Smart3 3 Student's Book sampler

Contents Lesson Page Introduction & Meet Mike, Jack, Helen and Kate 4 Unit 1 People 8 1 What’s your name? Grammar: subject pronouns, to be – affirmative 10 Vocabulary: family members, matching statements and responses 12 14 2 New friends Grammar: to be – negative, question, short answers 16 Vocabulary: adjectives 18 3 Interesting jobs Grammar: articles Vocabulary: jobs, job-related words 4 Singers, actors & musicians Grammar: plurals (regular and irregular) Vocabulary: word groups 5 Family photos Grammar: prepositions of place Vocabulary: holiday-related and special occasion-related words, odd one out Review 1 (Lessons 1-5) 20 Writing 1 22 Unit 2 Appearance 24 6 Fancy dress Grammar: there is / there are 26 Vocabulary: adjectives describing appearance, fancy dress costumes 28 30 7 I’ve got the looks. Grammar: have got – affirmative, negative, question, short answers 32 Vocabulary: the face and body 8 Shopping for clothes Grammar: demonstratives Vocabulary: word groups, adjectives describing clothes 9 Old clothes Grammar: possessive ’s, whose and who’s Vocabulary: text-related words Review 2 (Lessons 6-9) & Project 1 34 Writing 2 36 Unit 3 Home 38 10 My home Grammar: possessive adjectives, possessive pronouns 40 Vocabulary: homes 42 44 11 A great town Grammar: present simple – affirmative, prepositions of time 46 Vocabulary: places, matching places and activities 48 12 I don’t like my room! Grammar: present simple – negative 50 Vocabulary: rooms, furniture 52 54 13 Do you live in a city? Grammar: present simple – question, short answers 56 Vocabulary: text-related words, countries and languages 58 60 14 Housework Grammar: adverbs of frequency 62 Vocabulary: matching verbs and nouns, odd one out 64 Review 3 (Lessons 10-14) 66 Writing 3 Unit 4 Animals 15 A story Grammar: adverbs, too and enough Vocabulary: opposites 16 Animals in the wild Grammar: present continuous – affirmative Vocabulary: odd one out, weather 17 At the vet’s Grammar: present continuous – negative, question, short answers Vocabulary: odd one out 18 Looking for a home Grammar: present simple and present continuous Vocabulary: odd one out Review 4 (Lessons 15-18) & Project 2 Writing 4

Lesson Page Unit 5 School 68 70 19 The French test Grammar: can (ability) 72 Vocabulary: classroom objects, matching statements and responses 74 76 20 Different schools Grammar: can (permission) 78 Vocabulary: school subjects, confusing words 80 21 Windleton School Grammar: must 82 Vocabulary: text-related words, phrases with have and make 84 86 22 School tips Grammar: the imperative, let’s 88 Vocabulary: matching statements 90 92 23 A lesson Grammar: object pronouns Vocabulary: text-related words 94 96 Review 5 (Lessons 19-23) 98 100 Writing 5 102 104 Unit 6 Sport and Leisure 106 108 24 FIlms Grammar: past simple – to be Vocabulary: film-related words 110 112 25 Hobbies Grammar: past simple (regular verbs) – affirmative 114 Vocabulary: hobbies 116 118 26 Fantastic sports Grammar: past simple (irregular verbs) – affirmative 120 Vocabulary: phrases with play and go, confusing words 122 27 Quiz show Grammar: past simple – negative, question, short answers 124 Vocabulary: making phrases, sport-related words 126 128 Review 6 (Lessons 24-27) & Project 3 132 Writing 6 Unit 7 Food and Drink 28 A picnic Grammar: some and any Vocabulary: food and drink, odd one out 29 A recipe Grammar: countable and uncountable nouns Vocabulary: healthy and unhealthy food, quantity-related words 30 Restaurants Grammar: lots of / a lot of, a few, a little Vocabulary: confusing words, meals 31 Let’s make a cake! Grammar: how much and how many Vocabulary: senses 32 Healthy food Grammar: comparative (short and long adjectives) Vocabulary: fruit, vegetables and meat Review 7 (Lessons 28-32) Writing 7 Unit 8 Travel 33 Seeing the world Grammar: superlative Vocabulary: transport, word groups 34 A long journey Grammar: be going to Vocabulary: places 35 Holidays in the future Grammar: future simple Vocabulary: travel-related words 36 Let’s go camping! Grammar: question words Vocabulary: text-related words Review 8 (Lessons 33-36) & Project 4 Writing 8 Plays Irregular verbs

UNIT 1 People 8

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1 What’s your name? Reading UNIT 1 A Read the dialogue. How old is Kate’s grandma? 1. In the playground 1 Helen: Hi! I’m Helen. What’s your name? Kate: Kate. Helen: Are you new? Kate: Yes, I am. And I’m lost! Helen: Let’s see your timetable ... Class 3C. You’re in my class! Come on, we’re late! 2. In the school canteen 2 3. At Helen’s house Helen: Tell me about your family. Kate: Well, my sisters are twins. Helen: Really? Kate: Yes, they’re sixteen years old. Helen: How old are you? Kate: I’m fourteen. Helen: What about your mum and dad? Kate: Mum’s 42. She’s an opera singer, and Dad’s 48. He’s a clothes designer. Helen: Wow! 3 Helen: Mum, this is Kate. Mrs Ford: Hello, Kate! Pleased to meet you! Kate: Hello, Mrs Ford. Helen: And this is my grandma. She’s very old – she’s ninety! Kate: Wow! My grandma is only seventy-two. Parrot: Me too! Kate: Who’s that? Helen: That’s Charlie. He’s a parrot. Parrot: Pleased to meet you, Kate. Helen: He’s a very clever parrot! B Circle the correct words. 1 Helen / Kate is new at school. 2 Helen and Kate are in Class 3C / 4C. 3 Kate’s brothers / sisters are twins. 4 Helen’s grandma is seventy-two / ninety. 5 Charlie is a parrot / person. 10

Vocabulary Polly A Write the numbers next to the words. a aunt .......... b brother .......... 12 c dad .......... d grandma .......... e sister .......... uncle grandpa mum cousin 5 34 B Match. 1 Hello, I’m Christine. a Me too! 2 I’m in Class 2A. b Let’s see. 3 Charlie is a parrot! c Come on! 4 This is my timetable. d Pleased to meet you. 5 We’re late! e Really? Grammar You’re a good cat , Archie! Listening It’s a big Listen and write the ages. fish! 1 Mum .......... 2 Dad .......... 3 Grandma .......... 4 Grandpa .......... Subject Pronouns 5 brother .......... Subject pronouns show who or what does something. 6 sister .......... I / you / he / she / it we / you / they A Write subject pronouns. Speaking 1 Helen .......... Ask your partner questions about his/her 2 dad .......... age. Then ask questions about people in 3 John and I .......... his/her family. 4 grandma and grandpa .......... 5 school .......... How old are you? I’m … 6 you and Paula .......... To Be How old is your …? He’s/She’s … To be is a verb we use to describe people and things. Affirmative I am (I’m) we are (we’re) Pronunciation you are (you’re) you are (you’re) he/she/it is (he’s/she’s/it’s) they are (they’re) Listen and circle the numbers you hear. Now say all the numbers. B Complete the sentences with am, are or is. 1 13 / 30 4 16 / 60 1 Grandpa ............ sixty-eight years old. 2 14 / 40 5 17 / 70 2 The brothers ............ twins. 3 15 / 50 6 18 / 80 3 We ............ lost! 4 I ............ new at this school. 5 It ............ a cat. 6 Aunt Jane ............ a singer. Smart aunt brother clever cousin grandma UNIT 1 11 WORDS grandpa sister timetable twins uncle

2 New friends UNIT 1 Reading A Read the e-mail. Who is Billy? E-mail To: Trevor Subject: New e-mail friend! Send From: Sam HMMIpaW’HBimrnyytieohldhlrngbayaeeiraittrrb’iams’s’etssminhga!eyv’dmtfoepiaasvurieyncyerS’tisroauisfnyaimfrAntvehTeroaSaamrouyeepnfrlspspdomittttyirreeInoe’iSmmgnpnww.grbtyoWiiheftHogther.hur.igaSmparHhmhtinocy.eaetmwI’dubtsw’aerosoced?euolgd-btoarmeeaynl.aocradMeatui.lmu?yyfIstroyWfe’isueachv?nhaaoedbot,u’!o’ssBruIai’yitmtlfoelrycua.theireWdliellfdeavoervve’ferionswenuioyaoarenitntteaearor!sssuiconrhlgbdoeo.ora?lt. E-mail me soon. Bye for now! Sam Wilkinson B Write yes or no. 1 Is Sam twelve years old? 2 Is Sam’s birthday in November? 3 Is Sam a fan of Taylor Swift? 4 Is Armstrong High an interesting programme? 5 Is Billy happy in the picture? 12

Vocabulary To Be Short answers Question Complete the sentences with these words. afraid great happy interesting new Am I ...? Yes, I am. No, I’m not. Are you ...? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. 1 I’m a fan of Ariana Grande. She’s Is he/she/it ...? Yes, he/she/it is. No, he/she/it isn’t. ............................ . Are we ...? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t. Are you ...? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. 2 I’m not ............................ of snakes. Are they ...? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. 3 My dad’s ............................ because he’s on his B Complete the questions and answers. boat. 4 This is my ............................ bike. It’s a birthday 1 .................... Tom and Mike friends? Yes, they are. present. 2 Is Billy a dog? 5 Animal Planet is an ............................ programme. No, he .................... . 3 .................... you and Mum happy? Grammar Yes, we are. 4 Are you ten years old? Ha, ha! No, I’m .................... . Are you afraid 5 .................... school interesting? of mice, Archie? No, it isn’t. It isn’t funny! To Be Speaking Negative I am not (I’m not) Put the words in the correct order to make questions. you are not (you aren’t) Write them in your notebook. Now ask and answer the he/she/it is not (he/she/it isn’t) questions with your partner. we are not (we aren’t) you are not (you aren’t) Is your school big? Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. they are not (they aren’t) 1 big / your school / is A Correct the sentences. Use the negative 2 a fan of / you / are / Taylor Swift 3 in March / your birthday / is short form of to be. Write the sentences in 4 afraid of / dogs / you / are your notebook. 5 Friends / programme / is / your favourite 2 It’s a dog. Writing 1 It’s a new boat. You want to write back to Sam. Complete the e-mail. 3 It’s a big ball. E-mail 4 They’re sixteen years old. 5 He’s happy. Hi there! Thank you for your e-mail. I’m (1) ........................... years old. My birthday’s in (2) ........................... . I’m a fan of (3) ........................... and my favourite television programme is (4) ........................... . It’s (5) ........................... . E-mail me soon. Bye for now! (6) ........................... Smart afraid birthday fan favourite friend WORDS great happy interesting new programme UNIT 1 13

3 Interesting jobs Reading UNIT 1 A Read the interviews from a school magazine Unit 1 and match the people with their jobs. 1 Adam a teacher 2 Daisy b astronaut 3 Joe c actor Reporter: Hello. What’s your name? Joe: Joe Lane. Reporter: And what is your job? Joe: I’m a teacher at a secondary school in Manchester. Reporter: How old are the children in your class? Joe: Thirteen years old. Reporter: Are they good pupils? Joe: Sometimes! Reporter: Oh dear! Are you a strict teacher? Joe: Yes! Reporter: Thank you, Joe. Reporter: I’m on the phone to Adam Sanders. Adam, your job is really exciting, isn’t it? Adam: Yes, it is. I’m an astronaut. Reporter: Is it a dangerous job? Adam: Yes, it is sometimes. Reporter: Are you in space now? Adam: Yes. I’m in a rocket with nine other people. We’re on our way to the moon. Reporter: Wow! Aren’t you afraid, Adam? Adam: No, I’m not. Reporter: Well, you’re very brave. Take care! Reporter: Daisy Watson is an actor. Hello Daisy. Daisy: Hi. Reporter: Is your job interesting? B Who says these things? Tick (3). Daisy: Yes, it is. But it’s hard too. Joe Adam Daisy Reporter: Are you indoors or outdoors most 1 My job is dangerous. of the time? 2 I’m on television. 3 My pupils are thirteen years old. Daisy: Indoors – I’m in the studio every 4 My job is hard. 5 I’m not afraid. day. 6 I’m in a funny programme. Reporter: Are you on television or in films? 14 Daisy: I’m on television. I’m in a programme about two families. Reporter: Is it funny or serious? Daisy: It’s very funny. Reporter: Well, good luck with it! Daisy: Thanks.

Vocabulary a c d A Match. b The actor in e this film isn’t 1 taxi driver ...... 2 astronaut ...... very good. 3 hairdresser ...... 4 teacher ...... 5 doctor ...... 6 dentist ...... 7 photographer ...... 8 waiter ...... g The Definite Article h The definite article the is used to talk about f specific things or people. It goes before singular and plural nouns beginning with any letter. B Which jobs do the words below go with? Write A for He’s on his way to the moon. astronaut, D for dentist, H for hairdresser, T for taxi The astronauts on that rocket are very brave. driver or W for waiter. B Complete the sentences with a, an or the. • car ....... • cut ....... • hair ....... • menu ....... • moon ....... • painful ....... • rocket ....... 1 You are ........ good photographer. • restaurant ....... • teeth ....... • traffic ....... 2 My mum isn’t ........ actor. 3 Is ........ school old or new? 4 Mr Lane is ........ strict teacher. 5 ........ programme on TV at six o’clock is funny. 6 ........ teachers at my school are very strict. Grammar Listening What’s your job, Archie? That isn’t a job! Listen and write the letters. I’m a cat. 1 hairdresser .......... 4 waiter .......... 2 dentist .......... 5 teacher .......... 3 taxi driver .......... Speaking The Indefinite Article What’s the job? Ask your partner questions and The indefinite article a/an is used to talk about things or guess his/her job. Use these words to help you. people in general. A goes before singular nouns (or adjectives and nouns) dangerous Are you ...? Is your job ...? that begin with a consonant (b, c, d, etc). hard She is a dentist. indoors Are you a/an ...? It’s a funny magazine. interesting An goes before singular nouns (or adjectives and nouns) outdoors that begin with a vowel (a, e, i, o or u). Are you an actor? Pronunciation It’s an interesting programme. Listen and repeat. Can you hear A Write a or an. 4 ........ magazine the difference? 5 ........ funny film 1 ........ good job 6 ........ interview 1 the pupil 3 the astronaut 2 ........ astronaut 2 the hairdresser 4 the interview 3 ........ e-mail Smart actor brave dangerous dentist hairdresser WORDS job pupil strict taxi driver waiter UNIT 1 15

4 Singers, actors & musicians Darren UNIT 1 Unit 1 Reading A R ead the poster. Who are The Ice Foxes? 1 two singers 2 a singer and two guitarists 3 a singer and a guitarist WATNalTenEteDd:people! AmobDar(uueAan3BarsnroI)uyigrbdcetdo.wha.inu.aiine.tson.i(dra.ofo?t.gsu.hnd.iiDen.essnd,ogSTaigbnehcru1yetrueheio,0ttoaraa-uIecit1ort(isew’44sls2t.t?eFa))ohdonAa.a’c.xt?rn.rdl.eetdo.o.s.cwy.Lab.kou.onueocadrknyna(1dot(Tgo)tuuhraore.ee..kma.s.eTtds..uhyis.an.sbei.ygni.c,o?egIc1areiTe)s5rrhd.tcFoehWooprnOexolaaaelcny!mbsteeToraeehri.lbrdleeoieafnr tat See you soon! And (4) ..........! B Complete the poster with FToIchxeees the phrases below. Lucy a Are you b a star c good luck d drummer 16

Vocabulary Complete the word groups. August brilliant guitar guitarist See you soon 1 cool, great, ................................. 2 October, January, ................................. 3 singer, musician, ................................. 4 Take care, Bye for now, ................................. 5 drums, keyboard, ................................. Grammar Cats are nice! C hi ldre n Regular Plurals are nice! Add -s to make most nouns plural. singer – singers Add -es to nouns ending in -x, -s, -ss, -ch and -sh. fox – foxes watch – watches bus – buses brush – brushes dress – dresses For nouns ending in a consonant and -y, change the -y to -i and add -es. family – families For nouns ending in a vowel and -y, just add -s. birthday – birthdays For some nouns ending in -f or -fe, change -f or -fe to -v and Irregular Plurals add -es. Some nouns are irregular. leaf – leaves BUT roof – roofs child – children wife – wives giraffe – giraffes person – people man – men tooth – teeth Add -es to some nouns ending in -o. mouse – mice tomato – tomatoes BUT photo – photos woman – women A Write plurals. B Complete the sentences with plurals. 1 box ................................ 1 They are talented ........................ . (person) 2 photo ................................ 2 The ........................ are singers. (woman) 3 city ................................ 3 How many ........................ are in the band? 4 giraffe ................................ 5 class ................................ (child) 6 drummer ................................ 4 ........................ are afraid of cats. (mouse) 7 Monday ................................ 5 How old are the ........................? (man) 8 life ................................ 6 My ........................ are very white. (tooth) Listening Speaking Do the quiz, then listen and check your answers. Read the dialogue with your partner. Then change the red words to make your own dialogue. Practise it with your 1 Is Beyoncé an actor? partner. a Yes, she is. b No, she isn’t. Darren: Hi! My name’s Darren and I’m a guitarist. What about you? 2 Who is David Beckham’s wife? a Stacey Beckham Claire: I’m Claire and I’m a singer. I’m interested in joining b Victoria Beckham The Ice Foxes. 3 Is Eminem a rap singer? Darren: OK. a Yes, he is. Claire: Listen to my CD. b No, he isn’t. Darren: Wow! You’re great! Claire: Thanks. Am I in the band, then? Darren: Yes, you are! Smart band brilliant drums fun guitar WORDS interested music musician singer talented UNIT 1 17

5 Family photos Reading UNIT 1 A R ead Ben’s descriptions and match them with his photos. A My family is on holiday in this photo. We’re at the beach. B 1 Mum and Dad are under the umbrella. My sisters, Kate and Rebecca, are in front of them. Our cat, Patch, is between Kate and Rebecca. What about me? I’m not in the photo because I’m behind the camera! ....... This is a photo of Kate’s wedding reception. We’re in 2 a hotel. I’m next to Kate and Dad is next to Kate’s husband, James. Grandma and Grandpa are in front of us on the dance floor! Rebecca is behind the waiter. ....... It’s Mum’s birthday in this photo. We’re in the garden because it’s summer. Her birthday cake is on the table. 3 There are lots of candles on it! Dad is next to Mum. I’m under the table between Patch and Rebecca. My hamster, George, is in my pocket! ....... C B Answer the questions. Write your answers in your notebook. 1 Where are Ben’s mum and dad in the holiday photo? 2 Who are Kate and Rebecca? 3 Who is behind the waiter in the wedding photo? 4 What is on the table in the birthday photo? 5 Who is under the table in the birthday photo? 18

Vocabulary B Circle the odd one out. A Which events do the words below go with? Write B for 1 camera photo pocket 2 floor garden beach birthday, H for holiday and W for wedding. Some go with 3 husband crab dad more than one event. 4 family hamster cat • cake ....... • candles ....... • dress ....... • hotel ....... • present ....... • sea ....... • sunglasses ....... Grammar Why are you under 5 restaurant waiter sandcastle the bed, Archie? A Read the sentences and find the stickers. 12 3 Prepositions of Place 45 in on next to near 1 A hamster is on the chair. 2 A pair of sunglasses is next to the camera. under between in front of behind 3 A hamster is behind the camera. 4 A pair of sunglasses is in front of the camera. B Look at the picture and complete the sentences 5 A hamster is under the chair. with the prepositions below. Speaking behind in in front of next to on under Look at the picture with your partner and talk about the party. Use prepositions of place. The birthday cake is ... The cat is ... The boy is ... 1 The woman is ............................... the umbrella. 2 The hotel is ............................... the restaurant. Writing 3 The dog is ............................... the sea. 4 The crab is ............................... the sandcastle. Write three sentences in your notebook about the 5 The girl is ............................... the sandcastle. picture in Speaking. Use prepositions of place. 6 The beach is ............................... the hotel and the restaurant. Smart beach camera candle garden holiday WORDS hotel husband present sunglasses wedding UNIT 1 19

1REVIEW People Vocabulary A Complete Rachel’s family tree. grandma 1 ........................... 2 ........................... grandpa mum dad aunt 3 ........................... 4 ........................... Rachel 5 ........................... 6 ........................... B Complete the sentences with the words below. D Choose the correct reply. afraid clever dangerous happy new strict 1 Hello! I’m Mark. 1 Jake is very .............................. . His answers a Oh dear b Pleased to meet you. are always correct! 2 We’re late! a Come on! b Take care! 2 My .............................. bike is red and black. 3 This band needs a guitarist. 3 Are you .............................. of mice? a I’m interested. b Bye for now. 4 Dan is an astronaut. His job is very 4 I’m new at this school. .............................. . a Thanks! b Me too! 5 Mrs Brown is my favourite teacher because she 5 This is an e-mail from my friend. isn’t very .............................. . a Let’s see. b What about you? 6 Amy is .............................. because it’s E Complete the table. Saturday. C Match. a beach class drums guitar musician d 1 actor ........ pupil sea sunglasses timetable 2 waiter ........ 3 taxi driver ........ Holiday Band School 4 singer ........ 5 dentist ........ b f 6 teacher ........ e c 20

Grammar A Complete the sentences with subject pronouns. 1 Peter is ten today and .......... is very happy. 2 Claire and I are sisters. .......... are twins! 3 The camera isn’t on the table. .......... is on the chair. 4 Aunt Pauline is great. .......... is my favourite aunt. 5 This is a photo of my mum and dad. .......... are on holiday in the photo. 6 You and your sister have got a parrot. .......... are lucky! B The words in bold are wrong. Write the correct words. 1 Joshua and Ben is my friends. ..................... 2 You am my favourite person. ..................... 3 We isn’t pupils at Greenburn School. ..................... 4 He are fifteen years old. ..................... 5 I aren’t a fan of Justin Bieber. ..................... 6 Am Helen a hairdresser? ..................... C Circle the correct words. 1 Tom Cruise is an / a actor. 2 Who is that in a / the photo? 3 Is Garfield the / a good cat? 4 It is an / the interesting programme. 5 A / The sunglasses are on the table. D Write plurals. 5 man ................... 6 person ................... 1 tooth ................... 7 family ................... 2 child ................... 8 wife ................... 3 fox ................... 4 bus ................... E Look at the picture. Complete the sentences with the prepositions below. b ehind between in front of next to under Vincent Frank Gus Davinia 1 Frank is ................................. Vincent and Davinia. 2 Wanda is ................................. Davinia. 3 Frank is ................................. Gus. 4 Fang is ................................. Gus. 5 Vincent is ................................. Frank. Fang Wanda REVIEW 1 21

Writing 1 Describe your family Hi! Do you like this photo of my grandfather doing Tai Chi. He lives in China. Read my description to find out more about my family. A Read Jack’s description and complete the paragraph with the words below. aunt brother dad grandpa uncle My family I’ve got a big family, but some of them live in China. My grandma and (1) …………….…. live in Beijing. My (2) …………….…. and uncle and my cousin, Marcus, live there too. He’s twelve. My (3) …………….…. is a doctor. He’s clever. I live in England with my mum and dad and my little (4) …………….…. , Tim. He’s five. My mum is a computer programmer and my (5) …………….…. is a fireman. He’s very brave. We’ve got a cat too. Her name is Bella. B Read Jack’s description again and count how many people he writes about. Smart When you describe your family, don’t forget to say TIP what their relationship with you is! C Match the numbers 1-6 to the letters a-f to make complete sentences. 1 My sister is a my mum and dad’s child. 2 My cousin is b my mum or dad’s sister. 3 My aunt is c my mum or dad’s brother. 4 My uncle is d my mum or dad’s mum. 5 My grandma is e my mum or dad’s dad. 6 My grandpa is f my aunt and uncle’s child. 22

Smart When we write descriptions of people, we often say what TIP job they do, and we use adjectives to describe them. D Underline the sentences in Jack’s description which describe his dad and his uncle. E Complete the descriptions with the adjectives below. brave clever interesting strict talented 1 He’s a teacher. He’s …………….….. 2 She’s a doctor. She’s …………….….. 3 They’re singers. They’re very …………….….. 4 She’s an astronaut. She’s …………….….. 5 He’s a reporter. He’s very …………….….. Now write a description of your family. ……….…..................................................................……….…....................................... ……….…..................................................................……….…....................................... ……….…..................................................................……….…....................................... ……….…..................................................................……….…....................................... ……….…..................................................................……….…....................................... ……….…..................................................................……….…....................................... ……….…..................................................................……….…....................................... ……….…..................................................................……….…....................................... ……….…..................................................................……….…....................................... ……….…..................................................................……….…....................................... ……….…..................................................................……….…....................................... ……….…..................................................................……….…....................................... WRITING 1 23