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VOLUME 35 NUMBER 1 FEBRUARY 2017 OFONews NEWSLETTER OF THE ONTARIO FIELD ORNITHOLOGISTS A TROPICAL BIRD AT Crested Caracara, THE EDGE OF THE BOREAL Michipicoten Algoma District. Photo by CRESTED CARACARA Jeremy Bensette IN WAWA BYJEREMYBENSETTE AND JOSH VANDERMEULEN IF YOU TOLD US HALF A YEAR AGO that we would be given the opportunity to add Crested Caracara to our Ontario lists, we probably would not have believed you. It is a species that for many years few Ontario birders seri- ously expected to ever come across, and the number of birders who had seen one in the province could probably be counted on one hand. The journey It all began with a fellow named Chris Eagles at his work site, an MTO aggregate pit, near Wawa on the northeast shore of Lake Superior. He photographed an odd hawk-like bird picking through fish scraps on 28 November 2016 and posted it to his Facebook page. Joanne Redwood came across Chris’s photo on 29 November and immediately reposted it. Why? It was a wild Crested Caracara in Ontario! Jeremy Bensette was quick to notice Joanne’s reposting and he shared the sighting with the Ontbirds listserv. Immediately, both he and Josh Vandermeulen began planning a route to Wawa — this was not an opportunity to pass up. Jeremy met up with Steve Charbonneau in Chatham-Kent in the evening, stopping toway. To get to the Wawa area in about 13 hours they drove continuously, only stopping for food and fuel, all the while keeping in touch with Barb Charlton, Tyler Hoar and David Pryor, who were also en route.Both cars were near the outskirts of Wawa by sunrise on November 30. IN THIS ISSUE 1 Crested Caracara in Wawa 11 OFO President’s Message 3 Huron Fringe Birding Festival In Memoriam: Don Barnett 4 Algonquin Park: Earlier and Later 6 Doug Tarry Young Ornithologists 12 John A. Crosby: Canadian 7 Young Birders Field Trips 2017 Bird Illustrator 8 Thirty Years of Birding at Presqu’ile 10 App Reviews 13 Book Reviews 14 Bruce Falls - Order of Canada 15 Photo Quiz 16 Carden Alvar Bluebirds 2016 ONTARIO FIELD ORNITHOLOGISTS Box 116 Station F, Toronto ON M4Y 2L4 OFO Website: www.ofo.ca Email: [email protected]

Myriad Pro bold and Myriad Pro Myriad pro bold are a handful of records even more Some readers may wonder why we have northerly than this bird, it is clear that A quick search of the places that the Crested assumed that this individual is naturally Crested Caracara has a pattern of far Caracara had been seen in previous days wild and not either a released falconry northbound vagrancy, especially in re- proved futile. Josh, being familiar with the bird or somehow otherwise transported cent years. Unfortunately none of the Wawa area, suggested searching the nearby here by humans. Like many out of range prior Ontario occurrences was chaseable. First Nations village of Michipicoten. Since Crested Caracaras, this bird was first The first was a dead bird found by a Crested Caracara is an open country species, spotted in July of this year. It was discov- lighthouse keeper at Thunder Bay on 18 it seemed logical that this individual would ered in the town of Munising, Michigan, July 1892 (George Cosgrove); the second likely eschew the surrounding forest, pre- a mere 220 km from Wawa, and remained was only seen by a lucky few on Pelee ferring open areas where it would feel more there until mid-November. The feather Island on 6 July 1994 (David Kraus, Ger- at home and where foraging would be wear on the wing coverts of the Wawa ald Waldron, J. Peter Chapman); and the more successful. bird appears identical to that of the Mu- third was a bird that was observed in the nising bird, leaving us to believe they are remote First Nations community of Fort Barb, Tyler, and David rolled up shortly the same individual. Albany from 16 to 26 July 2002 (Ivan Ed- after and the two groups celebrated this wards). special sighting. The Crested Caracara This is not a desirable species to fal- pulled a few worms from the soil and ate coners, and long distance vagrancy in This Crested Caracara was undoubt- some food scraps on a lawn before flying Crested Caracara is not without prece- edly one of the most exciting bird sight- into a spruce tree. Knowing how much this dence. There are three prior records in ings in Ontario to date for either of us. species loves eating roadkill and garbage, Ontario, while as many as 15 total oc- From what we gather, this was also the Tyler tried to coax it out of the tree by toss- currences across Canada (depending on first time a Crested Caracara has ever ing on the ground first his orange hat, then which separate records involve the same been photographed in Ontario. Fortu- his own body, and finally a road-killed East- bird). Eleven of these records have oc- nately for many other southern Ontario ern Gray Squirrel found nearby. Even birds curred within the last six years. In addi- birders the Crested Caracara remained a with the filthiest of diets have standards, so tion to the Canadian records, many US regular in Michipicoten for several days obviously it did not go for Tyler's bait. It states have added Crested Caracara to afterwards, becoming a local celebrity of eventually flew down to a nearby driveway their respective lists in recent years, some sorts among those living in the commu- and allowed a close approach by car, much of which include New Jersey (2012), nity. The Crested Caracara was last re- closer than if we had stayed on foot. After Delaware (2013), Maine (2014), West Vir- ported during the evening of Tuesday, 6 filling our memory cards and studying the ginia (2014) and Georgia (2016). As there December 2016. bird for another hour, we tore ourselves away from the Crested Caracara to begin the long, thirteen hour trek home. Above. Crested Caracara. Photo by Josh Vandermeulen Left. Crested Caracara is a species of open terrain so it made sense to start our search on the lawns of Michipicoten. Photo by Chris Eagles 2 OFO News February 2017

Huron Fringe Birding Festival passes historic milestone When you consider that the Huron Fringe Birding Festival will be celebrating 20 years in 2017 you just have to know what a great success it has been. By Norah Toth and Lynne Richardson MACGREGOR POINT PROVINCIAL PARK Gathering outside the MacGregor Point Visitor Centre. Photo by Jim Punnett on Lake Huron south of Port Elgin. With its north-south orientation, the shoreline round out your festival experience, pre- Myriad bold subs provides a natural migratory flyway. sentations featuring local and global If backcountry birding is your thing, you This Huron fringe of land funnels birds birding topics are held each evening. can visit the area around Bruce Penin- along the lake as they continue their Daily barbecue lunches in the park and sula National Park and a second IBA area journey north. If you missed some of weekend banquet and dinner events top at Cabot Head, home to the Bruce Penin- your favorite spring migrants at Point off our festival package. With the park sula Bird Observatory and research sta- Pelee, chances are good you’ll see them as a base and Bruce County as a back- tion. There you’ll meet their research sci- here. In fact, this area is affectionately drop there is no shortage of birding des- entist and head bander. The land base at referred to as “Pelee North” by local tinations available. You can pick events Cabot Head is spectacular and boasts es- birders. that focus on grassland species, forest or carpment outliers, alvar, fens and a per- wetland birds, or even the endangered fect harbour complete with a visible Along with being on a great migra- and charismatic Piping Plover. Alterna- shipwreck. tory route, the park’s forests, fields, fens, tively, you can pretty much cover all the swamps, and old fields are home to above in one long “big day.” You can go The festival has been attracting top many resident breeders. Breeding season off-shore to islands to view the special- birding leaders from across Ontario, and is getting underway at the time of the ized habitats they provide for colonial we continue to bring back our own ter- Festival and the park is alive with birds nesters. One tour goes to Chantry Island, rific local leaders with their intimate in full song, establishing their nesting an Important Bird Area (IBA) and offers knowledge of the park and the local territories. Warblers are surprisingly a great eye-to-bird’s-eye view of tree- countryside. A team of experienced fes- abundant. In fact, the American Redstart nesting herons and egrets from atop the tival volunteers and event coordinators should be called the MacGregor Point island’s lighthouse. Another outing will keep things running smoothly for the Redstart —not only is it prolific in the take you on a pontoon boat tour through entire eight days (over two weekends) park but it is also our mascot for the the Fishing Islands archipelago off the of the festival. Festival. Bruce Peninsula. These remote islands are screaming with colonies of gulls, The festival program is posted at Although the park’s habitats provide herons, cormorants and an active Bald an exciting range of birding opportuni- Eagle’s nest. huronfringebirdingfestival.ca. ties, we don’t restrict ourselves to Mac- Gregor Point. Of the 80 festival events Early registration is recommended offered, many head out of the park to explore hotspots the full length and breadth of Bruce County, including the beautiful and species-rich Bruce Penin- sula. As a festival participant, you have an opportunity to enjoy all that’s offered. Myriad bold subs Each day you can choose from a variety of morning, afternoon, or full-day out- ings. Whether you want to go for a leisurely beginner birder-type walk or “bird till you drop” with the serious birders, we have an event for you. To OFO News February 2017 3

Snowy Owl. Photo by Ann Brokelman Thirty years of birding at Presqu’ile During my three-decade association with this park, there are three annual world-class migration events that I never miss. By David Bree, Park Naturalist, Presqu’ile Provincial Park Spring waterfowl to see every spring. Fall passerine mi- inclement weather (primarily Dunlin in gration starts in mid-August and goes most cases). But it is the autumn shore- The first is the waterfowl migration in into October. Again, 20 warblers are pos- bird migration for which Presqu’ile may mid-March. Presqu’ile Bay is a major sible in a single day, and the unusual al- be best known. Southbound birds move staging area for waterfowl and thou- most always occurs. On August 28, 2012, through from mid-August into Novem- sands of up to 20 species can be seen in Canada’s third record of Thick-billed ber, with early September usually being a single day. March 1985 was my first Kingbird showed up and stayed for the best time. More charismatic shore- experience with Presqu’ile, and the rafts three days. birds such as Whimbrel, Buff-breasted of scaup, Redheads, Canvasbacks, Ring- Sandpiper, Ruddy Turnstone, Red Knot necked Ducks and American Wigeon Shorebirds: northbound and Purple Sandpiper are also annual. (to name a few) bobbing in the bright and southbound sun at the edge of the melting bay ice Not just a migrant trap were a beautiful sight that will be etched The great thing about Presqu’ile is that The two offshore islands, High Bluff and in my memory forever. I’ve not missed the mixed flocks of shorebirds are often Gull (a tombolo at the time of publica- a March trip since. Beginners to duck quite close, allowing the beginner (and tion due to its attachment to the main- ID can drop by during Presqu’ile’s an- not so beginner) a leisurely, close look land at Owen Point), host the most di- nual Waterfowl Weekend (25-26 March to sort out all those peeps! I have a pic- verse waterbird colony on the Great in 2017) when volunteers with scopes ture that shows Least, Semipalmated, Lakes with eight species and 250,000 in- are stationed at the best hotspots to Baird’s and White-rumped Sandpipers dividuals (including young) present point out the many species. side-by-side — a common occurrence each spring. 126 total species have been each fall. Presqu’ile’s shorebird variety recorded breeding in Presqu’ile through Passerines: northbound is astounding, with 25-30 species seen the years, with breeding Orchard Ori- and nouthbound annually, and 41 seen through the years. oles and Yellow-rumped Warblers ex- Late May and into June can see large emplifying the unique mix of north and Mid to late May is great for all the typ- numbers of shorebirds setting down — south. ical passerines, and 20-warbler days sometimes several thousand during (species -wise) are common. Being near Winter the lakeshore, leaf-out comes late, al- Winter is good for over-wintering lowing much easier viewing than in- ducks. Long-tailed Ducks are particu- land. There are always rarer species larly numerous, and Barrow’s Golden- showing up, and I’ve seen many of my eye has been seen almost annually in more uncommon Ontario lifers here. recent years. A selection of gulls, Bald Connecticut and Hooded Warblers, and Eagles, and overwintering Snowy and a mega-rare Blue Grosbeak come to Barred Owls are also usually present. mind. Overall though, it’s just the num- bers of more common warblers and other songbirds that are such a delight Purple Sandpiper, Gull Island. Photo by Jean Iron 4 OFO News February 2017

Easy access Habitat diversity at Presqu’ile Because it is so small, getting around Presqu’ile is easy, whether by car, bike The 126 species that have bred in Presqu’ile do so in just 950 hectares or foot. It was once a flat limestone is- (c. 9 km2) of land. This is possible largely due to the Park’s mosaic of a land that has long since become at- remarkable seven distinct habitat types. tached to the mainland by a large sand- bar, making it the largest freshwater MARSH Its northern feel with some Boreal influence tombolo in the world. No place is more The largest protected coastal marsh on Lake make it one of the most interesting places in the than a one kilometre walk from a Ontario’s north shore is cattail-dominated and Park. Prominent breeding birds: Pine Warbler, paved road; many birding locations are interspersed with small sand-based peninsulas, Yellow-rumped Warbler, Blackburnian Warbler, much closer. Most spring passerine thus making it particularly diverse in plant and Golden-crowned Kinglet, Brown Creeper. birding is done from paved parking bird life. Prominent breeding birds: Marsh lots, roadways, and small foot paths. Wren, American Bittern, Pied-billed Grebe, SHORELINE Spring waterfowl can be seen from the Common Yellowthroat, Sora, Swamp Sparrow, (sand and cobblestone beaches) road and wheelchair accessible blinds. Virginia Rail. Fossil-filled stones line the shores of the lime- Shorebird locations require some walk- stone-based southern part of the Park; the sand- ing, with the best spot requiring a 600- DECIDUOUS FOREST based northern section has an expansive sand metre walk. Younger stands of ash and older mixed forest beach along its western edge, and bordered by dominate. There is also a small section of Old willow scrub. Prominent breeding birds: Visiting Presqu’ile Growth dotted with massive beeches and Sugar Killdeer, Spotted Sandpiper, Willow Flycatcher, As a natural migration trap, Presqu’ile Maples. Prominent breeding birds: Pileated Yellow Warbler. is best birded during migration, but its Woodpecker, Barred Owl, Red-eyed Vireo, Wood habitat variety means it has something Thrush, Veery, Red-bellied Woodpecker, Ruffed MEADOW (old field) to offer in any season. The Park has a Grouse, Eastern Wood-Pewee, Winter Wren, Homesteading at Presqu’ile ended in the mid- bird list of 337 species, with about 230 Great Crested Flycatcher. 1950s, leaving behind large swaths of open seen annually. Please feel free to contact field. Sites of former farms are now an intriguing me any time at [email protected] INTERDUNAL SLACKS (“pannes”) mix of meadow, savannah and shrub thickets. or 613 475-4324 at ext. 225 for the latest Between the two sets of dunes is the Park’s Prominent breeding birds: Orchard Oriole, information or to submit sightings. rarest habitat. Meltwater floods this low-lying Field Sparrow, Savannah Sparrow, American area in the spring; by mid-summer, it is com- Goldfinch, Eastern Kingbird, Indigo Bunting. Below: Congregation of waterfowl at Presqu’ile Bay. pletely dry in parts. Prominent breeding birds: Photo by David Bree Brown Thrasher, Gray Catbird, Wilson’s Snipe. SAND DUNES Two sets of sand dunes run north-south on CONIFEROUS FOREST either side of the main entrance road in the Along with pine and spruce plantations, there is Park’s northern section. Eastern Cottonwoods a naturally occurring coniferous forest covering tower over dogwood and juniper thickets in the larger sand-based peninsulas (“fingers”) some sections. Prominent breeding birds: that protrude eastward into Presqu’ile Bay. Baltimore Oriole, Warbling Vireo, Tree Swallow. OFO News February 2017 5

App unintentionally harass birds in Each species is illustrated with colour Reviews the field. The natural history is plates, depicting almost all field-identi- also excellent and contains some fiable subspecies and plumages, includ- By Lev Frid unique facts such as egg colour. ing in flight. Arrows point to pertinent The range maps appear accurate ID features. Each species also includes iBird Pro for Android and show useful seasonal ranges. a wide range of sound recordings and US$18.99 This is an excellent app for learn- accurate range maps depicting seasonal ing more about bird species. I ranges. This app is very compre- would recommend it to all levels hensive with 940 species, of birders. The app contains a Users can filter a bird they are at- and is the only app that also includes vast amount of sound recordings tempting to identify using simple cate- Hawaii. Each account contains a lot of and natural history information. gories—features (wingbar etc.), type sound recordings, comprehensive nat- Beginners using the app to identify birds (heron-like etc.) and size in comparison ural history information as well as beyond common species may find it to common birds. There is a feature that colour plates and photographs. challenging. There are many updates allows the user to compare two similar that continue to improve the app. bird species side-by-side on the same Users can “key out” a bird they wish screen, and, as all birds are depicted in to identify using a lot of varying char- The Sibley eGuide the same posture and direction, it is ex- acteristics such as colour and habitat. to Birds for Android tremely useful. Some advanced identi- This is very helpful though some cate- US$27.99 fications such as gulls may require fur- gories, such as length, may complicate ther reference, but generally even more the procedure as they can easily be pre- The Sibley eGuide is the well-known difficult birds are illustrated very well. sumed erroneously. The plates are of Sibley Guide to Birds in digital format. medium-poor quality and tougher birds It includes all of the birds depicted in I recommend this app to all levels of such as gulls will need more reference. the popular fields guide and all of David birders. The amount of natural history Some accounts don’t illustrate key Sibley’s excellent illustrations. information is minimal, so those wish- plumages — in Red-headed Wood- ing to learn about birds beyond identi- pecker, the brown-headed juvenile birds fication are recommended to consult ad- are not depicted. The sound recordings ditional references. Though it lacks the are excellent and varied, though a short- complex filtering of other apps, the qual- coming is when one selects the sound ity of the illustrations is extremely high, feature for a species, the first sound and coupled with the straightforward plays automatically and this could filtering and the ability to compare birds side-by-side on the same screen, makes it one of the best apps for field identifi- cation. Gray Jay is top choice for Canada’s national bird Following an engaging two-year process, the Royal Canadian Geographical Society, publisher of Canada Geographic maga- zine, declared that the Gray Jay is their official recommendation for National Bird of Canada. Canadians cast nearly 50,000 votes and posted thousands of comments. Five experts participated in a national debate in Ottawa in September 2016. The Gray Jay was said by the Society to have best met “all reasonable criteria.” The four other short-listed birds were Common Loon, Snowy Owl, Black-capped Chickadee, and Canada Goose. It is hoped that the Gray Jay will become the official bird during this year’s sesquicentennial celebrations. Gray Jay. Photo by Ann Brokelman 6 OFO News February 2017

President’s Don Barnett coordinating the count at the Whimbrel Watch in Toronto on 23 May 2011. Photo by Jean Iron Message In Memoriam Don Barnett I am very proud of the number of field trips OFO offers. This year we By Jean Iron have expanded both the number and types of trips for OFO mem- IT IS WITH GREAT SADNESS that we in- special birds and plants. To Don’s delight, bers and their guests. form OFO members of the passing of Don Carden Alvar Provincial Park was estab- Barnett on 31 December, 2016. Don was lished in 2014. Our trips are run by experts who volunteer an OFO Director from 2002 to 2004. He their time to share the joys of birding with coordinated OFO Field Trips and Adver- Don will be remembered for the others. Dave Milsom has worked tirelessly tising. Don was passionate about preserv- Whimbrel Watch at Colonel Sam Smith over many years to build this program. ing habitat for grassland birds on the Car- Park in Toronto and the High Park Hawk- den Alvar. When Cameron Ranch came watch, both of which he coordinated for This year we are branching out into differ- up for sale in 2001, he organized a meet- the TOC. Through a commitment to be- ent kinds of experiences. We have a photog- ing with The Nature Conservancy of ing on site daily and his careful recording raphy workshop, trips to the north of the Canada (NCC) to fundraise over one mil- procedures, the spectacular migration of province and nest searching trips. In addition lion dollars for its purchase. On a team Whimbrels from the east coast of the we have an expanded roster of trips and with the NCC and Couchiching Conser- United States to their breeding grounds events for young birders aged 9 to 19. vancy, Don represented the Toronto Or- in the Canadian Arctic became well nithological Club (TOC) and I, the On- known. Similarly, the High Park Hawk- We understand that some people are con- tario Field Ornithologists. Donations watch benefited from Don’s personal cerned about the effect of nest searching on poured in from birders, naturalists, foun- touch as he followed the Hawk Migration birds. We share this concern and guarantee dations, organizations and federal and Association of North America (HMANA) that all of our trips will adhere to Bird Studies provincial governments. protocols and welcomed everyone. Canada’s Project Nest Watch protocol which have been designed to protect breeding birds Cameron Ranch was acquired in 2003 Many OFO members reminisce fond- while allowing the collection of vitally impor- and Windmill Ranch in 2005, with the vi- ly about the annual trips Don organized tant scientific data. sion that these properties would become to Manitoulin Island to see Sharp-tailed a provincial park. Don then became the Grouse dancing on the lek. He loved Nest searching allows birders to appreciate OFO rep on the Carden Alvar Advisory everyone’s camaraderie and enthusiasm an often overlooked part of a bird’s life cycle Committee and organized point counts for birding and seeing our hosts on Man- while the protocol ensures that the breeding to determine breeding bird populations. itoulin. success of individual birds will not be affected. He strongly supported the name Carden For example, observations must be done Alvar because it conveys the global Don was a quiet, unassuming person, quickly and with minimal disturbance and importance of this rare landform and its who worked tirelessly on many birding approaching nests much be done in a way projects. His strength and support will that minimizes the chance of alerting preda- be missed. tors to the nest’s presence. Feedback is welcomed. Please write to me at [email protected]. Additionally, please let me know if you have any ideas for field trips or workshops you would like to see. We will try to make them happen. Get out and go birding! Lynne Freeman, OFO President [email protected] OFO News February 2017 7

Book Reviews Peterson Reference Guide to Woodpeckers of North America 2016. Stephen Shunk. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Hardcover 320 pages. $35.00 (ISBN: 9780618739950) ONTARIO BIRDERS can hardly go into the field without coming across woodpeckers. They may act as a con- duit for becoming an active field birder who evolved from being a casual feeder observer, owing to a woodpecker’s bold patterns, easy ap- proach and everyday relationships with people. We see some species with great regularity and others we have to specif- ically work hard to find. Woodpeckers are one of the first harbingers of spring and most people recognize their distinc- tive shapes and behaviours. Steve Shunk, an Oregon based biol- ogist/birder with a passion for the Pici- nae (the subfamily of Typical Wood- peckers), recently contributed to the Peterson Guide series by authoring the Reference Guide to Woodpeckers of North America. Shunk has a style that is easy to read, and he packs the guide with in- numerable facts on woodpecker natural history, ecology and conservation that keep his audience eager for more. The book boasts over 250 superb photo- graphs, is a very comfortable size (10¼\" x 7¼\" x 1\") and wears a durable dust jacket. The inside front and back covers provide the reader with a detailed pair of illustrations depicting woodpecker anatomy for reference. Structurally, the Top: S RGB jpeg Center: Adobe RGB jpeg Right: CMYK tiff all @300dpi 8 OFO News February 2017

Common Loon. Photo by Eleanor Kee Wellman © Birds of Algonquin Park ByRonTozer MY 474-PAGE BOOK titled Birds of New Earliest Spring Arrivals Algonquin Park was published in 2012 by The Friends of Algonquin Park utilizing Species Date No. Location Observer(s) a generous grant from the Gordon and Lorraine Gibson Family Foundation. Wood Duck 18 March 2016 3 Upper Head Lake Alison Lake The main part of the book consists of 20 March 2012 detailed accounts for each of the 278 1 Davies Bog, near Mew Lake Rory Eckenswiller species then confirmed to have been re- liably observed in Algonquin Park. Sec- Mallard 17 March 2016 2 Smoke Creek bridge David LeGros tions in a typical species account include the following: Spring, Breeding, Fall, Blue-winged Teal 22 March 2012 1 Park Lake Ron Tozer Winter, Historical Status, and Population Trend. Ring-necked Duck 21 March 2012 2 West Smith Lake Pond Ron Tozer Migration data in the book were de- Bufflehead 21 March 2012 1 Old Airfield Marsh Justin Peter rived from fifty years of Algonquin Park bird records (1961 to 2010) housed in the Common Loon 1 April 2012 1 Lake of Two Rivers Christine Luckasavitch Algonquin Park Visitor Centre files. Av- erage spring arrival and fall departure Great Blue Heron 20 March 2012 2 Hwy 60 (km 52.1) heronry Ron Tozer dates of common and uncommon mi- grants are presented for two 25-year pe- Turkey Vulture 13 March 2012 1 Leaf Lake Ski Trail Luke Hillyer riods (1961 to 1985 and 1986 to 2010). For each migrant species with sufficient Northern Harrier 19 March 2012 1 Old Airfield Justin Peter years of data available, a simple test was applied to assess the statistical signifi- Cooper’s Hawk 2 April 2015 1 Smoke Lake Ron Tozer cance of differences in the averages for the two time periods (Appendix 2, pp. Broad-winged Hawk 7 April 2012 1 West of Mew Lake Lev Frid 399-402). Fully 74% of the spring mi- grants analyzed (83 of 112 species) Sandhill Crane 21 March 2012 1+ Pioneer Logging Exbibit Pond Glenn Forward showed a significantly earlier average first-observed spring arrival date in the Long-eared Owl 23 March 2012 1 Old Airfield border Justin Peter and others 1986 to 2010 period compared to the 1961 to 1985 period. In addition, 31% of Chimney Swift 25 April 2012 1 Tea Lake Jan Richmond the fall migrants analyzed (33 of 108 Belted Kingfisher 21 March 2012 1 Smoke Creek Laura Tozer Peregrine Falcon 1 April 2015 2 Barron Canyon Trail Christine Luckasavitch 12 April 2014 1 Centennial Ridges Trail Ethan Huner Alder Flycatcher 15 May 2012 1 Madawaska River at Airfield Emily McKinnon Eastern Phoebe 20 March 2012 1 East Gate Jason Lorbetskie Eastern Kingbird 3 May 2013 1 Spruce Bog Boardwalk Rick Stronks Winter Wren 18 March 2012 1 Big Pines Trail Deanna Hergert Hermit Thrush 7 April 2014 1 Opeongo Road Grace Pitman Cedar Waxwing 6 May 2013 1 Found Lake Lev Frid Common Yellowthroat 3 May 2013 1 Visitor Centre Gordon Atkins 3 May 2015 1 Costello Creek Eleanor Kee Wellman Chestnut-sided Warbler 1 May 2013 1 Crotch Lake Chris Boettger Blackpoll Warbler 8 May 2013 1 Canoe Lake Jan Richmond Pine Warbler 14 April 2012 1 West Rose Lake Lev Frid 14 April 2012 1 Barron Canyon Michael Runtz