Unit-1-5-Repaired

Unit 1 What is Culture? A. Speaking Activity: Look at the picture below. What does it tell you about culture? a. Source: http://blogs.lse.ac.uk b. Source: https://infograph.venngage.com/p/104141/cultural-communication 1

Answer questions below and share your opinions to your friends. 1. What is culture in your opinion? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. How is your culture related to your daily living? ____________________________________________________________________ 3. Give one example about university culture which is important to you. What do you think about this culture? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ B. Vocabulary Practice: Match the definitions on the left row to the words/phrases on the right. :1. ______ identity a. power b. tell more than once 2. ______ routine 3. ___b___ repeat c. a quality of a person which make him different from others 4. __e____ creature d. understand and realize its value 5. ___d___ appreciate e. living thing that move independently 6. _i_a____ strength f. assume 7. __f____ expect g. a usual way of doing thing 2

C. Read the passage below and then complete the diagram. What is Culture? Our culture is the system we use to build our identity. All living creatures are part of a culture. Even animals have a culture! So what is culture? It’s the way we behave in a group. It begins with each individual family. Within our families we do things to build relationships with each other. This can include routines for doing things. It also includes traditions. Traditions are activities that are repeated on a regular basis. Culture is not limited to individual family groups. The real strength of culture is in larger community groups. These regular groups are called societies. Every society makes rules for itself. It decides how people should act in different situations. Some of these rules are written down. Some are just things that are automatically expected of all members of that society. Often, cultures can be identified by what people believe. Cultures are also known by what they choose to include in their art. Sometimes a society forms around people who speak the same language. Cultures may also be known for their customs, including the foods they make and the things they do. Our cultures help us understand who we are and what we believe. There are very strong emotions connecting us to our own society. Two different cultures may disagree on something, especially if they both feel strongly about it. When that happens, war is a common result. People are learning better ways to communicate with each other. The more we learn, the more we appreciate the differences in cultures. Source: K12 Reader, http://www.k12reader.com 3

Complete the diagram to describe culture. 1. Identity Activities on a regular basis The way we behave Culture 2. _________________ in a group 4. ________________ 3. _________________ 5. ____________________ Written rules 6. _________________________ Rules Automatically 7. ___________________ expected by members Foods and things people do D. Reread the passage above and make a group discussion on the questions below. 1. What is the most important traditional rule in your family? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ What do you think about the rule? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 4

2. What traditional family rules do you want to change? ____________________________________________________________________ Why would you like to change it? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 3. What do you feel when your friends have different belief from yours? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. What would you do in react to the difference? ____________________________________________________________________ 5. Do you think that learning more than one language is important for your living? ____________________________________________________________________ Why? ____________________________________________________________________ 6. What are the best ways for you to solve problems about cultural misunderstanding? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 5

unit 2 Greeting Customs around the World A. Speaking Activity: Answer questions below and share your opinions to your friends. 1. What do you usually do in greeting with your parents or older people? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. Have you ever made Thai greeting with people from other cultures? ____________________________________________________________________ 3. How do you feel when you see different greeting culture? Why? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. Have you ever practice other cultures greeting? How do you feel? ____________________________________________________________________ How do people in these pictures make their greeting? Source:http://thewonderlist.net/16-different-ways-greet-depending-country/ 6

B. Vocabulary Practice: a. Use the internet or dictionary to help you find the definition in the list below. Words How to pronounce Definitions 1. Bonjour 2. Merhaba 3. Konnichiwa 4. Aloha 5. Namaste b. Match the definitions on the left row to the words/phrases on the right. 1. ___b___ essential a. meet 2. __d____ gratitude b. important ะ3. ______ occasion c. unusual 4. ______ come across d. appreciation 5. ___b___ eccentric e. chance c. Find opposite words in the list below. :1. ________ hospitality a. negative b. peaceful 2. ________ hardly c. certainly 3. ________ ordinary d. uncommon 4. ___a_____ positive e. unwilling to welcome 5. ____b____ violent 7

C. Read the passage below and then complete the missing information. Greeting Customs around the World By Elgun Hasanov “Hello”, “Bonjour”, “Merhaba”, “Konnichiwa”, “Aloha”, “Namaste” – these are just a few words that used by different nations all over the World as greeting expressions. Greeting has an essential role in most of the cultures, and it is considered to be a way of showing respect and regard. Mostly greeting way of a nation indicates respect and hospitality. However, sometimes greeting customs could be so strange that we can hardly make anything of it. Greeting customs change from culture to culture, and some nations have the most unique greeting traditions. Japanese Bow Bowing is very popular all around the world as the greeting custom of the most of Eastern Asian countries such as Japan. In Japan, bowing is the best way of greeting others if one wants to show deep respect and gratitude towards someone else. That is very old tradition of Japanese people and is used nowadays as well. When Japanese people greet someone by bowing they stretch their arms at their sides and bow their body slightly and usually say “Konnichiwa”. However, lowering degree of head can vary. Depending on type of meeting, social status of the greeted person or greeter’s feelings towards them bowing level of the head can be lower. The lower you bow, the more respect you show. Lower bowings are also considered to be method of expressing apology. Bread and Salt In most of Slavic countries such as Ukraine, Russia, Slovakia, and others, “Bread and salt” is the common way of greeting respected guests. Origin of this custom goes back to centuries ago, and it was once very common. But today it is not used by ordinary people. “Bread and salt” tradition now remains as a part of some wedding ceremonies and of official salutation of people of higher status. For 8

example, when respected guests first arrive in Slavic land, they are served a loaf of specially designed bread and salt by a young woman dressed in national clothing, as a sign of respect and hospitality. The guest, on the other hand, is supposed to eat a bit of this bread after touching it to the salt. “Bread and salt” is used for different occasions, too. Tongues One of the most eccentric greeting traditions in the World belongs to Tibetan people. They stretch out their tongue when they come across. The idea of showing tongues while meeting comes from old Tibetan beliefs. Tibetans believe that those who are engaged in black magic must have a black tongue. Another idea is that a violent Tibetan king lived in the past had a black tongue, and he was assured to be evil by people. Now when they greet each other, Tibetans stretch out tongues so that they can prove they are not involved in black magic and have no connection with the evil king. Touching Noses New Zealand is home to another strange greeting custom, which is known as tradition of local tribes living on the island. Members of local tribes rub their noses to one another’s when they meet. This greeting style called “breath of life”. They greet their respected guests in the same way. Besides this, traditional tribal dance performed by members is also popular as a greeting action in New Zealand. Aloha and Lei Hawaiian Islands are famous for their hot and humid climate that attracts tourists from all over the Planet and for Hawaiians’ hot greeting called “Aloha”. The word “Aloha” is largely used in Hawaiian language and has different positive meanings. Hawaiians say “Aloha” for greeting their guests and for meetings in their daily life. Another Hawaiian custom, “Lei” is also popular among foreigners. “Lei” is a garland composed of flowers, leaves, shells, feathers, and other materials. Hawaiians 9

put leis around their guests’ necks or on their heads. Leis are also used to congratulate somebody on occasional events. Source: https://qafqazexpress.wordpress.com/2015/11/10/greeting-customs-around- the-world/ What do people in the list usually do in their greeting? Places Their greeting performances Words they say/ Japan Things they do Most of Slavic countries Tibet Islands in New Zealand Hawai D. Reread the passage above and make a group discussion on the questions below. 1. According to the passage, why does the writer state that greeting is important for culture practice? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. According to the writer, what does Japanese bowing indicate in their greeting? ____________________________________________________________________ 10

3. What does the writer want to tell you from this quoting “The lower you bow, the more respect you show”? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 4. Where can you find “Bread and salt” tradition of greeting? ____________________________________________________________________ 5. What should the guest do in response to the “Bread and salt” greeting? ____________________________________________________________________ 6. What is the Tibetan belief about their Tibetan greeting performance? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 7. What does the “breath of life” indicate? ____________________________________________________________________ 8. What do people usually use in greeting together with saying “Aloha”? ____________________________________________________________________ 9. What do you usually do in greeting the following person below? a) Your class mate b) Your close friend c) Your teacher 11

d) Your parents 12

Unit 3 The Importance of Interpreting Body Language A. Speaking Activity: Answer questions below and share your answer to your friends. 1. Which type of communication is the most important for you, verbal or nonverbal? Why? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2. Do you think that body language has the same meaning around the world? Why? ____________________________________________________________________ 3. What kind of body language which you use most in communication? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. Is it strange for you to see people in same gender holding hands in public? ____________________________________________________________________ 5. Why is it unacceptable for touching Thai people’s head? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ B. Vocabulary Practice: Group work activity Match the meaning on the left row to the definition on the right row. 13

1. _____ approval a. mistake 2. _____ offend b. hold firmly 3. _____ faux pas c. turn over 4. _____ grasp d. acceptance 5. _____ flip e. displease https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/non-verbal-communication-6263880033.html C. Read the passage below and then complete the diagram. The Importance of Interpreting Body Language By Autumn at Accredited Language If you are about to visit another country, you’ve probably already started studying a guidebook with information on essential words and phrases to know. But interpreting body language correctly is just as important for effective communication in any nation. Before you travel, take a look at some of the major differences in body language from one culture to another, and find out why it is so important to pay attention to more than just speech when you’re in another country. Thumbs Up When you want to show someone your approval, you can confidently make the thumbs up gesture in the US, UK, Egypt, Israel, Iraq, Denmark and Australia, since each of these cultures interpret it to mean agreement/positive affirmation. 14

In Germany, Hungary and China, you may not convey the same sentiment, but you’re unlikely to offend anyone. The meaning of the thumbs up signal depends on context in these countries, but it is usually positive since it can mean anything from “You’re number one” to “Good luck.” In Brazil, it means “Thanks.” However, in Iran, Greece and Sardinia, the thumbs up sign is comparable to giving the middle finger in the US. In addition, people in many areas of South America and West Africa interpret this gesture to essentially mean “Up yours!” Shaking the head “No” and nodding “Yes” If you’re unfamiliar with the language of the country you plan to visit, you’ll likely be doing a lot of nodding and pointing. That’s why you should make sure that nodding means what you think it does. In the US, we think it’s universally known that shaking your head from side to side clearly mean “No”, while nodding the head up and down mean “Yes”. The same goes to China, Canada, Mexico and most parts of Western Europe, Africa and the Middle East. But, there are some exceptions. Pay close attention when interpreting body language while you are travelling in other countries. In Bulgaria and Albania, a head shake means “Yes” while nodding means “No”. Residents of Saudi Arabia shake the head to say “Yes” and tip the head back to say “No”. And in Iran, dipping the head down indicates “Yes” while jerking the chin upward means “No”. Communicating Through Touch If you like to communicate using physical contact during conversations, interpreting body language first is important. You might end up offending someone or looking very out of place in some countries. In general, the following countries encourage physical touch in most settings: Iran, India, France, Greece, Turkey, Italy, Russia and most of Latin America. More specifically, many Saudi Arabians express their respect for others by holding hands or even grasping the respected person’s elbow. Just take note that most Arabian men only touch other men — not women — when they greet each other or hold hands. 15

In addition, in Thailand and other Southeast Asian countries, touching people on the head is considered a faux pas. On the other hand, certain countries do not encourage people to touch others unless they know each other well. Generally, this goes for the US, UK, Germany, Australia, Japan, Canada, New Zealand, Portugal and Northern Europe. This is exactly why interpreting body language properly can help you avoid offending people in other cultures — you wouldn’t want to accidentally flip someone off! Source: https://www.alsintl.com/blog/interpreting-body-language/ Work with a group of four to complete the table below. 1. Fill-in country names which use the thumps up to indicate purpose in the list. Countries use the thumps up to show Agreement/positive Positive Thanks “Up Rude /affirmative meaning yours!” 2. Complete the country names which use the head shaking to indicate “Yes”/“No” Countries How to do the head shaking The Us Yes No China Africa Bulgaria and Albania 16

Saudi Arabia Iran 3. Complete name of countries in the diagram about touching in communication. Touching in communication Touching people’s head is rude Encourage physical touch Express respect by Do not touch the people in most setting holding hands who are not familiar to you men are not allowed to touch women D. Reread the passage above and make a group discussion on the questions below. A. Answer questions below. 1. Why does the writer say that paying attention to using body language is important for communication? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2. According to the passage, what gesture will you use to show your appreciation in US? ____________________________________________________________________ 17

3. What does showing the thumbs up mean in Brazil? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 4. Why can’t you use the thumbs up in Iran, Greece and Sardinia? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 5. What does shaking your head from side to side normally mean in the US? ____________________________________________________________________ 6. Is the touching important for communication? Why? ____________________________________________________________________ 7. People in what countries do not encourage to touch each other unless they know each other well? ____________________________________________________________________ 8. Describe purposes of the following gestures. Is it the same meaning as Thai gestures. Gestures Purposes for communication Thai gestures a) Raising your The Difference eyebrows same b) 18

c) d) e) 19

Unit 4 Food and Culture Nam Prik Ong: Minced Pork & Tomato Dipping Sauce A. Speaking Activity: Answer questions below and share your opinions to your friends. 1. Why does Thai food well-known around the world? ____________________________________________________________________ 2. What dish would you recommend foreigners to try for their first time? Why? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 3. Thai foods are different from European foods in what way? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 4. Thai cooking method is influenced by many countries, which method is the most familiar to you? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 5. Do you agree that Thai people are creative in cooking food? Why? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 20

B. Vocabulary Practice: Match the definitions on the left row to the words/phrases on the right. 1. ______ delicacy a. a typical behavior 2. ______ vocal b. very high quality of food 3. ______ decline c. something especially rare that is good to eat 4. ______ reputation d. speaking 5. ______ gourmet e. credit 6. ______ norm f. refuse C. Read the passage below and then complete the missing information in the table below. Source: http://banchunsongsang.com/rural-khantoke-dinner/nam-prik-ong/ Nam Prik Ong: Minced Pork & Tomato Dipping Sauce Nam Prik Ong is one of the oldest dishes from the Lanna period. It is a famous Northern dish. This dipping sauce is eaten with fresh or steamed vegetables, deep fried pork skin (pork rinds) and/or sticky rice. Most Thai dipping sauces do not contain meat. The most common meat in Nam Prik Ong is pork. This dish is very healthy - high in vitamin A and beta-carotene. Serving size: 1-2 persons Ingredients 21

1 cup Ground pork 20-25 Cherry tomatoes 2 tablespoons Red curry paste 2 1/2 teaspoons Sugar 1 tablespoon Fish sauce 2 tablespoons Vegetable oil 1/2 cup Water chopped cilantro to garnish Preparation 1. Clean grape or cherry tomatoes, cut in half lengthwise. 2. Clean accompanying vegetables like cucumbers, carrots, broccoli, cauliflower, and green beans. Cut into bite size pieces. Method: 1. Heat oil in a sauce pan. On medium-high heat, add red curry paste in the sauce pan. Stir fry until it is fragrant. 2. Add ground pork and break the ground pork with a cooking spoon or a spatula. Do not let it remain in big chunks. 3. Stir frequently until ground pork is cooked. 4. When ground pork is cooked, add tomatoes. Stir well. 5. Once tomatoes are cooked, add water, fish sauce and sugar. Bring to boil. Turn off heat. Transfer to a bowl, then sprinkle with chopped cilantro. 6. Serve with fresh/steamed vegetables, deep fried pork skin (pork rinds) and/or sticky rice. Source: http://thaicookinghouse.com/recipes.php?cat=nam_prik&recipe=nam_prik_ong Complete the process of cooking Nam Prik Ong. Heat _____________ Stir_______________ Add ____________ Add ____________ Add ____________ Stir frequently Then ____________ until ____________ Serve with ____________ Next, ____________ Sprinkle with _______ 22

D. Rereread the passage then choose the best answer. 1. According to the recipe, what kind of the dish is it? a. Grilled dish c. Steamed dish b. Dipping dish d. Curry 2. According to the recipe, what is the chopped cilantro used for? a. Serving as a side dish b. Preparing for the main mixture c. Serving as a main dish d. Using for the dish decoration 3. After the red curry paste is added in the sauce pan, what is the next step? a. Add water, fish sauce and sugar. b. Transfer the mixture to a bowl. c. Stir fry until it is fragrant. d. Serve with sticky rice. 4. According to the recipe, which process is correct order? a. Heat oil- stir- stir- boil c. Boil-stir-stir-steam b. Heat oil-stir-boil-stir d. Boil-steam-stir-boil 5. Which statement is true about this dish? a. People can eat it for their refreshment. b. This recipe is served for 4-5 persons. c. The dish is very new for people in the north. d. The dish is high in vitamin A and beta-carotene. b. Answer questions below. 1. Why does the writer state that this dish is one of traditional Lanna dishes? ____________________________________________________________________ 23

2. Do you agree with the writer? Why? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 3. According to the writer, what does the writer recommend for eating this dish? ____________________________________________________________________ 4. Do you think that local food indicates your culture? Why? ____________________________________________________________________ 5. What is your favorite local food? How do you introduce it to your friends? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 24

Unit 5 Festival: Diwali A. Speaking Activity a. Watch the video clip about Diwali. (Ramayana : Story of Diwali | Mythological Stories from Mocomi Kids, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pp59n0So-XE) 1. What is the main purpose of celebrating Diwali festival? 2. List name of the main characters in the story. Are they the same story of Thai famous literature? b. Work with your group members to share idea about the questions below. 1. Why is Diwali festival important for Indian culture? ___________________________________________________________________ 2. Why is Diwali called “the festival of lights”? ___________________________________________________________________ 3. How is the festival similar to Thailand festival of light? __________________________________________________________________ 4. Diwali is different from Thailand festival of light? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 25

Source: https://www.firstpost.com/photos/india-gallery/india-celebrates-diwali-the- festival-of-lights-with-great-enthusiasm-4158823-5.html B. Vocabulary Practice Match the word/words on the left row to the similar meaning on the right row. 1. _______ coincide a. the moon when it totally in the sun’s shadow 2. _______ the new moon b. decision 3. _______ spectacular c. occur at the same time 4. _______ resolution d. lamp 5. _______ lanterns impressive C. Reading Activity Diwali What do you know about Diwali? It's one of the biggest events in the Indian calendar. And that means big celebrations in multicultural cities in Britain, too. Find out all about the festival and how it is celebrated in Britain. 26

Did you know that Diwali is one of the biggest events in the Indian calendar? It is celebrated around the world by Hindus, Sikhs and Jains. In London, Birmingham, Belfast, Edinburgh, Leicester and other multicultural cities in Britain, British Asians celebrate Diwali. Celebrations include firework displays, Diwali lanterns, music, dancing, plays, as well as delicious traditional Indian food and sweets. What does Diwali mean? Diwali (or Deepavali) is also known as the Festival of Light. The word Diwali comes from the Sanskrit language and means 'row of lamps'. In South Asia, homes, shops and streets are decorated with small oil lamps called diyas. During Diwali, patterns, called rangoli, are drawn on floors. The lotus flower is one of the most popular patterns to draw. Diwali is celebrated every year on the darkest night of the month in October or November. The exact date changes every year to coincide with the new moon. With the new moon Diwali marks a new beginning and for many people it symbolises joy, love, reflection, resolution, forgiveness, light and knowledge. Diwali is traditionally a time for cleaning your home, decorating your house with lights and candles, wearing new clothes, painting henna tattoos on hands, giving presents, and getting together with family and friends. London and Leicester If you have ever visited London, the capital of England, you will know that it is a truly multicultural city where people of different ethnic groups and religions live, work, study and go to school. Depending on the time of year you can join in with celebrations for Christmas, Eid or Diwali in London’s Trafalgar Square. Diwali is celebrated every year in this world-famous square with Bhangra dancing around the fountains, vegetarian food sold at stalls, and free performances of South Asian contemporary and classical music and dance. Leicester, in the north of England, has one of the most important Diwali celebrations outside of India. The Festival of Light in Leicester starts with a display of thousands 27

of lights along Belgrave Road, also known as ‘The Golden Mile’. There is Bollywood singing and dancing. You can go late-night shopping and restaurants stay open late too. All this is followed by spectacular fireworks. Tourists, visitors and local residents are all welcome to enjoy the fun! Leicester’s Asian community say that this is the best (as well as the biggest!) Diwali celebration outside of India. Happy Diwali Is Diwali all about tradition? These days many people in the UK celebrate the Festival of Light with electric fairy lights instead of old-fashioned oil lamps. Instead of traditional gold and silver gifts, it is common to give money to put towards electronic gifts or iTunes credits. Shopping has changed too. Now many people buy their Diwali presents online rather than visiting a shop. Family and friends can communicate easily via social media and #HappyDiwali tweets spread the message of hope and light around the world. Happy Diwali! Source: http://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/uk-now/read-uk/diwali Work with your group members of four or five and complete the information needed. List five things which people do in Diwali celebration. 1. __________________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________________ 3. _____________________________________________________________ 4. ___________________________________________________________ 5. ____________________________________________________________ D. Reread the text again and explain the word in brief. 1. The new moon: ____________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 28

2. Rangoli: ___________________________________________________ 3. diyas: ______________________________________________________ 4. The Golden Mile: ____________________________________________ 5. The Bollywood singing and dancing: _____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Source: https://www.askideas.com/happy-diwali-diyas-and-rangoli-picture/ 29