Gas Law Flipbook

Chemistry Gases Flip Book Morgan McLennan

Kinetic Molecular Theory Rules of the Kinetic Molecular Theory 1. All particles are in a constant, random motion 2. All collisions of particles are elastic(even exchange of electrons) 3. The volume of particles in gas is negligible 4. The average kinetic energy of molecules=its Kelvin temperature This theory works under the assumption that there are no intermolecular forces. Another important factor is that gases expand to fit their container while solids/liquids do not. This shows gases are compressible, while solids and liquids are not

Volume, Pressure, and Temperature Volume Pressure Temperature Definition: The amount of gas in Definition: The measure of the Definition: The amount of heat liters within a container. within the gas particles in a pressure that gas exerts on its container. Units:V(in liters) container Units: T(in Kelvins) Conversion Method: Mol*22.4 Units: Force/unit area(N/m^2) L/6.02×10^23 Conversion Method:1 Joule = Si Unit= Pascal unit 7.242971666663E+22 Kelvin (1 Pa=1N/m^2) Conversion Method: 1.00atm=760.00mm=760.00torr=29.92i n=14.7psi=101.325kPa=10^5Pa Gas Pressure=atmospheric pressure-h Gas Pressure=atmospheric pressure+h

Volume, Pressure, and Temperature Practice Problems

Ideal Gas Law A gas that only exists within ideal conditions(like low pressure and high temperature) to minimize attractive forces Law- Pv=nRT Variables- - The R value is dependent on the pressure unit - The ideal gas constant is .0821 (L*atm)/(mol*K) - If in mm of Mercury= 66.4 (L*mmHg)/(mol*K) - Pressure: 8.314(L*KPa)/(mol*K) Formula P= Pressure Unit V= Volume PV= n RT n= (P)(V) R= Gas Constant (R)(T) T= Temperature RT RT n= Moles

Ideal Gas Law Practice Problems

Avogadro's Principle/Molar Volume Principle- The volume of a gas will equal the number of molecules if under the same conditions Stp- Standard Temperature: 273 in Kelvin or 0ºC/ Standard Pressure:101.3 kPa or 1 atm Conversion Factors

Avogadro's Principle Practice Problems

Boyle’s Law Boyle’s Law- The volume of a gas within a container will always be inversely proportional to the pressure that is exerted on it. Variables: - As volume increases, pressure decreases(related variables) - Molecules and temperature are constant and existed without a direct relationship. Formula-P1V1=P2P2

Boyle’s Law Practice Problems

Charles's Law Charles’s Law- If a gas has a constant amount of pressure, then the volume and absolute temperature are proportional Variables: - Temperature and volume are directly proportional(related variables) - The pressure is the only constant Formula- 1. V1T2=V2T1 2. V1/T1=V2/T2

Charles’s Law Practice Problems

Gay-Lusac’s Law Gay-Lusac’s Law- A gas’s volume will always combine to another to form a ratio of small whole numbers, as long as the volume has the same condition as the other. Variables: - Pressure and temperature are directly related(related variables) - The volume is the only constant Formula- 1. P1T2=P2T1 2. P1/T1=P2/T2

Gay-Lusac’s Law Practice Problems

Combined Law Combined Gas Law- A combination of Boyle’s, Charle’s, and Gay-Lussac’s laws to to find the equations of the laws. Variables: - All conditions- pressure, temperature, and volume(related variables) - The moles are the only constant Formula- P1V1/T1N1=P2V2/T2N2