Tài liệu hướng dẫn Giáo dục phòng tránh đuối nước HS

["1.2.2. Xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00ean b\u1edd an to\u00e0n \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u1ed3i t\u1eeb m\u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1eb7t hai tay v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nhau tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3, xoay \u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 v\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea7m ch\u1eadm. N\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed5 nh\u01b0ng ch\u00e2n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y th\u00ec l\u00ean b\u1edd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh hai ch\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ea9y th\u1eb3ng hai tay v\u00e0 xoay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00f4ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3. 2. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc (bu\u1ed5i t\u1eadp 01 \u0111\u1ebfn 05) L\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i. C\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb em t\u1ef1 tin, y\u00eau th\u00edch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng sau n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y tr\u1ebb \u201cl\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d, tuy nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng sau \u0111\u00e2y gi\u00fap c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c em chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u0129nh sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n xu\u1ed1ng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u00e2ng d\u1ea7n c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 b\u1eafp. 2.1. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp di chuy\u1ec3n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 Ng\u1ed3i th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn khi d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c em l\u00e0m quen d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc (nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi). B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 Tay b\u00e1m th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 \u0111i quanh h\u1ed3 l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c em b\u00e1m tay v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u01b0\u1ee3t d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1edbt lo s\u1ee3 khi \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc (nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh b\u00ean). 51","B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 N\u1eafm tay nhau \u0111i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc N\u1eafm tay nhau th\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ngang ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n \u0111i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc: di chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfn l\u00f9i, sang ph\u1ea3i, sang tr\u00e1i. \u0110i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh hai tay xoa n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t tay qu\u1ea1t nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng. Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i: X\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u00e0ng ngang v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 1 \u2013 2, n\u1eafm tay nhau, s\u1ed1 1 n\u1eb1m \u00fap ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1 2 k\u00e9o \u0111i, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n: Di chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111i v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n (nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi). B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 4 \u0110i l\u1ea1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi phao C\u00e1c em \u0111i l\u1ea1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi hai phao v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t phao, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n phao (nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi). B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 5 Ti\u1ebfn, l\u00f9i, nh\u00e0o v\u00e0o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngang ng\u1ef1c, n\u00e2ng d\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc cao ngang vai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em (nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh b\u00ean). 52","B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 6 T\u1ea1o h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc Cho c\u00e1c em rung tay l\u00e0m tung to\u00e9 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c m\u00fac n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed5 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c em th\u1ea5y th\u00edch th\u00fa, y\u00eau th\u00edch v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 7 Nh\u1ea3y l\u00ean nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng tay v\u1eabn gi\u1eef tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 (c\u1ea7m phao) D\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n ch\u00ecm ph\u1ea7n vai, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin khi \u0111i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. 2.2. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1edf c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2013 M\u0007 \u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch: gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc sinh bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch th\u1edf c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c n\u1ed5i, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1edbt s\u1ee3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u2013 Y\u0007 \u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n: C\u00e1ch th\u1edf c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 t\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Khi b\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1edf ra b\u1eb1ng m\u0169i ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng mi\u1ec7ng nh\u01b0ng h\u00edt v\u00e0o th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng mi\u1ec7ng. Khi h\u00edt v\u00e0o th\u00ec mi\u1ec7ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ng\u1ea9ng \u0111\u1ea7u, nghi\u00eang \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n. \u2013 C\u0007 \u00e1ch th\u1edf khi b\u01a1i: H\u00edt v\u00e0o \u2013 nh\u1ecbn th\u1edf \u2013 th\u1edf ra \u2013 h\u00edt. Khi \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n th\u00ec c\u00e1ch th\u1edf b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u00edt v\u00e0o \u2013 th\u1edf ra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0ng khi b\u01a1i th\u00ec c\u00f3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1ecbn th\u1edf. Th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ecbn th\u1edf nhanh hay ch\u1eadm ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u01a1i. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1edd r\u1eeda m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng tay C\u00e1c em ch\u1ee5m b\u00e0n tay l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 r\u1eeda m\u1eb7t trong b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng ca n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ed1ng (nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi). B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 \u00dap m\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1edf ra bong b\u00f3ng \u00dap m\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ed5i ra bong b\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng, v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi th\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u00dap m\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u00edn th\u1edf 5 \u2013 10 gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi em s\u1ee3 n\u01b0\u1edbc (nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh b\u00ean). 53","B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 Ng\u1ee5p xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc (nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi) H\u1ee5p xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ed5i bong b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf m\u1eaft. H\u1ee5p xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, nhanh d\u1ea7n. H\u1ee5p xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ed5i bong b\u00f3ng 5 \u2013 10 gi\u00e2y. Thi xem b\u1ea1n n\u00e0o ng\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y h\u1ed3 th\u1ed5i bong b\u00f3ng l\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 4 Th\u1edf ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch th\u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc (t\u1eeb bu\u1ed5i th\u1ee9 03) Th\u1edf ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. V\u1eeba di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eeba th\u1edf ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch th\u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u01b0u \u00fd: \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1ecb l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean cho c\u00e1c em t\u1eadp th\u1edf k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u1ea5m l\u00ean v\u00e0 bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdc th\u00eam sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, n\u00e2ng d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 tin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c em. 3. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i, \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc (trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch: N\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y cho tr\u1ebb em k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p, n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em t\u1ef1 tin d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp kh\u00e1c; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi khi b\u1ecb r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p, n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1i v\u00e0o b\u1edd ho\u1eb7c c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u01a1i th\u1edf v\u00e0 k\u00eau c\u1ee9u, ch\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. 3.1. K\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 T\u1eadp n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c em tay b\u00e1m th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c t\u1eadp \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f4ng th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1eb1m s\u1ea5p. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c phao,\u2026 (nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi). 54","B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 Th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a T\u1eeb t\u1eeb th\u1ea3 tay ra kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 n\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1eb1m s\u1ea5p. Th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p 05 gi\u00e2y c\u00f3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean (phao). \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p t\u01b0 th\u1ebf h\u00ecnh ng\u00f4i sao. \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p t\u01b0 th\u1ebf h\u00ecnh c\u00e2y b\u00fat ch\u00ec. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 L\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p Hai tay, hai ch\u00e2n du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh thoi nh\u1ecdn, h\u00edt s\u00e2u, h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n l\u01b0\u1edbt s\u1ea5p ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, khi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed5i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1edf ra ch\u1eadm. L\u00fac l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc, tay ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi phao \u1edf l\u01b0ng v\u00e0 phao \u1edf tay. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 phao. Thi xem ai n\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xa nh\u1ea5t. 55","L\u01b0u \u00fd: Khi l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn cho c\u00e1c em c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean (ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i, n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y tay xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi. Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y cho t\u1edbi khi h\u1ecdc sinh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. 3.2. K\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 B\u00e0i t\u1eadp n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f4ng B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u1ed3i, hai tay \u0111\u1ec3 sau h\u00f4ng, h\u00edt th\u1edf s\u00e2u. H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng (c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng cho n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00e0n l\u00ean m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea9y n\u01b0\u1edbc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc v\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed5i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u1ea3 ra sau cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi vai v\u00e0 ph\u00eda sau \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea9y h\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn l\u00ean tr\u1eddi. Gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a phao \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c em th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 N\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda v\u1edbi phao h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0007 B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda v\u1edbi phao h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00e1c nhau 56","B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 4 B\u00e0i t\u1eadp n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda khi t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng l\u00ean, c\u1ed5 gi\u1eef th\u1eb3ng, nh\u00ecn l\u00ean tr\u1eddi, b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 h\u00f4ng n\u00e2ng l\u00ean, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi t\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh ng\u00f4i sao, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi hai tay \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ecdc theo th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi hai tay c\u1ea7m phao, ti\u1ebfp theo sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 01 phao. C\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a phao khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 5 L\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 6 Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a Th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a l\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u1eeb th\u1ea3 tay ra kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 n\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1eb1m ng\u1eeda. Th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda 05 gi\u00e2y c\u00f3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean (phao). \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda t\u01b0 th\u1ebf h\u00ecnh ng\u00f4i sao. \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda t\u01b0 th\u1ebf h\u00ecnh c\u00e2y b\u00fat ch\u00ec. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 7 \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1eeda B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi hai tay b\u00e1m th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3, co hai ch\u00e2n l\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3. Ng\u1eeda ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u00e2ng h\u00f4ng sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1edbt ra, hai tay th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ecdc theo th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, hai ch\u00e2n kh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng. L\u00fac m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eadp l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf th\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean cho c\u00e1c em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f3 phao \u1edf b\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hai tay c\u1ea7m phao. L\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n ng\u1eeda: B\u1ee5ng c\u0103ng, ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1eb3ng m\u00e0 cong gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khi \u0111\u1ea1p xe \u0111\u1ea1p th\u00ec c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c: Cho c\u00e1c em ng\u1ed3i l\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 t\u1eadp l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n, khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n, b\u1ee5ng ng\u1eeda, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng n\u00f3i c\u00e1c em h\u01a1i ng\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u ra sau ho\u1eb7c cho c\u00e1c em mang phao v\u00e0o b\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. 3.3. K\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n khi b\u01a1i \u1edf n\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap b\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng, c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc khi g\u1eb7p tai n\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 tay chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc. 57","B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c em n\u00ean t\u1eadp \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea1n, qu\u1ea1t tay t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc ra sau, gi\u1eef c\u1ed5 tay khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc xung quanh c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, khi tay th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 \u0110\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n b\u01a1i \u1ebfch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ng\u1ed3i l\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf. T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vai. T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng phao tay ho\u1eb7c phao d\u00e0i. T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u (l\u01b0u \u00fd cho h\u1ecdc sinh luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp s\u00e1t th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf r\u1ee7i ro). B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 \u0110\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n c\u1eaft k\u00e9o ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i s\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y t\u1eadp t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u v\u00e0 tay b\u00e1m v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1 ch\u00e2n c\u1eaft k\u00e9o khi hai tay b\u00e1m th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3. Ch\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1 l\u00ean, \u0111\u00e1 xu\u1ed1ng nhanh, gi\u1eef m\u0169i ch\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng. Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea3 tay, \u0111\u00e1 ch\u00e2n c\u1eaft k\u00e9o v\u00e0 2 tay qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang phao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 4 \u0110\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3u ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1p xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0110\u1ea7u nh\u00f4 kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, tai trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn l\u00ean tr\u1eddi, hai tay b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh h\u00f4ng v\u1ea9y nh\u1eb9, \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1p xe \u0111\u1ea1p. 4. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1eadp l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eb7n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f4ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 G\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111i d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc Gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm tay c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb n\u1ebfu tr\u1ebb \u0111ang lo l\u1eafng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea3 l\u1ecfng. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 H\u1ecdc l\u1eb7n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea7u h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng, c\u1eb1m ch\u1ea1m ng\u1ef1c, m\u1edf m\u1eaft trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1nh tay \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1i, hai tay qu\u1ea1t sang hai b\u00ean c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, ch\u00e2n du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1p l\u00ean \u2013 xu\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecbp nh\u00e0ng. Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u201c\u0110i t\u00ecm kho b\u00e1u\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f4ng, t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u khi c\u00e1c em bi\u1ebft b\u01a1i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i n\u01b0\u1edbc. 5. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp di chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong n\u01b0\u1edbc (trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i) B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 Chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u1eeb n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p sang n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda T\u1eeb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p, k\u00e9o\/ v\u00f2ng tay sang ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadt ng\u1eeda ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1edf m\u1ea1nh qua m\u0169i, ng\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u, n\u00e2ng c\u1eb1m l\u00ean cao. 58","B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 Chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u1eeb n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda sang n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p T\u1eeb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda, h\u00edt m\u1ed9t h\u01a1i th\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh, k\u00e9o\/ v\u00f2ng tay qua ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n xoay v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p, m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y b\u1ec3 v\u00e0 th\u1edf ra t\u1eeb t\u1eeb. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 T\u1eeb t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean Co \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i v\u00e0o ng\u1ef1c, cho ch\u00e2n xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi k\u00e9o (qu\u1ea1t) tay trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda sau, ng\u1ea9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 4 T\u1eeb t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean T\u1eeb t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u2192 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ea7u, co hai \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i xu\u1ed1ng, qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng hai b\u00e0n tay v\u00e0 quay ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00e2n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1y b\u1ec3. 6. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp b\u01a1i ng\u1eeda sinh t\u1ed3n (gi\u00e1o \u00e1n 12 \u2013 13 \u2013 14) M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i: Th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eb1m ng\u1eeda, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn l\u00ean tr\u1eddi, tai ch\u00ecm m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u01a1i, gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 n\u1eb1m h\u01a1i d\u1ed1c xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u cho \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2n sao cho khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng nh\u00f4 ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong l\u00fac b\u01a1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xoay theo tr\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc 60 \u0111\u1ed9, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1i ch\u1ec7ch, nghi\u00eang ng\u1ea3 sang 2 b\u00ean. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng b\u01a1i \u1ebfch, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 co \u0111\u1ea1p th\u1eb3ng ch\u00e2n. B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ho\u1eb7c \u00f4m phao tr\u00ean ng\u1ef1c, sau \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a phao. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay \u0110\u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, hai tay c\u00f9ng l\u00fac qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9o d\u1ecdc c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e1ch, t\u00e1ch hai c\u00e1nh tay du\u1ed7i ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay xu\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh hai tay v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ch\u00e2n. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, hai tay qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u1eeda t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1edbi phao, ti\u1ebfp theo hai tay qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u1eeda t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a phao. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1p hai ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea1t hai tay t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u1eeda B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 4 Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c Ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 hai c\u00e1nh tay di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac. Khi g\u1eadp ch\u00e2n th\u00ec k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p k\u00e9o tay. Khi \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n th\u00ec k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea9y tay xu\u1ed1ng ch\u00e2n. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1eeda, khi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i th\u00ec th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chu k\u00ec ti\u1ebfp theo (ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfm t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp). 59","7. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp k\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u khi b\u1ecb r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p, n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda v\u00e0 l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi k\u0129 n\u0103ng l\u1eb7n n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1eadp t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u khi b\u1ecb r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb tr\u00ean b\u1edd. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 T\u1eadp xoay t\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb n\u1ed5i s\u1ea5p tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay \u0111ang h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai phao \u0111eo 2 b\u00ean c\u00e1nh tay. Tr\u1ebb em \u1ea5n phao xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng l\u00ean. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 Mang phao t\u1eadp t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd b\u1ecb r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Mang phao l\u01b0ng v\u00e0 phao tay, \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u1eebng em t\u1eadp t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd b\u1ecb r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, di chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o b\u1edd. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd b\u1ecb r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd b\u1ecb r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, di chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o b\u1edd (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a phao). Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd b\u1ecb r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, di chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o b\u1edd (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a phao v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y). IV C\u00c1C B\u00c0I T\u1eacP GI\u1ea2NG D\u1ea0Y B\u01a0I KI\u1ec2U \u1ebeCH B\u01a1i \u1ebfch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c b\u01a1i ki\u1ec3u \u1ebfch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 sau: 1. D\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ch\u00e2n (gi\u00e1o \u00e1n 02 \u0111\u1ebfn 07) 1.1. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 T\u1eadp k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n b\u01a1i \u1ebfch theo 4 nh\u1ecbp T\u01b0 th\u1ebf chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb: Ng\u1ed3i hai tay ch\u1ed1ng sau, hai ch\u00e2n kh\u00e9p s\u00e1t du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda sau. C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n: Nh\u1ecbp 1: N\u00e2ng ch\u00e2n du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng Nh\u1ecbp 2: Thu, b\u1ebb ch\u00e2n Nh\u1ecbp 3: \u0110\u1ea1p, kh\u00e9p ch\u00e2n Nh\u1ecbp 4: Du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng, h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng\t 60","B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 T\u1eadp k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n b\u01a1i \u1ebfch theo 2 nh\u1ecbp C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n: Nh\u1ecbp 1: Thu, b\u1ebb ch\u00e2n Nh\u1ecbp 2: \u0110\u1ea1p, kh\u00e9p ch\u00e2n Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u: H\u1ecdc sinh n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n b\u01a1i \u1ebfch. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 N\u1eb1m s\u1ea5p tr\u00ean b\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n \u1ebfch N\u1eb1m s\u1ea5p tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c b\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n \u1ebfch. 1.2. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 Ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3, t\u1eadp k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch Theo 2 nh\u1ecbp h\u00f4 (Nh\u1ecbp 1: Thu, b\u1ebb ch\u00e2n; Nh\u1ecbp 2: \u0110\u1ea1p, kh\u00e9p ch\u00e2n). Theo 1 nh\u1ecbp h\u00f4 (\u0110\u1ebfm 1 nh\u1ecbp h\u00f4 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c).\t B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 N\u1eb1m s\u1ea5p tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3, t\u1eadp k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch Theo 2 nh\u1ecbp h\u00f4 (Nh\u1ecbp 1: Thu, b\u1ebb ch\u00e2n; Nh\u1ecbp 2: \u0110\u1ea1p, kh\u00e9p ch\u00e2n). Theo 1 nh\u1ecbp h\u00f4 (\u0110\u1ebfm 1 nh\u1ecbp h\u00f4 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n). B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 \u0110\u1ee9ng b\u00e1m 2 tay v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1p t\u1eebng ch\u00e2n b\u01a1i \u1ebfch \u0110\u1ee9ng ch\u1ed1ng 2 tay v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o vai b\u1ea1n t\u1eadp), th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1p m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1: Thu ch\u00e2n, b\u1ebb b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ea1p, kh\u00e9p v\u00e0 du\u1ed7i b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n, d\u1eebng l\u01b0\u1edbt. Ch\u00fa \u00fd khi \u0111\u1ea1p n\u01b0\u1edbc du\u1ed7i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb kh\u1edbp h\u00f4ng, kh\u1edbp g\u1ed1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 kh\u1edbp c\u1ed5 ch\u00e2n. M\u1ed7i b\u00ean 3 x 15 l\u1ea7n. 61","B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 4 N\u1eb1m s\u1ea5p b\u00e1m 2 tay v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n b\u01a1i \u1ebfch Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 n\u00e2ng b\u1ee5ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1m 2 tay v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n. Theo 2 nh\u1ecbp h\u00f4 (Nh\u1ecbp 1: Thu, b\u1ebb ch\u00e2n; Nh\u1ecbp 2: \u0110\u1ea1p, kh\u00e9p ch\u00e2n). Theo 1 nh\u1ecbp h\u00f4 (\u0110\u1ebfm 1 nh\u1ecbp h\u00f4 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n).\t B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 5 N\u1eb1m s\u1ea5p b\u00e1m 2 tay v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n b\u01a1i \u1ebfch Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1m 2 tay v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 6 Tay b\u00e1m phao, \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n b\u01a1i \u1ebfch ngang b\u1ec3 (10 \u2013 15m) Tay c\u1ea7m phao, \u0111\u1ea1p l\u01b0\u1edbt sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n \u1ebfch ngang b\u1ec3 (c\u1ef1 li ng\u1eafn 10 \u2013 15m). Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u01a1i ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1edbt nhi\u1ec1u.\t B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 7 \u0110\u1ec3 tay tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n b\u01a1i \u1ebfch ngang b\u1ec3 (10 \u2013 15m) Hai tay kh\u00e9p s\u00e1t, du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u, b\u01a1i ri\u00eang ch\u00e2n.\t B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 8 C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p d\u1ea1y c\u00e1ch th\u1edf trong b\u01a1i \u1ebfch khi b\u01a1i ri\u00eang ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0i; b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1edf khi b\u01a1i ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0 sau: Cho h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 t\u1eadp th\u1edf c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch: C\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngang tr\u00e1n \u2013 nh\u1ecbn th\u1edf, th\u1edf ra nhanh m\u1ea1nh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u (\u0111\u01b0a c\u1eb1m ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc) v\u00e0 h\u00e1 mi\u1ec7ng h\u00edt v\u00e0o. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh 2 nh\u1ecbp, t\u01b0 th\u1ebf chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecbn th\u1edf hai tay kh\u00e9p s\u00e1t ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc: Nh\u1ecbp 1 \u2013 t\u00e1ch tay t\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1edf ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ng\u1ea9ng \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e1 mi\u1ec7ng h\u00edt v\u00e0o; nh\u1ecbp 2 kh\u00e9p ch\u1ee5m tay nh\u1ecbn th\u1edf c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 10 \u2013 15 l\u1ea7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. 62","L\u01b0u \u00fd: Khi d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n b\u01a1i \u1ebfch c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u co, b\u1ebb ch\u00e2n ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1p, kh\u00e9p nhanh. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh li\u00ean ho\u00e0n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c, tr\u00e1nh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eebng \u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n co, b\u1ebb, \u0111\u1ea1p kh\u00e9p, d\u1eebng. Sau khi \u0111\u1ea1p kh\u00e9p, ch\u00e2n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u1ef1 li c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao xa sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n (m\u1ed9t chu k\u00ec b\u01a1i). 2. D\u1ea1y k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay (bu\u1ed5i t\u1eadp 6 \u2013 7 \u2013 8) 2.1. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 T\u1eadp k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay b\u01a1i \u1ebfch theo 4 nh\u1ecbp T\u01b0 th\u1ebf chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb: Hai ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng vai, g\u1eadp th\u00e2n tr\u00ean, hai tay kh\u00e9p s\u00e1t du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1nh tay \u00fap, \u00e1p s\u00e1t tai. C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n: Nh\u1ecbp 1: Qu\u1ea1t tay. Nh\u1ecbp 2: Thu tay. Nh\u1ecbp 3: Du\u1ed7i tay. Nh\u1ecbp 4: Gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean.\t Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u: H\u1ecdc sinh n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay b\u01a1i \u1ebfch. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 T\u1eadp k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay b\u01a1i \u1ebfch theo 1 nh\u1ecbp \u0110\u1ebfm 1 nh\u1ecbp h\u00f4 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay. 2.2. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 N\u1eb1m s\u1ea5p tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3 t\u1eadp qu\u1ea1t tay b\u01a1i \u1ebfch H\u1ecdc sinh n\u1eb1m s\u1ea5p tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u1ec3, tay \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o trong b\u1ec3 t\u1eadp qu\u1ea1t tay. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 B\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u00fai, m\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngang vai, t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 qu\u1ea1t tay ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch \u0110\u1ee9ng c\u00fai ng\u01b0\u1eddi, 2 ch\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng vai (ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n sau), 2 tay kh\u00e9p s\u00e1t, du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng, l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay \u00fap, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay b\u01a1i \u1ebfch theo 4 nh\u1ecbp. Sau \u0111\u00f3 theo 1 nh\u1ecbp.\t 63","B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 \u0110i b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea1t tay ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch \u0110i b\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00fai th\u1ea5p, 2 tay th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea1t tay b\u01a1i \u1ebfch 15 \u2013 20m, l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i 2 \u2013 3 l\u1ea7n. Ch\u00fa \u00fd di chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1edd hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea1t tay, ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbc theo ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 4 B\u01a1i ri\u00eang tay ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch, ch\u00e2n k\u1eb9p phao B\u01a1i ri\u00eang tay, ch\u00e2n k\u1eb9p phao ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e9p s\u00e1t du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng, c\u1ef1 li 20 \u2013 25m, l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i 4 \u2013 6 l\u1ea7n. 3. D\u1ea1y k\u0129 thu\u1eadt th\u1edf v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p tay v\u1edbi th\u1edf (bu\u1ed5i t\u1eadp 8 \u2013 9 \u2013 10) 3.1. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 B\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1edf c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch \u0110\u1ee9ng 2 ch\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng vai, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00fai, 2 tay ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ed1i. Nh\u1ecbp 1: Th\u1edf ra, ng\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00edt v\u00e0o. Nh\u1ecbp 2: C\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u1ecbn th\u1edf. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 T\u1eadp k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1edf b\u01a1i \u1ebfch theo 4 nh\u1ecbp T\u01b0 th\u1ebf chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb: Hai ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng vai, g\u1eadp th\u00e2n tr\u00ean, hai tay kh\u00e9p s\u00e1t du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1nh tay \u00e1p s\u00e1t tai. C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n: Nh\u1ecbp 1: Th\u1edf ra h\u1ebft c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi qu\u1ea1t tay \u0111\u1ebfn ngang vai, ng\u1ea9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean h\u00edt v\u00e0o. Nh\u1ecbp 2: Kh\u00e9p tay, c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecbn th\u1edf. Nh\u1ecbp 3: Du\u1ed7i tay, nh\u1ecbn th\u1edf. Nh\u1ecbp 4: Th\u1eb3ng tay l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb th\u1edf ra.\t Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u: H\u1ecdc sinh n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u1ecbp k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1edf b\u01a1i \u1ebfch. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 T\u1eadp k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1edf b\u01a1i \u1ebfch theo 1 nh\u1ecbp \u0110\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecbp h\u00f4 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1edf b\u01a1i \u1ebfch. 3.2. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 T\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ed1ng tay v\u00e0o g\u1ed1i t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c th\u1edf b\u01a1i \u1ebfch \u0110\u1ee9ng 2 ch\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng vai g\u1eadp th\u00e2n v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, 2 tay ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00fai m\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngang tr\u00e1n. Th\u1edf ra t\u1eeb t\u1eeb, ng\u1ea9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean, khi mi\u1ec7ng l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1edf ra h\u1ebft h\u00e1 mi\u1ec7ng h\u00edt v\u00e0o. H\u00edt v\u00e0o xong, c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecbn th\u1edf. 64","B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 T\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 qu\u1ea1t tay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1edf theo 4 nh\u1ecbp \u0110\u1ee9ng 2 ch\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng vai g\u1eadp th\u00e2n v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00fai \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngang tr\u00e1n, qu\u1ea1t tay theo 4 nh\u1ecbp ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1edf: Nh\u1ecbp 1: Th\u1edf ra h\u1ebft c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi qu\u1ea1t tay \u0111\u1ebfn ngang vai, ng\u1ea9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean h\u00edt v\u00e0o. Nh\u1ecbp 2: Kh\u00e9p tay, c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ecbn th\u1edf. Nh\u1ecbp 3: Du\u1ed7i tay, nh\u1ecbn th\u1edf. Nh\u1ecbp 4: T\u1eeb t\u1eeb th\u1edf ra tay th\u1eb3ng l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 3 \u0110i b\u1ed9, qu\u1ea1t tay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1edf \u0110i b\u1ed9 g\u1eadp th\u00e2n v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00fai \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngang tr\u00e1n, qu\u1ea1t tay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1edf. L\u01b0u \u00fd: Khi d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1edf b\u01a1i \u1ebfch: B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i th\u00ec t\u1eadp qu\u1ea1t tay nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng b\u00e0n tay l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh, sau \u0111\u00f3 qu\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 c\u1eb3ng tay v\u00e0 b\u00e0n tay. \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecdc sinh n\u1eafm v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc cao khu\u1ef7u v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f2n qu\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 \u201cc\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c\u201d c\u1ee7a tay v\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p tay ch\u00e2n. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, khi t\u1eadp ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay v\u1edbi th\u1edf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc n\u00ean h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch th\u1edf s\u1edbm. C\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh th\u1edf ra khi ng\u1ea9ng \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng th\u1eddi c\u01a1 h\u00edt v\u00e0o. 4. D\u1ea1y k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p tay v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n (bu\u1ed5i t\u1eadp 9 \u2013 10 \u2013 11) 4.1. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 T\u1eadp k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p tay v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean ng\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng theo 4 nh\u1ecbp T\u01b0 th\u1ebf chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb: Hai ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng, r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n vai, hai tay kh\u00e9p s\u00e1t du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng, l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1nh tay \u00e1p s\u00e1t tai, m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng. C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n: Nh\u1ecbp 1: Qu\u1ea1t tay \u2212 ch\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng. Nh\u1ecbp 2: Thu tay \u2212 thu ch\u00e2n. Nh\u1ecbp 3: Du\u1ed7i tay \u2212 \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n. Nh\u1ecbp 4: Gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean (l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc). Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u: H\u1ecdc sinh n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u1ecbp ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p tay v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 T\u1eadp k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p tay v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean ng\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng theo 1 nh\u1ecbp T\u01b0 th\u1ebf chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb: Gi\u1ed1ng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp theo 4 nh\u1ecbp. C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n: \u0110\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecbp th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n. 4.2. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 B\u01a1i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p tay v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n 1 chu k\u00ec \u0110\u1ea1p l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u01a1i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p tay ch\u00e2n 1 chu k\u00ec. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 B\u01a1i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p tay v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n 15m B\u01a1i ch\u1eadm l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n c\u1ef1 li 15m, 25m. 65","5. D\u1ea1y k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh b\u01a1i \u1ebfch (bu\u1ed5i t\u1eadp 10 \u2013 11 \u2013 12) 5.1. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 T\u1eadp k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh b\u01a1i \u1ebfch \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean ng\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng theo 4 nh\u1ecbp T\u01b0 th\u1ebf chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb: Hai ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng, r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n vai, hai tay kh\u00e9p s\u00e1t du\u1ed7i th\u1eb3ng, l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1nh tay \u00e1p s\u00e1t tai, m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng. C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n: Nh\u1ecbp 1: Qu\u1ea1t tay, ng\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u, th\u1edf ra \u2013 ch\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng. Nh\u1ecbp 2: Thu tay, c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u1ecbn th\u1edf \u2013 thu ch\u00e2n. Nh\u1ecbp 3: Du\u1ed7i tay \u2013 \u0111\u1ea1p ch\u00e2n. Nh\u1ecbp 4: Gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean (l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc).\t Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u: H\u1ecdc sinh n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u1ecbp ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i \u1ebfch. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 T\u1eadp k\u0129 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh b\u01a1i \u1ebfch \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean ng\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng theo 1 nh\u1ecbp T\u01b0 th\u1ebf chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb: Gi\u1ed1ng b\u00e0i t\u1eadp theo 4 nh\u1ecbp. C\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n: \u0110\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecbp th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh b\u01a1i \u1ebfch. 5.2. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 1 B\u01a1i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh 1 chu k\u00ec \u0110\u1ea1p l\u01b0\u1edbt n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u01a1i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p 1 chu k\u00ec, 3 \u2013 4 l\u1ea7n. B\u00e0i t\u1eadp 2 B\u01a1i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh 15m B\u01a1i ch\u1eadm l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n c\u1ef1 li 15m, 25m. L\u01b0u \u00fd: Khi d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh b\u01a1i \u1ebfch: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p hai l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u00e2n th\u00ec th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c tay v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n th\u1edf \u2013 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p 2 \u2013 1 \u2013 1, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eadp ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p 1 \u2013 1 \u2013 1. Khi \u0111\u00e3 b\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 15m m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u1ef1 li b\u01a1i. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 kh\u00e2u th\u1edf, r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t, \u00fd ch\u00ed ngoan c\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c. 66","Chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 6 PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P C\u1ee8U \u0110U\u1ed0I AN TO\u00c0N V\u00c0 S\u01a0 C\u1ea4P C\u1ee8U BAN \u0110\u1ea6U I C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i C\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i c\u00f3 2 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. \u2013 \u0007C\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 (phao, d\u00e2y, g\u1eady, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc,\u2026) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111ang t\u1ec9nh. Tu\u1ef3 theo t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n c\u1ee9u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. \u2013 C\u0007 \u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. C\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, tu\u1ef3 theo m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng v\u1ee5 \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp khi ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. Tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp d\u00f9 trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o do th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1ebd g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh tr\u1ebb. Gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean l\u01b0u \u00fd kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho tr\u1ebb. II C\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i 1. K\u0129 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u C\u1ea7n nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng sau: \u2013 K\u00eau c\u1ee9u th\u1eadt to (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3), n\u1eafm 1 b\u00e0n tay v\u00e0 gi\u01a1 l\u00ean.\t \u2013 B\u00ecnh t\u0129nh n\u00edn th\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1eb7c, \u0111\u1ee3i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea9y n\u1ed5i l\u00ean. \u2013 T\u0007 h\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c k\u00eau c\u1ee9u. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai, c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt b\u01a1i t\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o b\u1edd. Tu\u1ef3 theo kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i t\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u hay b\u01a1i \u1ebfch, b\u01a1i s\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u. 67","2. C\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i khi th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc 2.1. K\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u01b0\u0301u \u0111u\u1ed1i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf g\u1ea7n b\u1edd Tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee9u ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0a tay ra cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u1ea1n n\u1eafm tay m\u00ecnh (v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p n\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng hay m\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh, ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd n\u1eafm ch\u1eb7t tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 l\u00f4i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc). T\u00ecm c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 la\u0300 ma\u0309nh va\u0309i, qu\u00e2\u0300n a\u0301o n\u00f4\u0301i ch\u00fang v\u01a1\u0301i nhau, ca\u0302y g\u1ea1\u0302y, c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y, ma\u0301i che\u0300o, c\u00e2\u0300n ca\u0302u, khu\u0301c g\u00f4\u0303 ho\u1ea1\u0306c b\u00e2\u0301t k\u1ec3 v\u1ea1\u0302t gi\u0300 \u01a1\u0309 g\u00e2\u0300n ma\u0300 ba\u0323n co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng \u0111\u00ea\u0309 v\u01a1\u0301i t\u01a1\u0301i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh minh h\u1ecda th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng g\u1eady, s\u00e0o Tri\u0300nh t\u01b0\u0323 gia\u0309i c\u01b0\u0301u: \u2013 No\u0301i chuy\u1eb9\u0302n, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00ea\u0309 tr\u00e2\u0301n an ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n bi\u0300nh ti\u0303nh. \u2013 C\u0007 ho\u0323n v\u1ea1\u0302t tr\u01a1\u0323 giu\u0301p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, n\u0103\u0300m xu\u00f4\u0301ng cho t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u00f4i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u00e9o ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u1ea1n. \u2013 \u0110u\u031ba v\u1ea1\u0302t tr\u01a1\u0323 giu\u0301p ra va\u0300 hu\u031b\u01a1\u0301ng d\u00e2\u0303n ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n b\u0103\u0301t l\u00e2\u0301y. \u2013 K\u0007 e\u0301o ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n sang m\u1ecd\u0302t be\u0302n, gi\u01b0\u0303 cho \u0111\u00e2\u0300u cu\u0309a ho\u0323 n\u00f4\u0309i tre\u0302n m\u1ea1\u0306t nu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c. N\u00ea\u0301u ho\u0323 c\u00f4\u0301 g\u0103\u0301ng b\u0103\u0301t l\u00e2\u0301y ba\u0323n, HA\u0303Y THA\u0309 TAY RA, an toa\u0300n cu\u0309a ba\u0323n la\u0300 tre\u0302n h\u00ea\u0301t. \u2013 Giu\u0301p ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n le\u0302n b\u01a1\u0300. \u2013 \u0007Ti\u00ea\u0301n ha\u0300nh cha\u0306m so\u0301c ngay sau \u0111o\u0301 b\u0103\u0300ng ca\u0301ch \u0111a\u0301nh gia\u0301 ti\u0300nh hi\u0300nh pha\u0309n \u01b0\u0301ng cu\u0309a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u1ea1n, xoa di\u0323u, tr\u00e2\u0301n an va\u0300 ba\u0309o v\u1eb9\u0302 ho\u0323 kho\u0309i ca\u0301c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 x\u1ea5u kha\u0301c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. 2.2. K\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf xa b\u1edd Tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1i ra \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea7n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i: v\u00f2ng phao c\u1ee9u sinh, qu\u1ea3 b\u00f3ng, can nh\u1ef1a ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 v\u1eadt g\u00ec n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o, l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o b\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd l\u00ean b\u1edd ngay, c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o b\u1edd th\u00ec t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch qu\u0103ng d\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o b\u1edd. 68","2.2.1. N\u00e9m v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i Tri\u0300nh t\u01b0\u0323 gia\u0309i c\u01b0\u0301u: \u2013 \u0007No\u0301i chuy\u1eb9\u0302n, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00ea\u0309 tr\u00e2\u0301n an ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n bi\u0300nh ti\u0303nh. \u2013 Cho\u0323n du\u0323ng cu\u0323 c\u01b0\u0301u h\u1ecd\u0302. \u2013 Hu\u031b\u01a1\u0301ng d\u00e2\u0303n ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n. \u2013 \u0007\u0110u\u031ba v\u1ea1\u0302t c\u01b0\u0301u h\u1ecd\u0302 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n ngay tru\u031b\u01a1\u0301c m\u1ea1\u0306t ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n \u0111\u00ea\u0309 ho\u0323 co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 b\u0103\u0301t l\u00e2\u0301y. \u2013 K\u0007 huy\u00ea\u0301n khi\u0301ch ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n b\u0103\u0301t v\u1ea1\u0302t c\u01b0\u0301u h\u1ecd\u0302 va\u0300 \u0111\u1ea1\u0302p cha\u0302n bo\u031bi \u0111\u00ea\u0301n no\u031bi an toa\u0300n. \u2013 N\u0007 \u00ea\u0301u ho\u0323 kho\u0302ng la\u0300m \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c, c\u00e2\u0300n th\u01b0\u0323c hi\u1eb9\u0302n ca\u0301c ki\u00ea\u0309u c\u01b0\u0301u h\u1ecd\u0302 kha\u0301c nhu\u031b ne\u0301m da\u0302y th\u01b0\u0300ng ho\u1ea1\u0306c ti\u0300m v\u1ea1\u0302t \u0111\u00ea\u0309 v\u01a1\u0301i t\u01a1\u0301i ch\u00f4\u0303 ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n. \u2013 Giu\u0301p ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n le\u0302n b\u01a1\u0300. \u2013 Ti\u00ea\u0301n ha\u0300nh cha\u0306m so\u0301c ngay sau \u0111o\u0301. N\u00e9m v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i 2.2.2. Qu\u0103ng d\u00e2y Khi qu\u0103ng d\u00e2y, kho\u0302ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u0301ng ngay tre\u0302n ri\u0300a m\u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc khi ne\u0301m da\u0302y \u0111\u00ea\u0309 tra\u0301nh bi\u0323 ke\u0301o xu\u00f4\u0301ng nu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c. Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ke\u0301o n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o b\u01a1\u0300, hu\u031b\u01a1\u0301ng d\u00e2\u0303n ho\u0323 gi\u01b0\u0303 cho \u0111\u00e2\u0300u n\u00f4\u0309i tre\u0302n m\u1ea1\u0306t nu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c, k\u00e9o v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111u\u031ba ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n \u0111\u00ea\u0301n no\u031bi an toa\u0300n. Khi cu\u1ecd\u0302n da\u0302y ph\u1ea3i b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y \u0111\u00fang k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00ea\u0309 da\u0302y kh\u00f4ng bi\u0323 r\u00f4\u0301i khi n\u00e9m ra. Cu\u1ecd\u0302n da\u0302y gi\u01b0\u0303a ngo\u0301n ca\u0301i va\u0300 ngo\u0301n tro\u0309 khi cu\u1ecd\u0302n, \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u na\u0300y giu\u0301p cu\u1ecd\u0302n tro\u0300n t\u01b0\u0300ng vo\u0300ng da\u0302y thay vi\u0300 ta\u0323o tha\u0300nh hi\u0300nh s\u00f4\u0301 ta\u0301m. \u0110\u1ea1\u0306t m\u00f4\u0303i vo\u0300ng sa\u0301t vo\u0300ng cu\u00f4\u0301i cu\u0300ng va\u0300 xoay ph\u00e2\u0300n c\u00f4\u0309 tay ne\u0301m \u0111\u00ea\u0309 ca\u0301c cu\u1ecd\u0302n da\u0302y ta\u0301ch ra khi chu\u0301ng \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c ne\u0301m. Tri\u0300nh t\u01b0\u0323 gia\u0309i c\u01b0\u0301u: \u2013 No\u0301i chuy\u1eb9\u0302n, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00ea\u0309 tr\u1ea5n an ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n bi\u0300nh ti\u0303nh. \u2013 Ne\u0301m du\u0323ng cu\u0323 tr\u01a1\u0323 n\u00f4\u0309i n\u00ea\u0301u co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309. \u2013 Hu\u031b\u01a1\u0301ng d\u00e2\u0303n ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n trong khi \u0111ang cu\u1ecd\u0302n da\u0302y th\u01b0\u0300ng. \u2013 Khuy\u00ea\u0301n khi\u0301ch ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n b\u0103\u0301t l\u00e2\u0301y da\u0302y khi chu\u0301ng \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c ne\u0301m xu\u00f4\u0301ng. \u2013 Ke\u0301o ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n \u0111\u00ea\u0301n no\u031bi an toa\u0300n. \u2013 Giu\u0301p ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 na\u0323n le\u0302n b\u01a1\u0300. \u2013 Ti\u00ea\u0301n ha\u0300nh cha\u0306m so\u0301c ngay sau \u0111o\u0301. 69","III C\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp an to\u00e0n C\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f3, nguy hi\u1ec3m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi g\u1eb7p t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u, v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc xo\u00e1y, v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh n\u1ebfu li\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m cho t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. 1. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c k\u0129 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u1edf t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng v\u1ee5 \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nguy hi\u1ec3m. V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh th\u00ec tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y nguy hi\u1ec3m, kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. 2. C\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p an to\u00e0n cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9, c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1eeb 17 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 b\u01a1i, c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Khi th\u1ea5y tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf ng\u00e3 trong c\u00e1c chum, lu, v\u1ea1i, x\u00f4, ch\u1eadu \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc,\u2026 Khi th\u1ea5y tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf b\u1ecb r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng b\u1edd ao, b\u1edd m\u01b0\u01a1ng, gi\u1ebfng, k\u00eanh, r\u1ea1ch,\u2026 m\u00e0 \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u00e1m, v\u00edu \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u00ean b\u1edd,\u2026 n\u1ebfu \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0a tay ra n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean b\u1edd. Khi th\u1ea5y tr\u1ebb em, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f4ng, m\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 \u1edf ngang ng\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 ao trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh, ho\u1eb7c ao, h\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ea7n nh\u00e0), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ed9i ra \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00fam, b\u1eaft k\u00e9o ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean b\u1edd. 3. C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nguy hi\u1ec3m Tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u00fd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u1edf nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc xa b\u1edd, b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nguy hi\u1ec3m. Trong m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. IV Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u ban \u0111\u1ea7u C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb tai n\u1ea1n \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c tai n\u1ea1n, th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch kh\u00e1c \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1edf, ng\u1eebng tim, ng\u1eebng m\u1ea1ch, tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong 70","kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u, n\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u1ea1n. Vi\u1ec7c s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f3, tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng th\u00ec gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, h\u1ecdc sinh trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u ban \u0111\u1ea7u khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u1eed tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c em h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi nhau, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 g\u1eb7p tai n\u1ea1n. Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh, c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00fd th\u1ea7y, c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. 1. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u 1.1. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u2212 C\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. \u2212 Ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng x\u1ea5u \u0111i. \u2212 Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c. 1.2. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u \u2212 Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u1ea1n. \u2212 Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng hay t\u00e0n t\u1eadt v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. \u2212 Th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u. 1.3. Khi ta l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec? \u2212 S\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. \u2212 G\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap. \u2212 G\u1ecdi c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u 115. 2. Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ng\u01b0ng tim, ng\u01b0ng th\u1edf \u2212 M\u0007 \u1ea5t \u00fd th\u1ee9c: xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau kho\u1ea3ng 10 gi\u00e2y sau khi ng\u01b0ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n, gi\u00e3n c\u01a1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0m cho n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ng\u00e3 v\u1eadt xu\u1ed1ng. \u2212 Ng\u01b0ng th\u1edf xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sau khi ng\u01b0ng tim kho\u1ea3ng 20 \u2013 60 gi\u00e2y. \u2212 M\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ch c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch b\u1eb9n. \u2212 \u0007\u0110\u1ed3ng t\u1eed hai b\u00ean gi\u00e3n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ph\u00fat sau khi ng\u01b0ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n. \u2212 M\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfng tim. 71","3. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u Sau khi l\u00e0m cho hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ra kh\u1ecfi n\u01a1i nguy hi\u1ec3m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ed3i s\u1ee9c theo 3 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 CAB, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0: C \u2013 Circulation: Tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n (\u00e9p tim ngo\u00e0i l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c \u2212 \u00e9p tim 30 l\u1ea7n). A \u2013 \u0007Air ways: Khai th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf, ki\u1ec3m tra h\u01a1i th\u1edf (tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e1c, s\u1ed1c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean vai ch\u1ea1y). B \u2013 Breathing: H\u00f4 h\u1ea5p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (th\u1ed5i 2 h\u01a1i). 4. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong k\u0129 thu\u1eadt CPR CPR l\u00e0 k\u0129 thu\u00e2t c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p bao g\u1ed3m: \u0111au tim, \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eadt, \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc,\u2026 (trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y tim \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1eadp). Sau 40 n\u0103m CPR th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ABCD, ng\u00e0y 18\/10\/2010 Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Tim m\u1ea1ch Hoa K\u1ef3 (American Heart Association) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn m\u1edbi cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u CPR v\u1edbi \u00e9p tim ngo\u00e0i l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u1ea3. \u0110\u1eebng s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng. N\u00ean nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u1ecdc sinh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean: \u2013 B\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp. \u2013 K\u0007 huy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch n\u00e2ng cao k\u0129 n\u0103ng b\u01a1i an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, bi\u1ebft gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh: \u2013 B\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00ed khi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp. \u2013 \u0007Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecdc sinh n\u00e2ng cao k\u0129 n\u0103ng b\u01a1i an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, k\u0129 thu\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh \u1edf v\u00f9ng s\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. M\u1ed7i h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean (c\u00f3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, trao \u0111\u1ed5i, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n th\u00eam trong nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 trong l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc. 72","Ph\u1ea7n 3 C\u00d4NG T\u00c1C QU\u1ea2N L\u00cd, T\u1ed4 CH\u1ee8C TH\u1ef0C HI\u1ec6N Chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 7 C\u00d4NG T\u00c1C GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C PH\u00d2NG TR\u00c1NH \u0110U\u1ed0I N\u01af\u1edaC CHO H\u1eccC SINH C\u1ee6A C\u01a0 S\u1ede GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C I Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc 1. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc Theo T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, trong th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 v\u1eeba qua, \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i sinh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n 2,5 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong \u1edf tr\u1ebb em t\u1eeb 5 \u2013 14 tu\u1ed5i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00f3 h\u01a1n 90% c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf tr\u1ebb em t\u1eeb 6 \u0111\u1ebfn 15 tu\u1ed5i. Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u2013 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh v\u00e0 X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2015 \u2013 2020, trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i n\u0103m \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 2 000 tr\u1ebb em t\u1eed vong do \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3m (t\u1ec9 su\u1ea5t t\u1eed vong gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 12,7\/ 100 000 tr\u1ebb n\u0103m 2010 xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 8,5\/ 100 000 tr\u1ebb n\u0103m 2015, 8,1\/100 000 n\u0103m 2016, 7,7\/ 100 000 n\u0103m 2017, 7,1\/ 100 000 tr\u1ebb n\u0103m 2018 v\u00e0 n\u0103m 2019 l\u00e0 6,8\/ 100 000 tr\u1ebb) nh\u01b0ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u0111u\u00f4\u0301i n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c tr\u1ebb em \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn cao h\u01a1n ca\u0301c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 va\u0300 cao g\u00e2\u0301p 8 l\u00e2\u0300n so v\u1edbi ca\u0301c n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c c\u00f3 thu nh\u00e2\u0323p cao. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u do c\u00e1c em r\u1ee7 nhau \u0111i b\u01a1i, \u0111i t\u1eafm, \u0111i ch\u01a1i g\u1ea7n khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf. \u0110u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea3y ra nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng th\u00f4n qu\u00ea, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ao, h\u1ed3, s\u00f4ng su\u1ed1i, m\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1ng, n\u01a1i v\u1eafng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua l\u1ea1i, b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n, khu du l\u1ecbch,\u2026 \u0110u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft b\u01a1i v\u00e0 \u1edf c\u1ea3 tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh bi\u1ebft b\u01a1i, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u01a1i gi\u1ecfi. 2. Thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh 2.1. Thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u2013 T\u0007 rong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1ea1y ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n b\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh khoa h\u1ecdc, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft tr\u1ebb em l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 6 \u0111\u1ebfn 11 tu\u1ed5i. 73","\u2013 C\u0007 \u00e1c c\u1ea5p, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh, gia \u0111\u00ecnh, nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh. C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng theo s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o chung t\u1eeb Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. 2.2. Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf 2.2.1. Thi\u1ebfu b\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2017, trong to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng g\u1ea7n 1 020 b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3ng 27 360 c\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i \u1edf c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf nhu c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c trung t\u00e2m, th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n, th\u1ecb x\u00e3, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, c\u00f2n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n th\u00ec h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3. 2.2.2. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. \u2013 C\u0007 \u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n ch\u01b0a th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, n\u1ed9i dung, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u01b0a s\u00e1t v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u01b0a phong ph\u00fa. \u2013 \u0110\u0007\u0007 \u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ki\u00eam nhi\u1ec7m, c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. \u2013 \u0007Ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01b0a b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. 2.2.3. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ebb em c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. \u2013 C\u0007 h\u01b0a ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, gia \u0111\u00ecnh, nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf tr\u1ebb em. \u2013 \u0007Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho tr\u1ebb em \u1edf c\u01a1 s\u1edf, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i c\u00f2n h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. \u2013 C\u0007 \u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eb7ng v\u1ec1 l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa gia \u0111\u00ecnh, nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. II Vai tr\u00f2, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh 1. Vai tr\u00f2 Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf 02 nh\u00f3m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau: 74","\u2013 T\u0007 uy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, trang b\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i trong nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u2013 P\u0007 h\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc sinh trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, b\u00e0n giao tr\u1ebb v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbp h\u00e8, k\u00ec ngh\u1ec9, nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1ea1y \u2013 h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh. 2. Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m 2.1. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c cho h\u1ecdc sinh \u2013 \u0007Nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c cho h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng, tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4ng qua nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. \u2013 N\u0007 \u1ed9i dung truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, d\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ed9i dung ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 cu\u1ed1n h\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc sinh y\u00eau th\u00edch. \u2013 V\u0007 i\u1ec7c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n nh\u1eb1m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, h\u00e0nh vi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. 2.2. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, trang b\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh \u2013 C\u0007 \u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ed9i dung ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1eb1m trang b\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc sinh hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u nh\u1ea5t. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecdc sinh s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u00f3i quen t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng. \u2013 N\u0007 h\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trang b\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c cho h\u1ecdc sinh. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c linh ho\u1ea1t, l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p trong c\u00e1c gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m, Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb. 2.3. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y k\u0129 n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh \u2013 \u0007C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i cho h\u1ecdc sinh trong c\u00e1c gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc, m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ngo\u00e0i gi\u1edd l\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, an to\u00e0n. \u2013 C\u0007 \u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i cho h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i \u1edf c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. 2.4. K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 cho con \u0111i h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i \u2013 \u0007Nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 cho con em m\u00ecnh tham gia c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i, h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i t\u1ea1i ao, h\u1ed3, s\u00f4ng, bi\u1ec3n th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i. \u2013 \u0007Nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh bi\u1ebft b\u01a1i, bi\u1ebft k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh. 75","2\u0007 .5. Nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh trong c\u00e1c d\u1ecbp ngh\u1ec9 l\u1ec5, T\u1ebft, ngh\u1ec9 h\u00e8 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdc H\u1ecdc sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00e2m l\u00ed x\u1ea3 h\u01a1i sau khi tan tr\u01b0\u1eddng, khi ngh\u1ec9 d\u00e0i ng\u00e0y n\u00ean d\u1ec5 r\u1ee7 nhau \u0111i t\u1eafm, ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00f9a \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c tho\u00e1ng m\u00e1t, g\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi vui, d\u1ec5 qu\u00ean m\u1ea5t c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Do v\u1eady, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean khi d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebft cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, gia \u0111\u00ecnh, \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1edbp t\u1eadp b\u01a1i cho h\u1ecdc sinh trong d\u1ecbp ngh\u1ec9 h\u00e8. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p r\u00e8n k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i an to\u00e0n, ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho h\u1ecdc sinh trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf, v\u00f9ng s\u00ecnh l\u1ea7y. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 to\u00e0n d\u00e2n tham gia ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. III Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf h\u1ecdc sinh 1. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 1.1. Nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec \u2013 T\u0007 uy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u2013 D\u1ea1y l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u01a1i an to\u00e0n, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc (t\u1eadp tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n). L\u1edbp h\u1ecdc ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c S\u1edf GD & \u0110T \u0110\u1eafk L\u1eafk 76","L\u1edbp h\u1ecdc ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c S\u1edf GD & \u0110T B\u1eafc Giang L\u1edbp h\u1ecdc ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c S\u1edf GD & \u0110T \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p \u2013 G\u0007 i\u00e1m s\u00e1t, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh trong khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i do nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. \u2013 \u0007Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng qua gi\u1edd l\u00ean l\u1edbp, c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 tham gia c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n, ngo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1. 77","1.2. Nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u2013 D\u1ea1y th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh b\u01a1i d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf trong ho\u1eb7c ngo\u00e0i nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. L\u1edbp h\u1ecdc ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed9c S\u1edf GD & \u0110T \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p L\u1edbp d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c S\u1edf GD & \u0110T B\u1eafc Ninh L\u1edbp d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c S\u1edf GD & \u0110T \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng 78","\u2013 \u0007T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh do nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. \u2013 \u0007Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf h\u1ecdc sinh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n, ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. 1.3. Nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u2013 Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh. \u2013 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i cho h\u1ecdc sinh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u00e0o d\u1ecbp ngh\u1ec9 h\u00e8. \u2013 B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf \u1edf c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u2013 Huy \u0111\u1ed9ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i. \u2013 K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp b\u01a1i cho h\u1ecdc sinh. 2. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u00072.1. Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, h\u1ecdc sinh, cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf h\u1ecdc sinh 2.1.1. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 1 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf h\u1ecdc sinh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n sau: \u2013 M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. \u2013 N\u1ed9i dung ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u2013 K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n. \u2013 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n (ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p). \u2013 Ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o (c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, kinh ph\u00ed). \u2013 Th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. 2.1.2. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 2 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n cho h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n cho cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh vai tr\u00f2, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf 03 nh\u00f3m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau: \u2013 H\u0007 \u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c: H\u1ecdc b\u01a1i, h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng sinh t\u1ed3n; r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n; t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. \u2013 R\u0007 \u00e8n luy\u1ec7n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t: Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i s\u1ebd r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, ki\u00ean tr\u00ec, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi l\u1ea1, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc; r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 tin, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft khi tham gia ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi g\u1eb7p t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng nguy hi\u1ec3m; r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 l\u1eabn nhau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i c\u00f9ng nhau, c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i;\u2026 79","\u2013 \u0007\u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u00e0 nh\u1eadp c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng: Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i an to\u00e0n, h\u1ecdc k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0 nh\u1eadp cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1ef1 tin b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft b\u01a1i, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng l\u00e0m phi\u1ec1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed g\u00e2y h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ngh\u1ec1 th\u00ec h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. 2.1.3. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 3 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf h\u1ecdc sinh (ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng phong tr\u00e0o\/ tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m\/ di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n\/ trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia\/ thi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u\/ v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7\/ c\u1eafm tr\u1ea1i\/ ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i\/ ra qu\u00e2n\/ h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng Ng\u00e0y Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc 25\/7,\u2026). 2.1.4. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 4 Trao \u0111\u1ed5i trong bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh (k\u00e8m theo t\u1edd r\u01a1i tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n\/ cam k\u1ebft th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p) v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh. 2\u0007 .2. Huy \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh 2.2.1. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 1 X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng: \u2013 \u0007C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i an to\u00e0n, ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t. \u2013 M\u0007 \u1ed7i c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh. 2.2.2. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 2 Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc: \u2013 \u0007\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho h\u1ecdc sinh trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u2013 \u0110\u0007 \u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n, ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. 2.2.3. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 3 Ph\u00e1t huy vai tr\u00f2 n\u00eau g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trong ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc: 80","\u2013 C\u00e1n b\u1ed9, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i, r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n b\u01a1i n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 b\u01a1i an to\u00e0n. \u2013 \u0007T\u1ef1 n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh tai n\u1ea1n \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u ban \u0111\u1ea7u. 2.2.4. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 4 Ki\u1ec3m tra, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean khen th\u01b0\u1edfng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng: \u2013 \u0007Ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n, ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf h\u1ecdc sinh. \u2013 T\u0007 \u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9nh, nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean, khen th\u01b0\u1edfng k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u00072.3. Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh 2.3.1. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 1 Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i, bi\u1ebft b\u01a1i v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh: \u2013 T\u0007 rao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i, bi\u1ebft b\u01a1i v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc (c\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u). \u2013 \u0007X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i an to\u00e0n, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh. \u2013 \u0007T\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh y\u1ebfu th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c. 2.3.2. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 2 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1ea1y k\u0129 n\u0103ng b\u01a1i, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh: \u2013 T\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u2013 T\u0007 \u1ea1i b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i ngo\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, an to\u00e0n cho h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n b\u01a1i. \u2013 \u0007T\u1ea1i ao, h\u1ed3, k\u00eanh, s\u00f4ng, bi\u1ec3n: Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, tu\u1ef3 theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n b\u01a1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh. 2.3.3. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 3 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t h\u1ecdc sinh: \u2013 Trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng do nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. \u2013 Nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf, d\u1eb7n d\u00f2 h\u1ecdc sinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc bu\u1ed5i ngh\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc, k\u00ec ngh\u1ec9 ng\u1eafn, ngh\u1ec9 h\u00e8. 81","\u2013 G\u0007 ia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t h\u1ecdc sinh khi: t\u1eafm, b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c tham gia vui ch\u01a1i, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ea7n n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. 2.3.4. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 4 K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng tin th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh: \u2013 \u0007X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh th\u00f4ng qua trao \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng tin \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. \u2013 N\u0007 h\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i an to\u00e0n, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u2013 \u0007Ph\u00e1t huy vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh tham gia trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh do nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. \u2013 \u0007X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u00eanh th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1eefa gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecdc sinh khi tham gia giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ea7n khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf, khi c\u00f3 m\u01b0a l\u0169,\u2026 Gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m l\u1edbp th\u00f4ng tin v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i ngh\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed9t xu\u1ea5t \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. 2\u0007.4. Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh 2.4.1. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 1 Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y, Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea5p x\u00e3, ph\u01b0\u1eddng: \u2013 \u0007Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh, tr\u1ebb em v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh. \u2013 K\u0007 i\u1ec3m tra, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang thi c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n. \u2013 \u0007R\u00e0 so\u00e1t c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u2013 X\u0007 \u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7, trong m\u00f9a l\u0169 l\u1ee5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb \u1edf l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i m\u1ea7m non, h\u1ecdc sinh ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng trong sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y t\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u2013 C\u0007 \u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e1 h\u00e0nh lang ph\u00e1p l\u00ed t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng: Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m m\u1ed7i khi x\u1ea3y ra v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i x\u1eed l\u00ed ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. \u2013 C\u0007 h\u1ee7 tr\u00ec x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gia \u0111\u00ecnh, nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng 82","tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m vi qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed. \u2013 C\u0007 h\u1ee7 tr\u00ec x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft v\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. \u2013 \u0007Huy \u0111\u1ed9ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n, t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u1edf c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u2013 \u0007X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e8 cho h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: + T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c L\u1ec5 b\u00e0n giao h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 sinh ho\u1ea1t, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, gia \u0111\u00ecnh. + \u0007Nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eed c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean tham gia c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng do \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecdc sinh, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh. Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t tham gia c\u00e1c l\u1edbp d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i t\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c \u1edf b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i trong nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3). + \u0007Nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e8 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh trong khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng theo s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft ch\u1ebf v\u0103n ho\u00e1 nh\u01b0 s\u00e2n b\u00e3i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u00f2ng, th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3),\u2026). + \u0007T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e8 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n n\u00f3i chung c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. 2.4.2. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 2 Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110o\u00e0n, \u0110\u1ed9i c\u1ea5p x\u00e3\/ huy\u1ec7n\/ t\u1ec9nh (tu\u1ef3 theo c\u1ea5p h\u1ecdc, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3): \u2013 \u0007Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a thanh ni\u00ean, thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean, nhi \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh. \u2013 \u0007Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i cho tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c d\u1ecbp h\u00e8. \u2013 \u0110\u0007 \u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho h\u1ecdc sinh trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, vui ch\u01a1i do c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110o\u00e0n, \u0110\u1ed9i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. \u2013 R\u0007 \u00e0 so\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t, ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n, ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf (h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, l\u00e0m bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh thanh ni\u00ean, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u00e1o phao, phao,\u2026). 2.4.3. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 3 Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c: \u2013 H\u0007 \u1ed9i Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, H\u1ed9i C\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh, H\u1ed9i Khuy\u1ebfn h\u1ecdc: tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u2013 C\u0007 h\u1ee7 b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i, b\u00e3i t\u1eafm bi\u1ec3n: Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i, vui ch\u01a1i, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. 83","\u2013 \u0007C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh h\u1ecdc sinh b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u2013 Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n. \u2013 K\u0007 \u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, th\u1ec3 thao tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n: + Trao \u0111\u1ed5i chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5, giao l\u01b0u h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi. + P\u0007 h\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i trong h\u1ecdc sinh, cha m\u1eb9 h\u1ecdc sinh, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. +\u0007P\u0007 h\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i cho h\u1ecdc sinh (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean, hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i cho h\u1ecdc sinh, tr\u1ebb em). + T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n. + K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t (b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i,\u2026). L\u01b0u \u00fd: C\u1ea7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, gia \u0111\u00ecnh, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh, khi tham gia giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7, b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i, vui ch\u01a1i, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng l\u0169 l\u1ee5t. 2.5. Kh\u01a1i d\u1eady t\u00ednh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh trong ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc 2.5.1. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 1 Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh: \u2013 Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc sinh h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i. \u2013 H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i. \u2013 T\u0007 rao \u0111\u1ed5i kinh nghi\u1ec7m, r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp (tr\u00ean b\u1edd) khi g\u1eb7p t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u2013 \u0007Trong m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp: ph\u00e1t huy vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 l\u1edbp, t\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc sinh, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0110o\u00e0n, \u0110\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t nhau trong ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i, th\u1eddi gian ngh\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed9t xu\u1ea5t. L\u01b0u \u00fd: N\u00ean th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 theo l\u1edbp ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e1t v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u tham gia c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u1ec9 01 c\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. 2.5.2. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 2 Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u1ed5\/ nh\u00f3m\/ \u0111\u1ed9i xung k\u00edch, t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cao nh\u01b0: ao, h\u1ed3, s\u00f4ng, su\u1ed1i, b\u00e3i t\u1eafm; khi tham gia giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7; tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 trong khi c\u00f3 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t,\u2026 (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh thanh ni\u00ean t\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n trong ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cao). 84","2.5.3. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 3 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i to\u00e0n d\u00e2n tham gia b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n, ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0o d\u1ecbp \u201cNg\u00e0y Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00f3ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc 25\/7\u201d h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m (do h\u1ecdc sinh ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, gia \u0111\u00ecnh). 2.5.4. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 4 Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1ed5\/ nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f9ng th\u00f4n b\u1ea3n, c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t nhau trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. 3. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 k\u0129 n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc 3.1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gi\u00e1o \u00e1n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: \u2013 M\u0007 \u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc: \u0110\u01b0a ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdc. \u2013 Th\u1eddi gian gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. \u2013 \u0007C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng (bao g\u1ed3m d\u1ea1y l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh). 3.2. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng (m\u1eabu tham kh\u1ea3o) B\u00e0i 1: \u0110u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. (40 ph\u00fat) B\u00e0i 2: \u0007Nguy c\u01a1 \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf\/ h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3? (30 ph\u00fat) B\u00e0i 3: An to\u00e0n khi b\u01a1i \u1edf bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u00f4ng, h\u1ed3 (30 ph\u00fat) B\u00e0i 4: An to\u00e0n khi b\u01a1i trong h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i (20 ph\u00fat) B\u00e0i 5: An to\u00e0n giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7 \u2013 Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7c \u00e1o phao (30 ph\u00fat) B\u00e0i 6: Gi\u1eef an to\u00e0n, ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u00f9a m\u01b0a l\u0169 (30 ph\u00fat) B\u00e0i 7: \u0007Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n khi c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u2013 Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh k\u0129 n\u0103ng qu\u0103ng d\u00e2y (60 ph\u00fat) Tu\u1ef3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 m\u1ed7i n\u01a1i, gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c t\u00ean b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o \u00e1n gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian\/ t\u1eadp trung h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng li\u00ean quan cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0: h\u1ecdc sinh sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng s\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n; ho\u1eb7c sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng hay x\u1ea3y ra thi\u00ean tai, b\u00e3o l\u0169 th\u00ec b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n trong m\u00f9a l\u0169 l\u1ee5t l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft h\u01a1n,\u2026 85","IV T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng: 1. Hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng 2. Gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean m\u00f4n Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, th\u1ec3 thao tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc 3. T\u1ed5ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ed9i\/ B\u00ed th\u01b0 \u0110o\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1eddng 4. Gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m 5. Gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n 6. Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho h\u1ecdc sinh. 86","Kho t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh Nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, tri\u1ec3n khai hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c video, phim ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh, b\u00e0i h\u00e1t, c\u00e1c \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n. 1. Video h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc 1.1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c 1.2. K\u0129 n\u0103ng sinh 1.3. K\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111u\u1ed1i t\u1ed3n trong m\u00f4i x\u1eed l\u00ed t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi g\u1eb7p n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc sinh. tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc. ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. 1.4. K\u0129 na\u0306ng so\u031b c\u01b0\u0301u, c\u00e2\u0301p c\u01b0\u0301u ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i bi\u0323 1.5. K\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng x\u1eed tai na\u0323n \u0111u\u00f4\u0301i nu\u031b\u01a1\u0301c da\u0300nh cho tre\u0309 em. l\u00ed t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi g\u1eb7p d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y xa b\u1edd. 2. Phim ho\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc 2\u0007 .1. T\u1eadp phim v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c em nh\u1ecf r\u1ee7 nhau \u0111i ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00e1 b\u00f3ng g\u1ea7n khu v\u1ef1c v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf, kh\u00f4ng may b\u00f3ng b\u1ecb r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, khi t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y b\u00f3ng, kh\u00f4ng may m\u1ed9t b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb ng\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00e1c em s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c khi vui ch\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c khu n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u, nguy hi\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng may c\u00f3 b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u00fd nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee9u. C\u00e1c em s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n khi ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u b\u1ea1n. 87","2.2. T\u1eadp phim v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c em nh\u1ecf r\u1ee7 nhau xem c\u00e1 trong chum n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng may b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o chum n\u01b0\u1edbc Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu \u1edf xung quanh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u. C\u00e1c em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cha m\u1eb9 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ngay t\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc trong nh\u00e0. 2.3. T\u1eadp phim v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i du l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 t\u1eafm bi\u1ec3n Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n khi \u0111i bi\u1ec3n, t\u1eafm bi\u1ec3n, nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc an to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eafm, v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eafm. Khi mu\u1ed1n t\u1eafm bi\u1ec3n, ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn \u0111i c\u00f9ng, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t. \u00072.4. T\u1eadp phim v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c em nh\u1ecf tham gia giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7 Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n khi tham gia giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7; c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1eb7c \u00e1o phao \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, an to\u00e0n, vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh an to\u00e0n khi tham gia giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ef7. C\u0169ng trong t\u1eadp phim n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea1n nh\u1ecf t\u1ef1 \u00fd thi nhau nh\u1ea3y c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c em c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m, g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o c\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia c\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. 2.5. T\u1eadp phim v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ed1 ga b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng n\u1eafp Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, trang b\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 nguy c\u01a1 \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ngay tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 khi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a to. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u khi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u1ed1 ga, c\u1ed1ng tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, m\u1ea5t n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady. Khi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a to b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp, c\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft, r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tai n\u1ea1n \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c em nh\u1ecf v\u00ec t\u00ednh t\u00f2 m\u00f2, nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. 88","2.6. T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb chu\u1ed9t r\u00fat khi b\u01a1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed tr\u00ed Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, trang b\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n khi \u0111i b\u01a1i, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb chu\u1ed9t r\u00fat v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00ed t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khi b\u1ecb chu\u1ed9t r\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. 2.7. T\u1eadp phim v\u1ec1 trang b\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng cho h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1eeb h\u1ecdc sinh. Qua c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u00e1c em k\u1ec3, th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c em kh\u00e1c trong l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. 2.8. T\u1eadp phim v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung khi c\u00e1c em nh\u1ecf g\u1eb7p t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1n m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00ed an to\u00e0n Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, video s\u1ebd trang b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c em ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u0129 n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n khi g\u1eb7p t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi c\u00e1c em g\u1eb7p b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch h\u00f4 ho\u00e1n t\u00ecm s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u00ecm c\u00e1c v\u1eadt trung gian nh\u01b0 phao, g\u1eady, s\u00e0o,... \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch c\u1ee9u b\u1ea1n an to\u00e0n. Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u b\u1ea1n tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 do kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n. 3. Ca kh\u00fac tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00073.1. Ca kh\u00fac: M\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng \u0111i b\u01a1i b\u00e9 \u01a1i, 3\u0007 .2. Ca kh\u00fac: I like to swim, s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c: Ho\u00e0ng B\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c: Ho\u00e0ng B\u00e1ch 4. C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc cho tr\u1ebb em, h\u1ecdc sinh 89","C\u00c2U H\u1eceI TH\u01af\u1edcNG G\u1eb6P V\u1ec0 PH\u00d2NG TR\u00c1NH \u0110U\u1ed0I N\u01af\u1edaC \u1ede TR\u1eba EM, H\u1eccC SINH (Gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn nh\u00f3m cho h\u1ecdc sinh ho\u1eb7c tham kh\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nh\u1eefng th\u1eafc m\u1eafc th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p) C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 1 Trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t \u00edt. Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng? V\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n che ch\u1eafn c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng? Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u0110u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng suy gi\u1ea3m h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p do ch\u00ecm ho\u1eb7c ng\u00e2m trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi 3 tu\u1ed5i. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ed7ng khi kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea7m v\u1edbi c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady c\u00f3 kho\u00e1 \u1edf tr\u00ean gi\u1ebfng). \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 lu\u00f4n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf khi c\u00e1c con \u1edf xung quanh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea3y ra r\u1ea5t nhanh v\u00e0 \u00e2m th\u1ea7m. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 2 Tr\u1ebb em n\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec khi l\u1ee5t, m\u01b0a gi\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1? Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: N\u1ebfu tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1, tr\u1ebb g\u1eb7p l\u1ee5t ho\u1eb7c m\u01b0a gi\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c em n\u00ean quay l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecm ch\u1ed7 tr\u00fa an to\u00e0n g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi cha m\u1eb9 t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3n. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 3 Khi \u0111i b\u01a1i, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t y\u00ean t\u0129nh, r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n b\u1edd. V\u1eady \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c an to\u00e0n? Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc y\u00ean t\u0129nh \u0111\u1ec1u an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1i. S\u1ebd lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1ea1nh, nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt s\u1eafc nh\u1ecdn \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n, ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n khi b\u01a1i, tr\u1ebb em lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn, c\u1ea7n m\u1eb7c \u00e1o phao \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang k\u00edch c\u1ee1. N\u1ebfu \u1edf bi\u1ec3n hay h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i th\u00ec c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 4 Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft b\u01a1i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 b\u01a1i \u1ebfch, b\u01a1i s\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc vui ch\u01a1i? Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: Ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft b\u01a1i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ki\u1ec3u b\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an to\u00e0n khi b\u01a1i hay gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda khi m\u1ec7t, b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c g\u1eb7p b\u1ea5t k\u00ec kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ef1c k\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 sinh t\u1ed3n. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1eefa l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c an to\u00e0n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1i, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u01a1i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n (nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb chu\u1ed9t r\u00fat,...) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng b\u01a1i \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n (b\u01a1i v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc xo\u00e1y, th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft x\u1ea5u,...). 90","C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 5 N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a em l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft b\u01a1i r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi, em ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft b\u01a1i, v\u1eady em c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n y\u00ean t\u00e2m \u0111i b\u01a1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng? Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: C\u00e1c em c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn khi \u0111i b\u01a1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c (v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em khi g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u1ef1a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o b\u1ea1n m\u00ecnh trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u1ea5y c\u00f3 b\u01a1i gi\u1ecfi. V\u00ec m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u01a1i r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c khi g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 6 Em hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u01a1i \u1edf bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a em \u1edf g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 em v\u1eabn h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y ra bi\u1ec3n ch\u01a1i. V\u1eady em n\u00ean khuy\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: N\u01a1i an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01a1i l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u00e3i t\u1eafm n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9. V\u1eady, em n\u00ean khuy\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u sau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n khi b\u01a1i: \u2013 Lu\u00f4n m\u1eb7c \u00e1o phao \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang k\u00edch c\u1ee1. \u2013 \u0007Lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn \u0111i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh (c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3i tay) khi b\u01a1i. Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111i b\u01a1i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh. \u2013 C\u0007 h\u1ec9 b\u01a1i \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c an to\u00e0n: n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1eb3ng l\u1eb7ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y xa b\u1edd v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u01a1i khi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft t\u1ed1t. \u2013 N\u0007 h\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u00fang ta b\u01a1i \u1edf h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 7 Em ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec khi b\u1ecb ng\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: Khi ch\u1eb3ng may b\u1ecb ng\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean em c\u1ea7n gi\u1eef b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh. Em c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft n\u1ed5i ng\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng. N\u1ebfu em kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, h\u00e3y k\u00eau c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 8 Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u01a1i m\u00e0 th\u1ea5y ai \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc? Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: Tr\u1ebb em tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp d\u00f9 \u0111ang \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tr\u1ebb c\u1ea7n nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i (nh\u01b0 \u00e1o phao, th\u00f9ng nh\u1ef1a r\u1ed7ng) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a cho n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c g\u1ecdi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 xung quanh. Tr\u1ebb c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u qu\u00e1 chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. Tr\u1ebb em s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1ebd g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh tr\u1ebb. N\u00ean nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea5u v\u00edu, n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9u, khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i theo. 91","C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 9 Em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u01a1i r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi v\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c, li\u1ec7u em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng? Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: Bi\u1ebft b\u01a1i gi\u1ecfi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn s\u1ebd g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho c\u1ea3 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em. \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c em nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1ea1n m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc theo. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 k\u0129 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c n\u01a1i h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh. H\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c em kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c k\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u00ean c\u1ea1n (c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 10 Em ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 v\u1eadt g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u00f3? Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 g\u1eady, v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i, d\u00e2y th\u1eebng,...). Tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea7n d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp do thi\u1ebfu v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i, do c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u1ecbp, n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u0111ang ch\u00ecm, th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft x\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1ea1nh, ho\u1eb7c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u1edf qu\u00e1 xa b\u1edd. Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n trong m\u1ecdi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb em, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c em ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng k\u0129 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n g\u1eb7p r\u1ee7i ro, tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. C\u00e1c em n\u00ean k\u00eau c\u1ee9u xung quanh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 (s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i: 114). C\u00e1c em c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch theo d\u00f5i n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 11 Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean l\u00e0m g\u00ec trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc? Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p n\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 n\u00e9m nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u00e0ng nhanh c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean 92","\u01b0u ti\u00ean nh\u1eefng n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u1edf g\u1ea7n th\u00ec c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1ch b\u1edd 5m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1ch b\u1edd 20m, ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u1ea1n c\u00e1ch xa 5m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 h\u01a1n. S\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u1ea1n n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u1edf qu\u00e1 xa b\u1edd. N\u1ebfu c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u1edf xa nh\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u1ea1n \u1edf g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n m\u00e0 l\u1ebd ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9u \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho (nh\u1eefng) n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee9u cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 12 N\u1ebfu ai \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1edf, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 n\u00ean x\u1ed1c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y ra? Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng! Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u00e1c l\u00ean vai v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y hay d\u1ed1c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 d\u00e2n gian th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cx\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d khi v\u1edbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean ch\u1ed7 c\u1ea1n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ec9nh. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u00ec s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t \u00f4 xi, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea7n kinh n\u1ebfu s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t. Ngay khi l\u00ean b\u1edd, n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4 xi v\u00e0o m\u00e1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. N\u1ebfu x\u1ed1c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p \u00f4 xi cho n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e3o v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c x\u1ed1c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y tr\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf, ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n vi\u1ec7c th\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. 93","H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ea1y, h\u1ecdc b\u01a1i cho tr\u1ebb em, H\u1eccC SINH t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c 94","T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U THAM KH\u1ea2O 1. \u0007TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc Anh v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n d\u1ea1y b\u01a1i an to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ebb em (D\u00e0nh cho h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u00ean), T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2019. 2. \u0007PGS.TS. L\u00ea Huy Tr\u00ed (Ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean), T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y k\u0129 n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc cho tr\u1ebb em (D\u00e0nh cho gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean), B\u1ed9 Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u2013 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh v\u00e0 X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 2019. 3. \u0007Trung t\u00e2m Ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng Thi\u00ean tai ch\u00e2u \u00c1, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc an to\u00e0n v\u00f9ng l\u0169, S\u1ed5 tay Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 r\u1ee7i ro v\u00f9ng l\u0169 (b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u00e0nh cho gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh), H\u1ee3p ph\u1ea7n 4 c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 l\u0169, \u1ee6y h\u1ed9i s\u00f4ng M\u00ea C\u00f4ng, th\u00e1ng 10\/2009. 4. \u0007Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 1248\/Q\u0110\u2013TTg v\u1ec1 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng tai n\u1ea1n, th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch tr\u1ebb em giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2021 \u2013 2030, 19\/7\/2021. 5. B\u0007 \u00e1o c\u00e1o kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c S\u1edf Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o: B\u1ebfn Tre, Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh, B\u1eafc Giang, B\u1eafc Ninh, \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1, \u0110\u1eafk L\u1eafk, \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p,... 95","Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam xin tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea3m \u01a1n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y. C\u0007 h\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n: Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean NGUY\u1ec4N \u0110\u1ee8C TH\u00c1I T\u1ed5ng Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c HO\u00c0NG L\u00ca B\u00c1CH Ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u1ed9i dung: T\u1ed5ng bi\u00ean t\u1eadp PH\u1ea0M V\u0128NH TH\u00c1I T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o: Ph\u00f3 T\u1ed5ng bi\u00ean t\u1eadp V\u0168 TRUNG CH\u00cdNH Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng ty C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n Ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh S\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c H\u00c0 S\u1ef8 TUY\u1ec2N Bi\u00ean t\u1eadp n\u1ed9i dung: \u0110\u1eb6NG MINH THU\u00dd Bi\u00ean t\u1eadp m\u0129 thu\u1eadt: NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N \u0110\u00d4NG S\u1eeda b\u1ea3n in: NH\u1eee TH\u00c0NH TRUNG Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u00e1ch: PH\u1ea0M TH\u1eca H\u00c0 Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u00eca: NGUY\u1ec4N TU\u1ea4N NG\u1eccC Minh ho\u1ea1: PH\u1ea0M TH\u1eca H\u00c0 \u0007Ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3n: C\u00d4NG TY C\u1ed4 PH\u1ea6N PH\u00c1T H\u00c0NH S\u00c1CH GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n thu\u1ed9c Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ty C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n Ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh S\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i dung cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ty C\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n Ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh S\u00e1ch Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U H\u01af\u1edaNG D\u1eaaN GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C PH\u00d2NG TR\u00c1NH \u0110U\u1ed0I N\u01af\u1edaC CHO H\u1eccC SINH M\u00e3 s\u1ed1: In..................... b\u1ea3n (Q\u0110:................TK), kh\u1ed5 19 x 26cm \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb in: ......................\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 .............................................. C\u01a1 s\u1edf in: .......................\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 .............................................. S\u1ed1 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00ed KHXB: S\u1ed1 Q\u0110XB: ...\/Q\u0110-GD-HN ng\u00e0y ...... th\u00e1ng ....... n\u0103m 2021 In xong v\u00e0 n\u1ed9p l\u01b0u chi\u1ec3u th\u00e1ng ... n\u0103m 2021 M\u00e3 s\u1ed1 ISBN: 96"]