7thGradeFlipbook

Body Systems *7th Grade Version* Trinity Brezinski

Table Of ContentsBody SystemsTable Of ContentsIntegumentary System Function Structures Professions DiseasesMuscular System Function Structures Professions DiseasesSkeletal System Function Structures Professions DiseasesNervous System Function Structures Professions DiseasesSpecial Senses Function Structures Professions DiseasesCardiovascular System Function Structures Professions Table Of Contents

DiseasesRespiratory System Function Structures Professions DiseasesDigestive System Function Structures Professions DiseasesUrinary System Function Structures Professions DiseasesBibliography Table Of Contents

Integumentary SystemFunction The integumentary System consists of the hair, skin, nerves, glands, and nails. Themain function of this system is to act as a barrier from the outside world and retain bodyfluids.StructuresThe main structures of this system are: ➔ Epidermis: outermost layer of skin. ➔ Dermis: Middle layer of skin that holds the hair follicles and sweat glands. ➔ Hypodermis: the fatty layer that holds the veins and blood vessels. ➔ Sweat Gland: small gland that secretes sweat. ➔ Oil Gland: small gland that secretes oil. ➔ Hair: holds oil to moisturize the skin. ➔ Nails: covering on the upper surface of the tip of the finger.ProfessionsDermatologist: treats disorders that pertain to the skin.Cosmetic Surgeon: also known as a plastic surgeon, this career specializes in transformingthe body structures.DiseasesAcne: characterized by pus forming in the oil glands.Male Pattern Baldness: the hairline starts to recede at the front until there is a horseshoeshape left on top of the head. Table Of Contents

Muscular SystemFunction The main function of this system is to hold thebody straight and make movement possible.Structures ➔ Tendons: fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone. ➔ Muscles: bundle of fibrous tissue that has the ability to contract. ➔ Joints: a point in the body when two structures are joined together.ProfessionsOrthopedic Surgeon: treats injuries with bones, muscles, joints, and tendons.Athletic trainer: works to prevent and treat athletic injuries and providesrestorative services to athlete who have been hurt.DiseasesSpasm: A sudden involuntary movement of a muscle or muscle group.Fibromyalgia: characterized by the widespread aching pain, tender points,and fatigue. Table Of Contents

Skeletal SystemFunction Are the framework for thebody and to protect vital organs.Structures ➔ Bones: calcified material which makes up the skeleton ➔ Ligaments: fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone. ➔ Bone Marrow: soft fatty substance in the center of a bone in which blood cells are produced.ProfessionsChiropractor: treats and manipulates injuries dealing with the bones.Podiatrist: treats injuries and disorders pertaining to the feet.DiseasesArthritis: inflammation of one or more joints.Scoliosis: a disorder characterized by the curving of the spine. Table Of Contents

Nervous SystemFunction With the bain acting as the “controlcenter” the nervous system controls allbodily functions.Structures ➔ ​Brain: organ that acts as the control center for the body. ➔ Nerves: bundle of fibers that transmits electrical impulses to the brain or spinal cord.ProfessionsAnesthesiologist: administers the medicine that outs the patient under forsurgery.Neurosurgeon: performs brain surgery.DiseasesAlzheimer's Disease: changes in the brain structure which can result in lossof memory and impaired mental action.Stroke: damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow is disrupted. Table Of Contents

Special SensesFunction To receive images and sounds andtransmit them to the brain.Structures ➔ Eyes: spherical organs that transmits images to the brain. ➔ Ears: an organ of hearing and balance. ➔ Eardrums: membrane in the middle ear that vibrates in response to sound waves.ProfessionsAudiologist: treats patients who suffer from hearing loss.Ocularist: a person who specializes in fitting artificial eyes.DiseasesBlindness: the inability to see.Deafness: complete or partial loss of hearing in one or both ears. Table Of Contents

Cardiovascular SystemFunction The main function of the cardiovascular system is for the heart to mainefficient pumping so that all body tissue is supplied with efficient bloodsupply.Structures ➔ Heart: involuntary muscle that pumps blood throughout the body. ➔ Blood Vessels: tubular structure carrying blood throughout the body. ➔ Vein: Carries deoxygenated blood towards the heart. ➔ Artery: carries oxygenated blood away from the heart ➔ Blood: circulates throughout the body carrying oxygen to body tissue.ProfessionsCardiologist: treats disorders of the heart.Hematologist: treats disorders of the bloodDiseasesAneurysm: balloon like enlargement of an artery.Anemia: lower than normal red blood cell count. Table Of Contents

Respiratory SystemFunction The main purpose of this system is to bring in oxygen rich air into thesystem, expel waste products, and make speech possible.Structures ➔ Lungs: organs situated behind the rib cage that help bring in oxygen in order to create oxygenated blood. ➔ Nose: a passageway for air to pass through the body. ➔ Larynx: forms an air passage to the lungs and holds other organs such as the vocal cords. ➔ Bronchus: major airway to the lungs that diverge from the windpipe.ProfessionsPulmonologist: treats disorders of the lungs.Otolaryngologist: treats disorders of the ears, nose, and throat.DiseasesAsthma: a chronic allergic disorder characterized by breathing difficulty.Sinusitis: inflammation of the sinuses. Table Of Contents

Digestive SystemFunction The main purpose of this system is to take in food, absorb the nutrients, andrelease waste products.Structures ➔ Mouth: begins the digestive process by taking in food and breaking it down. ➔ Throat: passage that leads from the back of the mouth. ➔ Esophagus: connects the throat to the stomach. ➔ Stomach: major part of the digestion occurs by breaking down the food further with stomach acid. ➔ Small Intestine: 90% of the food is absorbed of nutrients and minerals. ➔ Large Intestine: the remaining 10% of the nutrients and water is absorbed. ➔ Rectum: final section of the large intestine. ➔ Anus: the opening end of the digestive tract which eliminates waste products.ProfessionsDentist: treats injuries and disorders of the teeth.Internist: treats disorders of the internal organs.DiseasesPyrosis: the return of stomach acid into the esophagus, also known as heartburn.Gingivitis: inflammation of the gums. Table Of Contents

Urinary SystemFunction The main purpose of this system is to maintain a level of balancewithin the body such as a proper balance of water and filtering the blood andto also eliminate waste products from the body.Structures ➔ Kidney: filter the blood and balance body fluids. ➔ Ureters: carries the urine from the kidneys to the bladder. ➔ Bladder: muscular sac that stores urine. ➔ Urethra: the opening that eliminates urine form the body.ProfessionsNephrologist: treats disorders and injuries of the kidneys.Urologist: treats disorders of the urinary system for females andgenitourinary system for males.DiseasesNephrectasis: the enlargement of the kidneys.Nephrolithiasis: stones in the kidneys. Table Of Contents

Bibliography-h​ ttps://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj59di8po_QAhUj34MKHY0mBvgQjRwIBw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.emaze.com%2F%40AOFZLQZZ%2Fmuscular-system&bvm=bv.137901846,d.amc&psig=AFQjCNG4lreNvOuzqFmNhhx5VO_gAK7E2A&ust=1478355656510840​ (Integumentary System Picture)-h​ ttps://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livescience.com%2Fimages%2Fi%2F000%2F049%2F875%2Fi02%2Fhuman-body.jpg%3F1343880028%3Finterpolation%3Dlanczos-none%26downsize%3D640%3A*&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livescience.com%2F37009-human-body.html&docid=SDyQ3hOPoR9rcM&tbnid=u_ug6rmaYCDDqM%3A&vet=1&w=575&h=251&safe=strict&bih=905&biw=1836&ved=0ahUKEwiAmuyMo4_QAhVM34MKHdveAnoQMwhOKAAwAA&iact=mrc&uact=8​ (BodySystems Picture)-​https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjElvTwrY_QAhXJ3YMKHZRdA3cQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cybersurgeons.net%2Fresources%2F%3F%2Fmuscular_sys%2F183%2F&bvm=bv.137901846,d.amc&psig=AFQjCNHf0fkRaS5s_KREwPcmT1Pgc-nhxg&ust=1478357733385685​ (Muscular System Picture)-h​ ttps://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwi0ofz9r4_QAhUo4oMKHWOyDMwQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fmissbelmonte.weebly.com%2Fskeletal-system.html&bvm=bv.137901846,d.amc&psig=AFQjCNHaXOzT6PDYFbQdnsgg6t_ydA_FaQ&ust=1478358298407829(​ Skeletal System Picture)-h​ ttps://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjP55-kso_QAhXm7IMKHUGdCBgQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spineuniverse.com%2Fanatomy%2Fnerve-structures-spine&bvm=bv.137901846,d.amc&psig=AFQjCNGOHzIJi9ffZfbzi3hSi54oWs1sqw&ust=1478358917048696​ (Nervous System Picture)-​https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cvilleeyecare.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2015%2F01%2Feye_anatomy1.gif&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cvilleeyecare.com%2F2015%2F01%2F03%2Fthings-work-optic-nerve%2F&docid=v3E5CkPE4X0lwM&tbnid=7HpodjW1f2TP3M%3A&vet=1&w=600&h=300&safe=strict&bih=974&biw=1920&ved=0ahUKEwj3pKjV2Y_QAhUK34MKHbvADUoQMwg3KAMwAw&iact=mrc&uact=8​ (Picture Of The Eye In Special Senses)-​https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjX-L2a2o_QAhVC64MKHTCrD_YQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Finfanthearingprogram.com%2Floss.html&bvm=bv.137904068,d.amc&psig=AFQjCNEFq8nY3MBzahZbN0f4_kenD_EJbw&ust=1478369636585370​ (Picture Of The Ear in Special Senses)-​https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjD8qP6_ZbQAhWK34MKHWkJAQMQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buzzle.com%2Farticles%2Fcardiovascular-system-diseases.html&psig=AFQjCNGWE7fsmhYtmkWDIaX3_ilMznmDjw&ust=1478619733872534​ (Picture of Heart in Cardiovascular System)-h​ ttps://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjwx4qs_pbQAhVk5IMKHSl6BkUQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Frespiratorysystem.organsofthebody.com%2F&bvm=bv.137904068,d.amc&psig=AFQjCNHXHVNJ0DnZ14h50vBAqX_IYNDqpQ&ust=1478619833098036​ (Picture of the Respiratory System)-​https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjYlcXH_pbQAhXn3YMKHWwxCH8QjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fkidshealth.org%2Fen%2Fkids%2Fdigestive-system.html&bvm=bv.137904068,d.amc&psig=AFQjCNELVVqRaYHqgVXJ4mONkqRqcFu-EA&ust=1478619913165761​ (Digestive System Picture)-h​ ttps://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiF1tTp_pbQAhUL84MKHf6NAOwQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.easynotecards.com%2Fnotecard_set%2F34581&bvm=bv.137904068,d.amc&psig=AFQjCNESAGFL00IRqlvK_PHQr3N5VL1t9g&ust=1478619982608756​ (Uriniary System Picture) Table Of Contents