Ekotecture Quarterly #6

EQ Edition 1 - 5 EQ COMPENDIUM IS NOW AVAILABLE AT THE STATE CHAPTER SECRETERIAT Address: 197 Babs Animashaun Street, Off Bode Thomas Street, Surulere. Contact/Enquiries: 0802 227 9111 Map Here Call for Submissions Call for Sponsors Feedback Call for submissions for the #7 Become an EQ Magazine sponsor If you would like to help support edition of the EQ Magazine. and reach out to a highly qualified the EQ Magazine, and make it bet- Submission should be made to audience from all corners of the ter, Kindly feel free to drop your [email protected]. world. Please contact for Sponsor- feedbacks here at ship at [email protected]. [email protected]. Deadline is 16th August 2019 Photo Credit: www.pexels.com/photo/white-and-black-floral-textile-1793525/

FROM THE CHAIR’S DESK EDITORIAL Dear colleagues, Warm welcome to EQ#6, the first edition by the new Publication committee of NIA Lagos and we I welcome you to this edition of Ekotecture quarterly, the EQ re- are building on the great work done in previous loaded promises to be very exciting. This edition will look at the Eko editions by the Arc. Claude Opara led team. Atlantic City: our new Lagos city with beautiful architecture set to be the beautiful bride of Lagos. In this issue we had Arc. Sunday Kuti write on the In the face of insufficient electricity generation hugely successful LAF 9.0 the 10th edition which and increasing load demand, the need for creat- The Chapter in the last few months has been deeply engaged in held from 8th - 11th of May 2019 at the Eko Hotel ing buildings that are more energy efficient in re- the promotion of Architecture, the just concluded Lagos Architects and Suites, Lagos. The theme of this year’s edi- sponse to this challenges cannot be over empha- Forum was a great conference with new exhibitors and great prod- tion was ‘Architectural Regeneration 2 - The La- sized. The kernel of Arc. Anthony Okoye’s article ucts. The sessions were inspiring and the Design Competition was gos Response. The well attended event also fea- was the need for guidelines for design, construc- the climax of the event with design solutions for the Affordable tured Students’/ Young Architects Competition tion and operation of energy efficient buildings. Home Scheme. There was also a bootcamp for the winners of the based on affordable housing. We are featuring competition to further engage them to work together and learn some of the winners of the design competition Our cover for this issue is the Eko Atlantic City, from others. in this issue. an ambitious project on reclaimed land from the Ocean and fortified by a long sea wall, also The Chapter also sent delegates to the Future Building 2019 held in Architecture is seen as a male dominated profes- known as the Great Wall of Lagos. We traced the Vienna Austria from 4th - 5th June 2019. The team was led by my sion, we sought the perspective of Arc. Yinka Wil- evolution of the Lagos CBD from Marina to Vic- humble self with the Advantage Austria being the host. The pro- liams on challenges that female architects face in toria Island and wondered if Eko Atlantic City will gram was brilliant with a showcase of Austrian Innovation in the pursuit of careers in the profession. It is an article be the new Economic hub of Lagos. Building Industry. We also interacted with companies with good that a lot of our female colleagues can relate to solutions to building problems and also smart solutions to Building. and would be a great resource for young women I wish to express appreciation for the invaluable getting into the field of architecture. support received from Arc. Fitzgerald Umah Great colleagues, the Chapter will continue to be the flagship of the (Chairman NIA, Lagos), the past chairman of the institute with your support and we the Executive will continue to do The fire that engulfed the Norte Dame Church in Publication Committee, Arc. Claude Opara and our best to keep Lagos ahead. Paris created an opportunity to look at issues re- all the members of the new committee. garding restoration and preservation of heritage Thank you and welcome to Ekotecture Quarterly June Edition. buildings. Arc. Olabisi Olumide and Arc. ‘Deremi A lot of work has gone into producing this mag- Akande provided great insights in their article on azine, we hope you enjoy reading it and would this subject. appreciate your comments on any of the articles. Please do send your mails to eqmagazine1@ BY ARC EROMOSELE ANETOR gmail.com. Chairman Publications Committee NIA LSC “This edition will look at the EQ PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE / EDITORIAL TEAM Eko Atlantic City: Our new Lagos city with beautiful architecture set CLAUDE OPARA (ADVISER) to be the beautiful bride of Lagos. ” EROMOSELE ANETOR (CHAIRMAN PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE NIA LSC) SUNDAY KUTI (SECRETARY) ALFRED AGBOOLA (MEMBER) -Arc Fitzgerald Umah CHIAMAKA OSIGWE (MEMBER) MNIA, RIBA, NIA LSC Chairman TOLU AKA (MEMBER) BABALOLA TOBILOBA (MEMBER) 1 2

EQ CONTRIBUTORS ARC. (MRS.) ARC. ANTONY OKOYE ARC OLABISI OLAMIDE Photo Credit: https://leewardists.com/ Photo Credit: Lifeofanarchitect YINKA WILLIAMS Presently the Managing Part- A researcher in Housing Stud- ARCHITOONS Arc. (Mrs.) Yinka Williams is the ner of Design Genre Limited. Mr. ies, an alumnus of the University Managing Director of Fola Alade Okoye practiced architecture of Lagos where she received a Associates, A founding member and urban planning with firms in combined Bachelors in Architec- of Lemon & Feathers, an advoca- the USA, UK and Nigeria in var- ture and Environmental Studies cy group with a quest to use non- ious capacities. He is a recipient B.Arch/B.ES. She is a Chartered invasive interventions and ideas of AIA President award for Design architect with experience in both to “manipulate” the built environ- of a Green Community off the architectural consultancy prac- ment for the ease of living and grid. International Cooperation tice and public service. She is a comfort of the ageing population (GIZ) and the Nigerian Energy full member of the Nigerian Insti- and those living with physical Support Programme (NESP) to tute of Architects (NIA) and is reg- and non-visible impairments. develop Guidelines for Energy istered by the Architects Registra- A Director on the board of Savant Efficiency in Buildings in Nigeria. tion Council of Nigeria (ARCON) . Integrated Concepts, a leading Project Management firm and a member of the Advisory Board of the College of Environmental De- sign of Joseph Ayo Babalola Uni- versity, Ikeji Arakeji in Osun State. Photo Credit: Eko Atlantic Aerial view. ARCHITOONS Quantity Surveyor Design by: Babalola Tobiloba @itsjusttoby_ Photo Credit: www.pinterest.com Photo Credit: https://leewardists.com/ 3 4

CONTENTS LAGOS ARCHITECTS FORUM 2019 – LAGOS 10.0 JUNE 2019 / #6 EKOTECTURE QUARTERLY 06 INNOVATIVE, INSPIRING, IMPACTFUL! The Lagos Architects Forum 2019 with the theme, “Architec- tural Regeneration 2 – The Lagos response”, took place at the Eko Hotel and Suites, Victoria Island, Lagos, from Wednes- day 8th to Saturday 11th May, 2019. The epoch-making annual event has once again, positioned the Lagos State chapter as the flagship chapter of the Nigerian Institute of Architects. 13 09 LAGOS ARCHITECTS FORUM 2019 LAGOS 10.0 17 21 Press briefings and radio programmes Scores of excited Architects were held days before the event by the marched from the National 06 LAGOS ARCHITECTS FORUM 2019 – LAGOS 10.0 Chairman, Arc Fitzgerald Umah, mnia, Stadium through to Jibowu other executive members and guest and back, a distance of about INNOVATIVE, INSPIRING, IMPACTFUL! speakers. A scintillating and thrilling 5 kilometers. They were led in The Lagos Architects Forum 2019 with the theme, “Architectural Regeneration 2 – The Lagos re- road show, tagged “LAF AWARENESS physical exercises before and sponse”, took place at the Eko Hotel and Suites, Victoria Island, Lagos, from Wednesday 8th to Satur- WALK – Every building must have an Ar- after the “WALK” by experts in day 11th May, 2019. chitect, who is your Architect” also took that field. place on the 1st of May 2019. 09 NOTRE DAME CATHEDRAL: A MIRROR OF THE FRENCH SOUL 6 Eminent personalities, special guests, A visitor will value whatever the owner also values or as is commonly said in Lagos, distinguished speakers from home and “whatever name you give to your Bingo (dog) is what others will call it by.“ by Olamide Olabisi abroad, esteemed colleagues including fellows and fathers of the profession, 13 BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENCY national officers of NIA, including the 2nd Vice President, Arc. Enyi Ben-Eboh, Building Energy Efficiency Guideline for Nigeria – fnia, ARCON President, Arc. Dipo Ajayi, Highlights by Anthony Okoye fnia, allied professionals, partners, spon- sors, exhibitors, students, the media and 17 THE CHALLENGES OF WOMEN IN A MALE DOMINATED PROFESSION visitors all grazed the events from the AS ARCHITECTURE: Interview with Arc (Mrs) Yinka Williams beginning to the end. Lagos State gov- ernor, His Excellency, Mr. Akinwunmi 21 EKO ATLANTIC CITY Ambode, fca, was ably represented by the honourable Commissioner for Hous- Eko Atlantic, The new economic hub of Lagos? ing, Mr. Gbolahan Lawal. 27 WINNING ENTRIES: LHDC COMPETITION 2019 1st Place & 2nd Place Winners 5

LAGOS ARCHITECTS FORUM 2019 – THE LAGOS HOME DESIGN LAGOS 10.0 COMPETITION 2019 The programme included events such as Exhibitions, Opening/ The design competition winning entries will form the partnership was a response to this year’s theme closing ceremonies, Keynote speeches/lectures, Roundtable dis- the basis of a tripartite agreement between the of Architectural Regeneration 2. cussions, Parallel sessions, Students Charrette, Networking, Side State Chapter, the Lagos State government and This year’s LAF 10.0 has once again struck a vibrating attractions and Site tours. LAF 10.0 is the 11th edition of Lagos Sterling Alternative Finance for affordable housing chord that further extends the sonorous sound of Architects Forum. Over the years, it has impacted purposefully on design to reduce the housing deficit in Lagos. The the prominent place and position of the Architect in the Built environment and the Construction industry in Nigeria. state will provide the land, the Architects will pro- the Built environment and the Construction indus- vide the chosen design and Sterling Alternative will try. With a new focus on next year’s LAF 11.0 and the It has dealt with areas such as Building Collapse aplications in other countries that could be practi- provide the finance. theme, “Architecture Now, The City of Lagos next 25 The 1st prize in the Associate category went to the years”, The Lagos State chapter of the Nigerian In- (with a policy document titled, Architects Interven- cable in Lagos. team led by Babalola Tobiloba with a design titled stitute of Architects is championing the awareness “Ile Tiwa Tiwa”. The 2nd prize was won by the team campaign for the sustainability of the Built environ- tion Program), Architectural Practices and Partner- led by Daniel Osuala with a design titled “Rubicks ment and the Architect as the indisputable Leader Village”. According the State Chairman, and professional. ship, threats to the traditional roles and future of LAF 10.0 also focused on Affordable Housing with Architectural practices, new technology, materials the aim of proffering solution to the ever increas- and products in the Construction Industry, discover- ing housing need in Lagos and Nigeria in general. ing and exposing Students of Architecture through The Students’/Young Architects’ Competition was seminars and Design Competitions, educating the based on AFFORDABLE HOME DESIGN, in order to general public on the roles of Architecture, the Ar- challenge the mindset of the upcoming architects chitects and other allied professionals. towards the need to consciously recognize the need This year’s edition aimed at building on previous for housing for the low-income earners. The compe- ones. It addressed the issue of urban renewal and tition was sponsored by Sterling Alternative Finance, Regeneration, with a focus on the City of Lagos and a brand of Sterling Bank PLC. There were monetary its teeming population, and in particular, Lagos Is- prizes for the winner, the runner-ups and other con- View of the winning entries on land. Guest Speakers, home and abroad, present- solation prizes. page 27 and 28 for more Informa- ed models of global solutions, based on successful tion. From Left to Rght: Arc Fitzgerald Umar, MD sterling Bank, Babalola Oluwatobiloba. ( Winner, Ile Tiwa Tiwa Prefessional Category ) At the exhibition One of the parallel sessions 7 8

Our Lady in History authenticity. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1991 and is the most visited mon- Notre Dame has had a celebrated history. Borne ument in France, averaging 30,000 visitors daily in out of a the summer months. commission by Maurice Sully, Bishop of Paris, con- What then does this have to do with us as profes- struction started in 1163 with a foundation stone sionals and people of Nigeria? Every stage of this laid by Pope Alexander III and continuing to 1345. unfolding event has deep relevance to our current Over a total of four phases, the construction which situation. began with the choir included structural repairs and the rebuilding of the Episcopal palace at its last phase. NOTRE DAME CATHEDRAL: A MIRROR OF THE FRENCH SOUL Admired as one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture, Notre-Dame is 130m by 48m in Ask the average Nigerian to of red, orange and gold and its plan. The 35m high vaulted ceiling leads the view- Image © ‘Deyemi Akande er’s eyes to three world-acclaimed stained glass name a famous French build- glory covered in black soot after windows which separately Notre-Dame In Lagos? Let us consider what the scenario would have been ing and the odds will be in fa- the energy of the fire was extin- Approach to Notre Dame if Notre-Dame was built on Nigerian soil. If it was portray Biblical texts. Bishop Sully’s desire to have lucky enough to have been listed as a monument vour of the Eiffel Tower. The guished. a light-filled church ‘reaching to the heavens’ is re- what would have been the response to its immi- puted to be the reason for the magnificent vaulted nent destruction by fire? We must note that the steel behemoth paid tribute to interior. cathedral was undergoing repairs when the blaze began. This obviously indicates funding designed a feat of engineering and se- The Fire, the French The resultant roof however was too heavy to be car- to ensure its longevity. Our agencies – the Nation- ried by conventional structural methods. The solu- al Commission for Museums and Monuments cured France’s entry and partic- The historic spire was de- tion to curb the inevitable spreading of the walls and the Lagos State Ministry of Tourism, Arts and from the enormous weight of the lead-covered Culture - do not appear to have the wherewithal ipation into the industrialised stroyed and other parts were roof bearing down was the introduction of flying to replicate even periodic maintenance of the few buttresses (similar to those at Christ’s Cathedral, listed buildings in Lagos State, how much more re- age. But to the average Parisian also affected even while the Marina) but topped with drainage channels ending spond to a fire disaster. with gargoyles – ornate grotesque carved spouts - within whose domain the Eiffel much-needed restoration proj- to channel damaging rainfall away from the absor- Photo Credit: Huy Phan, www.pexels.com bent ashlar stone structural material. is located, industry is important ect was going on. As terrible as “We must note Gargoyles that the cathe- but there is something deeper. the fire was, it almost paled into The 100m tall spire was removed during the 18th dral was under- century French revolution and several parts were going repairs insignificance by the weight of destroyed by numerous acts of vandalism that in- when the blaze cluded removal of twenty-eight statues of what began. This Something that is intangible, the collective response from were considered to be French kings but are actual- obviously indi- ly Biblical figures, specifically ancestors of Jesus as cates funding unquantifiable, unexplainable corporate bodies, influential mentioned in St. Matthew’s gospel. designed to en- sure its longevi- and deep seated within the persons, governments, and also The 1844 restoration by Viollet le-Duc included ty.” replacement of the spire and repairs to the rose consciousness of the people; the man on the street. windows, requiring the learning of a lost 16th cen- tury glass and metalwork skill to maintain period old and young. . The heart and Image © ‘Deyemi Akande soul of France was mortally While the outpouring of emo- “Ask the average Nigerian to name wounded when on 15 April the tion was remarkable, the fact a famous French building and the edifice that had withstood that the regrettable incident odds will be in favour of the wars and enjoyed peace was was followed immediately by Eiffel Tower.” caught up in flames. monetary commitments to re- The Cathedral of Notre Dame store the edifice from a wide was forcibly enveloped in hues variety of contributors creates monetary commitments to re- store the edifice from a wide variety of contributors creates a scenario that speaks to the city’s value system and that is worthy of study. Image © ‘Deyemi Akande Photo Credit: Huy Phan, www.pexels.com 9 10

Photo Credit: Adrienn, www.pexels.com The status of France as a G7 nation notwithstanding, the citizen’s col- lective grief borne out of a sense of loss of ‘Our Lady of Paris’ shows “We operate in an environ- of hose which was unable to deliver water to douse more than a love for old buildings. It tells of a willingness to build on ment that does not acknowl- the flames. the past. It tells of the understanding that our today is inexplicably edge or accord recognition There is no comprehensive plan of action for the connected to and a product of our yesterday and that we are already to physical built environment specific issues that concern heritage building deg- making what others will term history, today. features that reflect a past radation. historical period” We operate in an environment that does not ac- Why are we afraid of our history? knowledge or accord recognition to physical built The unity in both the commonly felt grief at the incident and the de- environment features that reflect a past historical sire to contribute to its restoration amongst diverse citizens of Paris period. and others in France and beyond is what makes the difference be- tween a country and a nation. A sense of worth, pride and value is The timber component of our ornate Afro-Brazilian Reminiscent of George Orwell’s Animal Farm, our self-instituted as a philosophy by true leaders not rulers. This collec- and conservatively styled Saro houses should be design and therefore philosophical mantra seems tive value system ensures progress towards the future and constant reason enough for them to be placed on a ‘watch to be ‘old is bad, new is good’ and this has impact- recognition of achievements of those who enabled the foundations list’ so they do not suffer the fate of the magnifi- ed on the lack of reverence for our heritage archi- of what is being enjoyed today. cent first 3-storey Afro-Brazilian edifice known as tecture which is depleted daily - with impunity – by Ebun House on Odunfa street built in 1914, which a people who refuse to see the value in the work of A visitor will value whatever the owner also values or as is commonly was razed in the 1980’s. In more recent times has craftsmen of an earlier time. said in Lagos, ‘whatever name you give to your Bingo (dog) is what there been any concerted rehabilitation for even others will call it by.’ Let us decide what we want to be known for contemporary buildings in Lagos? The 32-storey The consequence of this is that all the current icon- and respect that which was before our time. We must encourage dis- NET tower on Marina that went up in flames on 24 course about the precious little that remain of our heritage and pro- January 1983 is a case in point. ic glass-and-steel mega-structures we drool over mote our built heritage, instead of dancing youth as embodiments of our continuing journey towards nationhood. We must challenge the The inferno reportedly was inadvertently assisted today will likely not last beyond a 30-year gener- creativity of younger minds to adaptive reuse projects of iconic build- by unprepared firemen who used the wrong type ings and not be afraid of the undercurrent of change, patriotism, and ation as we attempt to satiate our desire for only awareness of history it may bring. Architecture transforms more than landscapes. Why don’t we allow it the new. We will permanently alter our urban land- transform people too in Nigeria? scape and further make irreverent our indigenous Olabisi Olumide mnia ‘Deyemi Akande Ph.D local developmental history. Lagos May 2019. 11 images © ‘Deyemi Akande “A visitor will value whatever the own- er also values or as is commonly said in Lagos, ‘whatever name you give to your Bingo (dog) is what others will call it by.’ Let us decide what we want to be known for and respect that which was before our time.” Photo Credit: Huy Phan, www.pexels.com 12

Building Energy Efficiency Building Energy Efficiency Guideline for Nigeria – Highlights Guideline for Nigeria – Cont architect. The two main objectives which in- form the design in Nigeria are: to minimise heat The design of energy efficient buildings is beyond gains into the building; and to promote heat loss the skills and expertise of only architects and, where possible. On larger sites it is possible to cre- therefore, the integrated design process becomes ate a microclimate around a building through the an essential tool for the effective incorporation of use of landscaping and vegetation. Orientation of expertise across different disciplines. IDP Process buildings so that the majority of windows face involves the following steps: Build a collaborative, approximately North and South is crucial open-minded team with communication skills in reducing solar gains. early in the process – all consultants and stake Photo Credit: Stock Image, www.google.com/buildingenergyefficiency holders; Establish the energy efficiency targets at an early stage; Lifecycle costs (operation and This guideline was developed as a contribution efficient buildings result not only in less environ- capital costs) should be adopted when budget- to the global effort to combat climate change as mental impact but are also economically sustain- ing; and an interactive design process including well as addressing Nigeria’s insufficient electricity able and resilient. The building sector accounts innovation, synthesis and decision making based generation and increasing load demand. It aims for the majority of electricity consumption in Ni- on agreed objectives. Design workshops and cha- to give practical advice to professionals in Nige- geria. Energy in Nigeria is sourced from: 0.4% hy- rettes take place at the concept development ria on how to design, construct and operate more dro; 17% oil/gas; and 82% biofuel & waste (mainly phase. energy efficient buildings. The guideline also firewood) aims to educate the general public about energy Energy Objectives in the Building Sector of Ni- “The design of energy efficient efficiency measures and provides clients with in- Integrated Design Process(IDP): The process of geria buildings is beyond the skills formation that help them choose energy efficient Planning an Energy Efficient Building Energy efficiency in buildings is the main target, and expertise of only architects buildings. Currently in Nigeria, building designs are usually which goes hand-in-hand with the following ob- and, therefore, the integrated developed using a linear and conventional design jectives: Liveable buildings, more comfortable design process becomes an es- The Federal Ministry of Power, Works and Hous- process. An architect is appointed and delivers a and healthy; Resilient buildings and with reduced sential tool for the effective in- ing (Housing) (FMPWH) in collaboration with concept and scheme design with limited input dependence on energy supply; Economically vi- corporation of expertise across the Nigerian Energy Support Programme (NESP), from other specialists. Structural, Mechanical and able and affordable buildings with lower capital, different disciplines.” Arup, GIZ, European Union and Design Genre de- Electrical engineers are appointed at the detailed operation and maintenance costs. veloped this guidelines through meetings and design stage to provide their expertise in line with Energy Efficiency strategy steps: Minimise energy 14 workshops with relevant stakeholders as well as the design provided but have no role in shaping demand, through climate adaptive design (pas- literature review of relevant case studies and con- the design for optimisation in operation. sive design) taking into account local conditions cepts. The guideline is technically divided into two and microclimates; Increase efficiency of systems parts – passive strategies and Active elements. “The guideline also aims to - Improving mechanical systems, appliances and The structure of the guideline follow the what, educate the general public lighting efficiency; and Cover remaining energy why and how about energy efficiency in Nigeria. about energy efficiency mea- demand with renewable energy - given the large Solutions were tested on the two main climatic sures and provides clients with renewable energy capacity of the country, use re- zones of the country – the hot and dry(North) and information that help them newable energy sources to substitute fossil fuel the hot and humid(South). choose energy efficient build- energy whenever possible. ings.” Introduction to Energy Efficiency in Buildings Bioclimatic Building Design: Concepts Energy efficient buildings are those which con- Bioclimatic architecture can be defined as design sume less energy while maintaining or even im- based upon climate considerations and attempt- proving the comfort conditions for their occu- ing to achieve physical comfort for occupants pants compared to standard buildings. Energy with minimum use of resources, while taking into account behavioural and psychological aspects. It does not impose any particular style on the 13

Authors Image Tools for Designing Energy Efficient Building dentials, or a client can specify a desired rating Numerous tools have been developed across the as part of their brief to ensure that they obtain world to help the decision making process, guid- a building with sustainable features. It is hoped ing design teams and future occupants. This sec- that the residential tools being introduced by tion includes a preliminary shortlist of tools that the Green Building Council of Nigeria (GBCN) will can contribute to green building design. The gain traction and become popular in the residen- tools include: Whole Building Design Tools - Athe- tial market. Until a local rating is available, Green na, Green Building Studio, Eco-Bat’ IES Virtual En- Star and LEED would seem best suited for build- vironment; and Energy efficiency tools – eQuest, ing certification in Nigeria, although the challeng- Energy Plus, Design Builder, Passive House Plan- es of using international rating schemes should ning Package. not be underestimated. Outline of rating systems: BREEAM; LEED; Green Star; Passivhaus; EDGE; Sustainability Certification and GBCN. Certification schemes aim to assess buildings in a quantitative and unbiased way, producing a -Anthony Okoye May 2019. simple score or rating. This can be used either to CEO Design Genre demonstrate the building’s environmental cre- tems; Solar Hot Water (SHW) - use sunlight to “The design of energy efficient buildings is beyond the skills and ex- heat domestic water; Wind turbines; and Bio fuel pertise of only architects and, therefore, the integrated design process - firewood is widely used in Nigeria, but is leading becomes an essential tool for the effective incorporation of expertise to deforestation and therefore is not encouraged. across different disciplines.” Bio-gas (methane) can be generated from organ- ic waste and can be a useful fuel source especially in rural areas. Active Systems – Mechanical and Electrical Result of the analysis of case studies ARCHITOONS The active mechanical and electrical systems in The analysis on various case studies, represented buildings should be made more energy efficient. three different scenarios, the first scenario, where In terms of cooling, once passive strategies have basic energy efficiency measures including bio- succeeded in alleviating external heat sources, climatic design best practices such as improved the next step is to reduce internal gains such as building orientation, façade design, enhanced those from lighting and equipment. This reduc- natural ventilation, efficient lighting and selec- es cooling demand which should be matched tion of insulating materials were included; an en- with energy efficient cooling systems. hanced scenario where highly efficient façade and mechanical systems were added, and a Renewable Energy (RE) Technologies third scenario where renewable systems were Renewable energy can be defined as energy included. The results showed that the first sce- whose source is replenished naturally on a hu- nario comprising basic design measures already man timescale. Once demand has been reduced enabled very significant energy savings, these by passive design and the necessary mechanical measures achieved energy consumption reduc- and electrical systems have been designed and tions of 40% at the very least which increased to selected to optimise their performance and effi- 75% against the business as usual buildings when ciency, energy generation from RE sources can improved envelope and efficient systems were further improve building performance. Key Re- included. According to the results, the addition newable Energy Strategies: Photovoltaic (PV) Sys- of PV panels could contribute to reduce electric- ity generation from fossil fuel sources. Renewable energy from PV panels could satisfy between 18% and 100% of the annual electricity demand” Source: Google Images Source: www.Leewardists.com 15 16

“THE CHALLENGES Ekotecture Quarterly: What has been the impact like Architecture and Engineering. You just have OF WOMEN IN A of male domination in the profession of Architec- to like these professions enough to hang in there. MALE DOMINATED ture on your career? Other than that, women are actually quite cre- PROFESSION AS ative. Another factor is the time required to com- ARCHITECTURE” Arc. (Mrs.) Yinka Williams: I guess that the train- plete the training is too long and discouraging. ing of Architecture inadvertently prepares women substantially for a lot of resilience and so usually, Ekotecture Quarterly: What challenges did you nothing really comes by surprise in most cases. At encounter as you built your career and how do the best of times, I have more often than not been you balance other aspects of your life. the only female wherever I worked, from working with my dad, to working at Nigerite Limited where Arc. (Mrs.) Yinka Williams: I was raised by a fa- at my grade level, I was the only female among ther who expected me to produce results when- thirty two or so other men in the Marketing De- ever I was given any assignment to carry out. He partment. Mind you, these men were all from wanted me to drive the way finding myself, and diverse backgrounds, QS, Engineering, Business always instruct me to, “Go and be resourceful!” or Admin, Marketing, etc. Most site workers that we “Go and use your initiative! come across in Nigeria are men, we still don’t have female roofers, carpenters, plumbers, electricians, masons, tillers, painters, etc. Arc (Mrs) Yinka Williams Interview with Or let me re-phrase that, I have not met them Arc (Mrs) Yinka Williams yet. The construction sites are where the dispar- ity between men and women and the impact of Ekotecture Quarterly: tween my Dad, and his colleagues. So I knew the male domination are most obvious. But then, Hello ma, may we meet you that women had long since studied Architecture, we now have female mechanics and hopefully Engineering, and Medicine. This inspired me to we will begin to see more women on the field in Arc. (Mrs.) Yinka Williams: My name is Arc. (Mrs.) choose to study Architecture after which I was construction soon enough in the construction in- Yinka Williams (nee Fola-Alade), I was born in posted to the then Lagos State Ministry of Works dustry. Pertaining to my own case specifically, the Ibadan in Oyo State, i hails from Aramoko Ekiti in and Transport in Alausa where I carried out my domination of males in the industry was not an Ekiti State. I completed O and A Levels at Christ’s NYSC Primary assignment with Arc. (Mrs.) Bukky issue, but then I hope to encourage more women School Ado Ekiti and the Federal Government Ejiwunmi, PPNIA, FNIA while she was the Chief into the fold. College Ijanikin, Lagos respectively. Then stud- Architect. She was the first female Architect that i ied Architecture at the prestigious Ahmadu Bello got to know closely. Ekotecture Quarterly: Why do you suppose University, Zaria fewer women are attracted to Architecure? Ekotecture Quarterly: Why did you decide to Ekotecture Quarterly: How did the dominance of Arc. (Mrs.) Yinka Williams: A million-dollar ques- “I was raised by a father who study Architecture? males during your time in the school impact on tion! looking at a few professions where there are expected me to produce re- you? equal ratios of men and women such as Law, Ac- sults whenever I was given Arc. (Mrs.) Yinka Williams: I grew up in a very countancy, Insurance, Banking, etc. I will like to any assignment to carry out. creative homestead and fascinating environment Arc. (Mrs.) Yinka Williams: Studying at the pres- assume that there must have been some things He wanted me to drive the that impacted me. My father, Chief (Arc.) Fola tigious Ahmadu Bello University in Samaru, Zaria that attracted more women to these professions. way finding myself, and al- Alade, OFR was constantly either adding exten- from 1981-86, there were seven girls in our class of Why fewer women attracted to Medicine, Archi- ways instruct me to, “Go and sions to all his houses, or modifying and retrofit- about eighty. Which must have been the highest tecture, the Engineering, Surveying, etc? Quite be resourceful!” or “Go and ting parts of them. His official residence in Ikoyi number of females in any of the classes that were frankly, I am not quite sure myself. Besides the te- use your Initiative!” where we grew up was radically different from the ahead of my set while I was in Zaria. Some sets dious time it takes to complete these courses of other official prototype duplexes on that street by had one, two or three girls only in their class if any. study, the nature of these jobs and the lifestyles the time we moved out ten years after. So I picked Women were always greatly outnumbered, but of the professionals that engage in them may ap- up the interest in many things around our home we found our colleagues all across the classes very pear daunting and tasking. and on construction sites while growing up. My easy to relate and work with because we carried dad’s old drawing board was nested in a corner out many projects in groups. So, we hardly felt Doctors are on call for days back to back, the Sur- of his bedroom so i saw him at work a great deal. that we were in the minority. Instead, we bonded veyor or Geologist is far away in the bush for days, closely and still do thirty-three years out of school. and Architect is on one or more sites all day or for However, I recall hearing names such as Arc. Joy many days. So I reckon that most ladies may pre- Nsolo, Arc. P. N. F. Olumide, Arc. Dada Marquis 17 fer to take to other lifestyle-friendly professions (MMD), Arc. Doris Spiff and Arc. Gillian Hopwood more easily. It was obvious from our school days being mentioned in conversations at home be- that studio life was very copious in the professions 18

Source: Arc Tolu Aka on a site visit bine the task of managing the homefront (now Ekotecture Quarterly: What challenges do you colloquially termed the profession of “Domestic foresee in the profession for women? Engineering”) with all its own attendant issues, -Arc Yinka Williams and my professional life concurrently. It was very Arc. (Mrs.) Yinka Williams: Male domination is Managing Director of Fola Alade Associates, tough in the beginning, but quite frankly, I can’t not a serious challenge for most female Architect, May 2019. sacrifice one aspect of my life for the other. I have indeed there is no competition or comparison be- been married for almost twenty nine years now, tween the two or known medical fact that there so I make bold to say that I have come full circle is any difference between the brain of a man and in joggling life in which I am still mastering every- that of the woman, much as they are two clearly thing. Women may have to make choices along different human beings. But we have to look at with life’s challenges, perhaps our physiology and the declining number of female to male ratio criti- gender may get in the way of some tasks and life- cally; many women are also migrating from Archi- style. We can always be creative about how we tecture after spending so long to train at school. adapt to things. Ekotecture Quarterly: Will you encourage more For cultural and religious reasons, where women women to study Architecture? Architects are preferred for some jobs unless the job requires some extraneous physical fitness or “THE CHALLENGES OF WOMEN Arc. (Mrs.) Yinka Williams: Oh yes of course, one stamina, cultural, religious or intimate matters. Source: Arc Tolu Aka on a site visit IN A MALE DOMINATED thing is for sure, whoever studies Architecture The balance of home life with work especially PROFESSION AS ARCHITECTURE” must first have the interest and desire to so, be- when raising young children. It becomes tougher cause it is not a walk in the park at all, be it for for women to cope with any job unless they find a Interview with Arc (Mrs) Yinka Williams - Cont women or men. All said, I have found most women way around daily domestic issues. In my own case, who have emerged Architects to be very strong, I could not have been travelling up and down to And that ginger me to become creative at finding bold, often organized, very creative and tena- carry out any work when I had young children to solutions to things. While working at Nigerite Lim- cious. As a result, they are often quite resourceful raise. These are some of the things that I feel may ited in the nineties, the first daunting task that I and can attain decision-making positions at their pose a challenge to women, and there are now was faced with was my boss requesting that we places of work. In view of this however, I will en- many creative ways to joggle life and keep afloat. wrote our reports only about facts that we had ob- courage women to not only be solution providers, served on site by ourselves, and not hear say from but to also make an impact on their communi- Ekotecture Quarterly: What advise do you have our carpenters. Apparently that implied that I had ties. Yes, they can be a Zaha Hadid if they so desire for women in the architectural profession? to climb every roof that I worked on. I remember to. But then they must possess the staying power going to Arc. (Mrs.) Bukky Ejiwunmi in Alausa to coupled with the mental, emotional and physical Arc. (Mrs.) Yinka Williams: I will like to encour- complain thinking there must be a way to exempt fitness levels required to get through the study age women in Architecture to take a global look a lady (myself) from such “hard life” work. period required and all through life. at their counterparts and how involved they are with everything up to the boardroom. It is some- She gave me a good talking to, “Is it not with their “whoever studies Architecture times not enough to be cerebral; tenacity, a posi- legs that the men will climb the roof, you too bet- must first have the tive focus, and staying power will take women in ter go there and do the same, go and start climb- interest and desire to so, because the industry to anywhere they desire to reach. I ing,” and she sent me on my merry way. Subse- it is not a walk in the park at all, know the impact of Architecture and how it adds quently, learning the art of dealing with my other be it for women or men. All said, a lot of value to many areas of life apart from pro- thirty two male colleagues, those in the other de- I have found most women who viding solutions to Lifestyle issues. partments of the organization, and the company have emerged Architects to be drivers and carpenters who all my work depended very strong, bold, often orga- “For cultural and religious reasons, where women Architects on. So, yes I could climb roofs, and no, I could not nized, very creative and tena- are preferred for some jobs unless the job requires some ex- use the hammer or drive the company trucks. Our cious.” traneous physical fitness or stamina, cultural, religious or in- overall boss once said that he had never expect- timate matters. ed me to last beyond two weeks in the company, I will like to encourage women in Architecture to take a glob- shortly after I started working there. Till date, I do al look at their counterparts and how involved they are with have to handle several men in the course of my everything up to the boardroom.” daily work, and there are many ways to skin a cat, so there is always a way out (laugh). 20 Being a wife and mother means that I must com- 19

With Lagos Island as the previous capital of the and luxury condominiums can be seen dominat- state, growth in its financial capacity, as well as ing the Victoria Island skyline, transforming the growth in technology especially the construction industry, gave rise in the number of high-rise build- wa“y Ibtluiet-cihsip aanndticotihpear tseucdcestsofulhcoomupsaenies ings in Lagos Island, particularly Marina. There was a gradual shift of the economic/ financial power conduct business. However, the drawback of VI are hub to Marina as the headquarters of major institu- tions were located in this area such as NITEL House trafafitc colengaessttion,2d5il0ap,0id0at0ion orfesinifdraestnrutcsture which was considered Africa’s tallest building and andafnlododainng aenxdpnoescptaecedfodr acoimlymfulonawl gaothfer- home to some magnificent sculpture, ing like a park. 200,000 commuters moving to the new city to make a liv- ing” EKO ATLANTIC The General Post Office building, CMS bookshop The relocation (consciously or unconsciously) of house and the Anglican Church. In fact, it was un- the economic hub isn’t a foreign concept and not Eko Atlantic City: The new economic hub of Lagos? arguably considered as the king of property in- exclusive to Lagos state. Other areas around the vestment prior to the relocation of the seat of the world have experienced this economic shift at one The central business district of Lagos state which Eti-Osa, Amuwo-Odofin and Apapa. Federal Government to Abuja. However due to the time or the other. For example, experts have is the business heart of Lagos has been ‘relocat- rise of miscreants, street trading, market activities, noticed a trend in Nairobi where big companies ed’ over the years as development improves in the These areas were the financial heart of the state traffic congestion and the general dilapidation of are relocating from the city’s central business dis- state. The trend can be seen in the earlier years as the most profitable and booming business at infrastructure, we again saw the movement of the trict for alternative areas like Upper Hill, Westlands, when Lagos was considered a port city as it was the time (importation and exportation of materi- economic power house from Marina to Ikoyi / Vic- and parts of Kilmani in Kenya. It was reported that a collection of islands which are the present day als and goods) were located in those areas. toria Island. multinational companies like Coca Cola, Standard Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Lagos Island, Victoria Island is presently regarded as the pre- Chartered Bank and World Bank have all relocated ferred and foremost business destination; hosting their corporate address from Nairobi and Grade B a diverse mix of large corporations, SMEs, indige- office space in the CBD remains largely occupied nous and multinational organizations. by smaller local corporates. It is home to the headquarters of financial giants This relocation is as a result of poor amenities, in- like such as Guaranty Trust Bank, Ecobank, Zenith flux of hawkers and the heavily congested and di- Bank etc. Today, many premium, high-rise offices lapidated Central Business District. This trend can also be seen in Mumbai as the Eco- Source: www.Lewardist.com nomic Times in 2017 tweeted ‘‘#mumbai central business district no longer a hit with companies”. This is because by year 2020 domestic corporations are expected to move up the value chain and as a result give its staff more attractive and conducive working environment which might be impossible to do in Mumbai due to challenges like traffic con- gestion, sanitation, pollution, etc. 22 21

in the construction of Eko Boulevard are inter- • Eko Drive ( lilac & purple on map) theatre and cinema and shopping centers will be locking pre-cast concrete paving blocks made in The Eko Drive is a well-designed mix of commer- provided. Tree lined boulevards, the ocean front an on-site factory. The 80mm thick interlocking cial and residential developments, providing swift promenade, canals and the marina will provide blocks are designed to carry a heavy load of traffic commuter access between the city of Lagos and spaces for people to relax after their daily business stretching over the 420m length of the Boulevard. Eko Atlantic. and stress. Parking in the streets will not be per- • Harbour Lights (Red/Horse red on map) mitted as all buildings will have parking garages. With the construction of Eko Atlantic City at this • Marina District (Grey on Map) Similar to the Eko drive, the Harbour Lights is a Recently the United State Consul-General in La- time, it can be assumed that we are witnessing The marina district from the meaning of its name cohesive blend of commercial and residential de- gos, Mr John Bray announced that the US govern- development of the new economic hub of the is one of the most stunning residential and com- velopments overlooking the entrance to Lagos ment has secured about 1,000 hectares of land on state. Situated on a 10million square meters of re- mercial hubs in Eko Atlantic. It is specially de- Harbor and the Atlantic Ocean. the Eko Atlantic City in Lagos. Other companies claimed land from the ocean and fortified by the signed for mixed use development with a sweep- like Afren PLC , Orlean Invest have commenced now famous 8.5km long wall popularly known as ing pedestrian promenade that encircles the • Ocean Fronts (Yellow on map) construction. the “Great Wall of Lagos”, Eko Atlantic is predicted marina that would offer breath taking views from As the name implies the Ocean Front stretches to be the size of Manhattan’s skyscraper district the sleek yachts to the dazzling architecture. It is along the coastline of Eko Atlantic, with breath- Despite all the promising feats Eko Atlantic City and upon completion it is anticipated to house expected to become a center for leisure and social taking views of the Atlantic Ocean. Ocean front is expected to achieve in the future, the project at least 250,000 residents and an expected daily activities. is a residential area with tree-lined streets and a has been greatly criticized by local residents and flow of 200,000 commuters moving to the new variety of outstanding facilities for residents and several experts. According to David Damiano the city to make a living. • Downtown (cream/beige on map ) tourists. most frequent criticism of Eko Atlantic is that it Eko Atlantic is zoned into the following district: The epicenter of Eko Atlantic with highly desir- will be highly susceptible to rising tides, as it is able space for development is called the down- The project is privately funded by South Energyx based on an artificial sandbar directly adjacent town. This district provides opportunities to de- Nigeria Limited a subsidiary of Nigeria Based Cha- to the ocean. Experts have questioned what will velop lands for residential purposes, yet offering goury Group of companies working in partnership happen when water moves towards the built wall a sought-after-style of the city life. The Downtown with the Lagos State Government and support- as the water will either move left or right or look district is surrounded by the canal thus providing ed by the Federal Government of Nigeria. Nota- for a weak spot, with a city composed of a series an alternative water transport system. ble and International financial institutions have of islands, this could be disastrous. The surround- capitalized on the opportunities such as FCMB, ing areas are not only unprotected by the wall, but First Bank, Access Bank and Guaranty Trust Bank are lower in sea level than Eko Atlantic meaning with the support of BNP Paribas Fortis and KBC. the water would naturally move to those areas. Dr. The project team for the project comprises of: MZ Blumberg asked “With sea walls, you have to fig- Architects as Architects, Dar Al-Handasah ( Shair ure out what you’re protecting against”. and partners) as Engineers, Royal Haskoning as consultant marine engineers, , AR+H architects as affiliated contractors. • The Business District (Orange on map) • Avenues (green on map) The Eko Atlantic city slogan ‘live and work’ as well The Business district is expected to contain the The Avenue districts is located centrally at the as the intentional attempt to have a self-suffi- district’s main feature which is the EKO BOULE- heart of the city. It connects the Eko Drive from cient and sustainable city implies that there is a VARD, (2km Long and 60m wide). The boulevard the north, ocean front to the south and down- conscious effort from the planning to the imple- would accommodate areas of inspirational devel- town to the west. Thereby accommodating both mentation stage for the city to have its own power opment and also a powerhouse for financial, retail residential and commercial properties. generation, water supply, waste water treatment, and corporate activities. The materials adopted solid waste management, fiber optics commu- nication systems, good road network and under- ground surface drainage pipes across the new city. There are also efforts to ensure pleasant living condition by ensuring a sound demographic dis- tribution so as to limit emissions to its surround- ing environment. Public Facilities like schools, hospitals, religious houses, recreational and leisure facilities such as 23 24

Location map showing the Eko Atlantc City 4. http://www.travelstart.com.ng/blog/the-city-of- lagos-then-and-now/ Expected Views of the EAC Maga Project 5. https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/ Documents/Environmental-and-Social-Assess- Experts generally agreed that the Eko Atlan- Proposed Skyline of the Eko Atlantic City ments/Nigeria_ Eko_ Atlantic_ ESIA _ ESMP_ Sum- tic City project lacks transparency, participation mary.pdf and doesn’t always adhere to the rule of law. It 6. https://www.ekoatlantic.com/why-eko-atlantic/ was also stated that the EIA report was submit- master-planning/ ted three years after the commencement of the 7. https://www.ekoatlantic.com/latestnews/ dredging activities. This brings up concerns about press-clipping/eko-atlantic-city-worlds-biggest- the testing of the tide and wind strength before project/ commencement to ensure proper design that will 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eko_Atlantic#Mile- withstand the forces. It can be said that factors for stones the design considered by the foreign experts is 9. https://cbd.lagosstate.gov.ng/ questionable. The need to ensure that the devel- 10. http://saharareporters.com/2017/12/02/why-eko- opers be responsible for the long term negative atlantic-city-very-bad-idea-david-damiano impact of the project cannot be over emphasized. Despite the above, the question still remains “is Ongoing construction at the Eko Atlantic city Eko Atlantic city the new economic hub of Lagos state?” A view of the Eko Atlantic: The dualised road While it is safe to say that Eko Atlantic city has all Read more at: that it requires to become the economic hub of 1. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/article- the state, it is important to note that Victoria Is- show/65145388.cms?f rom=mdr&utm_source=- land houses financial giants in the state and there contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_cam- is still a sense of prestige that comes with owing paign=cppst a property in Victoria Island. It is still regarded as a prime location due to easy access to other resi- 2. http://www.coolgeography.co.uk/gcsen/Mum- dential and recreational facilities and good secu- bai_Challenges.php rity level is an added bonus. https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/business/arti- cle/2001250177/why-nairobi-city-centre-no-lon- As we watch the development unfold, there is a ger-at-ease chance that we would witness a move in Lagos CBD or Lagos state will take a cue from New York 3. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/mum- City and have two major CBDs. bai-central-business-district-no-longer-a-hit- w i t h - c o m p a n i e s /a r t i c l e s h o w/ 6 5 1 4 5 3 8 8 . c m s ? - f rom=mdr 25 26

1st place entry for the Lagos Home Design Competition 2019 professional category 2nd place entry for the Lagos Home Design Competition 2019 professional category Titled: Ile Tiwa n Tiwa. Titled: Rubicks Village Team Lead: Babalola Oluwatobiloba. More Details Team Lead: Daniel Osuala More Details Members: Olumide Owoyele, Victoria Iheanacho, Dawodu Micheal 27 Members: Micheal Tunde 28