202110828-TRAVELLER_PREMIUM-STUDENT-WORKBOOK-SOCIAL_STUDIES-G04-PART1

SOCIAL STUDIES 4WORKBOOK 1 Name: ___________________________________ Section: ________________ Roll No.: _________ School: __________________________________

Preface ClassKlap partners with schools, supporting them with learning materials and processes that are all crafted to work together as an interconnected system to drive learning. Our books strive to ensure inclusiveness in terms of gender and diversity in representation, catering to the heterogeneous Indian classroom. ClassKlap presents the Traveller series, designed specifically to meet the requirements of the new curriculum released in November 2016 by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE). Guiding principles: The 2016 CISCE curriculum states the following as a few of its guiding principles for Social Studies teaching:  Connecting learning to life in the outside world  Integrating Social Studies with other subjects across the curriculum and arts  Using meaningful contexts to develop interpersonal and life skills  Making assessment for learning an integral part of the teaching-learning process  Ensuring active participation of children by using a variety of activities and tasks Each of these principles resonates with the spirit in which the ClassKlap textbooks, workbooks and teacher companion books have been designed. The ClassKlap team of pedagogy experts has carried out an intensive mapping exercise to create a framework based on the CISCE curriculum document. Key features of ClassKlap Traveller series:  CISCE framework  Develops the knowledge and skills necessary for informed and thoughtful participation in society  Introduces children to timelines and historical maps in order to help them develop timeline, map and globe skills  Helps in developing observation, reporting, analysis and critical-thinking skills  Promotes awareness and personal responsibility through dialogue and enquiry about the world around them  Engages students through an interactive, age-appropriate, visually enhanced infographics and activity-based content All in all, the Traveller Social Studies books aim to generate greater engagement and enhance social, cultural and analytical skills for the intuitive and harmonious growth of an individual in an interconnected and interdependent global community. – The Authors

Workbook Features • Use of simple, age-appropriate language • Situation-based questions to foster real-life skills • Use of map and image-based questions to build analytical skills • Focus on subject-related vocabulary building I Remember Recollecting critical information related to the ‘who’, ‘what’, ‘when’ and ‘where’ of the concept I Apply I Understand Applying the understanding of Engaging with the ‘how’ and the concept to questions based ‘why’ of the concept on application of the concept in real-life scenarios I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Extending the application of the concept to more advanced and challenging questions that meet the criteria of higher order thinking skills

Contents 1 The Story of the Past������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1 2 Sources of History����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 6 3 Motions of the Earth ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 11 4 Exploring the Earth ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 17 5 Using Maps ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 23

1Lesson The Story of the Past I Remember Multiple Choice Questions [ ] 1) Which language does the word ‘historia’ come from? ] (A) Latin (B) Italian (C) Greek (D) German 2) What do we call the period for which there is no recorded history? [ (A) pre-historic period (B) modern period (C) historic period (D) medieval period Fill in the Blanks 3) The study of the past is called ___________________. 4) A drawing that shows the order of events that took place in the past is called a ___________________. Very Short Answer Questions 5) What do we call the time that has gone by or the time before ‘now’? Ans. 6) In which period could humans only draw pictures to tell stories? Ans. Short Answer Question 7) Define ‘history’ with an example. Ans. 1

I Understand Write 'True' or 'False' 8) 36 AD is marked to the right of the birth of Jesus Christ on a timeline. [ ] ] 9) The new term for AD is ADE. [ ] ] 10) Doctors study history to understand different diseases and cures in the past. [ 11) A lifeline is used to show the order of events that took place in the past. [ Short Answer Questions 12) H ow did human beings record their stories before they started writing? Ans. 13) Which two periods follow the pre-historic period in Indian history? Ans. Long Answer Question 14) a) During which period or periods in Indian history are events marked in BC? Why? Ans. 2

b) In the given picture write the following periods in the correct position. • Prehistoric period • Medieval period I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) W  ho among the following people studies history to learn about different [ ] types of buildings in the past? (A) a doctor (B) an architect (C) a painter (D) an actor 16) Rashi’s grandmother is telling Rashi stories about Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, a freedom fighter of India. Which period of history can this story be from? [] (A) medieval period (B) pre-historic period (C) ancient period (D) modern period Short Answer Questions 17) Mention an event from history that played an important role in the lives of Indians. Give one reason for your answer. Ans. The Story of the Past 3

18) Arrange the following dates on a timeline. (A) 25 BC (B) 1 AD (C) 2017 AD (D) 200 BC Ans. Long Answer Question 19) Rashi does not like to study history. Can you tell her how studying history would help her in future if she wants to become a painter or an engineer? Ans. 4

I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Meher found the following things in his grandfather’s old trunk. A postcard that his grandfather A medal that his grandfather A bright bird’s feather found by his grandfather wrote during a school trip won in a recitation competition Ask one of your older family members to show you a few of their old belongings. Ask them to share some stories about those things. Write about them here. You can also draw pictures or paste photographs of a few of those things. Ans. The Story of the Past 5

2Lesson Sources of History I Remember Multiple Choice Questions [ ] 1) Which of the following will help you to learn about your family history? (A) old photo albums (B) books (C) timetables (D) television shows 2) Which of the following is a source of history? [] (A) oil source (B) food source (C) literary source (D) water source Fill in the Blanks 3) ___________________ study literary sources to record information about the past. 4) We can learn about the culture of the past through the art of storytelling from ___________________ sources. Very Short Answer Questions 5) Give any one example of a written source of your family history. Ans. 6) What do we call the place where different kinds of old objects are displayed? Ans. Short Answer Question 7) Define ‘sources of history’. Give an example. Ans. 6

I Understand Column B a) manuscript Match the Following Column A 8) order given by a king 9) oral sources b) inscription 10) an old book written by hand c) farman 11) written source d) stories Short Answer Questions 12) How does an archaeologist help to display old objects in museums? Ans. 13) Explain how an archaeologist and a historian may work together to write about the past. Ans. Long Answer Question 14) What are dolmens? How do they help us to learn about history? Ans. Sources of History 7

I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) Meher and Rashi saw a very old coin in the museum. Can you tell which type of source it belongs to? [ ] (B) archaeological source (D) literary source 16) R ashi visited a place where a few archaeologists were working. [ ] What is the place called? (A) office (B) construction site (C) library (D) archaeological site Short Answer Questions 17) Rashi recently visited a nearby archaeological site with her school friends. Their teacher told them that they should always protect these sites. Can you suggest two ways in which they can protect these historical sources? Ans. 8

18) N ame the person who finds objects like these earrings. Name the person who studies books related to the past. O ld earrings Books related to the past Ans. Long Answer Question 19) What are the differences between an archaeologist and a historian? Ans. Archaeologist Historian Sources of History 9

I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Historians and archaeologists study things that are very old. What difficulties might they face while studying these things? Look at the pictures to write your answer. (A) (B) Hints: • W hat is the condition of the objects in the first picture? • Can you read the language written in the second picture? • What can go wrong while digging for objects buried underground? Ans. 10

3Lesson Motions of the Earth I Remember Multiple Choice Questions [ ] 1) What is the imaginary straight line that passes through the poles of the Earth called? (A) boundary (B) horizon (C) axis (D) centre 2) How much time does the Earth take to complete one rotation? [] (A) 22 hours (B) about 24 hours (C) 365 days (D) 365 days 5 minutes Fill in the Blanks 3) When an object spins around itself, the movement is called ___________________. 4) T he fixed path along which a revolving object travels around another object is called its ___________________. Very Short Answer Questions 5) What are the periodical changes in weather called? Ans. 6) Using an arrow, mark the direction in which the Earth rotates. Ans. 11

Short Answer Question 7) Define ‘revolution’. How long does the Earth take to complete one revolution? Ans. I Understand Write 'True' or 'False' [] 8) All the planets travel along a fixed path around the Earth. [] 9) In May, the southern hemisphere experiences winter. [] 10) The shape of the Earth’s orbit is elliptical. [] 11) New Zealand is in the northern hemisphere. Short Answer Questions 12) Illustrate, with the help of a diagram, how day and night take place. Label the diagram correctly. Ans. 12

13) New Zealand experiences summer in December–January. Why? Ans. Long Answer Question 14) With the help of a diagram, explain why the northern hemisphere experiences winter in December. Ans. Motions of the Earth 13

I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) S  uppose the Earth stops revolving but continues rotating. What do you [ ] think will happen? ] (A) All places on Earth will experience both seasons and day and night. (B) No place will experience seasons and day and night. (C) All places will experience only day and night and no seasons. (D) A few places will experience day and night, and other places will experience seasons. 16) Which of these sentences is true for other planets? [ (A) All planets experience day and night. (B) No planet experiences day and night. (C) A few planets experience only seasons. (D) A few planets experience only day and no night. Short Answer Questions 17) Draw an axis for the given picture of the Earth. Ans. 14

18) Imagine that the Earth is a cube. Would we still experience seasons and days and nights? Ans. Long Answer Question 19) How do seasons change in India due to the Earth’s revolution? Explain. Ans. I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Given are pictures of the five seasons. Write the name of each season and two of its characteristics. Motions of the Earth 15

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4Lesson Exploring the Earth I Remember Multiple Choice Questions ] 1) What are large land masses with many different landforms on them called? [ ] (A) plains (B) hills (C) mountains (D) continents 2) What does the word ‘lithos’ mean in Greek? [ (A) rock (B) gas (C) vapour (D) water Fill in the Blanks 3) A/An ___________________ is a flat area on the surface of the Earth. 4) A/An ___________________ is a raised portion of land with a flat top. Very Short Answer Questions 5) What is the outermost layer of the Earth called? Ans. 6) Give a term for a flowing body of water. Ans. Short Answer Question 7) Define ‘physical features’. Ans. 17

I Understand Write 'True' or 'False' [ ] 8) B iosphere includes the lithosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere. [ ] 9) The layer of air around the Earth is called lithosphere. [ ] 10) Lakes are flowing bodies of water. [ ] 11) The mantle is the thickest layer of the Earth. Short Answer Questions 12) W rite one difference between an island, a peninsula and a delta. Ans. Island Peninsula Delta 13) D escribe the composition of the lithosphere. On the given picture, mark the layers of the Earth that make up the lithosphere. Ans. 18

Long Answer Question 14) W rite two differences between a mountain, a valley and a hill. Ans. Mountain Valley Hill Exploring the Earth 19

I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) Which of the following indicate that the given picture shows the [] biosphere? (A) clouds (B) seas (C) mountains (D) trees 16) Name the process by which water is converted to water vapour due [ ] to the effect of heat. (A) evaporation (B) cooling (C) melting (D) freezing Short Answer Questions 17) L ook at the picture of a landform. Is it right to call this region a peninsula? Why or why not? Ans. 20

18) How is the water body shown in the picture formed? Ans. Long Answer Question 19) Draw a well-labelled diagram of the water cycle. Write two sentences to explain the process. Ans. Exploring the Earth 21

I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Given a chance to live on any landform described in the lesson, which landform would you like to live on? Why? Hints: • T hink about the type of climate, scenery and interesting features of landforms that you have studied. • Think of the activities that you would want to do. • Then think of the landform which will have all these features. Ans. 22

5Lesson Using Maps I Remember Multiple Choice Questions [ ] 1) W hich is the only ocean to be named after a country? ] (A) Indian Ocean (B) Atlantic Ocean (C) Pacific Ocean (D) Arctic Ocean 2) Which view of a place is shown by a map? [ (A) side view (B) bottom view (C) upside-down view (D) top view Fill in the Blanks 3) Another name for the Southern Ocean is the ___________________ Ocean. 4) The Arctic Ocean is located in the ___________________ hemisphere. Very Short Answer Questions 5) What colour is used to show plateaus on a map? Ans. 6) What are the signs used on a map called? Ans. Short Answer Question 7) Define ‘ocean’. Give an example. Ans. 23

I Understand Circle the Correct Word 8) T he deepest point in the world’s oceans is located in the Pacific Ocean / the Atlantic Ocean / the Indian Ocean / the Southern Ocean. 9) A  ntarctica is surrounded by the Arctic Ocean / the Southern Ocean / North America / Europe. 10) There are five / seven / six / eight oceans in the world. 11) Australia / Europe / Antarctica / South America is the smallest continent. Short Answer Questions 12) a) Fill in the blanks with the names of the continents. Ans. 24

13) W hat are the characteristics of a good map? C Ans. Long Answer Question 14) Use the grid on the map to answer the questions. AB 1 2 3 a) What is shown in A3? b) Where are the entrance gates? c) Where does appear on the map? What does it show? Ans. Using Maps 25

I Apply [ ] ] Multiple Choice Questions 15) Which of the following scales shows the largest distance on a map? 1 cm = 1 km (A) 2 cm = 5 km (B) 1 cm = 10 km (C) 5 cm = 1 km (D) 16) R am is looking at the map of his town on his father’s phone. He then [ decides to look for his country on the same map. What should he do? (A) zoom in (B) zoom out (C) get directions (D) go back Short Answer Questions 17) S hould a map be smaller or larger than the real place it shows? Why? Ans. 18) How does a scale help us to understand a map? Ans. 26

Long Answer Question 19) Look at the following map. Describe the place using the given points. a) What is shown on this map? b) Name two things located in each direction. c) Can we use more than one direction to describe a location? Give reasons for your answer. Ans. Using Maps 27

I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Draw a map and explain how you will reach the school's main gate from your classroom using the four directions. Hint: Find out the direction in which the Sun rises. Accordingly, determine the direction of your classroom. Then, give directions to reach the main gate. Ans. 28