CREC 6436 Canada in the World Pt III

Canada & the World CREC 6436 PART III International Relationships A brief overview of the functions and operations of Canada’s Department of Global Affairs Bob Hillier

Lets review how we got this far. We had a look at “Fort Pearson” Diplomatic Immunity What “Global Affairs” can do for you as a traveler The Political to-ing and fro-ing in the department Some of the main Players Cryptography. Government Security Departments Information the Government keeps about you Today we are going to look at International Allegiances

We have already looked at “Echelon” (5 flags or 5 eyes) Now we will consider some other relationships 1.The Commonwealth 2.The Francophonie 3.NORAD 4.NATO 5.NAFTA 6.APEC (TPP) 7.Other trade relationships China, Korea, Europe etc 8.OECD 9.Davos

The Commonwealth Current Commonwealth members (dark blue), current suspended members (green), former members (orange), and British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies (light blue) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Commo nwealth_of_Nations

La Francophonie https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_internationale_de_ la_Francophonie

NORAD North American Air Defense Headquarters - Cheyenne Mountain Complex Colorado In Peterson USAF Base also near Fort Collins (explain WWV WWVH) Atomic Clock A Canadian is always the Deputy Commander (currently Lt Gen St.Amand) there are also Many other RCAF personnel based there - There is always an RCAF officer as a member of the rostered duty team. Discuss False Alarms -Mid Canada, Pinetree and DEW lines Canadian Sector is controlled from CFB North Bay (north of Ottawa) SAGE is now closed. Canada West - CFB Cold Lake AB Canada East CGB Bagotville QC

Discuss U.S. Triad Nuclear “deterrent”. Russian TU – 95 Bear - Surveillance - Communications - General Stooging Russian TU – 160 Blackjack - Intercontinental Bomber similar to US B-1 Note NATO reporting codes B – Bomber F – Fighter Flanker, Fishbed, Fulllback H - Helicopter – Havoc, Hokum, Hind, Hip

How can you tell the difference between Canadian CF-18s and other Countries ? RCAF RAAF

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization http://www.nato.int/nato-welcome/ Canada’s NATO Contribution 1.Up until the mid 80s Canada maintained an Army Brigade Group and Air wing in Germany ARMY Lahr (in the Black Forest) now called Black Forest Airport North Rhine – Westphalia -Soest Hemer, Werl, Iserlohn

Current NATO contributions Operation ReAssurance – in Latvia 450 troops 2Bn RCR. http://www.forces.gc.ca/en/operations-abroad/nato-ee.page Standing Naval Force Atlantic SNMG1 Currently HMCS St John’s AWACS – Aerial Warning and Control Systems NATO Headquarters Brussels probably 50 – 100 personell Lt. General Haines CMM,MSC.CD

NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement#Canada http://www.naftanow.org/ Originally Canada – United States Free Trade Agreement in Jan 1988 (Bush/Mulroney) superseded in Jan 1994 by NAFTA (Mulroney/Bush/Salinas. Covers Agricultural Trade, Manufacturing, The Environment,Investments, Intellectual property, Mobility of Labour etc. Some results – The end of the Canada/US Auto arrangement - Movement of over 1 million US manufacturing jobs to Mexico (similar Canada) - Maquiladores - expansion of towns near the Mexican boarder - Lessening of environmental standards (common) - Loss of sovereignty of domestic companys Some serious problems that have arisen - Mexican farmers – loss of markets for corn - Softwood lumber - Discuss Ethyl Corp MMT, Lone Pine, Methanex, Tax law (investment trusts) Water exports

Trade volumes (million USD) Channel 2015 1993 Nominal increase Real increase* U.S.-Canada $518,217 $199,184 160.2% 63.5% U.S.-Mexico $481,543 $85,224 465.0% 255.0% Mexico-Canada $34,344 $4,052 747.6% 432.5% Trilateral $1,034,104 $288,460 258.5% 125.2% https://www.thebalance.com/nafta-pros-and-cons-3970481 https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/trump-nafta-canada-mexico-trudeau/article33715250/

APEC - ASIA PACIFIC ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION The leadup to the TPP An annual APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting is attended by the heads of government of all APEC members except Taiwan (which is represented by a ministerial-level official under the name Chinese Taipei as economic leader). The location of the meeting rotates annually among the member economies, and a famous tradition, followed for most (but not all) summits, involves the attending leaders dressing in a national costume of the host country. I was involved in the 2007 event in Sydney . The Canadian delegation 100+ were housed in the top 4 floors of the Renaissance hotel, The Americans were in the Intercontinental, The Chinese the Shangri La etc. Discuss Cairns, Secure coms, The “Chaser” incident, Harper speech to Australian Parliament etc. RCAF Polaris etc.

TPP in a nutshell Twelve countries that border the Pacific Ocean signed up to the TPP in February 2016, representing roughly 40% of the world's economic output. The pact aimed to deepen economic ties between these nations, slashing tariffs and fostering trade to boost growth. Members had also hoped to foster a closer relationship on economic policies and regulation. The agreement was designed so that it could eventually create a new single market, something like that of the EU. But all 12 nations needed to ratify it, before it could come into effect. Once Donald Trump won last year's election, the writing was on the wall for the TPP. US participation was the major linchpin for the deal. It may be possible for the other countries to forge a smaller scale pact in its place, but it can't go ahead in its current form. Those other member states are: Japan - the only country to have already ratified the pact - Malaysia, Vietnam, Singapore, Brunei, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Mexico, Chile and Peru.



Chaser incident Fake security passes used by the comedians. On 6 September 2007, eleven cast and crew of the Australian satirical TV comedy series, The Chaser's War on Everything including executive producer Julian Morrow and Chas Licciardello, were detained by police outside the InterContinental Hotel after driving a fake motorcade through the Sydney central business district and breaching an APEC security zone. [16] The group breached the secure area by masquerading as the motorcade of the Canadian delegation to APEC. Police only realised that the motorcade was a hoax when Chas Licciardello, dressed as Osama bin Laden, stepped out of an official-looking car replete with a Canadian flag flying from the bonnet, [17] outside the hotel, where U.S. President George W. Bush was staying. They were subsequently detained at Surry Hills Police Station for questioning, and charged with \"entering a restricted zone without justification\" under the APEC Meeting (Police Powers) Act 2007. [16][18] Licciardello, Morrow and nine other members of the production team were released on bail, to appear in court on 4 October 2007. The incident led to criticisms of the event's security, and the security of APEC restricted areas. [19] Their forged security passes contained the printed phrase \"It's pretty obvious this isn't a real pass\" above the photograph and \"JOKE\" next to it. On 28 April 2008 the charges against all eleven members were dropped by the New South Wales Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP) as it was considered that the police gave \"tacit\" permission for the group to enter the restricted zone by failing to identify the fake security badges.

Other trade relationships We have Bilateral agreements with a number of countries including China, Britain (the old Commonwealth trade setup) Discuss Commonwealth preference We used to help commonwealth countries under the Colombo Plan Discuss We have signed an agreement with Europe - Discuss ratification Stock exchange (Toronto is a major mining exchange, Vancouver mining Companies – Canada’s Support for these commercial operations in third world countries.) Pipelines Northern Gateway, Kinder-Morgan, Keystone, Energy East etc. Fishing agreements - North Atlantic Cod, North Pacific Salmon CBSA – US Border treaties https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_border

OECD – Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Founded in 1948 initially to administer the Marshall Plan HQ – Paris (has 34 members) What do they do (This is their Official Line) The OECD promotes policies designed: to achieve the highest sustainable economic growth and employment and a rising standard of living in Member countries, while maintaining financial stability, and thus to contribute to the development of the world economy; to contribute to sound economic expansion in Member as well as nonmember countries in the process of economic development; and to contribute to the expansion of world trade on a multilateral, nondiscriminatory basis in accordance with international obligations. Discuss World Bank 188 Countries based Washington – President is always a US nominee th IMF similar number of countries Head is always not an American Canada is 9 largest contributer Davos Meeting in Switzerland (World Economic Forum) Brings together prominent Business leaders and Politicians)

We are now coming to the end – one organization we haven’t discussed in detail except briefly in Part One is the United Nations The UN had always been a cornerstone of Canada’s relationship with the rest of the world and our policy Was not to get involved in any conflicts etc. except under the auspices of the UN we looked at some of those Instances. We had nearly always had a seat on the Security Council (15 members, 5 permanent and 10 elected. But because of our “tilt” towards US interventionist policies and blind support of Israel we could not get a seat From 2000 onwards. Discuss our 2010 attempt. Tuvalu, Fiji, Samoa, Marshall islands , Palau, Papua New Guinea, Nuie, etc. Canada 1948 – 1949 , 1958 – 1959 , 1967 – 1968 , 1977 – 1978 , 1989 – 1990 , 1999 – 2000 If we still have time we will look at the events at our Embassy in Israel during the US led invasion Of Iran in 2002.

That’s all folks, See you for the final 13 th February We are going to try and get a handle on the latest iteration or not of NAFTA