Magic Tree House Fact Tracker #7_ Titanic

A Note from Mary Pope Osborne About the When I write Magic Tree House® adventures, I love including facts about the times and places Jack and Annie visit. But when readers nish these adventures, I want them to learn even more. So that’s why my husband, Will, and my sister, Natalie Pope Boyce, and I write a series of non ction books that are companions to the ction titles in the Magic Tree House® series. We call these books Fact Trackers because we

love to track the facts! Whether we’re researching dinosaurs, pyramids, Pilgrims, sea monsters, or cobras, we’re always amazed at how wondrous and surprising the real world is. We want you to experience the same wonder we do—so get out your pencils and notebooks and hit the trail with us. You can be a Magic Tree House® Fact Tracker, too!

Here’s what kids, parents, and teachers have to say about the Magic Tree House® Fact Trackers: “They are so good. I can’t wait for the next one. All I can say for now is prepare to be amazed!” —Alexander N. “I have read every Magic Tree House book there is. The [Fact Trackers] are a thrilling way to get more information about the special events in the story.” —John R. “These are fascinating non ction books that enhance the magical time-traveling adventures of Jack and Annie. I lleoavrenitnhgesseo bmouockhs,, aensdpeIcdiaidllny’tAemveernickannowReivt!o”lution. I was —Tori Beth S. “th[Tehe[yM]aagriec aTnreeexceHlloeunste‘behcitniodn-t]heh-sacsensetsa’rtleodokinat wyohuart imagination! You can’t buy one without the other; they are such a complement to one another.” —Erika N., mom

—Erika N., mom “Magic Tree House [Fact Trackers] took my children on a jsoigunrinecyanftrohmistoFrricoagl eCvreenetks,! TPhenendsyeltvaailneida,mtaonusaols maraenay remarkable addition to the classic ction Magic Tree House books we adore!” —Jenny S., mom “[They] are very useful tools in my classroom, as they allow for students to be part of the planning process. tThoegetlheaerrn, iwnge inntdrofdaucctsedin itnheth[eFactctTiroancaklercs]omtopaenxitoennsd. Researching and planning classroom activities, such as our class Olympics based on facts found in Ancient Gleraerencienga!n”d the Olympics, help create a genuine love for —Paula H., teacher





TOesxbtocronpeyright © 2002 by Will Osborne and Mary Pope Illustrations copyright © 2002 by Sal Murdocca Cover photograph copyright © National Museums and GIraelllaenrdie,sUolsftNeroFrtohlekrnand Transport Museum. All rights reserved. HAlolursieghts reserved. Published in the United States by Random Children’s Books, a division of Random House, Inc., New pYuobrkli.sOherdigibnyalRlyandom House Children’s Books, New York, in 2002. RanadndAomSteHpopuinseg and the colophon are registered trademarks Stone Book and the colophon are trademarks of Random House, Inc. Magic Tree Hunoduesre liisceanrseeg.istered trademark of Mary Pope Osborne; used kTnhoewMnaagsicthTeree House Fact Tracker series was formerly Magic Tree House Research Guide series. Visit us on the Web! MagicTreeHouse.com www.randomhouse.com/kids

www.randomhouse.com/kids Educators and librarians, for a variety of teaching tools, visit us at www.randomhouse.com/teachers Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Osborne, Will. Tililtuasntricat/edbybyWSialll OMsubrodroncecaa.nd Mary Pope Osborne; p. cm. — (Magic tree house fact tracker) e1I.STBiNta:n9i7c8(-S0t-e3a0m7s-h9i7p5)1—9J-u5venile literature. 2. Shipwrecks— North Atlantic Ocean—Juvenile literature. 3. Survival after airplane aectcc.i—deJnutvse,nshilieplwitreercaktsu,re. I. Osborne, Mary Pope. II. Murdocca, Sal, ill. III. Title. GR530.T6 O63 2011 910.9163’4—dc22 2010052316 Random House Children’s Books supports the First Amendment and celebrates the right to read. v3.1

For Joe Harmston Historical Consultant: KAREN KAMUDA, Vice President, The Titanic Historical Society Inc.®, and Publisher, The Titanic Commutator Education Consultant: MELINDA MURPHY, Media Specialist, Reed Elementary SHcohuosotol,n, CTeyxparsess Fairbanks Independent School District, Once again, special thanks to Paul Coughlin for his ongoing pcrheoattoivgeraptheiacmcoanttriRbauntidoonmtoHtohueses:erJieosananned tYoatoesu,r Hsuepleenrba Winston, Diane Landolf, Cathy Goldsmith, Mallory Loehr, and as always, our wonderful editor, Shana Corey.

Cover Title Page Copyright Dedication 1. The Biggest Ship in the World 2. Sailing Day 3. Life on the Titanic 4. Iceberg! 5. All Hands on Deck 6. Into the Lifeboats 7. The Titanic Sinks

8. Rescue 9. Lessons from the Titanic 10. Finding the Titanic Doing More Research Index About The Authors







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In 1906, a British company called the Cunard T(khyeoos-hNipAsRDw)erLeinlearglaeunacnhdedcotmwfoortnaebwle. sThihpesy. qcouuicldklycrobsesctahmeeAttlhaentmicoOstcepaonpiunlafirvoecdeaayns.lTinheerys in the world. Large passenger ships that travel on the open seas are called ocean liners.

A few years later, news of three new ocean lsihnieprsswbeegreanbetoingspbreuaildt faorrouancdomthpeawnyorcladl.leTdhtehsee White Star Line. The White Star ships would not wbeouqluditbeeamsufcahstlaarsgethreanCdufnaanrcdiesrh. iSposm, ebupteothpeley called them “floating palaces.”

One of these floating palaces was the Titanic. Titanic means “huge and powerful.” TitIatntioc.okWhmenorethethsahniptwwoasyeanrisshetod, bituiwldasthaes l1o1n-gstoarsythbrueieldfionogt.baIltl haedldsr.oIotmwaosnasbtoalalrdas faonr more than 2,500 passengers. It was the biggest ship in the world. In Greek mythology, the Titans were a race of giants.

The Titanic was built at a shipyard in Belfast, Ireland. byMaucmh aonf tnhaempeladnnTihnogmoafsthAenTdirteawnisc. wAansddreownes ptraiesdsentgoerms akaes tphoesssihbilpe. aHs ecominfcolurtdaebdle sfeovreriatsl dining rooms, restaurants, and cafés. One of the Acanfoésthehradloorkeeadl jiuvsyt lgirkoewiangsiduepwaltkhecawféallisn. Paris.

T h e Titanic had a gym with exercise mowacnhisnweismamndinmg epcohoaln—icoanl ehoorfsetsh.eIt arlsstoehveard oitns an ocean liner.

an ocean liner. Thomas Andrews tried to make the Titanic as dsaofuebales pbooststiobmle., Ttohoa.t Tmheeasnhtipthwatasanbyutihltinwgitthhaat hit the bottom would have to rip through two thick layers of steel to cause a leak.

The lower part of the ship was also divided icnatuose1d6 apacrotms, poarrtcmomenptatrotmbeenctso.mIfe anooacdceidd,enitt could be sealed o from the rest of the ship. ETviteannicifcofouuldr sctoamy apfalortamt.ents were ooded, the Andrews thought these safety features made tpheeopTlietaenvicenthceallseadfetshteshTiiptanoinc “tuhnesionckeaabnl.e.S”ome Getting Ready Once the Titanic was built, it had to be tested. pOrnactAicpedriltu2rn,in1g91th2e, sthhiep lceaftp,tariignht,anadnd cirnewa cTihrcelye.prTahcteiycedprruacntnicinedg asttadritfifnergenatnsdpeestdosp. ping. A ship’s tests are called its sea trials. After its sea trials, hundreds of workers got tphaeinTtiintagnriocormeasdayndforlapyiansgsecnagrepres.ts.TThehyey lnoiashdeedd tons of food and coal on board. reaFdinyatlolys,aiol.n April 10, 1912, the Titanic was

ready to sail. Even though its rst voyage was scheduled to be only a week long, the Titanic needed a lot of supplies. Here are some of the things it carried:





For its rst voyage, the Titanic was to sail from wSoouutlhdammapktoens,toEpnsglaalnodn,g tthoeNweway iYnoFrkranCcietya.nIdt Ireland. The trip would take about a week.

The captain of the Titanic was Edward Smith. wCaitphtaitnheSWmhitihte hSatdar sLaiinleed. Hfoer wneaasrlpyla4n0ninygeatros retire after the Titanic’s first voyage.

thaCnap8t0ai0n pSemopitlhe.cTohmemreanwdeerde ao crceewrs otfo mstoeerer the ship while Captain Smith ate his meals or sclheaprtgeionf thhies Tciatabninic.’sTghiaenrteenwgeinreese.nTghinereeerws erine stotokkeeresptothsehoevneglinceosalruinntnointgh.e ATnitdantihc’esrebowileerres hundreds of workers to take care of the Titanic’s

hundreds of workers to take care of the Titanic’s passengers. Boilers are tanks where water is heated to make steam. Sixty chefs would cook the passengers’ meals. Thirty-six dishwashers would wash up after tshteewma.rdesseSsevweoraulld clehanuntdhreeidr srtoeowmasrdasnd wanaidt coanfétsh.em in the dining rooms, restaurants, and The rst passenger to come aboard the

The rst passenger to come aboard the TAintadnreicwsonarrAivperdil a1t0 thweasdoTchkomaats 6A:3n0dretwhast. morning. He wanted to make sure everything onAbnodarredwtshewsohrirpiedwathsaptesrofmecet.of the deck chairs wsheorueldtoobemaandyiscerreewnts icnolsoorm. eHeoftthhoeuhghatt rtahcekrse. He wished he had made the library smaller so htheermeucsotuhldavbeebmeeonrevreoroympsrofourdpoafssheinsgsehrisp. Stthilalt, daLy.ater that morning, other passengers began to arrive. Over 1,300 people had bought tickets to sYaoirlko.nOtthheersTwitaenreic.taSkoinmgeahvaadcabtiuosnin.eMssaniny wNeerwe moving to America to start a new life. bMutoastfeowf thhuenTdirtaendicw’soupladssbeonagredrsthsaeilsehdipfrionmFrEanngcleanadn,d Ireland. theAms thned tphaesisrenwgaeyrstoartrhievierd,rostoemwsa.rdRsoohmelspoend the Titanic were divided into three groups—first class, second class, and third class.

There were passengers on the Titanic from at least 33 countries. First-class rooms were on the upper decks. Nweearerlyvearlyl rtihceh. pTahsseernegewrseretrabvaenliknegrs, rwstr-ictlearsss, painters, and department store owners. There pwlaasyear.movie actress and a world-famous tennis ThAereticwkeetreforevaen rstwt-colassestrsooomf crosts-tcloavsesrr$o4o0m0s. that cost $3,300 each—more than a brand-new cloanrgcoasntdinhathdotsheediraoysw. nThpersievartoeoomustdwoeorred5e0ckfse.et In 1912, $400 was worth more than $5,000 in today’s money. serMvaanntys. Mrosts-tcloafssthepassesrevnagnetrss habdrourogohmt salnoenagr the people they worked for.

theSiormpeets.rstT-chlearses pwaesrseenagterlseaaslstonbinroeugdhotgsalaonndg vseovyeargael. prize chickens and roosters on the Passengers traveling second-class paid much lseescsonfdor-cltahsesirtitcikckeettsw. aTshe$6av5e.raTgheeprriocoemfsor ina second class were not as fancy as those in rst wclaosms,abnuwt rthoetey twhaetretrastvielllivnegryinnsiececo. nOdneclaysosuonng the Titanic was like staying in a first-class hotel.

traMveolsint g oifn thitrhde Tcliatasns.ic’Ms anpyasosefntgheerms wweerree immigrants. That means they were leaving their home countries to live in America. There were more passengers traveling in third class than in second and first classes combined. Third-class passengers paid about $35 for fthuernirishetdic,kbeutst.theTyhewirere rcoleoamnsandwecoremfosritmabplley. They were much nicer than the third-class rooms on other ships of the day.

The Titanic Sails tAotoka afewwaymthineuwteaslkbwefaoyrse lneoadoinn,gcorenwto mtheemsbheiprs. Tthheeyddorcokp. pFedrietnhdes,ropreelsattihvaets,tieadndtheneTwitaspniacpteor reporters watched as tugboats pulled the Titanic out into the harbor.

Passengers crowded the decks of the ship as it gslooowdlbyyemtoovethdeirtofwriaernddsthaendsefaam. iTliheesybawckavoedn the dock. doTckhecThietearneidc.bSleowmeitsbwlehwistlkeiss.sePseoapnlde ownavthede haTnhdkeeTricthaineifcs.was on its way. HTietraeniacrepajusssetnagfeerws coafmtheefrpoemopalell wwhaolkssaiolefdliofen. the ship.

John Jacob Astor was one of the richest men in hthoenewyomroldo.nHien wEuarsopone ahnisd wEgayyphtowmitehfhroismnehwis wife, Madeleine. Karl Behr and Helen Newsom had been cmlaostshmeratdeisd. Knaortl awpapsroinvelo. vHeewleinthanHdelheenr, bmuotthheerr boarded the Titanic in Southampton. Karl

boarded the Titanic in Southampton. Karl boarded in Cherbourg, surprising Helen’s maftoetrhethre! THietalennic’asnvdoyKaagrel. were married a year Lawrence Beesley was a science teacher in London, England. He was on vacation. He took mboaonkyanbootuest idtu. ring the voyage and later wrote a

Rwuitthh Btehcekierr amnodthReicrhaarnddBescikseterr.weTrehetyravweleinreg rmetiussrinoinnagryf.rom India, where their father was a Millvina Dean was the youngest passenger on

MthiellTviintaaniDc—easnhewwasasthoenlyyonuinngeeswt epeakssseonlgde!rHoenr brother, Bertram, was almost two. When they gBreerwtramupw, oMriklelvdinbauiwldoinrkgesdhidprsa.wing maps and Anna So a Turja grew up in Finland and spoke nShoeEnshgalirsehd. Saherowoams troanvetlhinegTtiotaOnihciowfiothr athjorebe. other immigrants.

After sailing from Southampton, the Titanic’s rst stop was Cherbourg, France. The ship arrived at dusk. It picked up more passengers and set sail again at about 8:30 P.M. Twenty-four passengers and a canary got off the ship at Cherbourg.

The ship’s next stop was Queenstown,

The ship’s next stop was Queenstown, Ifroellloanwdi.ngIt adraryiv.edOvtherereaarhouunnddrelduncphatismseengtehres boarded the ship at Queenstown. Most were immigrants traveling in third class. Seven passengers got off the ship at Queenstown. Then, at around 2:00 oP.uMt.toonthTehouprsednays,eaAapnridl 11, the Titanic steamed headed for New York. For the next three days, everything went smoothly. The weather was chilly but beautiful. The ship was making good time. It was even possible that the Titanic would arrive in New York ahead of schedule.

The passengers spent their days enjoying the sphaisps.enEgaecrhs ccolauslsd hgaodfoarnwoaulktssidoer dseitcka,ndwhcehraet with each other and enjoy the sea air. dinEiancgh rooof mth.eThthereerstc-lcalsassessdainlsionghraodomitscoouwlnd

dseiantinogveroro5m5.0Tpheeoplrest.-cIltawssadsinthineglarrogoemst croooumld on any ship at sea! Once the ship was under way, the three classes of passengers were not allowed to mix with each other. wiFdiersvt-acrliaestsy opfasfsoeondgsearst ecvoeurlydmcehaol.oAsemofrnogmthea many dishes on their menus were fresh lobster, rcoreaasmt d. uckling, fancy puddings, and French ice

larTghee. Psaescsoenndge-crlsaasstedtiongientgherrooatmlowngastaabllseos.vTehrey food was similar to the food in rst class, but theDruerwinegremfeeawlse,rtwchooiscmesa.ll orchestras played for tmheusiciarsnts- aalsnod gasevceoncdo-ncclearstss ipnastsheengerrss.t- Tanhde second-class lounges, where passengers drank, chatted, played cards, and smoked. An orchestra is a group of musicians who play together. The meals in third class were much simpler twhaasn pthleonstey ionf grostoda,ndhesaelctohnydfocolads.s.TBhuirtd-tchlearses manedaldsesinsecrltusd. ed soups, stews, biscuits, potatoes, There was no orchestra for the third-class epnatsesertnaginemrs.ent.StiSlle,vertahlertehirdw-calasss ppleanssteyngeorsf hoaftdenbprolauygehdt walhoinleg omthuesricathliridn-sctlrausms epnatsss.enTgheerys danced.

Since the early 1900s, ships had been using an invention called the wireless. The wireless smenestsmageesssaagreescualsliendg trealdeigorawmasv.es. These kinds of

forMathneyirpafsrsieenngdesrsatnhdougfahmt iitliewsoutold rbeeceaivtereaat Ttehleegyrakmeptfrothme mtheenbiinggtehset wshiripeleisns othecewobrulsdy. day and night sending messages. TitOannict’hsepasrssetngfeerws hdaadysnoofhinthteoirf wvohyaatgwe,asthtoe come. As one rst-class passenger later wrote, “I oennjothyeedsemasyhsoerlef,assuirfroIuwndereedibnyaevsuermymcoemr pfoarlta.”ce weNreonfielleodf twhiethpdaassnegnegre.rs knew the seas ahead What did kids on the Titanic do for fun? The answer was different for different classes: ThOeynlycofuivlde cshwilidmreinnwtheerestwraimvemliningginpoorslt. cTlhaessy. cmoeuclhdantircyalohuotrsea inrotwheinggymm. achine or ride a

ThTewy ecnotuy-ltdwoplcahyilodnrenthteravseecleodndin-clsaescsonddeccklasosr. read books in the second-class library. Third class had the greatest number of young passengers—73 children. During the day, they

passengers—73 children. During the day, they ycoouulndg pbloayy loatnerarethmiredm-cblaesrsedousntdeoakoirngdedcokw. nOntoe the lower decks and waving to stokers in the boiler rooms.