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Author index Entries followed by f indicate a figure and t indicates a table. Abidi, R. 296 Atkinson, R. C. 84–85, 88, 93, 94, Biardeau, A. 182–183 Abrahamsson, N. 62, 71, 360–361 96, 97, 99, 111, 349, 351 Bierwisch, M. 231 Abramson, A. S. 18–19 Bijeljac-Babic, R. 27, 182–183 Abu-Rabia, S. 270 Au, T. K. 359 Birdsong, D. 47, 64, 65f, 66–69, 67f, Abutalebi, J. 74, 216, 433–434, Avery, D. 415 69f, 70–71, 75, 76, 269, 270 438, 439, 441–442, 445 Baars, B. J. 226 Blanc, M. H. A. 4, 5 Acenas, L.-A. 237 Bach, M. J. 126–127, 128, 136 Blank, M. A. 248 Adamowicz, A. 318 Baddeley, A. 115, 116, 116f, Bley-Vroman, R. 66, 361 Adelstein, A. 55–56, 57 Bloch, C. 432 Aglioti, S. 295, 438–439 117–118, 119, 331, 332 Bloem, I. 260–261 Ahukanna, J. G. W. 343 Bahrick, H. P. 347–350, 348f, 351, Blumenfeld, H. K. 194 Aitchison, J. 144 Bock, J. K. 224 Alba, M. 94 356, 360 Bock, K. 224, 232, 245 Albert, M. L. 255, 256 Bajo, M. T. 327–329, 331, 333, Bogaards, P. 149 Allass, K. 107 Bolgar, M. 281, 283, 284, 285–286, Allport, A. 267, 281, 285, 286, 399–400, 400f Balota, D. A. 157, 158 288, 297, 307, 309, 310, 314 287, 304, 307, 309, 310, 310f, 311 Banta, F. G. 123 Bongaerts, T. 227–228, 230–231, Almeida, J. 285, 312–313 Barss, A. 163 Altarriba, J. 135, 139, 140 Baruch, O. 190, 258 237, 239–242, 240t, Altenberg, E. P. 366–367 Basnight-Brown, D. M. 139, 140 241t 269–270, 273, 295, 305, Alva, L. 255, 256, 258 Bassetti, B. 374, 377–378, 379, 380 306, 344, 346 Ameel, E. 375 Bates, E. 17, 101, 212, 365 Bookheimer, S. 250, 286, 440–441 Amiel-Tison, C. 40 Bavelier, D. 396 Borgwaldt, S. 137, 158, 200 Ammerlaan, T. 341, 353 Beaton, A. 85, 94, 95–96, 95t, 97, Borinstein, H. B. 400 Amor, A. 104 Born, J. 108 Anderson, L. 316, 319 98, 98f, 108, 109, 112, 118 Bornstein, M. H. 17 Andrews, S. 181 Beauvillain, C. 166–167, 172, 281, Boroditsky, L. 371, 372, 373, 374, Annoni, J.-M. 441–442, 445 375, 376–377, 378, 379, 381–383, Ardal, S. 213, 214, 215 284, 286, 287 382f, 383f, 384 Argenti, A. M. 357–358, 358f, 359, Bell, L. 191 Bos, M. 137, 158, 200 Bellugi, U. 53, 54, 57 Bosch, L. 21, 27–30, 28f, 30f, 36, 360 Ben-Zeev, S. 389, 390, 391, 392 37f, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 46 Aronoff, M. 56 Benedict, H. 33 Bosman, A. M. T. 186, 267 Ashburner, J. 359, 361 Berry, J. K. 98 Botha, R. 56 Aslin, R. N. 32, 33–34, 35, 42, 151 Bertoncini, J. 33, 39, 40 Botvinick, M. 250, 436 Aso, T. 444–445 Besson, M. 151 Boudreault, P. 55, 56f Athanasopoulos, P. 374, 378–379, Best, C. T. 21, 22, 23, 195, 272 Bourne, L. E. 110–111, 112 Bettinardi, V. 73, 359, 433 Boyer, M. 151 380, 383 Bialystok, E. 69–70, 70f, 75, 307, 389, 390, 392–395, 394f, 396, 397, 400–401 497

498 AUTHOR INDEX Bradley, A. 107 Castiglioni, I. 422 Cristoffanini, P. 204 Brambati, S. M. 445 Cenoz, J. 343, 345–346 Crosby, C. 130 Brauer, M. 256, 257, 258 Chambers, K. E. 35 Crutch, S. J. 264 Britti, B. 237, 248–250, 249f, 251, Chappell, T. 77 Crystal, D. 283, 315t, 372, 373, Chau, W. 394 253 Chee, M. W. L. 432 447 Broca, P. 406, 418–419, 425–426 Chen, C. 442 Cuetos, F. 210 Brodmann, K. 416 Chen, H.-C. 132, 135, 140, 257 Cummins, J. 342, 343, 386, 390 Broersma, M. 195, 196–197, 269, Chengappa, S. 212, 427, 428 Cunnington, R. 309, 314 Chernov, G. 315 Curley, J. 132, 135, 160 282, 367 Cheung, H. 118–119 Curtiss, S. 50, 51, 51t, 52, 53 Brones, I. 200, 304 Cho, R. Y. 436 Cutler, A. 38, 39, 124, 194, Brown, C. M. 163, 165, 173, 318, Christ, S. E. 395 Christoffels, I. K. 246, 261, 283, 195–197, 269 410 Cziko, G. A. 124–125 Brown, R. 126 316–317, 321f, 322, 324, Bruck, M. 320, 390 325f, 330, 331 Dahan, D. 165 Bryant, S. L. 88 Christophe, A. 40 Dale, P. S. 17 Bryden, M. P. 55–56, 57 Chumbley, J. I. 157, 158 Damasio, A. R. 423–424 Brysbaert, M. 137, 141, 142, Chwilla, D. J. 167, 173 Damasio, H. 423–424 Clahsen, H. 211, 213 Daneman, M. 330 186–188, 187f Clark, E. V. 305 Dannenburg, L. 137, 138, 261, Buchweitz, A. 426, 433, 435 Clifton, C. Jr. 207 Burnham, D. K. 21 Clyne, M. 282, 343, 367 263, 264 Butcher, C. 56 Coady, J. 148, 149 Daoussis, L. 107 Butler, Y. G. 4, 5 Cochran, B. P. 77 Dapretto, M. 250, 286, 440–441 Butterfield, S. 38 Coffey-Corina, S. 44 Darò, V. 316, 317, 322, 334 Butterworth, B. 231 Cohen, A. D. 94 David, A. S. 54 Byers-Heinlein, K. 15, 45–46 Cohen, J. D. 250, 436, 441, 443 Davis, C. W. 137, 200, 204 Bylund, E. 360–361 Cohen, L. 73 Davis, M. H. 108 Cohen, L. B. 45, 46 De Angelis, G. 346 Caharack, G. 317–318 Colombo, L. 165 De Bot, K. 227–229, 230, 235, 237, Calvin, W. H. 415 Colomé, A. 237, 242, 247–248, Campbell, R. 54 250, 253 239–242, 240t, 241t, 282, 295, Campos, A. 104 Coltheart, M. 163 304, 306, 322, 325, 341, 347, 349, Cañas, J. J. 331, 333 Colzato, L. S. 399–400, 400f 350, 351, 353, 367 Candia Mahn, A. 87, 98–99, 100, Comijs, H. 91, 120 De Bruijn, E. 167, 170 Conboy, B. T. 17, 44–45 De Bruijn, E. R. A. 167 108 Conklin, K. 174 De Bruyn, E. 141, 142, 259, 260 Caño, A. 231, 247, 284, 309, Content, A. 38 De Coster, S. 17 Cook, V. 212, 340, 341, 342, De Diego Balaguer, R. 251 311–312, 313 365–366, 366f, 380, 389 De Gelder, B. 38 Capek, C. M. 54 Coppola, M. 76, 425 De Groot, A. M. B. 91, 93, Cappa, S. F. 73, 74, 216, 422, Corcoran, K. M. 45, 46 106–107, 108, 109, 109f, 110, 113, Corkin, S. 76, 425 114, 118, 120, 129, 130, 130f, 131, 433–434, 438, 439, 441 Costa, A. 226, 231, 234, 235f, 237, 132, 133, 133f, 135–136, 137, 138, Cappa, S. M. 445 242–245, 244f, 246, 247, 251, 139, 139f, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, Caramazza, A. 200, 232–233, 233f, 252, 254, 259, 261, 262, 265, 284, 158, 167, 169, 186, 200, 201, 203, 295, 309, 311–312, 313, 363, 389, 246, 247, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 234, 237, 242–245, 244f, 246, 251, 398–399, 400 265, 283, 293, 315t, 316–317, 252, 253, 254, 259, 261, 262, 265, Coté, M. 94 321f, 322, 324, 325f, 330, 331 284, 285, 295, 304, 312–313, 421 Craik, F. I. M. 108, 115, 118, 119, De Houwer, A. 13, 17, 46 Cardebat, D. 423 394, 396 De Sa, V. R. 264 Carlson, S. M. 397–398 Cramer Scaltz, T. R. 206, 210 Deblaere, K. 433, 434 Carnicer, E. 78 Cramer, T. R. 206, 207, 208, Dehaene, S. 73, 357–358, Carpenter, P. A. 75, 327, 330 209–210, 209f 358f, 359, 360, 433 Carroll, D. W. 53, 447 Crinion, J. 444–445 DeKeyser, R. M. 64–66, 68, 70, Carroll, J. B. 330 Crinion, J. T. 359, 361 71 Carroll, S. E. 121, 122, 123 Delaney, H. D. 94 Carter, C. S. 250, 436, 441, 443 Delk, M. T. Jr. 54 Cary, L. 38 Dell, G. S. 226, 227, 231 Casado, B. 316 Casasola, M. 45, 46 Caskey-Sirmons, L. A. 368, 369–371, 370f, 375

AUTHOR INDEX 499 Delmaar, P. 167, 169 Elman, J. L. 77, 198, 298–299 French, L. M. 117 Démonet, J.-F. 423 Elston-Güttler, K. E. 172–174, French, R. M. 167, 298, 299f, 300 Deregowski, J. B. 256 Frenck, C. 140 Derwing, T. M. 273, 275–276 173f, 175f, 201 Frenck-Mestre, C. 93, 145, 161, Desmond, J. E. 433 Emmorey, K. 57, 400–401 Desrochers, A. 94, 96, 113 Entwisle, D. 391 162, 206, 207, 208, 210–211, 212 Desrochers Begg 87, 85 Erickson, D. M. 183 Frieda, E. M. 270–272 Devescovi, A. 101 Ervin, S. M. 130, 368–369, 371, Friederici, A. 57 Devlin, J. T. 444–445 Friederici, A. D. 35–36, 38, 42, 44, Dewaele, J.-M. 292–293, 346 375, 391 Di Betta, A. M. 108 Escudero, P. 195–196 45, 72–73, 162, 163, 206, 214, 215, Diaz, M. 200–201 Evans 53, 391 216, 410, 424 Diaz, R. M. 386, 387, 388, 391 Evans, A. C. 293, 443, 444 Friedman, N. P. 75 Diependaele, K. 187, 202 Eviatar, Z. 389 Friedrich, M. 44, 45 Dijkstra, A. 180, 237, 246, 309 Eysenck, H. 107 Fromkin, V. 50, 51, 52, 53 Dijkstra, T. 121, 166, 167, 168, 169, Frost, R. 183, 184, 189–190, 200 Fabbro, F. 293, 295, 316, 317, 322, Fukuyama, H. 444–445 170–172, 171f, 177, 178f, 179, 334, 415, 420, 426, 427, 428, Furnham, A. 107 180, 182, 182f, 194, 199, 200, 438–439 202, 203, 265, 280, 287, 294, 295, Gabrieli, J. D. E. 433 303, 304, 362–363, 445 Fan, J. 398 Gade, M. 313 Dillinger, M. 327 Fang, S.-P. 255, 256, 258 Gais, S. 108 Doctor, E. A. 169 Farkas, I. 298, 300–302, 301f Gallard, S. L. K. 137, 143 Dodge, M. 56 Favreau, M. 145 Gao, J.-H. 426, 432–433 Dommergues, J. Y. 38 Fawaz, W. 415 García-Albea, J. E. 137, 200, 204, Donald, M. W. 213, 214, 215 Fay, D. 124 Dong, Q. 434, 442–443, 445 Fazio, F. 422 247, 262 Dornic, S. 296 Feldman, L. B. 109 f, 129, 132, Gardner, B. T. 49 Drieghe, D. 187, 201 Gardner, R. A. 49 Dronkers, N. F. 421 135, 143, 260 Garrett, M. F. 163 Drury, J. E. 73, 74 Felix, U. 107 Gaset, S. 78 Dufour, R. 120, 128–129, Felser, C. 211, 213 Gaskell, M. G. 108 128t, 136, 143 Fennell, C. T. 45–46 Gaskins, S. 379–380 Dunay, P. K. 94 Fennema-Notestine, C. 363, 389 Gass, S. 275 Dupoux, E. 38, 73, 357–358, Fenson, L. 17 Gathercole Martin Hitch 118 358f, 359, 360, 433 Feralchildren.com 49 Gathercole, S. E. 116, 117, 118, Durgunog*lu, A. Y. 138 Fernández, M. C. 389 Dussias, P. E. 206, 207, 208, Fernández, S. C. 17, 46, 389 119, 332 209–210, 209f, 212, 365 Ferré, P. 129 Gazzaniga, M. S. 407, 411, 413, Duyck, W. 137, 141, 142, 187, 201, Ferreira, F. 207 202 Ferreira, V. S. 312 447 Dyer, F. N. 255, 257 Finkbeiner, M. 133–134, Gekoski, W. L. 130, 131 Genesee, F. 13, 320, 390, 430 Ebbinghaus, H. 350 134f, 141, 285, 312–313 Gentile, J. R. 343 Eberhard, K. M. 192, 193 Fisher, C. 35 Gentner, D. 371, 373, 374, 379, Eefting, W. 365 Flege, J. E. 76, 195, 269, 270–273, Egner, T. 436 380 Ehri, L. C. 236 271f, 274f, 363–365, 364f Gerard, L. D. 167, 169 Eichen, E. B. 57 Fodor, J. A. 163, 165, 207, 226 Gerhand, S. J. 256 Eimas, P. D. 12, 13–14, 14f, 15, 18, Forster, K. I. 133–134, 134f, 141, Gerken, L. 27, 32 Gerken, L. A. 16, 19–20 19 163, 189–190, 200, 204 Gerver, D. 316, 317, 318, 322, 328, Ekstrand, B. R. 350 Forsyth, D. 391 Elens, E. 141, 142, 259, 260 Fouts, D. H. 49 335 Elhelou, M. W. A. 94 Fouts, R. S. 49 Geschwind, N. 420 Ellis, A. W. 77, 359, 360 Fox, P. T. 426, 432–433 Gibson, M. 101, 120 Ellis, N. 85, 94, 97, 98, 98f, 108, Frackowiak, R. S. 359, 361 Gilardi, M. C. 422 Francis, W. S. 137, 143, 235–236, Gilbert, J. H. V. 20 109, 112 Gile, D. 315t, 316, 335 Ellis, N. C. 87, 108, 117, 118 433 Gillett, E. 94 Franck, J. 251, 252 Glaser, M. O. 255 Frantzen, D. 148 Glaser, W. R. 255 Frauenfelder, U. 38, 316 Gligorijevic*, B. 190 Frazier, L. 207 Gloning, I. 428 Freedman, M. 396

500 AUTHOR INDEX Gloning, K. 428 Haberlandt, K. 161, 162 Hernandez, A. E. 250, 286, 293, Glover, G. H. 433 Hagoort, P. 162, 163, 165, 173, 318, 309, 440–441, 442, 443 Glushko, R. J. 184 Goldacre, B. 422 410, 411, 413, 417, 422, 423, Hernández, M. 398–399, 400 Goldblum, M. C. 296 423f, 424, 425, 435, 436, 445 Hichwa, R. D. 423–424 Goldin-Meadow, S. 56, 57t, 371, Hahne, A. 73, 162, 163, 206, 214, Hickerson, N. P. 368, 369–371, 215, 216, 410, 424 373 Haigh, C. A. 169, 188 370f 375 Goldman-Eisler, F. 283 Hakuta, K. 4, 5, 69–70, 70f, 75, Hickok, G. 76, 425 Goldowsky, B. N. 77 320, 386, 387, 388, 391 Hillyard, S. A. 163, 410 Golinkoff, R. M. 236, 254 Hale, B. L. 183 Hird, K. 204 Gollan, T. H. 189–190, 200, 237, Hall, C. J. 120 Hirsch, J. 293–294, 432, 436 Hall, D. G. 429–430, 431, 432 Hirsh, K. W. 77, 78 312, 363, 389, 400 Hall, J. W. 98 Hirst, W. 317–318 Gómez, O. 242 Haller, S. 432 Hitch, G. J. 116, 116f Gomez, R. L. 32 Halsted, N. 40 Ho, C. 257 González, M. A. 104 Ham, W. 374, 381–383, 382f, Hoefnagel-Höhle, M. 62–63 Gopher, D. 335 383f Hoeks, J. C. J. 132, 136 Gordon, A. M. 112 Hambly, G. 204 Hogaboam, T. W. 165 Goulden, R. 145 Hamers, J. F. 4, 5 Hogben, D. 94, 100 Grabois, H. 356 Hammarberg, B. 343, 344–346 Holcomb, P. J. 73, 163, 410 Grabowski, T. J. 423–424 Hanakawa, T. 444–445 Hollander, M. 89, 146, 147, Grady, C. 394 Hansen, L. 100, 349, 351, Grainger, J. 121, 157, 158, 158f, 352f, 360 147f, 148 Harley, T. A. 88, 112, 447 Holzheimer, P. 415 159, 166–167, 168, 169, 170, 172, Harnishfeger, K. K. 114 Hooglander, A. 137, 141, 142–143 177, 179, 181, 182–183, Harrington, M. 75 Horn, P. 57 182f, 200, 281, 284, 286, 287, 303 Harris, B. 320 Horowitz, L. M. 112 Gran, B. 322 Hartmann, R. R. K. 447 Hoshino, N. 246 Gran, L. 322 Hartsuiker, R. 141, 142, 259, 260 Hsieh, S. 309 Granger, S. 108, 121, 122, 123 Hartsuiker, R. J. 201, 202, 226 Hu, C.-F. 117 Grassi, F. 73 Hartung, J. P. 17 Huckin, T. 148, 149 Green, C. S. 396 Hasegawa, M. 426, 433, 435 Hufeisen, B. 101, 120 Green, D. W. 167, 169, 181, 229, Hasper, M. 194 Huijbers, P. 226 265, 280, 286, 293, 295, 296, 304, Hatano, G. 38 Hull, R. 429–431, 432 307–309, 308f, 350, 428, 443, Hatch, E. 125 Hulstijn, J. 94 444–445 Hatzidaki, A. 224, 252–253 Hulstijn, J. H. 89, 145, 146, 147, Green, I. 330 Havelka J. 130 Greidanus, T. 89, 92, 146, 147, Haverkort, M. 421–422, 423, 426 147f, 148 147f, 148 Havinga, J. 227, 237, 238–239, Humphrey, K. 20 Griffin, G. 88, 112 238t, 268 Humphreys, G. W. 227, 295, Grimshaw, G. M. 55–56, 57 Havy, M. 27 Grogan, A. 444–445 Hazenberg, S. 145 437–438, 439 Groothusen, J. 410 Healy, A. F. 110–111, 112 Hung, D. 257, 258 Grosjean, F. 167, 193, 194, 197, Heekeren, H. R. 433–434 Hung, D. L. 183–184, 190 198f, 199, 280, 282, 286–290, Heeschen, C. 417 Hunt, R. R. 96 290f, 291, 292f, 294, 296, 300, Heider, E. R. 373 Hyde, C. 95, 95t 302, 303, 323–324, Heilenman, L. K. 206, 212 Hyltenstam, K. 62, 71, 360–361 324f, 340–341, 343, 389 Heinze, H. J. 237, 248–250, Gross, R. 211 249f, 251, 253 Ianco-Worrall, A. D. 390, 391–392 Growdon, J. H. 76, 425 Helaha, D. 141, 142, 259, 260 Iarossi, E. 212, 365–366, 366f Gruneberg, M. M. 94, 95, 95t, 96, Helenius, P. 230 Ibrahim, R. 389 98, 99, 103 Henik, A. 190, 257, 258 Ignatow, M. 126 Guasch, M. 129 Henning, G. H. 125, 127–128 Igoa, J. M. 204 Guiora, A. Z. 376 Henriksen, B. 84, 144 Ijalba, E. 427, 428 Gunji, A. 394 Hermans, D. 227–228, 237, Illes, J. 433 Gunter, T. C. 172–174, 173f, 239–242, 240t, 241t Imai, M. 379, 380 175f, 201 Hernandez, A. 297 Indefrey, P. 423, 434–435 Inzana, C. M. 101 Haarman, H. J. 421 Isham, W. P. 316, 317, 322, 333–334 Ishii, R. 394

AUTHOR INDEX 501 Isurin, L. 347, 353–356, 355f, 357, Kharkhurin, A. V. 385 Lambertz, G. 40 360, 368 Kieras, D. 113 Lambon Ralph, M. A. 77, 359, 360 Kim, K. H. S. 293–294, 432 Lane, H. 317, 334 Ivanova, I. 247, 311, 363, 389 King, M. L. 140 Larson-Hall, J. 70 Ivry, R. B. 407, 411, 413, 447 Kinoshita, S. 204 Lasky, R. E. 15, 19 Kirsner, K. 140, 204 Laufer, B. 83, 84, 89, 90, 123, 124, Jackendoff, R. 422 Kiyak, H. A. 255, 257 Jackson, G. M. 309, 314 Klein, D. 169, 293, 443, 444 125, 147, 148, 150, 340, 366, 367 Jackson, S. R. 309, 314 Klein, R. 394 Lavaur, J.-M. 264 Jacobs, A. M. 157, 158, 158f, 169, Klein, R. E. 15, 19 Lawson, M. J. 94, 100 Kliegl, R. 212, 365 Laxén, J. 264 170, 181 Klima, E. J. 53, 54 LeBihan, D. 357–358, 358f, 359, Jacquet, M. 298, 299f Knightly, L. M. 359 Jaeger, J. J. 421 Koch, I. 313 360 Jain, M. 140 Kohnert, K. 250, 293, 309, 440 Lee-Jahnke, H. 441–442 Janssen, N. 237, 246, 285, 309, Kohonen, T. 300 Lee, K.-M. 293–294, 432 Kolb, B. 407, 447 Lee, W. L. 257, 258 312–313 Kolers, P. A. 131, 263, 281, 283 Lehtonen, M. 204 Jared, D. 167, 169, 170, 173, 183, Kolinsky, R. 151 Lehtonen, M. H. 443–444 Kolk, H. H. J. 417, 421 Leiman, J. M. 165 184–186, 185f, 188, 194, 200 Kooijman, V. 318 Leiser, D. 257 Jasper, H. H. 408 Koroshetz, W. J. 76, 425 Lemhöfer, K. 202, 251, 252, Jescheniak, J. D. 230, 239–240, Kotz, S. A. 163, 172–174, 173f, 362–363 246 175f, 201, 213, 216, 410, 424 Lenneberg, E. H. 47–48, 50, 78, Jessner, U. 341, 353 Kovacic, D. 251, 252 Ji, L.-J. 131, 374, 384 Kovács, A. M. 398, 401 269, 357, 368 Jiang, N. 75, 84, 141 Krashen, S. 50, 51, 52, 53, 89, 145 Leopold, W. F. 390 Jin, Z. 434 Krause, B. J. 444 Leung, Y.-S. 132, 135 Job, R. 165 Krauthammer, M. 126, 281, 283, Levelt, W. J. M. 224–227, 225f, 228, Johnson, J. A. 23 Johnson, J. S. 54–55, 61, 62, 63–65, 284, 285–286, 288, 297, 307, 309, 230, 231–232, 234, 236, 237–239, 310, 314 238t, 241, 265–266, 268, 293, 64t, 65f, 66, 68, 69f, 72, 75 Kroll, J. F. 85, 108, 120, 123, 124, 295, 305, 423, 434–435 Johnston, J. C. 183 128–129, 128t, 131f, 132, 133, Levin, B. B. 94 Jones, L. 148 134, 135, 136, 137–138, 140, 143, Levin, J. R. 86, 87, 87f, 88, 94, 98, Jones, P. E. 52–53 174, 176, 176t, 184–186, 185f, 104, 105 Jun, S. A. 359 188, 194, 200–201, 207, 229, Levinson, S. 371 Junker, D. A. 46 230f, 237, 245, 246, 260, 261, Levy, B. A. 183, 185 Jusczyk, A. M. 35–36, 38, 42 264, 297–298, 309, 330, 331 Lewis, K. 268 Jusczyk, P. 12, 13–14, 14f, 18, 19 Kuenzli, E. 432 Lewis, S. S. 157 Jusczyk, P. W. 16, 19, 33–34, Kuhl, P. K. 19, 20, 21, 21t, 23–24, Léwy, N. 197, 198f, 199 25, 26f 442–443, 445 Li, P. 297, 298, 300–302, 301f 35–36, 38, 40, 42 Kuiper, N. A. 88 Liberman, A. M. 267 Just, M. A. 75, 426, 433, 435 Kukish, K. S. 236, 254 Lichtheim, L. 419, 420 Künzli, A. 316 Linck, J. A. 297–298 Kaan, E. 421 Kushnir, S. L. 281, 283, 284, 286 Lindblom, B. 21 Kaiser, A. 432 Kutas, M. 163, 410 Lisker, L. 18–19 Kakigi, R. 73, 216 Liu, H.-L. 426, 432–433 Karanth, P. 428 La Heij, W. 137, 141, 142–143, Liu, H.-M. 21, 25, 26f Kasai, C. 378, 380, 383 232, 237, 259, 260–261, 295, Liu, S. 76, 269, 270, 271f, 363 Katz, L. 184 304–306, 308, 325, 326 Liu, Y. 183 Kehat, S. 270 Lloyd, V. L. 45, 46 Keijzer, R. 107, 108, 110, 113, 114 Lacerda, F. 21 Lock, E. 59–62, 60t, 61f Kellerman, E. 343, 367 Laine, M. 204, 443–444 Lockhart, R. S. 140 Kemler-Nelson, D. G. 16 Lalor, E. 204 Long, J. 316, 318, 335 Kempen, G. 226, 267, 318–319, Lam, A. S. L. 191 Long, M. 62–63, 70, 71–72 Lambert, S. 316, 317, 318, 335 Longley, P. 316, 318, 335 422 Lambert, W. E. 126, 130, 255, 386, Lotto, L. 106–107 Keren-Portnoy, T. 42–44, 43f, 46 Lowie, W. 353 Kerkhofs, R. 167 387, 388, 389, 391 Lucas, B. 108 Kerling, R. 137, 141, 142–143 Luce, M. 213, 214, 215 Kerns, J. G. 436 Kessler Quinn 80, 388 Keys, B. A. 395

502 AUTHOR INDEX Lucy, J. A. 371, 374, 378, 379–380 Marschark, M. 96 Monsell, S. 267–268, 282, 314 Luk, G. 400–401 Marslen-Wilson, W. 192, 193 Montoya, R. J. 363, 389 Lukatela, G. 190 Martens, V. 351 Morais, J. 38 Lum, J. 42–44, 43f, 46 Martin, M. M. 394, 396 Moreno, S. 151 Lund, N. J. 343 Martin, P. 42–44, 43f, 46 Moro, A. 445 Lupker, S. J. 167, 169 Martin-Rhee, M. M. 389, 394, Morris, P. 96 Lutz, T. 251 Morris, S. K. 363, 389 395, 397 Morrison, C. M. 77, 78 Maassen, B. 227 Martinez, A. 250, 293, 309, 440 Morrison Levin 86, 94 McAllister, H. 256 Mason, R. A. 426, 433, 435 Morrissey, M. D. 122 McCall, R. B. 13 Mathis, K. M. 135 Morton, J. 40 McCandliss, B. D. 398 Mattingly, I. G. 183, 267 Moser, B. 316 McClelland, J. L. 177, 198 Mauner, G. 174 Moser-Mercer, B. 316, 319, 335 McCormack, P. D. 126 Mayberry, R. I. 54, 55, 56f, 57, Motley, M. T. 226 McCormick, C. B. 94, 104 Muldrew, S. 213, 214, 215 McDaniel, M. A. 94, 96, 99 59–62, 61f Mullin, A. 314 Macdonald, A. M. 250, 436 Maye, J. 27 Munro, M. J. 269, 270, 273, MacDonald III, A. W. 250, 436, Mazziotta, J. 250, 286, 440–441 Meador, D. 269 275–276 441, 443 Meara, P. 91, 92, 122–123, 125 Münte, T. F. 237, 248–250, McDonald, J. L. 72, 75–76, 77, 101, Mechelli, A. 359, 361 Mehler, J. 38, 39, 40, 73, 357–358, 249f, 251, 253 206, 212, 327, 347, 354–356, 355f Murphy, S. 343, 346 MacDonald, M. C. 75 358f, 359, 360, 398, 401 Murray, J. 19 MacDonald, M. J. E. 108 Meir, I. 56 Murre, J. M. J. 297, 299 McGuire, P. K. 54 Meisel, J. M. 12, 13, 46 Muus, R. 391 Macizo, P. 237, 328–329, 333 Melson, W. H. 13 Myers, J. 16 Mack, M. 207 Meltzoff, A. N. 23, 397–398 Mylander, C. 56 MacKay, D. G. 226, 267 Merton, R. K. 100 MacKay, I. R. A. 195, 269, 270, Meschyan, G. 441, 442, 443 Nakamura, K. 133–134, 134f, 141 Meuter, R. 213, 214, 215 Nakata, H. 73, 216 272–273, 365 Meuter, R. F. I. 281, 285, 286, 295, Nas, G. 184 MacKay, J. 269, 270 Nas, G. L .J. 140, 200, 203 McKelvie, S. J. 107 307, 309, 310, 310f, 311, Nash 76, 121 McKinney, M. 100, 351, 352f, 360 437–438, 439 Nassurally, K. 27 MacKinnon, G. E. 55–56, 57 Meyer, A. S. 227, 230, 232, Nation, I. S. P. 89, 92, 145 MacLeod, C. M. 255 237–239, 238t, 241, 265–266, 268 Nation, P. 83, 84, 145, 150 McLeod, P. 268 Meyer, E. 293, 443, 444 Navarra, J. 23 Macnamara, J. 281, 283, 284, Michael, E. 108, 123, 136, 143 Nazzi, T. 27, 33, 38, 39 Michel, M. C. 202, 362–363 Neely, J. H. 93 285–286, 288, 297, 302, 307, 309, Michener, S. 88 Neisser, U. 317–318 310, 314 Milech, D. 204 Nelson, K. 33 McNeil, D. 126 Miller, C. A. 224 Nelson, T. 350 McNew, S. 101 Miller, G. E. 94, 98, 104 Neville, H. 163 McRae, K. 184, 264 Miller, J. D. 19 Neville, H. J. 44, 213–214, 215 McRoberts, G. W. 21, 22, 23, 195, Miller, J. E. 87 Newport, E. L. 32, 34, 35, 42, 272 Miller, J. L. 19 MacSweeney, M. 54 Miller, N. A. 137, 260 54–55, 61, 62, 63–65, 64t, 65f, 66, MacWhinney, B. 101, 212, 264, Mills, D. 44 68, 69f, 72, 75, 76–77, 151 297, 365 Mills, D. L. 17, 44–45 Ng, M.-L. 140 Mägiste, E. 236, 256–257, 361–362, Milner, B. 293, 443, 444 Nicol, J. 133–134, 134f, 141 362f, 363, 364, 389 Minkowski, M. 428 Nicol, J. L. 163 Malakoff, M. 320 Miozzo, A. 438, 439, 441 Nicoladis, E. 13, 356 Malakoff, M. E. 320 Miozzo, M. 237, 242–244, Niemi, J. 204, 443–444 Malt, B. 368, 375 244f, 254, 259, 262, 265, 284, 295 Nienhuis, L. 92 Mandel, D. R. 16 Mitchell, D. C. 210 Nieuwland, M. S. 165, 318 Mandernach, T. 395 Miyake, A. 75 Nisbett, R. E. 131, 374, 384 Mangun, G. R. 407, 411, 413, 447 Molis, M. 64, 65f, 68–69, 69f, 70, Niska, H. 204, 443–444 Marentette, P. F. 54 75 Noble, C. E. 114 Marian, V. 192–194, 193f, 194 Molnar, M. 27, 30f, 31, 46 Noll, D. 250, 436 Marinis, T. 211 Mondria, J. A. 90, 148, 149f

AUTHOR INDEX 503 Noppeney, U. 359, 361, 444–445 Perani, D. 73, 74, 216, 359, 422, Rayner, K. 161, 162, 183, 185 Norman, D. A. 307 433–434, 445 Rayner, R. 207 Norris, D. 38, 39 Raz, A. 398 Nozawa, T. 270–272 Perecman, E. 295 Read, J. 92, 145 Peretz, I. 151 Reaves, C. C. 317–318 Obler, L. K. 255, 256, 427, 430 Perfetti, C. A. 165, 183, 191, 426, Redfern, B. B. 421 O’Brien, I. 117 Reich, P. A. 226, 227 O’Doherty, J. 359, 361 432–433 Reilly, J. S. 17 Ognjenovic*, P. 190 Peterson, R. R. 227, 240, 246 Relkin, N. R. 293–294, 432 Oh, J. S. 359 Pethick, S. 17 Rey, M. 140 Ohnesorge, C. 167 Pettito, L. A. 54 Reynolds, A. G. 386 Ojemann, G. A. 415 Pfeifer, E. 72–73 Reznick, J. S. 17 Ojima, S. 73, 216 Phelps, E. 347, 349–350 Richards, J. C. 447 Oller, D. K. 46, 389 Philipp, A. M. 313 Richman, C. L. 96 Oller, J. W. 125 Phillips, W. 372, 375, 376–377, 379 Riddock, M. J. 227 Olsthoorn, N. 267, 318–319 Pinker, S. 7, 48, 51, 51t, 52, 76, 425 Rigler, D. 50, 52 Onifer, W. 165 Pinker, S. A. 389, 392 Rigler, M. 50, 52 Onishi, K. H. 35 Pintner 32, 387 Ringbom, H. 122, 343 O’Regan, J. K. 181 Piske, T. 270 Rinne, J. O. 444 Osgood, C. E. 130 Pisoni, D. B. 19 Rivera-Gaxiola, M. 23–24 Osterhout, L. 73, 163, 410 Pitres, A. 420, 427, 428 Roberts, J. M. 368 Otake, T. 38 Planken, B. 270 Roberts, L. 47, 211, 284 Otten, M. 318 Platt, H. 447 Roberts, P. 94 Ouellette, J. A. 101 Platt, J. 447 Rodriguez-Fornells, A. 237, Plaut, D. C. 77 Padden, C. 56 Plunkett, K. 45 248–250, 249f, 251, 253 Padilla, F. 327–328, 329, 331, 333 Poline, J. B. 357–358, 358f, 359, Rodríguez, M. 90, 99 Padilla, P. 327–328, 329, 331, 333 Roediger, H. L. 138 Paivio, A. 96, 113 360 Roelofs, A. 230, 231, 232, 237, Pallier, C. 357–359, 358f, 360 Polka, L. 21, 27, 30f, 31, 46 Pantev, C. 394 Poot, R. 135, 137, 141, 142, 143, 265–266, 268, 305 Paolieri, D. 399–400, 400f Roelstraete, B. 226 Papadopoulou, D. 211 263 Rohde, D. L. T. 77 Papagno, C. 115, 117, 118, 119, Posner, M. I. 398 Rosch, E. 373 Potter, M. C. 129, 131f, 132, 135, Rosenblum, L. D. 23 331 Rosenblum, T. 389, 392 Paradis, J. 13 143, 260 Rosinski, R. R. 236, 254 Paradis, M. 112, 198, 215, 234–235, Poulisse, N. 230–231, 280, 295, Ross, L. L. 250, 436 Rothkopf, E. Z. 126 280, 293, 294–295, 296, 300, 302, 305, 306, 344, 346 Rott, S. 146–148 303, 306, 321, 321f, 322–323, Praamsma, P. 230 Rotte, M. 237, 248–250, 249f, 251, 324–325, 420, 427, 428, 429, 430, Prat, C. 45 431–432, 435 Pressley, M. 86, 87, 87f, 88, 94, 96, 253 Parault, S. J. 77 Rubinstein, H. 157 Paredes, N. 329 98, 99, 104, 105 Rubinstein, M. A. 157 Park, H.-S. 360–361 Preston, M. S. 255 Ruiz, C. 329 Pascoe, K. 94, 95, 98 Price, C. J. 307, 359, 361, 443, Rumelhart, D. E. 177, 198 Paulesu, E. 73, 359, 422, 433 Rumiati, R. I. 295, 437–438, 439 Paulmann, S. 172, 173–174 444–445 Ryan, E. B. 236 Pavlenko, A. 132, 235, 340, 368, Primacerio, L. J. 101 373, 374, 375, 378, 384 Prince, P. 90, 93, 145 Sadoski, M. 90, 99 Peal, E. 386, 387, 389, 391 Prinz, W. 267 Saer, D. J. 339 Pearson, B. 17 Prior, A. 264 Saffran, J. R. 16, 32, 34–35, 38, 42, Pearson, B. Z. 46, 389 Puerta-Melguizo, M. C. 237 Pechmann, T. 227, 237, 238–239, Pyers, J. E. 400–401 151 238t, 268 Pynte, J. 140, 206 Sagarra, N. 94, 210, 212, 365 Pegna, A. J. 441–442 Salamoura, A. 138 Penfield, W. 47, 78, 269, 284, 414 Quinlan, P. T. 77, 227 Salmelin, R. 230 Pennington, B. F. 267 Sánchez-Casas, R. 129, 137, 200, Ramscar, M. 374, 381–383, 382f, 383f 204, 247, 262 Sandler, W. 56 Ramsey, N. 162, 410, 411, 413 Ramus, F. 38, 39 Rangamani, G. N. 428 Raugh, M. R. 85–86, 88, 94, 96, 97

504 AUTHOR INDEX Sankaranarayanan, A. 108, 123, Shriberg, L. K. 94, 104 Sundara, M. 27, 30f, 31, 46 136, 138 Shufflebottom, A. 95, 95t Sunderman, G. 297–298 Siegel, D. 335 Sunnari, M. 444 Santesteban, M. 231, 247, 284, Silva-Pereyra, J. 23–24 Supalla, T. 54–55 309, 311–312, 313 Silverberg, N. B. 389 Surian, L. 96 Simpson, G. B. 165 Svenkerud, V. Y. 35–36, 38, 42 Sanz, C. 101 Sinclair, S. G. 117, 118 Swaab, T. Y. 421 Sapir, E. 371 Singh, J. A. L. 49 Swainson, R. 309, 314 Sasaki, M. 380 Singleton, D. 47, 74–75, 74t Swinney, D. A. 164, 164t, 165 Savic*, M. 190 Singleton, J. L. 54 Sykes, R. N. 94, 95, 95t Savoy, P. 227, 240, 246 Siqueland, E. R. 12, 13–14, Syrdal-Lasky, A. 15, 19 Scarborough, D. L. 167, 169 Szucs, C. 167, 169, 170, 173, 185, Schafer, G. 45 14f, 18, 19 Scheerer, E. 267 Sithole, N. M. 21, 22, 195, 272 200 Schein, J. D. 54 Sjarbaini 98, 114 Schils, E. 270 Skrap, M. 295, 438–439 Tabossi, P. 165 Schirru, C. 195, 272–273, 365 Skuse, D. H. 49 Taeschner, T. 47 Schmidt, D. 444 Sloman, S. 368, 375 Taft, M. 204 Schmidt, L. A. 372, 375, 376–377, Smith, F. 339 Takahashi, J. A. 380 Smith, M. C. 130, 140 Talamas, A. 128–129, 128t, 136, 379 Smith, S. 101 Schmitt, N. 91 Sneg, R. 190, 258 143 Schmuckler, M. A. 23 Snodgrass, J. G. 137, 142 Tan, E. W. L. 432 Schneider, V. I. 110–111, 112 Snow, C. E. 62–63 Tan, L. H. 13, 426, 432–433 Schön, D. 151 So, K.-F. 129, 131 f, 132, 135, 143, Tanenhaus, M. K. 165, 192, 193 Schönpflug, U. 264 Taylor, I. 131, 133, 247, 262, 447 Schoonen, R. 92 260 Taylor, M. 447 Schreuder, R. 227–229, 230, 231, Soares, C. 286–288 Tees, R. C. 20, 22 Solin, D. 428 Ten Brinke, S. 167, 170 235, 237, 239–242, 240t, Sommer, S. 94, 96, 99 Tesink, C. 433, 434 241t, 295, 304, 306 Sommer, T. 398 Thal, D. 17 Schriefers, H. 167, 170, 170–172, Soto-Faraco, S. 23 Thiel, T. 432 171f, 227, 237–240, 238t, 241, Spalek, K. 251, 252 Thierry, G. 42–44, 43f, 46, 188–189, 246, 251, 252, 268, 445 Spelke, E. 317–318 Schriefers, H. J. 194 Spinks, J. A. 426, 432–433 189t, 191, 423 Schulpen, B. 194 Spivey-Knowlton, M. J. 192, 193 Thomas, M. H. 99, 101–103, Schwanenflugel, P. J. 114, 140 Spivey, M. 192–194, 193f Schwartz, A. I. 174, 176, 176t, Sprenger, S. 267, 318–319 102f, 104, 111 200–201, 229, 230f, 245 Stager, C. L. 45, 46 Thomas, M. S. C. 287, 304 Scifo, P. 422 Stanovich, K. E. 100 Thomas, S. C. 177, 179, 180, 301 Scoresby-Jackson, R. E. 420, 427, Starreveld, P. A. 232, 237, 242, 245 Thompson, R. 400 428, 432 Steinhauer, K. 72–73, 74 Thorn, A. S. C. 117, 118 Scott 73, 387–388 Stellakis, N. 212, 365–366, 366f Tillman, V. P. 99 Scovel, T. 269 Stenger, V. A. 250, 436, 441, 443 Timmermans, M. 167, 170–172, Sebastián-Gallés, N. 21, 23, 27–30, Sternberg, R. J. 145–146, 150 28f, 30f, 36, 37f, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, Stevens, K. N. 21 171f 46, 73, 234, 235f, 237, 242, Stewart, E. 85, 124, 129, 134, Tokowicz, N. 131f, 136, 137, 143, 244–245, 246, 254, 261, 359, 398–399, 400, 433 135f, 136, 137–138, 260 264 Sedivy, J. C. 192, 193 Stockman, I. J. 46 Tokumaru, Y. 212, 365–366, 366f Segalowitz, N. S. 145 Stockton, K 444–445 Tommola, J. 444 Segalowitz, S. J. 145 Stoessel, S. 350, 351 Toro, J. M. 40 Seghier, M. L. 441–442 Stone, G. O. 267 Tranel, D. 423–424 Segui, J. 38, 39, 159, 181 Stork, F. C. 447 Treffers-Daller, J. 292 Seidenberg, M. S. 165, 184, 264 Storms, G. 375 Trehub, S. E. 18 Seleskovitch, D. 321, 322 Stowe, L. A. 421–422, 423, 426 Trobalón, J. B. 40 Sereno, S. C. 161, 162 Stowe, R. W. 114 Tsao, F.-M. 21, 25, 26f Service, E. 108, 115, 117, 118, 119 Styles, E. A. 309 Turk, A. 16 Shallice, T. 268, 307 Su, I. 212 Turner, R. 444–445 Sherwood, B. 320 Sumutka, B. M. 229, 230f, 245 Turvey, M. T. 183, 190 Sholl, A. 138, 140 Tzelgov, J. 190, 257, 258 Tzeng, O. J. L. 183–184, 190, 255, 256, 257, 258

AUTHOR INDEX 505 Ullman, M. T. 76, 425, 431 Van Summeren, C. 270 Werker, J. F. 15, 20, 21, 22, 23, 27, Umbel, V. M. 389 Van Valin, R. D. 421 45–46 Umeda, U. 100, 351, 352f, 360 Van Wijnendaele, I. 187–188 Underwood, B. J. 125–127, 128, Van Zon, M. 38 Werner, G. A. 389 Varonis, E. M. 275 Wernicke, C. 406, 419 136, 350 Ventureyra, V. A. 358–359, 360 Wessels, J. M. I. 35–36, 38, 42 Urayama, S. 444–445 Verhallen, M. 92 Whishaw, I. Q. 407, 447 Usui, K. 444–445 Verspoor, M. 353 Whitaker, H. A. 415 Vigorito, J. 12, 13–14, 14f, 18, White, D. A. 395 Vaid, J. 212, 429–431, 432 White, E. J. 73, 74 Valentine, T. 115, 117, 118, 331 19 Whitney, P. 447 Vallar, G. 117, 119 Vihman, M. M. 42–44, 43f, 46 Whorf, B. L. 371–373 Van Assche, E. 201, 202 Villringer, A. 433–434 Wieland, L. D. 94 Van Assche, F. 375 Vingerhoets, G. 433, 434 Wierzbicka, A. 374 Van Berkum, J. J. A. 165, 318 Viswanathan, M. 394, 396 Wiley, E. 69–70, 70f, 75 Van Borsel, J. 433, 434 Volterra, V. 47 Wilkins, D. P. 421 Van Cantfort, T. E. 49 Von Cramon, D. Y. 424 Wilks, C. 92 Van de Noort, M. 433, 434 Von Eckardt, B. 109f, 129, 132, Williams, J. N. 138 Van de Poel, M. 186–187, Williams, K. A. 21 135, 143, 260 Williams, S. 343, 344 187f, 188 Von Studnitz, R. E. 167, 181, 304, Williams, S. C. R. 54 Van den Boogaard, S. 260–261 Wilson, C. 415 Van den Brink, R. C. L. 106, 107, 307, 443 Wilson, D. P. 32 Vorberg, D. 227, 237, 238–239, Woll, B. 54 109 f Wolter, B. 92 Van den Eijnden, E. 137, 158, 200 238t, 268 Wood, A. G. 145 Van den Wildenberg, W. 399–400, Vosse, T. 422 Woodward Aslin 90, 33 Votaw, M. C. 131 Wu, Y. J. 188–189, 189f, 191 400f Vouloumanos, A. 23 Van der Lugt, A. 237, 248–250, Vroomen, J. 38 Xue, G. 434 Yeni-Komshian, G. H. 76, 269, 270, 249f, 251, 253 Waldorp, L. J. 246, 322, 330 Van der Velden, E. 137, 141, Walley, A. 19 271f, 363 Wande, E. 204, 443–444 Yoo, H.-Y. 358–359, 360 142–143 Wang, A. Y. 99, 101–103, Yuille, J. C. 96 Van Dyck, G. 186–187, 187f, 188 Van Els, T. 341 102f, 104, 111 Zappatore, D. 432 Van Hell, J. G. 87, 98–99, 100, 108, Wang, S.-Y. 183–184, 190 Zatorre, R. J. 293, 443, 444 Wang, Y. 434, 442–443, 445 Zhang, L. 434 113, 114, 131, 133, 137, 138, 144, Warrington, E. K. 264 Zhang, S. 183 201, 203, 247, 261, 262, 263, 264 Wartenburger, I. 433–434 Zhang, Z. 131, 374, 384 Van Heuven, W. J. B. 121, 166, 167, Weber, A. 194, 195–196, 269 Zimine, I. 441–442 168, 169, 170, 177, 178f, 179, Weber-Fox, C. M. 213–214, 215 Zingg, R. M. 49 180, 182, 199, 200, 265, 280, 294, Wee, G. C. 257, 258 Zurif, E. B. 421 295, 301, 303, 304, 445 Weikum, W. M. 23 Zwarts, F. 421–422, 423, 426 Van Jaarsveld, H. 167 Weil, M. 335 Zwitserlood, P. 165, 318 Van Leerdam, M. 186 Weinreich, U. 129, 130, 130f, Van Orden, G. C. 183, 267 Van Petten, C. K. 163 131 Van Schelven, L. 141, 142, 259, Weltens, B. 341, 347 260

Subject index Entries in bold indicate glossary definitions. Entries followed by f indicate a figure and t indicates a table. Abstract words 459 mismatches in predictions and Articulation 226 ACC, see anterior cingulate cortex data 64–71, 65f, 69f, 70f Articulatory suppression 117–118, Accents in first language nativelike attainment in late 332–335, 447–448 grammar 365–367 learners 71–72 ASL, see American Sign Language phonology 363–365 Association recognition task 92 semantics 367–371, 375 nativelike brain responses in late Attention control 393–401, 394f Accents in non-native speakers learners 72–74 adult studies 398–401 268–276 neural plasticity 77–78, 361 child studies 396–398 causes 269–273 non-nativelike attainment in early divergent thinking 385 comprehensibility of accented L2 Simon task 393–396, 397, 436 learners 72 in simultaneous interpreting speech 273, 275–276 rate of acquisition 62 summary 278 in sentence processing 214 316, 317–319, 335 Accidental cognates 121–122 in speech perception 269–270 vs. analysis 392–393 Activation spreading 227, 230–231 working memory capacity Attentional network task (ANT) Activation threshold hypothesis 75–76 398–399 295 Age of L2 acquisition hypothesis Attribute theory of memory Additive bilingualism 5, 342–343, 430, 431 125–126 387, 388, 447 Allophones 22, 447 Autism 50 Affixes 51, 447, 449 Alphabets 447 Automaticity 335 Affricates 447 Alternate antagonism 296 Axons 407 Age of acquisition (AoA) effects Alternating-runs paradigm 282 Alveolar-palatal consonants 447 Babbling 54 5, 6–7, 17–18, 47–59, 447 American Sign Language (ASL) Balanced bilingual hypothesis 430 critical period hypothesis Balanced bilinguals 4 53–55, 58, 59 BAs, see Brodmann areas (CPH) 47–48 ANT (attentional network task) Basal ganglia 424 deaf children 53–58 Base language, 199, 448, see also feral children 48–53 398–399 summary 80–81 Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) language-mode theory Age of acquisition (AoA) effects in BAV (bilingual activation 250, 422–423, 436–437, 437f, L2 62–78 438, 439, 441, 442–443, verification model) 287, 288 accent 269 445–466 BFLA (bilingual first language after delayed L1 59–62, 60t, Antonyms 447 AoA, see age of acquisition (AoA) acquisition), see simultaneous 61f effects; age of acquisition bilingualism declarative memory 76 (AoA) effects in L2 BIA+ 180–181, 304 language-learning aptitude 66 Aphasia, 406, 418–420, 447, see also BIA (bilingual interactive activation maturational state hypothesis bilingual aphasia model) 166, 177–180, 178f, Arcuate fasciculus 419, 420, 420f 63–64, 66

SUBJECT INDEX 507 181–182, 198, 199, 204, 287, Categorical speech perception neuroimaging tasks 444–446 298, 303 13–14, 18–20, 448 in simultaneous interpreting Bicultural bilinguals 374, 448 Bilabial consonants 448 Caudate nucleus 437, 438, 438f, 327–329 Bilingual aphasia 295–296, 439, 441–442, 444–446 see also sentence processing; word 306–307, 413, 427–428, 448 Bilingual first language acquisition CDI (Communicative Development recognition (BFLA), see simultaneous Inventory) 17 Computed tomography (CT) bilingualism Bilingual lexico-semantic system Central sulcus 408 406–407, 449 308 Child directed speech (CDS) 17, Concept mediation model Bilingual memory models, 129–134, see also revised hierarchical 448 129–130, 130f, 131f, 132, model of bilingual memory Classification of bilinguals 4–5 134–135 Bilingual mode 194, 289, 453 Classifiers 448–449 Conceptual knowledge vs. Bilingual simple recurrent network Cloze tests 318 word meaning 234, (BSRN) 298–300, 299f Code switching, 228, 229, 288, 289, 235–236 Bilingual Stroop task 255–259, Conceptual memory 139 281, 448 291, 320, 341, 449, see also Conceptual selection model Bilingualism 1, 3–4, 16–17 language-switching paradigm (CSM) 261 classification 4–5 Cognates 87, 106, 449 Conceptualizing 224, 228–229, definitions 4–5 attitudes to in research and 307–308, 449 Bimodal matching task 186 teaching 122–123 Conceptually mediated BIMOLA (bilingual interactive definitions 121–122 translation 319–320, 321f, model of lexical access) in foreign vocabulary learning 322, 449, see also transcoding 197–199, 198f, 242, 298 119–123 Concrete words, see word Blending 295, 448 in picture naming 246–247 concreteness BOLD signal 412, 413 in word recognition 156, Conduction aphasia 420 Borrowings 122, 448 199–205 Connectionist learning models Brain 9, 405–418 in (word) translation 261–263, 298 behavioral paradigms 413–414, 263f Connectionist models 298 429–432 Cognitive consequences of bi/ Consecutive bilingualism 5 electrical and magnetic signals multilingualism 339–403 Consecutive interpreting 314–315, 407–411 attention control 393–401 316, 449 electrical stimulation of the cross-linguistic influence Context availability 114, 449 brain 414–415 340–341 Continued word association 92, hemodynamic signals 411–413 cross-linguistic influence on L1 114–115, 459 lateralization 405–406 361–371 Convergence problem 305 lesion paradigm 413 cross-linguistic influence on L3 Coordinate bilingualism 5, 129, methods 406–415 343–346 130f, 131, 374, 449 nomenclature 415–418 drawbacks 389 Coordinate model 130f split-brain patients 415 early bilingualism and Corpus callosum 415 transcranial magnetic stimulation intelligence 385–388 Cortex 407, 409f, 415–416, 417f, (TMS) 415 language loss 341, 347–361 449 Wada test 415 linguistic relativity 371–375 Critical period hypothesis (CPH) see also language areas in the methods and tasks 342–343 12, 47–59, 67f, 74t, 357, 449 brain; language lateralization summary 401–403 deaf children 53–58 Broca’s aphasia 417, 419–420 see also metalinguistic awareness exercise hypothesis 48, 60 Broca’s area 406, 407, 416, 417, Cognitive control, see attention feral children 48–53 418–422, 420f, 423, 424–426, control fundamental difference 432 Cohorts 192, 227, 449 hypothesis 66, 361 Brodmann areas (BAs) 416–417, Communicative Development L2 after delayed L1 59–62, 60t, 418f Inventory (CDI) 17 61f BSRN, see bilingual simple Competence 449 maturational state hypothesis recurrent network Competition model 101, 212, 365 48, 63–64, 66 Componential memory second language acquisition Catastrophic forgetting 359 representation, see distributed 62–75, 64t memory representation and speech accent 269 Components (in EEG) 410 summary 80 Compound bilingualism 5, 129, Cross-language neighborhood 130–131, 130f, 375, 449 studies 182–183, 454 Comprehension 3

508 SUBJECT INDEX Cross-language Dynamic systems approach 353 Fissure, see sulcus pseudohomophones 184 Fixations 161 Early bilingualism 5, 7–8, 11–47 Fixed-window technique 161 Cross-linguistic influence categorical speech perception FL (foreign language) 7 100–101, 340–341, 449–450 13–14, 18–20, 448 Fluency 288, 289, 330 and intelligence 385–388 FMRI (functional magnetic on first language use 361–371 lexical development 32–47 on third language use 343–346 methods and tasks 13–18 resonance imaging) 162–163, Cross-modal priming 159, (non-)native phoneme 411, 412–413, 421, 451 contrasts 20–25, 21t event-related fMRI 357, 413, 164–165, 164t, 166–167, 172, phonetic sensitivity 25–32 442, 445 460 summary 78–80 and language control 436, Crossed aphasia 413, 428 see also age of acquisition (AoA) 440–446 CSM (conceptual selection effects and language lateralization model) 261 432–435 CT (computed tomography) Ear–voice span (EVS) 283, 450 and word production 250 406–407, 449 EEG (electroencephalography) Folk bilingualism, see subtractive Cued recall 86–87, 91, 112–113, bilingualism 450 17, 407–408, 408f, 410–411, 450 Foreign language (FL) 7 Cued translation 91–92, 459 ELAN (early left anterior Foreign language effect 343, Cultural differences 374, 377–378, 344–346, 450 384–385 negativity) 163, 214, 215–216, Foreign vocabulary learning 8, Cytoarchitectonics 416 453 83–153 Electrical stimulation of the brain assessing vocabulary Day–night task 397 414–415 knowledge 90–93 Deaf children 53–58 Elite bilingualism, see additive bilingual memory models bilingualism 129–144 age of sign acquisition and Entrenchment 297 context 89–90, 144–151, 147f, attainment 54–55, 56f ERPs (event-related potentials) 149f 17, 162–163, 407–408, 408f, direct instruction 84, 150 late spoken L1 and homesign 410–411, 450 easy and difficult words 55–58 and sentence processing 106–113 214–216, 424 effect of background music sign and spoken language 53–54 and speech perception 23–24 107–108 see also sign language and word production 249–250, effect of sleep 108 Deceptive cognates 121 249f fine tuning 144 Declarative memory 76, 425 and word recognition 165, focus on form/meaning 123–128 Decomposed memory 173–174, 175f form similarity in translation Event-related fMRI 357, 413, 442, pairs 119–123 representation, see distributed 445 freeing from L1 144 memory representation EVS (ear–voice span) 283, 450 keyword method 84, 85–87, Delayed recall 91, 452 Exercise hypothesis 48, 60 93–106, 453 Dichotic listening paradigm 413, Extensional meaning, see referential paired-associate learning 84, 429–432 meaning 87–89, 105–113, 131, 455 Differential activation 263, 293, Extraversion 107–108 phonological short- and long- 294–295, 302, 322–325 Eye-movement recording 160, term memory 116–119 Differential recovery 295–296, 448 161, 162, 450 prior knowledge 113–115 Diffusion tensor imaging 407, 450 Eye-movement tracking reading 145–150 Digit naming 285–286, 442 paradigm 160, 192, 450 recall latency 110–111 Direct vocabulary instruction 84, Eye tracking, see eye-movement receptive vs productive testing 150 recording 112–113 Distributed memory Eye–mind hypothesis 161, 450 retention 110 representation 133, 133f, 203, revised hierarchical model 85, 230, 231, 233, 454 False friends/false cognates 120, 124, 129–130, 130f, 134–144, Divergent thinking 385 121–122, 450 135f Divided attention 317–319 summary 151–153 Dominant bilinguals 4 Familiarization paradigm, see Formants 14, 450 Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex habituation paradigm Formulator 225, 451 (DLPFC) 422–423, 436–437, 437f, 438, 439, 440–442, 443, Feral children 48–53, 431 444, 445–446 First-pass reading time, see gaze Double-oddball paradigm 23–24 Dual-coding theory 96, 113, 114, duration 450

SUBJECT INDEX 509 Fractional view of bilingualism Hyponyms 452 L1 (first language) 7 340, 389 L2 (second language) 7 IA, see interactive activation (IA) L2 effect, see foreign language effect Fricatives 18, 451 models L3 acquisition 343–346 Frontal lobe 408, 409f, 451 LAN (left anterior negativity) 163, Functional imaging techniques Immediacy hypothesis 161 Immediacy strategy 327 453 407, 432–435 Immediate recall 91, 452 Language acquisition 3–4 Functional magnetic resonance Incidental vocabulary learning 88, Language and thought, see imaging, see fMRI 89, 146, 148–149, 452 linguistic relativity Functional overlap 158, 170 Incremental learning 149 Language areas in the brain Fundamental difference Independent network model 418–435 hypothesis 66, 361 232–233, 233f, 251, 253 arcuate fasciculus 419, 420, Inhibitory control 181, 304, Gating 159, 451 420f Gaze duration 161 307–314, 308f, 394–395, 396, in bilingual brain 427–435 Gender, grammatical 375–378, 397, 399–400, 400f, 436 concept center 419 Innate language faculty, see functional equivocality 420–425 451 universal grammar (UG) left inferior frontal gyrus 422, Generalized lexical decision task Intelligence and early bilingualism 385–388 425 159, 451 Intensional meaning 83, 144, 457 left temporal lobe 422, 423–424 Genie 50–53, 51t, 53t Intentional vocabulary learning right hemisphere 425–427 Globus pallidus 443 88, 89, 146, 148, 452 see also anterior cingulate cortex; Go/no-go tasks 160, 170–172, Interactive activation (IA) models speech production 227 Broca’s area; dorsolateral 171f, 451 visual word recognition 177 prefrontal cortex (DLPFC); Good cognates 121 Interlexical homographic Wernicke’s area Grammar neighbors 121, 452 Language control 8–9, 279–338 Interlexical homographs 121, 156, activation threshold hypothesis accents in first language 163–177, 452 295 365–367 Interlexical homophones 121, in bilingual visual word 163–172, 452 recognition 303–304 universal grammar (UG) 19, 32, Interlexical homophonic in bilingual word production 48, 66, 459 neighbors 121, 452 304–306 Interlingual Stroop effect 256, 448 differential activation 293, Grammatical encoding 225–227, Internal speech 226 294–295, 302, 322–325 451 Interpreting, see consecutive direction (proactive/reactive) interpreting; simultaneous 280, 290 Grammatical gender 375–378, 451 interpreting entrenchment 297 Grammatical number 378–380, Intra-lexical homographs 164 language cues 306 Intralingual translation 319 language-mode theory 287–294, 451 Isabelle 51t, 52 290f, 302, 453 Grammatical tense 381–383 ISI (inter-stimulus interval) 164 language nodes 280, 295, Graphemes 451 Isotopes 411–412 296–297, 300, 302, 303–304 Gray matter 361, 407, 451 in language nonselective Guest language, 199, 448, see also Keyword method 84, 85–87, activation framework 93–106, 453 302–306 language-mode theory language subsets 280, 288, 295, Gyri 415–416, 416f dual-coding theory 450 296–302 effect of learner characteristics language tags 280, 295, 300, Habituation paradigm 13, 15–16, 302, 306, 454 451 98–101 locus of control 280, 291 evaluation 93–96 methods and tasks 281–283 HAS, see high-amplitude sucking experimenter- vs participant- neuroimaging studies 440–446 paradigm neurolinguistic theory of generated keywords 104–105 bilingual control 294–296, Head-turn procedure 16, 451–452 images 95t 302 Heart-rate paradigm 15, 452 long-term retention of new neuropsychological evidence Hebbian learning 297, 300, 301, 437–440 vocabulary 101–103, 102f scope (global/local) 280, 290 452 quality of keywords and images High-amplitude sucking paradigm 97–98, 98f (HAS) 13, 14f, 452 Homesign systems 55–58, 57t Homograph effects 168, 445, 452 Homonyms 452 Homonymy 164–165, 452 Homophone effects 168–169, 452 Horizontal translation, see transcoding

510 SUBJECT INDEX in simultaneous interpreting Language subsets 280, 288, 295, Linguistic relativity 373–385, 454 290, 314–336, 337–338 296–302 cultural differences 384–385 experiment design 384 source (endogenous/ Language-switching effects 180, grammatical and biological exogenous) 280, 290–291 309–313, 310f, 314, 453 gender 375–378, 451 grammatical number 378–380, switching between subsets Language-switching paradigm 451 283–288, 302 281–282, 307, 453 grammatical tense 381–383 through reactive suppression mixing costs 282 Linguistics 2–3 306–314 non-intentional switches 282, Linkword 94–96 Lip reading 23 summary 336–338 344–345, 344t List learning 89 see also BIA (bilingual interactive switch costs 281–282 Loan words 122, 448 Language tags 126, 280, 295, 300, Localist memory representation activation model); inhibitory control 302, 306, 454 132, 133, 203, 231, 454 Language cues 229, 306, 325–326, Late bilinguals 5 453 Late foreign vocabulary learning, Magnetic resonance imaging Language decision task 170, 453 (MRI) 406, 454 Language development 6–7, 12 see foreign vocabulary learning Language disorders 406, 407 Lateral inhibition 177 Magneto-encephalography Language go/no-go task 160, Left hemisphere 413–415, 418–425 (MEG) 411, 454 170–172, 171f, 451 Left inferior frontal gyrus 422, 425 Language lateralization 47–48, 51, Left temporal lobe 422, 423–424 Malapropisms 124, 454 293–294, 405 Lemma selection 222, 226, 227, Manner of L2 acquisition behavioral paradigm 429–432 in bilinguals 429–435 308, 454 hypothesis 430 left hemisphere 413–415, Lemmas 226, 454 Masked priming 93, 458 418–425 Lesion studies 413, 421 Matthew effect 100–101, 351, right hemisphere 425–427 Lexemes 226, 454 Language-learning aptitude 66 Lexical access, 155–156, 454, see 454 Language loss 341, 347–361 Maturational state hypothesis 48, in perception and recognition also word production; word tasks 357–359, 358f recognition 63–64, 66 L1 loss after adoption 353–359, Lexical activation vs lexical Mean length of utterance (MLU) 360–361 selection 242–245, 244f L2 loss after years of disuse Lexical ambiguity, see homonymy 454 347–353, 359–361 Lexical bias effect 226 Meaning-given vocabulary in production tasks 353–356 Lexical decision tasks 114, 157, savings paradigm 350–351, 158, 454 learning 90 350t, 352f, 360 generalized lexical decision Meaning-inferred vocabulary Language mixing 439 task 159, 451 Language-mode theory 167, language-specific lexical decision learning 90 287–294, 290f, 302, 453 task 159, 451 MEG (magneto- Language-neutral lexical decision, phoneme-triggered lexical see generalized lexical decision decision task 286–287 encephalography) 411, 454 task visual lexical decision task 168, Memory Language-nonselective grammatical 445 encoding 250–253 Lexical development 32–47 attribute theory 125–126 Language-nonselective prosodic bootstrapping 38–41 bilingual memory models phonological activation, speech segmentation 33–41 183–195 statistical bootstrapping 33–38 129–134 Language-nonselective vocabulary spurt 33, 46 conceptual memory 139 phonological encoding word form recognition and declarative memory 76, 425 246–250, 253 meaning 41–47, 43f effect of sleep on 108 Language-nonselective lexical Lexical neighborhood, see phonological short- and long- access 156, 453 neighborhood Language-selective lexical access Lexical representation 5–6 term memory 116–119 156, 453 Lexicalist theories 422 procedural memory 76, 108, 425 Language-specific lexical decision Lexicalization, see word production semantic memory 115, 457 task 159, 451 Lexicon-internal locus of control see also distributed memory 181 Linguistic determinism 371–373, representation; localist memory 454 representation; revised hierarchical model of bilingual memory; working memory Metalinguistic awareness 100–101, 320, 342, 361, 390–393, 427, 455 analysis vs. control 392–393, 394f word awareness 390–392

SUBJECT INDEX 511 Michigan Gender Identity Test Off-line tasks 160, 455 Phonological (co-)activation 376 On-line tasks 160, 455 183–199 Orthography 2 MLU (mean length of utterance) Own-strategy learning, see in different alphabets/dialects 455 188–191, 246 uninstructed learning Modularity of mind theory in same-alphabet bilingualism 163–165, 207, 455 P600 162, 163, 214, 215, 216, 410, 183–188 455 Monolingual mode 193, 289, 453 in spoken language Monolingual speech production: Paired-associate learning 84, comprehension 191–197 87–89, 105–113, 131, 455 Levelt’s model 224–228, 225f spurious activation in non-native Monolingualism 3, 16–17, 342 picture–word association listening 195–197 Mora-based languages 38 88–89, 455 Mora 455 Phonological coherence model Morphemes 2, 455 word–word association 88, 89, 267 Morphology 2, 455 105–106, 455 Motherese, see child directed speech Phonological encoding 222, Motor cortex 417 PAM (perceptual assimilation 226–227, 246–247, 456 Motor theory of speech model) 22–23 Phonology 2 perception 267 Paradigmatic relation 455–456 Phonotactical typicality 106, 118, Moving-window technique 160, Paradoxical translation 296 Paraphrasing task 318–319, 456 161, 162, 455 Phonotactics 21, 456 MRI (magnetic resonance 335 Picture naming 138, 222–224, Parallel phonological activation in imaging) 407, 454 229–230, 246–254, 456 MUC model 422–423, 423f, 424, two languages, 183–191 in bilinguals 230f, 235f, in same-alphabet bilingualism, 425 236–237, 440–442 Music: effect on vocabulary 183–188 in language loss 353–354, 355f in different-alphabet language-nonselective learning 107–108 Myelin 407, 455 bilingualism, 188–191 grammatical encoding Myelination 47 Parietal lobe 408, 409f, 456 250–253 Parsing, 155, 206, 456, see also language-nonselective N400 44, 162, 163, 410, 455 phonological encoding N400 effect 44, 455 sentence processing 246–250, 253 Perceptual assimilation model in monolinguals 232, 232f in sentence processing 213–214, see also picture–word interference 215 (PAM) 22–23 task Perceptual identification tasks Picture–word association 88–89, in word recognition 165, 455 173–174 158–159, 456 Picture–word interference task Performance 449 223, 236, 237–246, 253, 254, Natural translation 320–321, 455 PET (positron emission 353–354, 456 Neighborhood 181, 455 bilingual studies 239–242 Neighbors, see neighborhood tomography) 162–163, lexical activation vs lexical Network building 144 411–412, 413, 421, 434–435, selection 242–245, 244f Neural commitment 24–25 444, 456–457 methodology 237–239, 238t, Neural plasticity 77–78, 361 Phoneme contrasts 20–25, 21t 239f Neuroimaging studies 432–435, fragile contrasts 22 Place of articulation 456 robust contrasts 21–22 Plosives 14–15, 18, 456 440–446 Phoneme-monitoring task 248 Positron emission tomography, see Neurolinguistic theory of bilingual Phoneme-triggered lexical decision PET task 286–287 Pragmatics 2 control 294–296, 302 Phonemes 2, 456 Preferential listening technique Neuropsychological studies 406, Phonetic category assimilation 15, 457 272, 273, 274f, 364, 456 Preferential looking technique 15, 437–440 Phonetic category dissimilation 16, 457 Nodes 230, 280, 296–297, 300, 272–273, 274f, 365, 456 Prefrontal cortex 250 Phonetic plan 226 Preverbal message 224–225, 226, 302, 303–304 Phonetic sensitivity 25–32 449 Non-proficient bilinguals 4 sequential bilingualism 25–27 Primary visual cortex 417 Non-target language 7 simultaneous bilingualism Priming studies 138 Non-verbal cognition 341 27–32 Procedural memory 76, 108, 425 Number, grammatical 378–380, Phonetics 456 Phonological accents in first 451 language 363–365 Number magnitude effect 142 Occipital lobe 408, 409f, 455

512 SUBJECT INDEX Productive cued recall 86, 87, 91, Saccades 161, 162, 457 translation 315t, 317 112–113, 450 SAS (supervisory attentional see also deaf children Simon task 393–396, 397, 436 Proficient bilinguals 4 system) 304, 308 Simple recurrent network (SRN) Progressive demasking 159, 457 Savings paradigm 94–96, 350–351, Pronounceability 118 model 298–299 Prosodic bootstrapping 38–41 350t, 352f, 360 Simultaneous bilingualism 4, 5, Proto-language 56 Second language acquisition, see Proto-words 33 12–13, 448 Pseudocognates, see false friends age of acquisition (AoA) lexical development 36–37, Pseudowords 157, 457 effects in L2 Psycholinguistics 2–4 Segmental 457 37f Selection restrictons 366, 457 phonetic sensitivity 27–32 Rapid serial visual presentation Selective recovery 295, 428, 448 Simultaneous interpreting 290, (RSVP) 160, 457 Self-organization model (SOM) 300 314–336, 458 RCBF (regional cerebral blood Self-paced reading, 160–161, 162, automaticity 335 flow) 412 457, see also moving-window comprehension processes technique Reactive suppression 306–314 Semantic accents 367–371, 375 327–329 Reading and foreign vocabulary Semantic clustering 137–138 conceptually mediated Semantic cohort 227, 261 learning 145–150 Semantic memory 115, 457 translation 319–320, 321f, Reading span test 330–331 Semantic priming effects 93, 322, 449 Receptive cued recall 86–87, 91, 138–140, 145, 457–458 differential activation of language Semantic priming technique subsets 322–325 112–113, 450 92–93, 145, 457 (im)possibility of simultaneity Referential meaning 83, 144, 457 Sense model of bilingual memory 316–319, 335 Referents 114, 457 133–134, 134f language control 322–326, 324f, Regional cerebral blood flow Sentence completion paradigm/ 325f sentence generation language cue in preverbal (rCBF) 412 paradigm 224 message 325–326 Regions of interest (ROIs) 418 Sentence processing 206–216, methods and tasks 282–283 Register 288, 306 424–425 natural translation 320–321, Regression path duration 161 accents in L1 365–367 455 Relative strength hypothesis 309 age of acquisition (AoA) effects neuroimaging studies 444 Resonance, 297, 457, see also in L2 214 processing control 326–335 bilingual studies 206–207, transcoding 320, 321–322, 321f, Hebbian learning 209–216 459 Retroactive interference 351, competition model 212, 365 word retrieval 329–330, 331, methods and tasks 160–163 332f, 335 457 monolingual studies 207–208, working memory 330–334, Revised hierarchical model of 214–215 332f, 335 semantic lexical information summary 337–338 bilingual memory 85, 124, 208 Sleep: effect on learning 108 129–130, 130f, 134–144, 135f, semantic/syntactic anomalies SMA (supplementary motor 234 213–216 area) 250 counterevidence 141–142 syntactic ambiguity 206–208, SOA, see stimulus onset asynchrony directional effects of meaning 209–213 SOM (self-organization model) variables 137–138 summary 218–219 300 directional effects of semantic see also parsing Somatosensory cortex 417 priming 138–140 Sentence translation 443–444 SOMBIP (self-organizing model of directional effects of translation Sequential bilingualism 5, 12–13, bilingual processing) 298, priming 140–141 25–27, 448 300–302, 301f directional effects on translation Sequential recovery 295, 428, 448 SOPHIA (semantic, orthographic, latency 136–137 Shadowing task 335 phonological interactive two-step alternative view Sign language 53–54 activation model) 178f, 180, 142–143 cognitive effects of 181, 197, 198, 199, 204, 242, Rhythm 39–41 bilingualism 400 267 Right hemisphere 425–427 homesign 55–58, 57t Source language 279, 314, 458 ROIs (regions of interest) 418 Speaking span test 330, 331 Rote learning/rote-rehearsal Spectrograms 14, 458 learning/rote-repetition Spectrographs 458 learning 88, 99, 457 RSVP (rapid serial visual presentation) 160, 457

SUBJECT INDEX 513 Speech accent, see accents in first Successive bilingualism, see Transfer, see cross-linguistic language; accents in non-native sequential bilingualism influence speakers Successive recovery, see sequential Transitional bilingualism 356 Speech learning model 271–272, recovery Translation 279, 314 273 Sulcus (sulci) 415–416, 416f, 458 conceptually mediated Speech perception 11–12 Supervisory attentional system translation 319–320, 321f, motor theory of speech 322, 449 perception 267 (SAS) 304, 308 universal language timeline Supplementary motor area forms of translation 314–315, 20–21, 21t 315t, 319 (SMA) 250 Speech production 3, 12 Suprasegmental 458 natural translation 320–321, convergence problem 305 Syllable-based languages 38, 455 De Bot and Schreuder’s bilingual model 228–229 183–184 sentence translation 443 discrete two-stage processing Syllables 458 transcoding 320, 321–322, 321f, models 227 Sylvian fissure 408 interactive activation models Synforms 123–124, 458 459 227 Synonyms 305, 335, 458 see also word translation Levelt’s monolingual model Syntactic ambiguity 206–208, Translation priming effects 224–227, 225f, 228 methods and tasks 222–224 209–213 140–141, 189–190, 459 unidirectional cascaded- Syntactic mediation hypothesis Translation production task 91, processing models 227 universal language timeline 232 459 20–21, 21t Syntactic positive shift, see P600 Translation recognition task 91, summary 276–277 Syntactical knowledge 2 see also accents in non-native Syntagmatic relation 458 120, 128, 128t, 136, 459 speakers; word production Syntax 2 Transliteration 315t Syntax-first models 207–208, 458 Trilingual studies Speech segmentation prosodic bootstrapping 38–41 Tachistoscopic viewing paradigm cross-linguistic influences statistical bootstrapping 33–38 413–414, 429–432 343–346 Split-brain patients 415 Target language 7, 279, 314, 458 interaction effects 362–363 Spurious activation in non-native Task schemas 304, 307, 310 language control 290, 311–312, Task set inertia 309 listening 195–197 TCV (Total Conceptual 313, 439 SRN (simple recurrent network Matthew effect 101 Vocabulary) 17 vocabulary learning 132, 136, (SRN) model) 298–299 Telegraphic speech 407, 419 Stage of L2 acquisition Temporal lobe 408, 409f, 459 137, 142, 143 Tense 381–383 word recognition 202–203 hypothesis 430, 431 Thematic roles 160, 459 True cognates 121 Statistical bootstrapping 33–38 Thought, see divergent thinking; Typological distance 343, 459 Stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) Typological linguistics 459 linguistic relativity 140, 237, 238, 240–241, 242, Three-store model 295 Unbalanced bilinguals 4 245, 260 Time, concept of 372–373, 374, Unilingual translation 319 Stress-based languages 38 Uninstructed learning 88, 106, Stroop effect 164, 190, 458 381–383 interlingual Stroop effect 256, Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon 459 448 Unit similiarity effect 199 Stroop task 141, 190, 223, 125–126, 459 Universal grammar (UG) 19, 32, 254–255, 436, 441, 458 TMS (transcranial magnetic bilingual Stroop task 255–259, 48, 66, 459 281, 448 stimulation) 415 Universal language timeline Structural imaging techniques Total Conceptual Vocabulary 406 20–21, 21t Sublexical 458 (TCV) 17 Unstructured learning, see Subordinative bilingualism 5, 129, TRACE 198 130f, 131, 374, 449 Transcoding 320, 321–322, 321f, uninstructed learning Subtractive bilingualism 5, 342–343, 387, 447 459 Verb subcategorization frame 207 Transcortical motor aphasia 420 Verbalizer 228 Transcortical sensory aphasia Verbal–manual interference 420 paradigm 413, 414, 429–432 Transcranial magnetic stimulation Verbiage 86, 105–106, 453 Vertical translation, see (TMS) 415 Transcription 315t conceptually mediated translation Victor, wild boy of Aveyron 49, 50

514 SUBJECT INDEX Visual lexical decision task 168, Word production 6, 8 neighborhood effects 181–183 445 conceptual selection model out-of-context studies 166–172 (CSM) 261 parallel phonological Visual orientation procedure 40 language control 304–306 Vocabulary breadth 91, 459 methods and tasks 222–224 activation 183–199 Vocabulary depth 91, 144, 459 models of lexicalization in same-alphabet bilingualism Vocabulary development 17 229–236, 230f, 232f, 233f, 235f Vocabulary Levels Test 92 picture naming 236–254 183–188 Voice onset time (VOT) 14–15, Stroop task 254–259 SOPHIA 178f, 180, 181, 197, word translation 259–265, 443 14f, 18–19, 363–364, 364f, 459 summary 277–278 198, 199, 204 Voxels 418 see also speech production in spoken language Wada test 415 Word recognition 5–6, 8, 41–47, comprehension 191–197 Wernicke’s aphasia 420 43f, 155–206 spurious activation in non-native Wernicke’s area 406, 416, 419, BIA+ 180–181 listening 195–197 420–421, 420f, 423, 424, 425, BIA (bilingual interactive trilingual studies 202–203 432 type of stimulus 156 White matter 407, 459 activation model) 166, summary 216–218 Wolf children 49 177–180, 178f, 181–182, 198, Word retrieval 330–331, 332f, 335, Word association (discrete) 92, 204 262, 391, 459 bilingual studies 165–177, 423–424 Word association model 129–130, 183–202 Word translation 91, 141–142, 130f, 131, 131f, 132, 134–135 BIMOLA 197–199, 198f Word concreteness 106, 459 cognates 156, 199–205 222, 259–265 dual-coding theory 113, 114, in different alphabets/dialects cognate effect 261–263, 450 188–191 foreign vocabulary learning 106, in-context studies 172–176 263f 110, 113–114 interlexical homographs/ concreteness effect 263–264 in word translation 263–264 homophones 163–177, 166t translation errors 264–265 Word frequency 106, 114–115, language control 303–304 and word frequency 264 182, 459 and language loss 357–359, 358f as word production 259–261, Word generation 443 lexical access 155–156, 454 Word imageability 114, 459 methods and tasks 157–160, 443 Word naming tasks 157–158, 158f Word web 92, 144 200–201, 459–460 monolingual studies 163–165, Word–word association 88, 89, Word priming technique 159, 460 204 105–106, 455 Working memory and age of acquisition 75–76 and foreign vocabulary learning 116–117, 116f in simultaneous interpreting 330–334, 332f, 335