Body Systems Flip Book- Ava Spears

Ava Spears Flipbook Mr Pickett, Health Science 2B

Integumentary System: 1. Acne; inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous glands Function: Protects; its a physical barrier for underlying 2. Cicatrix: a scar left by healed ● derm/o: skin tissue. Also maintains body temperature. Responsible wound for excitation and perception of stimuli 3. Eczema acute or chronic skin ● kerat/o: hard; horn Autograph: surgical transfer of tissue from one disease characterized by patient to another. erythema shaped tissue Poroma: A neoplasm of cells lining the skin ● xer/o: dry openings of sweat glands 4. Gangrene; necrosis or death of ● xanth/o: tissue ● erythr/o: red Pachy-: thick 1. Dermatologist: specializes in skin ● pedicu/o: finger/toe Melanosis: Disorders of increased melanin pigmentation that develop without preceding 2. Plastic surgeons; can do skin nails inflammatory disease. reconstructions ● onych/o: nail Integumentary system: The outer covering of ● myc/o: fungus the body composed of the skin and the skin ● pil/o: hair; hair appendages, which are the hair, the nails; follicle and the sebaceous glands and the sweat glands and their ducts. ● lip/o: fat Hyalin: The outer covering of the body ● rhytid/o: sebrum composed of the skin and the skin ● albin/o: white appendages, which are the hair, the nails; and the sebaceous glands and the sweat glands and their ducts. Hair:A threadlike specialized epidermal structure developing from a papilla sunk in the dermis. Epidermis:The superficial avascular layers of the skin

Musculoskeletal System: my/o: muscle Abduction: Movement of a limb away from Physical therapist: Provide quality of myel/o: bone the midline or axis of the body. life through prescribed exercise and marrow ADL: activities of daily living movement oste/o: bone Adhesion: band of scar tissue that can Massage therapist: manipulates the cost/o: rib develop after surgery muscles through massage crani/o; skull EMG: electromyography -pexy: Extensor:Any muscle that extends a limb chondr/o: cartilage or other body part. arthr/o; joint Oblique: A slanting direction -plegia: paralysis Ankle: region between foot and leg kinesi/o: movement Back: the rear surface from the shoulders to the hips Function: Holding Cartilage:A non-vascular form of body parts in connective tissue composed of position and helps chondrocytes embedded in a matrix. regulate body DJD: degenerative joint disorder. temperatures Spasm: Involuntary sudden movement. Hypotonia; loss of muscle tone Tetany: A state substained muscular contraction Tremor; involuntary repetitive shaking or quivering

Nervous System: Accessory nerve: Either of two Comprehension; understanding Neuroscientist: Someone who cranial nerves which are Frontal lobe;The part of the studies the nervous system Neur/o: nerve important for swallowing, speech cerebral hemisphere anterior to the Neurological surgeon: An M.D. who encephal/o: brain and some head and shoulder central sulcus, and anterior and performs surgery on the nervous myel/o: spinal cord movements. superior to the lateral sulcus. system. ambul/o: walking Analgesia:Without pain or Hallucination: Sensing things while -esthesia: feeling, decreased pain. awake that appear to be real, but sensation Brain:A highly developed part of instead have been created by the mening/o; membranes, central nervous system that is mind, common in delirium. meninges contained within the cranium. It psych/o; mental, consists of cerebrum, cerebellum Dyslexia: A common psychological and other structures in the brain condition that affects the way concuss/o: shaken, stem. the brain processes written violently agitated Cerebellum: The part of brain and spoken language. located behind the brainstem in Concussion: A traumatic Function: Receiving and the posterior base of skull brain injury. Measure severity sending information (posterior cranial fossa). It by universal Glasgow Coma through the body to coordinates voluntary muscle Scale (GCS) maintain homeostasis activity, balance and tone. Cerebral Palsy:A chronic Cerebrum: The largest, childhood disorder that uppermost part of the brain. affects muscle tone, Responsible for initiating and movement, and motor skills. coordinating all voluntary body Migraine: Moderate to activity. The cerebral cortex is severe, painful headache responsible for intellectual that may occur with activities. symptoms like nausea, Cognition; thinking vomiting, fatigue and Coma;A deep state of numbness. unconsciousness. No voluntary motor signs.

Special Senses Pupil: the black circular Myopia: far images opening in the center of the appear blurry irid/o: the iris iris that allows light to enter (nearsightedness) -cusis: hearing the eye Hyperopia: Close images -opia: vision Retina: a thin layer of tissue appear blurry. condition that lines the posterior of the Presbyopia: ot/o: ear eye internally farsightedness caused by tympan/o: tympanic Conjunctiva: clear membrane decreased elasticity in membrane that lines the anterior eyeball the lens from aging (eardrum) and eyelids. Tinnitus: ringing in the opthalm/o: eye Optic disk: blind spot ears -metry: Auricle: shell shaped structure of outer ear Ophthalmologist: Is a Function: to detect Cerumen: earwax Eye M.D. environmental stimuli Cochlea: snail like structure and transduce their that contains fluids that carry Otolaryngologists: Ear, energy into electrical sound vibrators. nose, and throat impulses; receptor Labyrinth: contains structures specialist. organs. that control balance Papillae: small raised areas that contain taste buds. Deglutition: swallowing

Cardiovascular system Function: To pump blood throughout the body and deliver nutrients cardi/o: heart angi/o: blood or lymph vessels Artery: Largest type of blood vessel; Cardiovascular technician: A cardiovascular hem/o, hemat/o: blood carries blood away from the heart to technician plays an important part in Brady-: slow all parts of the body diagnosing and treating disorders of the Tachy-: fast Capillary: Smallest blood vessel. cardiovascular system. thromb/o: blood clot; Materials pass to and from the Cardiovascular surgeon: performs life coagulation bloodstream through the thin saving operations on patients experiencing -emia: capillary walls issues with their heart. leuk/o: white blood cell Valve: Structure in veins or in the erythr/o: red blood cell heart that temporarily closes an arteri/o: artery opening so that blood flows in only one direction Valvular heart disease: heart Hemoglobin: An iron containing disease caused by stenosis of protein that binds to oxygen to make the cardiac valves and red blood cells obstructed blood flow or Vein: Blood vessels that carry blood caused by degeneration and to the heart blood regurgitation. Ventricle: The two lower chambers of Arrhythmia: an abnormal rate the heart of muscle contractions in the Atrium: The two upper chambers of heart the heart Coronary Heart Disease: a Antigens: A protein on the surface of heart disease due to red blood cells that like only similar abnormality of the arteries blood types that supply blood and oxygen Antibodies: A protein, in the blood, Angina: chest pain that occurs that detects and kills forgien or when diseased blood vessels different proteins restrict blood flow. Septum: Thick walls of tissue that separates the heart into right and left

Respiratory System Pharynx: space at the back of the mouth and Pulmonologists: physicians specially trained to treat nose disease and conditions of the chest bronch/o: bronchus; epiglottis : flap that closes during Respiratory therapist: work with patients who have windpipe swallowing breathing problems or other cardiopulmonary cyan/o: blue Trachea: airway that leads to the bronchi; disorders laryng/o: larynx “windpipe” -oxia: Cartilage: keeps trachea stiff so it doesn’t Oxy-: collapse pleur/o: rib; pleura; the side Bronchus: one of the 2 branches of the pneum/o: breathing; trachea that enters the lungs respiration;the Nasal cavity: where air enters the body lungs;pneumonia through the nostrils or mouth pulmon/o: lungs pharynx: throat; passageway for food to the thorac/o: chest; chest wall esophagus and air to the larynx trache/o: trachea Cilia: hair-like processes from the surface of epithelial cells, such as those of the bronchi, Function: responsible for that provide upward movement of mucus the process of ventilation cell secretion and respiration Hypoventilation: very shallow breathing Hyperventilation: rapid breathing Sleep apnea: periods of cessation of breathing during sleep. Croup: childhood viral infection characterized by “barking cough” Pneumonia: inflammation in the lungs due to infection or irritant Asthma: often caused by allergen causes swelling of the airways and spasm of the bronchial tubes characterized by wheezing and dyspnea

Digestive System: Mouth: where food enters and Emesis: vomiting starts its way through digestive Constipation: difficult elimination of feces cholecyst/o: the system. Nausea: unpleasant sensation in the stomach that causes the urge gallbladder teeth : divided into 2 regions, the to vomit. enter/o: intestine crown above the gum line and col/o, colon/o: colon; large the root embedded below Gastroenterology: Broadly concerned with diseases and conditions intestine Pharynx: also called the throat is of the digestive system hepat/o:liver posterior to the nasal cavity and Oncologist: Cancer specialist, Could weigh in on a colon cancer gastr/o: stomach; oral cavities and to the larynx. patient abdomen Esophagus: The mucous or/o: mouth membrane-lined muscular tube -pepsia: Stomach: a sac like organ chol/e: bile; gall composed of three major areas: proct/o: anus the fundus, the body, and the antrum Functions: ingestion, Feces: solid waste digestian, absorption, Liver: the filter of the body and elimination Gallbladder: sac like organ that aids in digestion of fatty foods Pancreas: responsible for producing many different enzymes that aid in digestion GERD: backward flow of stomach acids in esophagus.

Urinary System Cortex: outer region of an organ; the Nephrosis: a noninflammatory disease of the kidneys Nephrolith: a kidney stone renal cortex is the outer region of the Urethritis: inflammation of the urethra, the final pathway for urine in both sexes -cele: hernia; kidney Nocturia: frequently getting up and urinating during the swelling;protrusion Creatinine:: nitrogenous waste night -lysis: seperation; excreted in the urine. Creatinine clearance is a measure of the Clinical lead: lead NHS consultant for the team Clinical director: lead NHS consultant for the department destruction; loosening efficiency of the kidneys in removing cyst/o: fluid sac; bladder (clearing) creatinine from the blood nephr/o: kidney Glomerulus: tiny balls of capillaries ren/o: kidney (microscopic blood vessels) in the kidney. -uria: urination; condition Hilum: Depression in an organ where of urine blood vessels and enter and leave. -pexy: surgical fixation Meatus: opening or canal -ectasis: Medulla: inner region of an organ; pyel/o: renal pelvis The renal medulla is the inner region of the kidney. Nitrogenous waste: substance Function: to filter blood and create containing nitrogen and excreted in urine as waste byproduct. urine. Renal Artery: Blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney Renal Tubules: Microscopic tubes in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration. Urea: major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine.

Reproductive System: Amenorrhea: absence or Infertility: incapable of reproduction suppression of normal menstrual Menopause: the time in a woman's life in which the cervic/o: neck; cervix (neck flow menstrual cycle ends of uterus Areola: small circular area such as Premenstrual syndrome (PMS): a group of salping/o: eustachian tube; around the human nipple symptoms exhibited just prior to the menstrual auditory tube; fallopian Cervix: the opening to the uterus cycle tube Endometriosis: the presence of the Prostatitis: inflammation of the prostate glands ov/o: ovum (egg) endometrium elsewhere than the orchid/o: testis; testicle lining of the uterus Gynecologist: deal with the health of the female oophor/o: ovary Estrogen: the general term for reproductive system men/o: menses; female steroid sex hormones that Andrologists: deals with the health of the male menstruation are secreted by the ovary and reproductive system mamm/o: breast responsible for typical female gynec/o: woman; female sexual characteristics colp/o: vagina Fertilization: process in sexual prostat/o: prostate gland reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to Function: to procreate form a new cell Foreskin: a fold of skin covering the tip of the penis Gamete: specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction Hymen: mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina.