9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3

INTEGRATED 3 TEXTBOOK – TERM by classklapTM ENGLISH, MATHEMATICS, EVS Enhanced Edition 4 Name: ___________________________________ Section: ________________ Roll No.: _________ School: __________________________________ NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 1 1/7/2019 3:00:16 PM

English Contents Class 4 11 Going Downhill on a Bicycle �������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1 12 Robot with a Virus �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 6 S4 Speaking Project ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 10 R4 Reading Comprehension ����������������������������������������������������������������������������� 11 13 Science Is Fun! ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 15 14 My Shadow ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 21 15 The Great Race ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 26 S5 Speaking Project ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 31 R5 Reading Comprehension ����������������������������������������������������������������������������� 32 Glossary �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 36 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 2 1/7/2019 3:00:17 PM

Going Downhill 11 on a Bicycle Exploring the World Listen and Say Aloud Word Rhyming word Word Rhyming word still hill swift lift cry fly joy boy air - share - Warm Up • Do you know cycling? Do you like to cycle? Why or why not? • H ave you ever cycled down a hill? How do you think you would feel while cycling down a hill? Share your thoughts. Let us read a poem in which a boy describes the fun of riding downhill on a bicycle. NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 3 1 1/7/2019 3:00:17 PM

Reading the Text With lifted feet, hands still, I am poised and down the hill Dart, with heedful mind; poised The air goes by in a wind. Swifter and yet more swift, dart heedful Till the heart with a mighty lift Makes the lungs laugh, the throat cry, ‘O bird, see; see, bird, I fly. Is this, is this your joy? O bird, then I, though a boy, For a golden moment share, Your feathery life in air!’ – Henry Charles Beeching Let Us Discuss 1) What is the boy doing in the poem? 2) What kind of mind does the boy have when he darts down the hill? 3) According to the boy, how does the air go? 4) To whom does the boy compare his joy? 2 1/7/2019 3:00:17 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 4

Understanding the Text Exercise 1: New words Word Meaning poised dart heedful Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) Describe the boy’s position before going down the hill. Ans.   2) What happens when the boy goes ‘swifter and yet more swift’? Ans.   3) What does the boy ask the bird to see? Ans.   4) How does the boy compare himself to the bird? Ans.   Going Downhill on a Bicycle 3 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 5 1/7/2019 3:00:17 PM

Exercise 3: Read and answer Fill in the blanks with appropriate words from the poem. dart    mighty    swift    joy    heedful 1) Leopards are ______________________ runners. 2) We saw a deer ______________________ quickly across the road. 3) He gave the closed door a ______________________ push. 4) Drivers should be ______________________ of people crossing busy roads. 5) Pinaki’s dog has brought much ______________________ to his family. Exercise 4: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) What do you think the boy thinks about the lives of birds? Ans.   2) The poem is about feeling joyful. What kinds of activities give you a feeling of joy? Ans.        4 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 6

Speaking Task Ask and answer questions People often get lost when they are travelling or when they are in a new place. Imagine that your partner is a new student. Take turns and help them by giving directions to different places in your school. You could also try giving them directions to reach different places shown in the map given below. Going Downhill on a Bicycle 5 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 7 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM

12 Robot with a Virus Listen and Say Aloud Words with more than four syllables multiplication imagination generosity personality overpopulation identification responsibility enthusiastically Warm Up • Do you know what a robot is? • Do you think that a robot is useful? Why or why not? Let us read a story about how a robot teaches a young boy an important lesson. 6 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 8

Reading the Text luxuries Rohit lived with his parents in a lovely delighted butler house that had all kinds of modern luxuries. Among them was a robot butler. Rohit didn’t help much around the house. However, he was delighted when his parents bought the latest model of a butler robot. Soon after its arrival, it went around cooking, cleaning, ironing and— most importantly—gathering up the clothes and toys scattered on the floor of Rohit’s bedroom. Rohit never liked picking up the clothes and toys from the floor. On the first day of the robot’s arrival, when Rohit went to sleep, he had scattered left his bedroom in a total mess as always. But when he woke up the next morning, everything was perfectly clean and tidy. In fact, it was too clean. Rohit couldn’t find his favourite T-shirt or his favourite toy. However much he searched, these two items were not to be found. Soon, a few of Rohit’s other things started to disappear too. Rohit looked caught it suspiciously at the shiny robot. He planned to spy on it and began red-handed following it around the house. Not long after, he caught it red-handed, hiding one of his toys! Off he went, running to his parents to tell them that the robot was not working properly and was badly programmed. Rohit asked them to have it changed. But his parents told him that it was impossible. They were delighted with the new robot and said that, besides everything else, it also cooked delicious food. Rohit continued complaining to his parents about how the robot was hiding all his good stuff. One day, as the robot was whirring past on its duties, it heard Rohit’s complaints. The robot returned with one of his toys and some clothes. ‘Here, sir. I did not know it was bothering you’, said the robot, in its metallic whirring voice. Robot with a Virus 7 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 9 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM

‘How could it not, you thief?! You’ve been stealing my stuff for weeks!’ Rohit shouted furiously. ‘The objects were left on the floor. I, therefore, calculated that furiously you don’t need them. I am programmed to collect all that is not needed. At night, I send these things to places where other humans can use them. I am a maximum-efficiency machine. Didn’t you know about this?’ the robot said with pride. Rohit felt ashamed. He had spent all his life treating things as efficiency though they were useless. He never took care of his things. It was true that many other people would be very happy to have those things. They would treat them with all the care in the world. He understood that the robot was neither broken nor wrongly programmed. In fact, it was programmed extremely well! Since then, Rohit decided to become a ‘maximum-efficiency boy’. He started to take care of his things. He kept them tidy and made sure that he didn’t have more than necessary. He even gave away the extra things he had to people who needed them more.  (Source: http://freestoriesforkids.com/children/stories-and-tales/robot-virus) Let Us Discuss 1) What were the tasks that the robot did in Rohit’s house? 2) W hat were the things that Rohit couldn’t find on the day after the robot’s arrival? 3) What did the robot say it had done with Rohit’s toys and clothes? 4) Why did Rohit feel ashamed? Understanding the Text Meaning Exercise 1: New words Word luxuries butler 8 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 10

Word Meaning delighted scattered suspiciously caught it red-handed programmed whirring furiously maximum efficiency Speaking Task Debate Is technology good? Divide your class into two groups. Group A shall list points in favour of technology and its advantages. Group B shall list points against technology and its disadvantages. Each group shall then share its point of view. Group A Group B Robot with a Virus 9 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 11 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM

S4 Speaking Project Travel preparations Travelling is fun. We get to see, learn and experience many things when we travel. But before a journey, there is a lot of preparation that goes into making our journey comfortable and safe. Do you know how one should prepare for a journey? Can you share your preparation plans with your classmates? Hints: •  How many days in advance do you start preparing for travel? • What kind of preparation is needed? (things that need to be packed, helping parents select a hotel, making lists, helping with household work before leaving and so on) •  What do you do on the day you are setting out to travel? 10 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 12

R4 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the story and answer the questions given below. ‘It is a wonderful book, Maa’, Barun replied happily. ‘I am reading about Rakesh Sharma right now.’ ‘So you are reading about the first Indian to go to space’, said his mother. She sat on the bed beside her son and asked him, ‘Have you read about Kalpana Chawla?’ Barun started reading about Kalpana Chawla in the evening. Kalpana Chawla was born in 1962 in Karnal in the state of Haryana. Nicknamed ‘Montu’ by her family, she went to school at the age of three. Later, she studied Aeronautical Engineering at Punjab Engineering College, India. In 1982, Kalpana went to the USA to study at the University of Texas at Arlington. In 1988, she became a research scientist at NASA Ames Research Center in Sunnyvale, California. In November 1996, Kalpana joined the STS-87 mission aboard the space shuttle Columbia. The mission flew in November–December 1997, during Kalpana Chawla which Kalpana spoke with the then Prime Minister of India, Mr Inderjit K Gujral, from the orbit. On 16 January 2003, Kalpana again went into space. She was on board the space shuttle Columbia. After a successful flight, Columbia was lost with its crew during reentry into the Earth’s atmosphere on 1 February 2003. A hill on Mars and a star in deep space have been named after Kalpana. Her story shows the value of hard work and sincerity that is remembered even when one is no more. NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 13 11 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM

1) Who was the first Indian to go to space? Ans.   2) Where was Kalpana Chawla born? Ans.   3) Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions from the options given in brackets. a) Kalpana Chawla was born _____________________ (on/in) Haryana. b) She was _____________________ (under/among) a group of astronauts who travelled to outer space. c) The rocket flew _____________________ (over/with) the Earth. 4) Another word for ‘answer’ in the passage is  . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1)  space shuttle a)  honesty 2)  crew b)  spacecraft 3)  sincerity c)  team Passage 2 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Kite flying is one of the world’s oldest sports. In China, people used to fly different coloured kites to send different messages. No one knows for certain who invented kites. Some historians believe that the Egyptians were the first to fly kites. Ancient Egyptian carvings depict men flying objects attached to strings. Some believe that Ancient Greeks invented kites, while others believe that the Chinese made the first kites. 12 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 14

Throughout the centuries, kites have been used for various purposes. Once, a Chinese emperor who had been imprisoned was saved by a kite. His followers flew a huge kite over the tower in which the emperor was imprisoned. Recognising the kite, he took hold of the huge ropes hanging from the kite and flew away to freedom. Benjamin Franklin used a kite to prove that lightning is a form of electricity. He flew a kite in a thunderstorm and was almost killed when lightning travelled down the wet string and lit up his instruments. The kite was also responsible for the invention of aeroplanes. The Wright Brothers flew many kinds of kites and studied their movements before making the first aeroplane. Actually, the first aeroplane was a huge kite glider that was specially made to carry an engine and a person. 1) Which is one of the world’s oldest sports? Ans.   2) Who used a kite to prove that lightning is a form of electricity? Ans.   3) Write the past tense forms of the words given below. a) fly – ___________________________ b) make – ___________________________ c) take – ___________________________ 4) The meaning of the word ‘ancient’ is ________________________________________________  . Reading Comprehension 13 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 15 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM

5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1)  invented a)  a period of hundred years 2)  historian b)  created for the first time 3)  century c)  someone who studies and records history 14 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 16

Science Is 13 Fun! The Wonders of Science Listen and Say Aloud According to some scientists, this is the hardest tongue twister. Try it out. pad kid poured curd pulled cod Warm Up • Science is a field of study. It focuses on finding and describing the world around us through observation and experimentation. Do you think it would be difficult to live without science? • L ook around you and name a few things in your classroom that are there because of science. Let us read a story that will tell us about the magical world of science. NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 17 15 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM

Reading the Text ‘S-C-I-E-N-C-E.’ Timee was trying hard to learn the spelling of ‘science’ for her dictation test the next day. She always got it wrong. ‘Why do we have to learn spellings? Why do we have to learn history? fed up Why do we have to learn tables? And why in the world do we have to study science? Why?’ asked Timee. She was fed up of trying to remember things that she could not understand. Limee, her elder sister, was watching her. ‘Timee, science is not hard at all. If you understand it, you will remember it easily’, said Limee. ‘But Didi, even if I understand it, so what? It is the most boring subject in the world. It is just diagrams and explain-the-working-of- this and what-is-this-process-called! Humph! What is the use of science?’ Limee looked at her sister in surprise. ‘Just try to imagine your process world without science.’ ‘I can imagine it very well. There would be no science subject and no science teacher! In that period, we would watch cartoons, eat ice cream and draw. It would be delightful, Didi!’ ‘My dear sister, if there were no science, you would be living in a cave with no electricity. No electricity would mean no television or fridge. And no ice cream, eh? There would be no books and no pencils. And, just by chance, if a mosquito were to bite you in malaria the cave, you could get malaria. There would be no medicines to cure you.’ Timee scratched her head. ‘Science is a part of our life’, Limee went on. ‘It helps us and makes our lives better. Look around; what do you see in this room?’ ‘I see my notebook, pencil, bed, Mama’s mobile phone, the fan and you!’ said Timee. 16 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 18

‘All the things that are there in this world work according to certain rules. Even your body. Since ancient times, people have questioned, studied and understood these rules. Then, they used this knowledge and invented new things.’ ‘Hmmm’, said Timee, thinking hard. ‘Do you know how electricity was discovered? Benjamin Franklin, an American scientist, flew a kite with a metal key attached to it in a thunderstorm. The lightning charged the key, and he got an electric shock. This proved what he had been thinking about—that lightning and electricity are related. Today, nothing in the world works without electricity.’ ‘I am already sweating at the very thought of no electricity!’ said Timee. ‘Now, imagine if Alexander Graham Bell had not invented the telephone! We would not be able to talk to people halfway across the globe while sitting comfortably in our homes. In fact, the internet, e-mail, computers, smartphones, tablets—all these have changed our lives so much. If you think about it, they are like miracles!’ ‘They are!’ said Timee. ‘Timee, you have no idea how much study is going on. From discovering the power of herbs in forests to exploring outer space. From the food we eat to the clothes we wear, science is doing wonders for us.’ ‘Didi, are there aliens in outer space?’ ‘Honestly, I don’t know about that.’ For once, Limee had no answers, and she kept quiet. ‘Then, I know what I will do when I grow up. I will science aliens’, said Timee proudly. aliens Limee fell laughing from her chair. ‘It is very good that you want to study science and be a scientist. But first get your spelling and grammar right. Otherwise, how will the aliens understand you?’ – Surbhi Sarna Science Is Fun! 17 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 19 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM

Let Us Discuss 1) What was Timee fed up of? 2) Who discovered electricity? 3) Who invented the telephone? 4) What does Timee decide at the end of the story? Understanding the Text Exercise 1: New words Meaning Word fed up process malaria miracles aliens Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) What did Timee think about science at the beginning of the story? Ans.   2) How did Timee describe a world without science? Ans.   18 1/7/2019 3:00:18 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 20

3) How was electricity discovered? Ans.   4) According to Limee, how is science doing wonders for us? Ans.   Exercise 3: Read and answer In each of the following sentences, circle the word that is spelt wrong. Then, rewrite it correctly in the blank provided. 1) There would be no medecenes to cure you if we didn’t have science. _____________________________________ 2) No electricity would mean no television or frige. _____________________________________ 3) S ince anshient times, people have questioned, studied and understood these rules. _____________________________________ 4) Limee fell lauffing from her chair. _____________________________________ 5) It is excellent that you want to study science and become a scientest. _____________________________________ Exercise 4: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) Do you like science? Why or why not? Ans.     Science Is Fun! 19 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 21 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM

2) An ‘invention’ is something that is created through an experiment. A discovery shows the existence of something. Given below are the names of some things. Are they inventions or discoveries? Sort them. gravity   television   computer   bicycle oxygen   fingerprints   needle   water cycle Inventions Discoveries Speaking Task Story telling Tell your partner a story that begins with the line given in the speech bubble. The day I met an alien... 20 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 22

My 14 Shadow The Wonders of Science Listen and Say Aloud Word Rhyming word Word Rhyming word me see ball all head bed play way grow slow up buttercup Warm Up • Sometimes, when you are walking in the light, do you see something dark walking along with you? Do you know what it is called? • Have you ever realised that its shape keeps changing? Do you know why that happens? Let us read a poem about what a child has to say about this. NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 23 21 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM

Reading the Text I have a little shadow that goes in and out with me, And what can be the use of him is more than I can see. He is very, very like me from the heels up to the head; And I see him jump before me, when I jump into my bed. The funniest thing about him is the way he likes to grow, Not at all like proper children, which is always very slow. For he sometimes shoots up taller like an India-rubber ball, And he sometimes gets so little there’s none of him at all. He hasn’t got a notion of how children ought to play, coward nursie And can only make a fool of me in every sort of way. buttercup He stays so close beside me, he’s a coward you can see; I’d think shame to stick to nursie as that shadow sticks to me! One morning, very early, before the Sun was up, dew I rose and found the shining dew on every buttercup. But my lazy little shadow, like an arrant sleepy-head, Had stayed at home behind me and was fast asleep in bed. – Robert Louis Stevenson Let Us Discuss 1) Who is ‘very very like’ the poet? 2) What is the funniest thing about the shadow? 3) What does the shadow not have a notion about? 4) What did the poet find on every buttercup? 22 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 24

Understanding the Text Exercise 1: New words Meaning Word India-rubber ball notion ought coward nursie dew buttercup arrant Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) Mention two things that the shadow does with the child in the poem. Ans.    2) How does the shadow grow? Ans.    3) Why does the child call his shadow a coward? Ans.    My Shadow 23 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 25 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM

4) What does the shadow do when the child gets up before the Sun? Ans.    Exercise 3: Read and answer Read the given lines and find the lines from the poem that mean the same. Then, write them in the space provided. 1) The shadow looks like the boy. Ans.    2) The shadow grows very big sometimes. Ans.    3) The shadow disappears completely sometimes. Ans.    4) The shadow becomes very small sometimes. Ans.    5) According to the boy, the shadow is very lazy. Ans.    24 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 26

Exercise 4: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) W hy do you think the shadow did not go along with the child very early before the Sun rose? Ans.    2) W hat does the child feel about sticking close to his nurse or caretaker? Why do you think he feels this way? Ans.    Speaking Task Interview In the poem ‘My Shadow’, the child describes how he spends his time by playing with the shadow. Divide your class into pairs. Ask questions to each other about the fun things that you do by yourselves. My Shadow 25 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 27 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM

15 The Great Race Listen and Say Aloud Words with two syllables – adjectives (stress the first syllable) Words with two syllables – nouns messy (stress the first syllable) honest parents modern robot lovely butler object Warm Up • D ifferent countries and cultures follow different calendars. The solar calendar is based on the Earth’s movement around the Sun, whereas the lunar calendar is based on the Moon’s movement around the Earth. Which calendar is followed all over the world? • Do you know which calendar is followed while deciding the festival dates in India? Let us read an interesting story that will tell us why the Chinese calendar is named after twelve different animals. 26 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 28

Reading the Text Long ago, the Jade Emperor of China invited all the animals to a swimming race. He declared that the first twelve animals would each have a year of the zodiac named after them. All the animals lined up along the river bank. The rat and the cat were poor swimmers. They asked the strong ox to help them. ‘Of course’, said the kind ox. ‘Just climb on my back. I will take you across the river.’ zodiac They had almost reached the other bank when the rat pushed the cat into the water. Just as the ox was about to win the race, the rat leapt onto his head and then onto the bank to finish first. ‘Well done’, said the emperor to the proud rat. ‘The first year of the zodiac will be named after you.’ The poor ox had the second year of the zodiac named after him. Shortly after them, an exhausted tiger clawed his way to the river bank. The third year of the zodiac was named after him. exhausted The next to arrive was the rabbit. He had reached the shore by floating on a log. The Jade Emperor declared the fourth year after his name. Just then, a dragon swooped down to take fifth place. The emperor asked, ‘Why didn’t you win the race when you can fly?’ ‘I needed to make rain for a few thirsty animals and swooped people. Then, I blew a puff of wind to help the rabbit float to the river bank.’ puff ‘Well, that was very kind of you. You will have the fifth year of the zodiac named after you’, declared the emperor.  The next thing the Jade Emperor heard was the sound of the horse’s sneaky hooves. Suddenly, a sneaky snake wriggled out from around one of the horse’s hooves. The horse was surprised and jumped backwards, giving the snake a chance to take the sixth place. The poor horse had to be wriggled satisfied with seventh place. The Great Race 27 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 29 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM

Not long afterwards, a raft arrived, carrying the goat, the monkey and the rooster. The emperor said that the goat would be the eighth zodiac animal. The monkey would be the ninth and the rooster the tenth. The next animal to finish was the dog. His reward was raft to have the eleventh year named after him. rooster There was only one place left in the zodiac. Finally, the emperor heard a grunt from the boar. ‘You took a long time to cross the river’, said the emperor to the boar. boar ‘I was hungry and stopped to eat’, explained the boar. ‘You have still done well’, said the emperor. ‘The last year of the zodiac will be named after you.’ As for the cat, he was too late to have a year named after him. He felt very angry with the rat. Since then, cats have never been friends with rats. From that day onwards, the Chinese Zodiac has followed this cycle of years that was named after these twelve animals.  – Adapted from a Chinese folktale Let Us Discuss 1) What did the Jade Emperor declare? 2) Which animal came first? 3) Which were the animals in the story that were kind and helpful? 4) According to the story, why have cats and rats not been friends since the race? 28 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 30

Understanding the Text Meaning Exercise 1: New words Word Jade Emperor zodiac exhausted swooped puff sneaky wriggled raft rooster boar Speaking Task Role play This is an activity to help you to practise your speaking or conversational skills in English. Conversation 1 Act out the following situation with your partner in front of the class. Situation: Mahesh introduces his cousin, Anand, to his friend. Mahesh: Hello, Zara, how are you? (greeting) Zara: Fine, thank you. How are you? The Great Race 29 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 31 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM

Mahesh: I am fine too. (responding to the greeting) Mahesh: Zara, meet my cousin, Anand. Anand, meet my friend, Zara. Zara: How do you do? (responding to the first introduction) Anand: I am fine. How do you do? Mahesh: Zara, yesterday I saw your brother at the railway station. Was he going somewhere? Zara: No. He had gone to the station with my grandparents to help them to carry the luggage. Conversation 2 Enact the given situation with your partner in front of the class. Situation: A conversation between a shopkeeper and a customer. Shopkeeper: How can I help you? Customer: Can you show me some shoes, please? Shopkeeper: Sure, which colour and size? Customer: Black. And size eight, I think. Shopkeeper: How about these shoes? Customer: They seem to fit well. Could you pack these shoes, please? Shopkeeper: Certainly! Here is your packet. Customer: Thank you! 30 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 32

S5 Speaking Project My favourite invention When it rains, what does a car driver use to wipe the water away from the windshield? The driver uses a windshield wiper. Did you know that Mary Anderson invented the windshield wiper in 1905? Human beings have invented many things that have made our lives easier and more comfortable. Inventions are all around us. Speak about your favourite invention. Here are a few hints to help you get started. •  Talk about who invented it. •  Talk about an interesting story behind it. •  Also, share why you think it is useful. •  Discuss how the invention can be used more interestingly. NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 33 31 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM

R5 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Spit keeps our mouths moist and softens our food when we chew. Without spit in our mouths, we would have a hard time talking and swallowing. But for some animals, spit works better after it has left the mouth. Some animals are experts at surviving because they are expert spitters. Llamas are animals that like their personal space. A llama that feels threatened or annoyed will spit slimy gobs at you to get you to leave it alone. Sometimes, llamas even spit on each other to steal food! Llama spit includes food from the llama’s stomach, and it can be quite smelly. When a llama spits on another animal, the animal usually loses its appetite and walks away, leaving its food behind. The archer-fish is a very skilled llamas spitter. It takes aim and spits jets of water at insects and other small creatures to knock them into the water. Then, it gulps them down quickly. Spitting cobras are also known for their expert aim. These snakes spray venom from their fangs to protect themselves. Scientists believe that these snakes actually aim for the eyes! When a cobra’s venom gets into the eyes of an animal, the venom causes terrible pain and even blindness. This gives the snake plenty of time to get away. 1) How does spit help human beings? Ans.   32 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 34

2) How do spitting cobras protect themselves? Ans.   3) Write the present continuous tense form of each of the words below. a) walk – ___________________________ b) talked – ___________________________ c) stole – ___________________________ 4) The meaning of ‘appetite’ is ______________________________________________. 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1)  soften a)  continuing to live 2)  surviving b)  poison 3)  venom c)  to make soft Passage 2 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Bullying is being unkind to another person again and again. Bullying can be of many types. It can be teasing, threatening to hurt someone or telling lies about someone. Yelling at someone, hitting them or excluding them can also be bullying. Being bullied makes people feel powerless, sad and alone. It can be difficult to stand up for yourself when you are being bullied. The bully seems more powerful than you. Being bullied can lead to illness or problems at school. It can also result in some people turning into bullies themselves. Reading Comprehension 33 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 35 1/7/2019 3:00:19 PM

There are a lot of reasons why bullying happens. Some want to copy their friends. Some think that being a bully will make them respected or popular. Sometimes bullies think that they are better than their peers, and so they bully them to prove it. Bullies use power to hurt people. Bullies might use physical strength. They might use their popularity or smartness in school. Or they may use secrets they know to hurt others. No matter what the reasons behind it are, or how it is done, bullying is wrong! Bullying isn’t just bad for the victim being bullied. It’s bad for the bully too. Those who are bullies often grow up to have problems like getting into fights. You may not know what to do if you witness bullying. It may make you feel depressed or worried. You may not feel safe. These feelings may make you want to join in the bullying, or be silent, so as not to get bullied yourself. Or perhaps the bullying makes you so angry that you stand up to the bully yourself. The best and safest thing to do is to inform an adult whom you trust so that they can help put a stop to it. 1) What are the different ways by which bullying can happen? Ans.   2) What can you do if you see somebody getting bullied? Ans.   3) Change the given sentences by following the instructions in brackets. a) Bullying can be of many ways. (change into interrogative sentence) Ans.   b) You should always inform an adult about the bullying. (change into imperative sentence) Ans.   34 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 36

c) Do not bully your classmates. (change into declarative sentence) . Ans.   4) The meaning of the word ‘witness’ is   5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1)  threaten a)  the person harmed by an unpleasant event/action 2)  powerless b)  to intend to cause harm to someone 3)  victim c)  without the power to prevent something from happening Reading Comprehension 35 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 37 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM

Glossary Sr. No. Words Meaning creatures from outer space 1 aliens (n.) complete; absolute a wild pig 2 arrant (adj.) the chief servant in the house of a rich person a plant with small, bright yellow flowers 3 boar (n.) caught during a crime someone who is not brave 4 butler (n.) move quickly very happy 5 buttercup (n.) droplets of water that form on cool surfaces at night the ability to do something very quickly and well 6 caught it red- very tired handed (phr.) tired beyond one’s patience very angrily 7 coward (adj.) mindful and attentive 8 dart (v.) 9 delighted (adj.) 10 dew (n.) 11 efficiency (n.) 12 exhausted (adj.) 13 fed up (phr. v.) 14 furiously (adv.) 15 heedful (adj.) NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 38 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM

Sr. No. Words Meaning 16 India-rubber ball (n.) a ball that bounces very high 17 Jade Emperor (n.) the primary god in Chinese traditions 18 luxuries (n.) expensive things that people enjoy but do not really need 19 malaria (n.) a disease from a certain type of mosquito bite 20 maximum (adj.) as high as possible 21 miracles (n.) amazing or wonderful occurrences 22 notion (n.) an idea or belief about something 23 nursie (n.) nurse; caretaker 24 ought (v.) should 25 poised (adj.) in a ready position 26 process (n.) method 27 programmed (adj.) given a set of instructions to perform an action 28 puff (n.) a short, sudden burst of breath 29 raft (n.) a flat, wooden structure used as a boat 30 rooster (n.) an adult, male chicken 31 scattered (adj.) thrown all around 32 sneaky (adj.) secretive NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 39 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM

Sr. No. Words Meaning 33 suspiciously (adv.) with doubt or distrust 34 swooped (v.) pounced; moved down very fast 35 whirring (v.) moving very fast with a low, continuous sound 36 wriggled (v.) twisted and turned quickly 37 zodiac (n.) cycle of twelve years with animal symbols for each year n. Key v. noun adj. verb adv. phr. adjective prn. adverb abbr. phrase phr. v pronoun abbreviation phrasal verb NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 40 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM

Mathematics Contents Class 4 10 Decimals 10.1 C  onversion Involving Fractions .............................................................1 11 Money 11.1  Conversion of Rupees and Paise ........................................................13 11.2  Add and Subtract Money with Conversion.........................................17 11.3 Multiply and Divide Money .................................................................19 12 Measurements 12.1 M  ultiply and Divide Lengths, Weights and Capacities......................25 13 Data Handling 13.1 B ar Graphs.............................................................................................32 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 41 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM

Chapter Decimals 10 Let Us Learn About • the term ‘decimal’ and its parts. • u nderstanding decimal system. • e xpanding decimal numbers with place value charts. • converting fractions to decimals and vice versa. Concept 10.1: Conversion Involving Fractions Think Jasleen and her friends participated in the long jump event in their Jasleen – 4.1m Ravi – 2.85m games period. Her sports teacher noted the distance they jumped on a Rajiv – 3.05 m piece of paper as shown here. Amit – 2.50m Jasleen wondered why the numbers had a point between them as in the case of writing money. Do you know what the point means? Recall Recall that in Class 3 we have learnt to measure the lengths, weights and volumes of objects. For example, a pencil is 12.5 cm long. 12. 5 cm 1 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 42

A crayon is 5.4 cm long. 5.4 cm The weight of your mathematics textbook is 0.905 kg. A milk packet has 0.250 of milk, and so on. In all these values, we see numbers with a point between them. Have you read price tags on some items when you go shopping? ` 300.75 ` 439.08 They also have numbers with a point between them. Let us learn why a point is used in such numbers. & Remembering and Understanding We know how to write fractions. In this figure, 3 portion is coloured and 7 portion is not coloured. 10 10 3 or 0.3 and the We can write the coloured portion of the figure as 10 portion that is not coloured as 7 or 0.7. 10 Numbers such as 0.3, 0.7, 3.0, 3.1, 4.7, 58.2 and so on are called decimal numbers or simply decimals. Tenths: The figure below is divided into ten equal parts. 1 111 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Each column is of the same size. Then, each of the ten equal parts is 1 . It is read as one-tenth. Fractional form of each equal part is 1 . 10 10 Decimal form of each equal part is 0.1. Decimals 2 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 43 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM

We read numbers like 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 … as ‘zero point one’, ‘zero point two’, ‘zero point three’ and so on. Zero is written to indicate the place of the whole number. A decimal number has two parts. 48 . 35 Whole or integral part Decimal part (= or > 0) (< 1) Decimal Point Note: T he numbers in the decimal part are read as separate digits. Recall the place value chart of numbers. 100 × 10 10 × 10 1 × 10 1 Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones 6 2 5 5 3 2 2 6 5 2 We know that in this chart, as we move from right to left, the value of the digit increases 10 1 times. Also, as we move from left to right, the value of a digit becomes times. The place 10 value of the digit becomes one-tenth, read as a tenth. Its value is 0.1 read as ‘zero point one’. 2 is read as ‘two-tenths’, 7 is read as ‘seven–tenths’ and so on. 10 10 We can extend the place value chart to the right as follows: 1 × 1000 1 × 100 1 × 10 1 . 1 10 Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones Decimal Tenths 7 . 2 1 2 4 . 3 30 4 3 . 6 1 5 . 7 The number 3015.7 is read as three thousand and fifteen point seven. Similarly, the other numbers are read as follows: 3 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 44

Seven point two; twenty-four point three and one hundred and forty-three point six. The point placed in between the number is called the decimal point. The system of writing numbers using a decimal point is called the decimal system. [Note: ‘Deci’ means 10.] Hundredths: Study this place value chart. Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones Decimal Tenths Hundredths 1 × 10 1 point 1 × 1000 1 × 100 2 1 1 2 8 6 . 10 100 3 . 9 When the number moves right from the tenths place, we get a new place, which is 1 of the tenths place. It is called the ‘hundredths’ place written as 1 and read 10 100 as one-hundredths. Its value is 0.01, read as ‘zero point zero one’. 2 is read as two-hundredths, 5 is read as five-hundredths and so on. 100 100 So, the number in the place value chart is read as ‘two thousand eight hundred and sixty-two point three nine’. Expansion of decimal numbers Using the place value chart, we can expand decimal numbers. Let us see a few examples. Example 1: Expand these decimals. a) 1430.8 b) 359.65 c) 90045.75 d) 654.08 Solution: To expand the given decimal numbers, first write them in the place value chart as shown. S. no Ten Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones Decimal Tenths Hundredths thousands 1 point a) 4 3 0 . 8 b) 9 0 3 5 9 65 c) 0 4 5 . 75 d) 6 5 4 08 . . Decimals 4 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 45 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM

Expansions: 1 a) 1430.8 = 1 × 1000 + 4 × 100 + 3 × 10 + 0 × 1 + 8 × 10 b) 359.65 = 3 × 100 + 5 × 10 + 9 × 1 + 6 × 1 + 5 × 1 Example 2: 10 100 c) 90045.75 = 9 × 10000 + 0 × 1000 + 0 × 100 + 4 × 10 + 5 × 1 + 7 × 1 + 5 × 1 10 100 1 1 d) 654.08 = 6 × 100 + 5 × 10 + 4 × 1 + 0 × + 8 × Solution: 10 100 Write these as decimals. a) 7 × 1000 + 2 × 100 + 6 × 10 + 3 × 1 + 9 × 1 + 3 × 1 10 100 b) 3 × 10000 + 0 × 1000 + 1 × 100 + 9 × 10 + 6 × 1 + 4 × 1 + 5 × 1 10 100 c) 2 × 1000 + 2 × 100 + 2 × 10 + 2 × 1 + 2 × 1 + 2 × 1 10 100 d) 5 × 100 + 0 × 10 + 0 × 1 + 0 × 1 + 5 × 1 10 100 First write the numbers in the place value chart as shown. S. no Ten Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones Decimal Tenths Hundredths thousands point a) 7 2 63 . 93 b) 3 0 1 96 . 45 c) 2 2 22 . 22 d) 5 00 . 05 Standard forms of the given decimals are: a) 7263.93 b) 30196.45 c) 2222.22 d) 500.05 Conversion of fractions to decimals Fractions can be written as decimals. Consider an example. Example 3: Express these fractions as decimals. a) 18 2 b) 43 5 c) 26 1 d) 4 9 10 10 10 10 Solution: To write the given fractions as decimals, follow these steps. Step 1: Write the integral part as it is. Step 2: Place a point to its right. 5 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 46

Step 3: Write the numerator of the proper fraction part. a) 18 2 = 18.2 b) 43 5 = 43.5 10 10 c) 26 1 = 26.1 d) 4 9 = 4.9 10 10 Example 4: Express these fractions as decimals. a) 25 b) 17 2 c) 43 d) 5 92 100 100 100 100 Solution: a) 25 = 25 hundredths = 0.25 100 b) 17 2 = 17 and 2 hundredths = 17.02 100 c) 43 = 43 hundredths = 0.43 100 d) 5 92 = 5 and 92 hundredths = 5.92 100 Shortcut method: Fractions having 10 or 100 as their denominators, can be expressed in their decimal form by following the steps given below. Step 1: Write the numerator. Step 2: Then count the number of zeros in the denominator. Step 3: Place the decimal point after the same number of digits from the right as the number of zeros. For example, the decimal form of 232 = 2.32 100 Note: F or the decimal equivalent of a proper fraction, place a 0 as the integral part of the decimal number. Conversion of decimals to fractions To convert a decimal into a fraction, follow these steps. Step 1: Write the number without the decimal. Step 2: Count the number of decimal places (that is, the number of places to the right of the decimal number). Step 3: Write the denominator with 1 followed by as many zeros as the decimal point. Decimals 6 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 47 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM

Example 5: Write these decimals as fractions. a) 2.3 b) 13.07 c) 105.43 d) 0.52 Solution: a) 2.3 = 23 b) 13.07 = 1307 10 100 c) 105.43 = 10543 d) 0.52 = 52 Alternate method: 100 100 A decimal having an integral part can be written as a mixed fraction. So, 2.3 = 2 and 3 tenths = 2 3 10 13.07 = 13 and 7 hundredths = 13 7 100 105.43 = 105 and 43 hundredths = 105 43 100 Application Let us see a few real-life examples of decimals. Example 6: The amount of money with Sneha and her friends are given in the table. Sneha ` 432.50 Anjali ` 233.20 Rohan ` 515.60 Jay ` 670.80 Write the amounts in words. Solution: To write the decimals in words, the integral part is read as usual. The decimal part is read as digits. Amount In words ` 432.50 four hundred and thirty-two rupees and fifty paise ` 233.20 two hundred and thirty-three rupees and twenty paise ` 515.60 five hundred and fifteen rupees and sixty paise ` 670.80 six hundred and seventy rupees and eighty paise 7 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 48

Example 7: The weights of some children in grams are given in the table below: Name Weight in grams Solution: Rahul 23456 Anil 34340 Anjali 28930 Soham 25670 Convert these weights into kilograms. We know that 1 kg = 1000 g. To convert grams to kilograms, we divide it by 1000. So, the weights in kilograms are as follows. Name Weight in grams Weight in kilograms Rahul 23456 23456 1000 = 23.456 Anil 34340 34340 = 34.340 Anjali 28930 1000 28930 = 28.930 1000 Soham 25670 25670 = 25.670 1000 Example 8: Complete this table. S. No Fraction Read as Decimal Read as a) 7 tenths 0.7 Zero point seven 7 10 b) 47 100 c) 3 5 10 d) 0.34 e) 12 and 65 hundredths Decimals 8 NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 49 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM

Solution: Read as Decimal Read as S. No. Fraction 0.7 Zero point seven a) 7 7 tenths 10 b) 47 47 hundredths 0.47 Zero point four seven 100 3.5 Three point five c) 3 5 3 and 5 tenths 10 d) 34 34 hundredths 0.34 Zero point three four 100 e) 12 65 12 and 65 hundredths 12.65 Twelve point six five 100 Example 9: Ajay and Vijay represented the coloured part of the figure given as follows: Ajay: 3 Vijay: 0.03 10 Solution: Whose representation is correct? The number of shaded parts as a fraction is 3 or 3 tenths. 10 As a decimal it is 0.3 and not 0.03. So, Ajay’s representation is correct. Higher Order Thinking Skills (H.O.T.S.) Observe the following: 2 tenth=s =2 0.2 10 9 1/7/2019 3:00:20 PM NR_BGM_9789386663368 MAPLE G04 INTEGRATED TEXTBOOK TERM 3_Text.pdf 50