WORLD ENVIRONMENT DAY 2021 (1)

CENTRAL RAILWAY Environment And Housekeeping Management under Mechanical Department, Headquarters, Mumbai, extends its heartiest greetings on the occasion of WORLD ENVIONMENT DAY-2021 5th JUNE 2021

THIS IS NOT MINE NOR YOURS, IT IS OURS SHE HAS NOURISHED YOU LET HER BREATHE PROTECT HER THAT SHE TAKES CARE OF YOU AND YOUR GENERATIONS AHEAD WORLD ENVIRONMENT DAY

 The Beautiful Earth we reside in has given us Air to breathe, Water and Food in natural forms all for our survival, sustenance. Over usage of the earth’s resources will evolve unhealthy environment bringing harm to the ecological system and also depleting the resources as the years pass by.  This necessitated an awareness around the globe on protecting the environment from serious threats like air pollution, marine pollution, sustainable consumption of natural resources, over population and retaining the bio-diversity.  The United Nations Environment Programme established the concept of World Environment Day as a wake up call to protect the environment .

WORLD ENVIRONMENT DAY -2021-THEME WORLD ENVIRONMENT DAY was first hosted by United States of America in 1974 in the city of Spokane in Washington in 1974 on the theme “Only one earth”.  Every year thereon this day also know as the Eco Day is observed the world over on different themes, hosted by different countries.  The theme of World Environment Day 2021 is “Ecosystem Restoration”,Pakistan being the host country.

ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION Ecology in the simplest term refers to the relationship of organisms in an existing environment causing evolution and a new population of species, thereby diversifying the environment and giving rise to Bio-diversity.  However various factors like human intervention in an unhealthy way, population growth, climate change, deforestation etc. have resulted in ruining the environment that has degraded the ecology and ruined the biodiversity. This has necessitated reinstating of the dying planet and making it sustainable.  Thus reviving and reversing the loss of degraded ecosystem to build up the nature around us and blooming it alive to extend the legacy of the natural resources is what we call Ecosystem Resoration

NATURE’S RESOURCES FOR OUR NEED BUT NOT FOR OUR GREED Greed and quest has led to Rampaging luxuriant forests and exploiting their resources in the name of growth and development by industrialists due to lack of proper regulations and governance and has made them barren .

ECOLOGICAL DAMAGE The damage to the natural surrounding has been inflicted in the name of economic development like felling of tress, for constructing roads, highways, building industries by destroying forests, causing interference in the natural habitats of species for mining etc. This alteration, poaching into the ecological culture has resulted in climate changes like global warming , series of natural calamities , soil erosion, dampening agricultural productivity, extinction of species thereby harming biodiversity and much more.

PLASTIC POLLUTION A CURSE ON AQATIC CREATURES Plastic killing marine creatures in a cruel manner

WATER POLLUTION CAUSE FOR MARINE BIODIVERSITY LOSS Rising sea/ocean temperature due to global warming has limited the growth of aquatic species. Release of industrial wastes and chemicals into the sea has damaged marine creatures. Human activity causing huge release of carbon dioxide causing corrosiveness to salt in the sea limits the life of shells and shelled animals like turtles, oysters and corals. Coral reefs are ravaged and face destruction due to over fishing and coastal development and urbanisation. Plastic damaging coral reefs. Dumping solid waste and radio active wastes into the sea causing water contamination. Drilling process by companies causes oil spilling harming the life of marine population

LAND DEGRADATION Over grazing of cattle and Sheep causing loss of soil nutrients from the soil thereby ruining the land. Unsustainable irrigation systems, overgrazing of sheep and cattle, deforesting , climatic factors contribute to desertification

LAND DEGRADATION DUE TO WILD FIRE IN FORESTS  Forest fires caused due to combustion of dry vegetation , lightening or volcanic disturbances pump green house gases into the air , yet another cause for global warming.  Man made fire due to carelessness using candles, disarding cigarette butts etc.  Lighting fire by tribal communities as a part of tradition.  Flames of burning of trash spreading into forests  Burning dry grass for fodder.  All above factors causing nutrient depletion in the soil and harming the growth of trees.

ECOLOGY DECLINE DUE TO EXTINCTION Habitat loss, noise pollution,invasive species, grass covers converted to agricultural space , lack of eco friendly practices is a serious threat for the survival of the Great Indian Bustard seeing the decline in their population. Giant Pandas vulnerable to extinction because of habitat destruction, food shortage,poaching, tourism and climate change.

HUMAN INTERFERENCE AN ECOLOGICAL INTERVENTION Asian elephants on the decline thanks to urbanisation, population expansion, human – elephant conflicts, poor legislation Gorillas are becoming endangered because of deforestation and commercial logging

INDUSTRIALISTAION AND MODERNISATION THREATS  The Kharai breed of Camels found in the pristine mangrove forest creeks in Kutch district are unique due to their ability to survive in land as well as water.  They face decline like many other different species due to poaching activities from corporate operators if not intervened by law.

YEAR 2021-2030 DECLARED AS THE UN DECADE OF ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION  After the extinction of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago it’s the humans who are the cause of mass extinction of the species today.  The greatest threat to the planet is the environmental pollution devastating the biodiversity and there by causing an ecological massacre.  Feeding a population that is likely to reach 9 billion by 2050 will throw a herculean challenge of feeding them from the earth’s natural resources, which if not judiciously managed will pose scarcity.  Challenge that this planet is encountering is the sustainability of the natural resources which have ben badly exploited.  The time has come to rebuild the loss reinstate the resources and alternate methods to prevent wastages, making food and water security, conserve the bio-diversity through awareness and nature. based solutions

HOW TO RESTORE THE ECO-SYSTEMS Proper planning, studying, creating awareness, taking the confidence of local communities and adopting eco friendly methods to sustain ecological balance and monitoring the progress and looking after maintenance

The different communities OUR PLANET of plants, animals, micro AND and macro organisms interact with the physical ITS ECO-SYSTEMS surrounding and result in the functioning of the bio diversity around. Humans too are part of this biodiversity. But their interference into the natural surrounding beyond a limit has resulted in malfunctioning of the ecosystem causing considerable damage to the ecology.

THE BREATHE

AFFORESTATION • Planting trees help in preventing wind to disperse the soil thereby preventing soil erosion. • Forests are natural air conditioners that cool the air reducing green house effects. • Trees reduce global warming through photosynthesis. • Trees protect the groundwater consumption by holding the water in the soil. • They are warehouses of resources that give food security to humans and animals. • They are the habitats of wild animals that play a major role in the ecological system.

REVIVING NATIVE SPECIES Native species are the ones familiar to the habitat and don’t require much pamper for their growth and grow quickly The consume less water because of their adaptability to the local environment They are habitats to many birds and animal species,Colourful arrays of butterflies and moths throng around these native plants Thus they propogate an effective food chain and enrich biodiversity

REVEGETATION FOR RESTORING ECOSYSTEMS The process of revitalising the soil and replanting in barren lands that has dried out due to mining, flood etc. Revegetation helps in retaining the soil nutrients and gradually gives good yields. It helps in restoration of ecosystem because it helps in bringing the original form to the maximum and is more suited in urban areas where much vegetation has been cleared. Revegetation of agricultural land encourages more of bird species and also helps in bringing back native species to the environment.

RESTORING MARINE ECOSYSTEM Construct Restrict artificial overfishing structures and avoid to help tampering formation food chain of corals Collect Bring awareness Use designated Keep water broke among the transport routes bodies clean corals and communities to adopt to prevent by not construct marine friendly disasters like oil depositing individual methods spill etc. chemical or colonies solid waste

RESTORING MANGROVES They are the buffer zone between land and sea Mangroves are shoreline shields protecting the coastal land from cyclones and other disasters They prevent soil erosion They enrich the eco system by harbouring marine creatures like invertebrates, fishes , amphibians besides birds and animals like the tiger

RESTORATION AND PROTECTION OF WETLANDS Wetlands are the They ensure most productive protection from ecosystems that form flood, prevent swamps and flooded coastline erosion of with water they are soil and rich in rich in oxygen. resources at no cost They are even They provide high volumes known as biological of food for aquatic supermarkets creature and humans and because of shelter habitat for migratory birds

ENVIRONMENTAL ACHIEVEMENTS ON CENTRAL RAILWAY PLANTATIONS AND AFFORESTATION •18 lakh saplings being planted on vacant Central Railway land in last four years ensuring 90% survival •CSMT has also developed a herbal garden by planting 120 saplings. •Miyawaki plantation done today through BPCL’s CSR move with about 1000 saplings planted is the first of its type in Mumbai division with already 2 undertaken at Bhusaval. • Around 15 nursuries have been developed along various locations of Central Railway.

CENTRAL RAILWAY JOURNEYING THROUGH GREEN COVERS HERBAL GARDEN AT CSMT

WATER CONSERVATION ON CENTRAL RAIWAY Installation of Automatic coach Washing Plant at Wadi Bunder that will not just save time in coach washing but also save water. Commissioning of 3 more under process Quick Watering at Bhusaval

WATER SAVING PRACTICES Water Conserved from coach cleaning utilised for gardening the plants in railway premises

MECHANISED CLEANING INITIATIVES FOR HIGHER STANDARDS OF CLEANLINESS

WASTE MANAGEMENT INITIATIVES Waste Water Treatment facilities on Central Railway figures to a total of 27 numbers by way of Solid Treatment Plant(STP), Effluent Treatment Plant(ETP) and Water Recycling Plant(WRP). Compost Machines installed at various locations to make good the food wastes composts that in turn helps in good soil fertility for plantation activities VERMI COMPOST UNIT AT BSL COMPOST TUMBLER AT LNL WETGARBAGE SHREDDER AT BSL

SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT AT SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT AT PANDHARPUR MATUNGA WORKSHOP ETP AT BOOT LAUNDRY STP AT LATUR

ENERGY INITIATIVES ON CENTRAL RAILWAY TRACTION ENERGY Electrification of 407 route kms and 641 track kms in an initiative to achieve net zero carbon emissions. Provision of Chord lines by doubling of 68 kms to avoid retention and aggravate pollution free transportation Regenerative braking in EMU and electric locomotives Conversion of End on Generation System (EOG) to Head on Generation(HOG) HARNESSING RENEWABLE ENERGY Installation of Solar Plants of 4.4 MWP and wind mills of 43.4 kwp. Rooftop Solar panels installed on various railway buildings and stations. Energy efficient star rated air conditioned units, Solar water heaters, energy efficient fans in place of conventional fans, solar light pipes at roof of main line hall P/F 8-13 Use of Bio-diesel as alternative fuels 1. All 432 Stations,all 2650 buildings & 9668 staff quarters are fitted with LED lights.

ROOF TOP SOLAR PANELS ACROSS CENTRAL RAILWAY an energy saving Renewable energy measure through Solar fittings an energy saving measure

INITIATIVES ON CENTRAL RAILWAY TO FACILITATE CLEANLINESS AND HYGIENE PLASTIC BOTTLE CRUSHING MACHINES DUAL DUST BINS FOR DRY AND WASTE SANITARY VENDING MACHINES AND ININERATORS

BIOTOILETS ON CENTRAL RAILWAY ACHIEVING 100% FITMENT OF BIOTOILET S IN COACHES TO IMPROVE HYGIENE AND MAINTAIN CLEANLINESS IN THE ENVIRONMENT

GREEN INITIATIVES AWARDED WITH GREEN CERTIFICATIONS 1.Having adopted the best sustainable practices to reduce the negative impact on the environment, 38 Eco-smart stations on Central Railway have obtained IS)-140001. 2.Fulfilling the green initiatives in accordance with the requirement of IGBC council CSMT Mumbai has been credited with IGBC CII Gold certification. 3. Nagpur station of Central Railway has also obtained this certification. 4. Central Railway School& jr. College Kalyan has also obtained IGBC gold certification

ACHIEVING GOLD STANDARDS THROUGH GREEN PRACTICES

ENVIRONMENTAL ACHIEVEMENT THE PRESTIGIOUS RAILWAY MINISTERS ENVIONMENT & HOUSEKEEPING SHIELD

THANK YOU