Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology and Far East. In fact, the for the Applied Chemistry. scholars were advised to take During his time, a scheme was up subjects relating to technical initiated in the department for and industrial training as imparting training in large-scale well. Alongside, distinguished production of certain industrial scholars of the foreign goods. Similarly, the seats were Universities were duly invited increased for Applied Physics, to deliver special courses here, and the department opened so as to benefit our students. a course for Communication Engineering, which at present In today‘s world, we is Information Technology. cannot think of education Besides, Archaeology course which is detached from day in the Intermediate stage, to day needs. Today‘s career Astronomy in B.Sc and building courses can track its Mathematics in Honours course source in the bygone days, were started. Experimental when Syamaprasad thought Psychology was introduced at of vocational and practical the graduation level. training to be undertaken by the university and colleges. In 1934 David Hare Training We owe a great deal to this College and Loreto House were great educationist for the made institutions of higher establishment of various education through his efforts. new streams, and thereby bring about new avenues of To attract students in military employment, which was so training he introduced courses much needed in independent in military studies. Later, with India. collaboration of the Indian Air Force a three-month internship Syamaprasad wanted the programme was started in the Science College to widen University of Calcutta. its activities so that it could initiate new courses for varied Today‘s India is aware that industrial careers. So he took agriculture contributes largely initiative to reorganise science to the economy. Years back, laboratories. For example, a Syamaprasad felt the same. He new building was constructed therefore, brought the study of |49
Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology Agriculture under the banner smoothly with his seniors as of the University. He wanted well as juniors. the students to explore science and its technology with regard His contribution as Central to agriculture, so as to increase minister of Industries and the productive power of land. supply: Without any encouragement from the Government of the The very stone of India‘s day he put into effect a scheme economic and industrial for agricultural education and development was set rolling introduced the diploma course by Syamaprasad. The present in Agriculture. Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi credited him with laying Syama Prasad went on to a solid foundation to India’s propose and start new vocations, industrialisation in his capacity courses for employment to as the country’s first Industry Indian youths, especially in the Minister during 1947 to 1950. field of Navy, Army, Airforce, “The first industrial policy of Trade, Commerce and Industry. independent India of 1948 had Mookerjee’s signature all over Syama Prasad Mookerjee it,” PM Modi said in his ‘Mann Ki Baat’ address on 24 June 2018. was very close to Acharya Dr. Mookerjee aimed to build self reliant India with all round P C Ray, who retired from expertise in every field. Calcutta University in 1921 at the age of 60 years but his service was extended due to his S h ya m a p r a s a d ’s indispensability. Acharya did visionary approach towards not accept any salary during industrialization involved these years, instead donated the realizing a pragmatic entire amount to the University. collaboration between the When Acharya Ray reached the private and the public sector. age of 75 in 1937, Syama Prasad This approach decisively saved refused to let him go, thereby the nation from going down appointing him as Professor the path of indiscriminate Emeritus. Syama Prasad nationalization and government had the great quality of working control. It lent a firm foundation 50|
Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology to India’s industrial journey. by the State. This category Some of the notable aspects included strategic sectors , of his vision for the nation’s mainly arms & ammunitions, industrialization are stated atomic energy, river valley below: projects and railways. The second category included First - India to follow the those where the State was to path of a “mixed economy”: take primary lead. However, The policy envisaged India to the private sector could extend follow the path of a “mixed cooperation as required subject economy”. In this aspect, roles to controls and regulations. and responsibilities from the This included coal, iron & steel, government as well as the aircraft, telephone, telegraph private sector were laid out and wireless, ship-building clearly. This was based on and mineral oils etc. The third a pragmatic assessment of category comprised remaining resources, expertise, interests of segments where private sectors private sector and priorities of were expected to take a lead the nation (including national subject to regulations. This safety, security, self-sufficiency included some industries, such etc.). This also meant that the as fertiliser, cotton & woolen government was willing to take textiles, paper & newsprint etc. the private enterprise along for nation building. Third - The model of intervention to be a public Second - State (all levels sector corporation (PSC) led of the government including industrialization: The policy the union, state, provincial provided for state intervention and municipal) to drive through a public sector development of some segments corporation or undertaking. of industries: Industries were Dr. Mookerjee could foresee classified into three categories the extent of inefficiency and on the basis of the role expected lethargy that absolute state- from the State. Development of control could bring if the the first category of industries departments or ministries lead was to be solely led the initiatives. So, the model opted was through corporations |51
Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology where the government industrial journey of the nation, provided share capital while he could also accomplish executive leadership were to remarkable progress at the be comprised of government’s ground level. Dr. Mookerjee nominees and private sector played a crucial role in getting industrialists. large-scale projects successfully kick-started within his short Fourth - Specific emphasis tenure of about two and on promoting small scale & half years. These projects cottage industries through included: (a) the Chittaranjan acknowledging the inter- Locomotive Works factory at linkage between these Chittarajan (for manufacturing industries and large-scale electric locomotives); (b) the sectors: Another visionary Hindustan Aircraft Factory aspect of his policy was Bangalore (the predecessor the specific emphasis on to Hindustan Aeronautics developing the nation’s small Limited (HAL) Bangalore); (c) scale and cottage industries. Sindri Fertilizer factory; (d) Dr. Mookerjee understood Damodar Valley Corporation the importance of small scale and (e) Hirakud Dam Project and cottage industries, and at river Mahanadi in Orissa. proposed measures to enhance Dr. Mookerjee also conceived co-ordination and integration of plans to set up steel factory these segments with large scale at Bhilai (now Chattisgarh), a industries. He also laid a path to newsprint factory (the National establish dedicated institutions Newsprint & Paper Mills such as Cottage Industries Ltd.) and also set-up robust Board, Cottage & Small Scale institutional mechanisms for Industries Directorate, All India handloom industry, cotton Handicrafts Board, All India textile industry and other small- Handloom Board and Khadi scale and cottage industries. & Village Industries board to In fact, his success in kicking push development of these these large projects off within industries. a short period showed how to implement such development While the above policy initiatives. The scale, size and created a solid base for the 52|
Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology strategic importance of these His role as Vice-President of projects have played and the Council of Scientific and still continue to play a major Industrial Research (CSIR) role in the journey of Indian industrialization, and are Dr. Mukherjee understood still considered as landmarks that for industrial development in India’s industrialization of the country, research journey. They are a live in various scientific and testimony to the proud legacy engineering subjects is that Dr. Mookerjee left as the necessary. In this direction, first Industry and Supplies the Council of Scientific and minister of independent India. Industrial Research (CSIR) was already established in 1942. After articulating his Dr. Mukherjee became its first Vice-President (ex-officio) in vision through the first the independent India, and took initiative for its expansion. industrial policy, Dr. Mookerjee In course of time, more than 40 research laboratories (a few dedicated most of his time to was amalgamated afterwards) were established throughout implementing the projects on India. According to Prof. R.A. Mashelkar, Ex Director General ground. The fact that many of CSIR―the strong foundation laid as a result of the pioneering large-scale projects were started efforts of Dr. Mookerjee has enabled the CSIR to achieve its and some got commissioned as current status of a premier level. In fact, NPL (National Physical well during his tenure proved Laboratory) was founded under his behest. Due to his tireless that he was a doer to the effort, the Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute was core. His achievements as the established. He worked very closely with Dr. Meghnad Saha Industry minister tell us that not on formulating Atomic Enery only was he a sharp intellectual but he was also a great administrator—someone who brought on the table a problem solving attitude, pragmatic outlook and relentless focus on getting things done. These accomplishments speak volumes about his leadership and administrative acumen. |53
Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology policy of India for generation Acknowledgement: I of Electricity. Today‘s Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics was gratefully acknowledge the inaugurated by Dr. Mookerjee in 1948. help and guidance provided The noble son of our land by Professor Dr. Pataki Charan who breathed his every breath for a united educated India had Banerjee, D. Sc, in writing this fallen to political conspiracy. Let us keep politics behind article. He not only took up the and pay our heartfelt respect to the noble son, who lived pain of editing and some time and embraced martyrdom as a valiant lion so that we may live rewriting passages, but also in unity, safety and peace. provided important inputs of information and its sources, which was real value addition. He laboured more than me and spent valuable time to bring the article to present shape. REFERENCE 1. Shodhganga a reservoir of Indian thesis Life and activities of Syama Prasad Mukherji Chapter III Present relevance of the study of Syama Prasad Mukherji Chapter VIII 2 Vice-Chancellor Syamaprasad — A Reassessment - . Professor Lipi Ghosh . 3. শ্যামাপ্রসাদ মখু �োপাধ্যায় – উইকিপিডিয়া Bengali 4 Syama Prasad Mukherjee – Wikipedia 5 Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee : His role in creating the foundation of India’s Industrial journey Kishore Desai Officer on Special Duty, Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister (EAC-PM) Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee Research Foundation 6 Biography - Dr. Shyama Prasad Mookerjee www.shyamaprasad.org › biography 7 Maan ki Baat 24 June 2018 Lecture of Mananiya Narendra Modi, Prime Minister, India Compiled by Kalyan Kumar Ganguli, ex Governing Council member, Vijnana Bharati. 54|
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Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology 1946 A ×Tö×X YÒU] [ýçe_ç \\öçãGÌ[ý EõUç ×XWýX C a+×wø _Ç»RôO, %×GÂaeã^çG [ýã_×»K÷ã_X* AÌ[ý ×Y»K÷ãXÌ[ý H»RôOXçYÒ[ýçc÷ YÇãÌ[ýçYÇ×Ì[ý Wýã]ïÌ[ý ×\\ö×wøãTö £Ì[ýÓ c÷Ì^* Y^ïçã_ç»JôXç EõÌ[ýã_ `îç]çYÒaçãVÌ[ý a×PöEõ EõeäGÐa _ç×_Tö Eõ×]=×XºRôO c÷O×Töc÷ça×[ýV ]É_îçÌ^ãX aÇ×[ýWýç c÷ã[ý* LCc÷Ì[ý_ç_ C a]çL×[ýVÌ[ýç AÌ[ý LXî C`î\"ç]saçYfeÒalçaVnãdE'õ Ø‘öTöfYÒãXç×VTö \\öçã[ý \\öçÌ[ýTöÌ[ýçrÑôãTö TgöçÌ[ý ×c÷³VÇãVÌ[ý [ýgç»JôçãXçÌ[ý [ýa[ýçaEõçÌ[ýÝ ]Ça×_]ãVÌ[ý WýX, a+×wø, AÌ[ý WýçÌ[ýSçãEõ VçÌ^Ý EõãÌ[ý* AEõUç [ý_ç \\ Wý]ï C YÒçSÌ[ýlùçÌ[ý GîçÌ[ýç׳RôO ×VãTö éTö×Ì[ý öçã_ç å^ TgöçÌ[ý TöFX acÌ[oýçmam×Ì[uý n×ci÷s³tVÇ ×a[gýãeÌ[nýçdWaýÝ UçEõã_C Yç×EõØ™öçãX %XÇÌ[ýÖY %çc÷OãXÌ[ý C \\öçÌ[ýTö×[ýãÌ[ýçWýÝ ×X]ïçãS ×L~ç, ×_Ì^çEõTö %ç_ÝãVÌ[ý %XÇaÌ[ýS EõãÌ[ý×»K÷_* Ac÷Oa]Ì^ GçµùÝãEõ %XçGÐc÷ ×»K÷_* A×VãEõ `Ì[ýd »Jô³VÐ å[ýça ]Ça×_] åXTöçÌ[ýç ×[ýVÐÓY EõÌ[ýTö [ýã_ GçµùÝ A[ýe §ãaX `ç×c÷V aÇÌ[ýç[ýVÞÌ[ýç Vç×[ý ]Ça×_]ãVÌ[ý ×Eõ»KÇ÷ Xç [ýã_ ×c÷³VÇãVÌ[ýãEõ EõÌ[ýã_X [ý†ãV`ãEõ ×XãÌ^ %ç_çVç Ì[ýçrÑô cCY÷OaaÌ[lý_çc]uç`ãt]tïaÌ[åýkViXlXl*içnã]gA'*Ì[%ýYTTÌö[FöîýçX»J%ôçÌ[×çcýã÷a³VaÇ 'ctbh÷îaecEkglõrÌ[aeýsçaÌ[htý éTö×Ì[ý åc÷çEõ* [ýçe_çÌ[ý ]Ça×_] _ÝG AÌ[ý \\öãÌ^ LCc÷Ì[ý_ç_ åUãEõ ]ç=³RôO[ýîçä»RôOX åXTöçãVÌ[ý WýçÌ[ýSç ×»K÷_ å^ Ac÷O\\öçã[ý Ì[ýçrÑô C ×[ýÐ×»RôO` aÌ[ýEõçÌ[ýC [ýçe_ç×[ý\\öçG å]ãX G×PöTö c÷ã_ TgöçÌ[ýçC åXãc÷Ì[ýÓ C ×L~çÌ[ý \\×XöçãÌ[TýãöT[öÌ[ýçýWý]î ãcW÷Xýî *sa[fýeçI-høç×o_me×lca÷³nVdÇ %çL å^ ]ãTöç åXTöç c÷ãTö YçÌ[ýã[ý %çÌ[ý ]Ça×_] åYãÌ^ä»K÷ YÒWýçX Ì[ýçrÑô c÷CÌ^çÌ^ TgöçÌ[ýç Wý]ÞÌ^ YÒ\\öç[ý C TöçÌ[ý Ì[ýçLêX×TöEõ C aç]ç×LEõ åXTÊöã±¼öÌ[ý ]Ça×_] `çaãXÌ[ý ×»JôÌ[ýØšöçÌ^Ý [ýã³Vç[ýäØ™öÌ[ý YÇãÌ[ýç\\öçãG `îç]çYÒaçV* YÌ[ý[ýTöÞãTö %çãÌ[ýEõ×»RôO Ì[ýçrÑô Yçã[ý* Ac÷O WýçÌ[ýSç»RôOç ×c÷³VÇ Eõç`½ÝãÌ[ýÌ[ý å^ WýçÌ[ýç VÇ×»RôOÌ[ý ×[ýãÌ[ýç×WýTöç EõãÌ[ý [ýçIøç×_ åXTöçÌ[ýç ×XãLãVÌ[ý åXTöç c÷CÌ^çÌ[ý ×Tö×X åEõ. ×a. ×XãÌ^çGÝÌ[ý aㆠaÌ[ýEõçãÌ[ýÌ[ý Ø‘öçãUï =ãYlùç EõãÌ[ý×»K÷ã_X* Ì[ýã]` »Jô³VÐ åUãEõ YVTöîçG EõãÌ[ý×»K÷ã_X TöçÌ[ý åac÷O ]LÇ]VçÌ[ý ×_×FTö \\öçã[ý `îç]çYÒaçVãEõ %a+ÉSï EõçL [ýTöÛ]çX aÌ[ýEõçÌ[ý a+~ a]UïX EõãÌ[ýX* `îç]çYÒaçV [ýçe_çÌ[ý EõãÌ[ýä»K÷X* ×_Ì^çEõTö %ç_ÝÌ[ý açãU \\öçG EõãÌ[ý ×c÷³VÇ %WýÇî×bTö %‡û_ãEõ åXc÷Ì[ýÓÌ[ý åac÷O »JÇô×Nþ åXãc÷Ì[ýÓ ]çXã_C ×L~ç \\öçÌ[ýTö\\Çö×NþÌ[ý YÒØ™öç[ý EõãÌ[ýX* %Eõç»RôOî ]çãXX×X* `îç]çYÒaçV £WýÇ å^ AEõLX ^Ç×Nþ aç×LãÌ^ ×Tö×X _Qïö ]ç=³RôO[ýîçä»RôOXãEõ \\ö×[ýbîdVÐrôç, VÊ»RÍôä»JôTöç Ì[ýçLêX×TöEõc÷O ×»Jô×Pö å_ãFX* TgöçÌ[ý Vç×[ýÌ[ý a]UïãX ×»K÷ã_X Töç XÌ^, ×Tö×X a]çLãa[ýçC LX]Tö [ýçQÍöãTö UçãEõ* AãTöc÷O [ý†ÝÌ^ å^]X EõãÌ[ýä»K÷X, ×`lùç LGãTöC ×Tö×X ]Ça×_] åXTöçãVÌ[ý Ø‘öçãUï %çHçTö YäQÍö* TgöçÌ[ý VÊ»RÍô×»JôãwøÌ[ý »JôçY åÌ[ýãFä»K÷X* TgöçÌ[ýç ×L~çÌ[ý Qöçc÷OãÌ[ýkô %îçEõ`ãXÌ[ý QöçãEõ [ýçe_çÌ[ý c÷O×Töc÷çãa AEõ Eõ_e×EõTö %WýîçÌ^ æYÒ×aãQö׳a Eõã_L åUãEõ c÷OeãÌ[ý×LãTö Ì[ý»JôXç EõãÌ[ýX* ØoöçTöãEõ YÒU] c÷CÌ^çÌ[ý YÌ[ý ×Tö×X Eõ_EõçTöç åXçÌ^çFç_ÝãTö ×X×[ýï»JôçãÌ[ý ×c÷³VÇ [ýçIøç×_ |57
Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology ×[ý`Ÿ×[ýVîç_Ì^ åUãEõ [ýcçe÷X_*çãTTö öØçÌ[oöçýYTöãÌ[Eý õçwBøLÌ[ý Ì[ý[ýݳVÐXçU PöçEÇõÌ[ýãEõ a]ç[ýTöÛãX VÝlùçãÜ™ö YÌ[ýÝlùçãTöC YÒU] \\öçbS åVÌ^çÌ[ý LXî ×XãÌ^ %çãaX* Aa[ý EõãÌ[ýX* YãÌ[ý ×YTöçÌ[ý ]ÊTÇöîÌ[ý YãÌ[ý åUãEõ å[ýçMõç ^çÌ^ å^ ×Tö×X å^]X XîçÌ^ c÷Oe_îçã³QöÌ[ý ×_áøX c÷OX åUãEõ [ýîç×Ì[ýºRôOçÌ[ý C aãTöîÌ[ý YãU a[ýïVç %×[ý»Jô_ ×»K÷ã_X c÷X* åTö]×X ^UçUï Wý]ï×XÌ[ýãYlù a]çãLÌ[ý YãlùC ×»K÷ã_X* AFXEõçÌ[ý a'i]slçaãmLiÌ[cý ×Tö×X ]çy åTö×Åy` [ý»K÷Ì[ý [ýÌ^ãa Eõ×XrôTö] AseEcuõ×»RlaôO rismØ‘öçUYïçãÒ»JXôçÌb[ýÝ %eã`Ì[ý =Yç»Jôç^ï ×c÷ãaã[ý Eõ_EõçTöç ×[ý`Ÿ×[ýVîç_ ^ç TöFX EõeäGÐãaÌ[ý Ì^ Vç×Ì^±¼ö\\öçÌ[ý GÐc÷S EõãÌ[ýX* TgöçãEõ `Ýbï åXTÊöã±¼öÌ[ý %ãXãEõ TgöçãVÌ[ý EõçãLÌ[ý =ã`îYÒãSç×VTö \\öçã[ý £WýÇ ×c÷³VÇãVÌ[ý ]ãWýî ×VãÌ^ EõãÌ[ýä»K÷X TöçÌ[ý ×[ýãÌ[ýç×WýTöç EõãÌ[ý åXTöç ×c÷ãaã[ý ×»Jô×c÷ÔTöEõÌ[ýS å^ ×]Uîç TöçÌ[ý `îç]çYÒaçV %ãXãEõÌ[ý ×[ýÌ[ýçG\\öçLX c÷ã_C %ãXEõm×_ YÒ]çX ×Tö×X =Yç»Jôç^ï Eõ] \\öçÌ[ýãTöÌ[ý ×c÷³VÇãVÌ[ý [ýgç»JôçÌ[ý Ì[ýçØ™öç TgöçÌ[ýc÷O ïEõçã_ åÌ[ýãF åGä»K÷X* TgöçÌ[ý a]ãÌ^ ×[ý×\\ö~ åXTÊöã±¼ö %çWýÇ×XEõ \\öçÌ[ýTö YÒU] åVãF* vernacular ×[ýbãÌ^ ×[ý`Ÿ×[ýVîç_ãÌ^Ì[ý YPöX TgöçÌ[ý ×`lùçLGãTö %[ýVçãXÌ[ý Ø‘öÝEÊõ×Tö YçPöX »Jôç_Ç c÷Ì^* TgöçÌ[ý =ãVîçãG islamic ×c÷ãaã[ý ×Tö×X EDõ._LEiõtç.TöYç çX×[*ý`Ÿ×[ýVîç_Ì^ history åEõçaï »Jôç_Ç EõÌ[ýç c÷Ì^* TgöçÌ[ý ×YTöç åUãEõ aç¶ö‚ç×XEõ aîçÌ[ý %ç£ãTöçb ]ÇãFçYçWýîçãÌ^Ì[ý =Yç»Jôç^ï UçEõçÌ[ý a]Ì^ ×[ý`Ÿ×[ýVîç_ãÌ^ industrial c÷O×Töc÷çãa ×[ýã`bEõãÌ[ý \\öçÌ[ýãTöÌ[ý Ø‘öçWýÝXTöçÌ[ý chemistry »Jôç_Ç c÷ã_C TgöçÌ[ý a]ãÌ^c÷O ^ÇGa×µùlùãS TgöçÌ[ý %[ýVçãXÌ[ý X[ý]É_îçÌ^S Töç ×[ýØ™öçÌ[ý_ç\\ö EõãÌ[ý* ×Tö×Xc÷O ×[ý`ŸEõ×[ý YÒãÌ^çLX* References - 1. Censorship: A World Encyclopedia, Routledge, 2001. ISBN 9781136798641 2. Nitish K. Sengupta (2011) Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahab- harata to Mujib. ISBN 9780143416784 3. Janam Mukherjee (2015). Hungry Bengal: War Famine and then End of Empire. ISBN 9789351775836 4. Vishanathan Sharma (2011). Famous Indians of the 20th Century. ISBN 9788192079684 5. Walter K. Andersen & Shridhar D. Damle (1987). The Brotherhood in Saffron: The Rash- triya Swayamsevak Sangh & Hindu Revivalism 6. Sekhara Bandyopadhyaya (2004). From Plassy to Partition: A History of Modern India. ISBN 9788125025962 7. Ramesh Chandra Majumder (1978): History of Modern Bengal, Oxford University Press. 8. Khagendra Nath Sen (1970). Education and then Nation, an Indian Perspective. Univer- sity of Calcutta. 9. Dipak Kr. Aich (1995). Emergence of Modern Bengali Elite. A Study of Progress in Ed- ucation, 1854-1917. Minerva Associates. 58|
Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology Educational Activities of Dr. Shyama Prasad Which Brought Fundamental Changes Mayuri Dutt Dr. Shyama Prasad re-orientation of a colonial M o o k e r j e e ’s system to a nationalistic system farsightedness and of education. He brought educational philosophy gave several fundamental changes rise to a system which was for which, we stand on a firm overdue in a country like footing to day. India. All his contempories had various schemes and plans First of all, Dr. Shyama Prasad to execute, but couldn’t do it very rightfully felt the need satisfactorily because of the of scientific and technological pressure of the colonial rulers. study and its bonding with the Industrial sector of the Dr. S. P. Mookerjee can Country. He inaugurated quite be acclaimed as one of those a few scientific educational leader’s who triggered the organizations, which has its |59
Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology influence felt still today. Most by the revised Matriculation of the science departments of Regulations, where instruction the University owe its existence was to be imparted through to Dr. Shyama Prasad. One of the medium of mother tongue- the greatest step he took was and that followed till date, this the introduction of Bengali as a inception of the vernacular in language in the core education every level of education, did system without which mass bring about a re-orientation education would not have that was of great importance been possible He brought then, and is still today. about several reformations in the University regarding Inclusion of science subjects examination as well as teaching at the intermediate standard last but not the least, he and also practical classes apart introduced the Educational from theoretical ones was Research Department, along also his initiative and we are with the initiation of Bengali grateful to him. Another very language to be used in the important thing which we find research studies. very relevant is the Student Exchange Programme, Dr. S. P. Dr. S. P. Mookerjee believed Mookerjee made arrangements that education was the first for students and teachers to go step towards nationalism. He to foreign Seats of learning in advocated the concept of free various countries in Europe, and compulsory education USA, South America and Far in order to facilitate mass East. education. When Dr. Shyama Prasad Mookerjee became the In regard to the field of Vice Chancellor, he initiated Medicine and Engineering, the practice of carrying on a Dr. Shyama Prasad took the lot of educational and scientific task of revising the total research work, through the syllabus and raise its standard medium of Bengali. In fact in and extend their scope and 1935, he brought about a radical utility. Dr. Mookerjee never change in secondary education overlooked the changing needs of the Country. He went on 60|
Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology to rouse public opinion and the practice now he advocated English to be used in higher to focus the attention of all, learning, especially Western Scientific studies. He fought on the supreme necessity of for mass education as well as a nationalistic education.He finding new occupation and went forward to set up students Welfare Departments which careers, Dr. Shyma Prasad worked towards the well-being of the students as well as take felt that education should be preventative measures. fully integrated with all social Dr. Shyama Prasad was very fond of games and sports. He requirements. He introduced acquired a play ground for the University at the Presidency the various Applied Science ground. Today the university has a Sports Department and a Departments in the Calcutta team of its own, complete with all facilities. Dr. S. P. Mookerjee University. Departments of initiated the University Foundation Day during his Zoology, Botany, Anthropology, tenure as Vice-Chancellor. Experiemental Psychology We owe a great deal to our great educationist Dr. Shyama and Physiology were brought Prasad, for the establishment of various new streams together in a single campus, in like the above, and thereby bring about new avenues order to facialiate all students of employment, which was needed in independent India. and teachers. Dr. Mookerjee envisaged the education of women and Next Dr. Shyama Prasad adults. He was the one who took the task of expanding first suggested the formation the Library by adding special block of Asutosh Building. Dr, Shyama Prasad thought of vocational and practical training and the same was undertaken by University and Colleges.He stressed on the need to complete autonomy, regarding running of the University. St. Xaviers College and Ramkrishna Mission Sikshamandira have acquired autonomy, the very concept that was brewed by Dr. Shyama Prasad so many years ago. As |61
Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology of Board of Secondary Another very significiant Education. Dr. Shyama Prasad thing he did was the envisaged primary education establishment of the to be the backbone of our Employment Exchange for nationalistic education. The University Students and ex- curricular revision and renewal students. Dr. Shyama Prasad of primary and secondary went on to propose that education was attempted by new vocations, avenues and him. Dr. Mookherjee pioneered employment to be open to awards many scholarships and Indian Youths, especially in fellowships to the students the field of Navy, Army, Trade, belonging to socio-economically Commerce and Industry. disadvantaged groups. Keeping in mind the making of an independent India. He Dr. Shyama Prasad for the first time stressed on technical knowledge of various introduced Teacher’s Training kinds, for example, military training under the University Department. In 1932 , the Bengal Cadet Corps, conducted by the University. The very stone of Retrenchment Committee India’s economic and industrial development was set rolling by was formed and which Dr. Shyama Prasad. subsequently recommended Dr. Mookerjee investigated the problems of health, the abolition of the two training sanitation, hygiene diet and felt that it was high time colleges, David Hare Training that India should realize the significance of developing college and Dacca Training economy. He brought the study of Agriculture under the college due to financial crisis, hammer of the University. He wanted the students to explore Dr. Mookerjee took up the Science and its Technology cause, pressed the Government for retention of both. He also set up the Asutosh Museum of Indian Arts as an adjunct to the Department of Ancient Indian History and culture, which create interest among students, who took advantage of the facilities therein. 62|
Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology with regard to agriculture, so was the first Vice-President as to increase the productive of the Council for Scientific power of land.Today there and Industrial Research under exists Agriculture Colleges and which forty laboratories were Universities as well. Linked set up. with this are the country-wide Cottage Industries, which Dr. According to Prof. R. A. Mookerjee did not forget to Mashelkar, Director General take interest in. and Secretary, Department of CSIR, Government of India- Dr. Shyama Prasad was very The strong foundation laid as a ahead of his time. He proposed result of the pioneering efforts that Economics and Banking, of Dr. Mookerjee has enabled India’s position in relation to the CSIR to achieve its current foreign trade and competition, ststus of premier level National needed to be investigated and Research and Development fulfilled for an economically Organisation in India. In fact free India. Dr. Mookerji pleaded National Physical laboratory that English should remain was founded under his behest. compulsory second language He worked very closely with and should be taught to all. Dr. Meghnad Saha, Saha Provision should also be made Institute of Nuclear Physics was for the study of other important inaugurated by Dr. Mookerjee. languages, both eastern and western. Immediately after the end of World War II in 1945 “Shyama Another very significant Prasad College” was founded by relevance of Dr. Shyama Dr. Mookerjee at Calcutta (now Prasad’s contribution is Kolkata). On 27th August 1998, towards the industrial sector. the Ahmedabad Municipal He observed that Industrial Corporation named a bridge development cannot be after Dr. Mookerjee- on 22nd conditioned only by research;it April 2010 the Delhi Municipal is all the more dependent corporation constructed Rupees of finance. With portfolio of 650 crore building named “Dr. Industries and Supplies, he Shyama Prasad Mookerjee Civic |63
Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology Centre”-In 2001, CSIR main migration in urban areas, this research institute of Govt. of scheme was operationalized in India formed a new fellowship February 2016. named after Dr. Mookerjee. In the present day context, Delhi also have a major the contributions of Dr. Shyama road named after Mookerjee Prasad Mookerjee is still very as does Kolkata. A BEST bus much significant. The several stop near Chhatrapati Shivaji memorial institutions, colleges Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya roads and cultural centres, and Regal cinema in Mumbai all over India remind us of are also named Shyama Prasad the dynamic thoughts of Dr. Mookerjee Chowk. On 15th Jan Shyama Prasad Mookerjee, 2012 Mathikere flyover under which are still very relevant Bangalore city limits was and occupies an important named as Dr. Shyama Prasad place in the society at large. If Mookerjee flyover. In 2014 a it was not for his far-sighted multipurpose stadium built philosophy and actions, India, in Goa University Campus, and Bengal in particular would named after Mookerjee. not have had such an esteemed University, which goes on to In 2015 Government of provide higher education to India launched Shyama Prasad its citizens. Finally it may be Mookerjee Rurban Mission to said that a lot of efforts is being drive economics, social and given to remember our great infrastructure development leader till this day-but there is in rural areas and create 300 still lot more to be done. rurban areas to stem increasing 64|
Role of Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee for the Development of Indian Science & Technology |65
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