CHAPTER 14-LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN URBAN AREAS (viii) Tenali municipality has won several awards for its__________ programme. (A) Water Supply (B) Electricity supply (C) Maintenance of roads (D) Garbage disposal (ix) Which of the following taxes are levied by Municipalities? (A) Income tax (B) Sales tax (C) Srvice tax (D) Tax on houses (x) There are __________ kinds of municipal bodies depending upon the size of the population. (A) four (B) two (C) one (D) three CHAPTER 14. LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN URBAN AREAS 49
16.TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY SESSION 1 TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY – MEN AND WOMEN- ARE THEY DIFFERENT? 1.1 Mind Map 1.2 Terminology 50 1. Employment: The state of having paid work. 2. Literacy: The ability to read and write. 1.3 Improve Your Learning Conceptual Understanding Q1. Is it correct to say that girls are naturally weaker than boys? Give your reasons. A. No, it is not correct to say that girls are naturally weaker than boys. Reasons: SESSION 1. MEN AND WOMEN- ARE THEY DIFFERENT?
CHAPTER 16-TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY i. Today inthe field of competition both girls and boys are equal. ii. Girls think more about family welfare than boys. iii. Girls show love and care towards the family than boys. They also have more patience and under- standing towards family members. iv. Girls will serve the old and sick people in the family. v. Girls are more hard working in studies than the boys because they work at home as well as outside. So, we can say girls are not weaker. Reading the Text, Understanding and Interpretation Q1. Read the first para of page 136 and write the answer. Is it proper to say that women are weaker than men? Write your opinion. [Refer to TB page 143 Q6] A. Student’s Activity Information Skills Q1. List the household work you, your brother or sister do? [Refer to TB page 143 Q1] A. Student’s Activity (Sample Answer) I will clean, cook, wash, sweep, make pickles, stitch clothes, take care of children etc. My brother shops and brings the things that are needed by the families, purchasing provisions, filling water, nursing the sick etc. Appreciation and Sensitivity Q1. Go to some Self–Help Groups in your area and find out how they help women to gain independence and dignity. [Refer to TB page 143 Q5] A. Student Activity 1.4 Key Concepts 1. The special schemes, programs and provisions for women helped in their empowerment. 2. The body make up of men and women are somewhat different - because of this women can conceive babies and give them milk in the early months. 3. Differences which lead to inequality and discrimination are called “Socially caused differences” or “Gender differences”. 4. The proportion of women in Indian population is constantly decreasing. 5. In 1951 there were 945 women for every 1000 men. In 1981 it declined to 931 per 1000 men. In 2011 it rose to 940 women per 1000 men. 6˙ In A.P., In 1991 there were 972 women / 1000 men. In 2011 there were 992 women / 1000 men. SESSION 1. MEN AND WOMEN- ARE THEY DIFFERENT? 51
SESSION 2 TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY – GENDER INEQUALITIES 2.1 Mind Map 2.2 Terminology 1. Property rights: Laws created by governments in regards to how individuals can control, benefit from and transfer property. 2. Sex ratio: Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per thousand males. SESSION 2. GENDER INEQUALITIES 52
CHAPTER 16-TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY 2.3 Improve Your Learning Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Q1. If you have any elder woman in the family who went to school some twenty years ago. Find out from them their experience of schooling and compare it with that of your own times. [Refer to TB page 143 Q3] A. 1) My Grand Mother is there in the family. 2) She shared her experience like this — a) We were not encouraged to go to school and were kept at home to do the household work. b) During my times, I went to school but as had time to study at home as I had to do a lot of household work after school time. But today girls have more time to study as they need. Today Girls are spending more time on studies. c) In our times girls were not encouraged to study the subjects like Math’s and Science. But today every parent is making an effort to work hard in Math’s and Science. They are also encouraging the girl students to stay in hostel to learn these subjects. Today parents are encouraging home tuitions if they find their children (girl or boy) weak in Science and Maths. d) If there were examinations, we were not given time to prepare for the examination but my brother was encouraged to prepare well for the examination. Especially in the computer ( Software ) sector the proportion of women is considerably increasing. But today there is no such difference. Parents are creating examination environment in the house itself. Q2. Why do you think daughters are not given equal share of the property of the parents? [Refer to TB page 143 Q4] A. 1) Daughters are not given equal share of the property of the parents because in our country most resources like land and factories are in the name of men and differences are made by our society which tries to subordinate women to men and treat them in equally. 2) From their very birth, girls and boys are brought up according to the discriminatory ideas. This difference leads to inequality and discrimination or gender differences. 3) For hundreds of years, we have been living in a social order which favours men and they have control over all resources and right to make rules. 4) The rules are made in such a way that women were assigned a subordinate role to men and were controlled by them just like the land or cattle. 5) The property of parents should be divided equally among sons and daughters. But in practice a very few girls get a share of their parents property. Women are given some share of their parents, property in the form of dowry. Appreciation and Sensitivity Q1. Make a list of ten employed women you know of personally. Find out what work do they do and how much do they earn? [Refer to TB page 143 Q2] A. Student Activity Sample Answer: SESSION 2. GENDER INEQUALITIES 53
CHAPTER 16-TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY Name Employment Salary per month Annapurna School teacher 20,000 Lalitha Dentist doctor Daily 1000+ Suman Software engineer 50,000 Rekha Pilot officer 50,000 Rani Attender 10,000 Shanti Doctor Daily 2,000+ Bindu Women police 15,000 Poonam Trained engine driver 20,000 Aarthi Scientist 48,000 Neeraja Nurse 10,000 2.4 Key Concepts 1.The proportion of females in Indian population is constantly decreasing, One reason is that girl children are not allowed to be born at all and they are killed even while they are in the mother’s womb. 2. In Andhra Pradesh only six out of ten women can read and write. 3. Girls are brought up in such a way that they are under nourished and under educated. 4 ˙Women have fought to get higher education and also broken gender bias in many professions.5. Dowry prohibition act was introduced in 1961.6. Tha right to property is a legal right.7. Prathibha Patil is the first woman President of India.8. Indira Gandhi is the first woman Prime Minister of India.9. The first woman Loco driver in India is Surekha yadav. SESSION 2. GENDER INEQUALITIES 54
CHAPTER 16-TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY —— CCE Based Practice Questions —— AS1-Conceptual Understanding Very Short Answer Type Questions 1. Match the following. Column A Column B i. 1951 a. 940 women for every 1000 men. ii. 1981 b. 972 women for every 1000 men. iii. 2011 c. 992 women for every 1000 men. iv. In A. P. in 1999 d. 945 women for every 1000 men v. 2011 in A. P. e. 931 women for every 1000 men. 2. Match the following. Column A Column B i. Bias a. Difference between men and women ii. Gender difference b. Unfair influence iii. Female Foeticide c. 33 for every 100 men iv. Female literacy rate in AP 2011 d. Girls are killed before they are born v. Female literacy rate in AP 1991 e. 60 to every 100 male 3. Answer the following questions in one sentence. (i) What do you mean by gender differences? (ii) What are boys encouraged to play with? (iii) Why are girls not encouraged to go to school? (iv) What happened after the reservation policies were pursued from 1980s in Andhra Pradesh? (v) Which are the subjects girls are discouraged to study? (vi) What is ‘discrimination’? CHAPTER 16. TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY 55
CHAPTER 16-TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY (vii) Which are the subjects girls are encouraged to study? (viii) What is the situation of women literacy in Andhra Pradesh? (ix) Which are the subjects boys are not encouraged to learn? (x) What is female infanticide? 4. Fill in the blanks. (xi) was the first state to enforce property laws to reduce discrimination. (xii) In some families young girls do not get sufficient food. (xiii) Differences made by Society which lead to inequalities and discrimination between men and women are called . (xiv) Girl children in rural areas do not receive . (xv) The proportion of women in Indian population is constantly . (xvi) The proportion of girls is less due to a practice called . (xvii) Children out of school is an important problem. (xviii) Women forming self–help groups at and levels help them to generate resources for the family. (xix) Another aspect of discrimination is among women. (xx) Women are now into police, army, navy and air force. Short Answer Type Questions 5. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) How does stereotyping lead to gender division? CHAPTER 16. TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY 56
CHAPTER 16-TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY AS2-Reading the Text, Understanding and Interpretation Short Answer Type Questions 6. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Normally, equal number of girls and boys should take birth. If the proportion of girls is less, it means that girls and women are not able to live a healthy life in our country and are dying earlier than men. But why is this proportion constantly declining? (ii) “Another aspect of discrimination is low literacy levels among women.” Explain. AS3-Information Skills Long Answer Type Questions 7. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Find out how, as children, how you can promote gender equality in India.(Hints : Nutritious food, educa- tion, social life) (ii) Do you think only girls should do household work? Make a list of all the chores in the house and divide it amongst all your brothers and sisters. AS4-Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Short Answer Type Questions 8. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) How can state laws help in reducing gender discrimination? Explain with an example. (ii) How have the roles and responsibilities of women in the past become a barrier for them to achieve equality in the present time? (Hints : Self–dependent, Taking up job, Social Life) AS6-Appreciation and Sensitivity Long Answer Type Questions 9. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) “When we say farmers, we only think of men but never of women. In fact, nearly eight out of every ten Indian working women work in the fields.” How do women contribute in rural villages? Are they recognized for their work? CHAPTER 16. TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY 57
CHAPTER 16-TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 10. Choose the correct answer. (i) In 1951 there were ____________ women for every 1000 men. (A) 978 (B) 945 (C) 954 (D) 925 (ii) In 1981 there were ____________ women for every 1000 men. (A) 961 (B) 941 (C) 951 (D) 931 (iii) In 2001 the ratio of girls under six years of age per 1000 boys was ____________. (A) 934 (B) 963 (C) 945 (D) 943 (iv) Andhra Pradesh has a large educational system with nearly ____________ crore students studying in schoolsand colleges. (A) 1.50 (B) 1.40 (C) 1.30 (D) 2.50 (v) Boys were not allowed to learn subjects like ____________ . (A) Engineering (B) Home Science (C) Science (D) None (vi) In Andhra Pradesh the laws made in _________ made it mandatory that the ancestral property be equally divided among sons and daughters. (A) 1980s (B) 1919s (C) 1910s (D) None of the above (vii) ____________ of the children stop going to the school after class 5. (A) One–fourth (B) Half (C) One–third (D) One–sixth CHAPTER 16. TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY 58
CHAPTER 16-TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY (viii) Most of the women working in A.P. are employed __________ . (A) In industries (B) In the service sector (C) As teachers (D) In agriculture (ix) _________ provide women with space to discuss important issues and problems in a village or community and to participate in political bodies. (A) Schools (B) Panchayats (C) Self-help groups (D) State governments (x) Even well-educated women are not allowed to take up _______________ by their families if it requires them to be away from home for long hours. (A) Unorganized jobs (B) Professional jobs (C) Revenue jobs (D) None of these CHAPTER 16. TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY 59
20.SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS SESSION 1 SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS – PRE-BUDDHIST AND BUDDHIST ARCHITECTURE 1.1 Mind Map 1.2 Terminology 1. Chaitya: Prayer hall for the monks. 2. Vihara: Living places of Buddhist monks where religious education was imparted. 3. Relics: A part of a deceased holy person’s body or belongings kept as an object of reverence. 4. Monks: A member of a religious community of men living under certain vows. 5. Stupa: A round domed building erected as a Buddhist shrine. 6. Monastery: The residence of religious community especially monks. SESSION 1. PRE-BUDDHIST AND BUDDHIST ARCHITECTURE 60
CHAPTER 20-SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS 1.3 Improve Your Learning Conceptual Understanding Q1. Compare the features of a Chaitya with that of a temple. Do you think the mode of worship in a Chaitya and a temple would be different? [Refer to TB page 178 Q7] A. Temple Chaitya 1) Chaityas are built like caves on hill sides. 1)Temples are built inside the towns, villages and cities 2) Chaityas have large prayer halls, stupas 2) Prayer hall is not a necessary feature of and small rooms for monks – all in the temples. rock. 3) Only Lord Buddha was worshipped. 3) In temple, Hindu Gods or Goddesses are worshipped. Q2. How did the Buddhist monks probably use the Viharas and Chaityas? [Refer to TB page 178 Q9] A. 1) In the Viharas and Chaityas, Buddhist monks taught Buddhist scriptures to disciples. 2) Apart from imparting education in Viharas, monks also treated the physical ailments of people. 3) We find many inscriptions from these viharas which tell us that ordinary men, women, farmers, traders, soldiers and artisans made liberal donations for building and the expenses of these viharas. 4) These places of learning had attracted the pilgrims from other countries. Q3. Why do you think Ashoka chose lions and bulls to put on his pillars rather than cows or parrots? What animal would you have chosen if you were in his place? Give reasons for your choice. [Refer to TB page 178 Q1] A. 1) Lions represent the power and bulls represent the majesty of the Mauryan emperors. 2) So, Ashoka chose lions and bulls to put on his pillars rather than cows or parrots. 3) If I was in place of Ashoka, I too have chosen the same. 4) The reason is that cows are domestic animals and parrots are domestic and homely birds. They do not represent the power or majesty. Q4. Look at the sculpture below showing the calming of the elephant. You can see some people watching the event from a height. Who do you think those people were? [Refer to TB page 178 Q4] SESSION 1. PRE-BUDDHIST AND BUDDHIST ARCHITECTURE 61
CHAPTER 20-SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS A. The royal elephant had gone out of control and the people on the street were panic stricken. Out of fear of the royal elephant the people ran here and there and some people climbed the trees, some climbed the roofs of houses and watched the running situation. So, may be those are the people who were watching the event from a height. They may belong to Royal Court or Kings Palace. Reading the Text, Understanding and Interpretation Q1. Look at the sculpture panel from Kanganahalli and identify the features that distinguish the king from the other people. [Refer to TB page 178 Q2] A. 1) The sculpture panel at Kanganahalli in Karnataka brought out a stone portrait of king Ashoka. 2) It is with an inscription in Brahmi letters read “Ranya Ashoka’ (King Ashoka). 3) The king is well armoured with jewellery, crown and the standing posture clearly distinguishing the king from the other people Q2. Read the first para of page 176 and comment on it. [Refer to TB page 178 Q11] A. Student’s Activity Mapping Skills Q1. Locate Buddhist and Jain sites in Andhra Pradesh outline map. [Refer to TB page 178 Q10] SESSION 1. PRE-BUDDHIST AND BUDDHIST ARCHITECTURE 62
CHAPTER 20-SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS A. ) ) ) Appreciation and Sensitivity Q1. Many stupas in Andhra Pradesh are on the banks of rivers (like Salihundam, Nagarjuna konda, Amaravati etc. Why do you think the monks selected these sites to build stupas? [Refer to TB page 178 Q3] A. 1) The sites near and on the banks of rivers are selected to build stupas because of their water facility. 2) These sites are far from the existing towns and cities, so there are suitable places for worship and for meditation. 3) These sites are free from pollution. 4) Rivers are lifelines for mankind. Hence river banks were selected for the construction of stupas. Q2. Why do you think the rock cut viharas and chaityas have survived till today? [Refer to TB page 178 Q6] A. 1) Traders, artisans and kings of Satavahanas donated generously to build a unique kinds of Chaityas and Viharas, like caves on hill sides. 2) Stone workers using chisels and hammers carved living rocks and reproduced structures which carpenters and wood workers had made. 3) They made large prayer halls, stupas and small rooms for monks –all from the rock. 4) Because all the structures are rock –cut, Viharas and Chaityas have survived even till today. SESSION 1. PRE-BUDDHIST AND BUDDHIST ARCHITECTURE 63
CHAPTER 20-SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS Q3. Why are the Buddhist stupas and Chaityas sacred? [Refer to TB page 178 Q8] A. 1) Buddhist stupas, chaityas are sacred because they are the holy places and the education centres of Buddhism. 2) The teachers are men of highest ability and talent. 3) They follow the teachings of Buddha with all sincerity. 4) The rulers of the monastery are strict and everyone has to follow them. 5) Discussions are held throughout the day and the old and the young mutually help one another. 6) Men from different cities come here to settle their doubts. 1.4 Key Concepts 1. King Ashoka set up tall, smoothly polished, pillars in many places. They were made of one piece of stone. 2. The most famous among these is the Lion capital of Sarnath set up by Ashoka. 3. The most famous stupa in India is the Sanchi stupa. 4. Amaravati stupa in Guntur district is the most famous one in Andhra Pradesh. 5. Another important stupa was the Nagarjunakonda stupa. It was a part of Vijayapuri, the capital city of lksh- vaku kings. 6. Viharas were the monasteries or the living places of Buddhist monks where religious education was im- parted. 7. Chinese pilgrims Fahien, Itsing and Hieun–Tsang came to visit places associated with the life of Buddha. 8. Pilgrims were the people who took up journeys to holy places to offer worship. 9. The ‘Chaityas’ are prayer halls of the monks. 10. Cave Viharas were found in Nasik and Karle. 11. Carpenters and masons were making temples and chaityas with mud, wood and stones. 12. At Sanchi in Madhya Pradesh, we have one of the earliest surviving stone temples.13. Traders and artisans of Satavahana period gave generous donations to build different chaityas and viharas. SESSION 1. PRE-BUDDHIST AND BUDDHIST ARCHITECTURE 64
CHAPTER 20-SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS —— CCE Based Practice Questions —— AS1-Conceptual Understanding Very Short Answer Type Questions 1. Match the following. Column A Column B i. Kanaganahalli a. Andhra Pradesh ii. Amaravati Stupa b. Rampurva iii. Sanchi Stupa c. Sarnath iv. Lion Capital d. Karnataka v. Bull Capital e. Madhya Pradesh 2. Match the following. Column A Column B i. Relics a. Large number of viharas,stupas and palaces ii. Sanchi Stupa b. Prayer hall for monks iii. Chaitya c. Travellers to a holy place iv. Pilgrims d. Like a hemisphere v. Vijayapuri e. Teeth, bone, hair, etc. 3. Answer the following questions in one sentence. (i) Which king set up pillars in many places? (ii) Name one place where the most famous sculptures of Buddha came from. (iii) At which place did Buddha first preach his teachings? (iv) What is a Stupa? (v) During whose rule was Amaravati Stupa built? (vi) Who found the panels of sculptures of Amaravati Stupa and took them away? CHAPTER 20. SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS 65
CHAPTER 20-SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS (vii) Where were Viharas built in Andhra pradesh? (viii) Name a Chinese pilgrim who came to India to visit places associated with the life of Buddha (ix) What are called Capitals? (x) To which place where the remaining panels of Amaravati Stupa transported? 4. Fill in the blanks. (xi) Karle Chaitya was built about ago. (xii) The four majestic lions facing the four directions hold the on their pedestal. (xiii) The most famous stupa in India is . (xiv) Chinese pilgrims , and came to visit places associated with the life of the Buddha as well as famous monasteries. (xv) were the people who took up journeys to holy places to offer worship. (xvi) There are cave viharas excavated on hill sides like in and . (xvii) The prayer hall for the monks is called . (xviii) Today the Amaravathi Stupa is just a mound of . (xix) were the monasteries or living places of Buddhist monks where religious education was imparted. (xx) At Sanchi in Madhya Pradesh we get one of the earliest surviving . Short Answer Type Questions 5. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) What is the importance of a stupa? (ii) At Sanchi in Madhya Pradesh, we get to see one of the earliest surviving stone temples. Give a brief description of this temple. CHAPTER 20. SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS 66
CHAPTER 20-SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS AS3-Information Skills Long Answer Type Questions 6. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Read the text and answer the following questions: Another important stupa was the Nagarjunakonda stupa. It was a part of Vijayapuri, the capital city of Ikshvaku kings. It was situated on the banks of Krishna River. Vijayapuri had a large number of stupas, viharas and palaces. It also had a beautifully designed amphi theatre and ghats leading to the river. Unfortunately, today the entire city lies under water – submerged in the Nagarjunasagar dam. A large number of sculptures and other remains have been removed and kept in a museum nearby. i. Where was Nagarjunakonda Stupa situated? ii. Where was Vijayapuri situated? iii. What was the speciality of Vijayapuri? iv. What is the situation of Vijayapuri today? AS4-Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Short Answer Type Questions 7. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Is there any difference between ancient cities and the modern cities of India? (ii) The cities of the Harappan civilization progressed and declined because of its dependence on the Sindhu River. Do you think modern cities too depend on rivers for its survival? AS5-Mapping Skills Short Answer Type Questions 8. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Identify the ancient civilization which this picture belongs to. What can you tell about this civilization from the picture given above? CHAPTER 20. SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS 67
CHAPTER 20-SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS Long Answer Type Questions 9. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Observe the image given below and answer the following questions: i. Which period of history does this structure belong to? ii. What metal is it made out of? iii. What does this structure signify? iv. Where is this pillar located? AS6-Appreciation and Sensitivity Long Answer Type Questions 10. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) The panels of the Amravati stupa were found by the British and taken away to London. Do you know of any other valuable Indian treasure that the Britishers took away to London? Do you think they should return it? CHAPTER 20. SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS 68
CHAPTER 20-SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 11. Choose the correct answer. (i) The most famous stupa in India is in ___________. (A) Andhra Pradesh (B) Karnataka (C) Madhya Pradesh (D) Tamil Nadu (ii) Amaravati Stupa is in ___________ district. (B) Krishna (A) Guntur (C) Prakasam (D) Nellore (iii) Nagarjunakonda Stupa is on the banks of the ___________ river. (A) Godavari (B) Krishna (C) Penna (D) Kaveri (iv) Sanchi Stupa is usually surrounded by a ___________ fence with decorated gateways. (A) Silver (B) Gold (C) Stone (D) Bronze (v) Amaravati Stupa was built during the rule of Satavahanas about ___________ years ago. (A) 2000 (B) 2100 (C) 1900 (D) 1600 (vi) Which of the following is not a Harrappan city? (B) Lothal (A) Vijayapuri (C) Kalibangan (D) Mohenjodaro (vii) A crystal casket containing the relics of the ___________ was found at Bhattiprolu Stupa. (A) Gandhi (B) Ashoka (C) Satavahana (D) Buddha CHAPTER 20. SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS 69
CHAPTER 20-SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS (viii) Pilgrims worship the stupa by offering___________ etc. (A) Flowers (B) Fruits (C) Clothes (D) Money (ix) Chaityas and viharaswere built by _________ kings in Karle, Nasik, Bhaja and Kanheri in Maharashtra. (A) Ashoka (B) Satavahana (C) Pallavas (D) Mauryas (x) What was the capital city of Ikshvaku Kings? (B) Guntur (A) Vijayapuri (C) Amaravati (D) Hyderabad CHAPTER 20. SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS 70
PROJECT BASED QUESTIONS —— Project Based Questions —— (i) Divide your class into two groups and hold a debate in your class on the topic ‘People do not vote on the basis of caste and religion’. (ii) Prepare a poster on ‘Swachh Bharat’. Display it in your class. (iii) Write a script of a small play about people discussing their problems in a meeting of Panchayat. (iv) Collect pictures of a few famous female personalities who were successful in male dominated profes- sions. Paste them in your scrapbook or notebook. (v) Draw a sketch of a historical monument and try to write the name of each part and its meaning and use. Make a presentation on it in your class. Project Based Questions 71
$GGLWLRQDOMap %DVHG3UDFWLFH4XHVWLRQV CHAPTER 12DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT Q1. Lookatthemapbelowandanswerthefollowingquestions. (i) Wheredoesthecentralgovernmentoperatefrom? 72 (ii) Wheredoesyourstategovernmentoperatefrom? Additional Map Based Practice Questions
CHAPTER 13VILLAGE PANCHAYATS Q1. OnanoutlinemapofAndhraPradesh,markthefollowing. (i) Thedistrictwhereyouarelocated. (ii) Thewardofyourvillage Additional Map Based Practice Questions 73
CHAPTER 20SCULPTURES AND BUILDINGS Q1. Lookatthemapgivenbelowandanswerthefollowingquestions. (i) Namethecitywhereadockyardwasfound. 74 (ii) WherewastheGreatBathfound? (iii) Whichriveristhiscivilizationnamedafter? Additional Map Based Practice Questions
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