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Research Inspiration March 2021 Volume 2 Issue 2 Growth Mindset in 21st Century Higher Education and Research

Foreword Growth Mindset, through various research studies, has been proven to have a positive impact on teaching-learning processes and has confirmed to enhance faculty and student performance substantially. In context to the theme, ‘Growth Mindset in 21st Century Higher Education and Research,’ iNurture faculty members have contributed their ideas, analysis and research articles in this edition of ‘Research Inspiration.’ It brings to you a few articles that analyse and review the new National Education Policy (NEP) to augmenting the Growth Mindset in new age higher education and academic research. This publication will also feature and appreciate iNurture’s top universities and verticals for their outstanding contribution in research work and innovative digital pedagogical practices conducted in the year 2020 (January – December). We hope you enjoy this publication thoroughly and find it genuinely insightful. Mridula Murthy Consultant – Research and Innovation 2

RESEARCH INSPIRATION Contents I Insightful Starters 13 Insightful Starters A Spotlight on Learning Studio Cognizance Achievers’ Recognition 5 CLO’s Perspective S A Spotlight on 9 Learning Studio C Cognizance 13 AI in Education 16 Are we making progress with our research? 18 Evaluating the New Education Policy (NEP) 2020 21 Growth Mindset in 21st 21 Century Higher Education 24 Growth Mindset in 21st A Achievers’ Century teaching Learning 37 Recognition Practices Content Collation Ms. Mridula Murthy 26 Changing Role of Higher Design and Development Education in the 21st Century Ms. Mridula Murthy and Ms. Usha Maradi VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 3

Insightful Starters INSIGHTFUL STARTERS 4

RESEARCH INSPIRATION Leading to the Future with a Growth Mindset Dr. Shradha Kanwar Insightful Starters Chief Learning Officer iNurture Education Solutions Bangalore As we pivot to the next normal, mindset. In the midst of uncertainty, chaos learning is undergoing a major and confusion, the only way forward will disruption, thus heralding a be to harness challenges and convert new world scenario, which is going to impediments to steppingstones through a be enhanced only by having the right growth mindset. Growth mindset in academia is an imperative today, as only through a positive and progressive approach can we lead ourselves into the new normal. ‘what’ to learn, ‘how’ to learn and ‘why’ to learn are becoming three critical queries of the 21st century. This is not because past learning processes have proved to be less VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 5

Insightful Starters effective, but more because future life world, as ‘what’ was learnt yesterday scenarios envisage a significant shift is becoming redundant today and from current learning orientations. The might become completely irrelevant locus of responsibility has shifted from tomorrow. the teacher inside the classroom, to the umpteen learning opportunities in the This unfortunately deters high order outside world. Whereas this has in many thinking and extinguishes the spark in ways made learning super exciting in a learner’s mind. Whereas this model real-time and uber-engaging to the mind; thrived in the past; in today’s high demand it has predicated confusion and chaos era of specialized global skills and digital triggered by abundance of choices. fluencies, its failure is imminent. There is an imperative need to metacognise and The SHIFT develop one’s abilities in understanding and thinking ‘how’ to learn. The first major shift is being witnessed With the world still trying to decode the in ‘what’ is learnt in the classrooms today. predicament of the millennials and the ‘What’ to be learnt needs to be defined future forecasting endless queries from by the relevance of times. Whereas the the centennials; the purpose of learning past witnessed harmony between the needs to be demystified. ‘Why’ we speed of change and speed of adaptation, learn has now become the most today, signals a monumental disruption important question as it moves because the accelerated speed of change focus towards critical value creating has outpaced adaptation. This is even opportunities that learners get through an more conspicuous, in the knowledge experience. 6

RESEARCH INSPIRATION Learning Value With the three major indicators of ‘why’, times. Future frontiers shall leverage data, Insightful Starters ‘how’ and ‘what’ becoming the valued analytics, artificial intelligence and all principles of learning, it becomes important dramatic technology influences, where the to recast a new learning design with a need for super intelligent human brains growth mindset, that appositely takes care who evolve as continuous learners and of the future of learning. The new learning researchers shall become even more conundrum requires a judicious blend of necessary. The purpose of learning is conceptual knowledge as its foundation to augment the human spirit of inquiry, with an interplay of practice as enrichment. discovery and self-efficacy. The present era Teachers’ role becomes even more critical is a crucible for shaping this extraordinary in engaging students with rich, experiential, human spirit, only if one can provide immersive and personalized experiences. wind beneath the wings of young minds Today’s disruptive times are replete with by giving them an extraordinary learning uncertainty and ambiguity, but there are experience and this is only possible with a phenomenal opportunities in these exciting growth mindset. VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 7

A Spotlight on Learning Studio A SPOTLIGHT ON LEARNINGSTUDIO 8

RESEARCH INSPIRATION A Spotlight on Learning Studio What we do at Learning Studio We at iNurture, continue to In this context, iNurture’s Learning Studio A Spotlight on Learning Studio strengthen the academic creates a lot of excitement in the higher portfolio in the higher education education space. Judiciously designed arena through industry-oriented, student- through intensive research of studying best centred and technology-enabled practices across top global institutes, the programmes. Enabling productive Learning Studio demonstrates exemplary employment remains our primary focus, standards in education with a cutting-edge and it is being realised through high-quality curriculum, state-of-the-art technology, industry immersion programmes and architecture, and multiple facets of industry distinctive academic delivery standards. immersion as its defining character. iNurture’s unique differentiator is in offering formal and more evolved programmes, with The following figure illustrates Learnings long term career pathways and assurance Studio’s dominant areas of work : of real-time industry value. Centre for Academic Aligns the learning strategy of iNurture Education Excellence Solutions with the overall business strategy through its new age academic programmes and learning (Established 2017) initiatives. Centre for Learning Focuses on developing the core competencies of the and Competence faculty members through various FDPs to strengthen Development the overall quality of teaching -learning processes across campuses. (Established 2020) Learning Centre for Knowledge Responsible for information assets enrichment Studio Management and and recommending best practices with respect to Advancement structuring curriculum, meticulous documentation of university records and events, using technology- tools (Established 2018) to atomise and standardise processes. Centre for Focuses on practices that helps in establishing Research and understanding of the research acumen, potential and the assistance required from us in the field of Innovation research. (Established 2019) Centre for Impact- Designed towards evaluating the quality and reach of Metrics and all initiatives and their impact on different processes Visibility and stakeholders. This centre shall play a critical role in measuring the iNurture Impact. From perception index, (In progress- to to net promoter scores, the effort shall be to establish be established) a data-driven approach towards the business strategy. VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 9

How we nurture Growth Mindset At the Learning Studio, we practices in their facilitation process. Other encourage up-skilling and re- practices such as orientations and faculty/ skilling among the academic and student surveys give way to the team to internal teams to deliver and mark high- identify needs and areas of development end and exemplary higher education to support, grow and deliver high-end standards. With five centres under the performance in all aspects.” Learning Studio, we as a team distribute our focus on enhancing and up-skilling faculties, students and other employees of iNurture, holistically in different areas. A Spotlight on Learning Studio Meet the heads of each of the centres of the Learning Studio and know what they have to say about nurturing growth mindset through their teams: MR. BRIJESH DAS MS. DEEPIKA K G “With the recent development and challenges faced in 2020, we all have “Academics is a field that calls for constant witnessed colossal shifts in work evolution and development. Our team environments, further resulting in sudden encourages faculty members to record unalarmed toil and challenges that demand their accomplishments and plan for their quick changes in the systems and ways career advancement through practices to operate. Thus, yet again, proving the such as IDP – where individuals are significance to upgrade our knowledge and encouraged to learn and develop their skills so as to be at our usual ease at work. career paths and skills; TLPs where With a growing need for tech-enablement they are encouraged to thoroughly plan and using different teaching methods to and reflect on bettering their teaching- enrich students’ learning experiences, it is learning process and bringing innovative crucial for every individual in the education space to enhance his/her propensities to perform effectively at work. The Centre for Learning and Competence Development provides research and principle-based training on relevant topics to employees for improved efficiency at work.” 10

RESEARCH INSPIRATION MS. ABHIRAMI D MS. MRIDULA A Spotlight on Learning Studio MURTHY “There is a conventional belief that Knowledge Management of an “Research is a process that comes in organisation depends on procuring the many stages, and in each phase, there is latest collaborative management tools or a possibility of facing rejections and failure, re-engineering the existing processes. which need persistence and a mindset to However, knowledge management learn and develop. Our team encourages depends on attitude and mind-set, wanting individuals to identify and take up diverse people to be bold, creative, collaborative, opportunities to learn and research. Faculty open to new ideas and new ways of members are encouraged to deliver high addressing problems, and simultaneously, standard research contributions, up-skill realising that a failed initiative has self and students, and be contributors in made us learn from our own or others’ setting trends in the field of research and mistakes. People within an organisation other subject areas.” should cultivate an atmosphere for open communication. An opportunity to share thoughts and ideas for oneself and others would create room for improvisation.” VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 11

Cognizance COGNIZANCE Ideas from iNurture Family 12

RESEARCH INSPIRATION Artificial Intelligence in Education in the 21st Century Artificial Intelligence is likely to be either the best or worst thing to happen to humanity. – Stephen Hawking We have seen many movies, computing power and the availability of Cognizance read a few books and heard enormous data and new algorithms have great speeches on artificial led to major AI breakthroughs in recent intelligence (AI). For instance, the movie years. One such place where AI is poised ‘I, Robot (2004)’ and the book ‘Artificial to make significant changes is in education. Intelligence and The End of The Human We may not see robots as teachers soon, Era’ by James Barrat. So far, artificial but many researchers are working on intelligence hasn’t made any such crazy several projects to advance the use of waves, but in many ways, it becomes AI in education. Here are a handful of AI omnipresent in numerous aspects of our applications that are helping students and daily lives. From personal assistants in our teachers enhance the overall education smartphones like Siri and Alexa to the more experience. underlying and fundamental technologies such as behavioural algorithms, suggestive Personalised Education searches and autonomously-powered self-driving vehicles, there are numerous AI helps the educational institutes find out examples and applications of artificial what a student does and doesn’t know. intelligence in use today. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a machine’s ability to display a human-like capacity to understand and learn any intellectual task the way a human being can. Some AI technologies have been around for more than five decades. Still, advances in VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 13

Cognizance It helps build personalised study schedules Automate admin tasks for individual learners considering the knowledge gaps. With the employment of A teacher spends an ample amount of time the hyper-personalisation concept, which grading tests and assignments of students. machine learning enables, AI technology AI can step in and make quick work out of is incorporated to tailor individual learners’ these tasks while at the same time, offering training materials, considering the student’s recommendations for how to close gaps in preferred mode of learning, the student’s learning. Although machines can already ability, and experience on an individual grade multiple-choice tests, they are very basis. close to assessing written responses as well. As AI steps into automatic admin tasks, Several AI-powered applications and it offers more time for teachers to invest systems help the learners, access instant in students. In addition to this, AI can also and tailored responses and get their doubts arrange personal interaction with guardians cleared from their teachers. With AI assisting and parents, facilitating feedback related to in generating digital content, learning is routine issues and resource access. proposed to become more digital and less dependent on books and hard copies. AI In higher education, AI-powered systems also plays a role in supplementing tutoring are being used to reduce human bias during and designing personal, conversational admission and enhance the credibility education assistants (chatbots) to aid in of the process since these systems use education or various tasks. specific parameters to select applications in admissions. Universal access for all students: AI facilitates trial-and-error AI-powered tools can help make Trial and error is a critical part of learning. global classrooms available to all It gives a student practical exposure, but learners irrespective of their languages for many students, the idea of failing or and demography and accessible to not correctly answering the questions is a specially-abled people. The tool- nightmare. Some don’t like being put on the Presentation Translator, a free plug-in spot in front of their fellow learners or teachers. for PowerPoint, creates subtitles in real- An intelligent computer system designed to time for what the teacher is saying. It help students learn, is less intimidating and a also opens up possibilities for students great way to deal with trial and error. AI offers who might not attend schools due to illnesses students a way to experiment and learn in a or several other reasons. For instance, relatively judgmental-free environment. In the usage of various AI-powered tools fact, AI is the perfect format for supporting this during the COVID-19 lockdown to kind of learning, as AI systems themselves conduct online classes had increased. often learn by the trial-and-error method. 14

Virtual Mentoring RESEARCH INSPIRATION Cognizance 15 AI-powered platforms offer virtual mentors to track the student’s progress. Of course, only human teachers can better understand the students’ needs, but it is good to get instant feedback from the virtual tutor. AI also helps in better engagement; modern technologies like VR and gamification help involve students in the education process, making it more interactive. AI-powered tools like Alexa, Siri and Google allow interacting with various learning materials without communicating with a teacher. As a result, it is possible to use an education platform anywhere, anytime. Conclusion The education sector could witness a sea change a few decades from now. We can expect Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) to occupy a prime place in all educational practices. AI has started to prove its advantages and power in a wide range of academic areas. It remains to be seen how the technology will empower and augment overall learning outcomes for one and all. VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2

Are we making progress with our research? Think again! Cognizance In recent times, most scholars join end to the depth of knowledge level, and we research to be awarded a doctorate end up spending more time unnecessarily. after completing their department tenure. Few scholars plan to relax in the beginning Throughout my research journey, I have to finish it precisely before the minimum encountered many hurdles, including tenure of submission exceeds. Genuinely, financial burden. Few of the scholarships such a mindset is not going to improve our would be settled half-yearly or yearly. quality of research, and we have to remain Environmental limitations are those which forever hungry while travelling on the path cannot be avoided. It is essential not to lose of research. The more we work on the same our patience and hope during such testing topic, the more we can dive into the topic’s times. Every researcher must answer the details. The more we dive deep into the following questions at the beginning of their ocean of any subject, the more we find the research journey: rarest of the pearls where none had access before. » Will it be benefitting me as an individual? » Will it be benefitting society? It is very much needed for any researcher » Will it be contributing anything to the body to have clarity on their journey of research. When we begin to execute any of our travel of knowledge? plans, we must know where to reach and when to stop. Same way, for research, we Answering each question listed above plays have to understand where to stop. If we go an essential role in our research, since we all on diving deeper and deeper, there can be no compete individually. 16

RESEARCH INSPIRATION We want to progress every day, every year and and suggest different restricting strategies Cognizance every moment, so we have to be convinced for business. It is being observed, since we about how our research will benefit us as an are yet to get a vaccine for COVID-19 here in individual. India, a lot of companies have changed the way they were addressing their customers The next question is, through our research previously. findings or managerial implications or suggestions, are we going to bring positive Temperature checks and sanitisers are changes to society? Research to improve the visible everywhere now. During this situation, community is needed as the hidden power one can suggest or predict the future of of research can be seen after getting results business management post-COVID-19 once we work on managerial implications. period. Restructuring every department in the business is the only way of survival in a The last question is, are we contributing pandemic situation. Scientists are working on anything to the existing body of knowledge? vaccines, and we, the business management While researchers are interpreting many researchers, are thinking of many new ideas theories already proposed by experts in the to attract new customers and sell products in field, new studies have to ensure that the the market. work contributed through research is taking an existing body of knowledge towards the Research is the only way to get solutions next level. Once you defend yourself with the for new problems worldwide in any field, so above questions, you can begin with your a lot can be achieved if we understand the research journey. importance of research and research results. I wish we, the faculties, start to sow the As a researcher, in the 21st century of seeds of research to our students as early as business management, one can think of possible. We can expect more wonders from critically evaluating the COVID-19 situation those young brains of the 21st century. VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 17

Evaluating The New Education Policy (NEP) 2020 Dr. Amrinder Singh Jain (Deemed to be University) Bangalore Cognizance Union Government (cabinet) approved We shall start with the positives first. the New Education Policy (NEP) 2020 on July 29th, published as a ◊ The policy aims to swap the current 10+2 revolutionary and advanced reform overdue system with a new 5+3+3+4 curricular for an extended period. The draft New structure corresponding to ages 3-8, Education Policy-2019 was made public in 8-11, 11-14 and 14-18 years respectively, June last year, and the government hunted which means that it will bring the hitherto suggestions from various stakeholders till uncovered age group of 3-6 years under July 31st last year. school curriculum. NEP 2020 is the first bright education ◊ 100% Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in policy of the 21st century; the last two school education up to secondary level policies were implemented in 1968 and by 2030 from the present 58.5%. 1986 (subsequently modified in 1992). Innovative alterations, predominantly in the ◊ To bring two crores out of school children technological realm, growing at a remarkable back into the mainstream through an speed worldwide, stimulated the need for open schooling system. a full-fledged NEP. The proponents and opponents have uttered their viewpoints in ◊ The mid-day meals provided to students the context of NEP. Those who support the in government or aided schools to be policy state that this policy has a vision for supplemented by breakfast. reclaiming, re-articulating, and reformating India to become a vishwaguru, concurrently ◊ From the age of 3, children will be part achieving the objectives like equity, fairness, of Early Childhood Care and Education and fraternity. The opponents opine that this (ECCE) which will be delivered through policy won’t be able to contribute anything to anganwadis, pre-primary schools and the national progress as it entirely overlooks stand-alone pre-schools. All workers/ the logicality and practicality aspects. Both teachers specially trained in the curriculum consenting and rebellious views need to be and pedagogy of ECCE will be recruited. weighed appropriately against the positives and negatives of NEP. ◊ Teaching up to class fifth in mother tongue/regional language. ◊ Interview to assess the ease and proficiency in teaching in the local language to become an integral part of teacher hiring. 18

RESEARCH INSPIRATION ◊ Multiple entries and exit points in higher the education sector so far (using figures of education which indicates that under the 2020-21 budget), the government needs to four-year programmes, students can exit spend Rs. 13.49 lakh crore for reaching 6% after one year with a certificate, after two of GDP and Rs. 1.83 lakh crore for touching years with a diploma, a Bachelor’s degree 6% of the budget. after three years and a Bachelor’s with research after four years. The spiralling effects of fund starvation spin all the other related problems. Under ◊ Permission for overseas universities to the industrial revolution 4.0, technology is set up campuses in India, thereby helping changing very fast. In 60 seconds, there are internationalisation of education and 9 lakh logins taking place on Facebook, 1.6 phasing out affiliation of colleges in 15 crore messages exchanged on WhatsApp, years for granting graded autonomy to 35 lakh searches made on Google and 41 colleges. lakh videos viewed on YouTube. When the world is moving at such a fast pace, we are ◊ Eliminating the rigid separation of science- still grappling with the age-old problems like commerce-art streams. an inadequate number of teachers, non- availability of books in libraries, and the lack ◊ Increasing public spending on education of resources, non-accessibility of computers to nearly 6% of gross domestic product and poor quality of internet. Thus, the (GDP) from around 4% now. superiority gets fully compromised, and NEP is also completely silent about it. From these points, there is not even an iota of doubt that the government is not clear Cognizance about its destination, and the journey that the government undertakes is equally non- specific. An analysis of government spending on the education sector since 2014 highlights the desperate shortage of funds in this sector. Successive governments, including the present union government, have raised government spending on education to 6% of GDP. However, in reality, the state spending on education is not even 6% of the total budget allocation. For five years or so (since 2015-16), the government’s total spending on the education sector remained less than 0.5% of the GDP and 4% of the total budget. They are precisely computing at Rs. 99311 crore, which is the uppermost allocation for VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 19

Cognizance Another significant aspect about which the the inequality between the haves and have NEP remained unvoiced is its accountability nots. while collecting and spending the funds meant for the education sector. The Lastly, a contradiction is found to exist in government collects direct and indirect tax terms of the conception of regulators. On the from the people. Besides tax collection, national front, the government proposes a different types of cases are also imposed single regulator by merging UGC and AICTE on the taxable income. Education cases to avoid duplication of activities. At the higher were first set in 2004 to the level of 2% to education level, it is setting up an independent enhance the availability of resources for State School Standards Authority (SSSA) for providing primary education to the students. auditing the safety, security, infrastructure In the year 2007, an additional case of 1% and teaching norms at the state level. The was introduced to fund secondary and higher task of SSSA is to bring transparency in education. Subsequently, in the year 2019, the education field as it will put the audited the then finance minister converted the reports of schools in the public domain. education cases to health and education However, the creation of SSSA will only add cases and increased it to 4% (from 3%) to up to the existing regulators at the school provide funds for improving rural families’ level in the presence of the state education health services. So far, from the year 2004 board, directorate of school education and to 2019, education cases proceeds have school council of educational research and amounted to Rs. 4.25 lakh crore, but its training in almost every state. utilisation has remained a debatable issue. Pertinently, the Comptroller and Auditor In light of the above discussion, it won’t be General (CAG) has emphasised the proper inappropriate to assert that the objectives consumption of funds for the purpose that with which the NEP is framed are clear, but they are collected. It is accredited to the lack the road through which these aspirations are of accountability only that despite paying tax to be fulfilled is yet to be laid down properly. to the government, many parents are hesitant to send their children to government schools and colleges. On the one hand, the NEP is powerfully Image Source: https://d3jlwjv6gmyigl.cloudfront.net/ favouring privatisation and commercialisation images/2020 /07/edu3.jpg of education and autonomy of institutions by thrilling all restrictions on fees; at the same time, there is hardly any mention of provisions for providing subsidised/free education to the marginalised and oppressed sections of the society. An increase in fees will only intensify 20

RESEARCH INSPIRATION Growth Mindset in the 21st Century Higher Education and Research Ms. Priya Bansal Senior Faculty, ADYPU Pune There are two main mindsets we can navigate life with: growth and fixed. Having a growth mindset is essential for success. Here we explore how to develop the right mindset for improving your intelligence – Caroll Dweck “What do we think of ourselves” – Take a minute and answer this to yourself..!! It will decide whether we have a fixed them more market-ready and employable. Cognizance mindset or a growth mindset. Suppose we The traditional education model should be believe that our qualities and personality replaced by innovative methods of delivering are unchangeable. In that case, we fall under education and imparting knowledge to focus the first category with a fixed mindset, but on student-centric learning and motivate if we think we can evolve, learn, improve, self practising in learning. There is a dire and develop, we are the ones with a growth need to understand what these educational mindset. The idea here is that intelligence can providers/institutes can do to align with the be created and is not set in stone. Working ever-changing job market requirements. To and operating outside the comfort zone is a achieve this, an educator can take ‘building key to improve performance. growth mindsets’ as an essential step or tool among the learners. As an educator, we In line with this concept, higher education need to provide the learners with a conducive is also evolving and changing. There is a environment that motivates them to build and paradigm shift in higher education. Learners/ improve their abilities. students need to equip themselves with in- demand skills for better employability in the The learners should be exposed to a growth prospective markets. The concept of ‘once mindset, which emphasises efforts over and done isn’t acceptable anymore, and intelligence and creative thinking should be embracing continuous learning will make appreciated and rewarded. VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 21

However, it should be noted that an educator Carol Dweck may not create such a significant impact all alone; support from other stakeholders like A pioneer in growth mindset theory, views parents, alumni, institute, industry and the intelligence as fluid and can be developed learner itself are required. over time instead of being regarded as a Cognizance The new-age learners are different. Their fixed trait. According to her, the students span of paying attention has decreased, who were praised for their efforts performed and they believe and expect digital methods better in future tasks than students praised of learning. They are more inclined towards for their intelligence. simulation activities, inter-disciplinary learning and more interactive sessions. This Similarly, a growth mindset that values has made it necessary to strive continuously efforts over intelligence and rewards for learning and upskilling. Therefore, an divergent thinking must be embedded within environment that fosters learning and India’s post-secondary institutional culture. relearning is expected to become the new Educators got to use two essential levers normal going ahead. To keep up with the for promoting the expansion mindset. The changing environment and paradigm shift first is to embrace failure. Educators can in learning, we as educators and other boost student motivation and achievement educational institutes should transit towards by encouraging students to look at loss a flexible model of education. positively and foster a learning culture that rewards risk and mistakes. The second We need a model which allows a student/ lever relates to formative feedback. learner to enrol for different interdisciplinary Replacing exam-based evaluation with courses and provide some worldwide more detailed and constructive feedback exposure through training and internships. To may result in better student persistence. achieve this, the growth mindset is inevitable, along with redesigning and revamping the education models. We need to embrace and promote a growth mindset which put efforts first rather than the results. Some of the ways to achieve this growth mindset among students are to view failure as an opportunity to learn, foster a learning culture that rewards and appreciate the risk, and replace the exam-based evaluation system with constructive feedback. The growth mindset can be cultivated among students as a part of institutional culture. 22

RESEARCH INSPIRATION Educators need to depart from the old mindset It is interesting to note that while the concept Cognizance of viewing failure as a stigma. Working closely of developing a growth mindset for students with students to assist them, learn from their has received adequate attention, not much mistakes and praising their efforts to progress has been written on cultivating the same for within the right direction are pillars of the educators. Instead of exerting pressure on expansion mindset. However, it is essential faculty members to jump on the technology not to practice what has increasingly been bandwagon, leaders will need to recognise recognised as a false growth mindset. the educators’ willingness to flex their pedagogical styles to remain before the In this case, teachers do not correctly curve. embrace the concept of a growth mindset and heap empty praise on students without To successfully reform India’s education actually helping them embark on learning by system, the three pillars of leadership, doing. growth mindset and innovative learning models will need to work collectively. They Another critical component of a growth are interdependent and cannot operate in mindset is formative feedback. Exam-based isolation. evaluation and the marks-centric approach within the Indian education system must For instance, cultivating a growth mindset pave the way for more constructive feedback is necessary but not sufficient. It has to be supported by effective listening and backed by sound leadership strategies that nurturing. are committed to fostering innovation and experimentation. For instance, the University of Pittsburgh in the United States endorses scaffolding Reforming the higher education sector cannot pedagogical strategy based on three happen instantly and will need to be phased essential elements of formative feedback— over the years to come. Leaders will need to providing a general comment or a score, draft a blueprint for this transition as smooth identifying areas where there has been as possible. Staying attuned to the external visible improvement and identifying areas forces and revisiting internal strategies at that need improvement. defined intervals will be crucial. Also, educators/faculties can spread greater But most importantly, as they try to awareness of the potential benefits of understand the demands of the changing developing a growth mindset beyond the nature of work and take action to address institution. To ensure that the growth mindset the associated challenges, leaders would is all-pervasive and deeply embedded, we have to keep the essential stakeholder can work alongside parents who play a at the heart of everything they do— crucial role in the students’ decisions. the students. VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 23

Growth Mindset in 21st Century Higher Education and Research Dr. Prem Kumar iNurture Education Solutions Bangalore The global parameters which define continuously changing learning environment and measure growth are changing in higher education and research, it is highly along with the morphing world affairs sought after to maintain the zeal of a growth of education and research. It is believed that mindset. the growth mindset is Cognizance more important in itself than higher education and research status. It is believed that intelligence can be changed positively in philosophy, work and education or any other area. In education, particularly, the importance of a growth mindset has been prioritised in different studies (Dweck, 2006, 2008). The philosophy of growth mindset advocates for learning, growing and working hard to achieve set goals irrespective of failures and setbacks. It argues that failures or setbacks should be understood as opportunities to enhance our capabilities by understanding the feedback. In this 24

RESEARCH INSPIRATION There are two sets of mindsets known as learning platforms for additional knowledge Cognizance fixed and growth. A fixed mindset is one and degrees in higher education and job where it is proposed that intelligence is requirements. In research of various domains, static, but we tend to look smart by avoiding self-administration is highly sought after challenges and giving up easily while facing progressing and completing on the stipulated obstacles. A fixed mindset also ignores time. Educators can work on developing a valuable negative feedback or criticism, and growth mindset to nurture students as not it feels threatened by others’ success. In such only learners but also creators. With SMART a situation, a person with a fixed mindset may (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic lead to exhibit his/her partial potential only. and Time-based goals), it can be developed On the other hand, with a growth mindset, among educators and learners. Receiving intelligence can be developed to higher levels. criticism, approaching new tasks, changing We tend to face challenges happily and learn roles and eagerness to learn can be a vital more from negative feedback and criticism. It tool to practice to develop a growth mindset. also enables us to find learning lessons from others’ success and even failure. The development of a growth mindset is a necessary ingredient in becoming a We find students and teachers of both successful teacher. Learning about students’ mindsets open and fixed. With a fixed mindset, perspective and motivating them towards a we believe in inherited intelligence, which growth mindset will be a need of the hour in cannot change. On the contrary, with an open the coming future as resources will be plenty. mindset, we believe in acquiring intelligence It will be accessible from anywhere in the through regular practice and patience while world. In a nutshell, there will be a rise of self- working on corrective measures. Self- administrated learning soon, and a growth determination plays a vital role in nourishing mindset is the only formula to excel in the 21st the growth mindset and developing the century. required skills to excel in higher education and research. It is found that students with References: an open mindset perform better (Claro and Paunesku, 2014). ◊ https://transformingeducation.org/wp- content/uploads/2020/10/growthMindset_ A growth mindset should be valued more graphic.jpg than the test scores, which only tell us about the current situation or intelligence but do not ◊ Dweck, C. S. (2006, 2007). Mindset: The reveal the extent to which a student can grow. new psychology of success. New York, In a world full of competition, ICT availability, NY: Random House. easy access to the web, and readily available resources, we value a growth mindset more ◊ Claro, S., and Paunesku, D. (2014). than inherited intelligence. The coming Stanford University. PNAS, Proceedings century will bring a world of self-administered of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 25

Changing Role of Higher Education in the 21st Century Dr G. Saravana Kumar Associate Professor, Jain (Deemed to be) University, Bengaluru Cognizance Abstract Keywords: Higher education, teaching pedagogies, curriculum theories, digital Education has evolved around learning, student-centric teaching. centuries from the traditional Gurukul system to the new digital online Introduction learning age. There has been a significant development in the teaching methodology in We have heard of the Ancient Gurukul way of the 21st century and in teaching pedagogies teaching where the guru or the teacher took and curriculum. There has been a paradigm classes for his students even under a tree, shift from teacher-centric teaching to student- and the students will absorb his teachings centric teaching. Various curriculum theories by listening to the guru, with respect and have been published since the 20th century discipline followed by the students and and debated in educating students in the traditionally imparted by the gurus. As best manner. This article aims to capture the Praksaha said, “The Gurukul system of evolution of higher education and discuss education in India, the school education future challenges in the 21st century. It is also followed a Sage on stage approach and over based on the fact that government and private the past few decades, teachers have started sectors have gone up manifold worldwide and to believe that a guide on the side approach the importance of knowing if quality education is critical for deeper learning to take place takes the front seat than revenue. This study among students”(Prakasha et al.` 2020). This also explores the focus of universities and Gurukul system has more educational value, the Ministry of Education on quality education and hence, even now in the modern 21st in India. The research is done based on century, the Gurukul system of teaching is secondary data. The changing role of higher followed in some places in some disciplines. education is captured to gain insight into There is a saying in Tamil, “Matha, pita, guru how the education system is progressing and deivam,” which means the first mother, in general, worldwide, and in particular, in then father, then teacher and last is God, India. Universities are increasing in the 21st which is the order of hierarchy that since century, and the teaching methodologies are olden days. It reflects the importance of a also changing with the advent of Information teacher. and Communication Technology (ICT). 26

RESEARCH INSPIRATION Teacher social change agents for the human resource development of the nation. The most Teaching Stake Institution important feature during the Vedic period was Platform Holders Of that women were admitted to have complete Teaching religious rights and educational facilities. They enjoyed equal status with men in all Student domains of education. Later on, the Vedic period of education witnessed changes in Parent the educational system. Three academic Cognizance institutions existed in the later Vedic period Figure No.1. Stake holders of teaching (BC 1000-BC 600). The first one was the usual system in which the teacher, as a settled Stakeholders of teaching involve the teacher, householder, admitted students of tender age who is an essential stakeholder and imparts for the class. These students left their home knowledge. It also consists of the institution for study after the initial ceremony for learning that provides the infrastructure required for called upanayana. Secondly, debating circles education, a good teaching platform that and parishads were other learning centres may be a physical classroom or online as where students discussed and debated we follow now. All the above aspects need various aspects of knowledge. The third kind to synchronise well in an education system of systems was featured by conferences so that the student is most benefitted from hosted by kings in which the representatives it. But there are some cases in which the of different schools participated. institutions are most benefitted economically. Private educational institutions are required Education during the Buddhist period for students’ benefit, but the main motive of educational institutions should not be Now, let us analyse and learn the nature and making more money. Education should not features of the Buddhist form of education be converted into a commercial business which was religious and secular. The learners organisation where sales and profit-making were usually monks and also the teachers are the primary motives. (Dahiya, 2016). The most central aspect of the Buddhist form of education was that it Higher Education in India in the Vedic remained open to all people irrespective of period castes except slaves, army deserters, the disabled, and the sick. It developed out of A historical journey from ancient Indian higher the teachings of the Buddha as classified as education is not a new phenomenon. It has a Vinaya (monolithic discipline), Sutta (group long historical and traditional root on which discourse) and Abhidhamma (works of the present system of education has been doctrine). developed. Higher education institutions are acknowledged as the most significant VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 27

Cognizance Buddhist education was centred in studies situated in Bihar and was popularly monasteries and was in the hands of the known for Buddhist studies and attracted monks. We can, without a doubt, claim that scholars from China, Nepal, Tibet, and the first institutional education centres were Korea. The University curriculum included started during this period. In some ways, a wide variety of Brahminical and Buddhist, aspects of these educational institutions can Sacred and Secular, Philosophical and be compared with modern universities. The Practical. The entrance examination was Buddhist education curriculum encompassed very tough. The teaching methods used were Vinaya, Sutta or Suttanta and Abhidhamma, oral, explanation of books, lecture, dialogue together with Suttas and Sutta Vibhanya, and in addition to these, other approaches, mainly taught orally. namely, Bhikshatanam, Shram, Parishad, Goshti Charan, were used. A Buddhist text includes numerous disciplines or subjects such as the Lokayata system, Higher Education during Mediaeval period the four Vedas and Vedangas, Astrology, in India Medicine, Astronomy, Poetry, Interpretation of Omens, Philosophical system of Samkhya, The Medieval era in India’s history is a Yoga, Nyaya and Vaisheshika, Witchcraft, significant point of social and cultural Music, Magic, Art of War, and several arts synthesis. As per Alam Muzzafar (1991), the and crafts as well as Arithmetic. history of education in the medieval period echoes a part of the broader study of society’s Taxila/ Takshshila history, social history primarily interpreted with politics, economics, and religion. By It was the most famous Buddhist seat of the 11th Century AD, Madrasahs or colleges the wisdom of higher learning. The Greek had developed as the learning centres of travellers, namely, Arian and Stravo, had higher education and learning with a specific narrated the prosperity of Takshshila. It was intention to promote religious knowledge. popular especially for the school of Medicine, Law and Military Science, Astrology, They were primarily theological institutions, Agriculture which, by midway through the 6th providing instruction in language and other century, had attained admiration as a great secular subjects as a secondary activity and centre of learning, alluring scholars from were maintained or aided by the government. India’s distant parts. The Madrasahs were usually attached to mosques in the same way as the Maktabs. The Nalanda University, Vikramshila and “At the threshold of the Islamic education, Vallabhi Universities were, perhaps, the most Muslim youth of Madrasahs are unable to vital and significant universities of ancient have modern education because of which India. Nalanda University was a centre of they become peregrinators” (Wani,2012). learning for knowledge seekers of higher 28

RESEARCH INSPIRATION The courses of tutoring in the Madrasahs be ‘the advancement of European literature and science amongst the natives of India.’ comprised grammar, Logic, Rhetoric, Macaulay reflects the view that English education was necessary for the Indian higher Theology, Metaphysics, Literature, education system. On the other hand, McCully (1940) reported that Indians continuously Jurisprudence and Science. Few of the demanded an English style of higher education because it provided high status and Madrasahs enjoyed the status of universities. prestigious jobs in the British bureaucracy or the growing commercial sector. The idea Higher Education in Colonial India of establishing universities in India on the London University model (i.e. universities of The educational system was based on the affiliating type) was first promoted in Sir ancient religious and philosophical literature Charles Wood’s Dispatch of 1854 (Ghosh et al., 1975) of Sanskrit, Arabic and Persian. In addition has been described as the Magna Carta of English to the Vedas and the Upanishads, the Hindu education in India. students specialised in Medicine, Surgery, One significant indicator of the higher education system Astronomy, Music, Dancing, development is the Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER). Painting, Magic and the Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) reflects the total Art of Warfare. On the percentage of enrolment in higher education from 18 to 30 age group other hand, the Muslims of the total population of a country. Most of the developed nations possess a very high also studied the Quran, GER in higher education of more than 30%. The GER of countries in transition is between Rhetoric, Logic, Law, Euclid, 10 to 30%. Emerging countries are having an enrolment ratio of less than 10%. Due to Ptolemy’s Astronomy, international agencies and a few countries’ efforts, there is a trend to massify the higher different branches of natural education system worldwide. More than 100 million students enrolled worldwide in Philosophy and works on higher education. This indicates that higher education has moved from an elite enterprise Metaphysics, additionally. It to a mass phenomenon. is generally accepted that India’s existing university Cognizance system is a creation of the British colonialist impact. Higher Education (in English) in India It began with establishing a Hindu College in Calcutta in 1817, the first ‘Europeanised’ learning centre of higher learning in India. The current higher education system in India has its roots in Mount Stuart Elphinstone’s ‘minute’ of 1823. He emphasised the creation of schools for teaching English and European Sciences. Consequently, in his ‘minute’ of 1835, Macaulay specified that the objective of the British government must VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 29

Components of Higher Education Educational outcomes Curriculum There is an increased emphasis in the number Before we discuss the western perspectives of education systems in western countries on of the higher education curriculum, it will be preparing learners through broad learning worthwhile to peep into the primary curriculum outcomes or general competencies. This elements. In his seminal work, K, Ralph W growing trend indicates that the teaching- Taylor (2013), ‘Basic Principles of Curriculum learning process’s main intention is not and Instruction,’ detailed the four major for retention and repetition of knowledge curriculum components. According to him, acquired but the application of this knowledge the first element of curriculum construction is in different contexts. Our present-day world the setting up of educational objectives. is more and more uncertain, continually changing and presenting new challenges. Identification of relevant subject matter or It requires individuals to expand and apply content is the second aspect of curriculum new understanding. To adjust to new ways engineering. The selection of suitable of curriculum, one needs to develop student instructional strategies appropriate to competency in areas such as most countries students’ content and level is the third in west Europe and the United States focus on element of curriculum designing. learning outcomes related to communication, collaboration, critical thinking, problem- The last element is assessment practices to solving, creativity and learning how to learn. check whether educational objectives are attained or not. Teaching Learning Process Cognizance Educational objectives Conventionally, lecture and other expository methods dominated the field of higher Educational objectives are core to any education. Most of the recent researches in level of education. Educational objectives education search for innovative and learner- of a particular group and subject contribute centred pedagogic techniques. Hence, there to the goals of education in that country. is a shift in emphasis recently from teacher Beyond this, they reflect the universal aims to learner. Teachers’ role is considered as of education as well. Educational objectives a facilitator. Learners are actively involved are the specific expressions of broad and far- in the learning process rather than being reaching goals of education. passive listeners. This trend in the teaching- learning process was more evident in Educational objectives can be classified school education. This shift in emphasis as cognitive, affective and skill objectives. is a trend in teaching the learning process Cognitive objectives emphasise the in most Western countries, including the intellectual and knowledge outcomes of the United States and the UK, in their higher learner after instruction. education in the late 1960s and early 1970s. 30

RESEARCH INSPIRATION They began to use projects, seminars, international recognition to a certain extent. Cognizance assignments, and other self-learning In contrast, several of our universities and techniques in higher education pedagogy. institutes fail to produce neither a world- Another remarkable change in Europe class skilled workforce nor improve quality and the United States’ higher education is research and innovations. In the present technologically assisted pedagogy. 21st century, digital technology has facilitated online learning accessible for students, and Higher Education in India the Government of India is also promoting online courses through Swayam MOOC’s As per the All India Survey on Higher massive open online courses. Various other Education (AISHE) 2017-18, the Gross sites like Coursera, linked learning, and Enrolment Ratio (GER) in higher education even foreign universities offer free and paid is 25.8%, and the total enrolment in higher short-term online courses with certificates education in the year 2017-18 was 36.6 and credits. It has created interest among million, with 17.4 million girls and 19.2 million students as well as among teachers to update boys. The GER target was 25.2% at the end their knowledge. of the Twelfth Five Year Plan in 2017 and 30% by 2020. India’s is the 3rd most significant Outcome based Education higher education system globally, after China and the United States. The apex governing The emerging concept of Outcome-based body is the UGC so far (University Grants education (OBE), also known as standards- Commission) which enforces its standards, based education, is an educational theory norms and timely intervention to coordinate that is based on an educational system the educational matters between Central and focused on goals (outcomes). “Outcomes- State government. The structure of the higher based education [OBE] is currently favoured educational institutions are: internationally to promote educational renewal and has been implemented in countries such 1. Universities and university-level as Canada, the United States and New institutions Zealand” (Malan SPT, 2000). By the end of the educational experience, each student 2. Colleges and finally should have achieved a goal. Outcome- 3. Diploma/Certificates awarding institutions Based Education (OBE) is a student-centric teaching and learning methodology in which These institutions are mainly categorised the course delivery, assessments are planned based on funding source: Central and State to achieve stated objectives and outcomes. governments and private agencies. India plays It is designed to measure the student’s more stress on science and technology at the performance, i.e. results at different levels. tertiary level of education. Indian institutions It has been introduced in India from 2014 consist of many technology institutes, and onwards and now being followed in almost all now India’s global acknowledgement of universities across India. institutions, IITs and IIMs could achieve VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 31

Cognizance Outcome-based methods have been system applies the same assessment followed in countries like Australia and South method for all students. In contrast, there Africa, which adopted OBE policies in the are various skills among students and early 1990s but have been phased out since students who are specialised in different then. United States had an OBE program types of skills, which need to be changed. as early as 1994, which has been adapted over the years. Active learning methods like Despite significant progress over flipped learning, group discussions, case the past few years, Indian higher studies, role play, fishbowl, think-pair-share, education faces four broad challenges: respond-react-reply, round table, etc., have also been introduced to students think on ◊ The Challenges related to the central the topic and express views instead of just pillars of education: The three main memorising and reproducing. In recent pillars of the government’s education plans years Blooms taxonomy levels have been reflect these realities: access, equity, and taught in almost all universities across India, quality. India has a low enrollment rate in and the exam question papers are being higher education, at only 18% compared prepared based on Cognitive style using with China (26%) and Brazil (36%). By BTL (Bloom, 1956). This has made some 2020, India aims to achieve 30% gross progress in student assessment methods enrolment, and hence the facilities and to bring out students’ learning using various quality of education must be increased. action verbs grouped into six categories: remembering, understanding, applying, ◊ The poor quality of teaching and analysing, evaluating, and creating. learning process. Our education Eventhoughtheneweducationsystemisbeing system is affected by poor quality issues as found in many institutions: Figure No.2 Our present education system by Einstein Our education system is affected by poor quality issues as found in many introduced, the assessment methods almost institutions. There is also an extreme remain the same and need a drastic change. shortage of experienced and qualified As suggested by Einstein, our education faculty, poor quality teaching, outdated methods of transaction, obsolete curricula and pedagogy, lack of accountability, and quality assurance are points of concern. ◊ Limitations on research capacity and innovation: At present, there are very few PhD enrolments, and the problem is researchers are unable to find the right guide for their domain and also the mentors do not provide much guidance to the research scholars and are left to work on their own. 32

RESEARCH INSPIRATION Some researchers even outsource their 1) Promotion of Research and Innovation Cognizance work, especially the statistical part. Besides researchers, finding journals online is We know that India is a country with untamed another problem since most are paid and unexploited potential getting ready to be journals, and many institutions subscribe actualised. The fundamental driver behind only to some vital engineering or medical any innovation process is the human factors journals. Access to plagiarism software is associated with it. There is a need to think not available for most researchers, which about fresh and new research and innovation results in more plagiarised work. We have to clarify the ideal research. a lack of early-stage research experience and low levels of industry engagement, 2) University and Community Partnership which creates a weak learning ecosystem for innovation. The establishment of medieval universities ◊ Irregular growth and access to can be traced back to the University of opportunity:In the social set up, India Bologna in 1088. It was envisaged for the remains highly divided and allocated, teaching, and later on, as centuries passed, and hence access to higher education is research also became part and parcel of uneven with multidimensional inequalities the universities’ activities. In India, the post- in enrolment across population groups independence phase of higher education and geographies. saw universities as centres of teaching and research. Radhakrishnan Commission, for Prospective Vision for India’s Higher the first time, after independence, suggested Education the need for extension of activities by the teachers of universities as a prime function Even though global factors, rapid other than teaching and research ecosystem. internationalisation of education and international competition for talents influenced 3) Emphasis on Skill Development our education, it is mainly economic growth, demographics and politics that transformed We all know that India is a rapidly changing India’s higher education. Hence our higher economy. Every year a large volume of the education system needs systemic reforms rural skilled labour force migrates to the cities and high quality, affordable education system. for better-paid jobs. This constitutes a heavy It is possible only when we have a robust drain on pastoral resources, economy and framework that defines higher education’s self-sufficiency. On the other side, India is mission and vision. In this context, we must expected to become one of the most populous have a perspective and future vision for our nations by 2025, with a headcount of around higher education system. The present higher 1.4 billion. India is also likely to have the education should focus on five aspects to largest workforce in the world by 2025. become a contributing nation to the global village. VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 33

Cognizance With such a picture of Indian demography, Conclusion the government and policymakers must show intense commitment towards skill Education in India has many choices and development. In this context, our education plenty of private universities and governed sectors must be strongly linked to industries. by government bodies like UGC, AICTE Industries must work with educational for technical education and the Ministry of institutions to better train the workforce and Education. The New Education Policy in to keep the industry competitive. India has brought some exciting changes in our education system, which has been 4) Promoting Open Online Courses much debated in present webinars. Our universities need to focus on producing The growth of distance education can be skilful, employable graduates with good traced back to the period after independence communication and technical skills. The when India faced the problem of educating current educational endeavours are mostly millions of students at all levels. Later, done online, and every effort should be taken to expand India’s facilities of education to uplifting our education to a world-class by providing a less expensive mode of international standard of education. The world imparting higher education, UGC had is changing with emerging technologies such appointed an expert committee under as artificial intelligence, machine learning Dr D.S’s chairmanship. Kothari explored and blockchain. It is now widely believed that the possibility of starting correspondence the next industrial revolution is going to come courses in a few selected universities. As the from new-age technologies. Technological recommendation made by this commission, change has created a revolutionary change the University of Delhi began to pioneer in the education sector. Digitalised education effort in 1962. This may be considered as helps students learn comfortably at home, the genesis of open and distance learning in even using their smartphone, tablet or laptop higher education in India. (Seethal K and Menaka, 2019). But the moot question that pops up in our face is, 5) Focus on internationalisation of higher do we have a skilled workforce to drive that education growth? The answer is ‘No’, according to CP Gurnani, CEO and MD of Tech Mahindra. For higher education, though there are The top 10 IT companies take only 6% of numerous limitations, Indian education is the engineering graduates, and he says 94 internationally accepted and recognised. % of Indian engineering graduates are not Many of the Indian teachers and students employable. India is now No.1 in the highest are recognised worldwide with the best unemployment in the world. McKinsey’s curriculum and teaching-learning process. report suggests that only 25 per cent of For that, we must adopt various strategies to engineers in India were employable. attract international students to India. 34

RESEARCH INSPIRATION Given the situation, our country has excellent Sciences 28 (2000). human resources and the highest young 9. Bloom, B. S., Krathwohl, D. R., and Masia, population in the world in the age group of 18-24. Teachers, universities, government, B. B. (1956). Taxonomy of Educational and technical resource companies should Objectives: The Classification of work together to provide a sound learning Educational Goals, New York, NY: D. system for students who motivate their critical McKay. thinking and work with innovative ideas and 10. Seethal, K., & Menaka, B. (2019). get employed easily. Digitalisation Of Education In 21STCentury: A Boon Or Bane. Higher Education, 43, References 196. 11. www.litercay.unisa.edu.au 1. Prakasha, G. S., Sarah, H. H., & Hemalathaa, K. Y. (2020). Examining Learner Agency in Online Teaching. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(12), 6509-6516. 2. Alam, Muzaffar., 1991. Higher Education in Mediaeval India. In Moonis Raza (ed.), Higher Education in India: Retrospect and Prospect, AIU, New Delhi. 3. Dahiya, M. S. L. Development of Education during the Buddhist Period. 4. Wani, Hilal Ahmad. “Madrasah Education in India: A Need for Reformation.” ATIKAN Cognizance 2, no. 2 (2012). 5. McCully, B. T. (1940). English education and the origins of Indian nationalism (No. 473). Columbia University Press. 6. Ghosh, Suresh Chandra. “Dalhousie, Charles Wood and the Education Despatch of 1854.” History of Education 4, no. 2 (1975): 37-47. 7. Tyler, Ralph W. Basic principles of curriculum and instruction. University of Chicago Press, 2013. 8. Malan, S. P. T. “The’new paradigm’of outcomes-based education in perspective.” Journal of Consumer VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 35

Achievers’ Recognition OUTSTANDING CONTRIBUTIONS ACHIEVERS’ RECOGNITION Appreciating Marked Contributors of iNurture Family 36

RESEARCH INSPIRATION In the 21s t century, research achievements IT are much more than publishing papers and earning doctoral degrees. New age Dr. Rahul Chandra Kushwaha – 1 patent academicians are seen to be more global in Dr S Saravana Kumar – 4 patents their contributions. They aim to innovate and Dr. A. Rengarajan – 3 patents invent new models and concepts that would Brahmdutt Bohra – 3 patents contribute to the modern trends in the selected Sarvesh Kumar – 4 patents field of study and society. Khalid Jamal – 1 patent Shivam Tiwari – 1 patent iNurture faculty members have shown interest Sonia Chhabra – 1 patent and enthusiasm for filing patents. We have Shikha Sharma – 1 patent them published and granted nationally and Arun Kumar K – 1 patent internationally add a remarkable value to the Shahnawaz Ansari – 1 patent research and innovation quality at iNurture, displaying qualities of growth mindset in 21st Animation century higher academic research. Dr. Abhishek K Ryan – 8 patents Below is the glimpse of such patent achievements observed in the year 2020 – the Another aspect that reflects a growth achievements include, Patent Filing, Published mindset in 21st century higher education is and Granted. student/learner-centric teaching-learning processes. With a sudden shift from physical to digital Achievers’ Recognition teaching-learning platforms, our faculty members displayed immense resilience, enthusiasm and a growth mindset. They worked on upskilling and improvising digital teaching methods to ensure iNurture’s dedication towards fostering an environment for effective, impactful and innovative teaching-learning practices. VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 37

Below are some highlights of faculty members taking innovative initiatives in the digital platform to make learning exciting and interactive. Nitin Kamble Namit Chawla IT IT Preparing small Live demonstrations and documentations and implementations of AWS 1 working on building the 2 application by students with faculty guidance same to record the practical scenarios of concepts Ratan Singh Gaharwar 3 Dr G.Saravana Kumar 4 IT and team MLI Live hacking challenge on a specific target Online competitions were conducted for students to showcase their knowledge, skills and talent related to the subject Naman Kawatra 5 Clifford Chetan Ambler MLI Animation 6 Having a virtual court Video demonstrations, session where students recorded, edited and shared represent different type of for students’ for better companies facing challenges practical understanding and of the consumer making reference. complaints on the product Guiding students on projects – photography, Achievers’ Recognition Skyla videography etc that SS and A motivated students to take up entrepreneurial Application of ed tech tool opportunities zumpad.de that provides good outcomes to the learners and 7 fulfils subject/specific learning objectives, can type phonetic syllables in this platform enabling guiding reading skills 38

RESEARCH INSPIRATION Mary Christabel George 8 Avik Das SS and A FS 9 Students preparing videos Application of theories to live of review on the book read charts and analysis. recently and submitting as 1. Drawing trendlines, support assignments & resistance, different formations. 2. Use of Fibonacci ratios in elliott wave principles. 3. Develop trading strategies Dr. Pooja Gupta 10 IT FS MLI Animation Online activities - breakout SS and A sessions, live video FS presentation, simulation exercises, case study presentation, etc. ACHIEVERS’ RECOGNITION Achievers’ Recognition VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 39

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