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9th-Standard-Kerala-Padavali-Textbook-mallutech.com

Published by nefyekokne, 2022-04-25 19:53:30

Description: 9th-Standard-Kerala-Padavali-Textbook-mallutech.com

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ae-bmfw Ãm≥tU¿Uv IX \\ã ku`mKy§Ä UnPnä sSIvÌv _p¡v Xbm-dm-°n-bXv {ipXn Fkv æamÀ 2022

tZio-b-Km\\w P\\KWa\\ A[n\\mbI Pbtl `mcX `mKyhn[mXm, ]©m_kn‘p KpPdmØ admTm {ZmhnU DXv°e _wKm, hn‘ylnamNe bap\\mKwKm, D—ePe[nXcwKm, Xhip`\\mta PmtK, Xhip` Binj amtK, Kmtl Xh PbKmYm P\\KWawKeZmbI Pbtl `mcX `mKyhn[mXm. Pbtl, Pbtl, Pbtl, Pb Pb Pb Pbtl! {]Xn⁄ C¥y Fs‚ cmPyamWv. F√m C¥y°mcpw Fs‚ ktlmZco ktlmZc∑mcmWv. Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPysØ kv-t\\ln°p∂p; kºq¿Whpw sshhn[y ]q¿Whpamb AXns‚ ]mcºcyØn¬ Rm≥ A`nam\\wsIm≈p∂p. Rm≥ Fs‚ amXm]nXm°sfbpw Kpcp°∑mscbpw apXn¿∂hscbpw _lpam\\n°pw. Rm≥ Fs‚ cmPyØns‚bpw Fs‚ \\m´pImcpsSbpw t£aØn\\pw sFizcyØn\\pw th≠n {]bXv\\n°pw.

`mc-X-Øns‚ `c-W-L-S\\ `mKw IV I auenI I¿Ø-hy-߃ 51 I. auenI I¿Ø-hy-߃ ˛ Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂h `mc-X-Ønse Hmtcm ]uc-s‚bpw I¿Øhyw Bbn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv: (I) `c-W-L-S-\\sb A\\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw AXns‚ BZ¿i-ß-sfbpw ÿm]-\\-ß-sfbpw tZiob]XmI- s- bbpw tZiobKm\\s- Øbpw BZc- n°- pI- bpw sNøpI; (J) kzmX{- ¥yØ- n\\- pt- h≠- nb- p≈ \\ΩpsS tZiobkac- Ø- n\\v {]tNmZ- \\w \\¬Inb al\\- ob- m- Z¿iß- sf ]cnt- ]mj- n∏- n°- pI- bpw ]n≥XpS- c- pI- bpw sNøpI; (K) `mcX- Ø- ns‚ ]ca- m[- nI- mc- hpw sFIyhpw AJfi- X- bpw \\ne\\- n¿ØpI- bpw kwc£- n°- p- Ibpw sNøpI; (L) cmPysØ ImØpk- q£- n°- pI- bpw tZiob tkh\\w A\\pj- vTn°- ph- m≥ Bhiys- ∏S- pt- ºmƒ A\\pj- vTn°- pI- bpw sNøpI; (M) aX]- c- hpw `mjm]- c- hpw {]mtZi- nI- hpw hn`mK- ob- h- pa- mb sshhn[- yß- ƒ°XoX- a- mbn `mc- XØ- nse F√m P\\ß- ƒ°pa- nS- b- n¬, kulm¿Zhpw s]mXph- mb kmtlmZ- c- ya- t- \\m`- mh- hpw ]pe¿ØpI- . kv{XoIf- psS A¥ - n\\v Ipdhp hcpØ- p∂ BNmc- ß- ƒ ]cnX- yP- n°- pI; (N) \\ΩpsS kwkvImc- ka\\- zbØ- ns‚ kº∂- a- mb ]mcº- c- ysØ hnea- X- n°- pI- bpw \\ne\\- nd- p- ØpI- bpw sNøpI; (O) h\\ß- fpw XSmI- ß- fpw \\ZnI- fpw h\\yPoh- nI- fpw Dƒs∏S- p∂ {]IrXym D≈ ]cnÿ- nXn kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw A`n-hr-≤n-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Pohn-I-tfmSv ImcpWyw ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI; (P) imkv{Xob- a- mb ImgvN∏- mSpw am\\h- nI- X- bpw, At\\zj- W- Ø- n\\pw ]cnjvIcWØn\\pw D≈ at\\m`- mh- hpw hnIk- n∏- n°- pI; (Q) s]mXpk- zØv ]cnc- £- n°- pI- bpw i]Yw sNbvXv A{Iaw Dt]£- n°- pI- bpw sNøpI; (R) cmjv{Sw bXv\\Ø- ns- ‚bpw e£y{- ]m]- vXnb- ps- Sbpw D∂X- X- e- ß- f- nt- e°v \\nc¥cw Dbc- Ø- - °h- Æw hy‡n]- c- hpw Iq´mb- X- pa- mb {]h¿Ø\\- Ø- ns‚ F√m afie- ß- f- nepw D¬Ir- jvSX- b- v°pt- h≠n A[zm\\- n°- pI- . (S) Bdn\\pw ]Xn-\\m-en\\pw CSbv°v {]mb-ap≈ Xs‚ Ip´nt°m Xs‚ kwc-£-W-bn-ep≈ Ip´nI- ƒt°m, AXXp kwKXn t]mse, amXm]- nX- m°- tfm c£mI¿Ømthm hnZym`- ymk- - Øn\\- p≈ Ahk- c- ß- ƒ G¿s∏S- pØ- pI- .

1 \\ã ku`mKy§Ä

1 æän¸pdw ]mew



tIcf]- mT- mh- en D®nç«sâ temIw HºXva ebmfw







tIcf]- mT- mh- en CStÈcn tKmhnµ³ \\mbÀ (1906þ1974) Fgp-Øp-Imsc Adn-bpI æän¸pds¯ CStÈcn Xdhm«n P\\n¨p. Hu]NmcnI hnZym`ymk¯në tijw h¡o KpakvX\\mbn ]cnioe\\w t\\Sn. 1929 apX 1974 hsc \\m審p hÀjw \\o- ImhyPohnXabnêì At±l¯ntâXv. Idp¯ sNSnN«nIÄ,]p¯³Iehpw Acnhmfpw,]qX¸m«v,]WnapS¡w,s]§Ä,\\menXĸqhv apXemb ap¶qtdmfw IhnXIfpw Iq«pIrjn F¶ \\mSIhpamWv {][m\\ IrXnIÄ. \\´\\mÀ (1926þ1974) ae¸pdw PnÃbnse A§mSn¸pd¯p P\\n¨p. bYmÀ° t]cv ]n.kn.tKm]e³. Bßmhnsâ t\\mhepIÄ,Aë`qXnIfpsS temIw,aªs¡«nSw,D®nç«sâ temIw, Aë`h§Ä, Adnbs¸Sm¯ aëjy PohnIÄ XpS§nb t\\mhepIfpw tXmçIÄ¡nSbnse PohnXw,\\njvIf¦XbpsS Bßmhv XpS§nb IYmkamlmc§fpw FgpXn.


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