Simple Machines HOW MECHANISMS MOVE OUR LIVES 2020-2021

How Mechanisms Move Our Lives eTwinning 2020-2021 SIMPLE MACHINES



WHAT IS A MACHINE? A device that allows you to do work in a way that is easier or more effective. A machine can do at least one of these 3 things: 1. Change the amount of force 2. Change the direction of the force 3. Cut down the amount of friction

Pulley Inclined Wedge Plane Screw Wheel & Axle Simple Machines Lever

THE INCLINED PLANE ➢An inclined plane is a flat, slanted surface ➢It allows you to exert your force over a longer distance

INCLINED PLANE ➢Inclined planes make it easier to get things up higher or down lower ➢You can roll or slide things on a ramp

TYPES OF INCLINED PLANES ➢Ramps ➢Stairs ➢Roads ➢The steeper the slant…the more work it takes to go up the inclined plane

THE WEDGE A wedge is a device that is thick at one end and tapers to a thin edge at the other end In a wedge, instead of an object moving along the inclined plane, the inclined plane itself moves.

WEDGE USES A wedge is used for cutting, splitting, or prying things apart. Zippers use wedges to push 2 sides together.

TYPES OF WEDGES  Axe  Zipper  Chisel  Razor Blade  Adirweecdtigoen coafntchheafnogreceth. e  npWeryeh,deenndo.tyoaus umseucah wfoerdcgee itso

THE SCREW A screw can be thought of as an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder. A screw changes the direction of the force, meaning as you turn it, it goes up or down.

THE SCREW  A screw is really an inclined plane. The ridges around it are like a road up a mountain.  The ridges on a screw are called threads.

TYPES OF SCREWS Jar lid Water faucet Car jack  Bolts

THE LEVER A lever is a rigid bar that is free to pivot or rotate around a fixed point. The fixed point that the lever pivots around is called the fulcrum.

3 TYPES OF LEVERS 1st Class Lever - the pivot (fulcrum) is between the effort and the load. Item Number of Class 1 Levers Used see-saw hammer’ a single class 1 lever s claws scissors a single class 1 lever pliers 2 class 1 levers 2 class 1 levers

3 TYPES OF LEVERS 2nd Class Lever - the load is between the pivot (fulcrum) and the effort. Item Number of Class 2 bottle opener Levers Used a single class 2 lever wheelbarrow a single class 2 lever nail clippers Two class 2 levers nut cracker Two class 2 levers

3 TYPES OF LEVERS 3rd Class Lever - the effort is between the pivot (fulcrum) and the load. Item Number of Class 3 Levers Used fishing rod a single class 3 lever tweezers Two class 3 levers tongs Two class 3 levers

EXAMPLES OF LEVERS  Seesaw  Crowbar  Chopsticks A lever increases the effect of your input force and changes the direction of your input force.

THE WHEEL AND AXLE A wheel and axle is a modification of a pulley. A wheel is fixed to a shaft. The wheel and shaft must move together to be a simple machine. Sometimes the wheel has a crank or handle on it.

THE WHEEL AND AXLE  The wheel and axle, moves objects across distances.  The wheel, the round end, turns the axle, the cylindrical post, causing movement.

THE PULLEY  Instead of an axle, the wheel could also rotate a rope or cord.  This variation of the wheel and axle is the pulley.  In a pulley, a cord wraps around a wheel. As the wheel rotates, the cord moves in either direction.