structures. Fusion Additionally, the effect of coating interface layer bonded epoxy, cement polymer composite, and existing in between the bare steel and the concrete on interpenetrating polymer network coatings are the corrosion protection mechanism of sacrificial some commonly used organic coatings anodes are yet to be explored. Most of the available available in the market. It is to be noted that literature focus on the use of sacrificial anodes for the these organic coatings can get damaged due to protection of uncoated rebars. Therefore, more improper construction practices such as lack of methodical work is needed on how to robustly capture surface preparation, direct exposure to the influence of cathodic polarisation by sacrificial terrestrial sunlight and mechanical straining anodes on the organic coating layer of steel rebars in processes (drilling, bending and dragging of reinforced concrete system. Although rebars). Figure 1 shows the picture of coated methodologically challenging, future research rebars used in construction sites in which the directed at confirming the effectiveness of using coating got damaged. sacrificial anodes in reinforced concrete systems Studies reveal that usage of such degraded using degraded coated rebars would be highly coated rebars can accelerate corrosion and can beneficial for both engineers and researchers in reduce the service life of the RC structures. In construction sector. such circumstances, there is a need to introduce a corrosion protection strategy in order to Ms. Arya, Junior Research Fellow, Rajiv Gandhi achieve the designed service life and/or to Institute of Technology, Kottayam, Kerala protect them from further corrosion. It is noted that many well-known ‘Corrosion control solution providers’ in construction sector utilise sacrificial anode cathodic protection systems to safeguard RC structures with degraded coated rebars. The sacrificial anodes for concrete structures are designed based on the design concept of Schweitzer’s cathodic protection for buried pipelines. Studies point to the fact that cathodic protection in coated pipelines cause blistering and extensive delamination of pipeline coating. The possibility of similar negative consequences occurring in the RC system 16

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 17

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 Awards and Honors of members 1. Dr. U. Kamachi Mudali-Advisor NIGIS SZ • Platinum Medal” for 2021 from the Indian Institute of the Metals (IIM) • The Top 2% of the Scientists from India working in the field of Materials based on an analysis by Stanford University • elected as Trustee of ASM International, USA for the period 2021-2024 • appointed as Chief Editor of Journal of Electrochemical Society of India for 2021-2025 • Editor-in-Chief of IIM-Springer Book Series from 2020-2021 Honour Lectures • National Technology Day Lecture, ARCI, Hyderabad, May 2021 • IIM Platinum Jubilee Lecture, IIM & IIM Coimbatore Chapter, June 2021 • Platinum Jubilee Independence Day Special Lecture, ASM Chennai Chapter, August 2021 • Gandhi Jayanthi Special Lecture, Materials Advantage IIT Kanpur Chapter, October 2021 • The Guru Talks-IIT Madras Alumni Lecture Series,November 2021. 2. Prof.Kamaraj- Professor in the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering at Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), Chennai, India • Elected as Fellow of the Indian National Academy of Engineering (INAE) • His research articles have been cited ~4204 times (H index -36). • The top 2% of scientists from India in Materials, based on an analysis by Stanford University • chairman of ASM international, Chennai Chapter • Vice-Chairman, NIGIS-SZ • Fellow of ASM International, USA (FASM, 2018), ), Indian Institute of Metals (FIIM, 2019), The Institution of Engineers (India) (FIE, 2017) and Indian welding society (FIWS, 2012). 3. Dr. Sridhar Tm-Asst. Professor, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Placement Officer, University of Madras • Excellence in Corrosion Science & Technology in Research & Education award by NIGIS Student members 1. Ankita Pal, Research scholar at Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu • Best paper award - for paper tiled “Alternating current scanning electrochemical microscopy: A tool for probing local electrochemical activity of dissimilar welds” at the National Seminar on “Welding Science and Technology – Present Status & Future Direction (NSWEST 2021)” webinar mode hosted by IIW, Chennai Branch on 23rd & 24th July, 2021. 2. Divya Rachel Rooby, Research scholar at the National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala, India. • NIGIS Corrosion Awareness Awards 2021 under the Student category for Best M. tech Thesis on Corrosion Science and Technology 3. Dyana Joseline, Research scholar at Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Tamil Nadu. • Best poster award (runner up), CORCON 2021, Mumbai, India • One of three recipients of the RILEM Ph. D. grant, from the International Union of Testing and Research Laboratories for Materials and Structures, 2021 • Recipient of Women leading IITM grant, 2021 18

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 • Co-Guest Editor of the special issue on “Corrosion and its Control in Concrete Structures” by Indian Concrete Journal with Dr. Radhakrishna G. Pillai, April 2021 issue 4. Deepak Kamde, Post doctoral Fellow, at Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Tamil Nadu. • Best Ph.D. Thesis Award 2021, NACE International Gateway India Section • Best Paper Presentation Award for ‘Service life extension of concrete structures by quarter- century’ in CORCON 2021, Mumbai, India, November 2021 • Winner of Segment 2 (Durability and Life-Cycle Assessment in Urban and Marine Conditions), Poster Presentation on ‘Accelerated Testing and Service Life Estimation of Galvanic Anodes in Reinforced Concrete Systems’ at 75th RILEM Annual Week, Merida, Mexico, September 2021. • Patent granted: Assessment of Galvanic Anode Performance (GAP) for cathodic protection (CP) of reinforced concrete structures, Inventors: Radhakrishna G. Pillai and Deepak K. Kamde, Patent Number: 387704 5. Karthikeyan Manickam, Research scholar at Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Tamil Nadu. • Best poster presentation award- for the paper title “Performance Evaluation and Service Life estimation of Galvanic Anodes in Reinforced Concrete Systems”, at CORCON 2021. 6. Hareesh Rongali, Research scholar at Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu • Best poster award (runner up), for the paper title Steam Oxidation of CVD Synthesized Pyrolytic Graphite at Different Pyrolysis Temperature for High Temperature Application, CORCON - 2021, 18 - 20 November, 2021, organized by NACE International Gateway India Section (Virtual mode). 7. Sudhisha V, research scholar in the department of chemistry, Anna University, Tamil Nadu • Best paper award for oral presentation - CORCON 2021 8. Rasita T P, Research scholar at Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu • NACE Foundation India scholarship (2021) 9. S Chandraleka, University of Madras, Chennai • NIGIS Corrosion Awareness Awards 2021 under the Student category for Best M. tech Thesis on Corrosion Science and Technology Journal Publications (Published/In-Press): 1. Ankita Pal , C. Thinaharan , Nanda Gopala Krishna , A. Ravi Shankar , John Philip, Studies on localized electrochemical activity of 304L SS-Zr-4 dissimilar joints using alternating current scanning electrochemical microscopy, Applied Surface Science, 578 (2022) 151958 2. D.R. Rooby, T.N. Kumar, M. Harilal, S. Sofia, R.P. George, J. Philip, Enhanced corrosion protection of reinforcement steel with nanomaterial incorporated fly ash based cementitious coating, Constr. Build. Mater. 275 (2021) 122130. 3. Joseline D., Pillai R. G., and Neelakantan, L, “Initiation of Stress Corrosion Cracking in Cold-drawn 19

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 Prestressing Steel Embedded in Cement Mortar Exposed to Chlorides”, Corrosion, Vol. 77, No. 8, pp. 906-922, 2021. 4. G Jena, S Sofia, B Anandkumar, SC Vanithakumari, RP George, J Philip, Graphene oxide/polyvinylpyrrolidone composite coating on 316L SS with superior antibacterial and anti- biofouling properties Progress in Organic Coatings 158, 106356, 2021 5. A Balakrishnan, G Jena, R Pongachira George, J Philip, Polydimethylsiloxane–graphene oxide nanocomposite coatings with improved anti-corrosion and anti-biofouling properties, Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28 (6), 7404-7422, 2021 6. G Jena, RP George, J Philip, Fabrication of a robust graphene oxide-nano SiO2-polydimethylsiloxane composite coating on carbon steel for marine applications, Progress in Organic Coatings 161, 106462, 2021 7. Deepak K. Kamde, Sylvia Kessler, and Radhakrishna G. Pillai (2021) “Condition assessment of reinforced concrete systems with fusion-bonded epoxy-coated rebars,” Corrosion Journal, NACE International, Vol. 77(12), https://doi.org/10.5006/3786, Q1 8. Deepak K. Kamde, Karthikeyan Manickam, Radhakrishna G. Pillai, and George Sergi (2021)“12-year Long Performance of Galvanic Anodes in Reinforced Concrete Systems,” Journal of Building Engineering, Elsevier, Vol. 42, 103049, 10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103049, Q1 9. Naveen Krishnan, Deepak K. Kamde, Zameel D. Veedu, Radhakrishna G. Pillai, Dhruvesh Shah, and Rajendran Velayudham (2021) “Long-term performance and life-cycle-cost benefits of cathodic protection systems in reinforced concrete systems,” Journal of Building Engineering, Elsevier, Vol. 42, 102467, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102467, Q1 10. Deepak K. Kamde and Radhakrishna G. Pillai (2021) “Corrosion initiation mechanisms and prediction of the service life of concrete systems with fusion-bonded-epoxy (FBE) coated steel rebars and exposed to chlorides,” Construction and Building Materials, Elsevier, Vol. 277, 122314, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122314, Q1 11. Manu Harilal, Deepak K. Kamde, Sudha Uthaman, Rani P. George, Radhakrishna G. Pillai, John Philip, and Albert, S.K. (2021), “Use of nanoparticles, fly ash and corrosion inhibitors to enhance the corrosion resistance of concrete structures,” Construction and Building Materials, Elsevier, Vol. 274, 122097, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CONBUILDMAT.2020.122097, Q1 12. Deepak K. Kamde, Marc Zintel, Sylvia Kessler, and Radhakrishna G. Pillai (2021) “Performance indicators and specifications for fusion-bonded-epoxy (FBE) coated steel rebars in concrete,” Journal on Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure, Taylor and Francis, 10.1080/23789689.2020.1871539, Q1 13. Deepak K. Kamde, Karthikeyan Manickam, Radhakrishna G. Pillai, and George Sergi, Long-term performance of galvanic anodes for the protection of steel-reinforced concrete structures, Journal of Building Engineering, Volume 42, 2021, 103049, ISSN 2352- 20

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 7102, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.103049 (This paper is already listed, we can delete this). 14. Tiwari, Ashish, Shweta Goyal, Vijay Luxami, Moloy K. Chakraborty, and G. Prabhakar. \"Assessment of corrosion inhibition efficiency of generic compounds having different functional groups in carbonated pore solution with chlorides and migration ability in concrete.\" Construction and Building Materials 290 (2021): 123275.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123275 15. Tiwari, Ashish, Shweta Goyal, Vijay Luxami, Moloy K. Chakraborty, and PrabhakarGundlapalli. \"Evaluation of inhibition efficiency of generic compounds with additional heteroatom in simulated concrete pore solution and migration potential in concrete.\" Journal of Building Engineering 43 (2021): 102490.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102490 16. Guleria, H., Purnima, Tiwari, A. K., and Goyal, S., (2021). “Performance of organic and inorganic functional groups as corrosion inhibitors in concrete experiencing extreme corrosive environment”, The Indian Concrete Journal, Vol. 95, No. 4, pp. 29- 37. https://www.icjonline.com/editionabstract_detail/042021 17. M. Ragavendran et al., Evaluation of Tensile Properties Using Uni-axial and Ball Indentation Testing and Correlation with Microstructure Variations Across the 316 LN Stainless Steel Weld Joints, Materials Science &amp; Engineering A. 18. M. Ragavendran et al Study of the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, Residual Stresses and Distortion in type 316LN Stainless Steel Medium Thickness Plate Weld Joints, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 19. M. Ragavendran et al Effect of Laser and Hybrid Laser Welding Processes on the Residual Stressesd Distortion in AISI Type 316L(N) Stainless Steel Weld Joints, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B. 19. M. Ragavendran et al SCC behaviour of Laser and Hybrid Laser welded Stainless Steel Weld Joints, Journal of Materials Science and Technology (Accepted in Jan 2022) 20. Paulson Varghese, E. Vetrivendan, B. R. Vaishnavi Krupa, Prabhat Kumar Shukla, Ram Kishor Gupta, E. Hemant Rao, Ganesh Puppala, S. Ningshen, Degradation of thermally sprayed Al2O3 coatings in reactor-grade liquid-sodium and its mitigation by laser treatment, Ceramics International 2021 (In press, Article reference-CERI31548) 21. Paulson Varghese, E. Vetrivendan, B.R. Vaishnavi Krupa, Prabhat Kumar Shukla, Ram Kishor Gupta, E. Hemant Rao, Ganesh Puppala, S. Ningshen, Molten sodium corrosion of laser surface remelted yttria-stabilized zirconia thermal barrier coatings, Corrosion Science, 191 (2021) 109740 22. Paulson Varghese, E. Vetrivendan, R. Krishnan, Tom Mathews, S. Ningshen, Plasma sprayed alumina-yttria composite ceramic coating for electrical insulation applications, Surface & Coatings Technology, 405 (2021) 126566 21

Volume 2; Issue 2, 2021 23. Pavan A.R., Chandrasekar N, Arivazhagan B, Kumar S, and Vasudevan M, Study of arc characteristics using varying shielding gas and optimization of activated-tig welding technique for thick AISI 316L(N) plates, CIRP J. of Manufacturing Science and Technology (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirpj.2021.08.013 24. Pavan, A.R., Arivazhagan, B., Sharma, G.K. Arun Kumar, S., Mahadevan, S., and Vasudevan, M, Influence of Hardening Models on the Estimation of Residual Stresses by Finite Element Modeling in Type 316LN Stainless Steel Weld Joints. J. of Materi Eng and Perform (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-022-06654-2 25. Teena Mouni, C., Ravishankar, C., Albert, S.K. et al. Effect of Prior Deformation Above Md Temperature on Tensile Properties of Type 304 Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel. Metall Mater Trans A 53, 95–106 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-021-06494-0 26. Teena Mouni C, Mahadevan S, Ravishankar C, Shaju K. Albert, C.R. Das, Pradyumna Kumar Parida, Archna Sagdeo, Influence of prior deformation temperature on strain induced martensite formation and its effect on the tensile strengthening behaviour of type 304 SS studied by XRDLPA, Materials Science and Engineering A, 826, 141960 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.141960 27. S Lavanya, S Mahadevan, CK Mukhopadhyay and S. Arun Kumar, Acoustic Emission during Press- Brake Bending of SS 304L Sheets and its Correlation with Residual Stress Distribution after Bending, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 31, 1550–1561 (2022). 28. .T. P. Rasitha, S. C. Vanithakumari, D. Nandagopalakrishna, R. P. George, R. Srinivasan and John Philip, Facile fabrication of robust superhydrophobic aluminum surfaces with enhanced corrosion protection and antifouling properties , Progress in Organic Coatings, 2022, 162, 106560 29. .T. P. Rasitha, C. Thinaharan, S. C. Vanithakumari and John Philip, A simple Approach for Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Titanium Surface with self-cleaning and bouncing properties, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2022,128110 30. . T. P. Rasitha and John Philip, Optimal Condition for Fabricating Mechanically durable Superhydrophobic Titanium Surface by Rapid Breakdown Anodization: Self cleaning and bouncing characteristics, Applied Surface Science, 2022, 585, 152628 I. 31. B Madhura, E. Vetrivendan, Ch. Jagadeeswara Rao and S. Ningshen, Evaluation of oxidation resistant SiC-ZrB2 composite interlayer for plasma sprayed Yttria coating over graphite, Corrosion Science, 190, 2021, pp. 109645. I.F: 7.205 22

Volume 1; Issue 1, 2020 COR-Road Journey Himalaya Bridge: 15mm beam reduced to 2 mm due to corrosion Himalayan bridge collapse on March 14, 2019 caused the death of seven people and left over 30 injured. It was revealed that the condition of bridge has drastically deteriorated. A test for thickness of the cross beam on the bridge which cracked found it had reduced to 2 mm from 15 mm. It showed that the bridge had corroded, and especially the thickness of the beam had reduced to 2 mm only. Visually the deteriorated condition couldn’t be made out as beautification works on the bridge like painting had been undertaken in the year 2016. The auditor who was expected to check the condition failed to do so as well. . Useful links: Link to the commemorative volume released on the occasion of superannuation of Dr. U. To become a NACE Member Kamachi Mudali, “A treatise in Corrosion https://www.nace.org/membership/members Science, Engineering and Technology” hip-types/student-membership https://1drv.ms/b/s!AiJosityWbm3iMxBnEU NACE Event calendar- w02tD4d2rbA?e=ruCgJ5 https://www.nace.org/events/event- listings/calendar For more details: Email to: [email protected]