DK - One Million Things Series - A Visual Encyclopedia

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2 1 3 6 7 *Naresh Jariwala* 9 FIRST CIVILIZATIONS 1 King Sumerians believed 3 Nobles These men may have that kingship was handed down been priests, relatives of the king, More than 5,000 years ago, farming peoples in the river from the gods. This king wears or wealthy landowners. They valleys of Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq), Egypt, and no crown, but his importance is are shown sitting on chairs with India, created the world’s first civilizations. In Sumer, shown by his kilt and the fact that delicately carved legs, evidence of southern Mesopotamia, people known as Sumerians built he is larger than everyone else. luxury at the palace. the first cities. Each city was ruled by a king, who governed on behalf of the local god. This scene shows the king of 2 Servants Two men move 4 Musicians This man is shown the city of Ur receiving goods from his people. between the king and his guests, playing a lyre, which has a wooden bringing food and drink. Their low sound box decorated with the 230 status is shown by their smaller head of a bull. Other instruments size. They would have lived in the from the time included harps, palace or in mud-brick homes. lutes, reed pipes, and drums.

5 4 8 *Naresh Jariwala* 10 5 Singer The only woman in 7 Fishermen Rivers offered a 9 Workers This man carries a THE STANDARD OF UR the scene is singing with the lyre plentiful supply of fish for all early bundle on his back, the heavy player to entertain the guests. civilizations. From the Indus in load strapped to his head. It was This mosaic of blue lapis lazuli, Music and dancing played a key India, the Nile in Egypt, and the thanks to the toil of workers like red sandstone, and white shell, role in religious rituals, such as Euphrates and Tigris in Sumer, fish this that massive temples for the was made in the city of Ur in about giving thanks for a good harvest. were caught with nets or spears. gods could be built. 2,500 BCE. It decorates one side of a small wooden box found in a royal 6 Farmers Although the area 8 Animals Sheep, goats, cattle, 10 Clothing Made from either grave. The purpose of the box is not was hot and dry, silt from the and pigs were vital to the first wool or flax, both men and known. This side shows a peaceful rivers kept the soil fertile. Farmers civilizations. They provided meat, women wore tufted kilts, designed banquet, while the other side also dug canals to divert water to milk, leather, and wool. Oxen to resemble sheepskins. Wealthy depicts scenes of war. their crops, which included barley, were used to pull plows and men and women also owned turnips, onions, and dates. donkeys for transportation. elaborate gold jewelry. 231

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