Government R esponsibilitiesMultiple C hoice Questions1) Who is the present President of India? [ ] [ ] (A) Sonia Gandhi (B) Ram Nath Kovind [ ] (C) Mayawati (D) Pranab Mukherjee [ ] [ ]2) The person representing the state in the Lok Sabha is known as [ ] (A) Member of the Legislative council (B) Member of the Legislative assembly (C) Member of the Parliament (D) Only (A) and (B)3) Who elects the members of the Rajya Sabha? (A) President (B) Prime minister (C) State and territorial legislatures (D) Both (A) and (C)4) Which is the highest Court in Judiciary? (A) District court (B) Bar council (C) Supreme court (D) High court5) Which of the following is the highest constitutional position? (A) Prime minister (B) Home minster (C) Vice president (D) President6) The Central government of India is also called ______________. (A) State Government (B) Panchayat (C) Union Government (D) Local GovernmentGK_Grade4.indb 49 49 8/16/2018 1:41:33 PM
7) How many states and union territories are present in India? [ ] (A) 21 states and 7 union territories [ ] [ ] (B) 26 states and 8 union territories [ ] (C) 26 states and 7 union territories (D) 29 states and 7 union territories8) Chairman of the Rajya Sabha will be which of the following positions? (A) President (B) Vice president (C) Prime minister (D) Supreme court judge9) What are the branches of the Government of India? (A) Executive (B) Judiciary (C) Legislative (D) All of these10) T he Constitution of India came into effect on January 26, 1950. This day is celebrated as__________________. (A) Independence day (B) Republic day (C) Vijay diwas (D) All of theseFun The system of democracy was introduced 2500 years ago inFact! Athens, Greece. 50 8/16/2018 1:41:33 PMGK_Grade4.indb 50
Match the functions of the different branches of government given in column A with thenames of the branches or departments of the government in column B. C olumn A C olumn B 1) Local self government a) Legislature 2) Delivers justice b) Executive 3) The head of panchayat c) Judiciary 4) Ensures that laws are followed d) Gram Panchayat 5) Makes laws for the country e) SarpanchGK_Grade4.indb 51 51 8/16/2018 1:41:33 PM
Lesson 11Glo be Tr av eller sTime to Travel to Australia, Japan, UAE, UK and USAAustralia is a major country in one of the seven continents of the world and officially itis known as the Commonwealth of Australia. A former British colony, it adopted its ownConstitution in the year 1901. The capital city of Australia is Canberra. It is the sixth largestcountry in the world in terms of area. Major parts of the country are covered in arid land.Some of the famous cities of Australia are Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, etc. Theofficial language of the country is English and the currency used is the Australian dollar.Australia is a multicultural country, with people from different regions settled in thiscountry. Australian food is a mixture of various food habits and cuisines of migrants fromdifferent parts of the world. Meat pies, Cornish pastries, lamb chops are the most famousand commonly eaten dishes. There is no particular Australian uniform as the dress typesare mainly a reflection of different indigenous cultures. Some major types of dresses thatevolved over the centuries include bush wear, swimwear, etc. Australia holds some majorfestivals throughout the year. The Sydney festival is one of the biggest and grandestfestivals, involving all forms of art like music, dance, theatre, visual arts, etc. The country 52 8/16/2018 1:41:34 PMGK_Grade4.indb 52
has produced several famous people belonging to diverse fields. Sir Donald GeorgeBradman is hailed as the greatest test batsman (cricket) in the world with a test battingaverage of 99.94.Australia is known as the ‘Land of Kangaroos’ since they are only found in this country. Fun Australia was the second country in the world to give women the Fact! right to vote in 1902.2) Japan:Japan is an island country, an archipelago, formed by a string of islands situated on theeastern edge of Asia. The four main islands of Japan are Hokkaidu, Honshu, Shikoku, andKyushu. Tokyo is the capital city of Japan. Other important cities of Japan are O saka,Kobe, N agoya, Fukuoka, Kitakyushu and Sapporo. Japan has a constitutional monarchywith limited powers vested in the emperor. Its official language is Japanese and thecurrency used is the Japanese yen.The country is a rich breeding ground for fishes because of the meeting of the warmTsushima Current from the south with a colder current from the north in the Sea of Japan.Japan has over 108 active volcanoes. And is, therefore, hit by many earthquakesevery year.The people in Japan are very hard-working and courteous. Children are taught to givemore importance to their family and professional requirements than their personal needs.Japanese food mainly consists of rice, vegetables and fish with less use of meat anddairy products. Japanese people are healthy and have high life expectancy. A kimono,GK_Grade4.indb 53 53 8/16/2018 1:41:35 PM
a type of full-length dress, is the traditional garment of Japan. The country celebrates alot of festivals. The dates of these festivals vary from area to area. However, the SapporoSnow festival is one of the largest celebrations of this island country and it is held in themonth of February.In this festival, several snow structures are built and a lot of cultural events are organisedaround these. This eastern country has produced several personalities in diverse fields.Yoko O no is a Japanese multimedia artist, singer and peace activist. She is known for herwork in performance art, filmmaking and music.Japan is known for its remarkable advances in technology, which include pioneering workin the automotive industry and in the creation of robotics. Also, Japan was the first countryto build high speed trains like the Bullet trains which travel at a speed of 320 km/hr.Do Japan suffers 1,500 earthquakes per year.youknow?3) United Arab Emirates:The United Arab Emirates or UAE is situated in the eastern part of the Arab peninsula. It isa federation of 7 emirates, known as Trucial States, formed in the year 1971. Their capitalis Abu Dhabi and other important cities include Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, etc. The officiallanguage of the country is Arabic and the currency is Dirham. 54 8/16/2018 1:41:35 PMGK_Grade4.indb 54
The culture of UAE is highly influenced by Arabia and Persia. The traditional Emirati clothingconsists of Kandura (an ankle-length white shirt) worn by men and Abaya (a blackgarment covering the whole body) worn by women. UAE has a whole range of cuisines,influenced by several cultures. Some of them include Harees, Machboos and Luqemat.The biggest festival of this country is Eid-ul-Fitr, which marks the end of Ramadan.Mohammed bin R ashid Al Maktoum, the Prime Minister of UAE, has played a pivotal rolein the development of UAE. His efforts led to the growth of Dubai as a global city, alongwith several other projects such as Emirates Airline, DP World and the Jumeirah Group,creation of technology park and free economic zone, Dubai Internet City, Dubai MediaCity, the Dubai International Finance Centre, etc.The country has a vast reserve of oil and natural gas which form the main economy ofthis country. The Burj Khalifa in Dubai is the tallest building in the world. Fun There are ATMs in Dubai that dispense gold bars. Fact!4) United Kingdom:The United Kingdom, or UK as it is popularly called, is composed of Great Britain(England, Scotland and Wales) and N orthern Ireland. It has a constitutional monarchywith parliamentary democracy, with the Queen as the head of the state. The capitalof UK is London, which is also the largest city of the British Isles. Other important cities areBirmingham, Glasgow, Manchester, West Yorkshire, etc. The official language of UK isEnglish and the currency used is the British Pound Sterling.GK_Grade4.indb 55 55 8/16/2018 1:41:36 PM
The culture of the country has been influenced by the distinct customs and traditionsof the four regions that comprise UK. There is no particular national dress code of UK.However, each of these countries have their own national dress or particular dressingstyle which are: Scotland- kilt and Tam o’ shanter and tartan clothing, Wales- traditionalWelsh costume with Welsh hat, England- smock-frock.English country clothing consisting of flat caps and brogue shoes are also very popularamong the rural folk. The red telephone box and the letterbox are considered to becultural icons of Britain.Traditional examples of UK’s cuisine include the various meat pies such as kidney pie,shepherd’s pie, cottage pie, etc. It is also famous for English breakfast, Sunday roast, fishand chips, steak, etc. Christmas is by far the biggest celebration in the United Kingdomwhen people decorate their houses, sing carols and enjoy Christmas dinner with theirfamilies.United Kingdom has produced several notable personalities in the fields of politics,science, arts, etc. One of the greatest scientists of all time, Sir Isaac N ewton is a nativeof the United Kingdom. He was a mathematician and scientist who invented differentialcalculus, and formulated the theory of universal gravitation and the three laws of motion.The country has valleys and high grounds because of the huge glaciers which hadexisted during the Ice Age. It is fascinating to know that the first solid edible chocolatebar was made in the UK. Several sports originated in this country, including football,cricket, and the modern games of tennis and golf. Some of the highest rankeduniversities in the world are situated in this country, such as O xford University, CambridgeUniversity, etc.5. United States of America: 56 8/16/2018 1:41:36 PMGK_Grade4.indb 56
The United States of America or USA is considered to be a super power in the world. Itis a federal republic with the President as the Head of the state and the government. Itconsists of 50 states with Washington D.C. as its capital. Some of the important cities inUSA are N ew York, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, Houston and Chicago. It is the 4th largestand 3rd most populous country in the world. The official language of the country is Englishand the currency used is the Dollar.USA is a multicultural society with influences from various regions like Native America,Africa, Asia, Latin America, etc. In US, fashion is very varied and mainly informal. However,boots, cowboy hats and the leather jackets made for motorists reflect typical Americanstyle. Also, blue jeans were first designed by the American merchant Levi Strauss andJacob Davis. The food habits of this country have been adopted from various parts ofthe world like Africa, Mexico, Latin America, Italy, etc. Hamburgers, doughnuts and friesare considered typical American food. Thanksgiving is a traditional American holiday,derived from the English pilgrims’ custom of thanking those responsible for one’s welfare.During Thanksgiving, people spend time with their family and friends, followed by anelaborate lunch.US has produced several famous personalities, such as Walter Elias Disney, or Walt Disneyas he is known, who created famous cartoon characters and was the pioneer of theAmerican animation industry. He created characters such as ‘Mickey Mouse’, ‘DonaldDuck’, etc. He also made animated movies like ‘Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs’,‘Bambi’ and ‘Pinocchio’, which are famous all over the world.N eil Armstrong, the first man ever to walk on the Moon was from America. Mobile phoneswere first developed by the American television and radio manufacturer, Motorola. TheWright Brothers were the first people to invent aircrafts. The biggest IT companies likeMicrosoft, Google and Apple Inc. originated in USA. Hollywood, located in Los Angeles, isone of the biggest and most recognisable film industries in the world.GK_Grade4.indb 57 57 8/16/2018 1:41:36 PM
Notes 58 8/21/2018 6:39:32 PMBlank_page.indd 2
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