Long Answer Question 14) Write any four differences between maps and globes. Ans. Map Globe We can see the entire Earth at a time We can see only one part of the Earth on a map. at a time on a globe. ,WLVÁDWRUWZRGLPHQVLRQDO It is spherical or three-dimensional. It can provide detailed information. It shows the whole Earth and so cannot be too detailed. It cannot be used to study the rotation It can rotate on an axis and so can and revolution of the Earth. be used to study the rotation and revolution of the Earth. It is easy to carry. ,WLVGLIÀFXOWWRFDUU\\ (accept any one valid response) Page 48 I Apply Multiple Choice Questions [ B] 15) Identify the following image. (A) globe (B) map (C) Prime Meridian (D) hemisphere Representing the Earth 3
16) What kind of a map is shown in this image? [ C] (A) sketch map (B) map plan Page 49 (C) physical map (D) climate map Short Answer Questions ,PDJLQHWKDWWKH(DUWKLVÁDW:KLFKUHSUHVHQWDWLRQRIWKH(DUWKZRXOGQRWEHXVHGLQ that case? Why? Ans. _,I_W_K_H__(_D__UW_K__Z_D__V_Á_D_W__Z__H__Z_R__X_OG__Q_R__W_Q_H__H_G__J_OR__E_H_V__D_V_W_K_H__\\_U_H_S__UH_V_H__Q_W_W_K_H__V_S_K_H_U_LF__D_O_________ _s_h_a_p__e_o__f_t_h_e__E_a_r_th__. __________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 18) Should travellers to a new place use a map or a globe? Give one reason for your answer. Ans. _T_ra__v_e_ll_e_r_s_t_o__a__n_e_w__p__la_c__e__sh__o_u_ld__u__se__a__m__a_p__o__f _t_h_a_t_p__la_c__e_._A__m__a_p__i_s_e_a__s_y_t_o__c_a_r_r_y_. _It_____ _w__o_u_ld__s_h_o__w__o_n_l_y_t_h_a__t_p_a__rt_o__f_t_h_e__E_a_r_th__t_h_a_t__th__e_y__a_r_e_v_i_s_it_in_g__i_n_d__e_t_a_i_l .__Th__e_y__c_a_n__b_e__m__a_d__e _W_R_V_K_R__Z__V_S_H_F__LÀ_F__G_H__WD__LOV__ _D_F__F_H_S__W_D_Q_\\__Y_D__OLG__U_H_V_S_R__Q_V_H_ __________________________________ Long Answer Question 19) Using the globe given answer the following questions: 4
a) Mark the North Pole on the globe. North Pole Page 50 b) Draw a compass to indicate directions. Ans. c) Name a country between the Tropic of Capricorn and the South Pole. Ans. A__u_s_t_ra__lia__/_C_h_i_le__/B__ra__zi_l _is__lo_c__a_t_e_d__b_e_t_w__e_e_n__t_h_e__T_ro__p_ic__o__f _C_a__p_r_ic_o__rn__a_n__d__th__e_S_o__u_t_h_P__o_le__. ___ (_a__c_c_e_p__t_a_n__y_v_a__li_d_r_e_s_p__o_n_s_e_)__________________________________________________________ d) Name a country through which the Equator passes. Ans. T_h__e_E_q__u_a_t_o_r__p_a_s_s_e_s_t_h_r_o_u__g_h__C_o__lo_m__b__ia_/_E_c__u_a_d_o__r/_I_n_d_o__n_e_s_ia__/_K_e_n_y_a__/_U_g_a__n_d_a__/M__a__ld_i_v_e_s_.___ (_a__c_c_e_p__t_a_n__y_v_a__li_d_r_e_s_p__o_n_s_e_)__________________________________________________________ Representing the Earth 5
I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Look at the road map given as an example. Make your own road maps as instructed below: Super Shop LEGEND General Store my school my house landmark road to take Page 51 a) Make a road map of the route from your home to your school. Ans. 6
b) Make a road map of the route between your home and the market. Ans. Page 52 Concept 1.2: Latitudes and Longitudes I Remember Multiple Choice Questions 1) What are latitudes also known as? [C ] [D ] (A) semicircles (B) longitudes (C) parallels (D) circles 2) In what unit are latitudes and longitudes measured? (A) centimetres (B) metres (C) kilograms (D) degrees Representing the Earth 7
Fill in the Blanks 3) The _____In_t_e_r_n_a_t_io__n_a_l_D__a_t_e_L_i_n_e_______ (longitudes) does not pass through any country. 4) The Prime Meridian passes through _____G__r_e_e_n_w__ic__h__ in the United Kingdom. Answer in One Word 5) What is the other name for the ‘Tropic of Cancer’? Ans. _N__o_rt_h_e__rn__T_ro__p_i_c______________________________________________________________________ 6) What are longitudes also called? Ans. _M__e_r_id__ia_n__s___________________________________________________________________________ Short Answer Question 7) Define Equator. Ans. _T_h_e__E_q_u__a_t_o_r_i_s_t_h_e__lo_n__g_e_s_t_l_a_t_it_u_d_e__. _It_d__iv_i_d_e_s__th__e_E__a_rt_h__in__to__t_h_e__n_o_r_t_h_e_r_n__a_n_d__s_o_u_t_h_e__rn____ _h_e__m_i_s_p_h_e__re_s_.________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Page 53 I Understand Write True or False 8) Latitudes run from east to west. [ True ] 9) Longitudes run from west to east. [ False ] 10) Longitudes are parallel lines. [ False ] 11) Longitudes meet at the poles. [ True ] Short Answer Questions 12) Name the latitudes between which the Sun appears directly overhead? Ans. T_h_e__l_a_t_it_u_d_e__s_b_e__tw__e_e__n_w__h_i_c_h__th__e_S_u__n_a__p_p__e_a_r_s_d__ir_e_c_t_ly__o_v_e__rh_e__a_d__a_r_e__th__e__Tr_o_p__ic__o_f_______ C__a_n__c_e_r_(_2_3_._5_°_N_)_i_n__th__e_n__o_r_th__a_n__d_t_h_e__T_r_o_p_i_c__o_f_C__a_p_r_ic__o_r_n_(_2_3_._5_°_S_)_i_n_t_h_e__s_o_u_t_h_.___________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 8
13) What is an interesting effect of the tilt of the Earth and its revolution? Which part of the Earth receives the least sunlight? Ans. T_h_e__t_il_t_o_f__th_e__E_a__rt_h__a_l_o_n_g__w__it_h_i_t_s_re__v_o_l_u_t_io_n__m__e_a__n_s_t_h_a_t__th_e__l_a_t_it_u_d_e__s_g_e__t_d_i_ff_e_r_e_n_t________ a__m__o_u_n_t_s_o__f_s_u_n_l_ig_h_t_._T_h_e__p__o_la__r _c_ir_c_l_e_s_r_e_c__e_iv_e__t_h_e__le__a_s_t_s_u_n_l_ig_h__t._________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 14) Differentiate between latitudes and longitudes. Draw diagrams to show the difference(s). Ans. Longitudes Latitudes Longitudes are vertical lines running Latitudes are parallel lines running from from the north to the south. WKHHDVWWRWKHZHVWIRUPLQJFRPSOHWH FLUFOHVH[FHSWDWWKHSROHV They meet at the poles. Their length decreases from the equator towards the poles Page 54 Distance between longitudes is the Distance between latitudes always least at poles. remains equal. Longitudes Latitudes (accept all valid response) Representing the Earth 9
I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) What do we calculate using longitudes? [B] (A) weight (B) time (C) distance (D) direction 16) This latitude circles the North Pole and it passes through 66.5qN. Which latitude [C ] are we referring to? (A) Tropic of Capricorn (B) Antarctic Circle (C) Arctic Circle (D) Prime Meridian Short Answer Questions Page 55 17) Nisha wants to talk to her cousin living in Austria. Does she need to check the time EHIRUHVKHFDOOV\",I\\HVZK\\\" Ans. _<_H_V__V_K_H__G_R__H_V__7_K_H__V_WD__Q_G_D__UG__W_LP__H__R_I_H__Y_H_U_\\_S__OD_F__H__LV_G__LI_IH__UH__Q_W_D_V__LW_L_V_G_H__F_LG__H_G__R_Q__W_K_H__E_D__VL_V_ _R_I_W_K_H__F_H__Q_W_UD_O_O\\__OR__F_D_W_H_G__P__H_U_LG__LD_Q__R__I_WK__H__UH_J__LR_Q___7_K_X__V__K_H_U_F_R__X_V_LQ__P__LJ__K_W_E_H__V_OH__H_S_L_Q_J__Z__K_H_Q _s_h_e__c_a_l_ls_a__s_i_t _m__ig_h__t _b_e__n_i_g_h_t_i_n__A_u_s_t_ri_a__w_h__ile__i_t’_s_d__a_y__h_e_r_e_.______________________________ 18) Why does difference in time occur? Ans. _7_LP__H__G_L_II_H_U_H_Q_F_H__R__F_F_X_U_V_E__H_F_D__X_V_H__H_Y_H_U_\\_S__OD__F_H__LQ__W_K_H__Z_R__UO_G__K_D_V__D_V_S__H_F_L_À_F_O_R_Q_J__LW_X_G_H__D__Q_G__ _w_e__u_s_e__l_o_n_g_i_tu__d_e_s__to__c__a_lc__u_la__te__t_im__e_.__________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Long Answer Question 19) Why is the International Date line curved at many places while the 180q meridian is alway*straight? Ans. _T_h_e__In_t_e_r_n_a_t_io__n_a_l_D_a__te__L_i_n_e__fo_l_lo__w_s_t_h_e__1_8_0_q__m__e_ri_d_i_a_n__b_u_t_i_s_n_o__t _a__lo_n_g__it_u_d_e__i_ts_e_l_f._I_t_is__u_s_e_d__ _to__c_a__lc_u__la_t_e__d_a__te_s__w_h__ile__t_h_e__lo__n_g_it_u_d__e_s_a__re__u_s_e_d__t_o__c_a_l_c_u_la__te__t_im__e_._T_h_e__I_n_t_e_rn__a_t_io_n__a_l _D_a__te_ _L_in_e__is__c_u_r_v_e_d__a_t_m__a__n_y_p__la__c_e_s_s_o__t_h_a_t_n__o_t_w__o__p_la__c_e_s_h__a_v_e__t_w_o__d_i_ff_e_r_e_n_t_d__a_t_e_s_a__t_t_h_e__sa__m__e _ti_m__e_.________________________________________________________________________________ * Note to the teacher correct the spelling to ‘always’. 10
_____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Write the names of ten places that you would like to visit. Find out the exact latitude and ORQJLWXGHRIWKHVHSODFHVXVLQJWKH,QWHUQHW$OVRÀQGRXWWKHGLIIHUHQFHLQWLPHEHWZHHQ these places. Ans. L_e__a_r_n_e_r_’s__re__sp__o_n_s_e____________________________________________________________________ S_a__m__p_le__ _$_U_J_H_Q__WL_Q_D_ _______6_______:___*__UH__H_Q_Z__LF__K____K_R__X_U_V_______________________________ %_K__X_W_D_Q_ __________1__ ______(__*__UH_H__Q_Z__LF_K______K_R_X_U_V_______________________________________ (_a_c__c_e_p__t_a_n__y_v_a__lid__r_e_s_p_o__n_s_e_)__________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Page 56 Representing the Earth 11
V – Appendices Usage Tip: Additional reading resources that can be read to improve your knowledge and expertise Sub‐Sections: 15. How to be a Rockstar Teacher (In Part 1B) 16. Blackboard Information Organising Tips (Graphic Organisers) Page 57
16. Blackboard Informa on Organising Tips (Graphic Organisers) There are interes ng ways to represent informa on on the black board to make learning more engaging and fun. Given below are some of them. Using these will also improve learners’ ability to process, store and recall the informa on presented, later. Mind map Word splash KWL chart Tip chart Table Venn diagram Bubble Star diagram Timeline Process chart diagram Cycle chart Tree diagram Spider Layered diagram triangle/ Pyramid Page 58
Mind map Useful to build connec ons between concepts Helps in understanding informa on and discovering new rela onships Source: h ps://in.pinterest.com/pin/107101297358882191/ Sample blackboard illustra on: Page 59
droplets form Word splash commonly Makes learning terminology easier for kids Bring out the ability to make connec ons during glaciers circulates Keywords discussed can be wri en on the comes places changes waterfrcocomofoomluhseenogadtrroftahcurilnvlsosdeelardsrscilvosfkueonydrrdssmAdAorcncHiftteifiamcearcnartseliacnyats board and learners can be asked to make connec ons see ice You can use this online tool: back vapour various h p://www.abcya.com/word_clouds.htm springs areas forms KWL chart turns cycle But goes rain snow available sources saltwater lakes region droplets ponds Builds outcome orienta on and KW L help learners/teachers to organise informa on before, during and a er a lesson/ac vity I know I want to know I have learned Air is everywhere. Why do we need air? We need air to breath. Air helps in burning. Page 60
TIP chart Term Informa on Picture Help learners to remember and understand complex terms with the help of pictures and informa on Lever A lever is a bar, rod or axle wheel Wheel and axle pla orm that can move about a fixed point. Wheel and axle make work easier by reducing fric on. A wheel helps things to move. The axle helps the wheel turn. Table Useful to note down informa on a er discussions and clearly bring out points about different things from different perspec ves Helps build modular thinking ability in kids Page 61
Venn diagram WHALES FISH Useful to remember logical rela onships between groups of things have hair have scales Can be used to indicate what is common and live in water what is different between two things or groups of things give birth to young ones have fins lay eggs can swim have lungs to breathe have gills to breathe Source: h p://www.learnnc.org/lp/pages/2646 Bubble diagram Can be used to visualise the washroom store components of a concept room along with their rela ve sizes, quan ty and bedroom kitchen connec ons between them dining room bedroom drawing car porch room entrance Page 62
Star diagram Can be used to describe the key points of a story or event using the 5Ws A document that contains a set of rules for the government and the ci zens What? The people of India Whom? Who? BR Ambedkar and a team of 300 leaders Cons tu on How long? When Three years 26 January, 1950 Page 63
Timeline Useful to recall events in chronological order with dates Timeline of evolu on of transporta on 3500 BC 2000 BC 1783 AD 1787 AD 1790 AD 1801 AD 1862 AD 1903 AD Inven on of Domes cated Inven on of Inven on of the Inven on of Inven on of the Inven on of the Inven on of the wheel and animals such as the hot air steamboat the bicycle steam automobile the modern the boat horses and balloon locomo ve aeroplane donkeys begin to carry burden Process chart The blood travels It collects more and Blood enters the Useful to represent through the body. more waste. kidneys. Kidneys filter and remember the blood which passes informa on that When passing urine, the The urinary bladder through them. follows a par cular urine from the bladder is stores this urine. When sequence thrown out through the the bladder is almost Kidneys send all the urethra. half full, we feel like waste to the bladder passing urine. through the ureters in the form of urine. Page 64
Cycle chart Useful to represent and remember informa on that follows a par cular sequence Both open ended simple process or closed cycles can be used Sample blackboard illustra ons: Page 65
Tree diagram Sources of water Helps in classifying or categorising informa on Natural sources Man-made or Ar ficial sources Rain River Pond Lake Well Borewell Tube well Spider diagram Useful to represent and remember Mango Rice complex topics Wheat Fruits Useful to build connec ons within a Grains concept or between concepts Apple Carrot Food Green gram Onion Len l Vegetables Pulses Page 66
Layered triangle/Pyramid Can be used to start with a broad topic and move to a more focussed or complex topic Can be used to start with a basic topic and move to a more evolved/complex topic Structure of State Administra on State Division District Tehsil Block Village Page 67
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