DISCUSSION TEXT GRADE 12

GRADE 12 DISCUSSION TEXT ENGLISH LITERATURE SMAK SANTA MALANG MARIA DANI RINGKSI,S.Pd

A discussion text is a type of written or spoken communication that aims to present and explore various viewpoints, opinions, arguments, and perspectives on a specific topic. It is a form of discourse where participants engage in a thoughtful and analytical exchange of ideas in order to gain a deeper understanding of the subject matter. Discussion texts can take various forms, including essays, articles, blog posts, forum threads, and even verbal debates. 1.Introduction: The introduction sets the stage by introducing the topic and providing some context. It may also present the main issues or questions that will be discussed. The introduction aims to grab the reader's attention and provide a clear understanding of the topic's significance. 2.Thesis Statement or Main Question: This is a concise statement that outlines the writer's main argument or the central question that the discussion text will address. It serves as a guide for the rest of the text, helping to maintain focus and coherence. 3.Body Paragraphs: The body of the discussion text consists of several paragraphs, each dedicated to exploring a specific aspect of the topic. Each paragraph usually begins with a topic sentence that introduces the main idea of that paragraph. The writer then presents evidence, examples, and supporting details to back up their points. Additionally, the writer might include counterarguments to acknowledge different perspectives and show a balanced view. 4.Conclusion: The conclusion summarizes the main points discussed throughout the text and reiterates the writer's stance or answer to the central question. It should leave a lasting impression on the reader and provide a sense of closure to the discussion.

LANGUAGE FEATURE Objective Tone: Discussion texts generally maintain an objective tone to present information and arguments without personal bias or emotions. This helps establish credibility and encourages readers to form their own opinions. Formal Language: Formal language is commonly used in discussion texts to convey professionalism and seriousness. It includes complex sentence structures, precise vocabulary, and appropriate grammar. Hedging: Writers often use hedging language to express caution or uncertainty when discussing complex or controversial topics. Phrases like \"It could be argued that...\" or \"Some researchers suggest that...\" indicate that the writer is presenting a viewpoint without necessarily endorsing it.

LANGUAGE FEATURE Modal Verbs: Modal verbs like \"might,\" \"could,\" \"would,\" and \"should\" are used to express degrees of possibility, necessity, or permission. They help convey the speculative nature of some arguments and positions. Comparative Language: Comparative language is used to contrast and compare different viewpoints or arguments. Phrases such as \"On the one hand... on the other hand...\" and \"In contrast to...\" help structure discussions around differing opinions. Causal Connectives: Words and phrases like \"because,\" \"since,\" \"due to,\" and \"as a result\" are used to establish cause-and-effect relationships between ideas. These connectives help explain the reasoning behind certain arguments or positions.

LANGUAGE FEATURE Linking Words and Phrases: Transitional words and phrases, such as \"moreover,\" \"however,\" \"in addition,\" \"conversely,\" and \"nevertheless,\" are used to smoothly transition between different points and ideas within the text. Rhetorical Questions: Rhetorical questions can be used to provoke thought and engage the reader by prompting them to consider the implications of certain arguments. For example, \"Have you ever wondered what the consequences of this approach might be?\" Emotive Language (sparingly): While discussion texts typically maintain an objective tone, judicious use of emotive language can be employed to highlight the significance or impact of certain arguments. However, it should be used carefully to avoid excessive emotional influence.

LANGUAGE FEATURE Quotations and Citations: Discussion texts often include quotations from experts, researchers, or reputable sources. These provide evidence and lend credibility to the arguments being presented. Persuasive Techniques (to a limited extent): Depending on the purpose of the discussion text, some persuasive techniques might be used to encourage readers to consider a certain viewpoint more closely. However, the primary goal is to present balanced arguments rather than sway readers in a particular direction. Formal Introductions and Conclusions: Discussion texts typically begin with an introduction that provides context and introduces the topic, while the conclusion summarizes the main arguments and potentially offers a resolution or an open-ended question for further consideration.

EXAMPLE The Impact of Social Media on Society Social media, a ubiquitous presence in the lives of individuals worldwide, has brought about a profound transformation in how people connect, communicate, and share information. In this digital age, the influence of social media extends far beyond personal interactions, shaping societal dynamics and individual experiences. However, the widespread adoption of these platforms has given rise to a complex array of outcomes, both positive and negative, that warrant exploration and thoughtful analysis. The emergence of social media platforms has virtually eliminated geographical boundaries in communication. Friends, family, and colleagues separated by continents can now engage in real-time conversations, share experiences, and bridge cultural gaps. For instance, individuals from different corners of the globe can come together to discuss shared interests, such as hobbies, social causes, or academic pursuits, fostering cross-cultural connections that were once challenging to establish. Social media platforms have democratized the dissemination of information, providing a platform for individuals to share news, articles, and thought-provoking content. This accessibility has amplified voices that were previously marginalized and has allowed users to access a diverse range of perspectives. For example, people can learn about global events, scientific breakthroughs, and cultural traditions from sources beyond traditional media outlets, enhancing their understanding of the world. The power of social media to ignite social change cannot be understated. Platforms like Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook have facilitated the rapid spread of information, enabling activists to draw attention to pressing social and political issues. The Arab Spring and the Black Lives Matter movement are prime examples of how social media has mobilized communities, coordinated protests, and raised international awareness, challenging established power structures and demanding accountability. For businesses, social media platforms have ushered in a new era of marketing and engagement. Companies can target specific demographics with precision, tailor advertisements to individual preferences, and gather real-time feedback from customers. Small businesses, in particular, can leverage platforms like Instagram and Pinterest to visually showcase their products, gaining exposure and customer loyalty in ways that were once limited to larger enterprises. The ease with which personal information can be shared on social media raises significant privacy concerns. The relentless collection and analysis of user data by both platform providers and third parties have sparked debates about the erosion of individual privacy. Instances of data breaches and the monetization of personal information underscore the potential risks users face when sharing details of their lives online. The rapidity of information sharing on social media has led to the rapid spread of misinformation and fake news. Due to the viral nature of platforms, false narratives can gain traction before accurate information can counteract them. For example, during public health crises, the dissemination of inaccurate medical advice through social media has resulted in confusion and contributed to public health risks. The all-encompassing nature of social media engagement has been linked to adverse effects on mental health. The constant exposure to curated representations of others' lives can lead to feelings of inadequacy and a skewed sense of reality. Studies have highlighted t he correlation between heavy social media use and feelings of loneliness, depression, and anxiety, suggesting the need for digital well-being awareness. The veil of anonymity that social media provides has enabled online harassment, bullying, and hate speech. Individuals can be subjected to offensive comments, threats, and even cyberbullying, leading to psychological distress and in some cases, detrimental real-world consequences. The pervasive nature of such negative interactions underscores the challenges in creating safe and inclusive online spaces. In summation, the rise of social media has ushered in a new era of global connectivity, information sharing, and activism. However, this transformative influence is accompanied by a range of challenges, including privacy concerns, the spread of misinformation, negative impacts on mental health, and online harassment. As society grapples with these complexities, finding a harmonious balance between the benefits and drawbacks of social media remains an imperative task. Responsible usage, informed digital literacy, and evolving platform regulations are essential in navigating the intricate landscape of the digital age.

Read the text below then chose one idea for each point of view. Afterward develop the ide into a paragraph that consists minimum eight (8) sentences. Navigating the Digital Learning Landscape Online education has transformed the way we learn, offering flexibility and accessibility that traditional classroom settings often cannot provide. As technology continues to advance, the popularity of online learning platforms has surged. This discussion explores the advantages and challenges of online education, shedding light on its impact on students, educators, and the education landscape as a whole. Advantages of Online Education: Flexibility: Online education allows students to tailor their learning schedules to their own pace and commitments. This is particularly beneficial for individuals juggling work, family, or other responsibilities. Accessibility: Geographic barriers are diminished, enabling learners to access courses from institutions worldwide without the need for relocation. Diverse Learning Styles: Online platforms offer various formats—videos, quizzes, interactive modules—that cater to different learning preferences, potentially enhancing comprehension and retention. Cost-Effectiveness: Online courses often have lower tuition fees and eliminate expenses related to commuting, housing, and traditional classroom materials. Challenges of Online Education: Lack of Face-to-Face Interaction: Traditional classrooms offer direct engagement with instructors and peers, fostering collaborative learning, communication skills, and immediate feedback. Self-Discipline and Motivation: Online learning demands strong self-management skills. Students must stay motivated and organized to complete coursework without the structure of in-person classes. Technical Issues: Access to reliable technology and a stable internet connection is essential. Technical glitches can disrupt the learning experience and create frustration. Isolation: The absence of physical interaction might lead to feelings of isolation and disconnect, impacting social and emotional development. Educational Impact and Evolution: Online education has prompted a re-evaluation of traditional teaching methods. Educators are adapting to new tools and techniques, exploring innovative ways to engage students in virtual en vironments. This digital shift encourages institutions to enhance their online offerings and refine the overall learning experience. Balancing the Blend: Hybrid Models: Hybrid or blended learning models—combining in- person instruction with online components—emerge as a compromise between the benefits of both worlds. These models retain face-to-face interaction while capitalizing on the flexibility and customization offered by digital platforms. (optional) Conclusion: Online education has disrupted the educational landscape, offering a plethora of opportunities and challenges. Its flexibility and accessibility empower learners worldwide, but the lack of personal interaction and potential technical obstacles remain significant hurdles. As the educational paradigm continues to evolve, striking a balance between digital innovation and traditional pedagogical methods becomes paramount. The future of education likely lies in a blend that leverages technology's advantages while preserving the invaluable human connection that defines the learning experience.

Read the text about the impact of social media on society then answer the following questions 1.How has social media transformed the way people communicate and share information, as discussed in the introduction? 2. What strategies can individuals employ to discern accurate information from misinformation, considering the rapid spread of false narratives? 3. Considering the role of social media in activism and awareness, how might individuals leverage these platforms to address pressing global issues and bring about positive change? 4.How has the ubiquity of social media influenced our perception of privacy and personal boundaries, as discussed inthe text? Are there situations where sharing personal information online might be justifiable or necessary?