G7LP-8Data Representation in Computers

Lesson Plan – 1 Computer Science Data Representation in Computers Topic: Encoding Class: Period: Mode: Classroom/Lab Teacher: ____________________________________________________________________________________ Learning Support Assistant: ____________________________________________________________ S.M.A.R.T. Learning Objectives By the end of this session, students will be able to: 1. Understand encoding. 2. Identify some of the important encoding systems. Resources 1. websites https://www.asciitable.com/ and https://unicode.org/charts/ 2. Use the eContent to show the animated demos of the lesson. Session Conduction Engage: Discuss with students how birds and animals communicate with each other. Next, ask how do humans communicate with each other. Now tell them about the binary language of computers, which is a combination of zeros and ones and forms the most fundamental layer of information stored in computing systems. Computer software like compiler translates between binary information and the information we work with on a computer such as decimal numbers, text, photos, sound, and video. Concept introduction: All of the data stored and transmitted by digital devices is encoded as bits. Explain nibble, bit, byte, megabyte, etc. Now explain how every data is converted to binary digits. When a key on the keyboard is pressed, it is internally mapped to a unique code, which is further converted to a binary value for the computer to understand. Give an example of when the key ‘A’ is pressed, it is internally mapped to a decimal value 65 (code value), which is then converted to its equivalent binary value for the computer to understand. This

value will be the same for all the keyboards. How? It’s because of encoding which is the process of converting data into an equivalent specific code. There are many standard encoding schemes where each letter, numeral, and symbol are encoded or assigned a unique code. The most important of them are ASCII and Unicode. Concept Demo/Explanation: Explain which encoding system uses how many bits and represents how many characters. ASCII-8 code is used mostly in computers but ASCII is able to encode a character set of English language only. Unicode is now the universal standard for encoding all human languages and it even includes emojis. Download some charts from the internet for showing ASCII code and UNICODE Concept Practice: Give students some activities to find the following information from the internet. 1. Find out if the ASCII code for A or a is the same or not? 2. Find out the UNICODE value for A. 3. Find out which Indian languages are using UNICODE. Optional Activity: Ask students to find out do we need to install some additional tool or font to type in an Indian language using UNICODE? Find out about the Indian Script Code for Information Interchange (ISCII) Home Assignments 1. Revise the topic covered. 2. Practice the interactive exercises in Edusoft Smart App. 3. Solve any additional exercises on playground.edusoft.co.in Guided Assignment Students can visit https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/ascii-vs-unicode/ and discuss their findings with teachers. Evaluation After completing the lesson solve the exercises given in the book.

Lesson Plan - 2 Computer Science Data Representation in Computers Topic: Number System Class: Period: Mode: Classroom/Lab Teacher: ____________________________________________________________________________________ Learning Support Assistant: ____________________________________________________________ S.M.A.R.T. Learning Objectives By the end of this session, students will be able to: 1. Understand number systems. 2. Identify 4 number systems used in the context of computers 3. Conversion from one number system to another 4. Do binary calculations. Resources 1. URL https://www.rapidtables.com/convert/number/index.html. 2. Use the eContent to show the animated demos of the lesson. Session Conduction Engage: Revise the previous topic. Discuss numbers with students. What is the importance of numbers? How primitive man used to count? How can we find out how many people are standing in a queue? We know that in mathematics there are different types of numbers used whole numbers, natural numbers, even numbers, etc. 11 in numerals is 11 and in words written as eleven. That’s how numbers are used in calculation and counting in real life. The number system decides what digit or symbol can be used to form all the numbers. Concept introduction: Explain four types of number systems used in computer systems. How a number will be written in different systems. Also, the number system includes methods that allow conversion from one to another.

Using this number system, the computer understands the numbers and performs the various operations. Even the colors we use in HTML or any software are stored as a large number: a combination of red, green, and blue. Because it’s just a number, it can be represented in multiple ways using different number systems. Concept Demo/Explanation: If possible, show some pictures to explain the number system. Show some charts which show the conversion of some numbers. Using the examples of the chapter do conversions of decimal to binary, octal, hexadecimal, and vice versa. Explain with the book examples for binary calculations. Concept Practice: Give some questions for practice to students like representing 10111 in the decimal number system. Give many conversion activities and binary calculations for practice. Optional Activity: Students can visit https://www.rapidtables.com/convert/number/index.html and use it for doing number conversion. Home Assignments 1. Revise the topic covered. 2. Practice the interactive exercises in Edusoft Smart App. 3. Solve any additional exercises on playground.edusoft.co.in Guided Assignment Students can visit https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/what-is-a-number-system/ and https://www.purplemath.com/modules/numbbase.htm and discuss their findings with teachers. Evaluation After completing the lesson solve the exercises given in the book.