Swimming Handbook

Swimming Handbook

Swimming This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

History of Swimming • In 1828, the first indoor swimming pool, St George's Baths was opened to the • An individual or team racing sport that public.[6] By 1837, the National requires the use of one's entire body to Swimming Society was holding regular move through water. The sport takes place swimming competitions in six artificial in pools or open water (e.g., in a sea or swimming pools, built around London. lake). Competitive swimming is one of the most popular Olympic sports, • In 1908, the world swimming association, Fédération Internationale de Natation • In 1844 two Native American participants (FINA), was formed. Women's swimming at a swimming competition in London was introduced into the Olympics in 1912; introduced the front crawl to a European the first international swim meet for women audience. Sir John Arthur Trudgen picked outside the Olympics was the 1922 Women's up the hand-over stroke from some South Olympiad. Butterfly was developed in the American natives and successfully debuted 1930s and was at first a variant of the new stroke in 1873, winning a local breaststroke, until it was accepted as a competition in England. His stroke is still separate style in 1952. regarded as the most powerful to use today.

Rules and regulation • BREASTSTROKE: • From the beginning of the first arm stroke after the FREESTYLE: •The swimmer may swim any style, except start and after each turn, the body shall be kept on that in individual medley or medley relay the breast. It is not permitted to roll onto the back at events, freestyle means any style other than any time. backstroke, breaststroke or butterfly. • All movements of the arms shall be simultaneous and •Some part of the swimmer must touch the in the same horizontal plane without alternating wall upon completion of each length and at movement. the finish. • After the start and after each turn, the swimmer may •Some part of the swimmer must break the take one arm stroke completely back to the legs. The surface of the water throughout the race, head must break the surface of the water before the except it shall be permissible for the swimmer hands turn inward at the widest part of the second to be completely submerged during the turn stroke. A single downward dolphin kick followed by and for a distance of not more than 15metres a breaststroke kick is permitted while wholly after the start and each turn. submerged. • The feet must be turned outwards during the propulsive part of the kick. A scissors, flutter or downward kick is not permitted except breaking the surface of the water with the feet is allowed unless followed by a downward dolphin kick. • At each turn and at the finish of the race, the touch shall be made with both hands simultaneously at, above, or below the water level.

Rules and Regulation • BUTTERFLY: • MEDLEY SWIMMING: • From the beginning of the first arm stroke after the • In Individual Medley events, the swimmer covers the start and each turn, the body shall be kept on the four swimming styles in the following order: breast. Butterfly, Backstroke, Breaststroke and Freestyle. • Under water kicking on the side is allowed. It • In Medley Relay events, swimmers will cover the is not permitted to roll onto the back at any time. four swimming styles in the following order: • Both arms shall be brought forward together over the Backstroke, Breaststroke, Butterfly and Freestyle. water and brought backward simultaneously • throughout the race. • All up and down movements of the legs must be • STARTS simultaneous. The legs or the feet need to be on the • ALL FRONT/ PRONE STROKES same level, but they shall not alternate in relation to • Swimmers are to start from the side of the pool each other. A breaststroke kicking is not permitted. • At the start and turns, a swimmer is permitted one or (starting block, side of the pool or in the water). more leg kicks and one arm pull under the water, • The same apples to relay events e.g. Freestyle. which must bring him/her to the surface. It shall be permissible for a swimmer to be completely submerged for a distance of not more than 15 metres after the start and each turn. •

Rules and Regulation • BACKSTROKE STARTS • All events will take place under international rules • Swimmers have to start in the water. with the following exceptions: • Toes under the surface. • 15 meters maximum under water before surfacing. • All races will take place in a 25m pool. • One false start rule. • Backstroke flags are placed 5m from each end wall of • • RELAY STARTS the pool • Starts apply according to entering the water as stated • Electronic, we do not have we will have time keepers • Two timers will time each lane. before. • Place judges will decide finishing positions for 1st, • Freestyle relays (forward dive) • Medley Relays will start in the water with the backstroke 2nd, 3rd and 4th places rather than using times. The times will be used for personal records only. Times leg first and backstroke start rules applying! will decide all other finishing positions. • • Lanes have been allocated well before the event. • TAKEOVERS • Starting signal is a hooter. • Relay swimmers must not dive (feet leave starting block) • In the event of a false start, a continuous siren will be activated. before the incoming swimmer (on their team) in the water • There may be NO false start rope. has touched the end of the pool in their lane.

Equipment

Ground Pool Parts