Brahmaputra Basin Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, West Bengal, Meghalaya, Nagaland and Sikkim I Understand FEATURES OF THE THREE BASINS The three basins that make up the Northern Plain have special features. Let us learn more about these basins. Indus Basin Special features Location • Bhakra-Nangal dams: built the western part of on the Sutlej river; provide the Northern Plain electricity and water for farming Rivers in this basin India’s part of the • Punjab: the granary of India Indus basin is drained or India's breadbasket by Sutlej and Beas Bhakra Dam Ganga Basin Special features Location • largest part of the Northern Plain east of the • most densely populated area Indus basin in India Rivers in this basin Ganga, Yamuna • has many historical, religious and and their tributaries industrial towns and cities Example: Delhi, Agra, Prayagraj, The Ganga in Haridwar Varanasi, Haridwar, Patna, Kolkata The Northern Plain 47
Course of River Ganga • The Ganga originates in the Gangotri glacier in Beginning the Himalayas. Middle • Yamuna joins the Ganga at Prayagraj. The place End where they join is called Sangam. It flows through Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. The Son and Kosi join the Ganga. The Ganga enters West Bengal. . • The Ganga divides itself into distributaries after it enters West Bengal. • At the place where it meets the Bay of Bengal, the Ganga along with Brahmaputra, together known as Padma, creates the largest delta in the world called the Sundarbans. Brahmaputra Basin Special features Location • a narrow plain lies in the • surrounded by hills and easternmost part of the Northern Plain mountains on three sides Rivers in this basin Brahmaputra, Teesta, Manas Brahmaputra — a special river The Brahmaputra is a special river because it is the only river in India that flows through three countries. It originates in the Mansarovar Lake in Tibet. The Brahmaputra is known as the Tsang-Po in Tibet. It enters India from Tibet through Arunachal Pradesh and then flows through Assam and Meghalaya. Then, the Brahmaputra turns south and The Brahmaputra flowing The bend in the Brahmaputra enters Bangladesh. through Tibet river as it enters India 48
Train My Brain 1) Name any two states covered by the Northern Plain. 2) Which is the most densely populated area in the Northern Plain? I Apply Why does the Northern Plain have so many national parks? The rivers, fertile land and favourable climate of the Northern Plain are beneficial for the plants, animals and people. Plants and animals Many forests have been formed over thousands of years in these regions. Animals such as the rhinoceros, the elephant and the Royal Bengal tiger live in the Northern Plain. These forests and animals are very special and need to be protected. So, there are many national parks or protected forests here. An elephant and her calves A Royal Bengal tiger People The soil of the Northern Plain is very fertile. So, many people living in the Northern Plain practise farming. Rice, wheat, sugarcane and tea are grown here. I Explore (HQ.OQ.TQ.SQ.) 1) On a map of India, point out the following. • t he Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra rivers • two important cities each on the banks of the Indus and Ganga rivers • the point at which the Brahmaputra enters India The Northern Plain 49
Be Amazed Approximately 303 million people live in the states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar in the Northern Plain of India. This is more than the population of the whole country of Indonesia! Connect the Dots Science Fun Jute is grown in the Northern Plain. It is a natural fabric that is used to make a variety of things. Some of these things are given below. Jute paper Jute bag Jute rope Jute mat Maths Fun The Brahmaputra is longer than the Ganga. It is 2,900 km long. But, only a part of the Brahmaputra flows through India. The Ganga is 2,510 km long. How much longer is the Brahmaputra than the Ganga? ___________________________________________________________________________________ A Note to Parent Next time you eat at a restaurant, you can point out to your child the different types of food from different parts of India. Explore the map at https://bit.ly/2zmDuK8 with your child to help them learn about the varied cuisines of India. New Words 1) granary – a place where grains are stored 2) densely populated – a region where a lot of people live 50
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