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167Vol. MONTHLY ENGLISH MAGAZINE Finland Named Happiest Country in the World 14 Workcations: Work and Vacation at the Same Time 18 What Are Personality Tests? 32 Sustainable Fashion 36 www.worldtimes.co.kr \\ 7,000 05 9 772005 107008 ISSN 2005-1077

Hotel by Philip Nikolayev Time to recount the sparrows of the air. Seated alone on an elected stair, I stare as they appear and disappear. Tonight the deck supports tremendous quiet, although the twilight is itself a riot. I’m glad I’m staying here, not at the Hyatt. My pen, eye, notes, watch, whiskey glass and hell all hang together comfortably well. Pain is my favorite resort hotel.



Contents MONTHLY ENGLISH MAGAZINE NEWS FOCUS OPINION 10 WORLD FEATURES 08 THE WORLD IN RETROSPECT Heliophysics Pioneer Eugene Parker Dies Canada Accepts Ukrainian Refugees Aged 94 14 PERSPECTIVE 12 HOT NEWS Finland Named Happiest Country in the World Kimchi Gains Popularity Around the World 16 ARTS 34 CELEBRITY TRACKS Kwon Jin Kyu Centennial: Angel of Atelier Oh My Girl Releases New Album 18 WORLD ON THE MOVE 36 SPECIAL REPORT What Is a Workcation? Sustainable Fashion 20 WORLD MATTERS 38 ACROSS THE GLOBE The EU Announces Crackdown on Fast Lithium Mining Puts Flamingos at Risk in Fashion South America 22 PHOTO NEWS 39 PEOPLE Photo News Suzy Lee Wins the Hans Christian Andersen Award 24 EXPLORE THE IDEA Greenwashing 40 CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES Should We Bring Back Extinct Animals? 26 THE WORLD OF TOMORROW 42 ENTERTAINMENT Paris To Build New Cable Car System ‘Avatar 2’ To Be Released in December 28 IN SPOTLIGHT 44 BEYOND THE WINDOW Korean Citrus Fruit To Be Grown in the United The History of the Leaning Tower of Pisa States 46 SPORTS WARRIORS 30 KNOW RIGHT NOW Woo Sang-hyeok Wins Gold Medal at World ‘Stan’ the T. Rex Moves Into a New Home Indoor Athletics Championships 32 HEALTH 48 ON THE ROAD What Are Personality Tests? Istanbul



Board & Staff Chairman Lee Deog-soo / [email protected] President & CEO Lee Jee-yea / [email protected] Vice Chairman Han In-soon Copy Editor Sterling Ah San / [email protected] Staff Reporters Yejin Hwang Yesel Kang Jungyoon Lee Design Team Manager Seo Hye-jin / [email protected] Designers Jung Woo-vin, Kim Mi-so On-line Team Designers Kim Dong-woo, Jung Woo-young Division Chiefs Customer Support Choi Sung-sook / [email protected] Ok Jin-joo, Kim Mi-jeong Management and Planning Kim Yong-hee Sales Planning Kim Jung-hun / [email protected] General Affairs Kim Jung-hun / [email protected] Customer Support Team Kim Hyo-joung, Ann Do-yeon, Lee Young-hee, Kim Seong-ju, Han Eun-sun, Eo Young-ja ㈜타임즈코어 / 등록번호: 영등포, 라00174 / 등록일자: 2007년 08월 27일 / 제호: The World Times / 발행인: 이덕수 / 편집인: 이지예 / 발행소: 서울시 서초구 바우뫼로41길 18(양재동 6-38) 윈윈센터 3층 / 발행일자: 2008년 07월 01일 / 전화번호: 02-392-3800 / 청소년보호책임자: 김정훈



The World in Retrospect Yesel Kang Staff Reporter Dr. Eugene Newman Parker, a world-renowned astrophysicist and the namesake of the ongoing Parker Solar Probe mission, passed away peacefully at his home in Chicago on Mar. 15. He was 94. Hailed as a visionary in the field of heliophysics, Parker revolutionized our understanding of the sun and its effects on Earth and other bodies within the solar system, as well as the varying conditions in space. Parker’s contributions to science were so influential that NASA even stated that “the field of heliophysics exists in large part because of Dr. Eugene Parker.” Eugene Parker is best known for his groundbreaking theory on the existence of a phenomenon called “solar wind” – a continuous stream of charged particles that flow off the sun and across the solar system at a million miles per hour. He theorized that the solar wind can become violent, causing disruptive space weather that impacts the Earth. When Parker’s research was published in 1958, his theory was initially met with skepticism and ridicule by the scientific community. The prevailing view at the time was that the space between planets was an absolute vacuum, and was thus entirely devoid of any matter. But, there were no errors in his study or his calculations, and the theory was later proven to be correct in 1962, when a NASA spacecraft mission to Venus revealed the constant presence of a supersonic wind – exactly as Parker had predicted. Subsequent observations of the structure and dynamics of the solar wind breathed new life into the scientific exploration of the inner solar system during the 1960s, and the concept quickly became a cornerstone of modern astrophysics. 8

In the following decades, Parker broadened his research to unravel the complex physics behind cosmic rays, galactic magnetic fields, the dynamics of plasma, and other such phenomena. Parker’s wide interests resulted in his name being strewn across the field of astrophysics, with an array of scientific concepts taking on his name. In 2018, Parker became the first living scientist to witness the launch of a spacecraft that was named in his honor. NASA’s Parker Solar Probe is currently traveling around the sun, gathering critical data that will help unlock the mysteries of the star at the center of our solar system. On board the spacecraft is a memory card carrying photos of Parker, a copy of his 1958 paper on solar wind, and more than 1.1 million names that were submitted by the public. The chip was mounted onto a plaque that reads, “The Parker Solar Probe mission is dedicated to Dr. Eugene N. Parker whose profound contributions have revolutionized our understanding of the sun and solar wind. ‘Let’s see what lies ahead.’ Gene Parker, July 2017.” The World Times May 2022 9

World Features Ryan Lim For The World Times Due to Russia’s invasion, more than two million people have reportedly fled Ukraine and are seeking refuge in other countries. Many of these refugees have been dispersed across Europe into neighboring nations. However, Canada, a nation that is outside of Europe, has opened its doors to help. 10

Canada now boasts the world’s second-largest Ukrainian population outside of Ukraine. Canadians, who are generally known for their kindness, have a rich tradition of welcoming others from different countries who are in need. Canada accepted refugees from Vietnam in the 1970s, and more recently, it took in refugees from both Syria and Afghanistan. But, Canada recently took a much more active approach toward helping the Ukrainians who were fleeing this conflict. Canada’s Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has introduced a special policy, which allows an unlimited number of Ukrainians fleeing the war to apply to stay in Canada for up to two years. The policy includes preferential treatment for those who have family in Canada, and it allows the Ukrainians who are currently living in Canada to extend their visas. Many have welcomed the policy, but concerns have been raised that the influx of Ukrainian refugees may affect the visa processing times for non-Ukrainian refugees. The World Times May 2022 11

Hot News Yejin Hwang Staff Reporter Due to the rise of Korean record, as it is the highest culture, Korean foods have figure since the ministry started recently been gaining huge to collect data on the exports momentum worldwide. Kimchi, of kimchi. Moreover, the a Korean side dish made from number of importing countries fermented cabbage, is among increased from 61 countries in the many Korean foods that are 2011 to 89 countries in 2021. capturing the world’s interest The exponential growth in the at the moment. According to popularity of kimchi can be Korea’s Ministry of Agriculture, attributed to its amazing health Food and Rural Affairs, exports benefits, including the reduced of kimchi reached a staggering risk of cancer, diabetes, and $159.9 million (W195 billion) in heart disease. In line with this 2021, which is a 10.7 percent trend, many Korean companies increase in comparison to have recently been rolling out 2020. This figure sets a new various kimchi products. 12

Daesang is one company that is producing the aforementioned products. It recently became the first Korean company to produce kimchi products in the United States, opening its first kimchi factory in Los Angeles. The establishment of this new factory was caused by the need to meet the needs of consumers in the United States. This new factory is currently producing a total of 10 types of kimchi products that are specially tailored to local tastes. These kimchi products include gluten-free kimchi, vegan kimchi, white kimchi, beet kimchi, and cabbage kimchi, all of which are sold under the company’s “Jongga” brand. As the factory aims to increase its annual sales to W100 billion by 2025, it is planning to sell its aforementioned kimchi products in various American supermarket chains, such as Costco, following the brand’s entry into Walmart back in 2021. Meanwhile, this new factory is the company’s 10th kimchi factory to begin operating outside of Korea. Indonesia, Vietnam, China, and the Philippines are some of the other countries that feature the company’s kimchi factories. In addition, CJ CheilJedang is another company that is currently rushing to expand its presence in the United States and in various European countries. One of the company’s most popular kimchi products has been made without using any salted seafood ingredients. The company plans to export its kimchi products to an American supermarket chain that currently operates approximately 70 stores across the country before the end of 2022. CJ CheilJedang will also establish itself in the United Kingdom. A company official said that the United Kingdom ranked in the top five countries that imported kimchi from Korea in 2021, adding that the sales of kimchi in the Netherlands also increased by 50 percent since the pandemic began. The World Times May 2022 13

Perspective Boram Ma For The World Times The annual happiness index, sponsored by the melancholy. It encourages people to subdue U.N., has placed Finland at the top spot for the their feelings of joy, shying away from displaying fifth year in a row. Northern European countries happiness in public. But, as Jukka Viitasaari, a dominated the top spots, with Denmark in second local of Helsinki said, “Someone from outside place, Iceland in third, followed by Switzerland needed to tell us that we had it good compared to and the Netherlands. The U.S. took the 16th spot, lots of other places!” which was one ahead of the U.K. Interestingly, this subdued happiness may be at The index was compiled using Gallup polls the root of the real happiness they feel. When from each country regarding the participants’ Washington Post contributor Kinsey Gidick stayed sense of well-being. The index also used each with a host family in Finland, she spent Christmas country’s GDP as well as levels of social support, Eve with them. They shared a nice meal and corruption, and personal freedom to score each exchanged small gifts. When everyone retired country. Finland has been able to maintain the to their rooms, Gidick shut her bedroom door top spot because of its excellent public services, tightly as she opened up the enormous boxes people’s trust in their government, low crime and of Christmas gifts that were sent to her from her inequality, and the beautiful nature that pervades home in America. The next day, the two sisters the country. The country’s unique sauna culture from the family saw the pile of open boxes. They also seems to have a big effect on the people’s looked at it nonchalantly and said, “Oh, that’s happiness. nice.” Without showing any feelings of jealousy, they walked away. Most of the countries share similar features that have brought them to the top spot. They had In Finland, there is a sense that everything is great social welfare, high levels of wealth, honest provided for. All citizens have their basic needs governance, and a culture of generosity. Many met, so there is no need for big, expensive also feature stunning natural beauty that its cars, lavish homes, or high positions in good citizens enjoy regularly. companies. But, what makes Finland so special? When Perhaps, happiness really isn’t about owning Finland was first ranked at the top spot in bigger and better things. It is most likely found in 2018, many of the locals did not believe it. In the small pleasures of life. fact, the country has a culture that is based on 14

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Arts Yejin Hwang Staff Reporter In commemoration of the 100th anniversary March 1972. This poem represents Kwon’s of the birth of the late sculptor Kwon Jin- attitude toward art as well as the hope he kyu, a special exhibition is now being held held for a better future. Therefore, visitors at the Seoul Museum of Art in Jung-gu. If will learn more about Kwon’s view of the you are interested in learning about Korean world by visiting this exhibition. One of the modern sculpture, this exhibition would be female sculptures, the name of which can great to attend, as Kwon was one of the be translated as A Woman With a Scarf in leading pioneers of modern sculpture in English, is one of Kwon’s most impressive Korea. Kwon was particularly known for works and is currently on display at the the way he realistically produced sculptural exhibition. Produced in the 1960s, the figures, which he often used to express the sculpture was modeled after Kwon’s dark side of human emotions and feelings. mother. The sculpture is special due to the Throughout his career, Kwon mainly way that Kwon depicted her shoulder lines, produced female sculptures as well as which go sharply downwards and create sculptural figures that were modeled after visual tension. Moreover, the sculpture is himself. also special due to the way Kwon depicted his mother’s scarf in a similar color to her At the exhibition, which is titled Kwon Jin hair. Kyu Centennial: Angel of Atelier, visitors can see approximately 240 works that The exhibition is open to the public from range from drawings and oil paintings to Tuesday to Sunday until May 22. Every sculptures. Kwon’s fans must be familiar Thursday and Saturday, a special guided with the phrase “angel of atelier” that tour is offered by two of Kwon’s family was used in the title, as it featured in his members. Meanwhile, the exhibition poem that appeared in The Chosun Ilbo in requires no admission fee. 16

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World on the Move Arthur Koo For The World Times A fairly new phenomenon called a encouraging people to continue working “workcation” is becoming a trend during the from home while the world is enduring its pandemic. “Workcation” is a hybrid word third year of the pandemic, workcations are that combines “work” and “vacation.” With increasing. 85 percent of Indians stated in many workers being forced to work from a poll that they took a workcation last year. home, some have taken the opportunity And over 25 percent of Canadians said to book nice hotels in exotic places to they planned on taking one this year. continue working. It is being viewed as a rather interesting alternative to working While many may believe that work and from a cramped space at one’s house. pleasure do not mix, the pandemic has changed some people’s opinions. We have Workcations have evolved from another all had to adapt in one way or another more familiar concept called “bleisure,” during the pandemic. For some, their which combines the words “business” homes have become their offices. The and “leisure.” It is the practice of adding a pandemic has given people opportunities day off to a business trip so that one can to experience different ways of working that enjoy the local sights. With companies they haven’t tried before. 18

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World Matters Yesel Kang Staff Reporter The EU’s European Commission is tackling the world’s current “take-make-dispose” linear economy by expanding its existing “ecodesign” requirements to almost all goods – starting with textiles. The new initiative, which was presented by the commission on Mar. 30, has the overarching goal of ending the fast fashion industry’s throwaway culture by 2030. According to the commission, it will allow the EU to transition to a more circular economy, thus reducing the pressure on natural resources and creating new economic opportunities. It is estimated that the average European buys 26 kg of clothing, shoes, and other textile goods every year. About 11 kg of textile products are thrown away every year as well. Globally, less than 1 percent of today’s textiles get recycled into new clothes, while most of our clothing ends up in landfills and incinerators. Not only is this wasteful, but it is also extremely detrimental to the environment. 20

A briefing from the European Environment Agency disclosed that textile consumption now has the fourth-highest impact on the environment and climate in Europe, just after food consumption, housing, and transport. Additionally, compared with other sectors, the textile industry ranked the third-highest overall for water and land use. It ranked the fifth-highest for its use of raw materials and for its greenhouse gas emissions in 2020. Unfortunately, with global textile production and consumption expected to increase by 63 percent before 2030, the negative impacts on resources, water, energy consumption, and the climate will only continue to grow. To address the issue of fast fashion, the European Commission published the EU Strategy for Sustainable and Circular Textiles. The document lays out several measures addressing the way textiles should be designed, consumed, and discarded. The hope is that these new standards will allow sustainable, long-lasting products to become “the norm on the European market.” The strategy proposes new design regulations for textiles, such as a new mandatory minimum for the amount of recycled content in goods, which manufacturers in the EU must adhere to. Under these regulations, manufacturers would also need to ensure that their products are both hard- wearing and easily recyclable. And the manufacturers would need to provide consumers with clear information on how long a product will last and how it may be mended. Other recommended measures include tighter controls on greenwashing, increased support for research, innovation, and investments in green and digital transitions, and the co-creation of a transition pathway that will establish the way forward. The strategy also seeks to tackle the unintentional release of microplastics from textiles and the challenges related to halting the export of textile waste. The commission calls on textile producers to reduce the number of clothing collections released per year. It urges them to take greater responsibility for their products and to minimize their carbon footprints. The EU’s member states have also been encouraged to adopt favorable taxation measures for the reuse and repair sector. The commission fur ther proposes that designers, producers, retailers, advertisers, and citizens be mobilized to encourage a shift toward ethical and sustainable fashion. The World Times May 2022 21

Photo News Arthur Koo For The World Times 22

Source: CNN Source: Red Bull 1. Dress Code To Change for Tokyo Students 2. Skydivers Prepare for Dangerous Stunt These students in Tokyo are all wearing World-famous skydiver Luke Aikins will be the same type of clothing. The dress attempting a mid-air plane swap stunt on code for the public school system in Apr. 24. Aikins was a stuntman and Navy the Japanese capital has been strict SEAL trainer, and he has been carefully for decades. However, the dress code planning this stunt for decades. Aikins will is changing, and many rules will be perform this stunt with his cousin Andy removed. Farrington. Source: Marine Mammal Center Source: CNN 3. Gray Whales Are Dying 4. Ship Hits Seabed in the Dominican Republic Northern Pacific gray whales have been Norwegian Escape, pictured above, is a dying at an alarming rate since 2019. cruise ship that struck the seabed as it Scientists think that the whales’ deaths was leaving the port from Puerto Plata in may be caused by climate change. the Dominican Republic on Mar. 14. The Approximately 500 whales have been cruise company has canceled found stranded like the one in the picture the rest of the trip, with during the past few years. passengers having to return home. The next cruise has also been called off. The World Times May 2022 23

Explore the Idea Yesel Kang Staff Reporter As the impacts of climate change become ever more apparent, an increasing number of people have begun moving toward a greener way of living. Corporations, businesses, and brands have, of course, noticed this trend. And many have stepped up their efforts in promoting their products and services as being environmentally sound. But, just because something has been branded as eco-friendly, sustainable, vegan, or green doesn’t mean that it always is. If you’re not careful, you could fall victim to a deceitful practice known as greenwashing. “Greenwashing” or “green sheen” is a common marketing ploy used by disingenuous organizations and individuals to make their products, aims, and policies seem more sustainable and environmentally friendly than they are in reality. Companies involved in greenwashing behavior make unsubstantiated or exaggerated claims that mislead their customers into believing that they are making positive environmental choices. There are also those that try to deflect public attention from the environmental harm they cause or even go as far as to cast themselves as allies in the fight for climate justice. While some forms of greenwashing are unintentional and may result from a lack of knowledge, most are intentionally carried out through a wide range of deceptive marketing and public relations efforts. 24

The problem with greenwashing is that it can lead well-intentioned consumers into becoming an unwitting part of the problem. For instance, people may choose to consume more of a product that presents itself to be “sustainable” because they erroneously believe its impact to be low, or choose it over an alternative that is actually less harmful to the environment. Vague and misleading buzzwords such as “biodegradable” and “plastic-free” can also lead consumers into using or disposing of a product in a way that is counterproductive. Another unintentional impact of greenwashing is that it can undermine people’s trust in sustainability claims as a whole. With so many products claiming to be environmentally friendly, it can be exhausting and difficult to pick out the authentic claims from the false ones. Trust issues and confusion have often been found to be major barriers to people buying sustainable brands. So, what can we do to avoid being tricked by greenwashing? The easiest way to spot which brands are guilty of greenwashing is to check if they come with information that supports their claims. Companies that are truly committed to sustainable goals try to back themselves with concrete facts and details. So, when you come across green claims, such as “organic,” “sustainably made,” or “recycled,” take a closer look at the packaging to see if they’re accompanied by official certifications and detailed information about the components of the product. If they do not, they are likely to be greenwashing. The World Times May 2022 25

The World of Tomorrow Ryan Lim For The World Times How many forms of transportation exist in your Construction is expected to begin later this city? Most cities usually offer many different year, and the service should open sometime types of public transit, such as subway systems, in 2025. It will be titled “Cable 1” and will help buses, and trams. Usually, these modes of many commuters from the Parisian suburbs transportation either exist above or below the make their way into the city in less than half ground. While buses and cars can be found the time it typically takes by bus. The project is above the ground, subway systems exist below expected to cost around $145 million (W175.75 it. However, a new type of transportation is set billion). The cabins will be small and will only to be added to one of the world’s most famous hold about 10 passengers. However, they will and romanticized cities – Paris. come quite frequently, arriving approximately every 30 seconds during rush hour. Cable cars, The city of Paris is planning to build its very such as these, exist in other French cities like first urban cable car, allowing people to travel Brest and Grenoble, and the French capital will above the city. The proposal includes plans for soon have them too. a 4.5 km long aerial path that will connect Paris’ southeastern suburbs with the Paris Metro. 26

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In Spotlight Yejin Hwang Staff Reporter 28

As Korean pop culture sweeps across the world, everything related to Korea has been gaining immense popularity worldwide. Due to this trend, it is possible that Korean agricultural products could capture the world’s interest in the near future. This makes sense, as a Korean citrus variety is set to be harvested in the United States very soon. On Mar. 21, the Rural Development Administration of Korea announced that a technology transfer agreement was made between the organization and an American citrus producer in relation to a Korean citrus variety named “Tamnabong,” which was developed in Korea in 2010. This agreement comes from the American citrus producer’s decision to harvest the Korean citrus variety instead of a Japanese citrus variety named “Bujihwa” that it had been cultivating previously. Known as a mutant variety of “Bujihwa,” “Tamnabong” has a sugar content of approximately 15 degrees Brix, which is around 1 degree Brix higher than the Japanese citrus variety. Another thing to note about the Korean citrus variety is that it is larger than the Japanese citrus variety. Meanwhile, the Korean citrus variety weighs around 280 g. According to the contract, which will last until 2035, the American citrus producer will harvest 236,000 trees in total. It will also have to pay a royalty of $1.25 (W1,500) for each tree, which will eventually amount to $295,000 (W365 million). Moreover, it is only allowed to harvest and sell the Korean citrus fruit in the United States in order to prevent any damage that could be inflicted on local farmers in Korea. The entry of “Tamnabong” into the United States is worthy of immense attention, as it is the first time for a Korean citrus variety to be cultivated outside of Korea. According to the Rural Development Administration, the entry itself deserves immense attention, as it means that the Korean citrus variety has been recognized, in terms of its quality, in the United States – one of the most powerful citrus- producing countries in the world. The World Times May 2022 29

Know Right Now Yesel Kang Staff Reporter 30

Since being sold for a jaw-dropping $31.8 million (W38.5 billion) at an auction on Oct. 5 last year, the whereabouts of one of the largest and most complete Tyrannosaurus rex skeletons ever discovered has been a mystery that has gnawed at paleontologists all over the world. For years, the fossil has been a key source of information on the iconic predator from the Late Cretaceous period. It provided crucial data that has, in turn, contributed to several findings about the past, such as the dinosaur’s incredible bite force and how its bones healed after severe injuries. After the famous skeleton disappeared from the public eye, paleontologists grew concerned that the 67 million-year-old fossil would be forever lost to science. There were also fears that its astronomical price tag would further fuel the illegal fossil trade and hinder museums from being able to obtain specimens for research and display. However, many of these worries were put to rest more than a year later, when the T. rex affectionately known as “Stan” finally resurfaced in Abu Dhabi. Earlier this year, National Geographic managed to determine that a 5.6-ton shipment worth $31,847,500 (W38.5 billion) – Stan’s exact sale price – was exported from New York to the United Arab Emirates in May 2021. In the ensuing interview with Abu Dhabi’s Department of Culture and Tourism, it was confirmed that the approximately 11.7-m long, 4-m high skeleton will soon be the crown jewel of the future Natural History Museum Abu Dhabi that is currently being constructed on Saadiyat Island, a high-profile cultural district in the capital of the United Arab Emirates. Scheduled to be completed in 2025, the museum has ambitious plans to present the history of life on Earth as well as the broader 13.8 billion-year-old story of the universe. The revelation of Stan’s new home was one that was welcomed by the greater scientific community. Paleontologists were greatly relieved to learn that the invaluable specimen would continue to act as an ambassador for dinosaurs, paleontology, and science in general – introducing new generations to the wonders of the prehistoric world. The World Times May 2022 31

Health Yesel Kang Staff Reporter The human personality is a rather complex and bewildering thing to study. In order to gain a better understanding of the subject, people have attempted to find increasingly reliable ways to measure and classify personalities. These eventually gave way to the modern personality tests that we use today. 32

Personality tests pose a series of questions or involves having the test subject read a number ambiguous images that are meant to help assess of multiple-choice questions or statements and the test taker’s personality. Once completed, then rating how well the described qualities or the collected answers will indicate what “type” characteristics apply to them. The famous Myers- of personality the test taker has. Nowadays, Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a self-report these tests are administered for a wide variety inventory test. The biggest advantage of self- of purposes. They’re used to assess theories, report inventories is that they are standardized evaluate the effectiveness of therapies, diagnose and use established norms. Therefore, they’re psychological problems, examine personality easy to administer and tend to have much higher changes, and even screen job candidates. reliability and validity than projective tests. On the Personality testing has become a multibillion- other hand, these tests are particularly vulnerable dollar industry, and it is used by individuals, to deception, as people can easily fake answers schools, corporations, and even government to appear more socially acceptable and desirable. agencies around the globe. The second category involves presenting the The majority of the tests that are used by test subject with ambiguous scenes, objects, experts today are based on the “Big Five” or scenarios and then asking them to give personality model. This theory posits that the their interpretations of the test items. These human personality can be measured across five descriptions are then used to assess the broad dimensions: extraversion, agreeableness, individual’s unconscious fears, desires, and conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to challenges. The most well-known example of change. Some tests refer to these five dimensions a projective test is the Rorschach Inkblot Test. by different labels or focus on one or two of This type of personality test is usually used in them more than the others. Some even break psychotherapy settings, where it allows therapists these dimensions further into smaller “subtraits” to gather a great deal of information about their or divide the traits differently. While this model clients in a relatively short amount of time. The is not as popular among ordinary people as the subjective nature of a projective test can become Myers-Briggs personality format, the Big Five is a problem, however, as different people may generally viewed by the scientific community as provide different interpretations of the responses the most reliable means of measuring personality. given. It describes people by using a spectrum of traits, which is a much more valid and evidence-based means of understanding one’s personality. Essentially, the personality tests we use today fall into two categories: self-report inventories and projective tests. The first category typically The World Times May 2022 33

Celebrity Tracks Jungyoon Lee Staff Reporter 34

On Mar. 28, Oh My Girl, one of Korea’s popular girl groups, released its second full album Real Love, which includes 10 songs. The members of Oh My Girl are Hyojung, Mimi, YooA, Seunghee, Jiho, Yubin, and Arin. According to Melon, the title song, “Real Love,” is a song about the unique moment when everything around you appears to be new and exotic when you fall in love. The song has delightful melodies that work together perfectly with Oh My Girl’s colorful vocals. Since the group’s debut in 2015, Oh My Girl has consistently demonstrated musical growth. Its songs, such as “Nonstop,” “Dun Dun Dance,” and “The Fifth Season,” have received a lot of attention from fans and listeners. One viewer commented on Oh My Girl’s video and said that it was fantastic to see the group always growing and improving. Another viewer commented that the group’s lyrics and melodies seemed like beautiful poetry and that the music seemed to give many people hope. Oh My Girl’s members have spread positive energy to many people by participating in other activities, such as MCing and variety shows. Many people look forward to seeing the group’s bright energy and sophisticated music during the album’s promotional activities. The World Times May 2022 35

Special Report Yesel Kang Staff Reporter W As the effects of climate change become more evident, the issue of sustainability is becoming increasingly important. People are becoming more proactive and more conscious in the decisions they take in order to reduce their impacts on the planet. Meanwhile, the fashion industry is also slowly but surely responding to this shift in consumer priorities. Sustainable fashion is being seen as the next big thing in the fashion landscape, but what does this entail exactly? And what can we do as consumers to support this movement? In 1987, the United Nations Brundtland Commission defined sustainability as “meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” In other words, it is about not using more resources than the planet can naturally replace, as well as not producing something that the planet can’t naturally break down and reabsorb. Sustainability, in the context of fashion, takes into account the entire supply chain and life cycle of a product – from where and how it is made to where it ends up. Sustainable fashion involves garments that are produced, used, and reused in ways that have minimal impact on the environment and can literally be sustained for an indefinite period of time. 36

Sustainable fashion tackles complex environmental issues that the fashion industry touches upon. Sustainable brands have to consider ways to cut carbon dioxide emissions, address overproduction, reduce pollution and waste, support biodiversity, and ensure that garment workers are paid a fair wage and have safe working conditions. Considering the number of factors involved, it is no wonder that there are very few brands out there that can be labeled sustainable. Some of the most well-known sustainable fashion companies and brands include Patagonia, Eileen Fisher, Stella McCartney, Mara Hoffman, and Pact. They offer stylish clothing made from organic or recycled materials and are known to engage in other sustainable practices. Despite its recent hype, the sustainable fashion movement still has a long way to go. As a consumer, there are small steps that you can take each day to pave the path toward a more sustainable fashion future. The first and most sustainable fashion decision that you can make is to make the best of what you already have through proper care and repair. You can extend the life of your wardrobe and save energy and water by washing your clothes less often, washing with cold water, handwashing rather than machine washing, and line drying instead of machine drying. If something gets stained or damaged, you can learn to mend it yourself. There are, after all, plenty of creative DIY videos online that you can consult. Borrowing, swapping, and renting clothes are also great ways to freshen up your everyday look without buying anything. And if you really must buy something, try to buy less and invest in ethically made pieces that will last longer. The World Times May 2022 37

Across the Globe Ryan Lim For The World Times The flamingo is an iconic bird. Its popularity is driven 1 ton of lithium. This amount of water is coming by its distinct look. The special bird is known for its directly from the flamingos’ habitat and has resulted beautiful pink color, long legs, small body, and long in a decrease in their population. Flamingos in the neck. Lithium is a special element, as it is used in area decreased in population by roughly 10 to 12 lithium-ion batteries. These batteries are important, percent between 2002 and 2013. especially these days, as nearly all cell phones, laptops, and electric cars use them. What could these seemingly unrelated things possibly have in common with each other? Flamingos and lithium inhabit some of the same regions of the planet. There are six species of flamingos and three of them are located in South America. Additionally, many of the areas in which flamingos live are part of South America’s “lithium triangle.” This is where more than half of the world’s lithium comes from. However, as the mining of lithium requires a large amount of water, the mining process is putting the flamingos’ lives at risk. In Chile, the Salar de Atacama is home to 30 percent of all the lithium in the world. It also happens to be one of the driest places on Earth. However, that doesn’t stop lithium miners from sourcing water locally. Nathan Senner, a population ecologist at the University of South Carolina estimates that around 400,000 L of water would be needed to produce 38

People Yejin Hwang Staff Reporter Suzy Lee, a Korean writer and illustrator of children’s books, recently made headlines around the world for becoming the recipient of the Hans Christian Andersen Award in the illustration section this year. The Hans Christian Andersen Award, which was founded in 1956, is one of the world’s most prestigious awards, and it honors influential writers and illustrators from all across the world in recognition of their contribution to children’s literature. Due to this, the award is often called the “Nobel Prize for children’s literature.” Meanwhile, the biennial Hans Christian Andersen Awards ceremony is organized by the International Board on Books for Young People, which is a Switzerland-based non- profit organization that aims to inspire children through books. Lee’s recent achievement can be attributed to her latest book, Summer, which was published in July 2021. As we can assume from the title, the book revolves around the beauty of summer. This summer-themed book was inspired by one of Antonio Vivaldi’s most famous pieces, The Four Seasons: Summer. With this feat, Lee should be given a big round of applause, as she became the first Korean writer to ever receive this award. Meanwhile, Lee was nominated for the same award in 2016, but she didn’t receive it. In addition, Lee became the first Asian writer to accomplish this achievement since Japanese writer Mitsumasa Anno’s win in 1984. Thanks to Lee’s achievement, the average sales of her award-winning book recently increased by approximately 200 times compared to the previous week’s average. The World Times May 2022 39

Controversial Issues Should We Bring Back Extinct Animals? Sterling Ah San Copy Editor What’s This About? For many years, scientists have been researching technologies that could bring extinct animals back from the dead. This type of science is called “de-extinction.” Scientists use cloning and gene-editing technology to recreate animals that were extinct. This type of science became popular in the Jurassic Park and the Jurassic World movie series, but scientists now think that de-extinction may be possible very soon. So, should we bring back extinct animals? Let’s find out! 40

This house believes that we should bring back extinct animals. Pro Con “I agree…” “I disagree…” Since humankind has caused so much De-extinction isn’t the solution to our harm to the animals and the environment of environmental problems. We shouldn’t be this planet, being able to bring back extinct playing God with other creatures on this animals will help us to reverse the damage planet. Instead of bringing back animals in that we have done. Scientists will be able to order to make up for our past environmental use technology to bring back animals from the wrongdoing, humankind should protect the dead or to reproduce various animals to boost environment by reducing our waste and their numbers in the wild. According to the emissions. Bringing animals back from the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species, there dead comes with many risks, and it may cause are over “40,000 species that are threatened more harm to our planet. First, the planet has with extinction.” This is around 28 percent of changed a lot since many of these animals all the animals in the world. If we are able to went extinct. Introducing the woolly mammoth utilize technology to help increase the numbers into today’s environment may be a recipe for of these animals, we will be able to help disaster, as the animal may not even survive many of the endangered species to survive. in our current temperatures and climate. Furthermore, we will also be able to reintroduce Second, the animals may cause dangers to other species of animals that became extinct our environment and humans. If the Jurassic in the past. Scientists are currently working on Park and Jurassic World movies are correct, bringing back the woolly mammoth, an animal introducing creatures from the past may be that went extinct approximately 4,000 years dangerous. The animals may become invasive, ago. Scientists believe that bringing back this spread disease, or even kill other species. animal will help the environment, as woolly Finally, scientific experiments to achieve mammoths helped to maintain grasslands by de-extinction use technologies that can be knocking down trees and providing fertilizer cruel and inhumane. An experiment that was with their droppings. Bringing back extinct conducted in 2008 used the genes of dead animals will have positive benefits for animal mice to create new mice. Out of 1,100 attempts, populations and the environment. only seven of the mice survived. Experiments like this are very cruel. We shouldn’t try to bring back extinct animals. The World Times May 2022 41

Entertainment 42

Yejin Hwang Staff Reporter If you are a film enthusiast, you may find yourself rushing to a theater at the end of the year. 20th Century Studios recently announced that the long-awaited Avatar 2 is set to hit theaters in the United States on Dec. 16 this year. Meanwhile, the release date of the upcoming movie has not yet been confirmed in Korea. Fans of the Avatar film series would have been elated to hear the news, as it took 13 years for the second movie in the series to be released. The original premiered in December 2009. There are several reasons why there has been such a long wait between the original and its sequel. Although the sequel was originally scheduled for a 2014 release, its release date was postponed due to the need to invent new technologies for the movie’s production. The delay can also be attributed to Disney’s acquisition of 20th Century Fox, which is now known as 20th Century Studios, in 2019. In addition, the upcoming movie was delayed multiple times due to the pandemic. This much-anticipated movie will be set primarily in the oceans of Pandora – the fictional extrasolar moon populated by the film series’ iconic Na’vi tribe. In the upcoming movie, Jake and Neytiri adopt a human baby named Miles Socorro, who was born at a military base on Pandora. Furthermore, another movie in the series, Avatar 3 , is scheduled to hit theaters in December 2024, according to 20th Century Studios. The World Times May 2022 43

Beyond the Window Yesel Kang Staff Reporter 44

The Leaning Tower of Pisa has long fascinated people from all over the world. Thousands of tourists flock to the iconic tilted building every year to marvel at its precarious position and take fun, optical illusion photos. But, what is the story behind this strangely positioned tower? In the 12th century, the Republic of Pisa initiated a grand project to transform its cathedral square into a magnificent landmark to flaunt its vast wealth. Four religious edifices were to be constructed on what is known today as Piazza dei Miracoli (the Square of Miracles). But, problems quickly arose after construction began on the third major building on the piazza – the campanile – in 1173. The ground that the monuments were being built on was extremely soft and shifted often, as it was composed of clay, fine sand, and deposits from the Arno and Serchio rivers. By the time the builders had finished the second of the tower’s eight stories in 1178, the tower’s southern side was already sinking into the soft ground. Normally, such a shifting foundation would have been a fatal flaw, but the construction was halted at the fourth story for nearly a century, as Pisa descended into prolonged warfare. This long pause allowed the foundation to settle further, which prevented any likely collapse. When construction began again in 1272, the construction workers tried to compensate for the tower’s minor tilt by making the following stories taller on the southern side. But, the weight of the extra masonry only made that side sink even deeper. By the time they had completed the bell chamber in the late 14th century, the angle of the tilt was 1.6 degrees. Over the next six centuries, the tower continued to sink at an annual rate of 0.05 inches, and by 1990, it was tilted at a critical angle of 5.5 degrees. Fearing that the monument had reached its tipping point, the officials had it closed to visitors while engineers attempted to stabilize it. The solution that they eventually found was a simple one. They slowly removed a small amount of soil from beneath the northern side of the tower’s foundation and allowed gravity to do its job. It worked, and by 2001, they managed to bring the tower back to an incline of 3.97 degrees, just as it was 200 years ago. The World Times May 2022 45

Sports Warriors Arthur Koo For The World Times 46

At the 2022 World Indoor Athletics Championships, Korean athlete Woo Sang-hyeok made history by winning the gold medal in the men’s high jump event. Woo’s victory marked the first time a Korean has ever won the event at the championships. He was one of two jumpers to clear 2.15, 2.20, 2.24, and 2.28 m on the first attempt. During the 2.31-m jump, he ran into some trouble. But on his third attempt, he was able to clear the height. He sealed his victory when he cleared the 2.34-m height on his first attempt and the other three finalists were unable to do so. Woo is a two-time Olympian, and he holds the Korean high jump record of 2.35 m. He accomplished the feat at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. The previous record was held by Lee Jin-taek, who cleared 2.34 m back on June 20, 1997. While Woo was unable to make the final in the 2016 Rio Olympics, when he only cleared 2.26 m, he achieved much more success in Tokyo, becoming the first Korean to participate in the final round since 1996, when Lee finished in eighth place. The World Times May 2022 47

On the Road Ryan Lim For The World Times 48

Istanbul, formerly known as Constantinople, is the largest city in Turkey. The city is situated in both Europe and Asia. One side of the city is in Europe, and the other is in Asia. In between the city is the Bosporus strait, which is also known as the Strait of Istanbul. Due to its particularly interesting location, Istanbul serves as the economic and cultural hub for the country of Turkey. It is the most populous city in Europe, with 15 million residents. And it is also the 15th largest city in the world. Istanbul has a rich and vibrant history, as it has served as one of the most important cities in the region for a long time. The city is very famous for its food and its many religious sites. It also has beautiful architecture and hospitable hosts. Over 13 million foreign visitors traveled to Istanbul in 2018, and it was the fifth most visited city that year. The World Times May 2022 49

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