Begovic B.: Nature's Miracle Ginkgo biloba, Book 1, Vol. 1-2

Source, author... Comments, description... Source: for tableHOL Also: G.b. ‘HB Leiden’ (?) - 33b 21, 33,USA There is no specific description. 62, 136 Helmut Honemann There is no specific description.Gartenbau, Wien, AUT 20, 23, Dr. Elemer Barabit - “Habitus: vigorous, straight trunk, branching high and neatly.” - Hatch 114,Barabits's Lővér Pinetum 117 Sopron, HUN 23? There is no specific description. 62, 74, 114 18USA There is no specific description. 23, ? 39 ? Deeply divided leaves. Very large leaves. (L. Henry, Rev. Horticole 11: 80-84, 20, 1911) 23, 62, ? 118 (A) There is no specific description. 18 23,? There is no specific description. 62, 114 23,? There is no specific description. 62, 114CHN There is no specific description. (ovate-fruited finger citron) 23, 1301854, Seneclause Nurs. Deeply divided leaves. Very large leaves. (E.-A. Carriere, Traite Gen. Conif., Bourg-Argental, FRA Paris, 1855, p. 504) - as a synonym for LACINIATA, and referenced 20, - new name to Cat. Senecl., 1854, p. 40. 23, 62, Mast. 1896, Deeply divided leaves. Very large leaves. 114,GBR - new name 118 (A) 20, 23, 62, 118 (A) ? There is no specific description. 62, 79Stanley & Sons Nurs. ‘Magyar’ is a male form that was discovered growing in front of Magyar Bank in NewInc. Boring, OR USA Brunswick, New Jersey. It is a narrow upright form with ascending branching that matures 18, over time to as much as 60’ tall and 30’ wide. Green leaves turn a uniform and very showy 20, golden yellow in autumn. Insignificant greenish male flowers bloom in catkins in spring. 23, 43, 80 299

No. Country Height of (m) origin Cultivar name Other names Selection Sex group M/F Ginkgo biloba -‘Majestic DWARF/VARI M? USA121 ‘Majestic Butterflies’ ? Butterfly’ -122 Ginkgo biloba -‘Peve Maribo’ (?) ? M ? FRA ‘Male’ Ginkgo biloba VARI M ? POL123 ‘Maribo’ ?124 Ginkgo biloba -‘Marikirum’ DWARF/WEEP M 2 HOL ‘Mariken’ (-‘Marikin’ ?) Ginkgo biloba - UP M 12 USA125 ‘Mayfield’ Ginkgo biloba - ? M ? USA126 ‘Maytown’ ? ? Ginkgo biloba - ? M ? USA127 ‘Mephisto’ ? ? Ginkgo biloba -‘Mianhuaguo’ UP F ? CHN128 ‘Miauhuanguo’129 Ginkgo biloba - ? ?? ? ‘Montezuma’130 Ginkgo biloba - ? ? ? USA ‘Moraine’131 Ginkgo biloba - UP F ? USA ‘Mother Load’132 Ginkgo biloba - DWARF F 1,5 USA ‘Munchkin’ ?133 Ginkgo biloba -‘Barabitsii’ DWARF M 2 HUN ‘Nana’ -‘Conica’ DWARF DWARF/WEEP Ginkgo biloba -‘Horizontalis Nana’ - 2> USA134 ‘Nana ? - Horizontalis’135 Ginkgo biloba M? 2> HOL ‘Nelleke’ ?300

Source, author... Comments, description... Source: for tableUSA There is no specific description. 62, ? 81? There is no specific description. 62, 136 Burdan Nursery, (Variegated form of G.b. 'Mariken'. Found by Piet Vergeldt, Lottum, HOL. - 33b) 23, Lubska, POL ? 33b, Piet Vergeldt in 79 Lottum, HOL Compact form of Ginkgo with a pendulous habit. It should be staked in youth 2, 20,E. H. Scanlon, 1961, for a taller plant. 21, 23,1948, E. H. Scanlon, 33, 39,Cleveland, OH, USA 62 ? (E.H. Scanlon, Plant Prop. Soc. Proc. 1: 20-32, 1951, illus. with leaves, p. 28) - 20, male, pyramidal, very narrow, strictly fastigiate and \"Lombardy-like\" in outline. 21, 23, Also in E.H. Scanlon & Assoc, Olmsted Falls, Ohio, Advert., Trees Mag. 19 (2): 2, 1959, illus. without leaves. 62, (A) There is no specific description. 10, 18 ? There is no specific description. 10, Cotton-fruit like; often with twin fruit. 18Cheng & Fu 1978, CHN 23, (A) ? There is no specific description. 21 USA Name found in the records of the Plant Sciences Data Center of the American 23,Siebenthaler Co., Horticultural Society. Plant obtained from The Siebenthaler Co., Dayton, Ohio 44,Dayton, UH, USA and grown at the Saratoga Horticultural Foundation, Saratoga, California. (A) Cultivar never commercially available. USA ? Low scent seeds. Saratoga Horticultural Foundation, Saratoga, CA, USA. 20, 23,1983, Barabits E. 62 ? One of the best dwarf selections we have worked with thus far. The habit is semi upright with numerous small 23, slender branches radiating outward. Can be trained into a small tree or grown as a low branched multi-stem 62, HOL (?) shrub. Perfect selection for the rock garden setting or for bonsai culture. Certainly the daintiest of all the dwarf 81, selections in leaf type. Many leaves are no larger than a quarter with most being more nickel size or even sma-ller. 82 They are closely attached, emerging from the stem in a circular fashion making a very dense arrangement. Leaf shape is similar to the species although not as finely fut to the center, medium green summer color gives way to solid yellow in the fall. A broad dwarf with dense habit. Original plant in the Barabits's Lővér Pinetum 20, Sopron, HUN. Maybe the same: ‘Barabits Nana’ or ‘Barabits Dwarf’ or ’Kitsi’? 23, 62 Almost the same as 'horizontalis', but smaller plant. 17, 23, Weeping form, found and named by Van Aart Boomkwekerijen, Oudenbosch, 62 Netherlands (33b) 18, 33b, 34, 56, 301

No. Country Height of (m) origin Cultivar name Other names Selection Sex group M/F Ginkgo biloba - UP F 12 USA136 ‘Noble’s Horizontalis’137 Ginkgo biloba - UP M 15 ITA ‘Obelisk’ EPI-DWARF EPI-DWARF138 Ginkgo biloba -‘Epiphylla’ -‘Oha- 4.5 JAP ‘Ohazuki’ suki’ -‘Ohazaki’ UP ? F (19) -‘Ohatsuki’ ? ? -‘Epiphylla’ -‘Oha-139 Ginkgo biloba suki’ -‘Ohazaki’ 4.5 JAP ‘Ohatsuki’ -‘Ohazuki’ F (19) ? Ginkgo biloba - M ? HUN140 ‘Oszlopos Tekeres’ ?141 Ginkgo biloba - ? ? USA ‘Overlook’ - -‘Weeping’142 Ginkgo biloba - UP M 15 USA ‘Palo Alto’ -‘Pendula Gruga’143 Ginkgo biloba - WEEP F <8 BEL ‘Pendula’ - WEEP - WEEP Ginkgo biloba WEEP F <8 POL144 ‘Pendula -‘Pevé Lobo’ WEEP/VARI ?? -‘Pevé Maribo’ DWARF Chiny’ UP/VARI F <8 GER UP/VARI ?? Ginkgo biloba145 ‘Pendula F <8 USA ?? Gruda’ F <8 USA Ginkgo biloba146 ‘Pendula ?? ? Rowe’ Ginkgo biloba147 ‘Pendula Variegata’148 Ginkgo biloba M <3 USA ‘Pete’s Dwarf’ ??149 Ginkgo biloba F ? HOL ‘Peve Lobo’ ?150 Ginkgo biloba F ? HOL ‘Peve Maribo’ ?302

Source, author... Comments, description... Source: for tableRichard Wolford, Yup this guy finally has an official name. Originally rediscovered by Richard Wolford on an old 83, USA nursery, Noble’s has really added a different perspective to Ginkgo’s. Its inability to develop a 84 central leader allows the plant to display a very squat and broad habit. This form can easily fit into smaller landscapes where the straight species is too large.? As ‘Fastigiata’. 18, 33, 87 (J. Ohwi, Flora of Japan, Smithsonian Inst., Wash., D.C., 1965, p. 109, English translation 20,? edited by F.G. Meyer and E.H. Walker) - no cultivars were given in the original 1953 Japanese 23, version of Ohwi's work, but the extended English translation listed 'Epiphylla', which must be 114, considered invalid because of the use of Latin form after 1959. Japanese equivalent given as (A) OHATSUKI. (J. Ohwi, Flora of Japan, Smithsonian Inst., Wash., D.C., 1965, p. 109, English translation 20,? edited by F.G. Meyer and E.H. Walker) - no cultivars were given in the original 1953 Japanese 23, version of Ohwi's work, but the extended English translation listed 'Epiphylla', which must be 114, considered invalid because of the use of Latin form after 1959. Japanese equivalent given as (A) OHATSUKI.? There is no specific description. 18, 86 E. H. Scanlon, Name found in the records of the Plant Sciences Data Center of the American 23, Cleveland, OH, USA Horticultural 114, Society. Propagated from a tree selected by E.H. Scanlon, Olmsted Falls, Ohio, (A) E. H. Scanlon, on Mt. Overlook Ave., Cleveland, Ohio by the Saratoga Horticultural Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA (Shade Tree Selection Committee of the National Shade Tree Conference, Trees Mag. 15 (3): 20,Ch. van Geert, 1855, 10-11, 1955) - male. Illus. E.H. Scanlon & Assoc, Olmsted Falls, Ohio, Advert., Trees Mag. 23, BEL 19(2): 2, 1959, as nicely formed specimen representing the species. (A) P. L. M. van der Bom 1982 (23)Sylw. Tomszak Nurs., 20, Bielsko-Biala, POL (A. Van Geert Nurs., Belgium, Cat. 1862, p. 62) - branches pendulous. (Sant.) 23, 33, Hort. 1855 Bonn, Nancy, Prague Botanic Garden EUR, G. biloba f. pendula Hort. (23) 114, 136, (A) The new variant G.b. 'Pendula’. Made in Poland. 23, 42Essen, Grugapark, This is var. G.b. ‘Pendula’. 18, GER This is var. G.b. ‘Pendula’. 89Arrowhead Nurs., 23 MA, USA? Weeping form with leaves as ‘Variegata’. 18Girard Nurseries, OH, Found as a witch's broom on a Ginkgo seedling. Very dense thick branching 37 USA habit. Dark green foliage. Heavy trunks. Good for bonsai. Plant in full sun. Vergeldt Nursery, As G.b. ‘Peve Maribo’. This is var. G.b. ‘Variegata’. 18, HOL, 2003 23, An upright deciduous tree with green and white variegated leaves. Amount of 88, Vergeldt Nursery, variegation can vary, so care must be taken to propagate from most colorful 116 HOL, 2003 wood. New from Vergeldt Nursery in Holland. Prefers sun/partial shade in well- drained soil. Too new to evaluate size. Small, flattened, globular plant. 18, 23, 44, 88, 116 303

No. Country Height of (m) origin Cultivar name Other names Selection Sex - group M/F151 Ginkgo biloba UP M5 HUN ‘Pillar’ ??152 Ginkgo biloba - DWARF M2 USA ‘Pine Glen Dwarf’ ??153 Ginkgo biloba -‘Princeton Sentry’ UP M 17 USA ‘PNI 2720’ DWARF/WEEP M <3 CZR -‘Prague’, -‘Praha’ DWARF/WEEP M <3 CZR Ginkgo biloba -‘Pragense’, DWARF/WEEP M <3 CZR154 ‘Praga’ -‘Pragensis’ M <15 USA UP Ginkgo biloba -‘Prague’,155 ‘Pragense’ -‘Praga’, -‘Pragensis’ Ginkgo biloba156 ‘Pragensis’ -‘Prague’, -‘Praga’,157 Ginkgo biloba -‘Pragense’ ‘President’ -‘The President’ -’Presidential Gold’158 Ginkgo biloba - UP M <15 USA ‘Princeton Gold’ -‘PNI 2720’ UP M 17 USA Ginkgo biloba159 ‘Princeton Sentry’160 Ginkgo biloba - WEEP ? ? GBR ‘Prostrata’ - UP - UP Ginkgo biloba M? USA161 ‘Pyramidal’ ? Ginkgo biloba M 12 USA162 ‘Pyramidalis’ Ginkgo biloba - DWARF ? 2 HUN163 ‘Pyramis’ ?164 Ginkgo biloba -‘Summer Rainbow’ VARI/DWARF F <3 USA ‘Rainbow’165 Ginkgo biloba - UP M 12 USA ‘Robbies Twist’ ? ?304

Source, author... Comments, description... Source: for tableBarabits E., A witch's broom of narrow habit and slow growing. Original plant in the Barabits's Lővér Pinetum 23 HUN, 1983 Sopron, Hungary.? There is no specific description. 18, 23Princeton Nurs. (Princeton Nurs., Princeton, New Jersey, Wholesale Price List, Fall 1972-Spring 1 973, p. 18, 20, NJ, USA, 1967 32) - upright growing, male. Illus. in Wholesale Price List, Fall 1 973-Spring 1974, p. 33 as 23, new columnar tree with a unique narrow head similar to Lombardy poplar. Plant Patent No. 90, 2726, March 7, 1967. (A)CZR Sin. 1930 G. biloba var. Pragensis (Domin). 1996 VÚOZ Průhonice named the G. biloba ‘Praga’. 18, 20CZR This is Czech version of G. biloba ‘Pendula’. “(J.P. Krouman, Gard. Chron. 166(14): 14-15, 23, 33, 1969) - low, spreading, parasol-shaped crowns, two trees in Prague, Czechoslovakia. This is not the same cultivar as 'Pendula' of British gardens, M. Hadfield, Gard. Chron. 166(18): 6, 92, 1969. Name invalid because in Latin form after 1959.” - Santamour 1983. 130 As previously. 18, 20 23, 92, (A)CZR As previously. 18, 20 23, 92, (A)Michael Dirr, Athens, GA, 15 m tall and 12 m wide, Zone 4, broad oval to pyramidal shape with medium- 20, USA green summer foliage that turns bright yellow in the fall. This tree was selected 23, by Dr. Michael Dirr and sets a new standard for ginkgos. It is male and 58, Princeton Nurs. seedless. 91 NJ, USA, 1966 Name found in records of the Plant Sciences Data Center of the AHS. Trees at the Morton 20, Princeton Nurs. Arboretum, Lisle, Illinois and Longwood Gardens, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania. A selection of 23, 90, NJ, USA, 1967 Princeton Nurs., Princeton, NJ, as a male with a strong central leader and perfect regularity of branching habit. Plant Patent No. 2675, October 4, 1966. This cultivar was never advertised by 91, Princeton Nurs. and was discontinued because of propagation difficulties. 114, (A) (Princeton Nurs., Princeton, New Jersey, Wholesale Price List, Fall 1972 - Spring 1 973, p. 32) - upright growing, male. Illus. in Wholesale Price List, Fall 1 973- 18, 20, Spring 1974, p. 33 as new columnar tree with a unique narrow head similar to 23, 90, Lombardy poplar. Plant Patent No. 2726, March 7, 1967. (Santamour) 91, 114, (A)1992, GBR There is no specific description. 23, 93, 114 (E.H. Scanlon, Plant Prop. Soc. Proc. 1: 20-32, 1951, illus. p. 27) - male. Not? intended as a cultivar name. (Santamour) 23, (A)Vermeulen Nurs., (John Vermeulen & Son, Inc., Neshanic Station, New Jersey, Cat. Spring 1963, p. 20, Neshanic St. 7) - male, from cuttings. Tree of this cultivar growing at Holden Arboretum, 23, NJ, 1963, USA Mentor, Ohio. Name invalid because in Latin form after 1959. (Santamour) (A)Barabits E., Original plant in the Barabits's Lővér Pinetum Sopron, HUN. 18, HUN 23Stanley & Sons Nurs. Inc. One version of G.b. 'Variegata’. 20, Boring, OR, USA 23, 114, (A)? There is no specific description. 18, 94 305

No. Country Height of (m) origin Cultivar name Other names Selection Sex group M/F166 Ginkgo biloba - UP M <15 USA ‘Robin’ - ? - Ginkgo biloba -‘Roos More’ ? ?? ?167 ‘Rocky’ - -‘St. Cloud’168 Ginkgo biloba - UP M <15 USA ‘Roosevelt’ - ? -169 Ginkgo biloba -‘Umbrella’ WEEP M5 USA ‘Roos Moore’ -‘Umbraculifera’ ?? - VARI/DWARF170 Ginkgo biloba - M <3 GER ‘Roswitha’ - ? -‘Fastigiata’171 Ginkgo biloba -‘Shangri-la’ UP M <15 FRA ‘Saint Cloud’ Ginkgo biloba UP F ? USA172 ‘Salem Lady’ ?173 Ginkgo biloba ? M ? USA ‘San Jose’174 Ginkgo biloba ? M ? USA ‘San Jose Gold’175 Ginkgo biloba WEEP/DWARF F <3 USA ‘Santa Cruz’ Ginkgo biloba UP M <15 USA176 ‘Saratoga’ Ginkgo biloba ? ? ? GER177 ‘Schloss Dyck’178 Ginkgo biloba ? ?? ? ‘Schönbrunn’ Ginkgo biloba UP M ? USA179 ‘Sentry’ Ginkgo biloba UP M 13 USA180 ‘Shangri-La’306

Source, author... Comments, description... Source: for tableCole Nurs., Circleville, Name found in records of Plant Sciences Data Center of the American Horticultural Society. 20, OH, USA Tree at Holden Arboretum, Mentor, Ohio obtained from Cole Nursery Co. in 1968. Male tree 23, selected in southern Ohio as a most well-formed ginkgo, with crown characteristics similar to (A) USA Tllla cordata. Propagated and evaluated under this cultivar name by Cole Nursery Co., ? Circleville, Ohio. Cultivar never commercially available. (Santamour) Found on Roosevelt There is no specific description. 52 Boulevard, Name found in the records of the Plant Sciences Data Center of the American Horticultural 20,Philadelphia, PA, USA Society. Propagated from a tree on Roosevelt Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, by the 23, Saratoga Horticultural Foundation, Saratoga, California, and tested under this name. The (A) USA cultivar has never been described or commercially available. (Santamour)Asbach-Bäumenheim, This cultivar was found by Ross Moore, Moore’s Natives, Lenoir, North Carolina who found it in 2, GER, 1992 a clients’ landscape. It is strongly weeping, unlike the other ‘Pendulous’ forms in the trade that 18, are merely horizontal at best. They also exhibit the excellent golden-yellow fall color typical of 20,Albert Kahn's Garden, the species. The ultimate height is anyone’s guess. 10-15’?? The sex? Again, anyone’s guess. 94 St. Cloud sur (2) Seine, 1959, FRA G.b. ‘Hortizontalis’ with colorful leaves as G.b. ‘Variegata’. 18, See Houtman 2004. p. 147. 23, Salem, OR, 33a, USA 116 (F.G. Meyer, Baileya 9: 127-133, 1961) - branches at right angles to the trunk or 20, 23, slightly ascending, rarely with secondary branches, densely leafy. Original tree at 33a, Jardin Kahn, St. Cloud-sur-Seine, Boisde Boulogne, Paris, France. Introduced as 114 P.I. 242018. (Santamour) - Dense crown. (A) When this female is pollinated, she produces a heavy yield of almond sized, 2, orange nuts with a thin shell that are considered a delicacy when roasted! 23, 49J. Clarke Nurs., CA, As G.b. ‘San Jose Gold’. Ibid. ? 23, USA, 1969 33a, (A)Holden Arboretum, Name found in the records of the Plant Sciences Data Center of the American 23, OH, USA, 1969 Horticultural Society. Trees at Holden Arboretum, Mentor, Ohio, received from J. 33a, Clarke Nurs., San Jose, California, in 1969. (Santamour) (A) E. H. Scanlon, OH, USA, 1959 (E.H. Scanlon & Assoc, Olmsted Falls, Ohio, advert., Trees Mag. 19(2): 2, 1959, 20, illus.) - umbrella form, low and spreading, illustration same as for UMBRELLA. 23, Saratoga, (Santamour) 33a, CA, USA, 1975 (A) 1985, GER (Calif. Assoc. Nurserymen, Peninsula Chapter Bull., March 1976, p. 2), - originated at the 2, 23, ? Saratoga Horticultural Foundation, Saratoga, California, first introduced in 1975, notable for its 33a, dense, compact habit with ascending branches, distinct central leader, and moderately slow 114 growth rate. Saratoga Horticultural Foundation, Price and Availability List, February 15, (A) 1977, p. 2 listed tree as \"male,\" with some further description. (Santamour) There is no specific description. 18, 95, 96 ? In fact it is Ginkgo biloba tree in Schönbrunn, Austria (?). 18, 97 USA • Grafted Male. A narrow pyramidal upright male. Very symmetrical short branching. Good fall 20,Stanley & Sons Nurs. color. (49) • (H.P. Kelsey and W.A. Dayton, Standardized Plant Names, 1942, p. 274) = 23,Inc. Boring, OR, USA FASTIGIATA. Name may also be mistakenly used for PRINCETON SENTRY or refer to a 49, fastigiate tree propagated and tested under the name \"Sentry\" by the Saratoga Horticultural (A) Foundation, Saratoga, California. (Santamour) Grafted Male. Faster growing than most ginkgo. Grows into a medium sized tree. (49) 20, 23, 49 307

No. Country Height of (m) origin Cultivar name Other names Selection Sex - group M/F181 Ginkgo biloba DWARF M 6 HOL ‘Simon’ ?182 Ginkgo biloba - UP M <14 USA ‘Sinclair’ ?183 Ginkgo biloba - UP M <13 USA ‘Slim Jim’184 Ginkgo biloba -‘Snowflake’ VARI M ? NZL ‘Snow Flake’ Ginkgo biloba - DWARF M <6 ?185 ‘Sotaju’ ? Ginkgo biloba -‘Spot Tit’ CHICHI/DWARF M2 ?186 ‘Sport Tit’ ?? Ginkgo biloba - DWARF F 2 USA187 ‘Spring Grove’ DWARF DWARF Ginkgo biloba -‘Spring Grove F 2 USA188 ‘Spring Grove #86’ ? Sport’ -‘Spring Grove WB’ Ginkgo biloba - M3 USA189 ‘Stanley’s Dwarf’ ??190 Ginkgo biloba - UP M ? USA ‘Sterile’ ?191 Ginkgo biloba -‘Rainbow’ VARI/DWARF F <3 USA ‘Summer Rainbow’192 Ginkgo biloba - VARI F ? USA ‘Sunstream’193 Ginkgo biloba -‘Telma’ DWARF M3 USA ‘Thelma’ ?? JAP USA194 Ginkgo biloba -‘Chi-chi’ CHICHI/DWARF M 2 ‘Tit’ -‘Icho’ -‘Tschi Tschi’ ? -‘Chi Chi Icho’195 Ginkgo biloba -'Todd's Dwarf’ DWARF M2 ‘Todds’ ? ? ??308

Source, author... Comments, description... Source: for table Bömer, Zundert, HOL The perfect ginkgo for smaller gardens: slow-growing, multi-branched, 18, attractive foliage. (Found by M.M. Bömer, Zundert, HOL. - 33b) 23, 33, PrincetonNurs. NJ USA, 1967 (?) 98, 99 (The Siebenthaler Co., Dayton, Ohio, Trade List Fall 1977, p. 19) - without description. A 20, male, wellbranched selection of Princeton Nurs., Princeton, New Jersey, but never advertised 23, by them because of propagation difficulties. Name validated here for the first (A) time. (Santamour)Cole Nurs., Circlevill, Name found in records of Plant Sciences Data Center of the American Horticultural Society. 20, OH, USA Tree at Holden Arboretum, Mentor, Ohio, obtained from Cole Nursery Co. in 1968. Male, 23, fastigiate tree selected by M.W. Staples in Kent, Ohio and propagated and evaluated under (A) Cedar Lodge Nurs. this cultivar name by Cole Nursery Co., Circleville, Ohio. Cultivar never commercially New Plymouth, available. (Santamour) 20, NZL, 2009 23 A variegated form. Ideal for a shady or semi-shady spot. Production underway soon. No further information available yet.? It has very large leaves. 18, 96? Form cultivar 'Tit'. 18, 20, 96Spring Grove Arboretum, True dwarf species Ginkgo biloba. Very similar to the cultivar 'WB’. A compact, 2, in Cincinnati, OH, USA rounded form, discovered as a ‘witches’ broom’ in Ohio. One of the nicest of the 20, small Ginkgos! 23, 33, USA 39, Form cultivar 'Spring Grove'. Very similar to the cultivar 'WB’. Or ‘Spring Grove 96 Witches Broom’. 20, 23, 33, 39, 96USA One of the best dwarf forms with short internodes and a dwarf columnar habit 23, we think it is outstanding. (41) 39, 41OH, USA Name used by the SiebenthalerCo., Dayton, Ohio to denote males obtained from 114, various sources. (A)Stanley & Sons Nurs. Inc. One version of G.b. 'Variegata’. 20, Boring, OR, USA 23, 114, (A)USA, 2003 A variegated form less reversion prone than most it is slow growing and you 2, still need to clip green shoots. 20, 23, 41 USA New foliage is small and deeply fimbriated, then enlarges from the leaf base 2, and forms a semi-tubular, or cup shaped mature leaf with divided edges. 18, Grootendorst 1978, Different and very nice. There is still confusion about how large this plant will 23, 33, JAP ? grow. (2) 96Stanley & Sons Nurs. Back again after a brief absence and more entertaining than Nip/Tuck reruns we proudly present the perfect 20,Inc. Boring, OR, USA plant for all those customers with the annoying touchy feely plant fondling fetishes. Now you can get that out of 23, your system before you visit the nursery and maul our display troughs. 'Tschi -Tschi', also listed as Chi-Chi, by 33a, ? nurseries that apparently think Ginkgo originated in Mexico is indeed a botanical classic. How could you pass up 43, a Ginkgo with breasts? Hey they even sag with age albeit more slowly than human ones. Even a thousand years 136 from now the future, owners of your property can gaze in wonder at your kinky taste. (43) (Syn. Todd, Todd’s WB) This compact form will reach 4’ in 10 years. (2) 2, 23, 43 309

No. Country Height of (m) origin Cultivar name Other names Selection Sex group M/F196 Ginkgo biloba -‘Todd’s Dwarf’ DWARF M2 USA ‘Todd’s Dwarf’ - ?? ? Ginkgo biloba F ? CHN197 ‘Tongzigou’ Ginkgo biloba - ? ?? ?198 ‘Törpe Enlopes’199 Ginkgo biloba - UP F 8 GER ‘Tremonia’200 Ginkgo biloba -‘Cut Leaf’ -‘Cutleaf’ -‘Dissecta’ - UP M 18 FRA ‘Triloba’ ‘Laciniata’ -‘Largeleaf’ -‘Longifo- lia’ -‘Macrophylla’ -‘Macrophylla Incisa’ - ‘Macrophylla Laciniata’201 Ginkgo biloba - DWARF M 1.5 GER ‘Troll’ ??202 Ginkgo biloba -‘Chi-chi’ CHICHI/DWARF M 2 JAP ‘Tschi-Tschi’ -‘Icho’ -‘Tit’ ? ? -‘Chi Chi Icho’203 Ginkgo biloba TUBE/UP/DWARF M <3 FRA ‘Tubifolia’ -‘Tubiformis’ -‘Tubeleaf’204 Ginkgo biloba -‘Tubiforme’ TUBE/UP/DWARF M <3 FRA ‘Tubiformis’ ? -‘Tubifolia’ -‘Tubeleaf’ -‘Tubiforme’205 Ginkgo biloba -‘Umbrella’ WEEP/DWARF F <3 USA ‘Umbraculifera’ -‘Santa Cruz’206 Ginkgo biloba -‘Santa Cruz’ WEEP/DWARF F <3 USA ‘Umbrella’ -‘Umbraculifera’ Ginkgo biloba -‘Variegated’ VARI/DWARF M/F <3 FRA207 ‘Variegata’ -‘Varigata’ - VARI/DWARF F <3 USA Ginkgo biloba VARI/DWARF ?208 ‘Variegata - F <3 POL Searles’ - ? Ginkgo biloba ? ? ? USA209 ‘Variegata Tomszak’ Ginkgo biloba210 ‘Wavecrest No. 238’ & ‘No.240’310

Source, author... Comments, description... Source: for tableStanley & Sons Nurs. (Syn. Todd, Todd’s WB) This compact form will reach 4’ in 10 years. (2) 2,Inc. Boring, OR, USA 23, 43 ? 23,CHN There is no specific description. (A)? There is no specific description. 18Dortmund Botanic Gingko biloba 'Tremonia' is a German selection which is wonderfully columnar 18, 20,Garden, GER, 1930 but differs from the other fastigiate forms due to its heavily textured blue-green 23, foliage. This tree makes a very narrow specimen, ideal for planting in groups or 33a, 1942 USA for use in the small garden where it will take up very little room. (63) 33b, (?) - new name 63, 96 (H.J. Elwes and A. Henry, Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 1: 58, 1906) - \"scarce worthy of 20, recognition, as the leaves in all ginkgo trees are exceedingly variable in lobing.\" May = 118, LACINIATA. (Santamour) (A)Bömer, Zundert, HOL Ginkgo biloba 'Troll' is a lovely form of the Ginkgo biloba with compact, bushy growth. Ideal 2, as a container plant on the patio where after several years it will form a stunning leafy 20, JAP specimen tree that is not too large. Ideal if you would like a Ginkgo but do not have very 23, ? much space - and much better behaved than a real life Troll as well! 33b (Found by J.Wieting, GER, introduced by M.M. Bömer, Zundert, HOL. - 33b) FRA Back again after a brief absence and more entertaining than Nip/Tuck reruns we proudly present the perfect 20, plant for all those customers with the annoying touchy feely plant fondling fetishes. Now you can get that out of 23, your system before you visit the nursery and maul our display troughs. 'Tschi -Tschi', also listed as Chi-Chi, by 33a, nurseries that apparently think Ginkgo originated in Mexico is indeed a botanical classic. How could you pass up 43 a Ginkgo with breasts? Hey they even sag with age albeit more slowly than human ones. Even a thousand years from now the future, owners of your property can gaze in wonder at your kinky taste. (43) A small, multistemmed cultivar with interesting funnel shaped leaves. Leaves tend to be 2, 20, rolled into tubes; the effect is most pronounced on vigorous juvenile shoots, although many 23, cultivars have the occasional tubed or dissected leaf. 114, 136 JAP/ A small, multistemmed cultivar with interesting funnel shaped leaves. Leaves tend to be 2, HOL rolled into tubes; the effect is most pronounced on vigorous juvenile shoots, although many 20,? - new name cultivars have the occasional tubed or dissected leaf. 23, 114 Saratoga, (Shade Tree Selection Committee of the National Shade Tree Conference, Trees Mag. 15(3): 20, CA, USA 10-11, 1955) - umbrella shaped. Name also found in records of Plant Sciences Data Center of 23, the American Horticultural Society, plants growing at the Saratoga Horticultural 33a, Saratoga, Foundation, Saratoga, California, original tree in Santa Cruz, California, = SANTA CRUZ. (A) CA, USA (Santamour) M. Andre Leroy (E.H. Scanlon, Plant Prop. Soc. Proc. 1: 20-32, 1 951, illus. p. 29) - male 20,Nurs., Angers, FRA, 1854 umbrella shaped ginko (sic), Trees Mag. 12(3): 12, 1952, illus. and mentioned as 23, \"sent to us by Maunsell Van Rensselaer\" (Saratoga Horticultural Foundation, 33a, Saratoga, California) = SANTA CRUZ. (Santamour) (A) (E.-A. Carriere, Rev. Horticole, 1854, p. 41 2) - leaves variegated yellow. ‘Variegata' is an 2, 20, incredibly rare sport of Ginkgo biloba. The leaves are covered in random white/cream striping 23, 63, with occasional leaves being completely white. It is a slow growing tree and grows best in part sun-part shade to avoid scorching. Occasional leaves will revert to green and these 39, should be removed as soon as they appear. Very unusual and highly sought after. 136 (A)USA Form of cultivar ‘Variegata’. 100 ?Sylw. Tomszak Nurs., Poland variant of cultivar ‘Variegata’. 23 Bielsko-Biala, POLWavecrest There is no specific description. 100Nurs., USA 311

No. Country Height of (m) origin Cultivar name Other names Selection Sex group M/F211 Ginkgo biloba -‘Witches Broom’ DWARF M 2.5 USA ‘WB’ -‘Vital Spring’ Ginkgo biloba -‘Pendula’ WEEP F <8 FRA212 ‘Weeping’ ? Ginkgo biloba - WEEP F ? USA213 ‘Weeping Wonder’ Ginkgo biloba - VARI/DWARF F <3 USA214 ‘White Variegata’ ? ?215 Ginkgo biloba - ? ?? USA ‘White Winter’ WEEP ? -‘Hetlich’216 Ginkgo biloba -‘Hetych’ ? M 7 AUT ‘Wiener Walzer’ -‘Hettich’ ?217 Ginkgo biloba -‘Windover’ M 14 USA ‘Windover Gold’218 Ginkgo biloba -‘WB’ DWARF M 2.5 USA ‘Witches Broom’ -‘Vital Spring’219 Ginkgo biloba -‘Emperor’ UP M 15 USA ‘Woodstock’ UP-VARI - ? GBR -‘Pterophyllus Sa-220 Ginkgo biloba lisburiensis aurea’ ‘Yellowleaf’ -’Aurea’Legend of symbols: Tree form Size of leaves Form leaf 8 Need pruning Tree form Optimal height (up, dwarf, weep) (m)312

Source, author... Comments, description... Source: for tableStanley & Sons Nurs. Originated as a witch’s broom. It is just a little ball of beautiful green foliage. 2,Inc. Boring, OR, USA 20, (H.P. Kelsey and W.A. Dayton, Standardized Plant Names, 1942, p. 274) = 23, USA PENDULA. (Santamour) 101 ? 20, USA (A) USA Prostrate female witches' broom found by Rich Eyre & Mike Dirkson in 23, ? Springfield IL. Aka 'Mutant Weeper'. Tree Form: Weeping Pendulus. (102) 39, Form of cultivar ‘Pendula’. 43, 102 Form of cultivar ‘Variegata’. 23, 101 ? There is no specific description. 101 Orlóci László, HUN Heinz Hetych, former director of the Schönbrunn Gärten AUT made a great number 23 of seedling from the \"Maria Theresia Tree\" of Vienna Botanical Research Institute at USA Belvedere Gardens. Some of them were planted in the City of Vienna, and later was 20, ? recognized by Orlóci László, that the tree is a narrow long branched compactous 23, tree. 43Stanley & Sons Nurs.Inc. Boring, OR, USA There is no specific description. 2, 20, Berthold Nursery, Originated as a witch’s broom. It is just a little ball of beautiful green foliage. 23,Woodstock, IL, USA. 101 (1900’s) Strong central leader, well-branched, uniformfly oval. Selected from local 20, private residence. 114 Nelson, 1866, GBR Leaves golden-yellow. 20, 23, 126, (A)Ginkgo biloba ‘Ohatsuki’, Lučenec, Slovakia. The fruit is on the leaf. Research of the fruit G.b. 'Ohatsuki'. Dr. P. Hrubik, Nitra, Slovakia (2009). 313

Photo by Bömer, Netherlands. (33) Ginkgo biloba ‘Autumn Gold’: before pruning -after pruning. Photos by Edwin Smits, Netherlands. (7, 56) 12 Ginkgo biloba ‘Autumn Gold’. Photo by Ender Stewart, USA. (41, 43) Down: photo by Rich's Foxwillow Pines Nursery, Woodstock, IL, USA. (102)314

Collection young plants ginkgo cultivars before and after pruning - in “Boomkwekerij Edwin Smits”, Volkel, Netherlands. Photos by Edwin Smits, Netherlands. (7, 56) For example. All cultivars are sold mainly in containers. This plant Ginkgo biloba 'Fastigiata Blagon' is 9 years old. Height: approx 3.5 m with container. The size of containers: 50 liters. (54) 6 ? 315

2Ginkgo biloba ‘Barabit’s Nana’. Photo by Edwin Smits, Netherlands. (56) 5 4 Ginkgo biloba ‘Beijing Gold’. Photos by T. Schaner, USA. (104) Ginkgo biloba ‘Barabits Sztrada’. Photo by Orlóci László, Hungary. (66, 103, 106)316

Ginkgo biloba ‘Beijing Gold’. Photos by Bömer, Netherlands. (33) 4Ginkgo biloba ‘Bergman Dwarf’. Photo by Rich's Foxwillow Pines Nursery, USA. (102) Ginkgo biloba ‘Bullwinkle’. Photos by Todd Schaner, USA. (83) 12 317

Mutations of the young plant Ginkgo biloba. (”Weeping Maidenhair Tree 'Mutant Weeper’”) Photos by Todd Schaner, USA. (104) Up right: Photo By BMB.318

Ginkgo biloba ‘Chotek’. Photo by E. Smits, Netherlands. (56)Ginkgo biloba ‘Chotek’. Photo by Bömer, Netherlands. (33)Page 318 right down: Ginkgo biloba ‘Chi-chi’. Photo 2 by Rich's Foxwillow Pines Nursery, Woodstock, USA. (102) Ginkgo biloba ‘Chotek’. Photos by Dušan Horák, Czech Republic. (55) Down. 2.5Ginkgo biloba ‘Canopy’. Photo by Tood Schaner, USA. (83) ? 319

Ginkgo biloba ‘Chase Manhattan’ (‘Bonn's Dwarf’). Photo by Ender Stewart, USA. (41) 2.5 Beautiful Ginkgo biloba ‘Dila’. Photos by Lappen, Germany. (45) 3 ?320

??Ginkgo biloba ‘Dj’s Bowtie’. Photos by T. Schaner, USA. (83) ?Ginkgo biloba ‘Dingaling’. Photo by Rich's Foxwillow Pines Nursery, Woodstock, USA. (102) 2 ? Left: Ginkgo biloba ‘David’. Photo by Bömer, Netherlands. (33) 321

Ginkgo biloba ‘Elmwood’. Photos by T. Schaner, USA. (83) 4Ginkgo biloba ‘Elmwood Pillar’ - 'Elmwood', Photos by Dax Herbst, USA. (72) Ginkgo biloba ‘Fastigiata' in Winter, Photo by Edwin Smits, Netherlands. (7, 56)322

Ginkgo biloba ‘Fastigiata’. Photo by Bömer, Ginkgo biloba ‘Globosa’. Photo by Bömer, Netherlands. (33) Netherlands. (33) 8 2Ginkgo biloba ‘Globosa’. Photo by Edwin Smits, Netherlands. (56) 323

Ginkgo biloba ‘Horizontalis’. Photos by Ginkgo biloba ‘Horizontalis’. Photo by Ginkgo Plantentuin Esveld, Boskoop (Dirk Museum, Weimar, Germany. (14)and Cor van Gelderen), Netherlands. (21, 26)Ginkgo biloba ‘Horizontalis’. Photo by Dušan Horák, Czech Republic. (55)324

Ginkgo biloba ‘Horizontalis’. Photo by Trompenburg Tuinen & Arboretum, Rotterdam, Netherlands. (12, 26) 3Ginkgo biloba ‘Horizontalis’. Photo by Bömer, Netherlands. (33) 7Ginkgo biloba ‘Hettich’. Photos by Orlóci László, Hungary. (66, 103, 106) 325

Ginkgo biloba ‘Jehosepat’. Photo by Harold Greer, Ginkgo biloba ‘Katlan’. Photo by Orlóci László, USA. (2) Hungary. (106) ? 12 8 ? 10 Ginkgo biloba 6 ‘Korinek’. Photos ? by Dušan Horák, Czech Republic. Ginkgo biloba ‘Kew’. Photo by Rich's Foxwillow Pines Nursery, Woodstock, USA. (102) (55)326

5Ginkgo biloba ‘Jade Butterfly’. Photo by Ender Stewart, USA. (41) Ginkgo biloba ‘Jade Butterfly’. Photos by Tood Schaner, USA. (104) Ginkgo biloba ‘Leiden’. Photo by Plantentuin Esveld, Boskoop (Dirk and Cor van Gelderen), Netherlands. (21, 26) 3 ??Ginkgo biloba ‘Kristina’. Photo by Dax Herbst, USA. (72) 327

328

Ginkgo biloba ‘Majestic Butterfly’. Photos by Tood Schaner, USA. (104) Ginkgo biloba ‘Magyar’. Photo by Dax Herbst, USA. (72, 107) Left down.? 18Ginkgo biloba ‘Magyar’. Photo by Bömer, Netherlands. (33) 329

2-3 Ginkgo biloba ‘Mariken’ in autumn. Photo by M. Savorich. (54)330

Ginkgo biloba ‘Mariken’. Photo by Dušan Horák, Ginkgo biloba ‘Mariken’. Photo by Arboretum Czech Republic. (55) Žampach, Czech Republic. (78) Ginkgo biloba ‘Mariken’. Photo by Plantentuin Esveld, Boskoop (Dirk and Cor van Gelderen), Netherlands. (21, 26) Ginkgo biloba ‘Mariken’ (’Marikin’ ?). Photo by Harold Greer, USA. (2)Ginkgo biloba ‘Mariken’. Photo by Bruce Jordan, Big Plant Nursery, UK. (33) 331

Ginkgo biloba ‘Ohazuki’ (‘Ohatsuki’, ‘Epiphylla’, ‘Ohasuki’, ‘Ohazaki’) in Lečenec, Slovakia. Photo by Pavel Hrubík-Katarína Ražná, Nitra, Slovakia. (Left). This tree is a unique 'Ohatsuki' old Ginkgo tree outside Asia (Japan, China). Age: 150-200 years. Height: 19 m (7.5 f.). ? 4.5 ? Ginkgo biloba ‘Ohazuki’ (‘Ohatsuki’, ‘Epiphylla’, ‘Ohasuki’, ‘Ohazaki’). Photo by Plantentuin Esveld, Boskoop (Dirk and Cor van Gelderen), Netherlands. (21, 26) Ginkgo biloba ‘Pendula’. Photo by Bömer, 8 Netherlands. (33b) Down.332

Ginkgo Ginkgo biloba biloba ‘Pendula’. Photo ‘Pendula’ (young by Rich'splant). (54) Foxwillow Pines Nursery, Woodstock, USA. (102) Ginkgo biloba ‘Pendula’. Photo by Trompenburg Tuinen & Arboretum, Rotterdam, Netherlands. (12, 26) 8 Ginkgo biloba ‘Pendula Rowe’.Photo by Rich's Foxwillow Pines Nursery, Woodstock, USA. (102) 333

Up: Ginkgo biloba ‘Pragensis’ (or ‘Praga’). (78) In Botanic Gardens 3 of Carls University in Prague. Photo by Luděk Grätz, CzechRepublic. Down: Arboretum Žampach, Czech Republic. See p. 348.334

Ginkgo biloba ‘Pendula pragensis’ (or ‘Praga’). This is Czech version of ‘Horizontalis’ ?. Photos by Arboretum Žampach, Czech Republic. (78) Left up: 1992. 17 Ginkgo biloba ‘PrincetonGinkgo biloba ‘Princeton Sentry’. Photo by H. Sentry’ Greer, USA. (2) (leaves, detail). Photo by Plantentuin Esveld, Boskoop (Dirk and Cor van Gelderen), Netherlands. (21, 26) 335

Ginkgo biloba ‘Robbie’s Twist’. Photos by Tood Schaner, USA. (104) 12 Ginkgo biloba ‘Saratoga’. Photo by Rich's Foxwillow Pines Nursery, Woodstock, USA. (102) Ginkgo biloba ‘Saratoga’. (21, 26) 5 Ginkgo biloba ‘Saratoga’. Photo by Edwin Smits, ? Netherlands. (56) Ginkgo biloba ‘Ross Moore’. Photos by Tood Schaner, USA. (83)336

Ginkgo biloba ‘Saratoga’. Photo by Arboretum Žampach, Czech Republic. (78) 15 Ginkgo biloba ‘Saratoga’. Photo by Tood Schaner, USA. (104) Ginkgo biloba ‘Spring Grove’. Photos by Ender Stewart, USA. (2)Ginkgo biloba ‘Spring Grove’. Photo by Ender 2 Stewart, USA. (41) 337

3 Ginkgo biloba ‘Summer Rainbow’. Photos by Tood Schaner, USA. (83, 104) Ginkgo biloba ‘Shangri-La’. Photo by Rich's Foxwillow Pines Nursery, Woodstock, USA. (102) 13338

Ginkgo biloba ‘Tit’. Photo by Dušan Horák, Ginkgo biloba ‘Tit’. Photo by by W. Rutten, Leende, Czech Republic. (55) Netherlands. (33b) 3 ?Ginkgo biloba ‘Tit’. Photo by Plantentuin Esveld, Ginkgo biloba ‘Thelma’. Photo by Boskoop (Dirk and Cor van Gelderen), Rich's Foxwillow Pines Nursery, Woodstock, USA. Netherlands. (21, 26) (102) 339

Ginkgo biloba ‘Thelma’. Photo by Edwin Smits, Netherlands. (56) 3Ginkgo biloba ‘Todd’s Dwarf’. Photo by Harold 8 Greer, USA. (2) Ginkgo biloba ‘Tremonia’. Photo by Dušan Horák, 2 Czech Republic. (55)340

Ginkgo biloba ‘Troll’. Photo by Dušan Horák, Czech Republic. (55)Ginkgo biloba ‘Troll’. (63) 1.5 ? Ginkgo biloba ‘Troll’. Photo by Edwin Smits, Netherlands. (56) Ginkgo biloba ‘Tubifolia’. Photo by Bruce Jordan, UK. (63) Ginkgo biloba ‘Tubifolia’. Photo by Arboretum Žampach, Czech Republic. (78)Ginkgo biloba ‘Tubifolia’. (78) 3 341

Ginkgo biloba ‘Variegata’. (83) Maybe ‘White Variegata’ (?). Photo by Tood Schaner, USA.Ginkgo biloba ‘Variegata’. (83) Maybe ‘White Ginkgo biloba ‘Variegata’. Photo by Bömer, Variegata’ (?) Netherlands. (33) 2.5 Ginkgo biloba ‘Variegata’. Photo by Bruce Jordan, UK. (63)342

Ginkgo biloba ‘Variegata’. Photo by Edwin Smits, Netherlands. (56)Ginkgo biloba ‘Variegata’. Photo by Dušan Horák, Czech Republic. (55) Ginkgo biloba ‘Variegata’. Right and right up:photos by Arboretum Žampach, Czech Republic. (78) 343

Left: Ginkgo biloba ‘Weeping Wonder’. Photo by Rich's Foxwillow Pines Nursery, Woodstock, USA. (102) ? 7Ginkgo biloba ‘Wiener Walzer’ (‘Hettich’) in Winter. Photo by Orlóci László, Hungary. (66, 103, 106) 2.5 Ginkgo biloba ‘WB’ (‘Witches Broom’). Photo by Edwin Smits, Netherlands. (56)344

Ginkgo biloba ‘Yellow Dragon’. This is new form of cultivar 'Variegata' (?). Photo by Edwin Smits, Netherlands. (56) ? 345

(A) Frank S. Santamour, Jr., Shan-an He, coat is first cracked and removed and the thin and Alice Jacot McArdle, 1983. Checklist paper-like inner layer can be peeled after a brief soaking in hot water. After peeling, the seed may of cultivated ginkgo be boiled for 10 or 15 minutes or roasted, with oil, in a pan. Ginkgo seeds are usually used in (Quotes reprinted from Journal of Arboriculture 9 (3): desserts, especially in sweet soups with Chinese March 1983, p. 88-92) dates (Zizyphus jujuba Mill.). Even though it is not \"probably the most Maunsell Van Rensselaer, Director (1951-esteemed street tree in this country\" as stated by 1966) of the Saratoga Horticultural Foundation,Li (3), Ginkgo biloba L. has proved to be a Saratoga, California, was a champion of ginkgo inreasonably useful tree for planting in urban areas the United States. Many of the cultivars in thisof the United States. Its reputation as a checklist were only known from the test plots of\"troublefree\" tree is based more on the myth that that Foundation, although some plants didthis classical monotypic \"living fossil\" should have \"escape\" into arboreta, and many names wereno pests than on valid scientific observation. While contained in a survey made by the Americanthere are no dramatic defoliations, wilts, or blights Horticultural Society. We are indebted to Mr. Barriethat befall ginkgo, there must be reasons for the D. Coate, Director of Horticulture at thebreakage of main trunks and premature tree death Foundation, for data on these cultivars. Thethat have been observed. Saratoga Horticultural Foundation does not propagate or sell any ginkgo cultivars at the Ginkgo is native to eastern China, most present time.likely in an area of southern Anhui and northernZhejiang provinces just north of the 30th parallel The U.S. National Arboretum, as temporary(3). International Registration Authority for unassigned genera of woody plants, has assumed the Whether any truly \"wild\" trees have existed responsibility of preparing authoritative cultivarin the past 100 years is a matter of debate. It is, checklists of important landscape tree genera inhowever, a fallacy that the preservation of the accordance with the provisions of the Internationalspecies was the result of its significance in the Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (1).Buddhist religion (3). Cultivars selected and grown for fruit production in the People's Republic of China are listed in a Ginkgo was probably introduced to Japan separate section and, we believe, are publishedmore than a thousand years ago, and, in fact, the here for the first time in any language other thanname \"ginkgo\" is of Japanese origin. The tree was Chinese pictographs.introduced into Europe about 1 730, to England in1754, and to the United States, from England, in Although Ginkgo biloba L. is currently the1784. accepted scientific name for this species, the English botanist J.E. Smith considered the name Ginkgo is generally considered to be \"uncouth and barbarous\" and renamed it Salisburiadioecious, with individual trees being either male adiantifolia in 1797. Some of the earliest ginkgoor female. Monoecious trees, having flowers of cultivars were selected and named under thisboth sexes, have been reported (5), and our own botanical epithet. It is of great interest that therestudy of sex expression in ginkgo will be the are virtually no ginkgo cultivars presently in thesubject of a separate paper. The production of fruit nursery trade that exhibit well-formed open crownsand viable seed by isolated \"female\" trees has also with evenly spaced branches. Such trees do exist,been noted (4). and some nurseries have attempted their propagation. However, trees propagated from The pulp of the fruit of ginkgo produces an lateral branches or branch buds often continue toodor, mainly from butyric acid, that may be develop as branches rather than assume anconsidered drsagreeable or obnoxious. Therefore, upright habit. Until we can solve these propagationmale cultivars have been selected for planting in problems, we will not be able to utilize the bestWestern countries. In the Orient, however, germplasm in this species.particularly in the People's Republic of China, theseed of the ginkgo is a prized food delicacy, and As in previous checklists (6, and others),female cultivars have been selected for larger seed VALID CULTIVAR names are given in boldfaceand abundant fruit production. capitals and INVALID CULTIVAR names in lightface capitals. The translation of the Chinese name forginkgo (yinxing) is \"silver apricot\" and the seeds .....(See table - pages 284-313 this book)are indeed edible. In China, the fruits areharvested by beating them down with a bamboo Chinese Cultivarspole in October or November, when they havebecome brownish yellow. They are kept in a M.C. Tsen in 1935 (7) was perhaps the firstcontainer or piled in some cool place outdoors until Chinese botanist to attempt a scientificthe pulp ferments. It is best to wear plastic or classification of the various cultivated types ofrubber gloves when handling the fruit at this stage, ginkgo. He proposed three botanical varieties,since the pulp contains a skin irritant not unlike under which the cultivated types could bethat in poison ivy. The seeds are removed from the categorized: (a) var. typica, the Meihe-Yinxingpulp by stirring or agitating in water and washing group or plum-stone shaped ginkgo, with roundthem clean of pulp. The cleaned seeds are what issold in the market as food. Ginkgo seeds must be cooked, boiled orroasted, before they are eaten. The outer seed346

fruit; (b) var. huana, the Fushon-Yinxing group or C. Maling-Yinxing — horse's-bell shapedfinger citron ginkgo, with elliptic or oblong fruit; ginkgo.and (c) var. apiculata, the Maling-Yinxing orhorse's-bell shaped ginkgo, with a fruit shape DAMALING - large horse's bell (7, 10, 12).intermediate between the other two, and with a LONGYAN - dragon's eye (2, 11).small apicula on the top of the fruit. HUANGPIGUO - yellow peel fruit (8, 10).The Latin epithets for the botanical varieties QINGPIGUO - green peel fruit (8, 10).erected by Tsen are invalid because Latin XIMALING - small horse's bell (7, 1 2).diagnoses were not provided, but the Chinese ZHONGMAUNG - medium horse's bell (7, 10, 12).group names for these varieties are very usefuland have been followed by subsequent authors. Literature CitedThe cultivar names proposed by Tsen and othersare hereby validated, according to the Code (1), by 1. Brickell, CD., A.F. Kelly, F. Schneider, and E.G.transliteration into the Roman alphabet, i.e., Voss. 1980. International Code of NomenclaturePinyin. The authority for each cultivar name does, for Cultivated Plants — 1980. Regnum Vegetabilehowever, remain with the first published work. Vol. 104, 32 p.Because of the very detailed descriptions for valid 2. He, Feng-ren and You-wei Zhao. 1957.cultivars that exist in the Chinese literature, our Investigation of Ginkgo in Taixing county. Bull.descriptions in the listing that follows will be much North-Jiangsu Agric. Coll. 1: 39-51 (In Chinese).abbreviated, or even limited to a translation of the 3. Li, Hui-lin. 1 963. The origin and cultivation ofcultivar name. shade and ornamental trees. Univ. Penna. Press, 282 p.A. Meihe-Yinxing - plum-stone shaped ginkgo. 4. Meehan, T. 1882. Fruiting of Ginkgo biloba. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, p. 9-10.DAMEIHE -large plum stone (7, 10, 11). 5. Miyoshi, M. 1931. Merkwurdige Ginkgo biloba inMIANHUAGUO - cotton-fruit like; often with twin Japan. Mtt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. 43: 21-22.fruit (8, 10). 6. Santamour, Frank S., Jr. and Alice Jacot McArdle.NANHUIWUXIN - Nanhui inembryonate; fruit 1982. Checklist of cultivated maples. I. Acerwithout embryos (11). rubrum L. J. Arboric. 8: 110-112.SUANPANGUO - abacus-bead like (8, 10). 7. Tsen, M.C. 1935. Ginkgo in Zhuji county,TONGZIGUO - tung-tree fruit like (8, 10). Zhejiang province. Hortus 1; 157-165 (InXIMEIHE - small plum stone (7, 12). Chinese).YUANZHU - round beads. There is some question 8. Tsen, M.(C.) 1960. Ginkgo. In Fruit Culture ofwhether this is a collective name for several China, Fruit Tree Inst, Chinese Agric. Acad.,cultivars with round fruit. We are considering it a Agricultural Press, p. 742-757 (In Chinese).valid group name with the described variations 9. Tsen, M.(C.) and 11 others. 1960. Fruit Trees inprobably derived from this cultivar; DAYUANZHU - Dongtingshan Mountain, Taihu Lake Area. Nanjinglarge round beads, XIAOYUANZHU - small round Bot. Gard. Mem. Sun Yat-Sen, Academica Sinica,beads, YAPIGUYUANZHU - duck's buttocks (9, 11). 48 p. (In Chinese). 10. Yu, Te-Tsun. 1979. Fruit Tree Taxonomy ofB. Fushon-Yinxing - finger citron shaped China, Agricultural Press, p. 274-276 (In Chinese).ginkgo. 11. Zao, Dao-xun, Jia-xi Wang, and Yu-he Zhang. 1964. A Comprehensive study on Fruit Trees inCHANGBING-FUSHON - long petiole finger citron Jiangsu Province, Shanghai Sci. and Technol.(7, 8, 10, 12). Press, p. 154-157 (In Chinese).DAFUSHON - large finger citron (9, 11). 12. Zhang, Mian-xin. 1960. Illustrated DescriptionDONGTINGHUANG - King of Dongtingshan of Main Fruit Trees in China, Shanghai Sci. andMountain, fruit largest, 500-year-old tree is 16 Technol. Press, p. 187-196 (In Chinese).meters tall (8, 9, 10, 11).FUZI - Buddha's finger (2, 11). Respectively' Research Geneticist, Visiting Scholar,GANLAN-FUSHON - Chinese olive-like finger and Biological Technician, U.S. Nationalcitron (8, 10). Arboretum, USDA Agricultural Research Service,JIAFUSHON - domestic finger citron (2, 8, 10) = Washington, D.C. Professor He is Deputy Director,DAFUZI, large Buddha's finger. Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen,JIANCHU - sharp pestle; poor quality (7). Nanjing, People's Republic of China.JIANGHO-FUSHON - sharp-top finger citron (7,12).JINGUO-FUSHON - golden-fruited finger citron(7, 8, 10, 12).LUANGUO-FUSHON - ovate-fruited finger citron(7, 8, 10, 12).XIAO-FUSHON - small finger citron (9, 11).YUANDI-FUSHON - round-bottom finger citron;superior type (7, 8, 11, 12).ZAOZI-FUSHON - Chinese date-like finger citron;name reported (8, 10) but without description. 347

Ginkgo biloba 'Praga' (or 'Pragensis') in Botanic Gardens of Carls University in Prague. Photo by Jan Purkrábek, Czech Republic.348