In a normal case, a live-in housemaid is provided with separate furnished accommodation with all facilities and benefits besides monthly pay. However, a daughter in-law who is a member of the family certainly deserves to be treated better than a housemaid. All that she needs is to be treated with love, compassion and respect by the in-laws and other family members that would in-turn promote harmony between the spouses and the family. Fundamentals of a Happy Marriage Faith: The most basic and essential attribute of a Muslim marriage is the common faith that binds the couple. Since Islam is a way of life and not just a religion confined to weekly worship it becomes an integral part of a Muslim's life. The religious frame of reference shared by the couple creates an ease of communication and a sharing of values that is not possible in an interfaith marriage. It is highly recommended that faith play an important role in developing a loving relationship. For example: As the Prophet Muhammad (SAWS) said that when a husband feeds his wife, he gets a reward for this act and Allah increases the bond of love between them. So when we love each other for the sake of Allah (SWT) we actually increase our faith. Forbearance: Sabr is the most useful tool to have in managing a healthy lifestyle. Being patient and forbearing puts us in a proactive frame of mind it brings us closer to Allah (SWT) through tawakul and reliance. We develop an inner mechanism that empowers us to handle life's difficult moments. As Allah states in surat Al-Asr \"Surely by time humans are at loss, except those who believe and do righteous deeds and counsel each other to the truth and counsel each other to patience [sabr].\" Friendship with Your Spouse: This aspect of marriage has three components. The first is to develop a friendship with our spouses. The relationship based on friendship is more able to withstand outside pressures. We honor, trust, respect, accept and care for our friends, in spite of our differences. These are the aspects of friendship we should bring to our marriages. Unfortunately, one highly inappropriate aspect that people think of bringing to their marriage is the buddy scenario. Shariah has placed the husband in a leadership role within his family and this requires a certain decorum, which cannot be maintained if the spouses consider each other as pals. Page 51 of 64
This should not be taken to mean that husband is a dictator, but a shepherd who is responsible to and for his flock. This is a position of grave responsibility and places an enormous burden on the husband. Furthermore, the children need to see their parents as friends, but not as pals as this encourages disrespect. Friendship with In-Laws: The second aspect of friendship is to have friendly relations with in-laws. When couples compete as to whose parents is more important it becomes a constant source of grief. Much valuable time is wasted trying to convince one another of whose parents are most desirable. It is better if we accept that our spouses will not fall in love with our parents overnight just because we want them to. As long as they maintain relationships that are cordial and based on mutual respect, we should not force the issue. Couple Friends: The third aspect of friendship is our circle of friends. It is ok to have individual friends of the same gender but couples must also make an effort to have family friends so that they can socialize together. If there is friction being caused by a certain friendship it must not be pursued at the expense of the marriage. Prophet Mohammad (SAWS) advised us to choose God-fearing people as friends, since we tend to follow their way. Friends should be a source of joy and not mischief. Fun: Couples that do not laugh together have to work on sharing some fun times. The Prophet (SAWS) was known to play with his wives. A simple walk in the park can add much spark to the relationship. Taking up a sport together or watching appropriate funny movies is another way of sharing a laugh. Financial Plan: One of the most common points of contention in marriages is money. Experts tell us that 80% of marital conflicts are about money. It is, therefore, highly recommended that the couple put serious time and effort in developing a financial management plan that is mutually agreeable and is reviewed every six months or so. Preparing a budget together is also a helpful and wise way to handling household finances. It should be remembered that the wife's money in Islam is hers to do with as she pleases and therefore should not be considered family income unless she chooses to contribute it to the family. Respect for Family: Parenting can be a stressful experience if the parents are not well informed. This in turn can put extra pressure on the marriage. Sometimes couples are naive about the changes that come in lifestyle. This can cause depression in some cases, and resentment and Page 52 of 64
misunderstanding in others. One golden rule that must always be the guide is \"family comes first.\" Whenever there is evidence that the family is not happy or not our first priority, it is time to assemble at the kitchen table and discuss the situation with open hearts and open minds. Couples who have elderly parents have an added responsibility to take care of them; this can also be very stressful if the couple is not prepared. A care plan must be worked out with respective siblings and parents as to who will be the primary care giver and what type of support network they will have. In case of mental incompetence a power of attorney must be in place. The making of a will is essential. Freedom: Marriage in Islam is a partnership and not bondage or slavery. To consider the wife as one's property is alien to the Islamic concept of husband and wife. The team spirit is enhanced and not curtailed when members of the team are free to be themselves. Freedom in the common western sense is to be free to do as one pleases, or even to be selfish. But what is meant by allowing freedom to one's spouse is to be considerate of her needs and to recognize her limitations. Plan for the Future: Smart couples plan for their future together. They work on their financial and retirement plans. They make wills and discuss these plans with their children. This provides peace of mind and secures the relationship. Fulfillment: To be all one can be to one's spouse is a very fulfilling and rewarding experience. To be in love means to give one's all. The heart does not put conditions or make stipulations; it gives without expecting anything in return, but such selfless giving is always rewarded ten-fold. Be Forgiving: When the Prophet Mohammad (SAWS) asked his companions, “Do you wish that Allah should forgive you?” they said, “Of course O Prophet of Allah.” He responded, “Then forgive each other.” One of the main components of a happy marriage is that the spouses are able to forgive one another, and that they do not hold grudges or be judgmental towards each other. It is expected that when we live with someone, situations will arise where we say or do things that hurt our spouses. The challenge is not to dwell on it or lay blame but to move past it. This can only happen if we are not too proud to ask for forgiveness and we are not stingy to forgive. If we hope for Allah to forgive us then we must learn to forgive. Be Willing to Forget: When we constantly remind our spouses of all the times they have let us down or hurt us, we have not truly forgiven. Things that happened in the past must be left there and not be Page 53 of 64
used as fresh ammunition in new situations. Couples who always bring in the past usually fall in a rut and become victims of their own pettiness, unable to break free. Be Flexible: Many couples unnecessarily make themselves miserable because they are unwilling to bend a little. We should not expect our spouses to be extensions of ourselves; they are their own person, with their own personalities and likes and dislikes. We must respect their right to be themselves as long as it does not compromise their deen. Being inflexible and not accommodating for individual differences leads to a very stressful and tense home atmosphere. Be Faithful: It is commanded by Allah (swt) that we be faithful to our spouses. Adultery is a crime in Islam that is punishable by death. However, there are various forms of unfaithful behavior prevalent among some Muslims; the most common form is maintaining friendships with the opposite sex beyond the boundaries set by Islam. The latest trend of Internet relationships is also contrary to Islamic adab and is causing serious problems between couples. Once a sense of betrayal sets in, repairing that relationship is difficult. Another form of not being faithful is when couples betray confidences. This is a trust issue and one, when compromised; it eats away at the heart of a marriage. Be Fair: Usually when we are angry or displeased the tendency is to not play fair. We try to convince ourselves that since we have been wronged, it is OK to be unjust in our behavior and our statements. Allah (swt) states in the Quran, do not be unjust under any circumstances, even to your enemy, and here we are talking about our life partners and the parent of our children. To use words such as “never” and “always” when describing the behavior of the partner is unfair and puts the other on defensive. Be Flirtatious: A sure way to keep romance in a marriage is to flirt with your spouse. Many successful marriages have maintained a youthful demeanor by adopting special names for each other and secret communication styles. It is essential that your spouse always feel special and desired. Be Frank: Misunderstandings happen when couples are not honest with each other. In a marital relationship, the partners must feel safe to speak their mind with due consideration to the other’s feeling, but without compromising their own views. When the communication is not Page 54 of 64
frank it hinders the development of closeness and deep understanding of each other’s inner self. Be a Facilitator: When choosing our life partner, we must as the Prophet (SAWS) advised, look for a pious Muslim. The reason is that, their first and foremost goal is the pleasure of Allah (swt). This commitment to Allah makes them an excellent facilitator for enhancing their partner’s spiritual development. In essence the couple facilitates their family’s commitment to Allah (swt) and his deen. Be Flattering: Paying compliments and indulging in honest flattery is a very inexpensive way to win your spouse’s heart. Everyone likes to be appreciated and noticed. So being miserly about compliments is actually depriving oneself of being appreciated in return. Be Fallible: It often happens that our expectations sometimes are so high that we lose sight of the fact that we are fallible beings. When couples start to nitpick and demand the impossible they must remind themselves that only Allah (swt) is perfect. Be Aware of Feelings: Prophet Mohammad (saws) stated that Allah forgives all sins if we repent but not those we have committed against others, i.e. hurting their feelings, unless the person we have hurt forgives first. Couples are sometimes very careless when it comes to their spouse’s feelings; they take them for granted and assume that the other knows what they mean. It is surprising that people are more sensitive and courteous to strangers than they are to their loved ones. One must be ever vigilant and careful that they do not hurt the feelings of their spouses and if they do they should apologize as soon as possible. Since one does not know when someone they love will leave this world, is it not better to make amends when we have the time? Be Fond: So many times couples fail to work on developing fondness for each other by ignoring to see their spouses as people through the eyes of their respective friends. Spending quality time alone doing and sharing activities are ways in which one can develop fondness. Page 55 of 64
A SIMPLE WEDDING The benefits of a simple wedding: The most important and obvious advantage of having a small wedding is lesser expenses, resulting in greater savings. The money that will be saved from the wedding can be used for a number of important things, like buying a new home, making investments for a secured future, for your children’s education, and other personal necessities. A decision to celebrate the wedding in a simple manner would certainly bring manifold benefits such as: a) It would be in compliance with the Sunnah of the Prophet (saw). b) There would be more blessings to the couple and the families by avoiding extravagance. c) There will be a greater bonding with the Masjid. d) All acts of disobedience will be eliminated. e) Parents will be out of debts, loans and usury. f) The amount could be spent on wedding essentials. g) The savings could help to invest in property and a continuous income for the daughter. h) The savings could help the couple to perform Umrah or go on a foreign trip. i) It will help the society to overcome many a social evils. 1.Marriage proposal: a. Having a standard bio-data b. Family Visits to be restricted to two visits only. c. Pre-wedding rituals and traditions such as: Mangni (engagement), Haldi, Shukrana, etc. to be eliminated completely. d. Post-wedding rituals such as: Jummagi, Chauthi, Satvasa etc. etc. to be eliminated completely. 2. Nikah: a. Venue: To be conducted in the Masjid (whoever books an expensive wedding hall – Daftar (Register) not to be given by the Masjid) b. Invitees: To be reduced as much as possible from Groom and Bride. 3.Wedding feast: As the Nikah is performed at a Masjid, the bride’s parents should provide high tea to those present at the Nikah. Page 56 of 64
High tea: No Muslim should feel obliged to continue the un-Islamic traditions, or be embarrassed about breaking with their age old cultural traditions. The practice of arranging expensive wedding feasts will In-sha-Allah be eradicated resulting in elimination of all financial obstacles, debts and loans taken on interest by the bride’s parents. “O ye who believe! Fear Allah and give up what remains of your demand for usury, if ye are indeed believers. If ye do it not, take notice of war from Allah and His Messenger.” (Al-Baqara 278-279) Ibne Abbas (RA) states the following about the above verse: The person who devours or gives usury will be addressed as follows on the Day of Judgment: “Take your weapon to fight.” “If ye do it not, - that is, if you do not abandon usury - take notice of war from Allah and His Messenger.” O he who devours or gives usury! A majority of them have kept the traditions alive due to ignorance, fear of society and a lack of Islamic knowledge. And for those who are aware of Islamic rules but ignore to follow due to their arrogance should become aware of the following Hadith: Abdullah Ibn Mas’ud (RA) reported: the Prophet (saw) said, “No one who has the weight of a seed of arrogance in his heart will enter Paradise.” Arrogance is the reason behind many of the sins that man commits. One will not accept reality if arrogance is left to grow. One will stand against the truth; one will think that his own opinions and customs are correct; he will not be a servant of Allah anymore. In the End Times of the community of the faithful people, those who adorn the mosques but leave their own hearts in ruins, who fail to look after their religion as much as they do their clothes, who forsake their religious obligations for the sake of their activities in this world, will increase in number.(Agreed upon). 3. Walimah: It has been reported from the Messenger of Allah (SAW): “Walimah on the first day is confirmed (haq), and on the second day, it is good (ma’ruf), and on the third day, it is showing off.” (Sunan Abu Dawud, no. 3738). If necessary the Walimah expenses could also be proportioned between the bride and groom’s family. Since the Walimah is a Sunnah of our Holy Prophet (SAW), arrangement of Walimah is done by the groom, but if the bride's family wish to share the expenses of Walimah without any demand Page 57 of 64
or coercion; then there's no objection to it according to Shariah. 4. Wedding celebrations and budget: According to an estimate around 73 million women are unmarried, divorced, widowed or separated who constitute 21% of India's 353 million women above the age of 20. About 40% of the population of single women has grown between 2001 and 2011. Among the several reasons that lead to a delay in marriage are the higher costs of living and greater financial responsibilities, “Exaggerated requirements for marriage these days, a weakness of religious faith, ostentatious wedding parties, social appearances, as well as new ways of thinking among young women suggesting that they choose career and independence, have all had their influences on the age for marriage.” Prophet Muhammad (saw) considered simple weddings the best weddings: ‘The best wedding is that upon which the least trouble and expense is bestowed”. (Mishkat) 5. Basic budget for a wedding celebration: Weddings are celebrated with pomp and gaiety. A wedding ceremony in India could cost anywhere between Rs.50,000 to 500 crores. In a majority of weddings lavish amount is spent on all aspects of the event to showcase the family status in the society. A majority of middle class families who indulge in financially crippling celebrations end up in loans and debts. The couple’s happiness too lasts a few days and they start facing the lightning bolt of reality as they get engulfed in various social and financial problems soon after the marriage. Wedding parties are celebrated to express happiness and joy in the family but one should not fall into extravagance. The argument that it is only once in a lifetime cannot be an excuse to spend unnecessarily. Extravagance in dowries and competing in offering lavish wedding feasts leads to overstepping the mark. Some celebrations incorporate haraam things that lead to immorality, such as mixing between men and women on some occasions, men and women dancing together, videography in a mixed environment, lighting systems, singing and musical instruments being played at loud volume all night. It is therefore intended that, with prudence the wedding celebration should not only be a joyous occasion but also be economical to the bride, groom and their parents. It should also provide long-lasting joy and happiness to the couple as well as serve a good purpose to the society. Page 58 of 64
If parents have already saved a substantial amount for the wedding, it is still better to follow the rules of a simple wedding and from the remaining amount parents can purchase a flat in their name and have the rent amount credited to their daughter’s bank account. This will ensure that the daughter gets regular income to meet some of her personal needs as well as she could avoid taking additional pains of employment. For those parents who have wealth in abundance and want to spend about One crore to 500 crores on the wedding, they can still follow the rules of a simple wedding as explained above and spend the remaining amount for some of the following causes: 1. Build a school in your daughter/son’s name 2. Build a hospital in your daughter/son’s name 3. Establish a charity foundation in your daughter/son’s name 4. Sponsor education for poor students in your daughter/son’s name 5. Sponsor mass weddings of needy girls. 6. Build a house or houses for poor people in your daughter/son’s name. (A nominal rent from the housing could be credited to your daughter/son’s account.) Jewelry: Due to customs and traditions there is a huge demand for jewelry in a wedding. After the wedding, the jewelry is usually worn on festivals, family weddings or some special events. Eventually, the bulk of jewelry ends up in a locker. A major part of the wedding budget is occupied by jewelry. In many cases, parents are forced to take loans or sell properties to meet the demands for jewelry. Apart from import of petrol, India imports more than 600 tons of gold each year equal to 75 percent of the current account deficit. Government is mulling ways to curb gold imports, as it is causing trade gap to widen. India consumed 864 tons of gold used for jewelry, bars and coins in 2012. An estimated 25,000 tons of gold in the form of jewelry is held by Indian households which is unproductive. The purchase of gold for marriages (around 12,000 marriages a day) falls between 300-400 tons annually. Economists predict that higher per capita income will cause the average amount of gold used in weddings to double over the next five years. A nation’s prosperity is based solely on average income per person (GDP per capita). However, it is also the joy of everyday life and the prospect of being able to build an even better life in the future which is more important than accumulation of wealth. Indian economy is being damaged by importing tons of gold each year. The Jewelry market in India is attracting the customers by offering discounts, installment schemes or a gram of gold upon purchase of jewelry. Banks are providing loans for purchasing gold. The loan carries an interest rate between the ranges of 10-12 per cent. Those who have financial constraints opt for these schemes and eventually fall into huge debts. Page 59 of 64
As it is said “All that glitters is not gold”, If this fatal attraction to gold particularly purchasing jewelry for marriages is curbed, we can not only save many families from debts and untold miseries but also dampen gold imports leading to a positive change in the account deficit of the nation. This can only happen collectively as a society just like the collective efforts of Finns resulted in a healthiest nation. It would therefore be wise to spend a small amount on jewelry and limit purchase of gold from the bride and groom’s side. This will once again help the Ummah to be tension free and debt free. Those who make huge demands or wish to give huge jewelry out of fear of the society than fear of the Aakhirah, it would be a disastrous choice. \"Know (and understand well) that, verily, the life of this world is (but) play, amusement, adornment, mutual pride (viewing with one another in material possession and worldly pomp) and mutual rivalry in accumulating wealth and children. In the Hereafter is a dreadful punishment (for the rebellious ones) and (for the people of Imaan) will be forgiveness and pleasure from Allah.\" (Sura Hadeed) \"You prefer the worldly life (to the AKHIRAH) whereas the Hereafter is best and everlasting.\" (Surah A'laa) Ka' b Bin Malik (radiallahu anhu) narrates that Rasulullah (SAW) said: \"Two hungry wolves let loose in a flock of sheep do not cause so much damage to the flock as does the love of wealth and vanity cause to one's Deen (Tirmizi. Darmi) Personal items: A majority of men, women and children buy clothes and other accessories based on their choice of color and taste. Emotional needs are the most important quality dimension impacting consumers' satisfaction during wearing. Personality, age, environment, social & cultural influences play a vital role in the choice of clothes, footwear and other accessories. It is therefore wise that the bride and groom buy these items of their choice. In line with tradition, the bride’s parents usually give around 50-100 dresses and sarees which are stored in the wardrobe for several years and some clothes are not used due to change in measurements or they are out of fashion by the time they are used. It is therefore preferred that the amount spent on clothes should be minimal so that the couple could purchase clothes of their choice whenever and wherever they go for shopping after marriage. If desired, the amount saved in excessive purchase of clothes could be deposited in the bride’s account for future purchases. It will also save a lot of time and effort. Footwear, handbags and other accessories that are given in bulk get spoilt over a period of time as they are stored and moved from place to place. These items too should be minimized Page 60 of 64
as these can be purchased as and when required while the couple goes out for shopping. Furniture and home appliances: If a paying guest house could provide a fully furnished accommodation with all facilities for a short term stay, it is a matter of shame if a Husband is unable to provide these basics for his life partner. On the other hand, in a majority of cases, furniture and appliances that are given by the bride’s parents in the form of dowry are stored in racks for future use. However, due to handling and movement of these items from place to place, some of these appliances break or go out of use. Providing furniture, home and kitchen appliances should be the responsibility of the husband. ((Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allah has made one of them to excel the other, and because they spend (to support them) from their means.)) [An-Nisa', 34] Charity: At a joyous occasion when a person is achieving half of Iman by getting married, it would be an appropriate time to do some charity. When a person is able to spend 100s of thousands on the ceremonies, paying a small amount to the local Masjid/Madrasa, an orphanage or to a Trust in-charge of marriages of poor girls would not only help in the affairs of this worldly life but also result in earning rewards for the hereafter. Umrah: After having saved a substantial amount by avoiding the aforesaid traditional and un-Islamic activities, it would be wise for the couple to plan for an “Umrah” after marriage in order to thank Allah (SWT) and seek his blessings in their married life. It would also provide an opportunity to perform Ziyarah of Rasulullah (SAW) at Madinah Munawwara which is indeed among the greatest blessings and fortunes. Parenting: Many new mothers prefer to spend their first few weeks with their newborn baby, at their mother’s home. This is so that they can rest and gain a quick recovery while they have their mothers taking good care of them and the new baby too. In line with the traditions, on the 7th month of pregnancy of the first child, the bride’s parents go to their daughter’s in-laws house with sweets, food, new clothes for their pregnant daughter and son-in-law. Some parents even gift gold to their daughters. The two families have a get-together and the bride’s parents take their daughter to their place for the delivery and 40 days after the delivery a function is held. It has become a must for the new mother to spend the first 40 days after giving birth at her mother’s home as well as the cost of child birth is borne by the bride’s parents. The above practices are only a tradition and not compulsory or even preferable in Islam. Moreover, all costs related to any celebration post marriage, pregnancy, post-pregnancy should be borne by the husband. Page 61 of 64
Medical expenses: The couple should spare some amount to get their Medical Insurance Cards. Insurance is a means to relieve stress and hardship. An authentic Hadith outlines a great promise: “Whoever relieves a Muslim of one hardship of this life will be relieved by God of one of the hardships of the Day of Judgment; and whoever makes things easy for a person in difficulty will have his things made easy by God both in this life and in the life to come.” Hence, health insurance is appropriate from the Islamic point of view. The preferred form, however, is the one that provides maximum benefit for the insured, and guarantees maximum equity, quality, efficiency and disease prevention in the provision of health services. Needless to say, this differs from time to time and place to place. The best gift to children: Prophet Muhammad (saw) said: \"If I had (a mountain of) gold, I would love that, before three days had passed, not a single (coin) thereof remained with me if I found somebody to accept it (as charity), excluding some amount that I would keep for the payment of my debts.\" Sahih Al-Bukhari, Volume 9, Hadith 334 Property and family disputes account for 76% of litigation. Wars over wealth take place across every stratum from low-income households to ultra-rich families. Parents in India famously do not write wills; it is assumed that sons will inherit while daughters will not. When daughters challenge this assumption, they are accused of being greedy and brothers threaten them with a loss of visitation rights. Women generally are deprived from inheriting property. In some places an oath is taken by a woman on Holy Quran to remain unmarried for the rest of her life or not to claim her share of inheritance and is deemed to be married with the Holy Quran. Islamic law addresses a range of domestic and personal matters, including marriage, divorce and inheritance. \"It is prescribed upon you, when death approaches (any) one of you - if he leaves behind wealth – then he should make a will (wasiyyah) for his parents and near relatives in a fair manner [in the one-third]. This is a duty upon the pious people. (2:180) The Prophet (SAW) stated: “it is not permissible for any Muslim who has something to Will, to stay for two nights without having his last will written and kept ready with him.” (Bukhari, Abu Dawud and Muslim). In Islam men and women both have the right of ownership. Allah says in the Qur'an, 'To men belong what they earn, and to women what they earn.' (An-Nisa': 32). After marriage the property of a man or woman does not automatically become the property of his/her spouse, unless they both want and decide to have joint ownership. Just as a man is allowed to handle his property according to his judgment, so also a woman is allowed to handle her property according to her judgment. In a wife's property, her Will is honored and in a husband's Page 62 of 64
property, his Will is honored. It is therefore better to make a ‘WILL’ as per Shariah, legalize it and provide a copy to the heirs. By not writing a Will, you are leaving the door open for disputes and legal battles amongst the siblings. Writing more than one-third to a person or a cause means depriving the potential heirs of their rightful share in the estate; and therefore, it is considered unjust and wrong. It is essential that all Muslims leave a valid written Will. Those who have, as yet, not made a Will should haste and prepare a Will. Writing a Will is not only for old people, rather all those who have reached puberty should quickly get their Will prepared, for there is no guarantee of when one will die. Page 63 of 64
References: https://fiqh.islamonline.net/en/the-importance-of-marriage-in-islam Chuck Gallozzi, Personal-Development.com, Making Right Choices (with some modifications) Dr. Saalih Ibn Ghaanim Al-Sadlan, Translated by: Jamaal al-Din M. Zarabozo, Reprinted from Almerja.com: 10 benefits of Marriage in Islam The Fiqh of Marriage in the Light of the Quran and Sunnah Rodney H. Clarken, Signs for Selecting a Spouse for a Successful Marriage Ruqayyah Waris Maqsood, Forced Marriages Dr. Saalih Ibn Ghaanim Al-Sadlan, Translated by: Jamaal al-Din M. Zarabozo, The Fiqh of Marriage in the Light of the Quran and Sunnah Rabia Mills, A Canadian Muslimah, Prenupital Agreement Reprinted with modifications from Zawaj.com, Wedding Celebrations Moulana Saleem Dhorat, Islamic Wedding Nurul Aiman, Reprinted from Mukmin.com, Waleemah in Islam Hajiya Bilkisu Yusuf, Editor, Citizens Communication Ltd., Kaduna, Sexuality and the Marriage Institution In Islam: An Appraisal Dr. Saalih Ibn Ghaanim Al-Sadlan, Translated by: Jamaal al-Din M. Zarabozo, The Fiqh of Marriage in the Light of the Quran and Sunnah Page 64 of 64
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