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EK BHARAT SHRESHTHA BHARAT UTTARAKHAND AND KARNATAKA

ART INTEGRATED PROJECT ENGLISH DONE BY:- SHAMBHAVI CHAUBEY AAKANSHA KUMARI SHASHANK T RAI GURUSHREE M

BROCHURE OF ‘LAND OF GODS’ UTTARAKHAND

CONTENT • INTRODUCTION • HISTORY OF UTTARAKHAND • TRADITION AND CULTURE OF UTTARAKHAND • GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITION OF UTTARAKHAND • TOURIST SPECIAL • PICTURE ALBUM • CONCLUSION

Introduction Uttarakhand formerly Uttaranchal, is a state in the northern part of India. It is often referred to as the \"Land of the Gods“ due to the many holy Hindu temples and pilgrimage centres found throughout the state. Uttarakhand's name is derived from the Sanskrit words Uttara meaning north, and Khand meaning country or part of a country. Uttarakhand is known for its natural beauty of the Himalayas, the Bhabhar and the Terai.

Introduction (contd.) There are 13 districts in Uttarakhand which are grouped into two divisions, Kumaon and Garhwal. The Kumaon division includes the following districts: Almora,Bageshwar, Champawat, Nainital, Pithoragarh, Udham Singh Nagar The Garhwal division includes the following districts: Dehradun, Haridwar, Tehri Garhwal, Uttarkashi, Chamoli,Pauri Garhwal, Rudraprayag

Languages In Uttarakhand The main languages of Uttarakhand are : • Kumaoni • Garhwali • Hindi

HISTORY OF UTTARAKHAND DONE BY:- AAKANSHA KUMARI

INTRODUCTION TO A CULTURAL HERITAGE • UTTARAKHAND IS KNOWN FOR THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE HIMALAYAS, THE BHABAR AND THE TERAI REGIONS. IT BORDERS THE TIBET AUTONOMOUS REGION OF CHINA TO THE NORTH; THE SUDURPASHCHIM PRADESH OF NEPAL TO THE EAST; THE INDIAN STATES OF UTTAR PRADESH TO THE SOUTH AND HIMACHAL PRADESH TO THE WEST AND NORTH-WEST. • FOUNDATION DAY: UTTARAKHAND DAY • BUTTERFLY: WEST HIMALAYAN COMMON PEACOCK

THE ICE GLACIERS • WHO CAN DENY THE BEAUTY OF UTTARAKHAND…. I MEAN JUST LOOK AT IT?

WAS UTTARAKHAND’S BEAUTY SAME IN THE PAST? • PEOPLE SAY BEAUTIFUL THINGS LOSE THEIR SIGNIFICANCE AS TIME PASSES…. BUT UTTARAKHAND’S BEAUTY SEEMS TO HAVE GROWN WITH TIME!!!

TOP TEMPLES OF UTTARAKHAND • KEDARNATH TEMPLE • THIS PLACE HAS A VERY VERY SIGNIFICANT HISTORY. JUST RECENTLY KEDARNATH WAS DEVASTATED BECAUSE OF A CLOUD BURST. • IT WAS SEEN THAT NOTHING HAPPENED TO THIS TEMPLE. PEOPLE SAY THAT A WATER SNAKE ILLUSION WAS FORMED WHEN THE WATER STRIKED THIS TEMPLE. A BIG BOULDER CAME IN FRONT OF THE TEMPLE FROM SOMEWHERE AND BECAUSE OF THIS THE TEMPLE WAS NOT AFFECTED.

THE BOULDER AND THE WATER SNAKE ILLUSION

BADRINATH TEMPLE • BADRINATH OR BADRINARAYAN TEMPLE IS A HINDU TEMPLE DEDICATED TO VISHNU WHICH IS SITUATED IN THE TOWN OF BADRINATH IN UTTARAKHAND, INDIA. THE TEMPLE AND TOWN FORM ONE OF THE FOUR CHAR DHAM A SITES. • CREATOR: ADI SHANKARA • DEITY: BADRINATH (VISHNU) • DISTRICT: CHAMOLI

TUNGNATH TEMPLE • TUNGNATH IS ONE OF THE HIGHEST SHIVA TEMPLES IN THE WORLD AND IS THE HIGHEST OF THE FIVE PANCH KEDAR TEMPLES LOCATED IN THE MOUNTAIN RANGE OF TUNGANATH IN RUDRAPRAYAG DISTRICT, IN THE INDIAN STATE OF UTTARAKHAND. THE TUNGANATH MOUNTAINS FORM THE MANDAKINI AND ALAKNANDA RIVER VALLEYS

MAHASU DEVTA TEMPLE • MAHASU DEVTA TEMPLE IS LOCATED ON THE TUINI-MORI ROAD AT HANOL. THE TEMPLE IS DEDICATED TO MAHASU DEVTA. LORD MAHASU IS THE CHIEF DEITY OF THIS AREA. • STATE: UTTARAKHAND • DISTRICT: DEHRADUN DISTRICT • COUNTRY: INDIA • ELEVATION: 1,050 M (3,445 FT)

BALESHWAR TEMPLE CHAMPAWAT • BALESHWAR TEMPLE IS AN ANCIENT TEMPLE DEDICATED TO GOD SHIVA, SITUATED WITHIN CITY OF CHAMPAWAT IN UTTARAKHAND, INDIA. BUILT BY THE RULERS OF THE CHAND DYNASTY, BALESHWAR TEMPLE IS A MARVELOUS SYMBOL OF STONE CARVING.

KATARMAL SUN TEMPLE • THE KATARMAL SURYA TEMPLE IS A 9TH-CENTURY TEMPLE BUILT BY KATARMALLA, A KATYURI KING, EXHIBITING THE ARCHITECTURAL STYLE OF THE ANCIENT ARTISANS. THIS HINDU TEMPLE IS PERCHED AT AN ELEVATION OF 2,116 METERS ABOVE SEA LEVEL AND IS SITUATED AT A DISTANCE OF 19 KMS FROM ALMORA.

LAKHAMANDAL TEMPLE • LAKHAMANDAL IS AN ANCIENT HINDU TEMPLE COMPLEX, SITUATED IN THE JAUNSAR- BAWAR REGION OF DEHRADUN DISTRICT IN THE STATE OF UTTARAKHAND. THE TEMPLE IS DEDICATED TO LORD SHIVA. THIS TEMPLE IS POPULAR AMONG THE SHAKTI CULT, WHO BELIEVE THAT A VISIT TO THIS TEMPLE SHRINE WILL END THEIR MISFORTUNES.

TIRYUGINARAYAN TEMPLE • TRIYUGINARAYAN TEMPLE IS A HINDU TEMPLE LOCATED IN THE TRIYUGINARAYAN VILLAGE IN RUDRAPRAYAG DISTRICT, UTTARAKHAND, INDIA. THE ANCIENT TEMPLE IS DEDICATED TO GOD VISHNU.

BAIGNATH TEMPLE • BAIJNATH IS A SMALL TOWN ON THE BANKS OF THE GOMATI RIVER IN THE BAGESHWAR DISTRICT IN KUMAON DIVISION OF UTTARAKHAND, INDIA. THE PLACE IS MOST NOTED FOR ITS ANCIENT TEMPLES, WHICH HAVE BEEN RECOGNIZED AS MONUMENTS OF NATIONAL IMPORTANCE BY THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA IN UTTARAKHAND.

JAGESHWAR TEMPLE • JAGESHWAR TEMPLES, ALSO REFERRED TO AS JAGESWAR TEMPLES OR JAGESHWAR VALLEY TEMPLES, ARE A GROUP OF OVER 100 HINDU TEMPLES DATED BETWEEN 7TH AND 12TH CENTURY NEAR ALMORA, IN THE HIMALAYAN INDIAN STATE OF UTTARAKHAND. • STATE: UTTARKHAND • ELEVATION: 1,870 M (6,135 FT) • DISTRICT: ALMORA DISTRICT • COMPLETED: 7TH TO 12TH CENTURY • LOCATION · HISTORY · DESCRIPTION · RELATED NEARBY MONUMENTS

UTTARAKHAND RULERS- GARHWAL KINGDOM SHAH DYNASTY

GARHWAL KINGDOM GARHWAL KINGDOM WAS AN INDEPENDENT KINGDOM IN THE CURRENT NORTH-WESTERN HIMALAYAN STATE OF UTTARAKHAND, INDIA, FOUNDED IN 823 AD BY KANAK PAL, THE PROGENITOR OF THE PANWAR DYNASTY THAT RULED OVER THE KINGDOM UNINTERRUPTED UNTIL 1803. WIKIPEDIA • COMMON LANGUAGES: GARHWALI, SANSKRIT • GOVERNMENT: MONARCHY • DISESTABLISHED: 1949 • TODAY PART OF: GARHWAL DIVISION, UTTARAKHAND, INDIA

KATYURI RULERS • VASU DEV (700- 849 CE) • BHU DEV (955-970 CE) • BASANTANA DEV (850-870 CE) • SALONADITYA (970-985 CE) • KHARPAR DEV (870-880 CE) • ICHCHHATA DEV (985 -1000 CE) • ABHIRAJ DEV (880-890 CE) • DESHAT DEV (1000 -1015 CE) • TRIBHUVANRAJ DEV (890-900 CE) • PADMATA DEV (1015-1045 CE) • NIMBARTA DEV (900-915 CE) • SUBHIKSHARAJA DEV (1045-1060 • ISTANGA (915-930 CE) • LALITASURA DEV (930-955 CE) CE) • DHAM DEV • BIR DEV (VERY SHORT PERIOD)[19]

PALACES IN UTTARAKHAND

TRADITION AND CULTURE OF UTTARAKHAND DONE BY:- GURUSHREE M

Traditional dresses in Uttarakhand Garhwali Traditional Clothing: For men : As a part of their traditional attire the men wear Kurta paired with either Pyjama or Churidar. This is probably one of the most commonly worn clothing in this community which is also often paired up with a traditional Topi or a cap which also serves the purpose of saving the face and eyes from the harsh sun. For women : Women tie up their sari here in this region is very different from the rest of India and they are also very particular about the way they wear their sari since they feel like it represents their community and preserves their societal traditions and beliefs. Married women are dressed in silver ornament called Hansuli which adorns the bride’s neck

Traditional dresses in Uttarakhand (contd.) Kumaoni Traditional Clothing: For men : They wear Pyjama paired with Kurta due to its location and to ensure comfortable mobility since they have to travel long, rugged distances on foot. For a headgear, they adorn themselves with Topis or turbans are known traditionally as Pagdis. They unlike their counterpart, also wear some sort of jewellery on their necks and hands. This is only specific and limited to the region of Kumaon parts in Uttarakhand. For women : They wear Ghagras paired up with a shirt in the form of a blouse which is also referred to as Kameez in the local languages. During the wedding events, the women make sure to wear a Pichora which is hand-dyed and coloured yellow. Women who are married wear a big Nath or nose ring that covers almost their entire cheek along with silver toe rings and brightly coloured sindoor.

Folk Songs of Uttarakhand Bajuband : This is a folk song of love and sacrifice between the shepherds. It is a love dialogue between the man and woman or between a boy and girl which is sung in the form of a folk song Basanti: 'Basanti' folk songs are composed for the coming spring season when flowers, bloom and new life spring in the valleys of the hills of Garhwal. The folk song is sung individually or in groups. Chhopati : These are the folk songs popular in Rawain-Jaunpur area of Tehri Garhwal. 'Chhopati' are the love songs sung between the men and women in the form of questions and answers. Chhura : 'Chhura' folk songs are sung among shepherds in the form of advice given by the old to youngsters, having learnt it out of their experience, particularly in grazing sheep and goats.

Dance Forms of Uttarakhand Cholia Dance • Choliya dance is the sword dance, meant to depict the martial art traditions of the Kumaoni tribe. • This dance form is as old as a thousand years, and it is performed during the local Rajput weddings. • The Choliya dancers are equipped with swords and shields, regional brass instruments including Turi and Ransing, and percussion instruments like dhol and damaru etc. • The dancers dress like the Kumaon warriors and engage in mock sword fights with duly synchronised twists and turns of the body.

Dance Forms of Uttarakhand (contd.) Jhora Dance • Jhora dance is a springtime celebration performed by the local people by moving around in circles. • It is a highly popular dance in the Kumaon Himalayas. • The USP of this dance is that it aims to break caste barriers, thus allowing both higher and lower caste people to perform it together. • Besides springtime, this dance is also performed during weddings and local fairs.

Dance Forms of Uttarakhand (contd.) Pandav Nritya • The Pandava Nritya tells the tale of the five heroes of Hindu mythology, the Pandava brothers of Mahabharata, from start to end. • Through this ecstatic dance, the various stages of their life are portrayed, performed on the drum beats. • It is believed that the energies of the five Pandavas enter the body of performing artists during the stage performance. • On the last day of Pandava Nritya, a grand feast is organised for the villagers.

Dance Forms of Uttarakhand (contd.) Langvir Dance • This is an energetic dance performed more often than not by men. • In Langvir, the dancer climbs a bamboo pole and balances himself at his navel on the top of the pole. • Music is given by Dhol and he balances, swivels and almost dances on his belly at the pole, performing other acrobatic stunts.

Dance Forms of Uttarakhand (contd.) • Bhotia Dance The Bhotiyas are an ancient tribe of Uttarakhand, and the namesake dance is performed by them is closely linked to their death rituals. • It is a common belief among the Bhotiyas that the soul of the dead lives in the body of a sheep or goat after the human body dies. • By performing the Bhotiya dance, the soul of the dead can be liberated from the animal’s body.

Dance Forms of Uttarakhand (contd.) Chhapeli • Chhapeli dance is performed by couples with the female carrying a mirror in her left hand and a colored handkerchief in the other. • The male plays a Hudukka on his left shoulder accompanied by others playing the Hurka, Manjira and Flute. • The dance is a duet that outlines the joys of romance. • The woman partner (sometimes also a young boy) dances with a smile and elegant waist movements, either in admiration of her beauty and charm or mocking her ways of expressing love.

Dance Forms of Uttarakhand (contd.) Chancheri • This is a group dance of Danpur Patti region of Bageshwar District in Kumaon. • Both men and women dance in a semi-circular formation with gradually increasing pace putting across unbridled joy.

Dance Forms of Uttarakhand (contd.) Mukhota Dance • It is another interesting dance performed at a fair organised in the month of Vaishakha. • The fair starts from Vaishakha Sankranti (the day when the Sun enters a new sign) and the worship of Bhumiyal Devta. • People offer ground rice preparations every day during this fest. • Participants wear traditional clothing and masks that are made to resemble various deities and demons.

Art and Painting styles of Uttarakhand Murals The fine arts of Uttaranchal are decidedly geometric with a natural grace and simplified complexity. One will find almost every home and place of worship decorated with some kind of mural done either as a proper wall painting or in the form of Aipan and Peeth.

Art and Painting styles of Uttarakhand (contd.) Aipan Rangoli, a traditional Indian art displayed in front of the house, makes up a sacred and age-old practice. Aipan is one of the conventional forms of rangoli, mainly practiced in the state of Uttarakhand. The art has cultural as well as religious implication in the life of the Kumanois.

Art and Painting styles of Uttarakhand (contd.) Pahari Pahari painting (literally meaning a painting from the mountainous regions: pahar means a mountain in Hindi) is an umbrella term used for a form of Indian painting, done mostly in miniature forms. Pahari painting grew out of the Mughal painting, though this was patronized mostly by the Rajput kings who ruled many parts of the region, and gave birth to a new idiom in Indian painting.

Festivals of Uttarakhand Makar Sankranti (Ghughutia) • According to the Hindu religious texts, on the day of Uttarayani, the sun enters the Zodiacal sign of 'Makar' (Capricon) from the Zodiacal sign of the Kark (Cancer), i.e. from this day onwards the sun becomes 'Uttarayan' or it starts moving to the north. • It is said that from this day, which signals a change of season, the migratory birds start returning to the hills. • On Makar Sankranti people give Khichadi (a mixture of pulses and rice) in charity, take ceremonial dips in holy rivers, participate in the Uttarayani fairs and celebrate the festival of Ghughutia or Kale Kauva.

Festivals of Uttarakhand (contd) Basant Panchami • The festival of Basant Panchami celebrates the coming of the spring season. • This festival, which also signals the end of winter, is generally celebrated during Magh (January - February). • During this festival people worship the Goddess Saraswati, use yellow handkerchiefs or even yellow cloths and in a few places people put a yellow tilak on their foreheads.

Festivals of Uttarakhand (contd) Phool Dei • Phool Dei is celebrated on the first day of the month of Chaitra in mid March and on this day young girls conduct most of the ceremonies. • In some places this festival is celebrated throughout the month with the advent of spring.

Festivals of Uttarakhand (contd) Harela and Bhitauli • On the first day of the navaratris (nine day holy period) of the month of Chaitra women fill baskets with soil and sow seven types of grains in them. • The grains germinate symbolizing the future harvest. These yellow leaves, called Harela, are cut on the tenth day and people put them on their heads and behind their ears. During the month of Chaitra (March-April) brothers send presents to their sisters.These presents are called Bhitauli.

Cuisine of Uttarakhand Kafuli • This dish is a boon for all the diet-conscious people out there. Yes, it is actually that nutritious. • Kafuli is a famous food of Uttarakhand that all locals swear by. • It is basically primarily prepared of Spinach and fenugreek leaves, which even the doctors, prescribe. • It is an exotic dish, prepared in an iron kadhai, and complemented by hot steaming rice. • It is the most nourishing and health-conscious dish you will come across in the State.

Cuisine of Uttarakhand (contd.) Bhang Ki Chutney • There is chutney made in Uttarakhand that is actually bhang ki chutney. • It simply enhances the taste of every other cuisine and its fresh aroma and tangy taste will linger in your mouth long after you have consumed it. • It is basically prepared of Hemp Seeds which provides it the characteristic aroma.

Cuisine of Uttarakhand (contd.) Garhwal ka Fannah • This heavenly Uttarakhand food is a staple of Mussoorie and is good enough to satiate both your eyes and stomach. • It happens to be one of those dishes that will simply leave you craving for more. • Since it is so divine in its taste and aroma, Garhwal Ka Fannah has become a must food item in the menu card for every occasion that takes place in Uttarakhand.

Cuisine of Uttarakhand (contd.) Phaanu • Phaanu is a dish which is famous mostly in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand. • It is rather complicated to prepare since it is made by mixing lentils of different varieties that are soaked in water overnight. • It is a kind of soupy dish, served mostly wish rice.

Cuisine of Uttarakhand (contd.) Baadi • Baadi is a famous Uttarakhand food that has mesmerised the locals and tourists since a long time, mainly by its lingering aroma and tangy taste. • This dish is as simple as the people of Uttarakhand. • It is abundant in Vitamin B12 and Vitamin A among others. Kumaoni Raita • Like the Bhang ki Chutney, Kumaoni Raita is another dish that common in Uttrakhand. • The locals of this state can’t do without Kumaoni Raita which is prepared from curd, turmeric, and cucumber.