Health Science FlipBook (Haley Byun 1A)

System Flipbook By: Haley Byun 1A Health Science/Adam Pickett

Integumentary System (Day 1) Function: Protects body’s internal living tissues and organs, protects against invasion by infectious organisms, protects the body from dehydration, helps regulate body temperatures, and helps with stimuli (touch). 10 Vocabulary Words Diseases/Disorders Healthcare careers >Sebum - Oily secretion from -Albinism - Inherited and ~Dermatologists: prevents normal Physician who Key Terms sebaceous glands. production of melanin diagnose and treats >Epidermis - Outermost layer of (resulting in really pale conditions/diseases of Derm/o, Dermat/o - Skin the skin. skin and white hair). skin, hair, and nails. Kerat/o - Hard, >Dermis - Lies directly below the -Gangrene - Necrosis of ~Plastic Surgeons: horn-shaped tissue tissue due to loss of Performs operations to Xer/o - Dry epidermis. blood supply, followed by change or enhance a bacterial infection. feature on someone. Xanth/o - Yellow >Subcutaneous Layer (aka the -Vitiligo - Loss of They also do Erythr/o - Red pigment, in certain areas, reconstructive Pedicul/o - Hypodermis) - Innermost layer creating milky-white surgeries to injuries. patches. ~Physician Therapists: Louse(singular) ; of the skin. -Basal Cell Carcinoma - Helps people who are Slow growing, malignant injured with their Lice(plural) >Hair Follicles - Tiny secretory tumor of the basal cell mobility and helps layer of epidermis. Which Onych/o - Nail (Fingernail cavities from which hair grows. spreads to other parts of control their pain. or Toenail) the body. Myc/o - Fungus >Melanocytes - Cells that Pil/o - Hair; Hair follicle contain and produce melanin. Lip/o - Fat >Melanin - Dark brown-to-black Rhytid/o - Wrinkle pigments. Albin/o - White >Non-cancerous Lesions - Area of benign tissue. >Cancerous Lesions - Area of malignant tissue. >Collagen - Fibrous protein (found in skin).

Musculoskeletal System (Day 2) Function: Bones, muscles, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints, and other connective tissue are joined together to provide form, support, stability, and movement in the body. Diseases/Disorder Key Terms 10 Vocabulary Words Tendinitis - Inflammation and irritation to the tendon. My/o - Muscle >Cartilage - Flexible, rubbery connective tissue1. Myel/o - Bone Marrow ; Spinal Cord Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - Oste/o - Bone >Tendons - Connective tissue that binds Condition which causes Cost/o - Rib numbness, tingling, or Crani/o - Skull muscles to bones tissue that connects2. weakness in hands. (This -pexy - Fixation ; To put in place >Ligaments - Connective Chondr/o - Cartilage happens when your median nerve bone to bone goes through the transverse carpal ligament). >Bursa- Sac of fluid near joints and promotes Osteoarthritis - When smooth sliding of one tissue against another protective cartilage that supports the ends of your Arthr/o - Joint >Medullary Cavity- Also known as marrow bones, wears down after time. -plegia - Paralysis cavity. Is central cavity of bone shafts where Disorder commonly affects joints in Kinesi/o - Movement red bone marrow and yellow bone marrow is hands, knees, and spine. stored Fibromyalgia - Widespread muscle/musculoskeletal pain Healthcare careers >Yellow Bone Marrow- Fatty tissue found at 3. and tenderness. ~Orthopedic: Branch dealing with end of long bones in adults >Red Bone Marrow- Found in cancellous bone; medicine and surgery dealing site of hematopoiesis with conditions of the muscle and >Cancellous Bone- Spongy, porous bone bone (musculoskeletal system). tissue in the inner part of a bone ~Rheumatology Physician: >Compact Bone- Hard, dense bone tissue, Diagnose and treats arthritis and usually found around outer portion of bones other disease in joints, muscles, and bones. >Collagen- Dense, connective tissue protein 4. strands found in bone and other tissues

Nervous System (Day 3) Function: The nervous system allows us to receive information about the environment around us and helps us react with motor responses. Key Terms (10) Vocabulary Words Diseases/Disorders Neur/o - nerve 1. Nerve - Bundle of fibers that transmits ● Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Encephal/o - brain impulses of sensation to the brain or -Form of dementia (memory loss) Myel/o - spinal cord spinal cord, and impulses from these to the muscles and organs. ● Bell’s palsy Ambul/o - walking 2. Neurons - Cell specialized to conduct -Unilateral paralysis of nerves that -esthesia - feeling ; sensation nerve impulses. control facial muscles. (Causes one Mening/o - meninges 3. Spinal cord - Column of neural tissue side of the face to droop temporarily) Psych/o - mind 4. inside the vertebral column. Concuss/o - shaken together ; Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) - CSF is a clear, ● Cerebral palsy (CP) violently agitated watery fluid that helps protect the -Disorder that affects movement brain/spinal cord tissues from injury. and muscle tone. (Caused by trauma to the brain before birth) 5. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) -All the Healthcare careers 6. nerves in the body except for the CNS. ● Phobia >Neurosurgeon - Specializes in Central Nervous System (CNS) - Consists -Exaggerated fear of a specific treating disease/conditions in the of the brain and spinal cord. (Functions as object/situation causing anxiety nervous system. the command center of the body) and panic attacks >Electroneurodiagnostic Technologist - uses specialized 7. Frontal Lobe - Controls movement, ● Dyslexia diagnostic equipment to monitor patient’s nervous system reasoning, planning, problem solving, -Learning disorder (Difficulty in speech, and emotions. recognizing and comprehending >Neurologist - Specialist in the 8. Parietal Lobe - Processes sensory stimuli written language). (touch, pressure, temperature, and pain) 9. Occipital Lobe - Controls vision anatomy, functions, and disorders 10. Temporal Lobe - Responsible for hearing, sense of smell, factual and visual memory, of the nervous system and language processing.

Special Senses (Day 4) Function: The special senses help you to see, smell, hear, taste, and touch things around our environment using special sensory organs. Key Terms 11 Vocabulary Healthcare Irid/o - Iris 1. Eyes: Helps with vision Careers -cusis - Hearing 2. Nose: Helps you smell -opia - Vision condition 3. Ears: Helps you to hear >Optometrist: Ot/o - Ear 4. Tongue: Helps to taste things Tympan/o - Tympanic membrane 5. Skin: Helps with touch Responsible for (Eardrum) 6. Taste Buds: Tiny, sensitive bulb-like performing eye exams Opthalm/o - Eye structures that allow you to distinguish and diagnosing any -metry - Process of measuring different tastes and textures. injuries, impairments, or 7. Pacinian Corpuscles: Ending of diseases in the eye. Diseases/Disorders sensory nerves that help feel pressure >Audiologist; specialist and vibrations. who works with hearing ● Blepharitis - Inflammation of the eyelid. 8. Cochlea: Snail-like structure of inner and hearing disorders. ● Cataract - Clouding of the lens caused by ear that contains fluids which sound They can test for hearing vibrations travel through. loss. accumulation of protein in the lens. 9. Retina: thin layer of tissue that lines >Ophthalmologist: ● Deafness - Loss of the ability to hear posterior of the eye internally. Performs eye exams and ● Neuropathy - Disease in nerves that 10. Pupil: black circular opening that diagnoses various eye surrounds center of the iris allowing disorders. They prescribe involves pain or loss of sensation light to enter the eye. glasses, contact lenses, ● Ageusia - Absence of gustatory sense 11. Len: Clear, curved, flexible structure or medication to treat eye that focuses images on the retina. conditions. (sense of taste) ● Anosmia - Absence of the sense of smell

Cardiovascular System (Day 5) Function: Heart pumps blood in order to move/circulate nutrients through blood vessels to nourish and remove metabolic wastes from the body. Brings oxygen into the body and carbon dioxide out the body. Key Terms 12 Vocabulary Words Diseases/Disorders Cardi/o (Heart) >Arteries - Pumps blood away from the ~Aneurysm - Localized, Angi/o (Vessel) heart. Hem/o, Hemat/o (Blood) >Veins - Pumps blood toward the heart. ballon-like dilation of a blood Brady- (Slow) >Pacemaker - electrical device that is vessel. Tachy- (Fast) implanted in chest or abdomen to control Thromb/o (Clot) abnormal cardiac rhythms through series ~Arteriosclerosis - -emia (Blood Condition) of electrical discharges. Leuk/o (White/White Blood Cell) >Pulmonary Pathway - Oxygenates into Condition of thickening, Erythr/o (Red/Red Blood Cell) lungs. hardening, and loss of elasticity Arteri/o (Artery) >Systemic Pathway - Oxygenated blood in the arterial walls. through body. Healthcare Careers > Endocardium - Layer inside heart. ~Coronary Artery >Myocardium - Muscular middle layer of ~Cardiologist: Physician who heart. Disease (CAD) - Narrowing specializes in diagnosis and >Pericardium - Layer around the heart. treatment of heart diseases and >Erythrocytes - Red Blood Cells of the coronary arteries, conditions. >Leukocytes - White Blood Cells resulting in n insufficient blood ~Cardiovascular Technologist: Also >Thrombocytes - Platelets supply to the heart. known as the cardiovascular >Capillaries - Tiny blood vessels that technician provides assistance to connect arteries to veins. ~Myocarditis - Inflammation doctors in diagnosing and treating heart diseases and conditions. of the myocardium. ~Myocardial Infarction (MI) - Heart attack.

Respiratory System (Day 6) Function: Helps bring oxygen into the lungs and brings carbon dioxide out. Key Terms 10 Vocabulary Words Diseases/Disorder Bronch/o (Bronchus) >Pharynx- Transports air, liquids, and 1. Chronic Obstructive Cyan/o (Blue) food. Pulmonary Disease (COPD) - Laryng/o (Larynx;Voice Box) >Larynx (Voice Box)- Box of cartilage Reduced ability of lungs to -oxia (Condition of oxygen) that contains vocal cords perform ventilation. Oxy- (Containing oxygen) >Vocal Cords- Vibrates when 2. Cystic Fibrosis (CF) - Inherited Pleur/o (Rib;Side;Pleura) exhaling to create voice disease causing chronic Pneum/o (Lung;Air) >Trachea- Flexible tube that carries respiratory infections with Pulmon/o (Lung) air into the chest cavity excessive mucus, sweat, and Thorac/o (Chest) >Bronchus- Two rigid tubes that digestive juices in the lungs. Trache/o (Trachea;Windpipe) branch off the trachea. 3. Pulmonary Embolism (PE) - >Bronchioles- Multiple branches of Blood clot in the lungs Healthcare Careers smaller tubes that take air into all 4. Tuberculosis (TB) - Contagious parts of the lungs bacterial infection in lungs >Pulmonologist - Physician >Ventilation- Breathing in and out which spreads through who specializes in respiratory (air moves into and out of lungs) coughing or sneezing. system, from the windpipe to >Respiration- Gas exchange 5. Pleural Effusion - Leakage of the lungs. (exchange between oxygen and fluid into pleural cavity. >Respiratory Therapist - carbon dioxide) Specialized healthcare >Pleura- Thin membrane that practitioner trained to work protects the lungs therapeutically with patients >Diaphragm- Helps expand and who have breathing or other contract when you breathe. cardiopulmonary disorders.

Digestive System (Day 7) Function: Group of organs that work together to convert food into energy and create nutrients for the body. Also gets rid of metabolic wastes. 10 Vocabulary Words Diseases/Disorder Key Terms >Ingestion - intake of food and liquids into >Anorexia Nervosa - Condition Cholecyst/o (Gallbladder) the body involving self deprivation of Enter/o (Intestines (usually >Digestion - Food being broken down into food (pathological weight loss) small intestines)) smaller components >Bulimia Nervosa - Gorging with food and then purging it Col/o, Colon/o (Colon;Large >Salivary glands - Produces saliva to >Gastroesophageal Reflux Intestine) Disease (GERD) - Backwards lubricates mouth and dissolves flow of the stomach acids into the esophagus. Hepat/o (Liver) carbohydrates >Hepatitis - Inflammation of the liver Gastr/o (Stomach) >Liver - Filters blood coming from digestive >Irritable Bowel Syndrome Fun Fact: Or/o (Mouth) tract before passing it around the body also (IBS) - intestinal disorder The -pepsia (Digestion) detoxifies chemicals and metabolizes drugs, causing cramping, pain, average Chol/e (Gall;Bile) and creates bile. diarrhea, and constipation person Proct/o (Rectum;Anus) >Small Intestine - Absorbs nutrients (IBS cause isn’t understood produces 2 >Large Intestine - Absorbs water and well) pints of >Crohn’s Disease- Chronic saliva Healthcare Careers electrolytes, produces and absorbs vitamins, disease that cause every day. and forms/propels feces toward rectum for inflammation of digestive -healthline >Gastroenterologist - Physician excretion. tract. specializing in diseases in the >Esophagus - Muscular tube that helps bring digestive system including food down into the stomach esophagus, stomach, and >Gallbladder - Stores bile which is delivered to intestines. the duodenum (first part of small intestine) to >Proctologist - Physician help break down fat from your food in. specializing in disease of the >Tongue - Muscular organ that contains taste rectum or anus. buds. Aids in chewing and swallowing of >Hepatologist - Doctors starchy foods. specialized in liver diseases. >Feces - Indigestible waste

Urinary System (Day 8) Function: Filters the blood and creates urine as a waste by-product. Key Terms 10 Vocabulary Words >Kidneys- Filters the blood (pair of -cele (Hernia;Swelling;Protrusion) bean-shaped organs) -lysis (Breakdown;Separation;Loosening) >Nephrons- Functional units in kidneys that Cyst/o (Cyst;Fluid Sac;Bladder) are microscopic that produces urine while Diseases/Disorder Nephr/o (Kidney;Nephrons) removing waste from blood >Renal Failure- Acute or Chronic kidney disease, results Ren/o (Kidney) >Ureters- Duct that urine passes from kidneys in the inability of the kidneys -uria (Condition of Urine) to bladder. to filter waste from blood. -pexy (Fixation (of an organ)) >Bladder- Where urine is collected for >Interstitial Cystitis (IC)- Also -ectasis (Dilation;Expansion) excretion. known as the bladder pain Pyel/o (Renal Pelvis) >Glomerulus- Cluster of nerve endings or syndrome, is chronic bladder small blood vessels (capillaries) around end of condition that causes bladder pressure and pain also kidney tubule. creating bladder scarring and less elastic. Healthcare Careers >Urine- Watery substance that has waste >Prostatitis- Inflammation of substances and excess water. the prostate gland >Nephrologist - Physician that >Enuresis- Involuntary release >Renal Artery- Blood carried from heart to the of urine specializes in kidney diseases >Urinary Tract Infections kidneys to be filtered. (UTIs)- occur when bacteria and disorders. enters the urinary tract. It can >Renal Vein- Filtered blood carried from affect the urethra, bladder, or >Urologist - Physician even the kidneys. kidneys to the inferior vena cava. specializing in genitourinary >Urethra- Tube where urine leaves the body. tract, including kidneys, Empties urine from bladder. urinary bladder, and urethra. >Kidney Stones- Also called the renal calculus. Is a hard mass formed in the kidneys (Can be very painful).

Reproductive System (Day 9) Function: Produces offspring. Reproduction system ensures survival of a certain species. It produces egg and sperm cells, nurtures the development of offspring, and produces hormones. Key Terms 11 Vocabulary Words Diseases/Disorder Cervic/o (Cervix) >Ovary- Organ where eggs are produced and >Amenorrhea - An abnormal Salping/o (Fallopian Tubes) female hormones estrogen and progesterone absence of menstruation. Ov/o (Egg) are made. >Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Orchid/o (Testis;Testicle) >Testis- Organ which produces spermatozoa (PCOS) - Hormonal disorder Oophor/o (Ovary) (male reproductive cells) with symptoms of menstrual Men/o (Menses;Menstruation) >Gametes- Also referred to as sex cells. irregularity, excess hair Mamm/o (Breast) (Organism’s reproductive cells) growth, acne, and obesity. Gynec/o (Women;Female) >Ovum- Female reproductive cell (female >Benign Prostatic Colp/o (Vagina) gamete). Plural form is called ova. Hypertrophy (BPH) - Swelling Prostat/o (Prostate Gland) >Sperm- Male reproductive cell (male gamete) of prostate gland causing >Lactation- Production and secretion of milk by difficulty urinating. Healthcare Careers mammary glands >Gynecologic Cancer- Any >Menstruation- Discharge of blood of lining of cancer that starts in woman’s >Gynecologist- Physician specializing in uterus except during pregnancy. reproductive organs. (Ex. diseases of female reproductive system >Fertility- Quality of being fertile; ovarian cancer or cervical and surgery of this area. productiveness. cancer) >Obstetrician- Physician who specializes >Pregnancy- Fetus develops inside woman’s >Sexually Transmitted in caring for pregnant women and their womb or uterus. Infection (STI) - Infection babies. >Umbilical cord- Connects growing baby to the transmitted through contact. >Andrologists- Specializes in male placenta where rich nutrients and oxygen are health, for reproductive systems or passed to the baby. urological problems. >Embryo- Unborn offspring in the process of development

Body Systems (warm-up) Musculoskeletal - Framework, protection, produces heat Cardiovascular - Circulation of blood Urinary - Eliminates liquid waste/filters the blood Special Senses - Sight, hearing, taste, touch, smell Reproductive - Produces a new human organism Respiratory - Exchange of O2 & CO2 Digestive - Eliminates solid waste Integumentary - Protection & temperature regulation Nervous - Control center for body functions

Describing what I feel I did to go above and beyond. For the system flipbook, depending on the system, I had added some extra vocabulary words, diseases/disorders, or healthcare careers. I added a fun fact for the digestive system because there was space left and I didn’t want to leave it blank, if I hadn’t run out of space for the other slides, I would have definitely added a fun fact for each slide.