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Inspired by brotherhood and a whole lot of patriotism, ‘Fratelli d'Italia’ and its fanfare cheer is instantly recognisable as Italy’s boisterous national anthem. The lyrics were written in 1847 by 20-year-old student Goffredo Mameli. Two months later they were set to music by Michele Novaro. It was written in the atmosphere of patriotic fervour that was the prelude to the war against Austria. The song became popular during the time of the Risorgimento in Italy, but after Italy’s Unification in 1861, the national anthem was changed to ‘Marcia Reale’ (Royal March). After the Second World War Italy became a Republic, and ‘Il Canto degli Italiani’ once again became Italy’s adopted national anthem. The spontaneity of the verses and the impetus of the melody turned it into the best-loved song of the Unification of Italy, not only during the phase of the Risorgimento but also in the following decades. It was not by chance that Giuseppe Verdi, in his Hymn of Nations of 1862, selected The Song of the Italians – and not the Royal March – to be the emblem of Italy, placing it next to God Save the Queen and La Marseillaise. It was therefore natural for Mameli’s Hymn to be proclaimed the Italian Republic’s national anthem on the 12th of October 1946 Technically, it was only officially made the national anthem of Italy in December 2017, 170 years after its composition.
The poet Goffredo Mameli dei Mannelli was born in Genoa on the 5th of September 1827. He was the son of Adele - or Adelaide - Zoagli, the descendant of one of the most distinguished aristocratic families of Genoa, and Giorgio Mameli, who was born in Cagliari and was the commander of a squadron in the fleet of the Kingdom of Sardinia. A precocious student and poet and a convinced liberal republican, he joined Giuseppe Mazzini’s movement in 1847, when he actively participated in the Genoese protests claiming reforms and composed The Song of the Italians. From that moment on, the poet-soldier would entirely devote his life to the Italian cause: in March 1848, he went to the insurgent Milan at the head of 300 volunteers as captain of the Bersaglieri to fight the Austrians on the Mincio River. After the armistice of Salasco, he returned to Genoa to work with Garibaldi and, in November of 1848, he went to Rome where the Republic was proclaimed on the 9th of February 1849. Despite a fever, Mameli was always at the forefront of the defence of the city when it was besieged by the French: on the 3rd of June he suffered an injury in his left leg, which was subsequently amputated after gangrene set in.
He died from the infection on the 6th of July, at 7:30 a.m., at only 22 years of age. His remains rest at the Ossuary Mausoleum on the Janiculum Hill. The musician Michele Novaro was born on the 23rd of October 1818 in Genoa, where he studied composition and singing. In 1847 he went to Turin with a contract for second tenor in the choir of the Regio and Carignano theatres. A staunch liberal, he used his talent for composition to set to music dozens of patriotic songs and to organise performances to raise funds for Garibaldi’s endeavours. Of humble disposition, he drew no advantage from his most famous hymn, not even after the Unification of Italy. After returning to Genoa, between 1864 and 1865 he founded his Scuola Corale Popolare (“People’s Chorus School”), to which he dedicated all his efforts. He died in poverty on the 21st of October 1885, putting an end to a life marked by financial difficulties and health problems. At the initiative of his former students, he was erected a funerary monument in the cemetery of Staglieno, where he now rests near the grave of Giuseppe Mazzini. The national anthem of Italy has three different names. Its official name is 'Inno di Mameli' - Mameli's hymn, named after the man who wrote the words. 'Il Canto degli Italiani' - 'the song of the Italian people' is its populist name. Its most well-known name, and the name Italian people almost invariably give it, is 'Fratelli d'Italia' - 'Brothers of Italy' - which is also its first line.
What are the lyrics to Il Canto degli Italiani? The complete anthem has a total of five verses and a chorus which is sung between each. However, in present day Italian culture, traditions dictate that at every official occasion only the first verse and the chorus are sung. The verse is repeated, and the anthem ends with an always very energetic \"Sì!\" 1.Fratelli d'Italia, 1.Brothers of Italy, L'Italia s'è desta; Italy has woken, Dell'elmo di Scipio Bound Scipio's helmet S'è cinta la testa. Upon her head. Dov'è la Vittoria? Where is Victory? Le porga la chioma; Let her bow down, Ché schiava di Roma For God created Iddio la creò. her Slave of Rome. Chorus: Chorus: Stringiamci a coorte! Siam pronti alla morte. Let us join in a cohort, Siam pronti alla morte, We are ready to die. L'Italia chiamò. We are ready to die, Stringiamci a coorte! Italy has called. Siam pronti alla morte. Siam pronti alla morte, Let us join in a cohort, L'Italia chiamò. Sì! We are ready to die. We are ready to die, Italy has called! Yes! Some of the lyrics relate to some fairly obscure episodes of Italian history which don't have much meaning in the modern world. But overall, this is a simple battle-cry, made dramatic by obscure references and rambunctious music. Italy is ready to go to war to become free, and will be as victorious as Rome was in ancient times.
Mameli was educated in the classics and strongly recalled the Roman era. The helmet worn by Italy when getting ready for war was that of Scipio Africanus, the winner of the Battle of Zama. He was one of the greatest generals of the Roman Republic, who beat the great Carthiginian commander, Hannibal. So Italy has donned Scipio's helmet which will assure victory. And Victory herself must bow down, because Italy will dominate. The Goddess Victory offers herself to the new Italy and to Rome, to which she had been enslaved for will of the gods. The Motherland calls to arms: a cohort was in fact a tenth portion of a Roman Legion.
The flag-rising ceremony The units of the Italian Army, every morning, begin the training and operational activities with the Flag-raising Ceremony. Soldiers belonging to all categories gather on the forecourts of the barracks and with the notes of the Mameli hymn, they hoist the flag as the first act of the day.
The 4th November On November 4, Italy remembers the Armistice of Villa Giusti - which came into force on November 4, 1918 - which allowed the Italians to return to the territories of Trento and Trieste and to complete the process of national unification begun in the Risorgimento. On November 4, the First World War ended. In order to honor the sacrifices of the soldiers who died in defense of the Fatherland, on November 4, 1921, the burial of the \"Unknown Soldier\" took place in the Shrine of the Altar of the Fatherland in Rome. With the Royal decree n.1354 of 23 October 1922, the 4 November was declared a national holiday. On this day we intend to remember, in a special way, all those who, even very young, have sacrificed the supreme good of life for an ideal of homeland and attachment to duty: values unchanged over time, for the soldiers of that time and those of today.
The 25th April: the Liberation Day April 25 in Italy is a national bank holiday. The feast of April 25 in Italy commemorates the liberation from fascism and the Nazi occupation of the country. It was established in 1946 by the provisional government of Alcide De Gasperi. Liberation Day is also known as the anniversary of the Resistance, in which tribute is paid to the partisans of all political backgrounds who oppose the Nazi occupation. The German and Fascist occupation in Italy did not end in a single day but April 25 is a particularly important date. 25 April 1945 coincided with the withdrawal of the soldiers of Nazi Germany and those of the fascist Republic of Salò from the cities of Turin and Milan. It is celebrated with parades, demonstrations and events. The President of the Republic, Sergio Mattarella, lays a laurel wreath at the Altare della Patria to open the celebrations of April 25 in Rome while the anthem is played by a band.
2nd June: festa della Repubblica (Republic feast) 2nd June is celebrated the Festa della Repubblica. The date marks a historical referendum when the Italian population decided to abolish the monarchy and establish a Republic. The holiday is celebrated with military ceremonies and a large patriotic military parade that marches down Via dei Fori Imperiali (the large road that cuts through the ancient forums and connects the Colosseum with Piazza Venezia). In the afternoon, a colorful airshow of fighter jets soar above the city’s historic center, leaving trails of green, white, and red smoke (known as Le Frecce Tricolori). Sport events During important sport events the anthem of each country is played. It is played to introduce teams or the single athlete and during the award ceremonies. In those moments the athletes are used to have their right hand on their breast where the heart is and sing.
COVID-19: national lockdown For the past two weeks, ever since Prime Minister Conte declared a national lockdown to keep Italians at home as the most efficient protection against coronavirus, every evening at 6 PM all over the country, citizens have been coming spontaneously to their windows or out on their balconies and terraces to sing the national anthem.
Lithuanian National anthem HISTORY The variety of works that claimed the status of the Lithuanian anthem was supplemented by the National Anthem, which was chosen as the anthem of the Lithuanian state. The lyrics of \"National Anthem\" were composed and adapted by Vincas Kudirka. The text of this work with roosters was first published in 1898, in the sixth issue of the newspaper ,,Varpas“. The National Anthem was first sung publicly in 1899. November 13 At a concert in St. Petersburg to raise funds to help Lithuanian students. This hymn was recognized as the anthem of Lithuania even before the restoration of the Lithuanian state. In 1917–1918, there was a discussion about its suitability: some did not like words, others - music, but the discussion quickly faded and Vincas Kudirka's \"National Anthem\" became the anthem of the Lithuanian state. The anthem was sung during public holidays. The becoming of the State of Lithuania was accompanied by the sounds of the Lithuanian anthem.
THE MUSICIAN AND AUTHOR Vincas Kudirka - Lithuanian physician, prose writer, poet, publicist, critic, translator, editor of the newspaper \"Varpas\", one of the ideologues of the Lithuanian national movement. The Lithuanian anthem is unique - its words and cock were written by the same person - V. Kudirka (1858- 1999).
Anthem lyrics Lietuvos valstybės himnas The National Anthem (Tautiška giesmė) Lithuania our homeland, Lietuva, Tėvyne mūsų, You are the land of heroes, Tu didvyrių žeme, Your sons from the past Iš praeities Tavo sūnūs Te is looking for strength. Te stiprybę semia. Tegul Tavo vaikai eina Let your children go Vien takais dorybės, On the paths of virtue alone, Tegul dirba Tavo naudai Let them work for you Ir žmonių gėrybei. And for the good of the people. Let the sun in Lithuania Tegul saulė Lietuvoj Darkness fades, Tamsumas prašalina, Both light and truth Ir šviesa, ir tiesa We follow our steps. Mūs žingsnius telydi. Let's love Lithuania Burning in our hearts, Tegul meilė Lietuvos In the name of that Lithuania Dega mūsų širdyse, Unity blossom! Vardan tos Lietuvos Vienybė težydi! In the beginning it was a poem called \"National Anthem\", published in 1898 by \"Varpas\" edited by V. Kudirka. At that time, many patriotic poems and songs appeared in the Lithuanian press. By singing them, reading and reciting poems, Lithuanians deepened their understanding and awareness of their love for their nation and their desire to win their freedom.
When Lithuania became independent, the National Anthem was officially declared the National Anthem (1919). Its name was changed to the first three words of the first line: \"Lithuania, our homeland\". WHEN THE NATIONAL ANTHEM IS SUNG The Lithuanian national anthem must be sung or played. At the beginning and end of the sessions of the parliament of the Republic of Lithuania. At the beginning or end of the solemn sittings of the parliament of the Republic of Lithuania; By agreeing and accompanying the heads of foreign states and governments officially visiting the Republic of Lithuania - after the anthem of a foreign state. On national television programs - at the beginning of the program - on public holidays and other days, if the flag of the State of Lithuania is hoisted in accordance with the resolution of the Government of the
Republic of Lithuania, on national radio broadcasts, at the beginning and end of the first program on a daily basis. By hoisting the flag of the State of Lithuania on the occasion of public events of state government and management institutions, enterprises, institutions and organizations.
During domestic and international sports competitions, the Lithuanian national anthem is sung or played if the Lithuanian state flag is raised. The Lithuanian national anthem cannot be used as applied music - for background, advertising, entertainment installations and similar purposes. OUR FESTIVITIES WHERE WE SING THE ANTHEM January 13 is Freedom Defenders Day to commemorate the freedom won.
February 16 - Day of Restoration of the State of Lithuania. March 11 - Independence Day. July 6 - State Day. Lithuanians all over the world sing the Lithuanian anthem.
10,000 Lithuanian and world singers sing the Lithuanian anthem at the World Lithuanian Song Festival. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gXhgZG35oko
Generally: \"Mazurek Dąbrowskiego\" is national anthem of Poland in English officially known by firsts words of song \"Poland Is Not Yet Lost\" The lyrics were written by Józef Wybicki in Reggio Emilia, Cisalpine Republic in Northern Italy, between 16 and 19 July 1797, two years after the Third Partition of Poland erased the composer is unknown. The text was supposed to support the Poles and encourage them to fight. When Poland regained independence in 1918, the song was adopted de facto national anthem of poland. It was officially adopted as an anthem in 1926. Józef Wybicki History: In 1795, after a prolonged decline and despite last-minute attempts at constitutional reforms and armed resistance, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was ultimately partitioned by its three neighbors: Russia, Prussia and Austria. A once vast and powerful empire was effectively erased from the map while monarchs of the partitioning powers pledged never to use the name \"Poland\" in their official titles. For
many, including even leading representatives of the Polish Enlightenment, this new political situation meant an end of the Polish nation. In the words of Hugo Kołłątaj, a notable Polish political thinker of the time, \"Poland no longer belonged to currently extant nations,\" while historian Tadeusz Czacki declared that Poland \"was now effaced from the number of nations.\" Meanwhile, Polish patriots and revolutionaries turned for help to France, Poland's traditional ally, which was at war with Austria (member of the First Coalition) at the time. In 1796, he came up with the idea of creating Polish Legions within the French Revolutionary Army. To this end, he convinced General Jan Henryk Dąbrowski, a hero of the Greater Poland campaign of the 1794 Kościuszko Uprising, to come to Paris and present the plan to the French Directory. In early July 1797, Wybicki arrived in Reggio Emilia where the Polish Legions were then quartered and where he wrote the Song of the Polish Legions soon afterwards. On 29 August 1797, Dąbrowski already wrote to Wybicki from Bologna: \"soldiers gain more and more taste for your song.\" It appealed to both officers, usually émigré noblemen, and simple soldiers, most of whom were Galician peasants who had been drafted into the Austrian army and captured as POWs by the French. The last stanza, referring to Kościuszko, who famously fought for freedom of the entire nation rather than the nobility alone, and the \"scythes of Racławice\", seems to be directed
particularly at the latter. Rather than coming back to Poland, they were exploited by the French government to quell uprisings in Italy, Germany and, later, in Haiti where they were decimated by war and disease. Polish national hopes were revived with the outbreak of a Franco-Prussian war (part of the War of the Fourth Coalition) in 1806. On 6 November 1806, both generals arrived in Poznań, enthusiastically greeted by locals singing \"Poland Is Not Yet Lost\". The ensuing Greater Poland Uprising and Napoleon's victory over Russian forces at Friedland led to the creation of a French-controlled Polish puppet state known as the Duchy of Warsaw. Among other occasions, it was sung in Warsaw on 16 June 1807 to celebrate the battle of Friedland, in Kraków as it was liberated by Prince Józef Poniatowski on 19 July 1809, and at a ball in Warsaw on 23 December 1809, the birthday of Frederick Augustus, King of Saxony and Duke of Warsaw. The author makes the first reference to the song when Tadeusz, the main protagonist, returns home and, recalling childhood memories, pulls the string of a chiming clock to hear the \"old Dąbrowski's Mazurka\" once again. Among them were Bogurodzica (English: \"Mother of God\"), one of the oldest (11th–12th century) known literary texts in Polish, and the Latin Gaude Mater Polonia (\"Rejoice, Mother Poland\"), written in the 13th century to celebrate the canonization of Bishop Stanislaus of Szczepanów, the patron saint of Poland.
Examples include the 16th-century Latin prayer Oratio pro Republica et Rege (\"Prayer for the Commonwealth and the King\") by a Calvinist poet, Andrzej Trzeciński, and \"Hymn do miłości Ojczyzny\" (\"Hymn to the Love of the Fatherland\") written in 1744 by Prince-Bishop Ignacy Krasicki. At the inauguration of the UN in 1945, no delegation from Poland had been invited. The Polish pianist Artur Rubinstein, who was to perform the opening concert at the inauguration, began the concert by stating his deep disappointment that the conference did not have a delegation from Poland. And even though Poland had made a major contribution to the victory which put an end to the Second World War, in June 1945 a representative of our country was not allowed to put his signature to the United Nations Charter. We remember that event when Artur Rubinstein, seeing that there was no Polish delegation at the concert to mark the signing of the Charter, decided to play the Dąbrowski Mazurka, Poland's national anthem, to demonstrate that \"Poland was not lost yet\", that Poland lived on. Trnaslation: Poland Has not yet perished, So long as we live. What foreign Violetce Has ta hen from us, We will reclaim, sabre In hand. March, march, Dąbrowski, From the land of Italy to Poland,
Behind your leadership We will unite as a people. We’ll cross the Wistula, We’ll cross the Warta, And we shall be Poles, Bonaparte Has show us How to be victorious. March, march, Dąbrowski, From the land of Italy to Poland, Behind your leadership We will unite as a people. As Czarniecki to Poznań, After the Swedish occupation, To save our country We will return cross the sea. March, march, Dąbrowski, From the land of Italy to Poland, Behind your leadership We will unite as a people. A father was saying to his Basia With tears In his eses: „Listen now, are those our boys beating the drums”
March, march, Dąbrowski, From the land of Italy to Poland, Behind your leadership We will unite as a people Photo of a manuscript of Józef Wybicki's “Mazurk Dąbrowskiego”
TURKEY OF NATIONAL ANTHEM
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