84923_CO - 72_222310192-COMPASS-STUDENT-WORKBOOK-SOCIAL_STUDIES-G05-PART2

CO MPASS SERIES social studies WORKBOOK part - 2 3 Name: Learn@Home Sec�on: Roll No.: School:

Preface ClassKlap partners with schools, supporting them with learning materials and processes that are all crafted to work together as an interconnected system to drive learning. Our books strive to ensure inclusiveness in terms of gender and diversity in representation, catering to the heterogeneous Indian classroom. ClassKlap presents the Compass series, designed specifically to meet the requirements of the new curriculum released in November 2016 by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE). Guiding principles: The 2016 CISCE curriculum states the following as a few of its guiding principles for Social Studies teaching:  Connecting learning to life in the outside world  Integrating Social Studies with other subjects across the curriculum and arts  Using meaningful contexts to develop interpersonal and life skills  Making assessment for learning an integral part of the teaching-learning process  Ensuring active participation of children by using a variety of activities and tasks Each of these principles resonates with the spirit in which the ClassKlap textbooks, workbooks and teacher companion books have been designed. The ClassKlap team of pedagogy experts has carried out an intensive mapping exercise to create a framework based on the CISCE curriculum document. Key features of ClassKlap Compass series:  CISCE framework  Develops the knowledge and skills necessary for informed and thoughtful participation in society  Introduces children to timelines and historical maps in order to help them develop timeline, map and globe skills  Helps in developing observation, reporting, analysis and critical-thinking skills  Promotes awareness and personal responsibility through dialogue and enquiry about the world around them  Engages students through an interactive, age-appropriate, visually enhanced infographics and activity-based content All in all, the Compass Social Studies books aim to generate greater engagement and enhance social, cultural and analytical skills for the intuitive and harmonious growth of an individual in an interconnected and interdependent global community. – The Authors

Workbook Features • Use of simple, age-appropriate language • Situation-based questions to foster real-life skills • Use of map and image-based questions to build analytical skills • Focus on subject-related vocabulary building I Remember Recollecting critical information related to the ‘who’, ‘what’, ‘when’ and ‘where’ of the concept I Apply I Understand Applying the understanding of Engaging with the ‘how’ and the concept to questions based ‘why’ of the concept on application of the concept in real-life scenarios I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Extending the application of the concept to more advanced and challenging questions that meet the criteria of higher order thinking skills

Contents 7 The Things We Make������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1 8 The Changing Face of Indian Industry������������������������������������������������������������� 7 9 Solar and Lunar Eclipses���������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 13 10 Natural Resources I: Gifts from the Earth�������������������������������������������������������� 19 11 Natural Resources II: Gifts of Nature��������������������������������������������������������������� 25 12 One Earth, One Chance���������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 32 13 Laws, Rights and Duties������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 39

7Lesson The Things We Make I Remember Multiple Choice Questions 1) Which of the following is an example of a manufacturing industry? [ ] (A) (B) Iron and steel Banking (C) (D) Dairy farming Laundry 2) Which of the following is not a cash crop? (A) (B) [] Jute Rice 1

(C) (D) Sunflower Sugar Fill in the Blanks 3) The ___________________ industry in India meets the demand for clothes of the Indian population. 4) The rearing of bees gives us ___________________. Very Short Answer Questions 5) For what purposes are new ships made in the shipbuilding yards in India? Ans. 6) Name a good natural fertiliser. Ans. Short Answer Question 7) Define ‘livestock rearing’. Look at the two pictures. Identify the picture which shows livestock. Picture A Picture B Ans. 2

I Understand Circle the Correct Word 8) The iron and steel industry is an example of a large / small industry. 9) Handicraft / Banking is a type of cottage industry. 10) The manufacturing of cars / textiles is a part of the automobile industry. 11) A hotel is not an example of the service / manufacturing industry. Short Answer Questions 12) What products other than food do we get from animals? Ans. 13) How does the shipbuilding industry in India provide jobs to many Indians? Ans. The Things We Make 3

Long Answer Question 14) Look at the map with a legend for the industries in India. Label two states where each industry mentioned in the legend is present. Use the symbols given in the legend to mark the states. LEGEND Infotech industry Iron and steel industry Textile industry Automobile industry I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) Ravi has moved to Andhra Pradesh from Maharashtra. Which of the following industries is not present in his previous state? [     ] (A) infotech industry (B) iron and steel industry (C) textile industry (D) car manufacturing industry 4

16) Which of the following animals is not reared in Uttar Pradesh? [] (A) (B) Camel Buffalo (C) (D) Donkey Horse Short Answer Questions 17) Why are complex machines needed in a large-scale industry? Ans. 18) Radha makes handicrafts at home and employs ten people. Name the industry she works in. Give an example of such an industry. Ans. Long Answer Question 19) In which industry are the applications used on a phone made? Can you give an example of such an application? What does this industry do apart from making applications? Ans. WB: The Things We Make 5

I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Visit a small-scale or cottage industry in your neighbourhood. Find out how it works. Write a short report on the visit. Ans. 6

8Lesson The Changing Face of Indian Industry I Remember Multiple Choice Questions 1) Which of these was invented during the Industrial Revolution? [ ] (A) (B) Microwave Telegraph (D) (C) Wheel Washing machine 2) Identify the process of breaking soil before putting seeds in it. [ ] (A) (B) Ploughing Sewing 7

(C) (D) Sowing Sawing Fill in the Blanks 3) The refrigerator is an example of a ___________________. 4) Cane furniture is made from ___________________. Very Short Answer Questions 5) What is the process of producing finished goods from raw materials known as? Ans. 6) What is a skill in a particular craft known as? Ans. Short Answer Question 7) Define ‘raw materials’. Give an example. Ans. 8

I Understand Finished goods a) Match the Following Raw materials 8) Cotton Ice creams 9) b) Fruits Petroleum jelly 10) c) Crude oil Jam 11) d) Milk Saris The Changing Face of Indian Industry 9

Short Answer Questions 12) W hy is the number of artisans in the country decreasing? Give an example of the craft industry. Ans. 13) Name one modern and one traditional method of irrigation. Ans. Long Answer Question 14) Can you think of an example where raw materials from mines are used in a craft in the textile industry? What do you know about this craft? Ans. I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) Riti bought a locally made sari from Chennai. What type of sari is it most likely to be? [ ] (A) Sambalpuri (B) Kancheepuram (C) Tant (D) Benarasi 10

16) Kalyan works in the cane industry. He makes cane furniture by hand. What type of an industry is he a part of? [] (A) large-scale industry (B) engineering industry (C) cottage industry (D) small-scale industry Short Answer Questions 17) A lot of farmlands and forests are being cut down to make room for factories and industries. How do you think this will affect the environment? Ans. 18) Shanti is a farmer. She has a drilling machine. What does she use it for? How does the machine help her? Ans. _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ Long Answer Question 19) Manisha is a Chikankari artisan. She has cut and stitched her cloth. She passes on the cloth to Riju. What other steps does Riju need to go through to get the finished product? The Changing Face of Indian Industry 11

Ans. I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Interview an artisan about their work. Then write down your experience below. Hints: • What kind of work do they do? • What raw materials do they use? • How long does it take to make the finished product? • Do they work alone or in a group? Ans. 12

9Lesson Solar and Lunar Eclipses I Remember Multiple Choice Questions 1) Which of the following heavenly bodies is not visible during a solar eclipse?[    ] (A) Moon (B) Earth (C) Sun (D) star 2) When people watch a partial eclipse, which part of the shadow falls over them?[    ] (A) umbra (B) dark (C) total (D) penumbra Fill in the Blanks 3) A ________________________ is a dark shape cast by an object blocking light. 4) Many heavenly bodies revolve along a fixed ________________________. Very Short Answer Questions 5) In which type of solar eclipse does the Sun appear to be a ring of light? Ans. 6) Which part of the body may get damaged if you watch a solar eclipse without any protection? Ans. Short Answer Question 7) Define ‘eclipse’. Ans. 13

I Understand Write ‘True’ or ‘False’ 8) A shadow is formed when light is blocked by an object. [    ] 9) Solar eclipses can be of four types.  [     ] 10) The word ‘solar’ has been derived from the Greek word ‘solaris’.  [     ] 11) The umbra is the outer area of the shadow where the Moon [     ] covers only a part of the Sun. Short Answer Questions 12) Look at the picture. Answer the following questions. a) What do you see in the image? Ans. b) Explain how the shadow is formed in the picture. Ans. 13) Identify the type of eclipse shown in the picture. How does this heavenly body look during this type of eclipse? 14

Ans. Long Answer Question 14) Draw a diagram to show how a lunar eclipse occurs. Also label the diagram correctly. Ans. I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) Which of the following brings heavenly bodies in a straight line?  [] (A) shadow (B) revolution (C) orbit (D) rotation Solar and Lunar Eclipses 15

16) Why can the Moon not be seen during a lunar eclipse? [ ] (A) The Moon no longer reflects the light of the Sun as the Earth comes in between. (B) Mars blocks the light of the Moon from reaching the Earth. (C) The Sun comes between the Earth and the Moon. (D) The Moon blocks the light of the Earth. Short Answer Questions 17) Read the clues and solve the crossword. Ans. 1 Across 2 2. It reflects the light of the Sun. 3. This type of lunar eclipse occurs when only a part of the Moon passes through the Earth’s penumbra. 34 Down 1. The darkest part of the shadow during an eclipse. 4. In this type of solar eclipse, the Moon completely blocks the Sun. 16

18) Number the following events in the correct order. Identify the event that is occurring here. The Sun, the Moon and the Earth come in a straight line. The Moon blocks the light of the Sun from reaching the Earth and casts its shadow on the Earth. The Sun becomes invisible when viewed from the Earth. The Moon comes between the Earth and the Sun. Ans. Long Answer Question 19) Determine why lunar eclipses last longer than solar eclipses. Hint: Think of the size of the Earth and the Moon. Ans. I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Akansha and Joel are excited to see a solar eclipse that is about to occur the next day. Akansha’s father who is a scientist tells them to never look at an eclipse of the Sun with the naked eye. He also tells them that special equipment such as solar viewing glasses or a pinhole camera with special filters are needed to view the eclipse. Find out what is a pinhole camera is. Solar and Lunar Eclipses 17

Ans. 18

10Lesson Natural Resources I: Gifts from the Earth I Remember [     ] Multiple Choice Questions 1) Which of the following is not a natural resource? (A) (B)  Air Water (C) (D)  Plastic bags Sunlight 2) Which gases cause smog and acid rain? [    ] (A) sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide (B) nitrogen and chlorine (C) sulphur oxide and nitrous oxide (D) oxygen and nitrogen Fill in the Blanks 3) ________________________ is used to make aircraft bodies and utensils. 4) Crude oil is also known as ________________________. 19

Very Short Answer Questions 5) What is the term used for things that are found in nature? Ans. 6) What is the process of making diesel and petrol from crude oil called? Ans. Short Answer Question 7) Define ‘ore’. Give an example. Ans. I Understand Circle the Odd One Circle the picture that is not related to the other pictures in each row. 8) Steel Iron ore Gold Ash 9) Tree Petrol Sunlight Soil 10) Silver Ash Smoke Waste water 20

11) Plastic Petrol Diesel Coal Short Answer Questions 12) Why are non-renewable sources of energy popular? Give two examples. Ans. 13) What is plastic made from? Why is plastic harmful for the environment? Ans. ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Long Answer Question 14) Look at the pictures. Identify which is a renewable resource and which is not. Outline the differences between renewable and non-renewable resources. Picture A Picture B Ans. Natural Resources I: Gifts from the Earth 21

Renewable resources Non-renewable resources I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) The picture shows an old railway engine. It used steam to work. How did railway engines produce steam? [] (A) by using biogas (B) by burning coal (C) with the help of solar panels (D) with windmills 16) Which of the following comes from trees? [] (A) (B) Pen Nail clipper 22

(C) (D) Zipper Book Short Answer Questions 17) Can ash and plastic be classified as natural resources? Explain. Ans. 18) Whenever we ride a car, we use petrol or diesel. When petrol or diesel is burnt to produce energy for the car, they release smoke. This pollutes the environment. You and your neighbour are invited to a party. Write two ways in which you can go to the party without causing too much pollution. Ans. Long Answer Question 19) Analyse why petroleum is called a fossil fuel. Natural Resources I: Gifts from the Earth 23

Ans. I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Conduct a small survey in your neighbourhood. Go to five houses and find out what means of cooking are used in those houses. List them down. If people are using materials that pollute the environment, make a poster to show them how they are polluting the environment. Ans. 24

11Lesson Natural Resources II: Gifts of Nature I Remember Multiple Choice Questions 1) About how much of the Earth is covered in water? [ ] [ ] (A) three-fifths (B) three-fourths (C) two-fourths (D) two-fifths 2) From which of the following do we get pearls? (A) (B) Oysters Horses (D) (C) Coral reef Starfish Fill in the Blanks 3) _________________ resources are also known as gifts of nature. 4) An area of land that is thickly covered by trees is called a __________________. 25

Very Short Answer Questions 5) What do we use to generate electricity from wind? Ans. 6) What are protected forests called? Ans. Short Answer Question 7) Identify the ways to save the natural resources shown in the picture. Elaborate on any one of them. Ans. 26

I Understand Forms of energy a) Match the Following Natural resources 8) Sunlight b) 9) Running water c) 10) Soil d) 11) Wind Natural Resources II: Gifts of Nature 27

Short Answer Questions 12) Give two reasons why the Sun is the most important source of renewable energy. Ans. 13) Over time, more and more plants and animals are becoming extinct. Mention two measures that we can take to prevent this from happening. Ans. Long Answer Question 14) Explain the concept of deforestation and its effects. Ans. I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) Which of these is not a renewable source of energy?  [] (A) (B) Sunlight Wind 28

(C) (D) Coal Water 16) N ame the process by which surface water becomes clouds and [] causes rain. (A) air cycle (B) purification (C) water cycle (D) erosion Short Answer Questions 17) Look at these two pictures. Which place do you think is more likely to experience soil erosion? Why? Picture A Picture B Ans. 18) Examine why water and wind are called renewable resources. Ans. Natural Resources II: Gifts of Nature 29

Long Answer Question 19) Your neighbourhood has an empty plot of land that is slowly turning into a garbage dump. What steps would you take to stop that land from becoming a wasteland? Ans. I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Visit an animal shelter/poultry farm/stable in your neighbourhood. Interview the people who work there. Ask them whether the animals present there are treated humanely or are exploited. Write down their answers in the space provided. 30

Ans. Name: Occupation: Their opinion: Your opinion: Name: Occupation: Their opinion: Your opinion: Natural Resources II: Gifts of Nature 31

12Lesson One Earth, One Chance I Remember Multiple Choice Questions [ ] 1) Which component of the environment do living organisms make up? ] (A) abiotic (B) biotic (C) antibiotic (D) probiotic 2) Which gas do rice plantations mostly release?  [ (A) carbon dioxide (B) nitrogen (C) methane (D) oxygen Fill in the Blanks 3) There was excess production of food during the _____________________. 4) Lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere make up the _________________ components of the environment. Very Short Answer Questions 5) Name a glacier that has been affected by global warming. Ans. 32

6) Label the layer in the atmosphere that keeps away the harmful rays of the Sun. Short Answer Question 7) How do different countries manage their requirements? Explain with the help of an example. Ans. I Understand [] [] Write ‘True’ or ‘False’ 8) Dead plants and animals decompose to make the soil fertile. 9) Chlorofluorocarbons are emitted from plants. One Earth, One Chance 33

10) Gases such as nitrogen and oxygen trap the Sun’s heat [ ] and keep the Earth warm. [ ] 11) During an earthquake, we should all move to open spaces. Short Answer Questions 12) Identify at least two biotic and two abiotic components in the picture. Ans. Abiotic components Biotic components 34

Biotic components Abiotic components 13) How can you ensure that the appliances used in your home are not causing harm to the environment? Identify two ways to do so. Ans. Long Answer Question 14) Where do CFCs come from? How do they affect the environment? Ans. One Earth, One Chance 35

I Apply [] Multiple Choice Questions 15) In the following pictures, which habit harms the environment? (A) (B) Travelling by bus Throwing plastic waste on the road (C) (D) Putting waste in dustbins Riding a bicycle 16) Study the pictures. Which of these does not show a natural disaster? [ ] (A) (B) Storm Flood (C) (D) Car accident Earthquake 36

Short Answer Questions 17) Explain the interdependence between a farmer, a banker and a shopkeeper. Ans. 18) You are watching a movie with your friends in your living room. Suddenly you feel the sofa shaking. Your friends feel it too. What do you think is happening? What should you do at that moment? Ans. Long Answer Question 19) You have often heard your parents and grandparents say ‘It was not this hot when we were young’. What has caused the Earth to become so hot? How does it affect our planet? Ans. I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) Paste pictures of items commonly used in a disaster kit in the box provided. Make your own disaster kit and show it to the class. Hints: •  You can collect pictures of a torch, rope, granola bars, medicines and so on. •   You can also collect all these materials and store them in a box. One Earth, One Chance 37

•  You can also make a disaster kit for your pet with various pet supplies such as food, medicines and so on. Ans. 38

13Lesson Laws, Rights and Duties I Remember Multiple Choice Questions 1) When did the Constitution of India come into force? [] [] (A) 26 January 1930 (B) 26 January 1950 (C) 15 August 1947 (D) 15 August 1950 2) Which of the following does a state government look after? (A) (B) Education Railways (C) (D) Defence Shipping Fill in the Blanks 3) The Indian Constitution is written in two languages: _________________ and _________________. 4) The Indian Constitution was written by ___________________ and other educated leaders of India. 39

Very Short Answer Questions 5) Name the object used by people to vote. Ans. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 6) What is a government run by chosen representatives of the people called? Ans. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ Short Answer Question 7) D efine ‘constitution’. What is unique about the Indian Constitution? Ans. _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ I Understand Write ‘True’ or ‘False’ [] 8) It is our fundamental right to follow the Constitution and respect it. 9) According to the Right to Equality, we are all equal before the [ ] [ ] law regardless of our religion, gender, race, caste or place of birth. 10) The Preamble says that everybody is equal. [] 11) The Right to Education states that children up to the age of 17 have the right to receive free education. Short Answer Questions 12) Explain why the Preamble is important. 40

Ans. 13) E xplain the meaning of ‘fundamental duties’. Write in your own words an example of a fundamental duty. Ans. Long Answer Question 14) Draw a mind map on the fundamental rights of Indian citizens. Laws, Rights and Duties 41

Ans. I Apply Multiple Choice Questions 15) M ayura’s parents are doctors. However, she wants to become a fashion designer. According to you, which fundamental right allows Mayura to choose her occupation? [] (A) Right to Equality (B) Right to Freedom (C) Right to Education (D) Right to Information 16) Akash is 17 years old. Which of the following is he not entitled to? [] (A) Right to Equality (B) Right to Freedom (C) Right to Freedom of Religion (D) Right to Vote Short Answer Questions 17) Why does a democracy require a constitution? Ans. 42

18) Kabir is an 11-year-old boy from a poor family. He does not go to school as his parents cannot pay the school fees. Do you think the Constitution can help him? Ans. Long Answer Question 19) The government in India has three levels: local, state and central governments. What duties does the local government perform? How do you think the state and central governments help the local government? Give an example. Local Government Ans. I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Long Answer Question 20) A picture of the Preamble to the Indian Constitution (before the 42nd Amendment) is given. Look at it carefully and describe the words ‘sovereign’, ‘liberty’ and ‘fraternity’. Also find out the words added to the Preamble by the 42nd Amendment of the Constitution. Laws, Rights and Duties 43

Ans. 44