Basketball Handbook - Magsino & Vales

BASKETBALL Handbook MAGSINO | VALES STEM - 11

Table of Contents AUSTEN 01 Introduction 02 Genesis of Basketball 03 Rules and Regulations of the Game 04 Types of Equipment Needed 05 Glossary

MEET THE AUTHORS RASHARD MAGSINO Co-Author Rashard Magsino is a STEM-11 student at Casa del Nino Montessori and Science High School. He loves to spend his time a lot on basketball and has been a part of the Casa Stallions basketball team. Basketball has helped him to relieve stress, have fun, and have the motivation to be better on and off the court. RIC VALES Co-Author Ric Vales is a STEM-11 student at Casa Del Nino Montessori and Science High School. He is fond of playing basketball as a hobby and an extracurricular activity after or before finishing schoolwork and other academic activities. He considers basketball one of the most convenient ways to evade distractions while having fun, as he's been playing for more than a decade. pn

WHAT IS AUSTEN BASKETBALL? The chosen sport to be presented in this handbook is basketball. According to GNU, Basketball is a ball game, in which its purpose is to hurl a ball into a raised basket on the opponent's side of a rectangular court, which is contested between two teams of five players each. The ball can be moved by dribbling or passing with the hands. It is a game in which two opposing teams of five players compete to hurl a huge inflated ball (the basketball) into opposing goals (baskets) resembling baskets, each of which is normally a cylindrical mesh hanging from a circular rim held 10 feet above the court. Depending on the scenario in which it was thrown, a goal scored by passing the basketball through the basket may be worth one to three points. Basketball even aids in the development of motor coordination, flexibility, and endurance. It also promotes agility, speed, and strength. These abilities have been found to improve cardio-respiratory fitness and self- esteem by promoting a healthy body weight and encouraging increased physical exercise. Young people' general conduct and performance have improved as a result of the sport, which teaches them collaboration and perseverance. Basketball also brings communities and races together, as well as having a positive impact on the economy as a whole. Its origin, specifics, and other contents are presented in the next page. 1

GENESIS OF pn BASKETBALL It all started when Canadian physical education instructor James Naismith invented it in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1891 as a less injury-prone sport than football. Naismith wanted to make a game that was simple to learn yet sophisticated enough to keep players interested. Indoors, the game had to be playable, and it had to be able to handle several players at the same time. The game had to provide the players with plenty of exercise while avoiding the brutality of football, soccer, or rugby, which may cause more serious injuries if played in a restricted setting. Naismith addressed the school janitor with the hopes of locating two square boxes that might be used as goals. Instead, the janitor returned from his search with two fruit baskets. Naismith attached the peach baskets to the gymnasium balcony's lowest rail, one on each side. The lowest balcony rail occurred to be 10 feet in height. The pupils would form teams and compete to get the ball into the basket of their respective teams. A person was assigned to grab the ball from the hoop and return it to play at either end of the balcony. The first game among students was a full-fledged battle. Naismith didn't establish all of the rules at once; instead, he gradually refined them into the original 13 rules. Some of them are still in use in today's game. In 2010, Naismith's original game rules sold for $4.3 million at auction. The Springfield Republican reported on March 12th, 1892, that the first public game of basketball was played at a YMCA gymnasium. The professors were pitted against the students. Around 200 people came to learn about this new sport that they had never heard of or seen before. The professors were praised with \"agility\" in the Republican article, but it was the students' \"science\" that let them overcome the teachers 5- 2 1.

GENESIS OF pn BASKETBALL The modest beginnings of the United States' lone professional sport established the groundwork for today's multibillion-dollar businesses. The sport's popularity skyrocketed in a matter of weeks. Students from other schools brought the game to their local YMCAs. The regulations were first published in a college magazine and circulated to YMCAs around the country. The sport was also introduced to many foreign countries thanks to the well-represented international student body at the colleges. Basketball was formally recognized as a regular winter activity in 1905 when high schools began to promote the new sport. The International Olympic Committee took notice of the sport's growing popularity, and it was featured as a demonstration event at the 1904 Olympic Games in St. Louis. Basketball was not officially recognized as a medal sport until 1936. Women's basketball was not officially recognized as an Olympic sport until the 1976 Montreal Games. Professional leagues began to establish around the United States as the sport grew in popularity. Basketball enthusiasts were ecstatic to support their new hometown clubs. The National Basketball League (NBL), which was founded in 1898 and consisted of six teams from the northeast, was the first professional league. The league was only in existence for around five years. The league would be reestablished 33 years later, in 1937, with a completely new support structure, the National Basketball Association (NBA), with 13 clubs and the Goodyear, Firestone, and General Electric firms as league owners. 3

IMPORTANT TIMELINES 01 1891 Basketball was invented. 1892 The first official game of Basketball was played. 02 1906 Modern Basketball was invented. 1946 NBA (National Basketball Association) is formed. 03 1958 Modern Basketball was implemented. 1959 Dribbling the ball becomes a necessary part of the game. 4

AUSTEN NAISMITH'S ORIGINAL 13 RULES OF BASKETBALL 1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands. 2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands (never with the fist). 3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be made for a man who catches the ball when running at a good speed if he tries to stop. 4. The ball must be held in or between the hands; the arms or body must not be used for holding it. 5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping, or striking in any way the person of an opponent shall be allowed; the first infringement of this rule by any player shall count as a foul, the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made, or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game, no substitute allowed. 6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violation of Rules 3,4, and such as described in Rule 5. 7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls, it shall count a goal for the opponents (consecutive means without the opponents in the meantime making a foul). 5

AUSTEN NAISMITH'S ORIGINAL 13 RULES OF BASKETBALL 8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal. 9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field of play by the person first touching it. In case of a dispute, the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is allowed five seconds; if he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on that side. 10. The umpire shall be judged of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have the power to disqualify men according to Rule 5. 11. The referee shall be the judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made, and keep account of the goals with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee. 12. The time shall be two 15-minute halves, with five minutes rest between. 13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner. In case of a draw, the game may, by agreement of the captains, be continued until another goal is made. 6

MODERN RULES AND REGULATIONS RULES OF OFFENSE THE BASKETBALL TEAM ON OFFENSE IS THE TEAM WITH THE BASKETBALL. WHEN A PLAYER HAS THE BASKETBALL THERE ARE CERTAIN RULES THEY MUST FOLLOW: 1) The player must bounce, or dribble, the ball with one hand while moving both feet. If, at any time, both hands touch the ball or the player stops dribbling, the player must only move one foot. The foot that is stationary is called the pivot foot. 2) The basketball player can only take one turn at dribbling. In other words, once a player has stopped dribbling they cannot start another dribble. A player who starts dribbling again is called for a double-dribbling violation and loses the basketball to the other team. A player can only start another dribble after another player from either team touches or gains control of the basketball. This is usually after a shot or pass. 3) The ball must stay in bounds. If the offensive team loses the ball out of bounds the other team gets control of the basketball. 4) The player's hand must be on top of the ball while dribbling. If they touch the bottom of the basketball while dribbling and continue to dribble this is called carrying the ball and the player will lose the ball to the other team. 5) Once the offensive team crosses half court, they may not go back into the backcourt. This is called a backcourt violation. If the defensive team knocks the ball into the backcourt, then the offensive team can recover the ball legally. 7

MODERN RULES AND REGULATIONS RULES OF DEFENSE The team on defense is the team without the basketball. 1) The main rule for the defensive player is not to foul. A foul is described as gaining an unfair advantage through physical contact. There is some interpretation that has to be made by the referee, but in general, the defensive player may not touch the offensive player in a way that causes the offensive player to lose the ball or miss a shot. RULES FOR EVERYONE 1) Although the foul rule is described above as a defensive rule, it applies exactly the same to all players on the court including offensive players. 2) Basketball players cannot kick the ball or hit it with their fists. 3) No player can touch the basketball while it is traveling downward towards the basket or if it is on the rim. This is called goaltending. (touching the ball on the rim is legal in some games). 8

TYPES OF EQUIPMENT THE BALL A basketball is an orange-colored and rough- textured spherical ball with black contours usually made of leather or composite tough. materials. The ball is bounced continuously (dribbling), thrown through the air to other players (passing), and towards the basket (shooting). So a typical basketball must be very durable and easy to hold on to. Professional leagues such as the NBA have very precise parameters. for the official basketball they use. This includes color, material, size, air pressure, and bounce. The main thing to know about the basketball is the size. There are different sizes for different ages as well as for boys and for girls. Standard Men's Basketball (Size 7) - This is the size used by the NCAA men, boys high school, as well as the NBA. It has a circumference. between 29.5 and 30 inches and weighs between 20 and 22 ounces. Standard Women's Basketball (Size 6) - This is the basketball used by NCAA women, girls high school, and the WNBA. It is between 28.5 and 29 inches in circumference and weighs 18-20 ounces. Junior Basketball (Size 5) - The junior size basketball is for boys and girls between the ages of 8-12. It is between 27.25 to 27.75 inches in circumference and weighs 14-16 ounces. 9

TYPES OF EQUIPMENT THE BASKET The basket is made up of the backboard, rim, and net. The rim is 18 inches in diameter. A regulation backboard is 72 inches wide by 48 inches tall, although you will find backboards can vary in size. The rim should be 10 feet from the ground. Typically a 10-foot rim is used from ages 6th grade and older. For younger kids, you can lower the goal so that they can take a proper shot at the goal. For kindergarten, through second-grade children, you can try a 6-foot goal. Then move it up to 8 feet for 3rd and 4th grade. Try nine feet for 5th grade. Of course, this depends on the size, strength, and skill of the player. The basketball net hooks onto eight rungs on the bottom of the rim. It hangs down around 15 to 18 inches. The net helps to slow the ball coming through the hoop and also to help see whether a basket was made or not. 10

TYPES OF EQUIPMENT THE UNIFORM The basketball uniform generally consists of a tank top and shorts. You also need socks and some good basketball-type sneakers. Basketball sneakers are good for all the starting and stopping required in the game. You can choose high tops, low tops, or three-quarter height shoes. If you play under the basket a lot you may want high tops to help protect you from getting a twisted ankle. You should not wear a watch or a shirt with buttons while playing basketball. These can scratch or get caught on other players. Also, you may want to wear a mouthpiece to protect your teeth. 11

GLOSSARY BASKETBALL IS A GAME WHERE TWO (2) RULES IT IS A SET OF PROTOCOLS TEAMS COMPETE BY SCORING ON EACH END AND REGULATIONS THAT ARE IMPLEMENTED OF THE COURTS. SCORING IS DONE BY BY THE ASSOCIATION. ITS PURPOSE IS TO SHOOTING OR PUTTING THE BALL INSIDE MAINTAIN UNIFORMITY BETWEEN PLAYERS THE HOOP THAT IS ABOVE TEN (10) FEET. AND THE GAMES BEING PLAYED. UNIFORM IT CAN ALSO BE CALLED BALL IT IS A SPHERICAL BALL AS JERSEYS. IT CAN REPRESENT AS IN WHICH ITS SIZE VARIES DEPENDING ON GENERAL CONDUCT OF PLAYERS WHILE WHAT GAME OF BASKETBALL IS BEING PLAYING THE GAME. IT SHOWS THEIR PLAYED. IT IS COMMONLY ORANGE AND IS RESPECT FOR THEIR INDIVIDUAL TEAMS. USED AS THE MEDIUM FOR PLAYERS TO IT MAINTAINS THE PLAYERS' FOCUS AS SHOOT OR LAY THE BALL INTO THE THEY WON'T MISTAKE THEIR OPPONENTS AS BASKET. TEAMMATES, MAKING THEM FOCUS ON WHAT THEY ARE DOING. BASKET IT IS ALSO REFERRED AS GENESIS IT IS A NOUN IN WHICH IS DEFINED AS THE ORIGIN OR HISTORY THE \"HOOP\". THIS IS WHERE THE BALL OF THE TOPIC BEING DISCUSSED. MUST GO THROUGH IN ORDER FOR THE PLAYER OR TEAM TO SCORE AND GET A POINT. POINTS ARE ALWAYS COUNTED AS 1 POINT, 2 POINTS, AND 3 POINTS. NBA NATIONAL BASKETBALL YMCA IT IS THE \"YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION\". IT IS A ASSOCIATION OR NBA IS A MAJOR TRAINING SCHOOL IN SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS WHERE NAISMITH WAS AN PROFESSIONAL LEAGUE IN THE UNITED INSTRUCTOR IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION (P.E.) STATES OF AMERICA. NBA MAY ALSO BE DEFINED AS THE ORGANIZATION THAT GOVERNS A SALARIED OR EXECUTIVE LEAGUE, WHICH IS BEING WATCHED BY MILLIONS OF PEOPLE EVERY GAME. 12

REFERENCES Toole, T. C. (2021, March 27). Here's the history of basketball-from peach baskets in Springfield to global phenomenon. History of Basketball. Retrieved March 29, 2022, from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/basketball-only-major-sport-invented- united-states-how-it-was-created Zucker, J. (2018, October 30). Report: NBA to Push back opening night 1 week for 2019-2020 season. Bleacher Report. Retrieved March 29, 2022, from https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2803468-report-nba-to-push-back-opening-night-1-week-for-2019-2020-season Hinkle, T. (n.d.). The history of basketball timeline. The History of Basketball timelines. Retrieved March 29, 2022, from https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/the-history-of-basketball--13 wordnik. (n.d.). Basketball . Basketball - definition and meaning. Retrieved March 29, 2022, from https://www.wordnik.com/words/basketball NBA. (n.d.). NBA.com Philippines. Retrieved March 29, 2022, from https://nba.smart.com.ph/ Dr. James Naismith's original 13 rules of basketball. USA Basketball. (n.d.). Retrieved March 29, 2022, from https://www.usab.com/history/dr-james-naismiths-original-13-rules-of-basketball.aspx Basketball Rules. Basketball: Rules and regulations. (n.d.). Retrieved March 29, 2022, from https://www.ducksters.com/sports/basketballrules.php Basketball: Equipment. (n.d.). Retrieved March 29, 2022, from https://www.ducksters.com/sports/basketball/basketball_equipment.php