Journal American Water Works Association February 2017 Volume 109 Number 2

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Feature ArticleRO B E RT M . C L A RK, SRI N I VAS PAN G U L U R I , T R EN T D . N EL S O N , AN D R I C H AR D P. W Y MAN Protecting Drinking WaterUtilities From Cyberthreats C ybersecurity challenges have the potential for becoming one of AS CYBERSECURITY the defining issues of our time. Cyberattacks have become an THREATS IN THE WATER ever-growing threat, and the US Federal Bureau of Investiga- SECTOR INCREASE, NEW tion (FBI) now ranks cybercrime as one of its most important law enforcement activities. In addition to the general problems GUIDANCE TOOLS CAN associated with cybercrime, critical infrastructure related to energy produc- HELP UTILITIES DEVELOP tion, manufacturing, water supply, and other systems have come under COUNTERMEASURES TO attack. For example, drinking water utilities are increasingly incorporatingPROTECT WATER SOURCES computer technology into their routine operations and are therefore increas- ingly vulnerable to cyberthreats. Supervisory control and data acquisition AND SUPPLY. (SCADA) systems that are used to manage automated, physical processes essential to water treatment and distribution systems have become standard in drinking water utilities of all sizes. However, even when best practices in standard information technology cybersecurity are applied, these types of systems have still proved to be vulnerable to cyberattacks.50 CLARK ET AL.  |  109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

In 2015, the US Department of agency (SSA) for water and waste- concern (Clapper 2012). A USHomeland Security (DHS) re- water systems to “provide, support, Government Accountability Officesponded to 25 cybersecurity inci- or facilitate technical assistance and (USGAO) report issued in 2013dents in the water sector (8.5% of consultations . . . to identify vulner- states that cybersecurity threats tothe total incidents reported) and 46 abilities and help mitigate incidents, systems supporting critical infra-incidents in the energy sector. Com- as appropriate.” Initially, the USEPA structure and federal informationparatively, between 2014 and 2015,the reported number of water-sector Establishing a cybersecurity culture isincidents increased by 78.6% (from the framework for implementing a strong14 to 25). To help address this growing defensive program.threat, the DHS, US EnvironmentalProtection Agency (USEPA), and focused on physical security; however, systems are evolving and growing inAWWA have formed a partnership with the rapid proliferation of com- the United States (USGAO 2013).to enhance cybersecurity. This part- puter systems and telecommunica-nership—in which AWWA has taken tion networks, cybersecurity has Executive Order (EO) 13636 wasa significant leadership role—has become an area of increasing con- issued in February 2013 with thedeveloped a number of guidance cern (WSCCCSWG 2013). Cyber- intent of improving the cybersecu-documents and techniques to coun- security is an increasing focus in the rity of US critical infrastructureter cyberattacks and minimize cyber water industry because, as previously (DHS 2013, Fischer et al. 2013).vulnerability in the water sector. mentioned, water utilities are more The order attempted to enhance theThese approaches and common frequently using industrial control sys- security and resilience of US criticalcybersecurity and water system vul- tem (ICS) networks to control the infrastructure through voluntarynerabilities in the United States are physical processes essential to water and collaborative efforts includingsummarized in this article. A new treatment and distribution (Ginter the following:approach for protecting drinking 2016). Water utilities of all types havewater systems against hacking and become dependent on SCADA sys- • Expand an existing DHS pro-cyberattacks, based on the concept tems, which are a class of ICSs that gram for information sharingof unidirectional gateways, is also are becoming standard for all and collaboration betweenpresented and discussed. medium to large drinking water util- the government and the pri- ities. SCADA systems are frequently vate sector.BACKGROUND integrated into large-scale processes Water supply professionals and that can include multiple sites and • Develop a process for identifying large distances. critical infrastructure that has agovernment planners have long been high priority for protection.aware that urban water systems are CYBERSECURITY CHALLENGES INvulnerable to a number of man-made THE UNITED STATES • Require the National Instituteand natural disasters including water of Standards and Technologyshortages and droughts, earthquakes, In 2009, President Barack Obama (NIST) to develop a cybersecu-and storms (Clark & Hakim 2016, declared cyber threats to be among rity framework of standardsJanke et al. 2014). Since the attacks “the most serious economic and and best practices for protect-of 9/11, government planners in the national security challenges we face ing critical infrastructure.United States have been forced to as a nation” (Obama 2009). It isconsider the vulnerability of all of clear that challenges related to cyber- • Require regulatory agencies tothe nation’s critical infrastructure, security have the potential for bec- determine the adequacy of cur-especially water systems, to terror- oming one of the defining issues of rent requirements and theirism. The Public Health Security and our time, and according to President authority to establish require-Bioterrorism Preparedness and Obama, “America’s economic pros- ments to address the risks.Response Act of 2002 (PL 107-188 perity in the 21st century will depend2002) intensified this focus on water on cybersecurity” (Obama 2009). In Commonly recognized cybersecurity. Presidential Policy Directive January 2012, the US director of aggressors, as noted by Fischer et al.(PPD)-21 established a national pol- national intelligence, in testimony (2013), includeicy for federal departments and before the House of Representatives,agencies to identify and prioritize stated that cyber threats pose a criti- • cyberterrorists who are state-critical infrastructure and to protect cal national and economic security sponsored and non-state actorsthem from terrorist attacks (The who engage in cyberattacks asWhite House 2013). It established a form of warfare;the USEPA as the sector-specific • cyber spies who steal classified or proprietary information used by governments or private cor- porations to gain a competitive CLARK ET AL. | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA 51

strategic, security, financial, or government agencies, and other nation’s critical infrastructure and political advantage; entities. Cyber-based attacks can initiated programs such as the • cyberthieves who engage in compromise sensitive information National Strategy to Secure illegal cyberattacks for mon- and privacy, economic and national Cyberspace (Bush 2003). This pro- etary gain; security, proprietary information, gram addresses the vulnerabilities of • cyberwarriors who act as agents or intellectual property, or result in SCADA systems (ICSs) and called for or quasi-agents of nation–states identity theft. According to the US the public and private sectors to who develop capabilities and Computer Emergency Readiness work together to foster trusted con- undertake cyberattacks in sup- Team (US-CERT), from 2006 to trol systems (Edwards 2010, Dakin port of a country’s strategic 2012, cybersecurity incidents et al. 2009). As previously discussed, objectives; and increased from 5,503 to 48,562 SCADA systems and ICSs are an • cyberhacktivists who perform (USGAO 2013). As cybercrime has essential component for the effective cyberattacks for pleasure or for become one of the FBI’s most operation of most water utilities in philosophical or other non- important law enforcement activi- the United States. Homeland Security monetary reasons. ties, President Obama proposed a Presidential Directive–7 and its suc- According to the USGAO (2011), new budget in 2016 that would cessor, PPD-21, which was issued inadvanced persistent threats (APTs) sharply increase annual spending 2013, reaffirmed the water sector aspose increasing risks throughout the on cybersecurity from $13 billion one of the 16 critical infrastructureworld. APTs occur when adversaries to $14 billion (Granville 2015, sectors that must be protected.possess sophisticated levels of Szoldra 2015).expertise and significant resources In 2015 the DHS responded toto pursue their objectives repeatedly WATER SYSTEM SECURITY 295 incidents reported by assetover an extended period. These IN THE UNITED STATES owners and industry partners asobjectives may be perpetrated by summarized in Figure 1, whichforeign militaries or organized inter- From both public health and shows that the water sector reportednational crime groups. Growing and economic perspectives, public water the fourth-largest number of inci-evolving threats can potentially supply represents a critical infra- dents (DHS 2016). The second-larg-affect all segments of society, includ- structure that needs protection. est number of reported incidentsing individuals, private businesses, After 9/11, the federal government was in the energy sector, which directed efforts to secure the could have a direct impact on water supply systems.FIGURE 1 2015 security incidents reported by sector While the USEPA is the SSA leadCritical manufacturing, 97 (32.9%) Nuclear reactors, materials, and waste, 7 (2.4%) for protecting the critical infrastruc-Energy, 46 (15.6%) Dams, 6 (2.0%) ture in the water sector, it works col-Unknown, 27 (9.2%) Information technology, 6 (2.0%) laboratively with the DHS, utilityWater, 25 (8.5%) Chemical, 4 (1.4%) owners and operators, and represen-Transportation systems, 23 (7.8%) Commercial facilities, 3 (1.0%) tatives from industry associations toGovernment facilities, 18 (6.1%) Defense industrial base, 2 (0.7%) ensure that cyber protection andHealthcare and public health, 14 (4.7%) Financial, 2 (0.7%) resilience strategies are effective andCommunications, 13 (4.4%) Food and agriculture, 2 (0.7%) practical, as required by EO 13636 (DHS 2013). USEPA has determinedSource: DHS 2016 that current cybersecurity regulatory requirements in the water sector are sufficient and contemplates no regu- latory action. Cybersecurity initiatives. Sector- specific partners include NIST, DHS, AWWA, and USEPA, as well as the Water Research Foundation, the Water Environment Research Foundation, other water associa- tions, educational institutions, na- tional research laboratories, public and private research foundations, state and local agencies, public water systems (PWSs), and related organi- zations. Some of the collaborative52 CLARK ET AL. | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA

cyberinitiatives are discussed in the The G430 standard is intended for confidentiality, individual privacy,following sections. all water and wastewater systems and civil liberties (Stoner 2014). regardless of size, location, owner- NIST. NIST recently issued the ship, or regulatory status. This stan- APTs. In an increasingly connectedFramework for Improving Critical dard builds on the long-standing world, threats can originate fromInfrastructure Cybersecurity (2014), water sector practice of using a anywhere and be executed by any-which is the basis for the cybersecu- “multiple-barrier approach” to pro- one, but, as mentioned previously,rity framework presented later in tect public health and safety. The APTs are usually the most danger-this article. ous. Of the total number of incidents DHS. The DHS has established Since the attacks of 9/11, governmentthe Critical-Infrastructure Cyber planners in the United States have beenCommunity (C3) Voluntary Program forced to consider the vulnerability of allas a partnership to increase aware- of the nation’s critical infrastructure,ness and use of the NIST cybersecu- especially water systems, to terrorism.rity framework. The C3 VoluntaryProgram is designed to connect requirements of this standard are reported to US-CERT in 2014,water sector participants with DHS designed to support a utility-specific roughly 55% involved APTs orand other federal government pro- security program and are expected sophisticated actors. Other actorgrams to provide resources that will to result in consistent and measur- types included hacktivists, insiderassist their efforts in managing able outcomes. They address the full threats, and criminals. APTs have spe-cyber-risks. The DHS’s US-CERT spectrum of risk management includ- cific targets and goals includingleads efforts to improve the nation’s ing organizational commitment, extracting data, sabotage, and/or pro-cybersecurity posture, coordinate physical and cybersecurity, and cess shutdown. In order to accom-cyberinformation sharing, and pro- emergency preparedness. plish these goals, the APTs need toactively manage cyber-risks to the have access to the facility (electroni-nation while protecting the constitu- The water utility industry has cally or physically) and detailedtional rights of Americans. been active in a number of ways to design information concerning the improve cybersecurity in the indus- control system and the process. AWWA. In an effort to provide try. For example, the VirginiaPWSs with more actionable informa- Department of Health, in collabo- Common vulnerabilities in thetion on cybersecurity, AWWA has ration with USEPA Region 3, has water supply industry. Historically,released the Process Control System undertaken an evaluation of cyber- business and SCADA networks wereSecurity Guidance for the Water security practices in 24 utilities of separate. Even if a utility owner rec-Sector (2014) and a supporting Use- varying sizes and characteristics ognized the value of integratingCase Tool (Roberson & Morley (Manalo et al. 2015). In California, SCADA data into its strategic deci-2014). The goal of AWWA’s guidance various water districts have formed sion-making support systems, limi-is to provide water sector utility a committee to take the lead in tations in network topologies madeowners and operators with a consis- promoting awareness of cyberse- integration difficult. Older SCADAtent and repeatable course of action curity throughout the state’s public systems relied heavily on serial con-to reduce vulnerabilities to cyber- water utilities (Johnson & nectivity and very low-frequencyattacks as recommended by the Edwards 2007). radio communications that couldAmerican National Standards provide enhanced range and partialInstitute (ANSI)/AWWA G430 USEPA. As the water sector lead line-of-sight connectivity, none of(2015) and EO 13636. agency, the USEPA encourages PWSs which supported standard Internet to use the NIST cybersecurity frame- protocol connectivity desired by The ANSI/AWWA G430 standard work and participate in the DHS C3 business networks (Panguluri et al.defines the minimum requirements Voluntary Program. The voluntary 2011). This virtual isolation has ledfor a protective security program for cybersecurity framework provides a to a false sense of security by manythe water sector (AWWA 2015). It is flexible, performance-based, and SCADA system administrators.designed to promote the protection cost-effective approach to help PWSs Increasingly, however, SCADA andof employee safety, public health, assess and manage cyber-risk. The business networks of most medium- topublic safety, and public confidence. selected approach must also include large-scale PWSs are interconnected toThis standard is one of several in the provisions to protect businessAWWA Utility Management seriesdesigned to cover the principle activ-ities of a typical public water system.This AWWA standard received theSAFETY Act designation from theDHS in February 2012. CLARK ET AL. | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA 53

provide more integrated operation. equipment for the Maroochy Shire able to update the SCADA systemIf such integration is not secured, it Council. Between Feb. 28 and Apr. without losing any of the system’swill generally lead to greater vulner- 23, 2000, the former employee functionality (Horta 2007).ability; this is very important to the issued radio commands to the sew-water sector because it is thought to age equipment on 46 separate PROTECTING DRINKING WATER SYSTEMSIn 2009, President Barack Obamadeclared cyberthreats to be among Creating a cybersecurity culture.“the most serious economic and national Most water managers are unfamiliarsecurity challenges we face as a nation.” with information technology (IT) and SCADA/ICS technology, much lesslag behind most other critical infra- occasions that resulted in spills. Dur- cybersecurity defenses, so they muststructures in securing its control ing this period, the sewage system depend on their technical staff. How-systems (Weiss 2014, Baker et al. experienced the following series of ever, there are steps that utility man-2010). The top five areas of com- faults (Weiss 2014): agers can take to secure their systemsmon security gaps in water supply against cyberattacks. There are sev-are network configurations, media • Pumps were not running when eral publications, as previously dis-protection, remote access, docu- they should have been. cussed, that provide useful guidancemented policies and procedures, and in this area (Panguluri et al. 2017).trained staff. • Alarms were not reporting to Fisher (2014) lists an eight-stage pro- the central computer. cess for creating major change: Consequences of cyberattacks. Basedon a hacker’s motivation and objec- • Communication between the • Establish a sense of urgency bytives, they may try to extract informa- central computer and various identifying the potential crises.tion (data) to further develop attacks pumping stations was lost.or sell the information for gain. In • Create the guiding coalition byterms of water systems, an objective Another employee of the firm was putting together a group withmay be to cause public distrust or appointed to review the aforemen- the power to lead change.fear, and the hacker may attempt to tioned series of faults. This reviewdeny access to the system or destroy began with monitoring and recording • Develop a vision and strategyequipment. Hackers will often change all signals, messages, and traffic on the including policies and proce-files to cover their tracks to be unde- radio network. As a result of his inves- dures to define and enforcetectable. Cyberimpacts may also have tigations, the firm (along with other security.process impacts, depending on the experts) concluded that many of theprocess and system design. For problems were the result of human • Communicate the changeinstance, if attackers change database intervention rather than equipment vision.parameters in the real-time database failure. Additionally, the faults associ-(affecting system integrity), they could ated with the attack ceased after the • Empower broad-based action.turn on pumps and potentially cause former employee was arrested. • Generate short-term wins.a tank to overflow. • Consolidate gains and produce Another example of a major An often-cited example of a suc- cybersecurity problem occurred in more change.cessful attack against a wastewater Boca Raton, Fla., which has a • Anchor new approaches in thetreatment plant occurred in the medium-sized water and wastewaterMaroochy Shire in Queensland, Aus- facility. The utility experienced a emergent culture.tralia (Weiss 2014, Panguluri et al. series of cybersecurity incidents Establishing a cybersecurity cul-2004). The attack resulted in raw resulting in plant shutdowns. Even- ture is the framework for implement-sewage spilling into rivers, parks, tually, the SCADA system locked up ing a strong defensive program. Itand the grounds of a nearby hotel. and caused the water plant to shut puts the three legs of cybersecurityThe main consequence, in this case, down, and it took eight hours to re- on a firm foundation, namely tech-was environmental damage and soci- establish control of the system. There nology, people, and physical protec-etal costs. The attack was conducted was no monitoring system for the tion, the last of which implies situat-by an insider who originally installed network traffic, so it was difficult to ing IT equipment in a safe location.the SCADA radio-controlled sewage diagnose the source of the problem. Establishing a secured network It was ultimately concluded that the design. It has been traditional for network had experienced a data industrial control systems to apply storm. Eventually, the utility was standard IT security systems to con- trol networks—physical security, personnel security, and ICS network perimeter protections, including fire- walls and network intrusion detec- tion systems. However, a Ponemon Institute study (2013) showed that malicious cyberbreaches took an54 CLARK ET AL. | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA

average of 80 days to detect and 123 In cases in which a unidirectional often take advantage of VRF func-days to resolve. An example of a tech- gateway is unaffordable (e.g., for tionality to create separate virtualnological approach that may protect smaller-sized utilities) or is too techni- private networks (VPNs) for custom-an ICS is a unidirectional gateway. cally challenging to implement, utili- ers. This technology is also referred toTherefore, experts are recommending ties should investigate other alterna- as VPN routing and forwarding.that technological innovations, such tives such as implementing virtualas unidirectional gateways, be used as routing and forwarding (VRF) Cybersecurity designs should strivethe modern alternative to firewall (Stack 8 2015). VRF technology is to limit access or incorporate isola-perimeter protections for ICSs included with some off-the-shelf rout- tion capabilities of SCADA/ICSs. The(Waterfall 2016). All unidirectional ers that allow different routing tables isolation of an ICS can be achieved bygateways are combinations of hard- to work simultaneously within a establishing security enclaves (orware and software; they result in a given router. Devices using the differ- zones) with virtual local area net-system that can transmit information ent routing tables are virtually iso- works (VLANs) or subnets that arefrom a protected individual network lated—unable to communicate with segregated from lower securitybut that is physically unable to trans- each other even though they are con- zones, like corporate networks ormit any information back to that pro- nected to the same hardware. This any Internet-accessible zones. Infor-tected network from outside the sys- allows for network paths to be virtu- mation passing from one securitytem. This could be considered the ally segmented without using multiple zone to another should be monitored.optimal security approach. devices. Internet service providers Figure 2 illustrates an example of a secure PWS architecture.FIGURE 2 Secure PWS architecture exampleIDS—intrusion detection system, PLC—programmable logic controller, PWS—public water system, RTU—remote terminal unit,SCADA—supervisory control and data acquisition CLARK ET AL. | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA 55

In this example, the ICS environ- The application of secure archi- applications, and security compo-ment has been isolated with no tecture and isolation of the ICS nents should enable logging. Thisingress electronic connections. The environment prevents remote access capability should be centrallyuse of data diodes between the connection and unauthorized com- located through a security informa-SCADA/ICS (i.e., process control) and puters or network devices—includ- tion and event management systemcorporate (e.g., business analytics, ing third-party vendors—from to allow central management ofpayroll, accounting, e-mail) IT envi- entering into the ICS environment. monitoring appliances. It shouldronments allows for information Furthermore, the utility will also include log-reviews and alerting functionality—in the event that theCybersecurity designs should strive to system starts to identify anoma-limit access or incorporate isolation lies—for early detection and recov-capabilities of SCADA/ICSs. ery capabilities.sharing from the ICS environment need to address the issue of securely Finally, when decommissioningthrough a truly one-way transfer of installing patches, anti-virus signa- equipment, a proper equipmentdata from ICS historians (data- ture files, and application updates. disposal process should be in placebases) for business needs and These approaches typically involve to ensure no proprietary informa-reporting. The use of true isolation the use of portable media (USB tion ever leaves the environment.through data-diode technologies memory and USB hard drives), A proper disposal process protectsbetween the treatment plant ICS which also present security con- from malicious reverse engineer-and the corporate environment cerns. By deploying diode technol- ing, discovery, and reconnaissance(Figure 2) is more recent. The ogy, the cyber-risk of compromise activities.authors have observed the adoption from external networks, like theof this technology within the water Internet, is significantly reduced if ONGOING AND FUTURE SECURITY-sector at one utility, and it is gaining not eliminated. However, trusted RELATED RESEARCHincreasing acceptance. Some PWSs insiders, portable media, and physi-have identified the use of this tech- cal intrusions still present a poten- In an attempt to advance security-nology in their advance security tial vector into the system. There- related research in drinking water,posture planning documents. How- fore, a strong media protection the USEPA’s National Homelandever, implementing data-diode tech- policy and strong physical controls Security Research Center has partnerednology requires an investment in need to be developed to maintain with the Idaho National Laboratoryboth capital and manpower. At least the integrity of the environment. (INL) to build a water security testtwo full-time-equivalent (FTE) tech- Before adding a network device or bed (WSTB) at the INL facility innology staff are typically required computer to the ICS environment, a Idaho Falls, Idaho. The WSTB isfor several months during the devel- thorough analysis should be con- designed to support drinking wateropment, testing, verification, and ducted before it is approved for use. distribution system research, in-deployment phases. Additionally, Once approved, the equipment cluding research related to biofilms,depending on the complexity of the should stay at a secure, offsite loca- water quality in distribution sys-architecture, a successful deploy- tion for future use and be identified tems, sensors, other homelandment may require three or more as an ICS component. security–related contaminants andFTEs. After the full implementation cybersecurity. The WSTB is con-and optimization of the secure PWS Enhanced security practices. The structed from actual drinking waterarchitecture, it is estimated that at suggested architecture, along with distribution system pipes, whichleast ¼ to ½ FTE will be necessary strong policies and procedures, is allows research to be conductedto manage and support this type of necessary in order to develop a under conditions that simulate asecurity posture. On the bases of security culture that raises each real drinking water system (Szabocurrent water sector cybersecurity employee’s level of awareness. & Hall 2016).implementation and execution Management staff should providecosts, it is estimated that this type all necessary training for the core SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONSof technology implementation cybersecurity staff. The next stage As infrastructure becomes increas-(depending on the features) would in security is to monitor and verifyaverage around $300,000 for initial that the security controls are work- ingly connected, cyber–physicalimplementation and optimization. ing as designed through monitoring security in critical infrastructure, and log-file analysis. Systems, such as water supply, will become an even greater concern. In the United States, cybersecurity issues are extremely important from a national security perspective (USGAO 2013); however, there is a strong desire for56 CLARK ET AL. | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA

the separation of powers between ACKNOWLEDGMENT is a control systems engineer, boththe federal government and indi- The authors would like to at the Idaho National Laboratoryvidual states, which has made devel- in Idaho Falls, Idaho.oping a unified cybersecurity strat- acknowledge the assistance of Stevenegy difficult. J. Reese, research engineer at Idaho https://dx.doi.org/10.5942/jawwa.2017.109.0021 National Laboratory; Simon It is clear that cyberthreats to the Hakim, professor of economics REFERENCESwater sector are real. The insider and director of the Center forattack on the Maroochy Shire Competitive Government at the AWWA, 2015. G430-14 Security Practices forwastewater treatment plant provides Fox School, Temple University, Operation and Management. AWWA,insight into the real consequences of Philadelphia, Pa.; and Kevin Morley, Denver.a specific attack, and there have manager of federal relations at thebeen confirmed cases of cyberat- Government Affairs Office of AWWA, 2014. 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The White House,therefore imperative that PWSs Cincinnati, OH 45242 USA; Washington.adopt suitable countermeasures to [email protected]. He served as anprevent or minimize the conse- environmental engineer for the US Clapper, J.R., 2012. Unclassified Statement forquences of cyberattacks. Establish- Public Health Service and the US the Record on the Worldwide Threating a strong cybersecurity environ- Environmental Protection Agency Assessment of the US Intelligencement is the basis for implementing (USEPA) for more than 40 years, Community for the Senate Selecta strong cyberdefense. Such a pro- and as director of the USEPA’s Committee on Intelligence. Office of thegram should consist of technology, Water Supply and Water Resources Director of National Intelligence,people, and physical protection— Division for 14 years. Much of his Washington.protecting cyberdevices from physi- research at the USEPA was relatedcal tampering. It is also critical that to homeland security. After Clark, R.M. & Hakim, S., 2016. Protectingutility managers create and support retiring, he worked with Sandia Critical Infrastructure at the State,a cybersecurity culture. The lack of National Laboratories, the USEPA, Provincial, and Local Level: Issues inpolicies and procedures may be one and Rutgers University (Newark Cyber-Physical Security. Springerof the greatest barriers to develop- Campus), among others, as an International Publishers, Switzerland.ing adequate cybersecurity; if man- independent consultant dealingagement support is lacking, there with water security issues, in- Dakin, R.; Newman, R.; & Groves, D., 2009. Thewill never be an effective cybersecu- cluding cybersecurity. Clark has Case for Cyber Security in the Waterrity culture. published six books and more Sector. Journal AWWA, 101:12:30. than 400 papers and has been pro- AWWA, Denver. Utilities in the United States fessionally active in AWWA. He isshould avail themselves of the free recognized both nationally and DHS (Department of Homeland Security),opportunities available through internationally and has received 2016. NCCIC/ICS-CERT Year in Review:DHS to train their staff and allo- numerous awards for his work, National Cybersecurity andcate necessary funding to achieve including the AP Black Research Communications Integration Center/improvements in cybersecurity. Award from AWWA in 1993 for Industrial Control Systems CyberThe greatest challenge for the lifetime accomplishments in Emergency Response Team FY 2015.water industry is the large variance drinking water research. Srinivas DHS National Cybersecurity andin system size, staffing, and Panguluri is a senior project Communications Integration Center,resources available to the individ- engineer for CB&I Federal Services Washington. https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/ual utilities. Utilities should adopt LLC in Cincinnati, Ohio. 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Fischer, E.A.; Liu, E.C.; Rollins, J.; & for Your Water/Waste Water Utility. USGAO, 2011. High Risk Series: An Update. Theohary, C.A., 2013. The 2013 Cyber-Physical Security: Protecting GAO-11-278. USGAO, Washington. Cybersecurity Executive Order: Critical Infrastructure at the State and Overview and Considerations for Local Level. Springer International Waterfall, 2016. Unidirectional Security Congress. Congressional Research Publishers, Switzerland. Gateways. http://waterfall-security. Service, Washington. com/products/unidirectional-security- Panguluri, S.; Phillips, W.R.; & Ellis, P., 2011. gateways (accessed Sept. 26, 2016).Fisher, R., 2014. Applying Culture Change in Cyber Security: Protecting Water and Cyber Security to Enhance Homeland Wastewater Infrastructure. In Weiss, J., 2014. Industrial Control System Security. Proc. Colorado Technical Handbook of Water and Wastewater (ICS) Cyber Security for Water and University Doctoral Symposium, Systems Protection. 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The New York Security and Bioterrorism (PPD-21). www.whitehouse.gov/the- Times, Feb. 5, 2015. www.nytimes.com/ Preparedness and Response Act of press-office/2013/02/12/presidential- interactive/2015/02/05/technology/ 2002. 116 Statute 682-687. policy-directive-critical-infrastructure- recent-cyberattacks.html?_r=0 security-and-resil. Released Feb. 12, (accessed Mar. 7, 2016). Ponemon Institute, 2013. The Post Breach 2013 (accessed June 2, 2016). Boom. Ponemon Institute LLC, TraverseHorta, R., 2007. Final Report—The City of City, Mich. WSCCCSWG (Water Sector Coordinating Boca Raton: A Case Study in Water Council Cyber Security Working Group), Utility Cybersecurity. Journal AWWA, Roberson, J.A. & Morley, K.M., 2014. A 2013. Roadmap to a Secure and 99:3:48. Simple Action Plan for Utilities to Resilient Water Sector. AWWA and Secure Their Process Control Systems. USDHS, Washington.HSPD-7 (Homeland Security Presidential Journal AWWA, 106:2:23. Directive 7), 2003. Directive on Critical AWWA RESOURCES Infrastructure Identification, Stack 8, 2015. Networking Segmentation for Prioritization, and Protection. The White Security Using VRF. http://info.stack8. • Intake—AWWA’s Cybersecurity House, Washington. com/blog/enterprise-networking- Guidance and Tool. AWWA, 2016. segmentation-for-security-using-vrf Opflow, 42:8:2. Product No.Janke, R.; Tryby, M.E.; & Clark, R.M., 2014. (accessed Sept. 5, 2015). OPF_0083970. Protecting Water Supply Critical Infrastructure: An Overview. In Stoner, N., 2014. Reducing Cybersecurity • Security and Preparedness—A Securing Water and Wastewater Risks in the Water Sector: A Voluntary Simple Action Plan for Utilities to Systems: Global Experiences Partnership Approach. EPA Blog. http:// Secure Their Process Control (Protecting Critical Infrastructure: blog.epa.gov/epaconnect/2014/02/ Systems. Roberson, J.A. & Morley, Volume 2). Springer International reducing-cybersecurity-risks-in-the- K.M., 2014. Journal AWWA, Publishers, Switzerland. water-sector-a-voluntary-partnership- 106:2:23. Product No. approach/. Post published February 12, JAW_0079562.Johnson, S. & Edwards, D., 2007. Why Water 2014 (accessed Mar. 28, 2015). and Wastewater Utilities Should Be • Security and Preparedness— Concerned About Cyber Security. Szabo, J. & Hall, J., 2016. Water Security Don’t Know Where to Begin With Journal AWWA, 99:9:89. Test Bed Experiments at the Idaho Cyber Security? You May Already National Laboratory. EPA/600/R-15/146. Be on Your Way. Eifert, D., 2012.Manalo, C.; Noble, T.; Miller, K.; & Ferro, C., US Environmental Protection Agency, Journal AWWA, 104:12:26-28. 2015. Control Systems Cybersecurity: Washington. https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/ Product No. JAW_0077359. Lessons Learned From Virginia si_public_record_report. Assessments. Journal AWWA, cfm?dirEntryId=322581&fed_org_ These resources have been 107:12:60. https://doi.org/10.5942/ id=1253&subject=Homeland%20 supplied by Journal AWWA staff. jawwa.2015.107.0174. Security%20Research&view=desc&sor For information on these and tBy=pubDateYear&showCriteria=1&cou other AWWA resources, visitNIST (National Institute of Standards and nt=25&searchall=water%20security www.awwa.org. Technology), 2014. Framework for (accessed Sept. 8, 2016). Improving Critical Infrastructure Journal AWWA welcomes Cybersecurity, Version 1.0. www.nist. Szoldra, P., 2015. The 9 Worst Cyberattacks comments and feedback gov/cyberframework/upload/ of 2015. Tech Insider. www.techinsider. at [email protected]. cybersecurity-framework-021214.pdf io/cyberattacks-2015-12 (accessed Mar. (accessed Mar. 28, 2015). 7, 2016).Obama, B., 2009. Remarks by the President USGAO (US Government Accountability on Securing Our Nation’s Cyber Office), 2013. Cybersecurity: National Infrastructure. The White House, Strategy, Roles, and Responsibilities Washington. Need to Be Better Defined and More Effectively Implemented. GAO-13-187.Panguluri, S.; Nelson, T.D.; & Wyman, R.P., USGAO, Washington. 2017. Creating a Cybersecurity Culture58 CLARK ET AL. | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA

Above: Inside the containerized pilot plant at the SouthernRegional Wastewater Treatment Plant in Hollywood, Fla. BENJAMIN D. STANFORD AND ABIGAIL ANTOLOVICH Advanced Oxidation Process,Unique Hydrogeology Allow for Innovative Reuse Strategy F lorida’s 2008 Ocean Outfall Statute is designed to eliminate treated A 10-MONTH PILOT TEST wastewater discharges into the ocean in southeast Florida by 2025 OF ADVANCED OXIDATION and requires that reuse of wastewater increase in the region. The PROCESSES HELPED FIND statute mandates that the equivalent of 60% of the baselineTHE MOST EFFICIENT REUSE flows—in this case, the average annual discharges from the outfallsSOLUTION FOR THE CITY OF of each affected utility during the years 2003–2007—are included in waste- HOLLYWOOD TO ADDRESS water reuse projects by 2025. Although the statute was amended in 2013 to NEW FLORIDA STATUTES. allow for limited peak flows to continue to discharge through outfalls and provide for greater flexibility in meeting the original wastewater reuse man- dates, the overall stringent requirements imposed by the amended rule pose significant technical and fiscal challenges to the affected municipalities, includ- ing the City of Hollywood, Fla. STANFORD & ANTOLOVICH | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA 59

SETTING 1,000 mg/L, far exceeding threshold Floridan Aquifer recharge option. Hollywood’s Southern Regional levels that could make certain reuse The preliminary evaluation of alter- strategies economically feasible. For native reuse options identifiedWastewater Treatment Plant example, expanding the city’s exist- Floridan aquifer recharge through(SRWWTP) is a high-purity oxygen ing public irrigation system is not direct injection (1,000–1,500 ft belowplant rated at 55.5 mgd that treats feasible because most area vegetation the ground surface) as the most eco-wastewater from Hollywood and six cannot tolerate the elevated chloride nomical method of compliance. Dur-neighboring municipalities (i.e., levels. Additionally, the treated efflu- ing the process, it was determinedlarge users) in the southern region ent would be too corrosive for most that the area’s unique hydrogeologyof Broward County. Florida’s outfall industrial applications. Both of these could potentially facilitate this alter-rule requires the city to begin a pro- strategies would necessitate costly native approach (Table 2).cess to largely eliminate use of its reverse osmosis (RO) treatment. This,ocean outfall by 2025 and implement plus the cost for the necessary piping The Floridan aquifer has high lev-20.4 mgd of additional reuse on an network, would bring the cost close els of sodium and chloride, averagingannual basis. This requirement to $1 billion. 1,100 and 2,100 mg/L, respectively.excludes the city’s existing reuse sys- When used for potable water supply,tem from being counted toward meet- Another potential reuse strategy the saline aquifer water requires ROing the new reuse mandate. A com- included using treated SRWWTP to reduce total dissolved solidsprehensive 10-month study, using a effluent to recharge the Biscayne (TDS) prior to distribution. Becausecontainerized pilot plant to test and Aquifer, the major source of potable it would allow the city to avoid thedemonstrate a variety of advanced water for all of southeast Florida. expense of using RO to remove chlo-oxidation processes, has allowed for Treating SRWWTP effluent to meet ride and other salts before pumpingthe development of an alternative drinking water regulations, as well into the groundwater, recharge of thereuse treatment option for roughly as Broward County’s far more strin- Floridan Aquifer through directhalf the cost and carbon emissions of gent standards (Table 1), would injection of SRWWTP effluent wastraditional treatment methods. require microfiltration (MF), RO, identified as potentially the most and ultraviolet advanced oxidation economical option. Chloride levels. SRWWTP efflu- process (UV-AOP) treatment.ent chloride levels are more than Although local regulatory stan- dards for groundwater discharge out-TABLE 1 Regulatory challenges for aquifer recharge lined in the Broward County Code are more stringent than those of the state Parameter FDEP Broward County of Florida, the Broward County Environmental Protection andBiochemical oxygen demand—mg/L 20 mg/L 5 Growth Management Division hasTotal nitrogen—mg/L 10 mg/L — indicated that certain requirements forChemical oxygen demand—mg/L 10 Floridan Aquifer recharge may receivePhosphates—mg-P/L — 0.01 a variance, including those for phos-Sodium—mg/L — 160 phates, chemical oxygen demandChloride—mg/L 250 (COD), TDS, sodium, and chloride.Total dissolved solids—mg/L Subject to background 500 However, this waiver depends on pilotEmerging contaminants water quality Concerned, but tests demonstrating acceptable not defined removal of emerging contaminants Not defined compared with the typical treatment train required for Biscayne AquiferFDEP—Florida Department of Environmental Protection recharge (i.e., MF/RO/UV-AOP).Dashes indicate limit not defined PILOT TESTING In 2014, the City of HollywoodTABLE 2 Existing parameters for SRWWTP effluent, Biscayne Aquifer, and Floridan Aquifer and Hazen and Sawyer conducted the SRWWTP Effluent RechargeParameter SRWWTP Biscayne Floridan Treatment Pilot Study to demonstrate advanced treatment technologies that,Sodium—mg/L 640 18 1,100 on the basis of Broward County’s potential waiver, were likely to be theChloride—mg/L 1,400 140 2,100 most cost effective. In addition, this approach was expected to reduceTDS—mg/L 3,500 300 4,500 carbon emissions and minimizeSRWWTP—Southern Regional Wastewater Treatment Plant, TDS—total dissolved solids60 STANFORD & ANTOLOVICH  |  109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

secondary waste streams compared Delivery and set-up of the combined ozone and UV-AOP container unit alongside the ionwith treatment consisting of MF/RO/ exchange trailer.UV-AOP. The pilot study also deter-mined basic process performance cri- Following startup, pilot testing operational setpoints for influentteria for full-scale planning and design. was performed for approximately flow, deep bed filter backwash fre-Pictures of the inside of the pilot con- 10 months. During this time, the quency, UV, ozone and hydrogentainer are shown in the photographs pilot system was operated 24 h/day, peroxide dosing, and BAC filteron pages 59 (left photo) and 61. seven days/week, with the excep- flow rate. tion of scheduled monthly equip- The pilot tests were designed to ment cleanings. A pilot test log was Results. On the basis of 10 monthsidentify the best combination of maintained to record daily opera- of operation, both nonmembraneadvanced water treatment processes tions, including the various pilot pilot treatment schemes demon-to most efficiently reduce the target strated the ability to consistentlycontaminants. Two nonmembranetreatment schemes designed specifi-cally for removal of emerging con-taminants were pilot tested (Figure 1): •  Pilot scheme 1: deep bed filters with ion exchange (IX) for removal of total organic car- bon (TOC) and ammonia (NH3) with UV-AOP followed by biological activated carbon (BAC) for emerging contami- nant removal oxidation. •  Pilot scheme 2: deep bed filters with IX for TOC and NH3 removal, ozone, BAC, and UV for emerging contaminant removal.FIGURE 1 Piloted nonmembrane treatment schemesA UV-AOPThis process scheme included secondary treated effluent from the SRWWTP followed by deep bed filters, IX forTOC removal, UV-AOP, and BAC filters.Secondary Deep bed TOC NIHX4 H2O2 UV-AOP BAC clarifiers Cl2 filters IX ++ Return to +- +- SRWWTP +- +- --B OzoneThis process scheme includes secondary treated effluent from the SRWWTP followed by deep bed filters, IX for TOC removal,IX for ammonia removal, ozone, BAC filters, and HE-UV.Secondary Deep bed TOC NIHX4 O3 BAC HE-UV clarifiers Cl2 filters IX ++ Return to +- +- SRWWTP -- ++ --IBUXAV—C-Ai—oOnbPei—oxlohugaltinrcagaveli,oaNlcetHtiva4a—dtevaadmnccmaerodbnooinux,midCa,ltO2i—o3n—cphorloozorciennsees,, SHR2OW2W—ThyPd—roSgoeunthpeerrnoxRideeg,ioHnEa-lUWVa—stheiwgha-teernTerregaytmulternatviPollaent tw, TithOoCu—t pteortoaxl iodregaandidcitcioanrb, on, STANFORD & ANTOLOVICH  |  109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA 61

Interior of the containerized pilot plant at Hollywood’s Southern Regional Wastewater for the treatment necessary for fullTreatment Plant. compliance with state recharge regula- tions for Floridan Aquifer recharge,produce water that is safely within Hollywood demonstrated that both while full treatment compliance withFlorida Department of Environmental nonmembrane treatment schemes Broward County regulations forProtection primary and secondary are viable options for recharge in Floridan Aquifer recharge using tradi-drinking water standards. Both pilot Broward County to satisfy the new tional treatment methods that requiretreatment trains successfully oxi- state reuse requirement mandated by RO membrane treatment would havedized emerging contaminants well the new outfall rule. It also demon- an estimated 20-year present worth ofbelow the targeted limits, and there strated that the high effluent quality $590 million (Table 4).were no significant differences in achieved by both pilot schemes couldeffluent concentrations for key be achieved at substantially reduced In addition to full compliance withparameters between the two process costs as compared with the other state recharge regulations, however,schemes (Table 3). alternatives. as shown in Table 3, both pilot non- membrane treatment schemes also In addition to meeting state regu- Costs. The pilot study determined removed additional Browardlations and demonstrating effective that both non-RO membrane treat- County-specific nutrients andremoval of emerging contaminants, ment schemes present an estimated emerging contaminants at a 20-yearpilot-scale testing in the City of 20-year present worth of $190 million present worth in the $290–330 million range—half the cost of traditional treatment methods. Plus, the esti- mated annual operations and maintenance costs of either piloted treatment scheme is approximately half that of traditional treatment methods ($6.8–8.0 million versus $16.2 million, respectively). The pilot study showed that the treatment approach using either non- membrane pilot test scheme also sub- stantially lowered carbon emissions. Meeting Broward County standards through traditional treatment would release an estimated 29,000 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e)TABLE 3 Emerging contaminant oxidation for key parameters Emerging Functional Anticipated Drinking Pilot Influent Scheme 1 UV Dose Scheme 2 Ozone Contaminant Group Water Guideline <2.0 of 400 mJ/cm2 Dose of 5–8 mg/L1,4 dioxanea 3.0 15 <2.0Atrazine I 3,500 170 <1.3 <2.0Carbamazepine C 73.5 130 <10 <1.6Dilantin G 73.5 34 <103 <10Fluoxetine D 3,400 1,190 <26 <103Gemfibrozil F 15,000 <51 <26 <26Iopromide H 1,750,000 <51 <51 <26Naproxen E 45,500 760 <51 <115Sulfamethoxazole B 151,000 200 <10 <51Triclosan A 105,000 <52 <16 <52UV—ultravioleta1,4-dioxane listed as an individual contaminant, not associated with a specific functional group62 STANFORD & ANTOLOVICH  |  109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

TABLE 4 Estimated costs and carbon emissions for various levels of Floridan Aquifer recharge treatment and disposal Capital Annual Operation Potential Floridan Costa,b,c and Maintenance 20-Year Present Annual Carbon Aquifer Recharge millions of Costb,c,d Worthb,c,e Emissionsc,f Treatment Levels $ millions of $ millions of $ tons CO2e Expected Effluent Water QualitycFlorida Administrative 190 6,000 Code (62-610) 100 4.6 FDEP (>3,000 mg/L TDS) compliance Phosphates > 1.0 mg/LPiloted treatment 160–180 6.8–8.0 290–330 13,000–15,000 COD > 10 mg/L schemes TDS > 2,000 mg/L FDEP (>3,000 mg/L TDS) complianceBroward County Code 260 16.2 590 29,000 Phosphates > 1.0 mg/L (27-195) COD > 10 mg/L TDS > 2,000 mg/L Emerging contaminant oxidation Broward County compliance Phosphates < 0.01 mg/L COD < 10 mg/L TDS < 500 mg/L Emerging contaminant oxidationCOD—chemical oxygen demand, CO2e—carbon dioxide emissions, EO—executive order, FDEP—Florida Department of Environmental Protection,O&M—operations and maintenance, TDS—total dissolved solids, USEPA—US Environmental Protection AgencyaIncludes approximate construction cost, contingency and technical services. Recharge conveyance costs for 21 mgd estimated at $40 million and $0.9 million,  capital and O&M costs, respectively.bThis is an “order of magnitude” estimate as defined by AACE International. The expected range of accuracy is +50% to –30%.cFor 21 mgd on an annual average basis.dIncludes approximate power ($0.10/kW·h) and chemical costs. Does not include ancillary equipment replacement or labor costs.eAssumes 3% interest and 3% escalation.fScope 2 emissions defined by USEPA (EO 13423/13514) based on electrical consumption.emissions annually, whereas the ABOUT THE AUTHORS plumbing systems. Stanford haspiloted treatment schemes would be Benjamin D. published more than 30 peer-expected to release half that amount Stanford is director reviewed articles and was awarded(13,000–15,000 tons of CO2e). of applied research the 2012 Publications Award by at Hazen and AWWA. Stanford currently serves onNEXT: IMPLEMENTING A FULL- Sawyer in Raleigh, the AWWA Technical AdvisorySCALE SOLUTION N.C., where he Workgroup for the Contaminant manages a portfolio Candidate Lists (CCL3 and CCL4) AOP pilot tests allowed the team to and recently completed a three-yeardetermine the most efficient reuse that has spanned more than 70 term on the WateReuse Researchsolution for the City of Hollywood research grants. He also leads the Foundation’s Research Advisoryand its large users. The pilot study company’s water reuse practice Committee. Abigail Antolovich (toalso determined basic process perfor- group. Stanford earned his PhD whom correspondence may bemance criteria for full-scale planning degree in environmental sciences and addressed) is the water reuse businessand design, allowing the city to make engineering from the University of development manager for Norththe best decisions possible on how to North Carolina at Chapel Hill and America at Xylem Inc., 14125 S.implement the full-scale process. has conducted a range of studies Bridge Cir., Charlotte, N.C., 28273; across science, engineering, and [email protected]. Demonstrating and testing a vari- public health protection for water, She has more than 15 years ofety of advanced oxidation processes water reuse, and wastewater. His experience in the water andallowed Hollywood to develop an current work includes numerous wastewater industry and has workedinnovative reuse treatment option to direct and indirect potable water in the public and private sectors bothhelp it best comply with Florida’s reuse studies and projects. He also domestically and abroad. She earnedoutfall rule, providing effective serves as an expert advisor to a chemical engineering degree fromemerging contaminant oxidation AWWA, NSF, municipalities, and the University of Colorado atwithout RO. The pilot tests demon- several other groups on emerging Boulder and is a registeredstrated that recharging a brackish contaminants, cyanotoxins, chlorate/ professional engineer.aquifer would save capital and perchlorate, disinfection by-products,annual operations and maintenance and control of Legionella in premise https://dx.doi.org/10.5942/jawwa.2017.109.0023costs while significantly loweringcarbon emissions. STANFORD & ANTOLOVICH  |  109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA 63

Researcher to Researcher JOSEPH E. GOODWILL GoodwillImpactful and Impact FactorT he water system of a small Connecticut town for-profit business behaviors from colleges and universi- was struggling with simultaneously controlling ties. This shift is to be anticipated, as state and federal iron, manganese, and disinfection by-products funding continues to decrease for many of these institu- (DBPs). Problems included discolored wa- tions. To fill this funding void, some schools are relyingter, staining of home fixtures, and elevated DBPs. The more on overhead from research grants as an alterna-elevated levels of organic carbon in the source water lim- tive income stream. Departments may now have fund-ited the effectiveness of conventional manganese treat- ing quotas as part of tenure requirements. Competitionment techniques. The water utility sought to research for research dollars has become intense, with fund-potential solutions and funded a principal investigator ing rates at some environmental engineering–focusedand several students at a nearby university. After several organizations below 15% (NSF 2015a). In parallel, theyears of work, a novel post-filter manganese contactor market for new PhDs has become saturated with ap-was developed, and the needed approvals were granted. plicants, and competition for tenure-track positions isDesign was undertaken by a regional engineering firm, also stiff, with definite commitments near historic lowsand construction was completed in 2013. Water was sent (NSF 2015b).to consumers who noted the improved water quality, andthe project was considered a success. There were several Emerging from these drivers is a publish-or-perishspecial qualities of the project, including the innovative model in which faculty members are encouraged,technology developed and the rich collaboration between if not required, to frequently publish in select high-utility and university. There was another unique charac- impact-factor journals. This is part of a broader turn toteristic of this research: the results were not published in quantitative performance metrics for authors, includinghigh-impact-factor journals. the h-index (developed in 2005 and defined as the larg- est number h, such that h publications have at least hDRIVERS AND MEASURES OF IMPACT citations) and total citations. These metrics have rapidly The story of the Connecticut water system used to be become a sort of gold standard that dictate winners and losers in academia (Edwards & Roy 2016). However,a more common narrative of utility and university col- these metrics can be gamed, with how-to guides appear-laboration. However, higher education and the research ing online. In short, these unsavory methods includeenterprise have undergone great change in the 102 years self-citation to increase the appearance of impact, andsince the founding of Journal - American Water Works subsequent over-citation to obscure the previous actAssociation. A major difference is the adaptation of (Bartneck & Kokkelmans 2011). Reviewers also may64 RESEARCHER TO RESEARCHER | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

pressure authors to cite them through the troublesome •  Are any oxidative pathways and technologiespower dynamics of peer review to increase their own effective for perfluorooactanoic acid?h-index. Ultimately, the value and meaning of any par-ticular citation is becoming much less clear. •  By what mechanisms are unregulated DBPs formed? Journals themselves face similar incentives to increasecitations, as they are highly driven to increase their impact •  How exactly does the addition of phosphate pro-factor (which is based on two elements: the numerator, duce lead–phosphate scales in pipes?which is the number of cites in the current year to anyitems published in the journal in the previous two years, There is an equivalent imperative to not undervalueand the denominator, the number of source items pub- applied research. Clearly, the manganese research onlished in the same two years). Increasing the impact factorcan enable an increase in the price per page charged to Competition for research dollarslibraries and readers. Evidence of change includes the ex-plosion in supplementary information (which may not be has become intense, with fundingreviewed [Pop & Salzberg 2015]) and an increase in reviewarticles, which typically receive more citations. Journals rates at some environmentalmay also place an emphasis on fundamental research ormechanistic examinations. For many in the water field, this engineering–focusedcan be problematic because being an engineer, regulator, oroperator is to more often deal in the application of scien- organizations below 15%.tific principles, and not the principles themselves. the Connecticut water system was impactful. SimilarAPPLYING WATER RESEARCH work must be supported both with funding and publi- The water industry faces myriad challenges and is in cation pathways and should also be valued for its key role in moving ideas into practice. Without this work,need of technical solutions. In this way, the Connecticut great ideas may stagnate in the innovation gap, wherewater utility story is not unique, and it could be representa- economic and risk considerations provide an impasse totive of communities across the United States. Utilities and full-scale adaptation (Estrin 2008).practitioners must have access to robust technical expertiseand research to solve contemporary problems. Journal AWWA is a unique option for publishing research that addresses water problems. Unlike many There have been a host of well-documented water cri- other publications in the water space, a large portionses that have impacted the industry, occurring in places of Journal AWWA readers are professionally taskedsuch as Flint, Mich., and Toledo, Ohio (ironically, two with producing water. This audience is keenly fo-of the most water rich cities on earth). Globally, roughly cused on finding potential solutions with a sense ofone billion people lack access to drinking water of ac- urgency. Regulators, equipment manufacturers, andceptable quality (Bain et al. 2014). The United States fac- consulting engineers provide an even broader audi-es threadbare water infrastructure and decreasing con- ence that touches every part of the water industry.sumer confidence in drinking water quality. Today these This large and diverse readership is made possibleissues, both domestic and international, are infrequently through open-access articles, allowing practitioners,caused exclusively by a lack of fundamental scientific operators, and consultants to take advantage of theunderstanding, but also by a failure to appropriately knowledge gained and decreasing the informationapply scientific principles. More “applied” work may not inequality felt by some smaller institutions and un-be as highly valued in certain high impact journals. As a derserved organizations.result, it is not viewed as favorably in tenure cases, andjournals that publish applied work may be an outlet of KNOWLEDGE DISSEMINATIONlast resort for young faculty members who are trying to The US higher education system and researchdemonstrate their funding and tenure worthiness. enterprise remains enviable. The freedom to pursue This is not to suggest that fundamental research is diverse lines of research and publish across a spectrumovervalued. To be clear, pursuing increased understand- of journals is one of its most important features. Eaching of scientific phenomena is an imperative of the researcher and each journal, irrespective of a quantita-research enterprise. In its absence, we face the unaccept- tive parameter, can play a unique and important roleable risk of stagnant innovation and intellectual atrophy. in the dissemination of knowledge. It is by this systemWithout prior fundamental work on manganese oxides that many researchers are empowered to pursueand their catalytic role in water treatment, there may not answers to civilization’s most pressing questions. It isyet be an appropriate solution for a water system strug- incumbent upon the research enterprise to ensure agling with manganese issues. There remain significant un- synergistic balance of complementary work. A por-answered fundamental questions in the water industry: tion of researcher efforts must pursue applied research with alacrity and publicize results through accessibleRESEARCHER TO RESEARCHER | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA 65

channels. Likewise, other research efforts must engage REFERENCESin fundamental work, attempting to increase ourscientific understanding of natural and engineered en- Bain, R.; Cronk, R.; Hossain, R.; Bonjour, S.; Onda, K.; Wright, J.; Yang, H.;vironmental systems. In our water research endeavors, Slaymaker, T.; Hunter, P.; Prüss-Ustün, A.; & Bartram, J., 2014.it is important to remember that the impact of sustain- Global Assessment of Exposure to Faecal Contamination Throughable and resilient water systems on a society are more Drinking Water Based on a Systematic Review. Tropical Medicineimportant than the impact factor of any particular & International Health, 19:8:917.publication or person. Bartneck, C. & Kokkelmans, S., 2011. Detecting h-index Manipulation —Joseph E. Goodwill is an assistant professor at Through Self-Citation Analysis. Scientometrics, 87:1:85. https://doi. Saint Francis University, 117 Evergreen Dr., Loretto, org/10.1007/s11192-010-0306-5. PA 15940‐9704 USA; [email protected]. Goodwill Edwards, M.A. & Roy, S., 2016. Academic Research in the 21st Century: combines applied and fundamental research with Maintaining Scientific Integrity in a Climate of Perverse Incentivesteaching and service to support resilient water systems. and Hypercompetition. Environmental Engineering Science, ePub ahead of print, Sept. 22. https://doi.org/10.1089/ees.2016.0223. He has 10 years of experience conducting research in private industry with Black & Veatch, as well as Estrin, J., 2008. Closing the Innovation Gap. McGraw-Hill Education, in academia with the University of Massachusetts, New York. Amherst. Goodwill is a registered professional NSF (National Science Foundation), 2015a. Doctorate Recipients fromengineer, and he received his BS degree from Lafayette U.S. Universities—Survey of Earned Doctorates. NSF, Arlington, College in Easton, Pa., and MS and PhD degrees from Va. www.nsf.gov/statistics/2016/nsf16300/digest/ (accessed Dec. 16, 2016). the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. In 2014, he was awarded the AWWA Larson Aquatic Research NSF, 2015b. Report to the National Science Board on the National Science Foundation’s Merit Review Process Fiscal Year 2014. NSF, Support PhD scholarship. Arlington, Va. www.nsf.gov/nsb/publications/2015/nsb201514.pdf (accessed Dec. 29, 2016). https://dx.doi.org/10.5942/jawwa.2017.109.0038 Pop, M. & Salzberg, S.L., 2015. Use and Mis-use of Supplementary Material in Science Publications. BMC Bioinformatics, 16:1:237. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-015-0668-z.Carlsbad-The largestdesalinationplant inthe USA TecBhMonVeooimtslhiotb5gur0yas82na0et17Partnerships that deliver OVERleading edge RO solutions66 RESEARCHER TO RESEARCHER | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

Eco Logic FROM THE NATURE CONSERVANCY BRIAN RICHTER Richter Investing in a Water-Secure FutureU rban water planners in water-scarce regions face a constant challenge to secure sufficient Additionally, poorer families in many cities are feeling water supplies to stay a step ahead of the the pinch of rising water prices, and water rates in growing water demands nipping at their many cities have risen above the targeted “water afford- ability ratio” for household budgets. In the Unitedheels. But looking ahead, the options for bolstering States, that ratio is set at 2–2.5%, but water prices inwater supplies—which have been so important to urban some cities have risen above that level in recent years.water management until now—are waning in many Household water costs account for 5% of medianwater-stressed areas. Efforts to balance water budgets household income in Seattle and 7% in Atlanta, forwill need to rely much more heavily on demand man- example, suggesting that many families may be experi-agement in coming decades. encing difficulties in paying for these services (PacificThat’s one of the key conclusions of a new Water Share Institute n.d., Walton 2015). Not surprisingly, waterreport from The Nature Conservancy (Richter 2016). The utilities typically face harsh resistance to any proposedreport points out the fact that renewable water supplies increases in water rates, potentially causing them to shyhave been fully allocated or overallocated in one-third of away from expensive water-supply options.all rivers, lakes, and aquifers globally, leading to wide- The Water Share report asserts that we must quicklyspread and damaging water shortages. In the past century, become a water-saving society, naming a variety ofas cities have reached the limits of their local water sup- ways to lower water consumption both in cities and onplies, they have typically been able to import additional farms to alleviate water stress. Opportunities for lower-water from distant basins; more than 40% of the water ing agricultural water consumption, and subsequentlysupplied to the world’s 100 largest cities comes from transferring water savings to other users or dedicating itwater imports, for example (The Nature Conservancy to environmental restoration, are highlighted in the2014). However, as water demands have increased in report through four case studies:many regions, communities in those areas have become • The San Diego County Water Authority in Californiawary of allowing other communities to claim their water (United States) negotiated an agreement with asupplies, especially communities facing decreased water large irrigation district that pays farmers to reduceavailability as a result of climate changes. their consumptive water use. The water saved is ECO LOGIC | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA 67

transferred to the metropolitan area, providing • Improving water’s productivity and allocation more than a third of its water supply each year. efficiency. By discouraging wasteful or low-value • Austin Water in Texas (United States) purchases up uses of water, the trading of water facilitates’ real- to 40% of its water each year from a river author- location of water rights leads to more productive ity that has been bolstering the volume and reli- uses, commonly resulting in more revenue genera- ability of its water supplies through acquisition of tion in local economies. water rights from irrigation districts. • More than half of water deliveries by the San • Returning water to nature. Markets offer opportu- Antonio Water System in Texas (United States) nities for conservation interests and government have come from water rights purchased from agencies to restore water flows in depleted fresh- farmers or through water lease agreements with water and estuarine ecosystems by purchasing other water providers. water in the market and then dedicating its use to • Farmers in the Murray-Darling Basin of Australia environmental purposes. have prospered from an active water market in which more than 40% of water use comes from • Improving accounting for water use and availability. trades in annual water allocations. This water trad- When water is appropriately priced and water ing has provided a new revenue stream for farmers, assets are effectively traded, water users are more and has helped them better manage the impacts of willing to participate in transparent water measure- irrigation shortages during severe droughts. ment and reporting practices.THE PROMISE OF WATER MARKETS A ROLE FOR PRIVATE INVESTMENT? The Water Share report suggests that the number and While much of the policy reform needed to unleash thevolume of such water exchanges could be increased economic and environmental benefits of water marketsexponentially—to the benefit of farmers, cities, and the will need to come from political leadership in the publicenvironment—if high-functioning water markets could sector, The Nature Conservancy asserts that the privatebe established in water stressed regions. Specific imped- sector—including nongovernmental organizations andiments to water trading—such as long regulatory private investors—can play a catalytic role in creatingreviews of proposed trades that create uncertainty financial incentives to drive water conservation and shar-among the traders, and a lack of transparency in ing in order to improve water security. There is a signifi-documenting and publicizing water exchanges— cant unmet funding demand for conservation programsare highlighted in the report, along with sug-gested corrections. to preserve or restore ecosystems, and a significant shortfall will remain even if current governmental If regulatory and administrative reforms and philanthropic funding is doubled. Instead,could improve the functionality of water private investment will be needed to make up themarkets, six outcomes could be of particular shortfall, at a level that is 20–30% greater thanbenefit to water-stressed communities and the is being privately invested in conservation-environment: related activities today. At the same time, the appetite for conservation • Stimulating water savings. By establishing a mone- tary value for water, water markets can provide impact investments outpaces the development of strong stimulus for reducing consumptive use investable deals. To seize this opportunity to deploy because a water-saving entity or individual can be investment capital in order to improve water security rewarded financially by selling or leasing the por- requires a variety of investment strategies to enable the tion of water rights not being used. When water is reallocation of water to the environment and to entities appropriately priced, it discourages waste. seeking more water supply, such as cities. • Increasing water availability. By accessing addi- A PRIVATE INITIATIVE TO ADVANCE WATER SECURITY tional water through a market, a community or The Nature Conservancy is promoting a new concept government can avoid expensive, time-consuming, and environmentally damaging alternatives for called water sharing investment partnerships (WSIPs), increasing its water supplies. based on the strategic trading of water rights within select river and lake basins and aquifer systems. The • Improving community flexibility. By enabling the over-arching purpose of a WSIP is to acquire a portfolio transfer of water between users, individuals and of water rights that can be subsequently reallocated to communities can adapt more quickly to changing the environment, lease water to users needing more, conditions and personal preferences and needs. and generate financial returns to investors (Figure 1). This includes providing farmers with new revenue- generating opportunities and options for averting The operations of a WSIP can be supported irrigation shortages during droughts. with funding from impact investors (i.e., those seeking to make social and environmental improvements68 ECO LOGIC | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA

while making a profit), philanthropic contributions, and can be custom tailored, depending on the environmental,government grants. A WSIP can use this funding to social, and economic needs of a given basin.acquire water rights in two primary ways: (1) outrightpurchases of water rights from willing sellers in a water Because of the need to generate returns for investors,market or (2) by collaborating with irrigation farmers to a WSIP has the benefit of making water available forimplement water-saving measures that enable farmers to other users through leases or sales of water rights heldtransfer some portion of their unneeded water rights to by the WSIP. Water can be leased to other farmers, or tothe WSIP. The second strategy enables farmers to “grow cities or industries in need of additional supply, therebywater” in addition to growing crops. The WSIP can then averting the need to access water in costlier or environ-reallocate the acquired water rights to depleted freshwater mentally damaging ways, such as through building newecosystems and other water users seeking greater supplies. reservoirs or water importation pipelines. A WSIP could generate returns for investors through In late 2015, The Nature Conservancy successfullyvarious means. Figure 2 illustrates one way to view the launched its first WSIP in Australia, including securinguse of water rights by a WSIP, in which some portion of investor funding of US$20 million (a second phase ofthe total portfolio of the acquired water rights is used to the investor fund will open soon, increasing the fundingmeet environmental and social outcomes, and another to US$80 million). Early ecological and financial out-portion is used to generate returns for investors. In some comes are already illustrating the potential benefits ofinstances, the WSIP may also generate returns for inves- this approach.tors from improved agricultural revenue generation. Thedistribution strategy for the water rights held by a WSIP The Nature Conservancy is now assessing the feasibility of implementing similar WSIPs or other investor-funded solutions in other basins and countries,FIGURE 1 The ow of water and money in a water sharing investment partnership Investors Capital Capital + returns (from lease revenue and water rights appreciation)Government and philanthropy Grant support Investment Fund Capital Capital + returns (from lease revenue and water rights appreciation) Leased water rights Water users Lease payments Water Sharing Unleased water rights Water for the(agriculture, urban, etc.) Investment deployed to environment environment Partnership Water rights Capital Water rights from from purchase water savings Irrigation Permanent water rights improvementsFIGURE 2 Use of water rights Investment Fund Used to purchase water rights Benefits Pool Water Rights Portfolio Working PoolWater rights used for environmental Water rights used to generate and social benefits returns to investorsOnce the water sharing investment partnership has acquired a portfolio of water rights, it uses some portion of those rights each year to generatereturns for its investors, leaving the remainder of the water rights to be used for environmental and social benefits, such as leaving the waterinstream to improve fisheries. ECO LOGIC | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA 69

including Latin America and the western United in photojournalism/biology from San Diego StateStates. These early feasibility evaluations are confirm- University, San Diego, Calif., and an MSc degree ining that while the majority of regions do not yet have watershed science from Colorado State University, Forta robust water market framework comparable to that Collins, Colo. He may be contacted at The Natureof Australia, WSIPs are feasible in many basins, with Conservancy, 5834 St. George Ave., Crozet, VA 22932key enabling conditions. USA; [email protected]. Early indications suggest that water solutions are ofgreat interest to the investment community. If its funds https://dx.doi.org/10.5942/jawwa.2017.109.0028can be strategically and effectively directed towardprojects that encourage and reward water conservation REFERENCESand sharing, many communities and freshwater ecosys-tems could become beneficiaries of these investments. Pacific Institute, n.d. Water Rates: Water Affordability. http:// pacinst.org/app/uploads/2013/01/water-rates-affordability.pdf —Brian Richter is the chief scientist for the Global (accessed December 2016). Water Program of The Nature Conservancy, an Richter, B., 2016. Water Share: Using Water Markets and Impact international conservation organization, where he Investment to Drive Sustainability. The Nature Conservancy, promotes sustainable water use and management with Arlington, Va. governments, corporations, and local communities. He The Nature Conservancy, 2014. Urban Water Blueprint: Managing is also the president of Sustainable Waters, a global Conservation Solutions to the Global Water Challenge. The Nature water education organization. Richter has consulted on Conservancy, Arlington, Va. more than 120 water projects worldwide. He serves as a water advisor to corporations, investment banks, and Walton, B., 2015. Price of Water 2015: Up 6 Percent in 30 Major U.S. Cities, 41 Percent Rise Since 2010. Circle of Blue, Apr. 22. the United Nations, and has testified before the US Congress on multiple occasions. He also teaches a Journal AWWA welcomes course on water sustainability at the University of Virginia, Charlottesville. Richter received a BA degree comments and feedback at [email protected] beforefilterperformanceand delivering peace of mind We handle all your filter needs from a one-time media after cleaning to full filter house rehabilitation and maintenance. The goal is to restore your filter house to “like new” conditions and improve your return on your capital investments — all while lowering your related long-term operation and maintenance costs.Sustainable Maintenance Programswater wells | tanks | concrete water assets | filters |meters | distribution networksContact your local Water System Consultant855.526.4413 • [email protected] Service Co., Inc. • www.utilityservice.com70 ECO LOGIC | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA

Industry News Middle School Students Present Solutions for Global Water Problems After participating in the Global Water Challenge on Studies, University of Colorado Denver HealthDec. 10, 2016, 17 teams of students are now “experts” Administration Student Organization, and theon water issues facing developing countries around Colorado Health Administration Alumni Association.the world. Denver-based Colorado Academy hostedthe annual event, through which students expand their For the first time in the history of the competition,knowledge of global and community health issues and there was a tie between two teams for first place. Theregain a better understanding of the international dimen- were five top teams:sion of a science-related issue. •  Tie for first place: Team Nepal and Team The Global Water Challenge gives Colorado MyanmarAcademy’s middle school students the opportunity toresearch and study water issues locally and globally. •  Third place: Team GhanaStudent teams research their selected water issues, •  Fourth place: Team Bangladeshcollaborate, and problem‐solve, using teacher‐led •  Fifth place: Team Haiticlass time to explore their topics in greater depth. Said Colorado Academy head of school MikeThey develop their design and critical thinking skills Davis, “The Global Water Challenge offers the kindin creating prototypes to address water access, treat- of real-world, hands-on learning that students mustment, and distribution challenges. The students then experience in order to be the creative problem solversprepare water-themed skits in preparation for the of the future.”competition. The Global Water Challenge was started in 2004 and is an original project of Global Health Sue Counterman, a teacher at Colorado Academy, Connections (GHC). GHC is an educational outreachsaid, “The Global Water Challenge is a way to intro- 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization dedicated to bringingduce middle school students to the issues of water people together to solve global health issues.scarcity, water contamination, and water security andempower them to contribute to the most significant Colorado Academy Middle School students from the top five teamshealth issue of our time. They understand . . . the ways in the 2016 Global Water Challenge with teachers Sue Countermanthat the whole community would benefit with a safe (back row) and Erin Galvin (far right). Photo courtesy of Molly Brown,sustainable source of water in their homes.” education coordinator of Global Health Connections. Countries studied for the 2016 competition wereKenya, India, Nepal, Vietnam, Rwanda,Myanmar, Ethiopia, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Haiti,Sierra Leone, Bangladesh, and Ghana. Final skits werepresented to a team of 36 judges who were waterengineers, nonprofit professionals, former students,and other experts who have been involved with avariety of environmental health issues; the judgesoffered feedback and insights to the student teams.Each skit lasted approximately 10 minutes. Previousjudging panels have included representatives fromDenver Rotary, St. Joseph Hospital, Denver Health,Anschutz Medical Campus, Engineers WithoutBorders, Water for People, Denver Water, iTriage,CH2M, University of Denver School of InternationalInformation in Industry News may describe products offered by companies in the water industry. AWWA does not endorse these products, nor is it responsible for any claims madeby the companies concerned. Unless noted otherwise, information is compiled from press releases submitted to Journal AWWA. INDUSTRY NEWS | 109:2  •  FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA 71

Department of Interior Finalizes Plan to Manage Glen Canyon Dam Near the end of 2016, a framework was finalized the Colorado River in Glen Canyon National Recreationby the Department of the Interior (DOI) to adaptively Area and Grand Canyon National Park.manage the Glen Canyon Dam over the next 20 years,with the goal of creating certainty and predictability for The LTEMP will not affect the amount of waterwater and power users while protecting environmental available annually for communities and agricultureand cultural resources in Grand Canyon National Park based on the annual water flow between Lake Powelland the Colorado River ecosystem. and Lake Mead. Colorado River Basin water alloca- tions are unchanged by the LTEMP record of decision. To develop the Long-Term Experimental and Those allocations and annual deliveries will continueManagement Plan (LTEMP) for Glen Canyon, the DOI consistent with the Colorado River Compact and otherconducted a comprehensive environmental impact study existing statutes, treaties, regulations, and agreementsinvolving the Bureau of Reclamation and the National governing Colorado River water allocation, appropria-Park Service, along with 15 cooperating agencies, the tion, development, and export.Navajo Nation, and all seven Colorado River Basin states.The DOI carefully weighed economic, technical, social, and The Department of the Interior worked with other agenciesenvironmental considerations among seven possible alter- and groups to develop a plan to adaptively manage the Glennatives evaluated by the final environmental impact study. Canyon Dam. The final plan includes a number of importantimprovements to enable successful dam operations incompliance with the Grand Canyon Protection Act andother federal statutes and regulations. The plan pro-vides more even monthly volume releases and continuesprotocols for the high-flow experiments. These experi-mental releases are designed to restore sand features andassociated backwater habitats to provide key fish andwildlife habitat, potentially reduce erosion of archaeo-logical sites, restore and enhance riparian vegetation,increase beaches, and enhance wilderness values alongWIIN Act Signed Into Law; Provisions of Savings Act Included President Obama recently signed the Water delivery systems, including wells and well systems. TheInfrastructure Improvements for the Nation (WIIN) information will be shared with the public and organiza-Act into law, which includes provisions of the Water tions seeking federal funding for drinking water deliverySupply Cost Savings Act championed by the Water systems serving 500 or fewer people.Systems Council (WSC) and other water well industrygroups over the past three years. The WSC is a non- Water system assessment. In grant or loan applica-profit organization that focuses solely on household tions for construction, replacement, or rehabilitation ofwells and small water well systems. a drinking water delivery system serving 500 or fewer people, applicants must self-certify that they have con- Originally introduced in the 113th Congress on Sept. sidered, as an alternative drinking water supply, drink-18, 2014, the Savings Act was incorporated into the ing water delivery systems sourced by publicly ownedWIIN Act legislation in 2016. For two years, the WSC individual, shared, and community wells.and its members worked to build bipartisan support inboth the House of Representatives and the US Senate. Report to Congress. Congress will receive a report thatThe Savings Act provisions in Section 2108 of the WIIN describes the use of innovative and alternative drink-Act are summarized here: ing water delivery systems, the range of cost savings for communities using innovative and alternative drinking Drinking water technology clearinghouse. A technology water delivery systems, and the use of drinking waterclearinghouse will be developed to compile information technical assistance programs operated by the adminis-on the cost-effectiveness of alternative drinking water trator and the secretary of agriculture.72 INDUSTRY NEWS | 109:2  •  FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

USEPA Study Says Fracking May Be Contaminating Groundwater The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) information available to the agency. USEPA said its newreports that activities in the hydraulic fracturing report advances the science. The understanding of the(or “fracking”) water cycle “can impact—and have potential impacts from hydraulic fracturing on drinkingimpacted—drinking water resources.” The USEPA study, water resources will continue to improve over time asHydraulic Fracturing for Oil and Gas: Impacts From new information becomes available, according to USEPA.the Hydraulic Fracturing Water Cycle on DrinkingWater Resources in the United States, identifies cases of Thomas A. Burke, USEPA’s science advisor andimpacts on drinking water at each stage in the hydrau- deputy assistant administrator of the agency’s Officelic fracturing water cycle. Impacts cited in the report of Research and Development, described the report asgenerally occurred near hydraulically fractured oil and the “most complete compilation to date of nationalgas production wells and ranged in severity, from tem- scientific data on the relationship of drinking waterporary changes in water quality to contamination that resources and hydraulic fracturing.made private drinking water wells unusable. “The value of high quality science has never been USEPA’s final assessment benefited from extensive more important in helping to guide decisions aroundstakeholder engagement with states, tribes, industry, our nation’s fragile water resources,” Burke added.nongovernmental organizations, the scientific com- “EPA’s assessment provides the scientific foundation formunity, and the public. This broad engagement helped local decision makers, industry, and communities thatensure that the final assessment report reflects current are looking to protect public health and drinking waterpractices in hydraulic fracturing and uses all data and resources and make more informed decisions about hydraulic fracturing activities.”BUSINESS BRIEFS of its water and wastewater critical information. The team found that assets. The software fully automates combining local, pasture-scale Xylem’s new wastewater pumping all aspects of maintenance opera- observations with conventionalsystem with integrated intelligence, tions, including equipment history, science-based observations canFlygt Concertor, has been awarded scheduling, preventive maintenance, help tribal leaders and resourcethree international innovation work orders, and reporting. It also managers more precisely deter-awards at events in Denmark, Italy, gives asset-intensive organizations a mine the need to close rangelands,and Spain. The system, which was complete picture of their assets’ haul water, or take other neces-launched in May 2016, was condition and health as well as sary actions. The drought moni-awarded the Most Innovative and refined details about how these toring system is designed to feedGround Breaking Product award at assets are related. the local observations back intothe VandTek Fair in Denmark, the the community to improve localBest Product award at the In other Innovyze news, decisions amid evolving condi-Accadueo International Exhibition Lakewood Water District of tions and impacts.in Italy, and the Best Product award Washington has chosen InfoWaterat the iWater International to support its large-scale, enterprise- Council members of the City ofIntegrated Water Cycle Show in wide geospatial water distribution Gallup, N.M., approved an eight-Spain. Flygt Concertor is a smart, network modeling and manage- year contract with CH2M to takeinterconnected wastewater pump- ment needs. over operations and maintenance ofing system that senses the operating the city’s 5-mgd wastewater treat-conditions of its environment, The Hopi Tribe and University of ment plant. In addition to opera-adapts its performance in real time, Arizona researchers have developed tions management services, CH2Mand provides feedback to pumping a system to more accurately moni- will design and construct anstation operators. tor and plan for drought across upgrade to the current facility. the 2,500-mi2 Hopi Reservation, a Upgrades will help the community The Dublin San Ramon Services vast desert landscape that lacks with odor control issues and boostDistrict in California has chosen long-term weather stations and, efficiency of biosolids disposal.InfoMaster Suite software from consequently, reliable climateInnovyze to optimize the management INDUSTRY NEWS | 109:2  •  FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA 73

In other company news, CH2M H2O Innovation Inc. has been area and enhance the fish habitat.will help the US Agency for awarded three contracts—two All precast components wereInternational Development wastewater projects using mem- designed and manufactured by(USAID) with infrastructure con- brane bioreactor (MBR) technol- Oldcastle Precast–Idaho Falls.struction and engineering knowl- ogy, and a drinking water project.edge management support under its The first two contracts consist of The Anchorage Water &Global Architect-Engineer Services wastewater treatment systems Wastewater Utility (AWWU;contract. USAID’s construction using the MBR technology. The Anchorage, Alaska) has wonportfolio includes water, environ- first contract was awarded by the Engineering News-Record’s Northmental, transportation, energy, City of Decatur, Ark. The second West Region’s Best Projects Awardcommunication, and vertical struc- MBR project will treat wastewater and Safety Award in the Water/ture projects. from the municipality of Rivière- Environment category. The two Beaudette, Que., Canada. The third awards were given to the AWWU’s Evac Group has acquired Uson project is for a water treatment Asplund Wastewater TreatmentMarine. The acquisition is expected system using reverse osmosis for Facility Disinfection Upgradeto increase Evac’s market share in Cinco Municipal Utility District Project. Electrolytic Technologies,dry and wet waste management No. 1 in Fort Bend County, Tex. together with other design andsystems and strengthen its position construction team members,with regard to small and medium- In other company news, H2O attended the award ceremony assized marine and offshore vessels. Innovation’s operation and mainte- the representative of the onsite dis-After this acquisition, Evac nance subsidiary, Utility Partners, infection system equipment sup-Group’s turnover will be over 110 recently received an accreditation plier to AWWU. ElectrolyticMEUR (million euros). Uson from the American Public Works Technologies worked with theMarine provides dry and wet Association along with the City of AWWU’s design team to furnishwaste management systems, Gulfport, Miss., Public Works and the gas split system that sends partincluding food waste systems, for Engineering Departments. Perfor­ of the generated gas directly to themaritime and offshore industry mance criteria such as the quality point of application and thecustomers. The company was of work and performance, res­ ponse remainder to the hypochlorite con-established in 1983 and its sales time, and customer satisfaction version skid.turnover was 6.6 MEUR in 2015. were assessed.Uson Marine has offices in Itron Inc. has been ranked theStockholm, Sweden, and Oslo, Oldcastle Precast, working with leader in the Navigant ResearchNorway, as well as representatives the Hanover Township Public Leaderboard Report for utility fieldin 21 countries on five continents. Works Department, used special area networking (FAN). Itron reinforced concrete pipes to create a received high marks in the report Arcadis has been selected by the new stormwater structure in the for its vision and product portfolio,City of Flint, Mich., to prepare a Hanover Township Community including its OpenWay Riva IoTwater distribution system optimiza- Park in Bethlehem, Pa. With solution, which delivers distributedtion plan under a contract worth increased stormwater runoff intelligence, advanced FAN com-approximately $800,000. The plan through the park and more devel- munications, and broad deviceis intended to guide improvements opment near the Allentown Airport, interoperability over a standards-for the distributed water quality, which the community park adjoins, based network. The report exam-sustainability, and long-term opera- the Public Works Department knew ines the strategy and execution oftion of the city’s aging water sys- infrastructure changes were neces- 10 leading utility FAN providers.tem. By enlisting corrosion control sary. Oldcastle Precast provided Vendors are profiled, rated, andand distribution system optimiza- engineering design support and ranked with the goal of providingtion experts from the Arcadis team, manufactured the pipe and end sec- an objective assessment of their rel-the city intends to increase the reli- tions at its facilities in Croydon, ative strengths and weaknesses inability of its water system and Pa., and Folsom, N.J. the global utility FAN market.improve the safety of its publicwater supply for Flint residents. In other company news, Savannah River RemediationArcadis will be responsible for iden- Oldcastle Precast–Idaho Falls sup- LLC (Aiken, S.C.) selectedtifying short- and long-term opera- plied multiple precast concrete NewTechBio’s biological digester—tional strategies, standard operating bridge elements to the Bonneville microbial-based beneficial bacteria—procedures, rehabilitation needs, County Road Department for a along with a cover manufacturedand capital improvements. new bridge at Jensen Creek in by AWTT Inc. to ensure regulatory Bonneville County, Idaho. The new bridge will improve travel in that74 INDUSTRY NEWS | 109:2  •  FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

contractual compliance. The Association of Water Technologies 2016. Genesis Water Technologies’Savannah River retention basin, in honor of its record of outstand- sustainable industrial water treat-site 281-8H, has experienced a ing customer service, quality of ment solutions provide reducedsteady history of elevated pH levels product, and contributions to the cost and increased operational effi-(above 8.5), especially during the water industry. ciency, which reduces the waterwarmer months of the year. Upon footprint and government compli-successful algae control and reme- The Buffalo Sewer Authority ance costs for industrial clients indiation, test results concluded that (Buffalo, N.Y.) has completed an the energy, food and beverage, tex-the combined sustainable technolo- extensive energy efficiency survey tile, pharmaceutical, and manufac-gies resulted in control of algae and resulting equipment upgrades turing sectors.growth and a significant drop in at its Bird Island wastewater treat-pH below the limit required by the ment facility that will reduce The international arm of ScottishNational Pollutant Discharge operating costs and the plant’s Water is celebrating its fifth anni-Elimination System. environmental footprint. versary. Established in 2012 to sup- Advanced lighting and lighting port the Scottish government’s The Water and Wastewater controls have been installed strategy to become a HydroEquipment Manufacturers throughout the facility and have Nation, Scottish WaterAssociation (WWEMA) has earned efficiency incentives of International (SWI) draws on thereleased a transition paper articu- more than $400,000 through experience of employees who havelating its position and priorities for National Grid’s Energy Efficiency transformed Scotland’s water ser-the Trump administration: Building program. The survey was done in vices. SWI offers advice and exper-a Strong Manufacturing Base for conjunction with the architectural tise to utilities, governments, andEconomic Growth and Public and engineering firm Wendel. international clients, supportingHealth and Environmental National Grid assisted financially them in their challenges to becomeProtection. In the paper, WWEMA with the installation of the light- more efficient and deliver good cus-identifies six priority areas with ing systems. The budget for the tomer service.recommendations. These areas total project was just over $1 mil-cover sustainable infrastructure lion. When the $403,000 incentive In addition, Scottish Waterfinancing mechanisms, fair trade is factored into the yearly bill sav- reported that Scotland’s waterand elimination of trade barriers, ings, the project will pay for itself industry is the most trusted sectoruse of values-based procurement in about three years. among consumers, according to apractices, development of scientifi- new report from Which?. Thecally based enforceable regulations, Meidensha Corp. announced that water sector is given a 68% trustfunding for technology innovation, its ceramic flat-sheet membrane rating—ahead of the food and gro-and investment in the workforce of has been accepted by Siemens cery sector and technology appli-the future. Water Solutions for use in Siemens’ ances, rated at 62%. The findings new PACT® membrane bioreactor have been published in the latest WaterStep, a nonprofit organiza- (MBR) used for wastewater treat- consumer insight report fromtion that provides safe water and ment in the oil refinery and petro- Which? based on an online surveyhealth education to communities chemical industries, as well as in of adults living in Scotland.around the world, won an award other challenging wastewaterfrom Environmental Protection (an treatment environments. After American Water has raised approxi-online information resource) for its extensive testing, Siemens mately $460,000 company-wide fornew portable bleach maker. Most approved Meidensha’s ceramic local United Way organizationsrecently, the bleach makers were flat-sheet membrane for use in its across the United States. Americanused in Haitian medical clinics and MBR system because of the mem- Water’s support of United Way ishospitals to treat displaced refugees brane’s highly durable, abrasion- part of its customer commitmentfollowing Hurricane Matthew. The resistant, and long-service-life that aims to create a lasting, posi-bleach maker is a handheld device characteristics, compared with tive impact on the communitiesthat can generate disinfection on conventional polymeric mem- the company serves. United Way’sdemand. With water, salt, and a branes typically used in MBRs. focus is on the health, education,12-V car battery, it uses electrolysis and financial stability of every per-to create sodium hypochlorite. Genesis Water Technologies Inc. son in every community. was chosen as a recipient of the QualiChem has been recognized Water & Waste Digest’s Top Phoenix Contact and Flowserveas Supplier of the Year by the Industrial Water Project award for have joined Endress+Hauser’s Open Integration program, which aims to INDUSTRY NEWS | 109:2  •  FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA 75

mitigate risks in the commission- management solution, the Region Software and Smart Earthing of customer plants by ensuring of Peel, Ont., Canada, optimized Technologies.that operators can easily integrate the timing of its system upgradetheir devices and components into with new membranes to ensure Turner & Townsend has won theautomated systems. The program continued drinking water safety lead cost management contract topartners verify the functionality of and reliability for its residents. A support Dwˆ r Cymru Welsh Water’sspecific system architectures in a membrane refurbishment program (DCWW’s) investment plans dur-laboratory environment. The will save money for the Lakeview ing AMP6 (the UK water industry’sselected components then are Water Treatment Plant and mini- sixth Asset Management Planinstalled in a control cabinet, and mize environmental impact. Water period). The independent consul-the resulting system is commis- & Process Technologies and the tancy will be responsible for thesioned and tested. All steps are Region of Peel determined the provision of commercial and proj-thoroughly documented; any issues optimal replacement timing for ect management services forcan be quickly solved by the part- membranes in each section of the AMP6, in which DCWW willners involved. After a successful plant using GE’s asset performance invest £1.7 billion to reduce opera-test, the reference topology is pub- management platform. tional costs and improve customerlished as a joint recommendation, service, environmental perfor-giving a customer clear and vali- In other company news, to fur- mance, efficiency, and essentialdated suggestions for automating ther the creation of digital solu- infrastructure. The consultancyits plant. Four reference topologies tions that address pressing issues will use best practices identifiedhave been published so far, with in water distribution and manage- through its experience and exper-several others in the pipeline. ment, GE’s Water & Process tise gained from working with Technologies has entered into other major UK water companies Using GE’s Water & Process cooperation agreements with two to support DCWW’s drive to meetTechnologies’ asset performance water analytics and water technol- its business plan. ogy providers: WaterSmart ANSI/AWWA B302-16 (Revision of ANSI/AWWA B302-10) ® AWWA StandardAmmonium Sulfate Effective date: Nov. 1, 2016. Be the first to know about … First edition approved by AWWA Board of Directors July 15, 1949. ■ New AWWA Standards This edition approved June 19, 2016. ■ Special discounts and bulk sales Approved by American National Standards Institute June 9, 2016. ■ Hot-off-the-press Handbooks and Manuals SM SIGN UP AT WWW.AWWA.ORG/STORE Copyright © 2016 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. Receive updateson new and revisedAWWA publications76 INDUSTRY NEWS | 109:2  •  FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

Media PulseRenewal of Potable Water Pipes: Topics include assessment inspec- of basic hydraulic structures; stor-Manuals and Reports on tion and evaluation, planning, pre- age spillways and energy dissipa-Engineering Practice No. 132 construction, construction and tion for flood control; optimiza-Mohammad Najafi and Mario cleaning, pipeline-lining methods, tion techniques for waterPerez, editors post-lining, and closeout. The management projects; and meth- authors cover the following cur- ods for uncertainty analysis. ASCE’s publication, Renewal of rent pipe renewal methods: cured- in-place pipe; spray-in-place with This book is written forPotable Water Pipes: Manuals and cement mortar lining or with poly- advanced undergraduate and grad- mer lining; sliplining; close-fit uate students and for practitioners.Reports on Engineering Practice pipe; and fiber-reinforced polymer Hydrologists and water-relatedNo. 132, outlines methods for lining. The appendix includes a professionals will be helped withusing trenchless rehabilitation quick-reference chart comparing an unfamiliar term or a new sub-technology to improve the safety these trenchless renewal methods. ject area; be given a formula, theand performance of pipelines car- Engineers, water pipeline owners,rying drinking water. Pipeline consultants, technicians, and oper- procedure for solving a problem,renewal methods provide cost- ators contemplating a water pipe- or guidance on the computer pack-effective and environmentally line renewal project can benefit ages that are available; or shownfriendly solutions compared with from reading this guide. how to obtain values from a tabletraditional open cut replacement of data. For them it is a compen-and installation methods. This Available from the American dium of hydrological practicemanual of practice (MOP) outlines Society of Civil Engineers, www. rather than science, but sufficientappropriate renewal technologies asce.org; ISBN: 978-0-7844-1374-6 scientific background is providedin use today with a focus on (2016, soft cover, 96 pp., $80). to enable them to understand thedesign, method applicability, and hydrological processes in a giveninstallation, so that water utilities Hydrology and Water Resource problem and to appreciate the lim-can address the challenges of an Systems Analysis itations of the methods presentedaging infrastructure. Maria A. Mimikou, Evangelos A. for solving it. Baltas, and Vassilios A. Tsihrintzis MOP 132 provides a detailed Available from CRC Press,resource on planning, design, and Hydrology and Water Resource www.crcpress.com; ISBN 978-1-construction of trenchless technology. Systems Analysis includes a num- 46658-130-2 (2016, hard cover, ber of illustrations and tables, with 448 pp., $69.95). fully solved example problems integrated within the text. It describes a systematic treatment of various surface water estimation techniques and provides detailed treatment of theory and applica- tions of groundwater flow for both steady-state and unsteady-state conditions; time series analysis and hydrological simulation; flood- plain management; reservoir and streamflow routing; sedimentation and erosion hydraulics; urban hydrology; the hydrological designInformation in Media Pulse may describe products offered by companies in the water industry. AWWA does not endorsethese products, nor is it responsible for any claims made by the companies concerned. MEDIA PULSE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA 77

PeinotphleeNews Continued from page 12 transit business. Aitken’s career has spanned roles in engineering, vehicle manufacturing, Aitken and rehabilitation projects. He will work project management, project development, closely with technical staff and business sales, owner’s representative services, and development teams to deliver a water transit system operations and maintenance. market growth strategy, establish new He has a strong background in all elements clients, and develop and maintain existing of transit system delivery. client relationships. Smith has more than 30 years of experience on a variety of   OBITUARIES water, wastewater, and stormwater proj- ects across the southeast United States. Michael J. Birks, Moffat, Ont., Canada; Before joining WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff, Silver Water Drop Award 2016 he was program director of water man- agement services for a national engineer- Zachary Benjamin Collins, Monument, Colo. ing firm, responsible for technical support and quality control for water, sewer, and Roger M. Dann, life member, Wallingford, stormwater projects. Conn.; Life Member Award 2009 Ron Aitken, a transit professional with more Gary Draper, Whittier, Calif.; Life Member than 35 years of experience, has joined Mott Award 2005 MacDonald as vice-president of strategic transit development. Based in Mott Michael J. Kebles, Las Vegas, Nev.; Life MacDonald’s office in Vancouver, B.C., Aitken Member Award 2005 will assist in opening transit opportunities in the United States and Canada, drawing on Mark Kirkland, Birmingham, Ala. resources from Mott MacDonald’s globalQuestions about lead?AWWA can help. Visit our Lead Resource Community for reports, communications tips, articles and more at www.awwa.org/lead.Ideal crop marks And don’t forget to send your customers to www.DrinkTap.org for consumer info!78 PEOPLE IN THE NEWS | 109:2  •  FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

AWSWecAtion Meetings AWWA Section 2017 Meetings Section ContactAlabama–Mississippi* Oct. 15–17, Point Clear, Ala. James D. Miller, (256) 310-3646 Angie Monteleone, (907) 561-9777Alaska* Apr. 24–28, Anchorage, Alaska Debbie Muse, (480) 987-4888 Clara Shea, (902) 434-6002Arizona* May 3–5, Phoenix, Ariz. Carlie Hucul, (604) 433-4389 Tim Worley, (909) 291-2102Atlantic Canada* Oct. 14–18, Charlottetown, P.E.I. Rachel Ellis, (443) 924-1032 Romana Longo, (860) 604-8996British Columbia* May 27–30, Victoria, B.C. Peggy Guingona, (407) 957-8448 Eric Osborne, (678) 583-3904California–Nevada* Oct. 23–26, Reno, Nev. Audrey Yokota, (808) 220-3503 Laurie Daugherty, (866) 521-3595Chesapeake* Aug. 29–Sept. 1, Ocean City, Md. Dawn Keyler, (317) 331-8032 Alane Boyd, (801) 580-9692Connecticut May 24–26, Newport, R.I. David Scott, (515) 283-2169 Hank Corcoran Boyer, (785) 826-9163Florida* Nov. 26–30, Championsgate, Fla. Kay Sanborn, (502) 550-2992 Elizabeth Cerda Andrade, 52(812) 033-6990Georgia* July 16–19, Savannah, Ga. Bonnifer Ballard, (517) 292-2912 Mona Cavalcoli, (718) 728-8469Hawaii* Feb. 15–16, Honolulu, Hawaii Gailla Rogers, (816) 668-8561 Robin Matthews-Barnes, (406) 546-5496Illinois* Mar. 20–23, Springfield, Ill. Jim Shields, (402) 504-7457 Steve Ryan, (781) 799-7837Indiana* • Mona Cavalcoli, (718) 728-8469 Jenny Ingrao, (315) 455-2614 ext. 2Intermountain* Oct. 11–13, Sun Valley, Idaho Catrice Jones, (919) 784-9030 David Bruschwein, (701) 328-5259Iowa* Oct. 10–12, Council Bluffs, Iowa Laura Carter, (844) 766-2845  Michéle Grenier, (416) 231-1555Kansas* Aug. 29–31, Wichita, Kans. Kyle Kihs, (503) 760-6460 Don Hershey, (717) 774-8870Kentucky–Tennessee* July 9–12, Lexington, Ky. Odalis De La Vega, (787) 478-3716 Youness Elhariri, (514) 270-7110, ext. 329Mexico Ann Guiberson, (720) 404-0818 Heather Beard, (803) 358-0658Michigan* Sept. 12–15, Bellaire, Mich. Jodi Johanson, (605) 997-2098 Don Broussard, (337) 849-0613Minnesota* Sept. 13–15, Duluth, Minn. Mike Howe, (512) 238-9292 Geneva Hudgins, (434) 386-3190Missouri* Mar. 26–29, Osage Beach, Mo. Kathy Yates, (304) 552-7558 Audrey Arisman, (403) 709-0064Montana* Apr. 18–20, Great Falls, Mont. Jill Duchniak, (414) 423-7000Nebraska* Nov. 1–2, Kearney, Neb. New England (NEWWA)* Sept. 17–20, Brewster, Mass. New Jersey* Mar. 21–24, Atlantic City, N.J. New York* Apr. 24–28, Saratoga Springs, N.Y. North Carolina* Nov. 12–15, Raleigh, N.C. North Dakota* Oct. 17–19, Fargo, N.D. Ohio* Sept. 26–29, Toledo, Ohio Ontario* May 7–10, Niagara Falls, Ont. Pacific Northwest May 3–5, Kennewick, Wash. Pennsylvania* Apr. 25–27, Hershey, Pa. Puerto Rico* Quebec* Mar. 21–23, Montréal, Que. Rocky Mountain* Sept. 10–13, Loveland, Colo. South Carolina* Mar. 11–14, Myrtle Beach, S.C. South Dakota* Sept. 13–15, Huron, S.D. Southwest* Oct. 15–17, Oklahoma City, Okla. Texas* Apr. 10–13, Austin, Tex. Virginia* Sept. 11–14, Hampton, Va. West Virginia* May 21–24, Daniels, W. Va. Western Canada* Sept. 19–22, Saskatoon, Sask. Wisconsin* Sept. 20–22, Wisconsin Dells, Wisc. *Includes exhibit; for information, call the section contact (see far right column).• Indicates that the 2017 meeting has already occurred. AWWA SECTION MEETINGS  |  109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA 79

ProduScptotlight ADVERTISING SECTION CALCITE FOR WATER TREATMENT New from Huber Carbonates LLC, HuberPure™ calcium carbonate is mined from a world-class deposit of crushed and screened white calcite marble in Marble Hill, Georgia, and has numerous application possibilities. Our six HuberPure grades contain properties making them safe in pH adjustment, corrosion control, and remineralization of reverse osmosis systems. HuberPure products are listed under NSF®/ANSI® Standard 60 for Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals. For more information, call (866) 564-8237 or visit www.hubermaterials.com/purewater. CHLORINE AND CHEMICAL TANK SCALES Force Flow/Halogen. Maximize the safety of your chlorine disinfection system by using a ton container scale and an emergency valve shutoff system. The Chlor-Scale® ton container scale from Force Flow safely cradles a chlorine ton container while providing critical feed and chemical inventory information. The Halogen Eclipse® emergency valve shutoff system instantly closes the container valve when a signal is received from a leak detector, panic button, or from SCADA. For more information, call (925) 893-6723 or visit www.forceflow.com or www.halogenvalve.com. FUTURE AWWA EVENTSInformation about the following events is available from AWWA, 6666 W. Quincy Ave., Denver, CO 80235. Forinformation regarding event registration, housing, or exhibits, visit AWWA’s website at www.awwa.org, or call(800) 926-7337. For program information, contact [email protected] Water Management Annual Conference & Exposition Water Infrastructure Conference Water Quality TechnologyConference (ACE17) & Exposition Conference® & ExpositionMar. 19–22, 2017 June 11–14, 2017 Oct. 30–Nov. 2, 2017 Nov. 12–16, 2017New Orleans, La. Philadelphia, Pa. Houston, Tex. Portland, Ore.80 PRODUCT SPOTLIGHT | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA

Buyers’ Resource Guide Find a company or product quickly Visit the Buyers’ Resource Guide online at www.awwa.org/journalTotal Water Products Solutions® and Services To tal Water Solution es BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE &oducts Servic s® PrDedicated to the World’s Most Important Resource® Thank you for doing business with the advertisers and members of AWWA. BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA 81

Buyers’ Resource ADVERTISING SECTION GuideAnalytical Services and Testing Labs LEGIONELLA Special Pathogens Laboratory specializes in the detection, control, and remediation of Legionella and waterborne pathogens. Internationally renowned for clinical and environmental expertise in Legionnaires’ disease prevention, our integrated platform of evidence-based solutions for Total Legionella Control includes Legionella and waterborne pathogen testing, consulting and education, and ZEROutbreak® protection (ASHRAE 188 compliance). (877) 775-7284; www.SpecialPathogensLab.com.Associations DUCTILE IRON PIPE The Ductile Iron Pipe Research Association (DIPRA) provides accurate, reliable, and essential engineering information about iron pipe to water and wastewater professionals. Ductile iron pipe is the best answer to America’s water infrastructure needs, and DIPRA’s mission is to help others appreciate its advantages. Contact us at www.dipra.org. AWWA Service Provider MemberCertification ACCREDITED PRODUCT CERTIFICATION, ANALYSIS, AND TESTING Water Quality Association’s Product Certification is the recognized label for both Gold Seal and Sustainability Certification. Both programs are accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and Standards Council of Canada (SCC) to test and certify products for conformance with the NSF/ ANSI standards. Contact us at [email protected].  AWWA Service Provider Member ANALYTICAL SERVICES AND TESTING LABS NSF International. Many organizations offer certification to NSF Standards, but only NSF International can provide the respected blue NSF certification mark, identifying municipal water supply products that undergo annual retesting, ensuring continued compliance with strict chemical leaching requirements. Annual retesting helps maintain quality; unfortunately not all certifiers require it. NSF now offers a faster, easier certification process without compromising the value or accuracy of our tests. Choose NSF to certify your product. Contact us at [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider Member82 BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

Certi cation ANALYTICAL SERVICES, PRODUCT TESTING, AND CERTIFICATION Underwriters Laboratories Inc (UL). UL is your trusted partner for certification of products used in the water treatment and distribution system. UL is a fully accredited, third-party certification body that certifies a wide variety of products that are directly added to or come into contact with drinking water. For more information visit www.UL.com/water. 333 Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062 USA; (847) 664-3796; [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider MemberChemical Feed Equipment, Systems, and Handling CHLORINE AND CHEMICAL FEED SCALES Force Flow manufactures chemical monitoring and control systems for chlorine, hypo, fluoride, polymer, caustic, and all other chemicals used in water treatment. Weight-based (scales) and ultrasonic systems for monitoring cylinders, ton containers, day tanks, carboys, and bulk storage tanks. Safely and accurately monitor chemical usage, feed rate, and level. Automate day tank refilling with the Wizard ARC Controller, and add chemical feed flexibility with the new MERLIN Automatic Onsite Chemical Dilution System. Contact us for more information at (800) 893-6723 or by fax at (925) 686-6713, or visit www.forceflow.com. AWWA Service Provider Member INJECTION QUILLS SAF-T-FLO specializes in manufacturing chemical injection quills and sampling probes for chemical feed systems in the municipal, industrial, and commercial water treatment industries. Each quill is engineered to be configured for the exact application. SAFTFLO, 4091-E. La Palma Ave., Ste. U, Anaheim, CA 92807 USA; (800) 957-2383; www.saftflo.com. AWWA Service Provider Member PRECISION INSTRUMENTS AND DRY CHEMICAL FEEDERS Eagle Microsystems Inc. specializes in the engineering and design of dry chemical feed systems. The VF-100 Dry Chemical Feeder is a rugged direct- drive feeder that is available with a wide range of options and accessories to meet any project needs. Eagle Microsystems Inc. also designs and manufactures weighing products, analytical equipment, and process control equipment. Eagle Microsystems Inc., 366 Circle of Progress Dr., Pottstown, PA 19464 USA; phone: (610) 323-2250; fax: (610) 323-0114; [email protected]; www.EagleMicrosystems.com. AWWA Service Provider MemberChemicals MEMBRANE CLEANERS International Products Corp. manufactures membrane cleaners that restore 100% flux at safe pH ranges. Our cleaners are compatible with UF, RO, and ceramic membranes used for food and beverage, heavy oil, automotive, wastewater, water recycling, desalination, medical, and other applications. For information or free samples, call Michele Christian at (609) 386-8770 or e-mail [email protected]. BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA 83

Chemicals WATER TREATMENTCoatings and Linings Chemtrade Solutions manufactures and markets a variety of inorganic chemicals for our North American municipal and industrial water treatment customers. Products include • Aluminum sulfate (alum) • Aluminum chlorohydrate (Ach) • Polyaluminum chloride (Pacl/Pacs) • Ferric sulfate • Calcium hydroxide • Liquid ammonium sulfate Contact us at (800) 255-7589; [email protected]; www.chemtradelogistics.com. MORTAR LININGS W. Walsh Co. Inc. specializes in cement lining of new steel pipelines (4–144 in.) as well as cleaning and cement–mortar lining of existing pipelines to permanently increase carrying capacity, reduce pumping costs, stop leakage, eliminate red water, prevent corrosion, and help maintain chlorine residual at a fraction of the cost of replacement. Color brochure available. 32 Walton St., Attleboro, MA 02703 USA; (508) 226-4300; [email protected]; www.wwalsh.com. AWWA Service Provider MemberComputer Hardware and Software SMART WATER Innovyze is a leading global provider of wet infrastructure business analytics software solutions designed to meet the technological needs of water and wastewater utilities, government agencies, and engineering organizations worldwide. For more information, contact us: Innovyze Inc., 370 Interlocken Blvd., Ste. 300, Broomfield, CO 80021 USA; (626) 568-6868; [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider MemberComputer Software and Services CONSULTANTS Copperleaf provides decision analytics to companies managing critical infrastructure. Our enterprise software solutions leverage operational, financial, and asset data to help our clients make investment decisions that deliver the highest business value. Copperleaf Technologies, 2920 Virtual Way, Ste. 140, Vancouver, BC V5M 0C4 Canada; (888) 465-5323; [email protected]; www.copperleaf.com. AWWA Service Provider Member84 BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

Computer Software and Services HYDRAULIC MODELING Bentley’s fully integrated water and wastewater software solution addresses the needs of owner–operators and engineers who contribute to the water infrastructure life cycle. Bentley provides modeling, design, and management software for water distribution, wastewater, and stormwater systems; transient analysis; GIS and mapping; and road and plant infrastructure. For more information, visit www.bentley.com/wtr. AWWA Service Provider Member METER READING SERVICES Alexander’s Inc. Our technology and highly professional field staff drive the success behind Alexander’s contract meter reading services. Our services provide utilities with greater than 99.9% error-free reads, combined with the most accurate data provided in real time. Conventional reads are 100% authenticated with Certified Photo, GPS, Date and Time Stamp, and our innovative ID Match technology. Additional services include turn on/offs, hang tag, re-routing, as well as conservation, hazard, and GPS collection surveys. (805) 461-3458; [email protected]; www.alexander-co.com. WATER UTILITY ASSET MANAGEMENT Baseform brings unprecedented analytics and control to real-time monitoring, NRW, infiltration and inflow, and defendable, continuous asset management planning to water utilities. It combines seamlessly with CyberCity 3D, a market leader in state-of-the-art 3D building and terrain modeling, now offering this unique SaaS in the US and Canada. (310)760-2556; [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider MemberConstruction and Maintenance Equipment CONDITION ASSESSMENT FOR UNDERWATER INFRASTRUCTURE ASI Marine provides industries and governments worldwide with leading-edge underwater services focused on the assessment, maintenance, rehabilitation, and construction of underwater infrastructure and environments. ASI Marine specializes in underwater remotely operated vehicle (ROV) inspections, commercial diving, marine geophysical surveys, and underwater mapping. Contact us to learn more: (905) 641-094; [email protected]; www.asi-group.com. AWWA Service Provider Member PIPE TOOLS ICS, Blount Inc. ICS® is a world leader in diamond chainsaws, tools, and equipment including the patented PowerGrit® diamond chains designed to cut a variety of materials from ductile iron to plastic pipe with far less excavation and no rotational kickback. 4909 S.E. International Way, Portland, OR 97222-4601 USA; (800) 321-1240; [email protected]; www. icsdiamondtools.com. Contacts: Jessica Gowdy DeMars, (503) 653-4687; Joe Taccogna, (503) 653-4644. AWWA Service Provider Member BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA 85

Consultants FULL-SERVICE WATER AND WASTEWATER CONSULTING SERVICES A $2 billion global management, engineering, and development firm, Mott MacDonald delivers sustainable outcomes in transportation, buildings, power, oil and gas, water and wastewater, environment, education, health, international development, and digital infrastructure. Mott MacDonald in North America (www.mottmac.com/americas) is a vibrant infrastructure development and engineering company with 64 offices. AWWA Service Provider Member FULL-SERVICE SUPPLIER AND INSTALLER Unifilt Corp. Since 1977, with more than 4,000 installations operating worldwide, Unifilt has provided state-of-the-art solutions for potable/ wastewater treatment facilities. Complete packaged solutions (media removal, installation, and guaranteed component compatibility): • Vacuum/hydraulic/manual removal • Hydraulic/manual installation • Underdrain cleaning/evaluation/repair • Evaluation of existing materials/systems • The Unifilt Air Scour • N SF-approved anthracite, sand, garnet, gravel, wheeler balls, and uni-liners that meet or exceed AWWA B100-09. (800) 223-2882; www.Unifilt.com. AWWA Service Provider MemberCorrosion Control, Cathodic Protection Equipment, and Materials GALVANIC ANODES (MAGNESIUM AND ZINC) Interprovincial/International Corrosion Control has manufactured/distributed the following corrosion control products since 1957: • Anodes—magnesium/zinc • Impressed current anodes • Thermitweld products • Test stations, rectifiers • Professional engineering design • Plus many other industry-related products For superior quality and service, contact ICCC, Ontario, Quebec/Maritimes, Alberta: phone: (905) 634-7751; fax: (905) 333-4313. Lewiston, N.Y.: (800) 699-8771. [email protected]; www.Rustrol.com. AWWA Service Provider MemberDisinfection Equipment and Systems WATER TREATMENT Wedeco, a xylem brand, is an industry leader in UV disinfection and ozone oxidation systems. Wedeco offers advanced technologies for chemical-free and environmentally friendly treatment of drinking water and wastewater. Wedeco’s highly qualified experts will provide the best possible solution for your water treatment project. To learn more, call (855) XYL-H2O1 (855-995-4261) or visit www.xylem.com/treatment. AWWA Service Provider Member86 BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

Distribution DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM EFFICIENCY SUEZ Water Advanced Solutions (Utility Service Co. Inc.). Our distribution program includes condition assessments, leak location, V&H exercising, pipe rehabilitation, ice pigging, and smart water solutions, helping you reduce costs, improve operations, and make the right decisions to manage your system. Phone: (855) 526-4413; fax (888) 600-5876; [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider Member DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FLUSHING Hydro-Guard® Automatic Flushing Systems by Mueller Co. maintain residuals in distribution systems. Save time, money, and water over conventional hydrant flushing. Automatic flushing with precise timing and frequency without fielding personnel. S.M.A.R.T. option receives real-time residual analysis via two-way communication over secure web link or existing SCADA. Units for warm or cold climates, atmospheric or directed discharge. [email protected]; www.hydro-guard.com. AWWA Service Provider Member SYSTEM FLOW CONTROL Mueller Co. is the oldest and largest North American manufacturer of flow control products for potable water distribution networks and treatment facilities. It offers the broadest line available from any one company, which includes fire hydrants and hydrant security devices, main valves, pipe repair materials, meter-setting materials, no-lead brass service goods, and drilling and tapping machines and tools. [email protected]; www.muellercompany.com. AWWA Service Provider MemberEngineering Services WATER AND WASTEWATER Greeley and Hansen is a leader in developing innovative engineering, architecture, and management solutions for a wide array of complex water, wastewater, and infrastructure challenges. The firm has built upon over 100 years of proven engineering experience in all phases of project development and implementation to become a premier global provider of comprehensive services in the water sector. Dedicated to designing better urban environments worldwide. Contact: Andrew Richardson, (312) 558-9000 or [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider MemberEnvironmental Products AIR STRIPPERS AND DEGASIFIERS Delta Cooling Towers Inc. In 1981, Delta delivered its first Delta Vanguard® Air Stripping Tower and has since provided air stripping solutions to more than 500 installations. Today, air stripping continues to be the preferred water remediation technology. Delta’s air strippers are preferred for routine installations as well as for many applications with difficult-to-strip chemical compounds. Vanguard Air strippers, for VOC, THM, and dissolved gas removal, are custom designed up to 15 ft in diameter and 4,000 gpm. (800) 289-3358; www.deltacooling.com. AWWA Service Provider Member BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA 87

Filtration ACTIVATED CARBON Carbon Activated Corp. is one of the leading manufacturers and suppliers of high-quality activated carbon and related services, providing various types of activated carbon and filter media, NSF-61 certified and manufactured to AWWA Standards. We provide systems and installations, large-scale project management, performance guarantees, and superior lead times. www.activatedcarbon.com. AWWA Service Provider Member ACTIVATED CARBON Haycarb USA Inc. is one of the leading manufacturers of coconut shell based activated carbon providing NSF-61 certified products from ISO 9001 certified production facilities. Our products have been proven for drinking water applications. For more information on Haycarb USA Inc., please call toll-free 855 HAYCARB (429-2272). AWWA Service Provider Member ARSENIC REMOVAL AdEdge Water Technologies LLC specializes in the design, development, manufacturing, and supply of integrated technologies, treatment solutions, and systems that remove arsenic, iron, manganese, fluoride, uranium, and other contaminants for public, municipal, and industrial clients. Please contact us at (866) 8ADEDGE or at [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider Member FILTER HOUSINGS AND CARTRIDGES Harmsco Filtration Products Inc. offers a variety of innovative and cost- effective filter housings rated to 2,400 gpm as well as NSF-61 certified cartridge elements that meet AWWA drinking water standards. Harmsco proudly supplies filtration installations for EPA LT2 compliance in CA, TX, CO, OR, NJ, NY, AK, CT, UT, VT, NM, MT, WA, ME, SD, MN, and Canada. For more information on Harmsco products, please call (800) 327-3248, (561) 848-9628; [email protected]; www.harmsco.com. FILTER MAINTENANCE AND REHABILITATION SUEZ Water Advanced Solutions (Utility Service Co. Inc.) provides filter condition assessments, media sampling, cleaning and replacement, concrete and steel rehabilitation, underdrains, and filter equipment. We handle all your filter needs from a one-time media cleaning to full filter house rehabilitation and maintenance. Phone: (855) 526-4413; fax: (888) 600-5876; [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider Member FILTER MEDIA Since 1935 Anthracite Filter Media Co. has been providing anthracite, sand, gravel, garnet, greensand, and activated carbon that meet or exceed AWWA and NSF standards. Most materials are warehoused at several locations throughout the country, facilitating quick delivery. For more information, please contact us at 6326 West Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90043-3803 USA; (800) 722-0407 or (310) 258-9116; fax: (310) 258-9111; www.AnthraciteFilter.com; [email protected] BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017 | JOURNAL AWWA

Filtration FILTER MEDIA Anthrafilter has provided filter media replacement across North America since 1976. We offer service to all types of filters including gravity, pressure, traveling bridge-type systems, and others; underdrain repairs; removal, disposal, supply, and installation; as well as anthracite filter media, filter sands and gravels, garnet, greensand, activated carbon, etc. Our efficient, clean, and safe methods reduce filter downtime. We provide quality, efficiency, and customer satisfaction. USA: phone: (800) 998-8555 or (716) 285-5680; fax: (716) 285-5681. Canada: phone: (519) 751-1080; fax: (519) 751-0617. www.anthrafilter.net. AWWA Service Provider Member FILTER MEDIA CEI is your worldwide leader in providing filter media to the water filtration industry. Anthracite, gravel, sand, garnet, greensand plus, activated carbons, resins, and much more. All exceed AWWA B100 Standards. All are NSF approved. USA and Overseas. Same day proposals. Excellent customer service. We are your “One Company For All Your Filter Media.” Phone: (800) 344-5770; fax: (888) 204-9656; [email protected]; www. CEIfiltration.com. AWWA Service Provider Member FILTER MEDIA, ANTHRACITE Carbonite Filter Corp. produces superior-quality anthracite filter media with uniformities of 1.40 or less guaranteed. Carbonite has been used successfully by thousands of municipal and industrial filter plants. Our products meet ANSI/AWWA B100 Standards and are NSF Standard 61 certified. POB #1, Delano, PA 18220 USA; phone: (570) 467-3350; fax: (570) 467-7272; [email protected]; www.carbonitecorp.com. FILTER MEDIA, ANTHRACITE CEI Anthracite manufactures the highest quality anthracite. Our anthracite is custom manufactured to your size and UC (uniformity coefficient) requirements. Our anthracite can be made to a UC as low as 1.3. Our dry anthracite is only 50 pounds per cubic foot, unlike the water soaked anthracite from other plants. No paying for water weight here. NSF Certified. Exceeds AWWA B-100 Standards. (570) 459-7005; [email protected]; www.ceifiltration.com. AWWA Service Provider Member FILTRATION Wateropolis specializes in production of granular ceramic filter medias for gravity and pressure filtration. Ceramics are ideal for use in high loading rate applications, to increase filter run times, and to improve filter effluent. We offer a low-cost alternative to anthracite to improve performance of conventional and biological filters. www.wateropolis.com. BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA 89

Filtration FULL-SERVICE SUPPLIER AND INSTALLER Unifilt Corp. Since 1977, with more than 4,000 installations operating worldwide, Unifilt has provided state-of-the-art solutions for potable/ wastewater treatment facilities. Complete packaged solutions (media removal, installation, and guaranteed component compatibility): • Vacuum/hydraulic/manual removal • Hydraulic/manual installation • Underdrain cleaning/evaluation/repair • Evaluation of existing materials/systems • The Unifilt Air Scour • NSF-approved anthracite, sand, garnet, gravel, wheeler balls, and uni-liners    that meet or exceed AWWA B100-09. (800) 223-2882; www.Unifilt.com. AWWA Service Provider Member REVERSE OSMOSIS FEED WATER SPACER DelStar is the global leader in Reverse Osmosis Feed Spacer and Center Tube technologies with over 30 years of experience. We deliver time-tested quality products and next generation innovations and solutions to solve your toughest RO Membrane challenges. Now as part of SWM, we bring even more capabilities to customers. Visit us at www.swmintl.com. WATER TREATMENT Leopold, a xylem brand, has been a pioneer in designing and engineering clarification and filtration systems for the water and wastewater industry for more than 85 years. Leopold’s expertise and leadership is proven through a wide range of systems and equipment installed in more than 8,000 locations globally. To learn more, call (855) XYL-H2O1 (855-995-4261) or visit www.xylem.com/treatment. AWWA Service Provider Member WATER TREATMENT Rosedale Products Inc. is a leading producer of bag filters, cartridge filters, and basket strainers. Supporting items include vibrating filters, fabricated pressure vessels, centrifugal separators, and automatic back-flushing systems. Rosedale Products Inc., 3730 W. Liberty Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA; phone: (800) 821-5373 or (734) 665-8201; fax: (734) 665-2214; [email protected]; www.rosedaleproducts.com. AWWA Service Provider MemberGaskets and Sealing PIPE GASKETS Specification Rubber Products Inc. Domestic manufacturer of gaskets and sealing solutions since 1968. • Barracuda® RJ gaskets in safety orange • Push-on gaskets • MJ and MJxIPS transition gaskets • Filler, flat, and AMERICAN Toruseal® Flange Gaskets • SBR, EPDM, Nitrile, Fluoroelastomer (Viton®, etc.) compounds available • Products are NSF-61 and UL listed and conform to ANSI/AWWAC111/   A21.111 • Sold through PVF manufacturers and distributors (800) 633-3415; www.specrubber.com. AWWA Service Provider Member90 BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

Geographic Information Systems EQUIPMENT DISTRIBUTORS Seiler Instrument is a family owned firm established in 1945. Geospatial scanning, UAV, survey and mapping sales, service, training, and support are what we excel at. Our staff of professionals is committed to a personal hands-on approach and our service excellence goes well beyond just a sale. (888) 263-8918; [email protected]; www.seilerinst.com. AWWA Service Provider MemberHydrants, Accessories, and Parts VALVES AMERICAN Flow Control is a division of AMERICAN Cast Iron Pipe Company, founded in Birmingham, Ala., in 1905. In addition to fire hydrants and valves, AMERICAN manufactures ductile iron and spiral-welded steel pipe for the waterworks industry. Contact us at (205) 325-7957 or [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider MemberInstrumentation LABORATORY AND FIELD-TESTING EQUIPMENT Myron L® Co.’s ULTRAPEN™ PT1 is a groundbreaking new conductivity/TDS/ salinity pen. The PT1 features the accuracy and stability of benchtop lab equipment with the convenience of a pen. Constructed of durable aircraft aluminum, this pen is fully potted for extra protection with an easy-to-read LCD and one-button functions. The PT1 is an indispensable instrument in the water quality professional’s toolkit. www.myronl.com. AWWA Service Provider Member REMOTE WIRELESS MONITORING Telog, A Trimble Company offers a comprehensive remote monitoring system for water distribution and waste water collection utilities. The Telog system provides an automated means of collecting, archiving, presenting, and sharing asset data so utilities can improve operations and fulfill regulatory compliance. (585) 742-3000; [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider Member TREATMENT PLANT EQUIPMENT Analytical Technology Inc. designs and manufactures a wide variety of innovative instrumentation for the water and wastewater markets and distributes both domestically and internationally through a system of independent manufacturers’ representatives and distributors. In addition to water quality monitors, ATI also provides a full line of industrial and municipal gas detectors measuring up to 33 different gases. Collegeville, Pa.; phone: (800) 959-0299; fax: (610) 917-0992; [email protected]; www.analyticaltechnology.com. AWWA Service Provider Member BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA 91

Leak Detection ACOUSTIC LEAK DETECTION Echologics provides high-quality and actionable information about buried water distribution and transmission main infrastructure helping to optimize capital investments, repair and rehabilitation programs and safely extend the operating life of critical water main assets. Echologics is a leader in pipe condition assessment, leak detection, and continuous leak monitoring solutions. ACOUSTIC LEAK DETECTION Matchpoint. Do you need equipment, services, training or even just good advice on reducing and managing your non-revenue water? Call MATCHPOINT. We guarantee we have a solution for you. (910) 509-7225; [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider Member AMR/AMI LEAK MONITORING Neptune Technology Group. Reducing NRW is a daunting task. When combined with an acoustic leak sensor, Neptune’s R900® RF technology can transmit leak sound vibration information from water distribution mains and service connections. In addition, Neptune’s R900 AMI system provides time- synchronized readings that support system balancing for accurate zone leak detection. (800) 633-8754, ext. 7437; www.neptunetg.com. AWWA Service Provider Member ASSET MANAGEMENT, CONDITION ASSESSMENT JD7 provides condition assessment, inspection, and leak detection solutions for water, gas, and industrial pipeline infrastructure. JD7 offers these inspection services for commercial, industrial, municipal, institutional, and utilities companies located anywhere in the world. JD7 products can access and survey water and gas pipes from as small as 2 inches in diameter to an unlimited size. (858) 242-1640; www.jd7usa.com. AWWA Service Provider Member LEAK DETECTION SubSurface Leak Detection offers the most sensitive leak noise correlators, correlating loggers, and water leak detectors available. Choose the DigiCorr correlator, the LC-2500 correlator, the ZCorr correlating loggers, or any of our five different water leak detectors. (775) 298-2701; www.subsurfaceleak.com. AWWA Service Provider Member WATER LOSS CONTROL AND ASSET MANAGEMENT For more than 30 years, M.E. Simpson Co. Inc. has helped utilities across the United States locate and resolve water loss control issues, control nonrevenue water, and control asset management issues so customers feel secure in their water distribution systems, as well as with the water they drink. Phone: (800) 255-1521; fax: (800) 531-2444; [email protected]; www.mesimpson.com. AWWA Service Provider Member92 BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

Leak Detection WATER NETWORK MONITORINGMeters Fluid Conservation Systems is the instrumentation expert for water loss recovery. Our combined experience, technical expertise, and unrivaled wireless monitoring solutions have made us world leaders within the drinking water industry with a reputation for innovation, quality, and service. We specialize in premier water network monitoring solutions by offering a complete set of equipment for virtually all leak detection and pressure management needs. For more information call (800) 531-5465, e-mail [email protected], or visit www.fluidconservation.com. AWWA Service Provider Member AMI IMPLEMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE SUEZ Water Advanced Solutions (Utility Service Co. Inc.) offers a risk-free, turnkey financed solution that bundles meters with AMI technology, installing and integrating into your existing system. Then, we take care of your system during its lifetime. Phone: (855) 526-4413; fax (888) 600-5876; [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider Member AMR/AMI This year marks 25 years of manufacturing ultrasonic meters for Kamstrup Water Metering, more experience than any other manufacturer in the US water utility market. This experience means utilities can expect higher-quality, field- proven smart meters and automated meter reading systems that help control operational costs, reduce nonrevenue water, and engage end-customers in a digital age. For more information, visit www.kamstrup.com. AWWA Service Provider Member AMR/AMI Neptune Technology Group. While each water utility is different, there are common challenges that drive utilities to find new ways to boost operational efficiency, customer service, and the bottom line. Neptune meets these challenges with systems for a “smart water network.” We’re ready to help your utility increase productivity, conserve resources (including water), and increase revenue, while adopting the individual components and software your utility needs—at your own pace. (800) 633-8754, ext. 7437; www.neptunetg.com or call. AWWA Service Provider Member AMR/AMI SYSTEMS Sensus helps a wide range of public service providers—from utilities to cities to industrial complexes and campuses—do more with their infrastructure. We enable our customers to reach farther through the application of technology and data-driven insights that deliver efficiency and responsiveness. We partner with them to anticipate and respond to evolving business needs with innovation in sensing and communications technologies, data analytics, and services. Learn more at www.sensus.com. AWWA Service Provider Member BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA 93

Meters AMR/AMI SYSTEMS Formed in 1903, the Zenner/Minol group is a global company focused on meter production, AMR/AMI systems, and sub-metering contracts. Zenner/ Minol serves customers in 90 countries with plants on five continents including the United States. Zenner USA, 15280 Addison Rd., Addison, TX 75001 USA; phone: (855) 593-6637; fax: (972) 386-1814; marketing@zennerusa. com; www.zennerusa.com. AWWA Service Provider Member AMR/AMI, METER DATA MANAGEMENT, AND LEAK DETECTION Master Meter is a high-service solutions provider specializing in advanced digital water metering, data delivery, and utility intelligence software. Our innovative smart water and IoT technologies portfolio helps utilities manage a dynamic business environment, and their rapidly evolving role within a smart cities strategic plan. For more information, call (800) 765-6518 or visit www.mastermeter.com. AWWA Service Provider Member METERS, AMR/AMI, AND ANALYTICS Badger Meter is an innovator in flow measurement, control and communication solutions, serving water utilities, municipalities, and commercial and industrial customers worldwide. The company’s products measure water, oil, chemicals, and other fluids, and are known for accuracy, long-lasting durability, and for providing and communicating valuable and timely measurement data. For more information, call (800) 616-3837; www.badgermeter.com. AWWA Service Provider Member SUBMETERING BILLING SOLUTIONS Priority is a full-service utility billing company. We provide meter monitoring, billing, and collecting services using a completely web-based interface that allows property managers and residents to track utility consumption. We are driven by the goal to provide the highest standard of service and custom- designed submetering billing solutions. For more information, please visit www.prioritymeter.com or call (855) 318-2204, ext. 2. AWWA Service Provider Member WATER METERS Neptune’s MACH 10® ultrasonic water meter provides maximum accuracy at low flows over the meter’s life. No moving parts means no wear or maintenance. Continuous high-resolution measurement allows testing on a test bench, no special test modes required. The truly wireless MACH 10 integrated radio version is easy to install and reduces tampering. (800) 633-8754, ext. 7437; www.neptunetg.com. AWWA Service Provider Member94 BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

Meters WATER UTILITY GASKETSPipe Specification Rubber Products Inc. Domestic manufacturer of gaskets and sealing solutions sinc 1968. • Patented MeterSeal™ molded gaskets have a molded bulb on the ID to help   with mismatched faces and uneven torque on bolts. • Drop-in MeterSeal™ gaskets and traditional drop-in meter gaskets have a    patented tab to assist with installation. • Both styles meet the physical properties specified in Table 4 of ANSI/AWWA   C111/A21.11. • Made in the USA, NSF-61 certified. (800) 633-3415; www.specrubber.com. AWWA Service Provider Member ASSESSMENT CONDITION Echologics provides high-quality and actionable information about buried water distribution and transmission main infrastructure helping to optimize capital investments, repair and rehabilitation programs and safely extend the operating life of critical water main assets. Echologics is a leader in pipe condition assessment, leak detection, and continuous leak monitoring solutions. Contact: [email protected]. CLEANING TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Pipeline Pigging Products Inc. Our Municipal Series Poly Pigs are internal pipeline-cleaning devices that are propelled by line pressure to remove flow-restricting deposits. All have the ability to negotiate short-radius bends, tees, valves, and multidimensional piping. Call (800) 242-7997 or (281) 351-6688 for distributor or factory-certified service information; www.pipepigs.com. DUCTILE IRON PIPE AMERICAN Ductile Iron Pipe is a division of AMERICAN Cast Iron Pipe Company, founded in Birmingham, Ala., in 1905. In addition to ductile iron, AMERICAN manufactures spiral-welded steel pipe, fire hydrants, and valves for the waterworks industry. Contact us at (205) 307-2969 or [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider Member FASTENERS Birmingham Fastener offers a complete line of T-bolts, hex bolts, custom kitting services, and VMI programs. With over three decades’ experience, we are the only large-scale domestic manufacturer of T-heads in the US and we understand your business needs and will always exceed your expectations. Whether you need Cor-Blue®, A242, or Stainless, demand the B! (800) 695-3511; www.bhamfast.com. AWWA Service Provider Member BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA 95

Pipe PIPE CLAMPS AND COUPLINGS Krausz Industries, the creator of HYMAX, develops and manufactures market- leading products for repairing, restraining, and connecting different types of pipes for potable water and sewage. HYMAX has a solid reputation for innovative, easy-to-use products that are durable and save time and money on inventory. Phone: (855) 457-2879; fax: (352) 304-5787; [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider Member PIPE JOINT MATERIAL Mercer Rubber Company manufactures rubber expansion joints for the water and wastewater treatment, power, industrial, and chemical industries as well as HVAC commercial and marine work. Our specialty is developing custom products for a specific job, from a single small joint to hundreds of large-diameter joints. [email protected]; www.mercer-rubber.com. AWWA Service Provider Member PIPE, PVC Diamond Plastics Corp. manufactures gasketed PVC pipe in diameters from 1½ in. through 60 in. for water distribution, transmission, irrigation, drainage, and sewage applications, including AWWA C900 products from 4 to 60 in. With seven plants across the United States and more than 30 years of experience in production, Diamond is one of the largest manufacturers of quality pipe products in North America. POB 1608, Grand Island, NE 68802 USA; (800) PVC-PIPE; [email protected]; www.dpcpipe.com. AWWA Service Provider Member PIPE REHABILITATION Aqua-Pipe® is a Class IV, stand-alone structural CIPP (cured-in-place pipe) technology used for the rehabilitation of water mains, ranging from 6 to 24 in. in diameter. The process is a trenchless technology, thus saving direct construction and indirect social costs. Developed by Sanexen, Aqua-Pipe is certified to NSF/ANSI Standard 61. For more information on how we can help you with your water main distribution system, please contact us at (800) 263-7870; [email protected]; or visit www.aqua-pipe.com. AWWA Service Provider Member PIPE REHABILITATION J. Fletcher Creamer & Son Inc. specializes in the cleaning and cement–mortar lining of potable water mains in situ throughout the United States. We are also an authorized applicator of the 3M Scotchkote 2400 liner. A new lining increases the product flow, and the life of the pipe is extended dramatically. This trenchless technology is a very economical solution to numerous problems. For information on this and InWeg internal pipe seals, contact Robert A. Flock at (908) 986-5688 or [email protected]; www.jfcson.com. AWWA Service Provider Member PIPE REHABILITATION W. Walsh Co. specializes in cement lining of new steel pipelines (4–144 in.) as well as cleaning and cement–mortar lining of existing pipelines to permanently increase carrying capacity, reduce pumping costs, stop leakage, eliminate red water, prevent corrosion, and help maintain chlorine residual at a fraction of the cost of replacement. Color brochure available. 32 Walton St., Attleboro, MA 02703 USA; (508) 226-4300; [email protected]; www.wwalsh.com. AWWA Service Provider Member96 BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA

Pipe PIPE REHABILITATION AND TRENCHLESS INSTALLATIONPumps Aegion’s innovative technologies and market-leading expertise help keep infrastructure working better, safer, and longer. Our trenchless pressure pipe technologies include InsituMain® CIPP, the Tyfo® Fibrwrap® system, Fusible PVC® pipe, and the Tite Liner® HDPE lining system. We also provide corrosion control for water tanks and pipelines. (800) 234-2992; www.aegion.com. AWWA Service Provider Member CHEMICAL METERING PUMPS Blue-White® Industries is a leading manufacturer of peristaltic and diaphragm chemical metering pumps. These pumps are designed to handle challenges associated with chemicals used for the treatment of water and wastewater. They have features and capabilities the industry requires: accurate feed, high pressure ratings, and advanced electronics. (714) 893-8529; [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider Member PIPE-JOINING MATERIALS X-Pando Products Co. is the manufacturer of unique sealing compounds that expand as they set, and can be used on most threaded pipes and fittings for most liquids, gases, and liquid gases at high pressures and temperatures. Nontoxic, UL® certified to NSF/ANSI 61 and 372. Meets requirements of FDA, USDA, NASA, and API. X-Pando Special No. 2 for use on cement-lined pipes to be welded. 204 Stokes Ave., Ewing, NJ 08638 USA; phone: (609) 394-0150; fax: (609) 989-4847; [email protected]. PUMPS While in the business of making water work for you, look to A.Y. McDonald to provide the pumps you need, ranging from boosters to submersibles. As the leading manufacturer and distributor of water works, plumbing, pumps, and high pressure gas parts, learn more about A.Y. McDonald by calling (800) 292-2737. AWWA Service Provider Member PUMPS Gorman-Rupp manufactures a complete line of sewage pumping systems and pressure booster/water reuse stations, including pumps, motors, and controls. Our ReliaSource® line of lift stations provides dependability and ease of service, and our commitment to total system responsibility means you make only one call to source and service your entire system. Please contact Vince Baldasare at (419) 755-1011 or [email protected], or visit www.GRpumps.com. BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA 97

Pumps PUMPS SEEPEX Inc. develops, manufactures, and globally markets progressive cavity pumps for delivering low to highly viscous, aggressive, and abrasive media. SEEPEX offers pre-engineered chemical metering systems for use in a wide variety of chemical dosing and water treatment applications, including sodium hypochlorite disinfection processes. The fully packaged skids are available with SEEPEX’s NSF/ANSI 61 Standard-certified metering pumps. SEEPEX Inc., 511 Speedway Dr., Enon, OH 45323 USA; phone: (937) 864-7150; fax: (937) 864-7157; [email protected]; www.seepex.com. AWWA Service Provider MemberSafety Equipment and Devices DISINFECTION EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS TGO Technologies Inc. ChlorTainer is a high-pressure containment vessel into which a 1-ton or 150-lb chlorine gas cylinder is processed. If the cylinder should leak, chlorine gas is contained within the vessel and processed at a normal rate. All of the chlorine gas is used, and no hazardous waste is generated. Phone: (800) 543-6603; fax: (707) 576-7516; [email protected]; www.tgotech.com. AWWA Service Provider Member LADDER SHIELDS R B Industries. Our trademarked Ladder Gate® Climb Preventive Shield controls access to fixed ladders on tanks, towers, buildings, and other structures. The angled sides prevent reaching around the shield to gain access to the ladder. Sturdy, maintenance-free. Easily installed. Visit us at www.laddergate.com.Security INNOVATIVE SECURITY SOLUTIONSTanks For more than 50 years, McGard LLC has provided innovative security solutions for many applications including in utilities. Our Intimidator Line of fire hydrant locks, plug locks, and viper locks are among some of the devices that have been used for decades to prevent water theft and the intentional or unintentional backflow of hazardous substances into drinking water systems. McGard products are known for quality and performance. For more information, call (888) 888-9192, ext. 2279; e-mail [email protected], or visit www.mcgard.com/security. AWWA Service Provider Member ASSET MAINTENANCE, REHABILITATION, AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE COATINGS SUEZ Water Advanced Solutions (Utility Service Co. Inc.) created the Tank Maintenance Program over 30 years ago, delivering peace of mind by providing financed rehabilitation and maintenance—including all repairs, lifetime coatings warranty, annual condition assessments, emergency services, and all future renovations. Phone: (855) 526-4413; fax: (888) 600-5876; [email protected]. AWWA Service Provider Member98 BUYERS’ RESOURCE GUIDE | 109:2 • FEBRUARY 2017  |  JOURNAL AWWA