5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) character a) supported or sponsored 2) heritage b) a role in a play 3) patronised c) cultural traditions that are passed down through generations Passage 2 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. Little Meera was a disobedient child. Despite being only eight years old, she pretended to be a grown-up. She would hardly listen to her parents or her elder sister Keira, who was twelve. Her parents and teachers were tired of trying to correct her. Her mother kept complaining to her father about her. ‘What a disobedient girl! She asks me, “What’s the use of sending me to school when I can figure out everything on the internet?”’ exclaimed Mrs Thomas to her husband. Reading Comprehension 47 Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 47 04/10/2019 12:04:49
‘Give that tiny one some time. She is only eight and doesn’t know how tough life can get.’ In the evening, while Meera was watching how to make a grilled-chicken sandwich on the internet, she requested her mom to make one for her. ‘What’s the use of making a sandwich, Meera? You can just grab a bite from the internet!’ ‘Mom! How can I do that? It’s a screen. I will hurt my teeth instead.’ ‘Exactly! The internet can help you see and hear but not taste, touch or feel. You can learn a lot from it, but you can’t taste a sandwich or get the feel of a classroom from the other side of the screen. I hope you understand the difference between the real world and the world of computers.’ ‘Yes, Mom! Now can we please have some sandwiches?’ The happy family of four had a delicious snack of some grilled-chicken sandwiches. As the parents sipped their tea, Meera settled down at her study table and completed her homework happily. What more could her parents ask for? 1) What kind of a child was little Meera? Ans. 2) What did Meera’s mother want her to understand? Ans. 3) Write the genders (masculine/feminine/neuter/common) of the following nouns. a) Keira – b) teacher – c) sandwich – 48 04/10/2019 12:04:49 Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 48
4) The anagram of ‘brag’ from the passage is . (Hint: Anagrams are words formed by rearranging the letters of other words.) 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) disobedient a) cooked lightly on a grill 2) exclaimed b) unwilling to obey 3) grilled c) spoke with strong emotion Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 49 Reading Comprehension 49 04/10/2019 12:04:49
Module 9 Section Name What I Will Learn Dictation Word dictation Listening Audio Listen and answer Vocabulary Use of ‘they’re’, ‘their’ and ‘there’ Grammar Adverbs of degree and place Formal Writing E-mail writing Creative Writing Photo-based character sketch 50 04/10/2019 12:04:50 Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 50
Dictation 3) 6) Exercise 1: Word dictation 9) 1) 2) 4) 5) 7) 8) Listening Audio Exercise 2: Listen to the audio and choose the correct answers. [ ] 1) How many islands together make the Lakshadweep islands? a) 36 b) 34 c) 24 d) 28 2) How many among these islands are populated? [ ] a) 10 b) 32 c) 15 d) 25 3) What was Lakshadweep formerly called? [ ] a) Minicoy b) Seychelles c) Laccadives d) Lakh Deeps 4) Which is the biggest of all the Lakshadweep islands? [ ] a) Port Blair b) Kavaratti c) Minicoy d) Mahim 5) Which of the following languages is mentioned in the passage you heard? [ ] a) English b) Malayalam c) Hindi d) Muslim Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 51 Module 9 51 04/10/2019 12:04:51
PR Vocabulary Q Use of ‘they’re’, ‘their’ and ‘there’ ‘They’re’ is the contracted form for ‘they are’. Examples: • They’re happy to be home. • They’re going to play football. The word ‘their’ is used to mean ‘belonging to’. Examples: • T heir bus stopped moving after crossing the temple (the bus that belonged to them). • Richa and Shweta love gardening. I want to visit their garden (the garden that belongs to them). ‘There’ shows a particular position or place. Examples: • Let us go there and have some ice cream. • There are four mangoes in the bag. Look at the table below for more examples of ‘they’re’, ‘their’ and ‘there’. they’re their there I like to eat bananas only They went to visit their father. Please put your sweater when they’re soft. there. Their house is almost one They’re going to play near hundred years old. Have you been there? the sea. We are looking for their lost There is no water left in the They’re not as bad as you cat. bucket. think. By tomorrow, their work will What did she see over there? I think they’re going to come be done. home soon. 52 04/10/2019 12:04:52 Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 52
Exercise 3.1: Fill in the blanks correctly with ‘they’re’, ‘their’ or ‘there’. One is done for you. 1) There is a big lion in the zoo. It looks fierce. 2) It was _____________________ idea to go to the fair. 3) _____________________ very angry with you for breaking the glass. 4) I think _____________________ both very excited about the match. 5) Akram’s favourite restaurant is the Punjabi Dhaba. He is fond of _____________________ chicken tikka masala. 6) Once upon a time, _____________________ lived a greedy man named Harish. Exercise 3.2: Read the following passage from a magazine. Correct the usage of ‘they’re’, ‘their’ and ‘there’ wherever required and rewrite it below. They’re is something new happening with dhabas. They used to serve rather ordinary food. But now, their bringing they’re food to the streets to get closer to the customers. Each week, their is an event in a park to give samples of such food. Families from the surrounding neighbourhoods go they’re for an evening of fun and food. They have a good time they’re. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Module 9 53 Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 53 04/10/2019 12:04:52
Grammar Adverbs Underline the adverbs of manner in the following sentences. 1) They were talking loudly. 2) He humbly refused the gift. 3) She performed well in the exam. 4) Smita got into bed slowly. Remember ► Adverbs describe or say more about verbs and adjectives. ► Adverbs that show the way or manner in which actions are done are called adverbs of manner. ► Adverbs of manner answer the question ‘how?’. Example: • Ravi spoke softly. softly How did Ravi speak? So, ‘softly’ is the adverb of manner. ► Most adverbs are formed by adding ‘-ly’ to the ends of adjectives. Examples: • quick – quickly • beautiful – beautifully 54 Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 54 04/10/2019 12:04:54
Now, let us learn about two new kinds of adverbs. Adverbs of degree Adverbs of degree tell us about the degree or intensity of an action. Adverbs of degree answer the question ‘to what extent?’. How difficult is Mathematics? It’s extremely easy. Here, the word ‘extremely’ is the adverb of degree. It shows the degree of difficulty of Mathematics. Here are a few more examples of adverbs of degree. to a • Be careful. You almost fell from the tree. considerable extent ‘Almost’ answers the question ‘to what extent?’. So, it is an adverb of degree. • It is too cold to go out. to a very large extent ‘Too’ describes the intensity of the cold weather. Hence, it is an adverb of degree. Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 55 Module 9 55 04/10/2019 12:04:55
The following table gives the most commonly used adverbs of degree. almost nearly hardly very completely extremely too enough quite just Remember ► Sometimes, adverbs also describe other adverbs. Examples: • She runs very fast. • I finished my work quite quickly. adverb of adverb of adverb of adverb of degree manner degree manner Adverbs of place An adverb of place tells us about the place where an action is carried out or happens. Adverbs of place answer the question ‘where?’. Let us go there. Notice that the word ‘there’ answers the question ‘where?’ and tells us about the location of the movement. So, it is an adverb of place. 56 Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 56 04/10/2019 12:04:55
Here are two more examples of adverbs of place. where? • She went up. – up – around • Amalu looked around, but he couldn’t see anyone. The words ‘up’ and ‘around’ tell us more about the location of the action or movement. So, they are adverbs of place. The following table gives the most commonly used adverbs of place. up down around inside outside away nearby here there Exercise 4.1: Underline the adverb in each sentence. Write the verb or adjective it describes in each of the sentences. One is done for you. Sentence Verb/Adjective 1) She lives here. lives – verb 2) The ice cream was deliciously sweet. 3) Shreya ate her dinner hungrily. 4) It was cloudy outside. 5) Vandana’s dress is quite pretty. 6) Heena nearly won the race. Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 57 Module 9 57 04/10/2019 12:04:56
Exercise 4.2: Fill in the blanks with adverbs of degree and place from the box below. One is done for you. completely inside everywhere really nearby very 1) This food is really delicious. 2) The ice cream shop is _____________________________. 3) We looked for the dog _____________________________. 4) He is _____________________________ tired. He cannot walk all the way home. 5) The house was deep _____________________________ the forest. 6) I was _____________________________ drenched in the heavy rain. 58 04/10/2019 12:05:02 Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 58
Exercise 4.3: Fill in the blanks with the correct adverbs of manner, place and degree from the box. One is done for you. around deeply bravely extremely nearby completely The warrior fought bravely with her bow and arrows. She went _________________________ the battlefield and fought against all her enemies. She was ________________________ engaged in battle and could defeat anyone. The warrior was _________________________ good at archery. A few villagers lived _________________________. They were _________________________ engrossed watching the warrior fight. Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 59 Module 9 59 04/10/2019 12:05:03
Writing Formal Writing E-mail writing Read the sample e-mail given below to understand the various elements of an e-mail. To [email protected] Subject The e-mail id or address A one-line gist of of the person or persons [email protected] the contents of whom you are sending the e-mail. the e-mail to. Request for leave Greeting and Body Hi Sir, sign-off The body expresses Greet the person the main idea of your My name is Naitik Shah, and I study in Class 4. I am addressed with e-mail. An informal or writing to request you to grant me a leave of three words like ‘Hi’ or friendly e-mail does days. ‘Dear’. not need to have an I need to attend the 2019 Science Olympiad to introduction, body or be held in Delhi. I would require two days to travel Sign off with a conclusion. The ideas back and forth. I promise to catch up on all the parting line and can flow as you want school work once I return. your name. them to. I hope you can grant me the leave. Tools In an official e-mail, we Regards, You can edit must include a short Naitik Shah and style your introductory paragraph, e-mail with the and then write the help of these. main information in the You can also second paragraph. send your e-mails by clicking on the blue ‘Send’ button on the left. 60 04/10/2019 12:05:03 Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 60
Exercise 5: You are a member of the student council of your school. Write an e-mail to a scientist, inviting him or her to your school’s Science exhibition. To: @xyz.com Cc Bcc Subject: Dear ___________________________, My name is _______________________________, and I am a student of ________________________ _____________________________ and also a student council member. I am writing this e-mail to ___________________________________________________________________ that will be held in our school our annual ___________________________________ called _____________________________. The exhibition will be held on ___________________________________ in our ___________________ ___________________________________________________________________. It will be an amazing exhibition, because ______________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ and so on. We also have a special room dedicated to ______________________________________________________________. We would be grateful if you would ________________________________________________________ and ______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________. I eagerly await your response. ___________________________, _________________________________ Module 9 61 Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 61 04/10/2019 12:05:03
Creative Writing Photo-based character sketch Exercise 6: Look at the photograph below and write character sketches of the people in it. Hints: 04/10/2019 12:05:04 • Who do you see in the picture? • Where are they, and what are they doing? • What kind of people do they seem to be? • Describe them, and write what you feel about them. 62 Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 62
Module 9 63 04/10/2019 12:05:04 Pinnacle_G4_T2.indb 63
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