Draw another set of opposites below. Rhyming words Words that have the same ending sounds are called rhyming words. Examples: ring – sing – wing – swing Exercise 2.2: Colour the stars with rhyming word pairs in the same colour. hour well fell more star floor The Adventures of Mendu 47
3 Grammar Pronouns Underline the pronouns in the passage below. Sort them as subject, object or possessive pronouns. The old explorers were very brave. They travelled to strange lands. I am an explorer too. My brother also likes exploring new places. We go exploring in the woods near the park. Other children find us to be different. I don’t listen to them. Exploring is my passion; what’s yours? Subject pronouns Object pronouns Possessive pronouns Remember: • The subject pronoun is used as the subject of the sentence. • T he object pronoun is used to replace the noun that receives the action of the verb. • Possessive pronouns show belonging. Subject Object Possessive Subject Object Possessive pronouns pronouns pronouns pronouns pronouns pronouns I me mine he him his we us ours she her hers you you yours it it its – – – they them theirs 48
Exercise 3.1: Read the underlined words in each sentence. Choose the best pronouns to take their place from the word box below. One is done for you. we she it them us they 1) Our dog Mini was sleeping. Ans. She was sleeping. 2) My mother sent my brother and me outside. Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ 3) My brother was playing with a ball. Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ 4) My friend and I were playing basketball. Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ 5) My brother threw the frisbee to Rahul and Sunny. Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ 6) Sara, Shobha and Ira are best friends. Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ Exercise 3.2: Complete the sentences using possessive pronouns (mine, yours, ours, his, hers, its, theirs). One is done for you. 1) This is our house. The house is ours. 2) That is your dog. That dog is _____________________. 3) These are her rabbits. These rabbits are _____________________. The Adventures of Mendu 49
4) That is my bus. The bus is _____________________. 5) Those are his toys. Those toys are _____________________. 6) That car belongs to them. It is _____________________. Exercise 3.3: Rewrite the paragraph using pronouns for the underlined words. Also make changes to the sentences so that they are grammatically correct. One sentence is done for you. Riya is on a picnic with her family. Riya is very happy to be with her family. Riya is on the picnic with her dad, mom and brother. Riya’s brother, Rehan, is excited. Rehan is opening the food basket that is full of food. The food has been made by the whole family. The whole family has packed the food on their own. The family are sitting on a mat. The family will eat the mangoes brought by Rehan. Rehan has picked the mangoes on his own. 50
Ans. Riya is on a picnic with her family. She is very happy to be with them. 4 Language in Use Irregular plurals Read the following sentences: • She had not seen so many buses on the road. • Radha bought tomatoes yesterday. • The mosquitoes troubled us all through the night. • I opened all the boxes but couldn’t find my laptop. The words in bold are irregular plurals formed by adding ‘-es’ to the singular words 'bus', 'tomato', 'mosquito' and 'box'. Remember: To form the plurals of nouns that end in ‘-x’, ‘-o’ and ‘-s’, we add ‘-es’ to the ends of the words. The Adventures of Mendu 51
Read these sentences. Goa has many There are many brushes in How many dance classes churches. the jar. have you attended? The words 'churches', 'brushes' and 'classes' are plurals formed by adding ‘-es’. Remember: The plurals of words that end in ‘-ch’, ‘-sh’ and ‘-ss’ are also formed by adding ‘-es’ to the ends of the words. Read the following examples of plural forms learnt till now. Singular Plural Singular Plural fruit fruits tree trees gas gases potato potatoes fox foxes coach coaches batch batches patch patches boss bosses cross crosses thrush thrushes bush bushes 52
Exercise 4.1: Write the plural form of each noun. One is done for you. 1) dress dresses 2) fox ____________________ 3) wish ____________________ 4) peach ____________________ 5) lunch ____________________ 6) potato ____________________ The Adventures of Mendu 53
Exercise 4.2: Fill in the blanks with the correct singular or plural forms of the underlined words. One is done for you. 1) Anita has five watches. I have one watch. 2) She only ate a ___________________ for lunch. Her friend ate two tomatoes. 3) We played three matches yesterday. We will play one __________________ today. 4) There are seven ___________________ near my house. There is only one bush near Shikha’s house. 5) My sister has two blue ___________________. I have one blue dress. 6) These dishes are dirty. That ___________________ is clean. Exercise 4.3: Read the sentences and colour the correct plural forms. One is done for you. 1) One sandwich is on the table, and two _________ are in the tiffin box. sandwiches sandwichs sandwichves sandwich 2) There are two _________ on this street. One church is near my school. churchs churchess churches churchez 3) How many _________ are there in the vase? flowerss floweres flower flowers 4) I have two pairs of sports _________. shoees shoess shoes shose 5) There are three _________ on this floor. classes class classs classess 6) I have kept the _________ in the bathroom. brushs brushes brushess brush 54
5 I Write: Formal Writing Answer questions based on a picture Exercise 5: Look at the picture given below. Answer the questions based on the picture. 1) What is the girl with the brush doing? Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 2) What is the girl with the brush trying to paint? Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 3) What is the boy doing? Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ The Adventures of Mendu 55
4) What is the girl with two ponytails making? Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 5) What materials is the girl using to make the doll? Ans. _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 6 I Write: Creative Writing Editing exercise Exercise 6: The paragraph given below has a few spelling, punctuation and grammatical mistakes. Identify the mistakes and rewrite the paragraph after correcting them. Last weak, i went to the beach. I go with my younger brother and my best friend. We went there by bus. We saw many fish in a sea. We rode in a boat? There were many other children there too. They asked, 'Do you want to play with us!' So we played with them. It was an enjoyable day for us. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 56
Lesson Riding My Bicycle 15 Module 15 Section Name What I Will Learn I Listen Word dictation Vocabulary Compound words 57
1 I Listen 3) 6) Exercise 1.1: Word dictation 9) 1) 2) 4) 5) 7) 8) B C A 2 Vocabulary Compound words Sameer is eating a cupcake. The word ‘cupcake’ is made up of two words put together: += cup cake cupcake The word ‘cupcake’ has a new meaning. When we join two or more words to form a new word, it is called a compound word. Here are a few more examples of compound words. + room = bath bathroom 58
+= table cloth tablecloth Exercise 2.1: Tick the boxes that have compound words. Choose any two compound words and make two sentences using those compound words. 1) 2) 3) basketball flower igloo 4) 5) 6) toothbrush raindrops paper 7) 8) 9) dustbin table ladybug 10) 11) 12) crayon fruit pancakes 1) __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Riding My Bicycle 59
2) __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Exercise 2.2: Pair up the words given below and make compound words. basket sun bow grand lace fly father rise rain butter ball shoe 1) _____________________________________________________________________ 2) _____________________________________________________________________ 3) _____________________________________________________________________ 4) _____________________________________________________________________ 5) _____________________________________________________________________ 6) _____________________________________________________________________ 60
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