202110201-APEX-STUDENT-WORKBOOK-BIOLOGY-G08-PART1

(viii) Release of testosterone from testes causes the formation of moustache in boys. ] [ 4. Match the following. Column B [(Session 5.2)] a. Adrenalin Column A i. Testes ii. Ovaries b. Insulin iii. Pituitary c. Testosterone iv. Adrenal gland d. Estrogen v. Pancreas e. Growth hormone 5. Answer the following questions in one sentence. [Refer to Session 5.2 ] (ix) What represents primary sexual characters? (x) Endocrine glands are called ductless glands. Give reason. 6. Fill in the blanks. [Refer to Session 5.2 ] (xi) Keeping the girls at a distance during the period of menstruation is a . (xii) Eating food regularly may cause . (xiii) are independent in nature and very self conscious. (xiv) Instead of playing outdoor games, spending time by watching TV or working oncomputer leads to . (xv) is called the master gland. CHAPTER 5. ATTAINING THE AGE OF ADOLESCENCE 99

(xvi) The first menstrual cycle is termed as . Short Answer Type Questions 7. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) [(Session 5.1)] Why is hoarse sound heard in boys when they reach the period of adolescence? 8. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) [(Session 5.2)] Why should an adolescent bathe twice daily? Long Answer Type Questions 9. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 5.2)] Write a note on the benefits of exercise. AS2-Asking questions and making hypothesis Short Answer Type Questions 10. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) [(Session 5.1)] Prepare a questionnaire to ask a social activist on child marriage. AS3-Experimentation and field investigation Short Answer Type Questions 11. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) [(Session 5.1)] Neeta is 13 years old. She wants to know how much height she will grow. Which formula will you use to find her height? If her height is 140 cm, what could be her height when she is grown up completely? (Note: At 13 years, the percentage of full height in girls is 95.) Long Answer Type Questions 12. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 5.1)] Geeta wants to do a survey on “mood swing during adolescent”. Sug- gest a suitable protocol for her for carrying the investigation. CHAPTER 5. ATTAINING THE AGE OF ADOLESCENCE 100

AS4-Information skills and projects Long Answer Type Questions 13. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 5.2)] Collect the information on “prevention of child marriage” from the school library or from internet. Also, list down the prevention programmes taken by the government of India to abolish child marriage. AS5-Communication through drawing and model making Very Short Answer Type Questions 14. Answer the following questions in one sentence. [Refer to Session 5.1 ] (i) Identify the part of a body shown in the picture? Long Answer Type Questions 15. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 5.1)] The table below shows the average rate of growth in height for boys and girls as they grow in age. Draw graphs showing height and age for both boys and girls on the same graph paper. What conclusions can be drawn from these graphs? CHAPTER 5. ATTAINING THE AGE OF ADOLESCENCE 101

Age in years % of full height Girls Boys 77 8 81 9 72 84 10 75 88 11 78 91 12 81 95 13 84 98 14 88 99 15 92 99.5 16 95 100 17 98 100 18 99 100 CHAPTER 5. ATTAINING THE AGE OF ADOLESCENCE 102

AS6-Appreciation and aesthetic sense, Values Very Short Answer Type Questions 16. Answer the following questions in one sentence. [Refer to Session 5.2 ] (i) What is the important change that happens during puberty? Short Answer Type Questions 17. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) [(Session 5.2)] How does nature prepare the uterus to receive the fertilized egg? Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 18. Choose the correct answer. (i) Period of adolescence is during years. (A) 13–19 (B) 13–30 (C) 19–25 (D) 5–15 (ii) During adolescence changes occurs in parts of body. (A) external (B) internal (C) nails (D)both A and B CHAPTER 5. ATTAINING THE AGE OF ADOLESCENCE 103

(iii) At which age, growth in height nearly stops? (A) 14 (B) 18 (C) 25 (D) 30 (iv) A: Many boys and girls get pimples on their face when they are in adolescent period. R: Activity of sweat and sebaceous glands increases at this period. (A) Assertion is correct and reason explains assertion. (B) Both assertion and reason are correct but reason does not explains assertion (C)Assertion is correct but reason is wrong. (D)Assertion is wrong, but reason is correct. (v) The male hormone which brings about changes in males during adolescene is (A) Estrogen (B) Testosterone (C) Adrenalin (D)Follicle Stimulating Hormone (vi) Which hormone in females causes the egg to burst out and flow in the fallopian tubes? (A) Estrogen (B) Follicle stimulating hormone (C)Luteinizing hormone (D)Growth hormone (vii) The legal ages for marriage for boys and girls are respectively (A) 21 years and 18 years (B) 20 years and 16 years (C)22 years and 18 years (D)21 years and 16 years CHAPTER 5. ATTAINING THE AGE OF ADOLESCENCE 104

(viii) The sex organs by which the children are identified as boy and girl at the time of birth are called as (A) secondary sexual characters (B) primary sexual characters (C)dominant characters (D)hereditary characters (ix) The unfertilised egg in females is released out along with the lining of uterus and blood. This process is called as (A) menopause (B) menarche (C)menstrual cycle (D) fertilization AS4-Information skills and projects 19. Choose the correct answer. (x) Observe the picture and provide suitable explanation. Assertion: The Adam’s apple is formed due to elongation of the thyroid cartilage which protrudes out in front of the neck. Reason: This is caused mainly by some male hormone (regulatory chemicals) during ado- lescence. CHAPTER 5. ATTAINING THE AGE OF ADOLESCENCE 105

(A) Assertion is correct and reason explains assertion. (B) Both assertion and reason are correct but reason does not explains assertion (C)Assertion is correct but reason is wrong. (D)Assertion is wrong, but reason is correct. AS5-Communication through drawing and model making 20. Choose the correct answer. (xi) Which of the given diagram is not an example of endocrine gland? (A) (B) (C) (D) CHAPTER 5. ATTAINING THE AGE OF ADOLESCENCE 106

PROJECT BASED QUESTIONS —— Project Based Questions —— (i) Cells on earth are diverse in shape, size and number. Take the help of internet or library book to make a chart with pictures to explain diversity in cells and function of each type of cell. (ii) Collect information about various scientists related to cell and its discovery. Write how they discovered their findings. Make a chart that includes name, year and the discovery. (iii) What is a microscope? Many improvements have been done to microscope since the time it was discovered. Make a report on the “Microscope History Timeline” with pictures. Write at least five points about discoverer. Take the help of internet to make a report. (iv) Bacteria is omnipresent, most diverse, and most successful form of life on earth. Gather information from various internet resources to make a project report on bac- teria that appreciates its presence in living world. Also write a note on harmful and useful bacteria. (v) Taking help from internet or from library books make a project report on “Virus–a connecting link between living and non–living organisms.” (vi) Excess heat or boiling kills microorganism. Give an instance where this concept used in our daily life. What is the technique called? Make a report on the discovery on this technique and also write a note on the discoverer. (vii) ’World Malaria Day –2015’ was celebrated by WHO in April 2015. Why is it celebrated? What is the importance of this day? Write a project report about the reason behind the ‘World Malaria Day’. (viii) Adolescence is filled with intellectual and emotional changes in addition to the major biological and physical changes. Design about 15 survey questions to know about adolescence behavior. Ask the questions prepared by you and collect data from 5 of your friends to know about their behavior. Project Based Questions 107

Additional AS- Based Practice Questions Chapter 1: What is Science? Q1. How has science changed our life? Comment. (AS7) Q2. Rita made a model of a glowing tree but the tree did not glow. Demonstrate a scientific method for investigating her problem with the help of a flowchart. (AS5) Q3. If you make a wrong hypothesis about a phenomenon does this mean a failed experiment? Justify your answer. How would you rectify it? (AS2) Chapter 2. Cell-Basic unit of life Q1. What will happen to a cell if its nucleus is removed? (AS2) Q2. You are looking through a microscope and found large number of cells on the slide. The cells appears to have a cell membrane, as well as a cell wall. What hypothesis can you make on this? (AS2) Q3. Write a procedure to observe nucleus in onion peel cells. (AS3) Q4. Write about the precautions which should be taken while performing experiment to observe cheek cells. (AS3) Q5. We know that largest cell which is measuring nearly about 17cm X 18 cm is the egg of an ostrich. Collect more information on ostrich egg. (AS4) Q6. Collect a piece of grass stem/ any other locally available plant from the school garden. Take a thin section of stem with the help of your teacher. Observe and draw the diagram in your book. (AS5) Q7. The size of man and elephant differs a lot. Is this because the cells in the elephant are larger in size than those in man? Explain in your own words. (AS6) Q8. How do you appreciate the presence of cytoplasm in a cell? (AS6) Q9. If cells are the main structural and functional unit of an organism, why are they so small? Why are there no organisms with huge cells? (AS7) Q10. Why is the cell wall present in plant cells and not in animal cells? (AS7) Chapter 3: Story of Microorganisms Q1. You have many doubts on food poisoning. Prepare a list of questions you want to ask your teacher. (AS2) Q2. If you observe a rotten part of a vegetable under a microscope, which organisms will you see? Draw a rough sketch of any one microorganism that you will observe.) (AS3) Q3. Write the procedure to observe Lactobacillus bacteria in buttermilk. (AS3) Q4. Visit a doctor of your locality and try to find out (AS4) What are the causative organisms and mode of transmission for the following diseases? Additional AS-Based Practice Questions 108

Disease Causative Organism Mode of transmission Citrus cancer Chicken Pox Tikka disease of groundnut Malaria Polio Q5. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions given below. (AS4) Diseases like typhoid, tuberculosis and septicemia (blood poisoning) are caused by bacteria. Some of the skin diseases are caused by fungi while others are caused by microarthropods and bacteria. Diseases like malaria and amoebiasis are caused by protozoans. The protozoan Plasmodium is responsible for causing malaria in humans and is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquito as vector. i. Name the diseases caused by bacteria. ii. Which microorganisms cause skin diseases? iii. What are the causative agents of malaria and amoebiasis? iv. What is meant by septicemia? v. Which vector is responsible for spread of malaria in humans? Q6.Draw a neat and labelled diagram of (AS5) · Lactobacillus bacteria · Penicillium Q7. Appreciate the role of microorganisms as pesticides. (AS6) Q8. Appreciate the techniques of preservation of food? (AS6) Q9. You must have seen your mother putting a little bit of curd in milk at night. And if you check it in the morning, you find curd. Why do you think she does this? What may be the reason for this? (AS7) Q10. What is the role of: (AS7) a. Bacteria in leguminous plants. b. Microorganisms in the development of vaccines. Chapter 4: Reproduction in Animals Q1. If you happen to visit any infertility clinic what questions would you ask the doctor regarding infertility in human? (AS2) Q2. During sexual reproduction in human, male gamete (sperm) fuses with female gamete. What will happen if sperms/ Male gametes are without tail? (AS2) Q3. Rakesh collected the tadpole from the nearest pond. He is curious to observe the tadpole. Guide the procedure to be followed to observe the tadpole. (AS3) Additional AS-Based Practice Questions 109

Q4. Clinical reports say that Mrs. Malathi has some problem in her ovary, hence she cannot conceive. But her gynecologist suggested her to go for test tube baby or IVF, as she would be then able to have her child. If you were in the place of Mrs. Malathi, what investigation would you perform? (AS3) Q5. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions given below: (AS4) Cloning is the process of producing an exact copy of a cell, any other living part or a complete organism. Cloning of an animal was performed for the first time by Ian Wilmut and his colleagues. They successfully cloned a sheep named Dolly. It was the first mammal to be cloned. Cloned animals are most likely to be born with several abnormalities. Questions: i. What is cloning? ii. Who did cloning for the first time? iii. Who was Dolly? iv. Who was the first mammal to be cloned? v. What is the drawback of producing clones? Q6. With the help of diagram differentiate between sexual and asexual reproduction. (AS5) Q7.Diagrammatically explain how a tadpole is adapted to aquatic life. (AS5) Q8. Cloning is supposed to be a good method to reproduce. How would you appreciate its advantages? What do you think are the disadvantages? (AS6) Q9. Reproduction is a necessary event of nature. Comment. (AS7) Q10. How IVF technology has helped human to overcome the problem of infertility? (AS7) Chapter 5: Reaching the Age of Adolescence Q1. Reena feels that she has reached the age of adolescence. What questions should you ask her to know whether she has reached adolescence or not? (AS5) Q2. As an adolescent, there are new changes that you might had observed. Write at least six changes. (AS6) Q3.Hormones play a very important role in the adolescent stage. Name any five hormones and their role in the daily life of an adolescent. (AS6) Q4. Rohit is 14 years old. He is worried about his voice. He feels that his voice is broken, and it will remain like that only. What would you explain to him to dispel his fears? (AS7) Q5. Taking healthy and nutritive food is very important in the age of an adolescent. How will you ensure that you take care of yourself in this stage? (AS7) Additional AS-Based Practice Questions 110