(DK) Medical Symptoms: A Visual Guide

INDEX249bottom see anus; bowels; buttocksbowelsabnormal stools 126–27constipation 124–25diarrhea 122–23disease, inflammatory 24, 20infection 122, 127movements 102obstruction 104, 107, 204stools 122, 124, 125, 127weight loss 30brainabscess 168tumor 17, 42, 49, 168breastbone 75breastfeeding see mastitis; nipple problemsbreasts 94–95cancer 94, 95, 216cysts 217pain 95, 216breathing difficulties 44, 89breathlessness 89bronchitis 88, 193bruises 225bulimia 243bumps, skin 36–37bunions (hallux valgus) 149, 160bursitis 75, 77, 83, 159olecranon (student’s elbow) 80prepatellar 137trochanteric 131, 132, 135buttocks 120–21see also anus; bowelsCcallus 151calves 143cancer 18, 31anal 121, 207bladder 113, 116, 210bone 93, 97, 134, 147, 155breast 94, 95, 216cervical 115, 215colon 105, 206esophageal 199kidney 117, 209laryngeal 70, 193leukemia 25, 187liver 100, 201lung 70, 88, 93, 96, 195lymphoma 27, 79, 188melanoma (skin) 34, 35, 37, 226oral 67, 198ovarian 108, 213pancreatic 96, 101, 122, 126, 202prostate 116, 117, 212rectal 121, 206stomach 30, 101, 126, 200testicular 119, 211uterine (womb) 109, 115, 214cancerous growths see tumorscandida infection 66candidiasis see yeast infectioncarcinomas 37basal cell (BCC) 226squamous cell (SCC) 226see also cancercardiovascular system disorders 180–85carpal tunnel syndrome 87, 172cartilage tears 136, 160cataracts 59, 177cauda equina syndrome 103, 130, 171cauliflower ear 174cellulitis 33, 34, 228eyelid 57legs and ankles 141, 143, 145,cervical problemscancer 115, 215ectropion 115, 214radiculopathy 173spondylosis 15, 51, 72, 158chalazion 57, 178charley horse 132, 135, 164cheekbone fracture 156cheeks 55cheilitis, angular 66chest 88–93chicken pox 32, 233chilblains (pernio) 146, 225children 23, 99, 123, 125cow’s milk allergy 123, 189digestive system disordersHirschsprung’s disease 125, 205toddler’s diarrhea 123, 196ear problems in 60, 62growing pains 143hemangioma (birthmarks) 36, 224infectionschicken pox 32, 233slapped cheek disease (parvovirus) 55, 234mental health disordersattention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) 41, 242Tourette’s syndrome 41, 243musculoskeletal system disordership problems in 129Kawasaki disease 33, 185Sever’s disease 150, 162chlamydia infection 109, 115, 118, 218chloasma 35, 224cholangitis 100, 201primary biliary 126cholecystitis 22, 77, 202cholera 104, 107, 235cholesterol 221chondritis, auricular 174chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis 60chronic ankle instability (CAI) 162chronic fatigue syndrome 20, 25, 166chronic kidney disease 208chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 89, 194chronic urinary retention 112cirrhosis 28, 98, 100, 201clubbingof fingers 84, 231of foot 147, 156of nails 84cluster headaches 48, 166coccydynia 120, 156celiac disease 30, 99, 122, 125, 204cold sores (herpes simplex) 66, 229cold temperatures, effect on feet 146colitisamebic 237ulcerative 105, 122, 127, 203collapsed lung (pneumothorax) 195collarbone (clavicle) 74, 77fracture 74, 156colon cancer 105, 206common cold 232compartment syndrome 143, 163complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) 19, 172confusion 42–43conjunctivitis 56, 177consciousness 16–17see also faintingconstipation 99, 105, 124–25, 196contact dermatitis 60, 222COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) 194costochondritis 90, 93, 100, 158coughing 70cow’s milk allergy 123, 189cracked nipples 94cramps, muscle 134, 143, 151, 161Crohn’s disease 99, 122, 127, 203abdominal pain 104, 107croup (laryngotracheitis) 68, 70, 192cruciate ligament injury, anterior and posterior 138, 162cryptosporidiosis 237curvature, abnormal spinal 156Cushing’s syndrome 29, 34, 221cyclical breast pain 95cyclothymia 39, 241cystic fibrosis 126, 194cystitis (bladder infection) 109, 113interstitial (painful bladder syndrome) 113, 209cystsBaker’s cyst 139, 160breast 95, 217

250250250epidermoid (scalp) 53epididymal 119, 210ganglion 79hand 85hydatid 100, 238kidney 113, 117, 208ovarian 108, 109, 213sebaceous 225skin 36Ddandruff 53, 230De Quervain’s tenosynovitis 85, 87, 164deep vein thrombosis (DVT) 143, 184deltoid 76dementia 43, 170dental abscesses 49, 54, 67, 197depression 38, 39, 43, 242fatigue and sleeping problems 25, 45weight gain and loss 29, 31dermatitis 118, 222contact 32seborrheic (scalp) 32, 53deviated nasal septum 64, 190diabetes 24, 30, 122, 219diabetic foot 147, 219diabetic neuropathy 19, 219diabetic retinopathy 58, 220see also hypoglycemiadiarrhea 23, 99, 122–23, 196diet see malnutritiondiffuse alopecia 52, 230digestive system disorders 196–207disc, slipped 103, 158see also sciaticadischarge, vaginal 115discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) 52, 189discoloration, of skin 34–35dislocated joints 161dislocated kneecap 137dislocations, shoulder 75diverticular disease 99, 105, 107, 205bowels 122, 125diverticulitis 99, 105, 205bowels 122, 124, 127diverticulum, Meckel’s 106dizziness 14–15, 23ear, hearing 62DLE (discoid lupus erythematosus) 189drugsand memory problems 43misuse 31, 243and mood changes 38overdose 17, 239withdrawal 17see also medicationDupuytren’s contracture 86, 165dysentery 104, 107, 237dyshidrotic eczema (pompholyx) 222dysmenorrhea 214dyspepsia (gastroesophageal reflux disease) 101, 199dysphonia, functional 70Eears 60–61disorders of 174–79eardrum, ruptured 62, 175earwax 61, 62, 174hearing 62–63infections of 23eating disorders 41, 243ectopic pregnancy 108, 109, 217ectropion 57, 179eczema 32, 34, 35, 222breasts 94eyelid 57hands 86knees 138edema 28, 141, 145elbows 80–81embolism 183encephalitis 17, 168endocarditis, infective 27, 182endocrine disorders 219–21endometriosis 109, 214enlarged prostate 116, 117, 212enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) 221entropion 57, 179environmental disorders 239epidermoid cyst 53epididymal cyst 119, 210epididymitis 210epididymo-orchitis 119, 210epiglottitis 68, 191epilepsy 15, 16, 167Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) 235erectile dysfunction 118, 211erysipelas 35, 54, 228esophagus 89, 91cancer of 199esophagitis 89, 91, 199eustachian tube dysfunction 61, 175Ewing’s sarcoma 133, 155extradural hematoma (EDH) 51, 170eyes 54, 56–57disorders 174–79vision 58–59Fface 54–55facial nerve palsy 54, 173facial pain 50facial weaknesses 54skin, moles and discoloration 35see also eyes; nosefainting (vasovagal syncope) 14–15, 48in pregnancy 14falls (mobility) 21farsightedness 59, 179fat necrosis 95, 216fatigue 24–25fatty stools 126feet 146–49, 156female bodiesabdomen 108–109breasts 94–95, 216–17fluid retention in 28genitals 114–15mood changes 39urinary and reproductive system disorders 112–13, 114–15, 212–17femoral (thigh bone) fracture 133, 134, 156femoral hernia 111, 204femur 128, 133, 134fever 26–27, 33, 42fibroadenoma 95, 217fibrocystic breast disease 95, 217fibroepithelial polyp 66, 67fibroids 109, 115, 215fibromyalgia 18, 81, 162fibula 145filariasis 119, 238fingers 84, 86–87clubbing of 84nail disorders 149, 222–31trigger finger 164fissure, anal 121fistula, anal 121flashes (vision) 59flatfeet 150, 156fluid retention 28fluke infestation 238focusing problems 179food allergies 189food poisoning 23, 99, 104, 107foot 146–49, 156forearms 82–83foreign body, in vagina 115forgetfulness see memory problemsfractures 79, 167ankle 144cheekbone 55collarbone (clavicle) 74, 88elbow 81femur 133, 134fingers 86foot 149hand 86hip 128humerus 74

INDEX251lower leg 141rib 88, 93stress 128, 141, 149vertebral 97, 103wrist and forearm 83see also bone disorders and injuriesfrostbite 146, 239frostnip 146, 239frozen shoulder 75, 77, 159functional dysphonia 70, 192fungal nail infection (onychomycosis) 149, 231Ggallstones 22, 100, 126, 202ganglion see cystsgastritis 91, 101, 199gastroenteritis 23, 99, 196abdominal pain 101, 104, 107infective 123gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD, acid reflux) 89, 91, 199abdominal pain 101hoarseness with cough (throat) 70generalized anxiety disorder 39, 40, 240genitalsfemale 114–15herpes 114, 118, 218male 118–19warts 110, 114, 118, 218geographic tongue 66, 199giant cell arteritis (GCA) 50, 183giardiasis (intestinal parasite) 31, 237gingivitis 67, 198glands see lymph nodesglaucoma 58, 178gluteus maximus 102, 131goiter 73, 221golfer’s elbow (medial epicondylitis) 81, 165gonorrhea 109, 115, 118, 218gout 136, 144, 147, 159in elbows 80, 81gouty tophus 60, 84, 159Grave’s disease 220groin 110–11strain 111, 129, 163growing pains 143gums 67gynecomastia 212Hhemangioma (birthmarks) 36, 224hematoma 51auricular 174subdural 170hemorrhagessubarachnoid 51 170subconjunctival 177hemorrhoids 121, 127, 207herniated disc 103, 158hair disorders 52–53, 222–31hallucinations 42hallux valgus (bunions) 149hammer toe 149, 165hamstring injuries 130, 134, 139, 163hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) 84, 86, 185hand, foot, and mouth disease 66, 67, 86, 229hands 84–85, 86–87hay fever 190head 48–51hair disorders 52–53, 222–31headaches 22, 48, 166see also migrainesinjuries to 15, 17, 42, 49, 51, 167lice 53, 231health anxiety (hypochondria) 40hearing loss 62, 174heart 79, 89, 91attacks 89, 91, 101, 180failure 24, 28, 89, 181referred pain 74, 76rhythm problems (arrhythmias) 15, 91, 181shoulder and upper arm pain 75, 79valve disorders 15, 182heat exhaustion 15, 27, 239heatstroke 17, 27, 239heels 145, 150spur 150Helicobacter pylori infection 199hepatitis 25, 100, 200hernia 204femoral 111hiatal 91inguinal 111, 119strangulated 111, 119herpangina 68, 192herpes, genital 218herpes simplex (cold sores) 66herpes zoster (shingles) 233hiatal hernia 91, 204high arches 156high fever 17hips 128–31fracture of 128snapping hip syndrome 159Hirschsprung’s disease 125, 205HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) 31, 188hives (urticaria) 32, 223hoarseness 70hookworm 238horizontal ridges (nails) 84human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 31, 188humerus 74, 77, 156Huntington’s disease 21, 171hydatid cyst (Echinococcosis) 100, 238hydrocele 119, 211hypercalcemia 125, 187hypercholesterolemia 221hyperthyroidism 30, 122, 220hypochondria (health anxiety) 40hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) 42, 219dizziness, fainting, and seizures 15, 17, 48hypotension (low blood pressure) 15, 183hypothyroidism 24, 29, 70, 125, 220Iidiopathic edema 28iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) 129, 136, 164immune system disorders 186–89impetigo 55, 65, 228incontinence, urinary 112, 209infections 31, 232–38infectious mononucleosis 25, 26, 68, 235infective endocarditis 27, 182infective gastroenteritis 123, 196infestations 31, 232–38inflammation, of tendon see tendons, tendinitisinflammatory bowel disease (IBD) 24, 30, 203inflammatory disease, pelvic (PID) 109, 115, 213influenza 26, 232ingrown toenail 149, 231inguinal hernia 111, 119, 204insect bites 32insomnia 25, 43, 241intercourse, pain during 114interstitial cystitis (painful bladder syndrome) 109, 113, 209intertrigo 79, 94, 110, 224intestines 98–99, 104–105, 106 obstruction of 22, 125, 204irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) 122, 125, 203abdominal pain 99, 104, 107itchinganal 121female genitals 114skin, with rashes 32Jjaundice 35, 201jaw 50jock itch (tinea cruris) 110, 230joint problems 18, 21ankles 144dislocation 161dysfunction 131, 159elbows 80–81feet 147

252252252hands 84–85, 86–87instability 160wrists 82–83, 85see also arthritis; hips; kneesjumper’s knee (patellar tendinitis) 137, 164KKawasaki disease 33, 185keloid 60, 227keratosisseborrheic 34, 35, 37, 228solar 37, 53, 226kidney problems 92, 102cancer 117, 209chest and back pain 92, 96, 102cysts 113, 117, 208disease 23, 208failure 208infection (pyelonephritis) 23, 26, 208stones 22, 23, 111, 117, 208urinary problems 113, 117knees 136-139cartilage, torn 160kneecap (patella) 137, 161knuckles 85kyphosis 97Llabia 114labor, premature 108, 217labyrinthitis 14, 23, 62, 63, 176lactose intolerance 99, 122, 126, 203laryngeal cancer 70, 193laryngitis 71, 193lateral collateral ligament (LCL) tear 136legs 140–43skin, moles and discoloration 34weakness in 102leptospirosis 100, 236leukemia 25, 187leukoplakia 67, 198lichen planus (scarring alopecia) 32, 34, 52, 222labia 114oral 66, 67lichen sclerosus 114, 227ligament sprains and tears 136, 137, 138, 162lightheadedness 48limping, one-sided 20lipoma 36, 79, 95, 226lips 66livedo reticularis 34, 224liver 100cancer 100, 201failure 201flukes 100low blood glucose 42, 219dizziness, fainting, and seizures 15, 17, 48lumpsanal 121breast 95skin 36–37testicular 119lungs 88–89, 93cancer of 70, 88, 93, 96, 195collapse (pneumothorax) 195referred pain 74, 76lupus 189see also systemic lupus erythematosuslupus pernio 65, 224Lyme disease 18, 33, 236lymph nodes 72, 73swollen 69, 79, 111, 187lymphadenopathy 36, 187lymphangitis 141, 187lymphatic disorders 186–89lymphedema 141, 188lymphoma 27, 79, 188Mmacular degeneration 59, 178malabsorption 30, 202malaria 27, 237male bodiesbreast problems 94genitals 118–19urinary and reproductive system disorders 116–17, 210–12malignant melanoma 226malnutrition 25, 197mammary glands 95mastitis 95, 216measles 33, 234Meckel’s diverticulum 106, 203medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury 137, 162medial tibial stress syndrome (shin splints) 140, 163medicationside effects of 24, 31, 38, 43dizziness and falls 14, 21overuse, headaches 48, 166see also drugsmelanoma 35, 37, 226memory problems 42–43men see male bodiesMénière’s disease 14, 23, 62, 63, 176see also benign paroxysmal positional vertigomeningitis 17, 22, 26, 73, 168meniscus tear (torn cartilage) 136mental health disorders 240–43stress 29, 31, 48, 240see also depression; anxiety disordersmeralgia paresthetica 132, 173mesenteric adenitis 106, 188metabolic disorders 219–21metatarsalgia 151, 165middle ear infection (otitis media) 61, 62migraines 22, 49, 51, 59, 166see also head, headachesmilk ducts 95miscarriage 108, 217mitral valve prolapse 91, 182Mittelschmerz 108, 213mobility problems 20–21, 29moles, skin 34–35, 36, 227molluscum contagiosum 37, 228mood changes 38–39Morton’s neuroma 149, 151, 173mouth 66–67, 198multiple sclerosis (MS) 21, 25, 171mumps 50, 73, 233muscle problems 30cramps 20, 161hamstring injuries 130, 134, 139, 163pain 18, 96sprain 93strains and tears 102, 143, 163tension and stress 72, 76muscular atrophy, spinal 162musculoskeletal system disorders 154–65myasthenia gravis 54, 163myocardial infarction (heart attack) 180Nnail disorders 149, 222–31narcolepsy 45, 167nasal polyps 64, 190nausea 22–23nearsightedness 59, 179neck 51, 72–73skin, moles and discoloration 35stiff 163necrosis, avascular 128, 154necrosis, fat 95, 216nerve problems 19, 21nervous system disorders 166–73nerve deafness 62pinched nerves 73, 78nettle rash (urticaria) 32, 223neuralgia 50, 172trigeminal 172neuroma, acoustic 14, 62, 63, 176neuroma, Morton’s 149, 151, 173neuropathy, diabetic 19, 219nightmares and night terrors 45, 241nipple problems 94, 216nodules, vocal cord 192noncancerous bone tumors 155nongonococcal urethritis 118, 218

INDEX253norovirus infection 23, 196nose 64–65nosebleed 65, 190nutrition see also malnutritionnutritional neuropathy 19Oobsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) 40, 242obstructionsbowel 104, 107, 204intestinal 22, 125, 204obstructive sleep apnea 69, 191olecranon bursitis (student’s elbow) 80, 159onycholysis 84onychomycosis (fungal nail infection) 149oral cancer 67, 198oral lichen planus 66, 67, 222orchitis 119, 210Osgood-Schlatter disease 137, 155osteoarthritis 157lower body 128, 136, 144, 147, 149spine 92, 97, 103upper body 75, 77, 81, 82, 85, 87osteoid osteoma 133, 155osteomyelitis (bone infection) 97, 154osteoporosis 97, 103, 154otitis externa 60, 174otitis media with effusion 61, 62, 174otosclerosis 62, 174ovaries 108cancer of 108, 213cysts 108, 109, 213overactive bladder 112, 116, 209overdose, alcohol and drug 17, 239overflow diarrhea 123, 196overflow incontinence 210PPaget’s disease of bone 19, 128, 131, 155pain, general 18–19painful bladder syndrome (interstitial cystitis) 113, 209pale stools 126palsy, facial 54, 173pancreas 96, 101abdominal pain 101back pain 96pancreatic cancer 96, 101, 122, 126, 202pancreatitis 22, 122, 126, 202panic disorder 40, 240parasitic infections 98see also infestationsparathyroid disorders 221Parkinson’s disease 21, 42, 45, 171paronychia (whitlow) 84, 231parotid tumor 50, 198parotitis 50, 198parvovirus 33, 35, 234patella (kneecap) 137, 161patellar tendinitis (jumper’s knee) 137, 164patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) 137, 160pelvis 109, 128pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) 109, 115,213penis 118peptic ulcers 22, 126perforated ulcers 101pericardial effusion 182pericarditis 91, 182period pain (dysmenorrhea) 214peripheral neuropathy 19, 172peritonitis 98, 205pernio (chilblains) 146peroneal tendinitis 145, 148, 164personality disorders 41, 242pertussis 234pharyngitis (viral sore throat) 68, 192phinophyma 223phobias 40, 240photosensitivity 35, 55, 223pilonidal cysts 120, 231pinched nerves (cervical radiculopathy) 73, 78pinworms 121, 238piriformis syndrome 130, 163pitting (nails) 84pityriasis rosea 32, 223placental abruption 108, 217plantar fasciitis 150, 165pleurisy 93, 100, 194plica syndrome 137, 160PMS (premenstrual syndrome) 212pneumonia 26, 100, 194pneumothorax 93, 195poisoning 239food 99, 104, 107polio (poliomyelitis) 234poliomyelitis 234polycystic ovarian syndrome 28, 213polymyalgia rheumatica 18, 20, 161 189, hip pain 130neck and shoulder pain 73, 76, 78thigh pain 133, 135polyps 127, 204fibroepithelial polyp 66nasal 64, 190uterine 115, 215vocal cord 70, 192pompholyx (dyshidrotic eczema) 86, 222popliteal aneurysm 139, 184post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 40, 240posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury 138, 162postherpetic neuralgia 120postnatal depression 39, 242pregnancy 14, 108chloasma 35, 224ectopic 108, 109, 217miscarriage 108, 217placental abruption 108, 217premature labor 108, 217premenstrual syndrome (PMS) 28, 39, 212prepatellar bursitis 137, 159presbycusis 62, 174pressure sores 130, 151, 225primary biliary cholangitis 126, 201proctalgia fugax 121, 206proctitis 121, 127, 206prolapsesmitral valve 91, 182rectal 121, 127, 207uterus and vagina 115, 214prostate 116cancer 116, 117, 212enlarged 212prostatitis 116, 211psoriasis 33, 34, 53, 222psoriatic arthritis 147, 157psychosis 240pterygium 56, 177ptosis 57, 179pulmonary embolism 91, 93, 183pustules 227pyelonephritis (kidney infection) 23, 26, 208chest and back pain 92, 96, 102urinary problems 113, 117Qquadriceps 132Rrashes, skin 32–33Raynaud’s disease 84, 86, 185reactive arthritis 157rectal problemscancer 121, 206prolapse 121, 127, 207referred pain 74, 76reflux see acid reflux (gastroesophageal reflux disease, GERD)repetitive strain injury (RSI) 83, 164reproductive system disorders 208–18respiratory system disorders 190–95restless legs syndrome 20, 45, 141, 143, 162retinal problemsdetachment 59, 178diabetic retinopathy 220retinal blood vessel thrombosis 178retinal vein thrombosis 58

254254254rheumatic fever 136, 144, 184rheumatoid arthritis 157elbow 80, 81forearms, wrists, and hands 82, 83, 85, 87knees, ankles, and feet 136, 144, 147spine 103rhinitis 64, 89, 190rhinophyma 65rib fractures 88, 93, 156ringing, in ears 63ringworm (tinea capitis) infection 52, 230rosacea 33, 35, 55, 223rotator cuff disorders 75, 77, 163roundworm infection 23, 238rubella 33, 233runner’s knee (Iliotibial band syndrome) 136rupturesabdominal aortic aneurysm 96, 102Achilles tendon 145biceps 78, 80eardrum 62, 175ovarian cyst 109tendon 165Ssacroiliac joint dysfunction 131, 159sacrum 130salivary gland problems 198stones 50, 73, 198salmonella 197sarcoma, Ewing’s 133scabies 32, 229scalp 52–53scarlet fever 33, 235scarletina 235schistosomiasis 113, 117schizophrenia 41, 43, 241sciatica 20, 173back and buttock pain 103, 120hip and leg pain 130, 134, 139, 142, 145slipped disc 103, 158scoliosis 97scrotum 119seasonal affective disorder (SAD) 25, 39, 242seasonal allergic rhinitis (hay fever) 190sebaceous cyst 110, 225seborrheic dermatitis 32, 53, 222seborrheic keratosis 34, 35, 37, 228seizures 15, 16–17, 167self-harm 39sensorineural hearing loss 174septic arthritis 27, 128, 136, 144, 157septicemia 26, 234septum, deviated nasal 190Sever’s disease 150, 162sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) 109, 115, 118, 218shigellosis 237shin splints (medial tibial stress syndrome) 140, 163shingles 57, 60, 93, 120, 131, 233shoulders 74–77, 78dislocation of 75, 161frozen 159instability 75, 77, 160sickle cell disease 25, 98, 186sinusitis 49, 64, 191skin problems 55, 222–31abscesses 79, 228cancer 34cysts 36on feet 151on genitals (female) 114on groin 110on hands 86on lower leg 141, 143lumps and bumps 36–37moles and discoloration 34–35rashes 32–33tags 36, 79, 121, 226slapped cheek disease (parvovirus) 55, 234SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus) 189sleeping problems 44–45sleep apnea 44, 69, 191sleep deprivation 43slipped disc 103, 158see also sciaticasnapping hip syndrome 129, 159snoring 44, 69solar keratosis 37, 53, 226sore throat, viral (pharyngitis) 68, 192sorescold sores 229pressure sores 130, 225spine 92, 97curvatures, abnormal 156spinal cancer 97spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) 21, 162spinal polio 20, 234spondylolisthesis 103, 158spondylolysis 103, 154spoon-shaped nails 84spots (vision) 59sprains 81, 93ankle 144ligament 162squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) 37, 226STDs (sexually transmitted diseases) 109, 115, 118, 218strabismus 59, 178stiff neck 72, 73, 163stings, animal 239stomach problems 98, 101cancer 30, 101, 126, 200ulcers 96, 101, 200stonesbladder 113, 116, 117, 210kidney 22, 23, 111, 117, 208 chest and back pain 92, 102parotid (salivary gland) 73, 198tonsil 68, 191stools 98, 126–27stork marks 224strainsgroin 111, 129muscles 143, 163strangulated hernia 111, 119, 204strawberry mark 224stress 29, 31, 48, 240stress fracture 128, 141, 149, 156stress incontinence 112, 209stroke 51, 54, 169confusion 42dizziness and fainting 15mobility 20seizures 17student’s elbow (olecranon bursitis) 80, 159styes (hordeolum) 56, 57, 178subarachnoid hemorrhage 51, 170subconjunctival hemorrhage 56, 177subdural hematoma (SDH) 51, 170substance misuse 243suicidal thoughts 39sunburn 35, 55, 239swellingsankle 145elbow 80lymph nodes 69, 72, 73, 111, 187syringoma 54, 226systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 18, 21, 25, 189nose 65Ttapeworm infestation 31, 238tarsal tunnel syndrome 151, 173TB (tuberculosis) see tuberculosis (TB)tearsligament 162muscle 163teeth 67dental abscesses 49, 54telangiectasia 224telogen effluvium (TE) 52, 230temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJD) 50, 159tendon xanthoma 80, 145tendonsAchilles 145biceps 75, 78, 81big toe 151forearms, wrists, and hands 82, 83, 85, 87

INDEX255patellar (jumper’s knee) 137peroneal 145, 148ruptured 165tendinitis (inflammation of) 145, 164wrist 87tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis) 81, 165tenosynovitis 83, 85, 87, 164tension-type headache 48, 166testicles 119testicular cancer 119, 211testicular torsion 119, 210testicular torsion 119, 210tetanus 27, 235thighs 132–35throat 68–71sore throat, viral (pharyngitis) 68, 192thrombosis 183retinal blood vessel 178retinal vein 58thumbs 86–87trigger thumb 164thyroid gland, enlarged (goiter) 221TIA see transient ischemic attack (TIA)tibia 140, 142tinea cruris (jock itch) 110, 230tinea pedis (athlete’s foot) 149tinnitus 63, 176toddler’s diarrhea 123, 196toes 149hammer toe 165joints 146Morton’s neuroma 151toenails 149, 231turf toe (big toe tendinitis) 151tongue 66, 199tonsils 68inflammation of 192stone 68, 191tonsillitis 68, 192tooth decay 67, 197torn knee cartilage 160torticollis (wry neck) 73, 162total incontinence 209Tourette’s syndrome 41, 243trachoma 57, 177traction alopecia 52, 230transient ischemic attack (TIA) 15, 42, 51, 54, 169trapezius 72trauma, testicular 119trichomonas infection 115, 118trichomoniasis 218trichotillomania 52, 230trigeminal neuralgia 50, 172trigger finger or thumb 86, 164trochanteric bursitis 131, 132, 135, 159tuberculosis (TB) 25, 26, 31, 236chest pain 88tumorsbrain 42, 49, 168Ewing’s sarcoma 133, 155lung 195noncancerous bone 155pain and 18parotid 50, 198turf toe (big toe tendinitis) 151, 164typhoid 26, 235Uulcerative colitis 105, 122, 127, 203ulcers 67diabetic foot 219mouth 198peptic 22, 126perforated 101stomach 96, 101, 200venous 143, 225undernutrition 31, 197urethra 113, 116urethritis 116nongonococcal 118, 218urge incontinence 209urinary problems 208–18blood in urine 23female 112–13incontinence 209male 116–17retention 112, 210urinary tract infection (UTI) 209urticaria 32, 223uterine (womb) cancer 109, 115, 214uterine polyps 115, 215uterus 109prolapse of 214UTI (urinary tract infection) 209uveitis 57, 59, 177Vvagina 109prolapse of 214vaginal bleeding (nonmenstrual) 114, 115vaginismus 215vaginosis, bacterial 115varicella (chicken pox) 233varicocele 119, 211varicose veins 139, 143, 185vasovagal syncope (fainting) 48veinsdeep vein thrombosis (DVT) 143, 184varicose 139, 143, 185venous ulcer 143, 225vertebral fractures 97, 103, 156vertigo 14, 175vestibular neuritis 62, 176vision 58–59blurred 59loss of 58vitiligo 35, 224vitreous detachment 59, 178vocal cord polyps and nodules 70, 192voice 70–71overuse of 70, 192volvulus 104, 107, 204vomit 22–23, 98, 111vulvodynia (vulval pain) 114, 215Wwarts 86, 151, 229anal 121genital 110, 218seborrheic 228viral 37wax (ear) 61, 62, 174weight 28–31whiplash 72, 161whitlow (paronychia) 84whooping cough (pertussis) 234withdrawal, alcohol or drug 17womb 109uterine cancer 109, 115, 214uterine polyps 115, 215women see female bodieswrists 82–83, 85wry neck (torticollis) 73XYZxanthelasma 37, 54, 179yeast infection (candidiasis) 238anus 121female genitals 114, 115male genitals 118oral 66yellowingnails 84skin 35

256PUBLISHERS’ ACKNOWLDGEMENTSDorling Kindersley would like to thank the following people for their help in the preparation of this book: Elizabeth Wise for the index; Katie John for the glossary; Steve Setford for proofreading; Dr. Nicola Renton for additional text; Arran Lewis for additional illustrations; Christopher Rao, Jennifer Watt, and Jonathan Moore for advice on the illustrations; Martyn Page and Claire Gell for additional editorial assistance; Daniel Byrne for administrative help; and Shannon Hach, MD, of STAT editing for consultation on the US edition.All illustrations based on originals by Peter Bull, previously published in The Human Body Colouring Book(DK, 2011). PICTURE CREDITSThe publisher would like to thank the following for their kind permission to reproduce their photographs:(Key: a-above; b-below/bottom; c-center; f-far; l-left; r-right; t-top)155 Science Photo Library: Cavallini James / BSIP. 156 Science Photo Library: Du Cane Medical Imaging Ltd. 157 Science Photo Library: Voisin / Phanie (crb). 158 Science Photo Library: Scott Camazine (clb). 159 Science Photo Library 161 Science Photo Library: . (tr). 165 Science Photo Library: Mike Devlin. 166 Getty Images: Dept. Of Nuclear Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital / Science Photo Library. 167 Science Photo Library: PHT (clb). 168 Science Photo Library: Simon Fraser / Newcastle Hospitals NHS Trust (br). 175 Science Photo Library: CC, ISM (c); Clinica Claros, ISM (cl). 177 Science Photo Library: Western Ophthalmic Hospital. 183 Science Photo Library: (tc). 184 Science Photo Library: St Bartholomew’s Hospital (clb). 185 Science Photo Library: Michelle Del Guercio (cb); Voisin / Phanie (tr). 186 Science Photo Library: Eye Of Science (br); Science Source (c, cr). 188 Science Photo Library: NIBSC. 189 Science Photo Library: ISM (br). 190 Science Photo Library: David M. Phillips. 192 Science Photo Library: Dr. P. Marazzi. 195 Science Photo Library: Du Cane Medical Imaging Ltd (br). 196 Science Photo Library: Centre For Infections / Public Health England. 197 Science Photo Library: BSIP (br); A.B. Dowsett (tr). 198 Science Photo Library: Dr. P. Marazzi. 199 Science Photo Library: Veronika Burmeister, Visuals Unlimited. 200 Science Photo Library: James Cavallini (br). 201 Science Photo Library: Garry Watson. 206 Science Photo Library: Zephyr. 216 Science Photo Library: Zephyr. 218 Science Photo Library: Dr. R. Dourmashkin. 220 Getty Images: Chris Barry / Visuals Unlimited, Inc. (tr). 221 Science Photo Library: (bl). 222 123RF.com: Tracy Hebden (cl). Getty Images: BSIP / UIG (crb). 224 Alamy Stock Photo: Mediscan. 225 Getty Images: BSIP / UIG (br). iStockphoto.com: Cabezonication (tc). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS226 Alamy Stock Photo: RGB Ventures / SuperStock. 227 123RF.com: paulandlara (ca). 228 123RF.com: jarrod1. 229 Alamy Stock Photo: Zoonar GmbH (bl). 230 Alamy Stock Photo: Phanie (tc). Getty Images: Dr. Kenneth Greer (br). 231 Alamy Stock Photo: Hercules Robinson (br). Dreamstime.com: Martin Pelanek (tr). Science Photo Library: Biophoto Associates (c). 232 Science Photo Library: Cavallini James / BSIP. 233 Science Photo Library: ISM (cla); Dr. P. Marazzi (bc). 234 Science Photo Library: Dr. P. Marazzi. 235 Science Photo Library: Moredun Animal Health Ltd. 236 Alamy Stock Photo: Antje Schulte - Spiders and Co. (br). Science Photo Library: ALAIN POL, ISM (tl). 237 Depositphotos Inc: vladvitek. 238 Science Photo Library: Steve Gschmeissner. 240 Dorling Kindersley: Jerry Young. 241 Science Photo Library: Dr. Lewis Baxter (c). 243 Depositphotos Inc: GaudiLab (bc). Dr. Brian McKay / acld.com: (cra).All other images © Dorling KindersleyFor further information see: www.dkimages.com