Step 3: Click “Skip this and use my existing email” button, so that we can use the current emailcredentials. 45
Step 4: Enter the required credentials and click the Continue button to proceed. Onceconfigured, the email client will then provide the common features for any email client. Now, wewill be able to view the Inbox as well as all the messages in the Inbox. 46
Step 5: Click any message to get more information on the received email as shown in thefollowing screenshot. 47
Sending EmailStep 1: In the Menu option, click the Write option to create a message which needs to be sent. 48
Step 2: Enter the message details. Once complete, click the Send Button. Note, there is also anoption to spell check and add attachments.The sent messages will be displayed in the Sent messages section as shown in the followingscreenshot. 49
On the right-hand side of the screen, there are shortcuts available to view mail, compose a newmessage, and view contacts as seen in the following screenshot. 50
8. Ubuntu − MessagingThe default messaging software used on desktops today is the Skype software. This software isdistributed by Microsoft. Skype by default does not come with Ubuntu installation. It will not bepresent in the Software Center. We have to download and install it from the official Skype site.Following are the steps to get this in place.Step 1: Go to the official download site for Skype - https://www.skype.com/en/download-skype/skype-for-computer/Step 2: The site will automatically understand that we are working from a Linux distribution andprovide options for downloading the Linux version of Skype. We will choose the Ubuntu 12.04version, as this will work on the later distribution. 51
Step 3: Once the package is downloaded, it will open in the Software Center. Choose the Installoption to install the package. 52
Step 4: Once Skype is installed, we can search for it and launch it accordingly. 53
Step 5: Click the „I Agree‟ button in the following screenshot.Skype will now launch. 54
Step 6: Enter the required credentials to start using Skype. 55
9. Ubuntu − Media PlayersUbuntu provides some options when it comes to Media Players.RhythmboxBy default, it contains a music player called Rhythmbox.We can search for it, and launch it as shown in the following screenshot. 56
The general user interface of Rhythmbox is as shown in the following screenshot. It can be usedto play music from the computer or even download and listen to songs from the Internet. 57
To add music, click the File menu option and choose the Add Music option. 58
To listen to radio stations, click on the Radio option on the left hand side of the screen, click thedesired radio station, and click the play button. 59
ShotwellShotwell is the default application for managing photos. This application does a good job inoffering the users all the possible options required for managing photos and photo albums.We can search for the application and launch it as shown in the following screenshot. 60
The general user interface of the application is as shown in the following screenshot. 61
To import the existing folders, choose the menu option of File -> Import from folder. 62
Then choose the location to which the photos are to be imported and click the OK button. 63
It now gives an option to either copy the photos from the place or to Import in place. Let‟schoose the option to copy the photos. 64
Once done, the photos will then be visible in the source location. 65
Enhancement tools can be used to enhance the picture. To do so, just click the picture andchoose the Enhance option from the left-hand context menu. 66
We can then enlarge the picture, auto correct it, remove red-eye along with many otheradjustment features. 67
VLCVLC is the most widely used video player and this is also available in Ubuntu.To get VLC installed, following are the steps.Step 1: Go to the Software Center and choose the Video option. 68
Step 2: Choose the option of VLC media player as shown in the following screenshot.Step 3: Click the Install button in the following screen to begin the installation of VLC media player. 69
Step 4: Once complete, click the Launch button.VLC media player will now launch. The media player can be normally used as on a Windowsmachine. 70
10. Ubuntu − User ManagementUbuntu provides the facility to create new users who can be authorized to log on to the system.Let‟s look at the different functions that can be performed with the help of user management.Creating UsersThe following steps need to be performed for the creation of users.Step 1: Launch the user management console from the search menu. In the search menu, enterthe keyword of users. The User Accounts icon will then appear. Double-click on the User Accountsicon. 71
Step 2: The user management screen will then pop up as shown in the following screenshot. Toperform any sort of user management, we first need to press the Unlock button and enter ouradministrator credentials.Step 3: Enter the administrator credentials in the pop-up box which comes up and click theAuthenticate button. 72
Once we click Authenticate, all the user management functions on the screen will become enabled.Step 4: Click the plus button to create a user.Step 5: Enter the user details. We can only create Standard and Administrator account types.Step 6: Click the Add button to complete the operation of adding the user. 73
Enabling the User AccountWhen the user is created, the user account is disabled. This is because a password has not beenassociated with the account.Following are the steps to enable the user account.Step 1: Click the Account disabled option. This will prompt for the password dialog box. 74
We have the option to either set a password, log in without a password, or enable the account. Agood practice is to always set a password for an account.Step 2: To set the password and click the Change button.Step 3: The account will now be enabled. Log in using the newly created account. 75
Managing User Permissions and GroupsTo manage user permissions and groups, an additional package needs to be installed. Followingare the steps to manage user permissions and groups.Step 1: Go to the search option and type the command keyword.Step 2: The search result of Terminal appears. Click it to open the command prompt.Step 3: Next, issue the following command. sudo apt-get install gnome-system-toolsThe apt-get command line is used to install additional packages from the Internet for the Ubuntusystem. Here, we are telling Ubuntu that we want to install additional system tools so that we canmanage user permissions and groups. 76
Step 4: We will then be prompted for the password of the current logged in account and to alsoconfirm to download the necessary packages for the installation. Enter the „Y‟ option to proceed. 77
Step 5: Once the installation is complete, when we search for users in the search option inUbuntu, we can see an additional option of Users and Groups.Step 6: Click the Users and Groups option. Now, there will be an additional option of user andgroups. 78
Step 7: Click the Advanced settings button. We will be prompted to enter the password of thecurrent logged on user to authenticate. Enter the password and click the Authenticate button.Step 8: In the next dialog box which appears, we will then be able to assign the required userprivileges to the user. 79
Step 9: Now, if we click on the Groups option, we will see that it has the option to create anddelete groups.Step 10: Click on the Add button to add a group.Step 11: In the next dialog box, we can provide a group name and assign members to that group.Step 12: Finally, click the OK button to create the group. 80
11. Ubuntu − Files & FoldersTo open the file like explorer in Ubuntu, click the Files option in the software launcher. In thefollowing screenshot the Files icon is encircled in red.On clicking the icon, the following screen which is the File like explorer in Ubuntu opens up. 81
Creating a FolderStep 1: To create a folder, choose a location where the folder needs to be created.Step 2: Then right-click and choose the option of New Folder.Step 3: Provide a name for the folder accordingly. 82
Renaming a FolderStep 1: To rename a folder, right-click the folder which needs to be renamed.Step 2: Right-click and choose the rename option from the context menu. 83
Step 3: Provide the new name of the folder accordingly.Note: There are other options such as move or copy the folder or move the folder to trash. 84
Seeing the Properties of a FileTo see the properties of a file, right-click the file and choose the Properties option from thecontext menu.Using the option, we can view the properties of the file and modify the permissions of the fileaccordingly as shown in the following screenshot. 85
12. Ubuntu − Word WriterThe Word Writer comes in-built in Ubuntu and is available in the Software launcher.The icon is encircled in red in the above screenshot. Once we click on the icon, the writer willlaunch. 86
We can start typing in the Writer as we normally would do in Microsoft Word.Saving DocumentsTo save a document, just click on the save menu option as shown in the following screenshot. 87
Specify the location, the name of the file and then click the Save button.Creating New DocumentsTo create a new document, choose the new menu option as shown in the following screenshot. Itshows an option to create various types of documents. 88
Opening an Existing DocumentTo open an existing document, choose the option of opening an existing document from the filemenu options as shown in the following screenshot. The option icon is encircled in red.Once the open menu option is clicked, it presents a dialog box with an option to choose the filewhich needs to be opened. Click on the desired file and then click Open. 89
Working with TablesTables can be inserted using the Insert table option as shown in the following screenshot.Once the table has been added, we can then work on the table as we would on Microsoft Word.To add additional rows and columns work to the table, right-click on the table and choose thevarious table options available. 90
You can also work with the format of the text using the various font options in the toolbar ofWord Writer. 91
13. Ubuntu − SpreadsheetsThe default application for spreadsheets in Ubuntu is called Calc. This is also available in thesoftware launcher.Once we click on the icon, the spreadsheet application will launch. 92
We can edit the cells as we would normally do in a Microsoft Excel application.Adding FormulasFormulas can be added in the same manner as in Microsoft Excel. The following example showsan excel sheet which has 3 columns. The 3rd column is the multiplication of the Units and Unitprice column. 93
The columns can be dragged to ensure the same formula is repeated for each row.Saving a SheetTo save a sheet, go to the Save As menu option as shown in the following screenshot. 94
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