Ideologies Final Project - Kearyn Hall

Ideologies Around the World By: Kearyn

Collectivism Public Property: property that is owned Collectivism is an ideology that focuses on and managed by the government or state in the collective good of the group rather than the best interest of of the people. each individual fending for themselves. Responsibility: the group is responsible for Instead of the individual relying on themselves collectivism relies on the the actions of each individual, in turn this dependency of others and follows the beliefs allows for the individual to be responsible to of PRINCE the group In collectivism each individual is a puzzle Interests: the common goal for everyone piece that has their own place in the huge Norms: a set of behaviours and values for the puzzle called society. group. These influence the actions of the Collectivism lies on the left side of the group ideological spectrum Cooperation: working together to accomplish a common goal. The individuals put the goal of the group above their own. Economic Equality: sharing of wealth so all individuals are equal.

Communism “Let the ruling classes tremble at a Communistic revolution. The proletarians Formerly known as Marxism, have nothing to lose but their chains. They Communism, is the ideology the believes have a world to win. that all resources and property should be owned and controlled by the state, in the Workingmen of all countries unite!” attempt to make a classless society. A common belief is that everyone should - Karl Marx, The Communist Manifesto be equal, they strive to do this but through the actions they take in order to achieve this causes their citizens to lose their individual values.

Communist Leaders of the Past and Present Fidel Castro, Kim Jong-Un, Leader of Cuba Leader of North Korea In power from 1959-2008 In power 2011-present

Current Day Communism One of the most well known cases of common day communism is North Korea. In theory communism economic policies should allow the economy to thrive however the economic state of North Korea is plummeting. With the ideology being based in collectivism, where everyone is equal, you would assume that the quality of life would be good and everyone would be happy, however, from what we’ve seen of North Korea everyone lives in fear due to the violent ways Kim Jong-Un maintains his power.

Socialism An Economic system based on a high degree of government involvement. Lies on the left side of the ideology spectrum

Utopian Socialism “Society may be formed so as to Robert Owen, exist without crime, without the creator of utopian socialism Utopian Socialism is the ideology poverty, with health greatly powered by the idea of creating the improved, with little, if any “Perfect World” misery, and with intelligence It strives to create equality and prefers and happiness increased a evolution over revolution hundredfold; and no obstacle Robert Owen, the creator of utopian whatsoever intervenes at this socialism, believed that the better you moment except ignorance to treat your workers the more efficient prevent such a state of society and harder they work; which increases from becoming universal.” profit. He provided his workers with - Robert Owen healthcare, schooling, shorter work hours and better working conditions, improving their quality of life and his profits.

Democratic Socialism Opposed to utopian socialism where there is no vote for the socialist society, democratic socialism involves people voting for their society to be socialist. A democratic socialist society still believes in equality for all but sprinkles in the democratic system we know today.

Current Day Democratic Socialism Stefan Löfven Democratic socialism exists in many countries today, but Sweden is one of the more well known examples. The social programs that current day demcratic socialism provides help improve the quality of life for those who live in the country. Although the taxes in socialist countries are higher than most the taxes pay for paid vacation days, affordable child care, free post secondary education and free healthcare. Socialist countries follow Robert Owen’s ideology that if you treat the worker well the harder they will Prime Minister of Sweden work.

Liberalism A ideology that promotes individual liberty, democracy, individual rights and free enterprise.

Modern Liberalism Jacinda Ardern Prime Minister of New Zealand Modern Liberalism was created to address the despairs that laissez-faire capitalism created. Modern liberalism is interested in: creating freedom of opportunity for all individuals, allowing rights and freedoms to favour the individual rather than the collective, and allows for government intervention when necessary to ensure that the vulnerable are cared for. Modern liberalism exists in many countries but New Zealand is one example where it exists today.

Mixed Economy A mixed economy is an economic system that combines aspects of both capitalism and “If parasitism, favoritism, corruption, and socialism. greed for the unearned did not exist, a ‘mixed economy’ would bring them into It protects private property and enterprise but existence.” also allows for the government to intervene - Ayn Rand when necessary. This allows for people to continue following self interest but also protects people from being mistreated through rules and regulations set out by the government. Two examples of a mixed economy are Canada and New Zealand.

Individualism Private property- Property owned by individual An ideology the focuses more on people or businesses. the individuals self interest rather than the collective group. Rule of law- No one is above the law or has more It holds importance on the individuals rights and freedoms. power over another. When looking at the ideology spectrum it falls to the right side. Individual rights and freedoms- All members of society have the same individual rights and freedoms, with limits to those rights and freedoms. Competition- Supply and demand grow the economy. Businesses compete with each other to support the needs of the consumers. Economic freedom- Freedom to buy and sell what you want, including your own labour. Self-interest- People can create, sell, and buy what they want.

Conservatism Conservatism is an ideology that values tradition over change. Individuals who believe in conservatism think that society is better off staying the way that it is rather than changing to boost their economy. The United States of America is a good example of one form of conservatism.

Adam Smith Classical Liberalism Classical liberalism was developed by Adam Smith and is based on the Father of Capitalism belief that individual rights and freedoms should be the foundation of society. Classical liberalism developed as a response to the industrial revolution. Adam Smith believed that as long as supply and demand, prices, and competition were left free of government regulation, the pursuit of self interest would skyrocket the economy due to the business owners invisible hand “The real price of everything, what everything really costs to the man who wants to acquire it, is the toil and trouble of acquiring it.” - Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations

Fascism On the ideology spectrum fascism is the furthest ideology to the right. It uses discipline, racism, and nationalism to keep control of a nation. It is usually used under an authoritarian rule, which means that the person in power believes that they are elite and above everyone else, and that they are to always be listened to, unquestioned.

Current Day Fascism There aren’t any current countries that use fascism politically, however, there have been a few fascist movements in recent years. Some countries with recent fascist movements are Poland and Lebanon.